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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 26, 1920)
lO TTTE MORNING OR EG ONI AN, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 2G. 1920 ESTABLISHED BY IIEXRV I- FITTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. 135 Sixth Street, forUud. Oregon. O A. MORtlEX. U. B. PIPER. Manxw. Editor. Tbe Oregonian Is a member of tbe Aw elated Press. The Associated Press is ex clusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special, dispatches sere in are also reserved. BObeeription Kates Invariably In Advance. (By Mall.) Xially, Sunday Includes, one year ... raily, Sunday Included, six months . liaily, Sunday included, three months Daily, Sunday included, one month .. Iialiy, without Sunday, one year .... lally, without Sunday, six months ' Iialiy, without Sunday, one month "Weekly, one year bunday, one year . .. .$8.00 . 4. 25 . a.j." . - . 6.00 . 3.25 . .60 . l.no . S.0O (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday Included, one year ... ..9n0 liaily. Sunday Included, one month. . . Iaily, without Sunday, one year l.ally. without Sunday, three months. . Iialiy. without-Sunday, one month . . . .75 7.60 l.5 .65 How to Kemit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Ciive postoffice address In full, including county and state. Postage Kates 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent; IS to 3 pases. 2 cents; 3 to 18 pages, 3 cents: 50 to 64 pages. 4 tents: 611 to su pages. 5 centn; 2 to B6 pases, 6 cents. Foreian postage double rates Eastern Buhiness Office Verree Conk lln. Brunswick buildins. New York: Verree & Conklin. Steger bui.ding. Chicago: Ver ree si Conklin, Free Press building. De troit, .Mich. San Francisco representative. U. J. Bidwell. r STILL STICKING TO IT. The statement issued from repub lican headquarters regarding Sena tor Harding's expression, of opinion on the price of wheat shows that the democratic committee sticks to its lie on this subject after it has been disproved from the Congressional Record and has been contradicted by Mr. Harding. ' The trick was an old one but was peculiarly brazen. In the debate on the Lever bill in 1917 Mr. Harding said that "raising 1 wheat was a profitable occupation 'in time of peace" and that farmers had bought land in Ohio "for the very purpose of raising wheat profitably at U a bushel in times of peace, to be sure." In pretending to quote him the democrats debliberately omitted the reference to times of peace and made it appear that he said farmers could raise wheat profitably in times of war. After .this deliberate falsification of his meaning had been exposed it was repeated. Mr. Harding exposed It again in his speech at Minneapo lis on September 8, when he said: I spoke the truth when I said some years ago that Ohio farmers In the normal days before the war rejoiced to raise dollar wheat. The statement had no reference to war time, none to the present after-the-war period. Conditions u well as prices have changed. After the speech was made the democratic textbook was published. On its second page in black type un der the head "Harding Nuggets," ap pear a series of pretended quotations from Senator Harding, the first of which reads: Dollar wheat makes It a very profitable business. The democrats stuck to the lie. The republican committee shows that they are still sticking to it.' Every farmer knows that Mr. Harding told the exact truth. In time of peace dollar wheat was so profitable and so rare that when the price began to rise hope rose among wheat-growers that it would reach the dollar mark. What faith can be put in the promises of a party which values the truth so little that it distorts a man's words to the point of giving them a meaning the exact reverse of that which they were spoken and which repeats the offense after the fraud has been exposed? HOOYEB'S PROGRESS PROGRAMME. In his speech at Indianapolis Her bert Hoover dwelt on the great pos sibilities of conservation and further development of natural resources which rest in that reorganization ot the government to which the repub lican party is pledged. It is a sub ject on which he as an engineer is well qualified to speak, for it has to do with great engineering projects which appeal to the imagination as means of contributing vastly to the national welfare. Mr. Hoover said that "we have six different departments actively en gaged in engineering and construc tion work," which "do not co-operate; they compete for power, for material, for labor and for skill," and he continued: There Is profound wait by overlap. There is an infinite opportunity for log rolling, pork barrel and waste through Use lack of cohesion. There is no conception of our policy . of public works as a whole. No properly organised and directed saving In public works can be made until a regrouping and consolidation la carried out. He said that the economy affected by congressional committees is but a tithe of that which could be effected by concentration as practiced in pri vate .business. For years engineers had advocated creation of a depart ment of public works out of the in terior department as a beginning of reorganization. He went on to tell of the great development of trans portation, fuel, power, water and other resources which could be ef fected through such a department. Kvery section suffered periodically from congestion of the railroad sys . tern. Irregularity in demand for ; bituminous coal made the average term of work only 190 days a year, though if the industry could be oper . ated for 300 days a year, 300,000 : men could be turned into other in justry and 30 per cent of the capital could be otherwise employed. As a cure he suggested co-operative ac tion of the great consumers, oper ators and workmen in the Industry, together with "great electrical power production at certain strategic points." He also favored a "great electrical power line" along the At lantic seaboard. This would mean cheaper power, economy of coal and prolongation of our coal resources, regularity in output of coal, relief to the railroads, greater ability to com pete in the world markets, an in creasing standard of living and a de creased cost of living. Of the same nature would be con struction of the waterway through the great lakes to the St. Lawrence river, which would save 5 cents a bushel on grain to the farmers of ten states, relieve railroads and develop waterpower; improvement of the Erie canal and inland waterways; storage of water in the west for power and Irrigation. Accomplishment of these great works, he held, would require a de gree of co-operation which was not possible under the present laws against combinations. These laws provide negative checks upon misuse of power, but they "undermine pri . vate initiative in development of es sential tools of production and ser vice." The problem now was "to produce initiative ... and -at tbe same time protect the public I from unlimited power In operation." But "any plan whicra fails to pre serve the great motive power of all human progress individual initia tive will defeat its object." He cited the terrible experience of Rus sia as proof that the theory of so cialism 'that production can be maintained without self-interest" is false, and he said: The whole basis of our civilisation Is that the. progress of the mass must ripe from the progress of the Individual in It. That Is the principle of reconstruc tion as the republican party has un dertaken to put it in effect. That party has always fought monopoly for private benefit. Its policy is to regulate and limit the profits of na tural monopolies. It also has striven to preserve and encourage private initiative as the foundation of American progress. Its next task is to revive that impulse of progress which has been checked by eight years of misrule, to encourage and regulate co-operation among great industries and great masses of work men so that they shall serve the people, not prey upon the people, and to make the government a guide in this work. This is what socialists call reaction, but it is what Ameri cans call progress, and by this means the developments that he describes arepossible. ENTITLED TO' KNOW. The public knows where Congress man McArthur stands on the Plumb plan; but it does not know where his opponent Mrs. Lovejoy stands, though it has a, right to suspect. She blandly dismisses the subject by say ing, that she. "is not in any way com mitted for or- against the Plumb plan." But the public is entitled to know. It is one of the most vital questions ever submitted to congress. It pro poses the nationalization of all the railroads of the United States, by outright purchase, and their control by a joint board consisting of rep resentatives of the employers, the employes and the public. The scheme is so ingeniously arranged that the employes will be the domi nant influence. The Plumb plan promoters are working day and night for Mrs. Lovejoy. They are, besides, bitterly resentful of the past, present and promised opposition of Mr. Mc Arthur. They have no doubts about his attitude. They may not be in doubt about Mrs. Lovejoy. The public, which is vitally concerned in so radical a scheme, should never for a moment be left in doubt. The Oregonian is among those who think that Mrs. Lovejoy can render no service to the Third Ore gon district in congress comparable to the service Mr. McArthur has ren dered and will be in position to ren der hereafter. Among other inval uable and courageous things he has done is to fight the Plumb ' plan. Now it is proposed to supplant him with one who dodges a proper in quiry as to what she will do, who promises no opposition, and who may, and probably will, vote and work for a measure wholly inimical to the public interest. SILLY OR DANGEROUS. It is common knowledge that law yers do not invariably agree as to what is the law. !f lawyers always did agree there would not be much business for the courts, whereas the courts have a lot of business a great lot. ' i So when a correspondent today quotes numerous lawyers in an opin ion that the anti-medication measure is not an anti-medication measure and will not have the disastrous re sults its wording indicates, the perfectly-to-be-expected retort is that other lawyers, equally eminent, say that it is an anti-medication meas ure and will have the consequences its opponents assert it will. So here we have on the one hand certain lawyers who say the measure is not a sweeping menace to public health and to the very life of the citizens of the state, and we also have lawyers who say it is all of that. Matters of life and death are pretty serious things to monkey with. We should dislike to have the bur den on us of authorship of an amendment which some qualified lawyers say will prevent application of the only known means of rescue from death-dealing epidemics, even though other lawyers say it will not. It is a curious thing about the propaganda of Mr. McKenna, the correspondent referred to herein, and other anti-vaccinationists. that they, ridicule every form of preven tive medication except sanitation. yet when charged with'advocating a law to do away with the things they ridicule they become virtuously in dignant. If it be true that the amendment does nothing, as these several law yers insist, except prevent compul sory vaccination and inoculation, what is the reason for its submis sion? There is no compulsion in Oregon now as regards vaccination or inoculation and none is contem plated or suggested. If the amend ment is designed solely to- force schoo.1 boards to admit to the schools in time of smallpox epidemics chil dren who have not been vaccinated, it will obviously fail in its purpose. The alternative will be to close the schools. That is, of course, the thing that will be done. The amendment is either silly or dangerous. . FAI.SE APPEAL TO THE RELIGIOUS. Under the misleading title of "Ap peal to Christians of America in the Coming Election," Herbert Powell Lee has published a circular which is simply political propaganda in favor of Governor Cox's election. It is full of spurious appeals in the name of religion, morals and humanity, of half-truths, untruths and misrepre sentations. The general character of this ap peal may be judged by a few exam pies. It represents Senator Hard ing's opposition to the Wilson league as opposition to any league, which is false. It assumes that the Wilson league just as President Wilson wants it is the only possible league, which is also false. It assumes that Mr. Harding's opposition to the man date for Armenians means that he opposes any work of humanity for that country, which is also false. It ignores completely the efforts of re publican senators to reach an agree ment with Mr. Wilson on the league. and the latter's obstinate refusal to permit his adherents in the senate to accept arty real reservations. By saying that Mr. Harding voted 30 out of 3Z times against prohib tion it fosters the impression that he was against it to the end. The fact is that he voted for the amend ment. for the Volstead act and to pass the Volstead act over the presi dent's veto. Those were the deci sive votes. r- He is accused of voting against guarantee of J2.26 for wheat, when in fact he voted for J2.50 wheat- Negative votes against some pro visions of bills are made the basis of assertions that he voted against the bills themselves, which are in many cases unfj-ue. As an appeal to religious con viction and to moral and humane sentiments the circular is pure hypocrisy. SPARE TJS! It I a mistake to give a commission created by a political legislature power ever Portland's ocean terminals. says Drake C. O'Reilly, for many years a mem ber of the port of Portland commission. Portland Journal. Well, one republican legislature elected, and another re-elected, Mr. O'Keilly to be a member of the Port n t Pn.inv,,4 1 , i - ai ttlvwhich Mr? oS further proposes is election of the board by people of the district There should be, he says, three com missioners, and they should be well paid. Would Mr. O'Reilly, who resigned from the port, and who is experi enced in river and port affairs, be come a candidate for the job, if it. were electoral, and if so, could he be elected? Doubtless he would say he is no job-hunter, and others would say that, being a democrat, he could not be elected. But the job-hunters would be . out in force, and there would be great difficulty in prevent ing their election. The legislature named the present Port of Portland commission, and its personnel is unexceptionable. Would any of these men submit his candidacy to the chances and trials of a popular election? It may be doubted. Would any of 'them take the job for the mere reason, that it paid a salary? Probably not. But the mere fact that it was a fat job would attract to it men not fit: and then indeed the port would be in politics. Whatever happens to the port bill, let the legislature continue to ap point the members of the board. Or, if a change must be made, let the governor do it. But let the people of the port be spared from distractions and controversies over candidacies that have for their sole objectives a place on the public payroll.. j JASOX LEE AND THE MISSIONARIES. Even the not always far-sighted historian Bancroft was unable to find ground for criticism of the per sonal character and particularly the high sincerity of purpose of. Jason Lee, first missionary to the Oregon country, whose influence in saving Oregon to the union is newly re called by the unveiling of the 'por trait of him in the state capitol. In the chain of events that brought aDout the final consummation the spirit if not the actual achievements of the early missionaries Constituted one of the strongest links. Bancroft ignored this now obvious fact in his estimate of the results of missionary endeavor, though he seems to have labored under no such disability in his appraisement of Lee's motives. One wrjo possessed the character and attainments that the . historian con- ceaes to tne pioneer missionary could not have failed to leave his im press on the history of his period; and it is because he is the symbol of a spirit that actuated an important group that he looms large in the an nals of his time. There is, for illustration, in the archives of the Oregon. Historical so ciety a letter written by Bancroft to Judge Deady, in which the historian defends himself against criticism published in the Boston Congrega- tionalist of his statement that "mis sionary work never did any good." The letter, dated Denver, November 29, 1884, says: Everybody in Oregon. missionaries. preachers and business men, all agrt-e that it never did any good there. What td Lee, or Spalding, or Whitman do that left any mark? They all gave It up, and oi e of them at least took the Sumt.ty school contributions to start a store with, and I think it was the most sensible act of his lire. mat was lee. All British Columbia will tell mn the same. And looking couth, twenty millions have been killed for Christ's sake where one million have been converted, and the Congregationalist wouldn't have those con versions as a gift. 1 am very sure I wouldn't. Bancroft saw only, it seems, that the scheme originally .conceived by the western missionaries, of educat ing and civilizing the Indians, was hopeless, but did not take account of the motivating influence of the ideal ism with which it was permeated. Whatever may be said as to the lit eral truth in the legend that four Flathead (or Nez Perce) Indians had expressed desire to see the "white man's book of life," it will not be gainsaid that publication and accept ance of the story in newspapers in the east fired the religious imagina tion of the country, and gave im petus to the movement that resulted in American settlement. Lee, chosen to bear the message. did not carry out the programme lit erally, but he chose well when he diverted the current of his work. The example of self-denial, of hu mility, of unselfish devotion to a cause and of contempt for personal gain, which he and other early mis sionaries set, was needed, and it was measurably effective. Deterred by no sense of false pride from turning to any labor that came to hand, he furnished an adequate offset to the impression that we were moved only by commercial motives in our ad- vetiturous undertakings. Where the traders failed, the' missionaries sue ceeded in a larger way. and the reason will be found in the purity of their motives.- I know full well,' Lee wrote in 1837, in "the wilder ness between the Willamette and the Pacific," "that the main object I have kept in view has been the glory of God in the salvation of souls," and this, rather than any thought of material gain, actuated him when he framed the historical memorial to eongress urging that the protection of the American flag be extended to the farthest west. This memorial, drafted by Lee and dated March IS. 1838, constituted a me morable contribution to the effort to "save Oregon to the union," and it derived added weight from the dis interestedness of Lee and his col laborators. Lee was in spite of him self a leader in colonial as well as missionary endeavor. The work of the missionaries in Oregon was not a failure, though it may not have fulfilled the dreams of its initiators. It is Impossible to dissociate it from development throughout the United States of the patriotic enthusiasms that were so largely instrumental in shaping the course of events. It marked the be ginning of a new motive in the de velopment of the- west. When hope of redeeming the aborigines van ished, there sprang into- being in Us place the no less inspiring purpose of educating the white settlers and thus laying the foundation of an en during state.. Lee's labors, only -a few years before his death, in be half of education in Oregon would have entitled him to the tribute now paid him if he had done nothing more. ROME OBJECTIONS ANSWERED. Captain W. H. Patterson, a river pilot, ventures into print through an interview with the Journal with some observations on the Swan island project. He assumes that it is proposed to construct a turning basin for ships at Swan island. That proposal was considered by the com mittee of fifteen and rejected in favor of a channel 1600 feet wide the whole length of the Island. He . proposes a "channel west of Swan ' Island 500 feet wide. That would be about wide enough, but not too wide, for ships to pass up and down the river. It would allow no room for ships lying at docks on each side of the channel nor for ships turning into and out of slips. A wide channel Is necessary for these purposes. He further says: The dorks ought not to be built at Swan Island - above the railroad bridge. They ought to be built below. Shipowners do not want to handle their ships through the bj-idge. Dredging the channel means ex cavating material. A place must be found to deposit this material. The most convenient, economical places are Guild's lake, Mock's bottom and what will remain of Swan island. Material Is needed to fill that land and make it fit for use. Filling will make It valuable. The committee proposes to secure for the pilblic this increased value by buying the land, and to set aside the frontage for docks, to be built as they are needed. The principal ocean terminals should be at Swan island because that location is near the business center, where nine-tenths of the ocean traffic originates and where cargoes can be assembled at the low est cost, for transfer of goods. Any competent pilot can safely navigate a ship on a straight course through a draw which is in plain view, as will be the case when the west chan nel is completed. Ships will go where the cargo is, and their own ers will. not worry about bridges so long as pilots do not bump their ships into them. Captain Patterson further says: WhT not create the channel and let private interests be responsible for their developments instead of asking the public to pay tneir 0111 tor a project that couldn t help but 'be a failure? Because the Port commission can not "create the channel" without filling land and adding greatly to its value, does the captain mean that the port should donate the material to the land-owners and let them make fortunes when he speaks of letting them be "responsible for' their development instead of making the public pay the bill"? If that propo sition were put frankly to the people, it would get about one vote in 100,000. As to whether "the project couldn't help but be a failure," the people will prefer the judgment of Mr. Bosehke, who built the Galves ton sea-wall and who has a national reputation as an engineer of port de velopment, and of the twelve busi ness men who compose the port and dock commissions to that of Captain Patterson. The captain's conception of the future of shipping in Portland is repealed by this remark: We have public and private docks and dock sitea in Portland now to meet our needs for fifty years to come. He does not seem to be aware that the number of vessels clearing from Portland for foreign ports was 19 in May, 19 in June, 21 in July, 19 in August, 18 in September and prom ises to be well over 20 in October. To these must be added coastwise vessels clearing for ports not only on the Pacific but on the gulf and At lantic coasts. Many of the private docks are obsolete. Ships are at tracted by the fine, modern facili ties provided at terminal No. 4, and demand for their use grows so fast that the dock commission is already providing for construction of all the docks planned for that terminal. It is not proposed to construct imme diately all the docks for which the Swan island project will provide space. They will be built as the growing needs of shipping demand. The man who believes that all will not be needed within fifty years takes a gloomy view of the future of Portland. Decidedly the women of Oregon are in politics when they heckle a senator; but it will be observed they are of his party, which sounds bad for harmony. And the senator is goose enough to talk back, which shows he does not know the sex. Settlers are" wanted on the Warm Springs project in Malheur county and it is the finest prospect extant for the lazy man who works when he has to which will be all the time there; but remuneration will be great for him. A company has been formed In Centralia, Wash., to manufacture a newly patented egg whip. That may do for fresh ranch eggs, but the only way to whip the Chinese va riety is through a republican pro tective tariff. i Last Wednesday night a contender was knocked out in a fraction of the first minute of the first round. Next Tuesday a candidate or two may have the same experience. Name your own. The administration Is much con cerned over Japanese control of the island of Yap. It certainly does complicate the problem of what- to do with Candidate Cox. Georgia democrats oppose the league of nations and indorse Cox and Roosevelt. A democrat always is a democrat, even if he has to be Inconsistent. But to make the election of Hard ing effective, he must be backed up by a republican senator. Oregon has a duty to perform next Tuesday. Some radical probably was get ting even with Shong, Jhe railroad roan whose home in Seattle was bombed. Seattle has them. Women rush in where men fear to tread in politics. Woman's idea is more comprehensive than man's. The brethren will need more than forty barrels .for consolation pur poses after next Tuesday. A week from today the result will be- made certain. It is pretty well cinched now. ; "Better Speech Week" begins Mon day. Naturally ...democrats, will be excused, -. BV-PRODICTS OF THE TIMES I i I Monkeys Pets of Royalty Since Days of Kfmig Solomon King Alexander of Greece's grave Illness, resulting from the bite of a pet monkey, serves to recall the role which simians have piayed at royal and imperial courts, where their an tics have often served to dispel the ennui of monarchs. The Hellenic ruler has many precedents in his par tiality for these poor relations of the human race. i Holy Writ tells that King Solomon had many such pets, which formed part xf the cargoes brought to him every three years by-his ships of Tar- shish. Emperor Charles V, who in the 18th century was the virtual master of continental Europe, had a large mon key of such abnormal intelligence that it could give the monarch quite a good game of chess. On one occa sion it managed to checkmate his apostolic' majesty, whereupon such defeat incensed him so that he promptly and soundly boxed his vic tor's ears. This remarkable yarn goes on to state that the next time a game took place the wise quadruman before declaring "mate" took the pre caution of seizing from a nearby sofa a large cushion with wh'ch to guard its ears. Frederick the Great when a youth was very fond of monkeys and kept quite a family of them, naming them, from their airs and graces, after the pompous" officials of his father's oourt. When Cardinal Mazarln was lying at death's door from a quinsy which the surgeons of the day were unable to lance, the leading dignitaries of state and the members f his house hold came to take their last farewell. Greatly impressed, they entered the high-ceiled bedchamber, with sor rowful mien, knelt one by one beside his couch to kiss his glittering ring and passed out, most of them with hands covering their eyes, as if to conceal their tears. Last of all there came the cardinal's pet monkey, a large-sized one and very human look ing, who had been watching the scene with Intense interest -from the thres hold. With . extraordinary intelli gence he imitated with cruel exacti tude the actions of those who had preceded him, piously and reverently approaching the bedside with dole ful countenance, taking a most effu sive leave of his master, and then, burying his face in his hands, rush ing from the room as though unable to control his grief. The cardinal, who never lacked humor. In spite of his deathly weakness, burst Into a fit of ' laughter and coughing, which broke the abeess in his throat and saved his life at the"last moment. Washington Post. ' The lowly peanut is coming into it's own.. The lyricists of the depart ment of agriculture sing its praises as a dependable friend of the farmer and as a commodity of wide and ever growing uses. The vine grows easily, and bears richly; and though it dis likes frost it is adaptable to an ex tended range of climate. . From root to nut nothing is wasted. Every part is utilisable in some way. From the nuts come oil, butter, meal and a highly nutritious cake, while live stock luxuriate on what is left. The crop is now of commercial import ance' In 12 states, and the product In 1918 was no less than 52,000,000 bushels, values at 100,000,000. Here Indeed is a rise from insignificance to dignity and worth- In former days regarded as fit only for the small boy. for the older youth who frequented the topmost . gallery in the Dlayhouse, or for the visitor to the menagerie to employ in surrepti tious gifts to the monkeys, the pea nut ranked no better than a neces sary evil; and it reached a lower Hairra.dation when it came to serve as a figure of speech for a certain type of politician. But now all is changed. The genius who first churned, seethed, or distilled it into the thing known as peanut butter and introduced it to the tea tables of the intelligentsia gave it an up ward shove into favor, and since then its progress has been rapid. Science has adopted it, it has invaded the arts, and the great and wise no lon ger Uook upon it with good-humored disdain. Further victories and In creasing honors await it- Weekly Review. Following llstle Daisy Ashford, with her "Toung Visitors," and 8-vear-old Opal Whitelsy, with her diary, comes a literary pharwoman from Bayswater. London. A tall, gaunt woman of 60, who, with, the modesty of many notable literary folk, demands that her Identity be concealed, this bookworm of Bayswater. London, reads a book a day and acts as a collaborator to her employer, who Is a busy re viewer. She opened the door to a visitor the other ' day. but promptly disap peared, and details had to be sup plied by the reviewer. "She insists upon being given a book to. read every day," he said. "Some time ago she declared she would not stay If this were not done. It is my lot to review a certain number of books. I find that I 'cannot do better than hand them to her.- Her judgment Is always sound and is swayed by no weight of name or popularity."-Lon- don Daily Mail. Tourists passing through Audrain eounty. Missouri, will be given the opportunity to slip a dollar or less Into the strong box just in front of the country ' schoolhouse. In return the school children will keep a bundle of firewood ready for this campers' fire and a bulletin of road directions post ed for his convenience. The grounds about the country schoolhouse are used for a camping ground for tour ists throughout the country, notes the Mexico Ledger. Herbert McDougall, manager for the Pershingway, be lieves that a little' co-operation will result in a great good for both the school and tha roads. The money col lected will be used for the school. li brary. V " A school teacher said to her boys: "Now, I am going to give each of you three buttons. You must think of the first as representing life, the second liberty and the third happiness. In three days 1 want you to produce those buttons and tell me what they stand for. On the appointed day the teacher asked one ot the pupils for the buttons. "I ain't got 'em all," he sobbed. "Here's life and here's liberty, but me mother went and sewed happiness en me trousers." Houston Post. Those Who Come and Go. "Recently the Chamber of Com merce sent an expedition through the state to build up a closer feellnfc be tween the country and Portland and yet the. Chamber of Commerce ha gone en record as advocating ths passage of the Malheur laka bird re serve measure," said J. J. Donegan of Burns, who, with William Hanley. ar rived from Harney county yesterday to see what they can do about pre venting the passage of the measure at the November election. "The bird reserve bill, if passed, will prevent the advancement of the proposed big irrigation project. Central Oregon is hard hit. It cannot develop until we have 'irrigation and when that comes we will have railroads. One will bs built from Burns to Bend cer tainly. Unless there Is tonnage there will never be a railroad constructed in central Oregon. We need railroads more than birds. Eastern Oregon trades with Idaho and Utah and southeastern Oregon trades with Cal ifornia because neither of these sec tions has connection with Portland by rail and now, when there Is a hope of getting- a railroad, the Chamber of Commerce steps In the way." Mr. Donegan is at the Imperial and Mr. Hanley is at the Multnomah. Leprosy Is not as bad -as tuberculo sis, according to Dr. Waldo B. Sperry of Philadelphia, who was at the Mult nomah yesterday on his way home from the . Hawaiian islands. Dr. Sperry was for several weeks at the leper settlement at Molokai for ob servation purposes. The thousand or more lepers on the Island were happy and contented and the general condi tions were good. Comparing tuber culosis with leprosy. Dr. Sperry said that the former Is much more con tagious and that there are more deaths In a month from tuberculosis than from leprosy in a score of years. Science has found 'a way to atop the progress of the disease and while it may not be cured, it is prevented from going to the terrible extremes of former times. On the island are movies, a bank, schovjls and clubs and the lepers are not only thrifty, but some accumulated small fortunes be fore being sent to the island. The lepers exeel in athletics and nave baseball and football teams, basket hall and boxing. One leper has equaled world records in track events, but of course he is hot cred ited with them in the official sta tistios. To Inspect the paving and the bridge across Youngs bay, Charles Wanzer. of the state highway engineering office; N. J. Drew, chief of the in spection forces, and C. B. McCollough, bridge engineer, passed through Port land yesterday on their way to Clatsop county. Mr. McCollough says that the bridge across the bay will be com pleted next June and that it will be one of the . finest structures in the state. Mr. Wanzer says that with a few good days of laying weather the pavement will be finished in the St. Helens section and then there will be hard-surface from Portland to West- port without a break. On the St. Helens section double crews are work- ng every day and Sunday. Mr. Wanzer states that if the contractors have luck with weattTer beyond Westport the whole lower Columbia river high way will. 'be completed this year. It would have been finished two weeks ago but for the long rainy season. "Wine- grapes were beinir sold for luo a ton, when I was in Santa Rosa three weeks ago," said Roderick E, Smith of Santa Rosa, Cal., who is reg istered at the Hotel Oregon. "I have lived in that part of California for years and I remember when wine grapes were sold at 86 a ton, which included picking. This year the Dick ers received tb a ton. Formerly when a grower received 88 a ton he thought ne wa doing well and when, he re ceived 812 a ton he was affluent. At 8100 a ton the growers are raoidlv becoming wealthy. The grapes are sold and made into wine at the wineries, me product being used for sacra mental and medicinal purposes. was told that one 'concern sold 25,000 gallons of last year s wine for $25,000, which is an unheard of price, or wa before the days of prohibition." There Is a real civic center in Sa lem, and it is one of the few cities in America which -can actually boast of such a thing, according to Murray Wade, who is dodging street cars in Portland for a few days. The Salem civic center is in the series of large squares. In these squares are the courthouse, the postoffice, the munic ipal bandstand, the, municipal orna mental fountain, the statehouse and the supreme court building. Then between these various structures, all of which are more or less ornamental there are expansive lawns and masses of shrubbery and groves of beautiful trees. It is an honest-to-goodness civic center. - . At 6 o'clock yesterday morning when tne nignt clerk at the Hotel Oregon was yawning, p.. H. Peters of SDrav. Or., came down from his room and headed for the North Portland stock yards to sell .the cattle which he brought to town. Getting put of bed at such an unearthly hour is common enough in" the cattle land, but In Portland and among hotel patrons it is aeciaeaiy unique. Captain Macgenn, the poetical skip per of the steamer Rose City, has sent George Thompson, clerk of the Perkins, a straw vote taken on the steamer on the down trip. Here is the vote: Harding 137. Cox 65. Debs 6 and Johnson 1. Someone on the boat didn't know that Hiram Johnson was eliminated at Chicago. . a Montana is developing into an oil state, according to C. B. Roberts, a state senator of Montana, registered at the Multnomah. With unlimited capital available.- the newly discov ered oil fields will be worked to the limit. Aside from being interested in oil. Senator Roberts is engaged in the sheep business. John L, Rand, one of the republican war horses in Baker, registered at the Hotel Portland and then decided , to pull out for Pendleton, which, he did. Mr. Band was one of the dele gates to the Chicago convention last June. - a To look over Oregon timber with a view of buying,. J. A. Denlson of Hagerstown, Pa., is registered at the Hotel Oregon. He will be taken into the timber belt by D. S. R. Walker of Eugene, who is also at the Hotel Oregon. For a conference with steamship men and shippers. A. F. Haines, vice president and general manager of the Pacific Steamship company, will ar rive In Portland today and register at the Multnomah. E. C. Batten, who la the executive secretary of the Old Colony club, which has olubrooms in a dozen cities around the world, has arrived at the Multnomah to remain until the local clubrooms open. Charles H. Davis, a cattle buyer of Harney county, la. registered at the Imperial. There -are plenty of cattle In Harney this year, but the prices do not suit the growers. H. A. Edmonds brought a shipment of livestock to the market yesterday from lone. Or., and then went to the Peek ins to wash up and lookaround. Dr. Edward Hardfor, who has been ill at St. Vincent's hospital, is rap idly recovering and will regain hi health in a few weeks. NOT YEAR FOR SOS-PARTISAXSH1P Chamberlain's Election May Mean Democratic Senate. HEPPNE R Or., Oct. 86. (To the Editor.) Hasn't the republican party of Oregon just about paid off the debt of gratitude it has been owing to George E. CharrroerlainT If I am wrong about this I want to be cor rected, for the time was when it was nearly as Irreligious to criticise Cham berlain as it once was to criticise Woodrow Wilson. It must be nearly 30 years now since republicans began electing George E. Chamberlain to public of fice. We have been doing this be cause George was an awfully nice man to talk to, a good old scout to un with and a terrible mixer. Be ides he has always preached but never practiced non-partisan politics. This kind of bunk wasn t serious when the United States senate was either strongly republican or strongly democratic. - In this year or our Lora 1920 it is different. George E. Cham berlain's re-election this year will spell ruin for thousands of sheepmen, cattlemen and wheat growers in Ore gon. It is a decent protective tariff. hev need to keen their financial heads above fwater, and, George E. Chamberlain has never voted and never will vote for a protective tariff. Chamberlain Is a Mississippi demo crat and an out-And-out free trader o the core. He votes for free Cana dian wheat. He votes for free Aus tralian wool and mutton. He votes for free Argentine beef and hides, and so on. If he is elected the United States senate will most likely be dem ocratic and our American producers will mostly go broke under the Un derwood tariff law. The war win not be with us to bolster up the prices under free trade, as it has been the past several years. It is principles and not men repuo- licans must vote for in the present campaign. Washington, Lincoln, Gar field, McKinley,. Roosevelt are dead. but the principles they fought for live on. Chamberlain stands lor tree trade, and no republican who is true to republican principles will vote for him this year. E. M, SHL'TT. BAD EFFECTS OF FREE TRADE Mot Matter of Price, but ot Markets aad Wages. SOUTH BEND. Wash.. Oct. 24. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian Octo ber 12 L. B. Osborne replies to an article from J. D. Fairman and com ments of the editor of The Oregonian upon a protective tariff for the United States, one of the important prin ciples of the republican party, which Mr. Osborne inferentially attacks by intimating that a protective tariff is a tax paid by the consumer and there fore to be done away with. In the comments the editor, while insisting that a protective tariff confers many benefits upon the nation, concedes that the duty is paid ultimately by the consumer. This is incorrect. A protective tariff properly laid is not a question of prices, but is purely a question of markets and wages.- Prices are gov erned by the law of supply and de mand. A protective tariff should be laid upon every article imported from a foreign nation that can be pro duced in this country sufficient in quantity and quality to supply the demand. This gives employment to the American producer and to Ameri can capital by building up our in dustries, takes away the competition of the cheap labor of Europe and Asia, increases the pay of our wage earners', stimulates the inventive genius of the workers and increases that independence of character in our citizens that is tbe bulwark of our freedom. " Free trade gives our markets to the cheap labor of Europe and Asia; grinds down the faces of our wage earners and empties our gold and. silver into foreign treasuries, reduces our laborers, to the level of foreign workers and divides our people into classes all without cheapening the price of the article to our consumers. That I am correct in my statements upon the principles of the protective tariff and its effects I challenge a successful contradiction. SOL SMITH. DEMOCRAT MUST BE DEMOCRAT How CesKress Is Under Caucus Rule Explained by Correspondent. PORTLAND, Oct. 25. (To the Ed itor.) I have oticed that the repub lican papers in Oregon have thus far failed to feature the important fact that political parties In congress arc governed by caucus rule. so. far as important economic or political ques tions are concerned. Therefore, Senator Chamberlain and Mrs. Lovejoy, should they be elected, will be expected to vote as a demo cratic caucus shall dictate. Should they refuse so to vote, or refuse to enter and abide 'by the decisions of their party caucus, they would be en tirely without influence with either party in congress. Any republican voter who is now contemplating voting for Senator Chamberlain or Mrs. Lovejoy should remember that they are both demo crats snd must necessarily act with their fellow democrats In congress, and that by your vote you would be confirming and giving effect to the decisions of a democratic caucus, and thereby defeating the policies of President Harding and the republican party. Think seriously about this and ask yourself, does personal friendship or personal pique justify me in defeat ing the principles and policies of my own political party by voting for democrats for congress. The state of Oregon and also par ticularly the city of Portland will, no doubt, be found at Washington asking a lot of favors from the republican administration during the next four years. What sort of a reception will we likely receive should we unfortir nately return a democrat for senator and a democrat for congress from our principal city? Do not delude yourself with the idea that Chamberlain or Lovejoy will be of any material assistance trf us. or -that they will be anything, but democrats. A. N. G. When Breakfnut Frlenda 'Are Absent. PORTLAND, Oct. 25. (To the Edi tor.) Why do you permit even an oe, casional omission .of Polly. Paw Per kins, Maw. Ashur and their pals from your otherwise dull and unsensa tional want ad page? Do you not realize that It Is a-real deprivation like a vacant chair at the breakfast table? We as readers feel we have cer tain rights and not the least of these is to indulge our daily hate for Maw and our throbbing sympathy for hen pecked Paw. To ignore our rights in this respect la ruthless and unworthy of our great family newspaper. DAD, DAD & DAD. First to Suggest Roosevelt Highway. PASCO, Wash., Oct. 26. (To the Editor.) At this time when so much attention Is being called to the Roose velt highway 1t seems fitting to call attention to the fact that the Idea of this road, as it would appear, first originated with Captain W. p. Gray and was published as a letter in The Oregonian February 13, 1916. Captain Gray Is well known as one of the early river ' navigators and steamboat captains on the Columbia and Snake rivers and has exercised a wide influence for more than a half century in matters pertaining to river and highway transportation. Although now advanced in years he is still active in such matters and is a stimu lating character. H. L. POWER!. John Burroughs' Nature Notes. Can Yea Answer These Questions 1- When does the woodpecker maks his winter home? 2. Does the art of nature tend to wards concealment? S. Has the northern hare any ad vantage over the gray rabbit? Answers in tomorrow's nature notes. Answers to Previous Questions 1. Is the red fox native American? From the fact that In the bone caves in this country skulls of the gray fox are found, but none of the red. it' is inferred by some naturalists that the red fox is -a descendant from the European species, which, it re sembles in form, but surpasses in beauty, and its appearance on this continent is of comparatively recent date. I. How does K grow? The blue srrass mmm' mHv ia Kentucky; any field left to Itself will presently be covered with blue grass. It is not cut for hay. but is for graz ing alone. Fields which have been protected during the fall yield good vumrige even in winter. And a Kentucky winter Is not a light af fair, the mercury often falling 15 'or 20 degrees below aero. 8- By what is the flavor of an ani mal's flesh determined? The sweetness of an animal's flesh Is doubtless determined by its food. I believe no ons eats the western road runner, though it is duller of color than the turkey. Its food is mice, snakes, lizards, centipedes and other vermin. (Rights reserved by Houghton Mif flin Co.) The Eternal Question. By Grace . Hall. Oh, surely memory was not given For holding earth events alone. To be obliterated quite In heaven. Where we would fail to know our own; But from the paths we walk together Shall we store up the autumn leaves Of memory that shall last forever, Else mortal logic false deceives. Say you no soul shall know a sorrow In that blest realm beyond death's door? Then try to think that some tomor row Shall find us parted evermore: That you may follow paths ofgIad ness Through vistas canopied with bloom. Would you forget and know no sad ness. Remembering my pain and gloom? It is not logic, this fo.getting. The objects loved so dearly here. How could the heart feel no regret ting. No anguish for the burning tear? And if the ties of earth are riven. Some loved one left in paths of sin. How can there be real Joy in heaven For thoBe who may have entered In? Ah! If on earth ou- hearts are broken By loss of one we deeply love, What of eternal grief unbroken 1f9 one be missing up above? There is no answer. Silence ever! But still we ask, as thinke.'- must; And when death comes, some tie to sever, ' We still our questioning with trust. In Other Days. Twenty-Five Years Ago. From The Oregonian of October 26, 1805. The Tacoma football team arrived, in the city last night to play a game witn tne Portland Amateur Athletic club. The game will commence at 3 P. M. today at Portland field. Eugen? The 10th annual meeting of the Oregon Baptist state conven tion was called to order Wednesday evening. Tne president. C. A. Wobddy, presided General Beebe, Major C. H. Mc-' Isaacs and Major H. E. Mitchell left last nignt for Ashland to inspect the company of the second regiment in that city. A suit of the Northwest Flour & Shipping company to compel V. Kralz to consummate a purchase of $4o0 worth of stock in the planitiff cor poration was begun yesterday in Judge McGinn's court. Fifty Years Aero. From The Oregonian of October 26, 1870. The Washington guard had their annual target shooting near the Red rhouse yesterday. William Young won the first prize, presented by W. F. Ladd. Salem The Portland charter amend ment passed the house last night by a vote of 29 to 14. The bell for the new city clock over the Oddfellows' temple arrived on the steamship California and will soon be placed in the tower. Salem Governor Grover vetoed the bill increasing the salanies of judges of the supreme court and the circuit court from 8i!000 to J300Q. Dlsretipect to Anthem Observed. . PORTLAND. Oct. 25. (To the Ed itor.) It certainly is a shame the way the people of Portland have forgot ten, for I am sure that it was not a ease of disrespect or intentional dis honor for the American anthem. But to see fully one-third of the audience at the municipal auditorium get up and start U leave, begin talking, etc., while the organist was playing "The Star-Spangled Banner" was to one who has worn the O. D. and learned the respect due this emblem moat pitiful.. Although the war is over and the boys are back in their "civies." the same respect and honor should be given the national anthem. I do not think Portland is any more lax than any other city, but let us be more thoughtful in the future. To have people talking and crowding by you while you are at "attention," and theo have taem encore seems very regrettable. If necessary, let someone announce: "We will close by all standing while the organist plays. 'The Star-Sj angled Banner.' " Then there will be no excuse for their saying, like the schoolboys de so often. "Oh. I forgot!" JOHN R. KELSEY. Drop In Eatlns Advised. New York Sun. " One of Mr. Edison's useful acts on his seventy-third birthday was to warn against overeating. He doesn't eat more than a pound and a half of food in a day. One ounce for each hour keeps him ' going and he goes some! Too many men eat a heavy breakfast because it is to them a Bort of prehistoric ceremonial. They eat a generous luncheon for business rea sons. They go In heartily for dinner because it is a social function. If what Edison says-is true, that Amer ica could reduce its food consumption two-thirds, what a drop there would be-in the cost of living if all Ameri cans decided to get along on just enough to keep the physical fires burning briB.htljr. " T5"