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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 20, 1920)
10. THE MORXXXO OTITIS". I, ?V TTTST,! t. tY"wi ttiVVtttttt 2ilUl UUIU VSityl'll " . KsTABUSHEir-pv.HBNRY L. PITTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. 1S. Sixth Hired, i-oriiana. C. A. MOKDC.N, -E. B. PIPER. Manager. Editor. The Orca;onia.n is a member of the Asso elaud Press. The Associated Press i exclusively entitled to the use for publica tion of all nta dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited -in mis p All I a!su the lucal news published berein. rivals of republication of special dispatches believes ha cannot he nominated by , the Iwi'.u are albO reserved. republican convention. Not ii' the bosses I hold heir grip on it. Astoria Budget. "feu l.i riptiou Kales Invariably in Advance. Well, then, why not address your ' , iByMaii.).'. .... demands for the nomination of Mr. taily. Sunday Included, one year o - Ijiiny. Sunday included, six months . . a i Hoover to the bosses who hold their Ualty, Sun.Uy Included, three months.. ---- j , fa democratio convention? 1 -ny. suiiduy Included, one month . , . , Wuy. without Sunday, one year ...... !ils the boss; any the less a boss be- ti.y, without Sunday. u months .... J .... j h j democrat and not a Liaii.v. without Sunday, ope month ,,. ... - ... . Vt erKiy. one year - -J j republican ? Yet you will have a Sundij. one year - 'M hard time convincing your demo- r any. Sunday indued"' "year ... . too I cratio newspaper, faking ..non-Par. ijaiiy Sunday included, three months. . . .J-Jjj ' ttsanship It does not feel, that there uaiiy'. Sunday .nciuded. one month such creature .s a democratic Lai. y. w.llit.ut Sunday, one year . Jjally, without Sunday, tnree hi""".- "Z- i.uiii ii imt numtj v. one month .. o How to BCmlt Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin ' 7,urrent".y, "Z at owners risk. (jive poatoffice address Ii full, including county and state. . Postage Kate 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent. 18 to pases. 2 cents; 84 to 4 Paees. o cents; 50 to pages. 4 cents. pages, 5 cents;' H2 l pasea. oenta. Foreign postage, uouble rates. Eastern Business of rtee-Verree A Conk lln, Urunswitk building. New Vork; Verree Conklin. Steger building. Chicago; Ver--ee & Conklin, Krce 1'resn building, De troit. Mich. San Kranclaco representative. K. J. Bl.lwell. " - The seemingly exceptional storm record of the past few days will be impressed on people both because of the number ofjives lost and because of the speedy occurrence of one fatal storm after another. Following the dust storm In Kansas, which, literally blew the wheat out of the ground, besides stripping whole farms of their top soil. - thus reducing large numbers of fanners to poverty, the recent visitations give the impression that the world is growing stormier as it grows older. But we are re minded by reference to the- records that whirlwinds have been- by no means uncohimon in the past; "any of the older residents of -the middle west will tell us how he used"lo live In constant dread of cyclones; . the "cyclone cellar" was a permanent in stitution in the life of the people. It is true also that storms quite com monly came in series, and often at this time of year." Their paths have been defined in general terms, But these have always been subject to modifications according to the freak . t f n al'c ,.r iniiviiiitnl disturbances. The feature of the recent tofna ) docs that has attracted attention to them has been the large loss "Of lite . - . . ! .. 1. lU I. At! ana properly invoiveu. , out, una 'been due to the settlement oi me country. Before the building of the I'acific railroads was begun the name etorm or even a worse one would l;ave passed unnoticed. In the inter mediate era of development, the cy clone to be considered remarkable -was required to transport a grind . Etone across a river, or perform some oddity that elevated- it above the ordinary run. But now, with growth of population, cities and towns, are increasingly getting themselves in the 'way. As houses multiply, chances i 1 . .. . ... r.,A..A f II. am utll Vl O mat cine ui ni'j i v.. inu'w ..... demolished are increased. Facili ties for disseminating news also are improving. The storm in a desert ;is only the potential subject for a painting; the tornado in a thickly populated region becomes, according "to its immediate effect on human in terests, a tragedy of greater or lesser - import. - ' .. A... . . . hn..n nirlffi in : any consequential degree by the ele ment of safety in choosing its abid ing places. The slopes of Vesuvius are still dotted with . halitations, as they were in Pliny's'day. The people s of the Mississippi valley cannot plead . mi i . , . - ti n n n n I nun nntici mat . cyclonic disturbances, mostly orlgl s. Bating in the Gulf of Mexico, mov ing westward and northward and liieii mi iini iiui tn.u.ot u-ii. i. ..e 'their force on. their way to Kliropc, ' tvere not likely to occur on any to attract and to hold settlers be cause they contain opportunities for the kind of life that these people crave, and though we devise few- improved methods for combating the elements, there is. no perceptible movement away from the locality on this account. -.: . Some progress, but not a great deal, is being made in construction of buildings as an offset to the vio , lence of nature, .though nothing that v puny man can do is likely to be f effective against a genuine twister. The solider the "building, the greater the havoc when it is destroyed. We may perfect a better system of wam- ings and a speedier way of dissem inating them, but these will need to t be almost superhumanly . perfect to be worth a great deal, and such are the idiosyncrasies of middle western rtorais that it is likely , that people after being falsely warned a number of times will come to ignore them altogether. The cry of "Wolf! wolf!" when there is yno wolf always has the classical ' effect. Such was be ginning to be the experience of cities in the path of air raids toward the close of the war. Familiarity breeds contempt. People only in theory are willing to take the precautions neces sary to the preservation or their lives. , The one practical development that - etands out in storm devastation is storm insurance. The individual may not be willing to do much to guard 'Jiis life, but he will answer the ap peal to protect his property. Com- - inanities subject to the hazard of annihilation are increasingly adopt - ing measures to spread out the logs so that it may be bearable. 'Thus the growing social spirit manifests itself, but individual recklessness stands where it stood 1840 years ago. There are fertile regions on the globe where cyclones are unknown, but ... there is no rush otj population t ' them. Fighting the storm is only " part of the everyday work of men. The trouble with the suggestion that we should all eat Jerusalem, arti chokes as ah offset to the high price of potatoes is that there are few if any artichokes to be had.' If the forehanded had' bethought ' them selves a year ago, there might have been a different tale now; there would have .been no so-called potato famine if the unusual tuber had been substituted for the commoner one. and consequently no high prices for potatoes and no occasion to'resort to . substitutes. But it would have been as easy to plant more potatoes in the first instance. The artichoke the oretically, is the approximate equal of the potato in food value. It was ' common enough as a soup vegetable a generation ago, but in spite of its ! firr,at Productivity it did not claim la place in kitchen economy. It is j not easv to chane-e. a fashion in eat- 1 ing and it lg not eitsy to beileVe that the artichoke will "ever become rival of the potato in this country. BOSSKS AND BOSSES. Mark Sullivan,- who ' is a keen political anatyat. declares that the beat elementa of citizenship are for Hoover -and yet ho L,JC1' The call for Hoover has a non- partisan impulse, much of It genuine, much of It 8ptirious. Papers like the Budget will have much' to say about the base betrayal of the people if Hoover shall not be named at Chicago, nothing If he is ignored at .San . Francisco. Tet the apparent collapse of the Hoover movement within the democratic party followed spedily the discovery that he. is not a democrat. There is no non-partisanship in the democratic party, not even, at the White House. There is only the semblance of it in demo cratic papers which employ it from partisan motives to hurt the oppo sition.' party. True; some of them have been agreeable to" the naming " of Mr. Hoover by the democrats; but It is the tnly way they see of defeating the republican nominee. Any port in a storm,. any club in a fight.-. But if the democrats had a democrat who could win the presidency, you would hoar nothing from any little Budget , abaut the fitness of Hoover for the presidency. . WKT OR IRY? Hir,am Johnson may carry the re publican primary in Nebraska to day, or Leonard Wood, or General I'ers.hing. There arc certain favored spots where Hiram finds fertile ground for. his special propaganda of condemnation of the league of na tions and damnation of the wicked ness of all opposing-candidates; and Nebraska .is one of them. What ever -happens there will find us rec onciled to the worst, or elated at the Jest. Our real concern about Ne braska is not with the republicans. but with the democrats... , In that fair prairie state where rolls, - or trickles, the Platte. Mr. Bryan lives and has his political be ing. So does Senator Hitchcock. Mr. Bryan is a candidate fop dele gate to the national convention. There need be no surprise, ar ex citement, over such an announce ment, since Mr. Bryan is always a candidate for something. But this year- Nebraska is not in a mood to yield to the demands of the state democracy to deliver Itself into his hands without reservation.' Possibly it is because the democracy does not like the word reservation; or, more likly, it is disposed to, stop and consider what Mr. Bryan pur poses to do . at San Francisco. He frankly tells. This time Mr. Bryan Is going to make war on the wicked rum trust as represented in the per son of that arch political bacchana lian, Hitchcock. The senator is wet: Mr. Bryan is not. He is not even moist. But the democratic party-is. alas! not entirely cured of its thirst, which began in the long-ago but not forgotten days of free whiskey. " If Mr. Bryan wins, it means that the artless scheme of having the democratic platform squint at a cer tain looseness in the enforcement of prohibition will have rough sledling. If he loses, the wets will take their triumphant way to San Francisco, and say something pleasant4n the platform- about light wines and beer. SKI.r-DKTER.MINATION FOR ALASKA. We hear much about self-deter munition for Egypt, Ireland, Arme nia. Syria . and other countries, but why notself-determination for Alas ka? WhTle' the death battalion has been fulminating about the wrongs of those distant peoples, it has had nothing to say of the wrongs suf fered by Americans in the far north though they, as the last of the pio neers, should have a superior claim. When the gold discoveries of the Klondike, Fairbanks and Nome and the copper discoveries of Copper river drew tens of thousands of men to Alaska, it was hoped that mining would be the precursor of develop ment of all the other wealth; of the far north. The miner has ever been 'the forerunner of the farmer, the cattleman, the fruitgrower, the lum berman and the manufacturer, bring ing in their train the full organiza tion of civilized life. So it was in California, Oregon, Idaho. Montana and Colorado. So it would have been in Alaska if the govern ment-4iad done for it what was done for the states mentioned. But soon after Nome. was discov ered the conservationists appeared on the scene, and they got a grip on Alaska which has not yet been broken. The government sent no officials to that territory with au thority to decide anything except that settlers should not be permitted to use the land. Anybody who want ed to tie up anything found a ready eaf at Washington. The big game hunters won protection for the great brown bear, of the Alaska peninsula in order that they might have the pleasure sof chasing and killing him. But if any body of men wanted to develop a coal mine or an oil well or to cut timber or to improve a harbor by building a wharf, the cry of "corporation" or "landgrabber" was raised, and-they were -hounded by investigators and inspectors. Au thority over Alaskan affairs was so finely divided among many bureaus at Washington that nothing could be done without referring to one of them, and some other usually found encroachment on its authority, while the conservationists warned them all to beware of the corporation buga boo.' So much time was thus spent in discussion and referring things to and fro that the men who wanted to do something , tired of waiting and left Alaska to its solitude.' Thus the northern territory is being strangled by a bureaucracy more cruel than that of the czars at their worst. Not only Alaska but the whole Pa cific coast, in fact the whole west, is interested in this matter. If j.hb coal and oil of that territory were developed, they weuld be added to the fuel supply and would lower the price, both for the cities and for ships. Great herds of reindeer and ! caribou could be raised to increase i tho mout eunnlv Tk .nnQ. e..H ' the help of Alaska as much as Alas- ka needs help. By the consideration which they have secured for recla mation,, western congressmen have proved that, when they unite, they have power. They should use that power on behalf of Alaska, that it may be emancipated from bureauc racy and be given real self-government with freedom to develop. A PROBLEM OF DISTRIBUTION. Attention has been so fastened on deficient production that deficient distribution has escaped its fair share of the blame for high prices. A few examples given by Alfred W. McCann to the New York Globe show that food supplies have .been scant and prices high as much because of fail ure to transport to market what was produced as because orvfailure to produce enough. In reality the work of producing a thing is not complete j until it. is put in the consumer's hands. Cabbage is rotting in southern Texas for lack of cars to transport it, while the price is $60 a ton on the farm, and New York is hungry for it.. ; Thousands of carloads of apples from the .Pacific northwest froze for. lack of cars or ships to carry them to the Atlantic coast. During the war thousands of tons of oranges, grapefruit and pineap pies rotted in Porto Rico. A man offered to make them into 10,000,000 pounds of jam for the army at the rate of 22 cents for 26-ounce cans. The war department could not ac cept because the shipping board could not supply ships for the short Atlanttc" voyage. The war depart ment' bought millions of pounds of jam In Tasmania, and the shipping board found vessels to carry it across the Pacific ocean to San Francisco, where it was unloaded, then reloaded on other vessels for shipment through the Panama canal to France. That jam cost 32 cents for 16 ounces. A large part of the high cost of living is due to defective transpor tation. It leaves good food to rot or to be fed to hogs, and it thereby discourages farmers from producing as much food as they might, Jf every farmer who grows that which the public taste demands could be sure of cars to transport it and of quick delivery, he would grow more. nd consumers at the destination would buy it if the price were mod crate. The farmer must now have a high price because he can only sell as much of his crop of perish ables as the railroads can carry; if he could sell the whole crop, the price would be lower. Despite the outcry about famine in Eirrope and about decreased pro duction, the world probably pro duces enough food for all its inhab itants if the system of distribution were so near to perfection as- to carry food from the place which ha: u surplus to that which has a short age. The job cannot be done by a shipping board or a railroad admin istration or by railroad companies which have not money enough to buy cars. A FAIYIIFl-I, FKIF.Nn OF TIIK KEDS. The order of Assistant Secretary of Labor Post that Victor and Julia Saulit, Russian communists held for deportation in Portland,' be released on $1000 bail .each shows that no amount of public condemnation can shake Mr. Post's determination to stand by the reds to the end. Yicto. Saulit wns a delegate to the com munist convention last September which affiliated with the third in ternational, organized ' by the Rus sian terrorists to revolutionize Ihe world, and his wife is a fit helpmate to hlni. But they are to be set free to renew their efforts at destruction. Mr. Post only follows precedents which he has set in similar cases. The whole story of one such case was given by Representative Albert Johnson In his speech in the house a week ago to support his statement that "wherever there was a doubt they, (the department of labor) have resolved in favor of the aliens." This was the case of Paul Bosco, a Rus sian, who was convicted under the espionage act during the war and sentenced to .the Atlanta peniten tiary. United States District Attor ney Stewart of Martinsburg, W. Va., wrote to Attorney General Palmer that Bosco .was considered such a dangerous character by the labor or ganlzationn Morgantown, W. Va., "that he was ejected bodily from its headquarters, and his former as sociates came in numbers to Parkers burg to testify against him." When sentenced, he "defiantlyi announced to the court that he hoped that when he' would be released from the At lanta penitentiary he would find the red flag waving above the American flag." Mr. Stewart urged that on his release Bosco be immediately deported, and a copy of this letter was sent by the department of jus tice to the labor department. ' Bosco was arrested upon his re lease and at the 'deportation hearing he admitted having expressed -the hope to see the red flag wave above the American flag. Being asked: "Do you srlll hope ; that?" he an swered: "Yes." The inspector's find ing was: . Allen eaya he does not belong to any organization of anarchists, hut his declara tion as to what he does believe in aa to government and enforcement of law to my mind constitutes positive proof that he Is an anarchist of the worst type. . Bosco was ordered detained at New Orleans and an, order of deportation was signed July 25, 1919, by John W. Abercrombie, then acting secre tary of labor. Then the National Civil Liberties bureau, composed of radicals, sent a lawyer to obtain Bos co's release ,on bail and when- his importunities did not avail, it em ployed Harry Weinberger, frienjJ of Emma Goldman, who specializes on turning revolutionists loose. He re peatedly and insolently demanded, of the immigration bureau that Bosco be admitted to $1000 bail, but that demand was refused. He finally reached the sympathetic Mr. Post and got the kind of action he wanted A letter was prepared by the immi gration bureau for Mr. Post's sig nature on March 25, 1920, which said: The department after a careful reviaw of the facts in his case. Is unable to grant your request for his (Boaco's) release under bond of 1000. In view of the ac tivities of Bosco, atadins; up to Ills con viction and prison sentence of two yeara a?o, the department caVinot consider his release under bond in a aum of lees than 5OO0. But that letter was not sent. It was returned to the Immigration bu reau with this notation signed by Mr. Post: Application of alien's attorney In letter J of March S? - ,'?.""'" " u ' in?o. for reopening, transfer to Ki!it Island and re'eate on granted. Bosco h transfer to Bosco had been clamoring for transfer to New York, and wes given a trip at the expense of the govern- a inn at me expense ot tne suvern- ment to the center of red activity and the place where Weinberger could conveniently appear for him. When such consideration was shown to a blatant red like Bosco, the Saulits had no cause to fear that : they would be held in prison. While Mr. Johnson was explaining : to the house the workings of Mr.' Post's rule always to give the alien the benefit of every doubt, signs 1 were not wanting that th democrats ! Are growing tired of carrying such ' . . . . . . : i RZr nf T.TnrAwd J'el nuesl' , I lions which were evidently designed to fasten responsibility on some of- ficial of tihe department of labor for! the immunitv enloved by the reds. 1 Affairs are growing ripe for im peachment, but Mr. Johnson was cautious and made no direct charge. Hia committee's search in the files ! of the labor department is doubtless lelied on for a mass of evidence to support its case. THE CRKAT LAKF.8 WATERWAY. Congestion of railroads and high cost of transportation and transfer from car to ship have turned new attention to the projectfor construc tion of a ship canal from the Atlantic I ocean through the St. Lawrence river and the great lakes to the head of Lake Superior at the joint expense of the United States and Canada. Sec retary of State Lansing last January asked the international joint com mission to inquire Into the matter and report to both countries. The scheme is promoted by fourteen of the middle western states and has been indorsed by Secretary of the Navy DanieU?, Secretary of the In terior Payne. ex-Secretary of the In terior Lane, General Leonard Wood and Herbert Hoover. With such a weight of authority behind it, it should receive serious consideration both by congress and the Canadian parliament. . The strongest point In favor of the project is that an all-water route would save one-third of thei present cost of carrying wheat from Superior and Duluth to Liverpool, which now amounts to 50 cents a bushel and is deducted from the Liverpool price in arriving at the farmer's price. A low water depth of 25 feet is proposed, permitting use of the Welland canal, which has already been enlarged to that depth, but estimates are also to be made for a 30-foot channel. A pre-war estimate of the cost for thirty feet was $142,489,657, but thei present cost would greatly exceed this sum. Incidentally a great water power would be developed, that of the St. Lawrence above St. Regis being estimated at 1.764,00 horse power actually delivered, while there is a fall of 222 feet with a mean dis charge of 241.000 cubic feet between the foot of' Lake Ontario and MontL-eal. Advantages expected from this work are relief from congestion at the port of New York, where cars often wait many days Jo be unloaded; relief of railroads from congestion during the crop-moving season: cheap electric power for northern snd central New York state and much of the middle west and Canada, with great economy of fuel, larger production and cheaper distribution of farm products. When so costly a rroject is ser iously entertained for the purpose of enabling ships to. penetrate pjr in land, some idea is, conveyed of the advantages of Portland's position at the head of deep navigation on the Columbia river. Compared with the cost Of the great lakes waterway, that of eliminating the Columbia river bar obstruction and of improv ing and maintaining Ui channel is trifling. The great area and wealth of the Columbia basin, from which traffic drains to Portland, compares well with those of any . one of the several ports on the great lakes and SU Uwrence river lo "which ships would go. New evidence is thus grven of the truth that the point of transfer from land to water transpor tation is the farthest point inland to which . an ocean-going vessel can penetrate. A whirlwind that lifted a chicken house, at Boyd cannot be given the dignity of a tornado. Those twisters are frequent but not often heard of, as there is nothing in their way. The lure of spring was too much or a trusty at the penitentiary wood camp yesterday. "As he was from Baker most likely he missed the smell of the sagebrush. Forty thousand restaurant waiters in Berlin have gone on strike. Re gardless of the merits of the. contro versy, it must be admitted that they waited to tne very last. 'Hitchcock. Bryan and the blizzard were the chief points of interest yes terday and two will subside by to night, perhaps. With cherries starting at 15 "cents on contract at The Dalles there is no chance in sight for cheap cher ries this year. Of what good is conviction here of an alien enemy when the long arm of Assistant Secretary Post can reach to his rescue? Pullm-rj fares go up next month, but the rates of "George" will con tinue at minimuta'and maximum as depends. Statement 4s made that it costs $18,000,000 a day to run this gov ernment. Is it any wonder, consid ering? . Portland .can stand "showers" to morrow, Mr. Weatherman Wells, but uo rain, please. Have a heart! But do not forget that the stock dividends of today may be the wa tered stock of tomorrow. The overallers had to quit. Prob ably, if the truth were- known, their wives objected. The tree with the most bloom does not mature the most fruit. Same way in politics. Everybody is drawing his own in Berlin with 40.000 waiters on strike. Women who have not registered must do so today. Also men. Real history is in the making in Nebraska today. ' , iHRAT C OM'IH ACY DISCOVKHKU i Ilenvbliracs ( u;:r With Konlerlsa II. . I., fur I'ullfical Purpoaea. I'OHVALLIS, April lb. (To the Ed-( v . . . . . .-, .-.in jo. . m i itor.)-Mn thSe days of industrial un-1 rest we are frequently reminded by the papers that- the public is the real victim of the walkouts, that it is the poor unoffending public that is ' the goat during then ti'.ti between ' the employers and the ei.iployes. This! is quite the truth. This situation is comparable to the present strife between the democratic i and the republican parties. It Is a . widely accepted fact that big busl- ; nes" men as a rule affiliate with the ; republican party. It might Just as ! "aVe bee" the other wa' but - . ... history the movement started toward I Its present status. ; In spite of the fact that the demo-: cratic party, by extremely poor judg- ment and numerous blunders, has be littled and rulnad itself In the public eye, the republicans are doing every thinfir in their nower further to em- barrass that party. The chief method used in accomplishing this end is for their big business men to refrain ab solutely from co-operation with the administration programme for re ducing the high cost of living. Their aim is to t.alt till a republican is made president, then co-operate to the fullest extent possible. This will naturally have the effect of making the public well satisfied with the republican administration, and will extend the period of that party's power. But who Is the goat while the re publicans and the democrats strive for the administration of our coun try's government? It Is no other than the poor unoffending public. The public pays the skyhigh prices for everything Including the necessities of life, and grumbles at the adminis tration that Is unable to stem the outrage. This lack of co-operation of the republicans Is a direct result of a plan to embarrass the democrats. Soaring prices are a direct result of this lack of co-operation. Our indus trial unrest la a direct result of the soaring prices while wages remain practically stationary. The present country-wide spread of the revolu tionary spirit is a direct result of these fertile hotbeds of unrest., livery one passes the buck on to some one else and we have as a result a gigan tic mess that only th election may unscramble. It is obvious that only a republican victory in the coming election will bring peace to - our troubled national organization. It Is certainly a deplorable, state of affairs that demands that we Ameri can citizens be subjected to such rotten methods of a political party to attain its end. C. IL McCAKLIN. llOMi UllV BUT MORU I'ROSPKROl S Writer I.Ikes Dollars Better Tkis the Drinks lie lard to t.rt. PORTLAND. April 19 (To the Edi tor.) I have read in The Oregon Ian a letter by Ii. A. Linscott in regard t a. the liquor question. Me seems to think that a great injustice has been done to the people of America through the abolishment of liiiuor. For my part 1 think that when a per son doesn't know what is best for him it is time for some one to teach him. Who ever was benefited by liquor? Surely not .the man who used it or his family eltlier. I.et the wives of former drunkards have their say and they would hang J. B. higher than llamun. Mr. Linscott talks about prohibi tion filling our jails. There is more room in our jails nos than during wet times. There are some who dis obey the laws any time but thore are fewer crimes both physical and moral now than before. Booze has made mora criminals. Idiots and vagabonds than anything else unless it is the traffic in drugs. Where today can you find a man but who has not a few dollars In his jeans whereas In former times the liquor traffic had It? How much bet- ter are labor conditions than during wet tlmcsl If prohibition should -lose its control and liquor return, how long would it be before wages would take a tumble? When a man Is broke and hungry he will work for what he can get and he Isn't very particular about working conditions either. Capitalism Is quick to take advantage of such conditions. I have drunk as much as any other but you can take It from me. I'm not sitting behind a stove singing "How Dry 1 Am." I'm out after the dollars of prosperity which prohibi tion has brought to America. IL HALL. 237 Fast Sixtieth street. Baby Homes In Portland. ALBANY, Or., April IS. (To the Editor.) 1. How many baby homes are there In Portland? 2. What are the names of the different homes? 3 Are the children; for adoption in the homes? 4. Are there any baby homes in any other city in OretronT A RKADKIl. 1. There are three large homes and several smaller private ones. 2. Al bertlna Kerr nursery, Waverley Baby home, the Buby home. 3. You should Inquire of the' superintendents of the institutions and xthey will tell you which babies need permanent homes. Some are kept only temporarily. 4. The principal one outside of Portland is the St. Agnes Foundling homo at Parkplace, near Oregon City. Slcolflcasre of "Sterling." PORTLAND, April 19. (To the Edi tor.) When silverware bears the name "sterling." is this word a sign of valuation or is it only the trade mark or manufacturers' mark? Sterling refers to the quality of the silver and' Indicates the alloy. 925 parts of silver to 75 parts of copper legally fixed as the standard of fine ness of British silver coinage. The term has no reference to the manufac turer and is derived from English ex pressions, such as "pound sterling" and "penny sterling." Pronunciation of IVames. PORTLAND. April 18. (To the Edi tor.) Kindly give the pronunciation of Governpr Lowden's name, also Tumulty's. . SUBSCRIBER. Governor Lowden's name Is ac cented on the first syllable which Is pronounced to rhyme with low. The name of the president's secretary Is accented on the first syllable with the short sound -of "u" Tum-ul-ty. Dinner First I Then Oratory. Washington (D. C.) Star. "At a political banquet." said Sen ator Sorghum. "Jt's always best to wait until after the eating Is over before bringing on the speakers." "What's the difference?" "If you started the speaking too i -1 t hur would be n rhanfp of having everybody's appetite spoiled by remarks from one sourcs or an- otbr. Red Cross Headqnsrtera- CARLTON. Or., April IS. (To theiand lB registered at the Imperial Editor.) fiease puonsn tne aaaress i at the present time of the Portland chapter of the American Red Cross. AN OLO SLUSLT.1BER. Red Cros --.dquarters ars In the Worcester building. Those Who Ccme and Go, ... . . . , alrpenelnweJf 0ut of commUsion cauae of bursting shells. To pre ir the br rausp of buratinar shells. To prevent jt going into a nose dive. Charles W. Garland. Portland lawyer, crawled out on the fusilage and managed to halunce tn machine so that it second battle of the Somme. In 1918. I Although escaping with his life. Mr. Garland's heart speeded up to 200 pulsations a minute, but when he , arrived in Portland yesterday, after ' an absence of three year's, his heart was hitting along at 70. Mr. Garland : fouirht in the air with the Italian forces seven months before being sent nvifv wi.n vna im ai.i ... . and during his entire service he never used nor saw an American plane nor a Liberty motor. He is one of the j few aviators who admits he doesn't i know whether he brought down an enemy plane. "I was in several dog fights, and enemy machines fell, but whether I got any I don't know." says he.. "Anyway. I never received credit for shooting them down." Mr. Gar- land Intends living in Seattle and may be manager of traffic for the muiiicl- pal street railway system, a po-jtion i for which he has been Indorsed. "Eighty - five restaurants have opened in San Francisco in the past three months. The competition was getting too plentiful, so I sold out and came back to Portland, after an absence of 12 years." says J. O. Wick ham, who was known as "Red." when he was running the California Kitch en on Washington street in those days.. "All the good corners which were formerly occupied by saloons in San Francisco have been turned Into eating places, which, I under stand, was the same transltron in Portland when Oregon went dry. I've discovered this since my return: the rents on Washington street are as high or higher than they are on Market street. San Francisco, the greatest street in the world, with a few exceptions." There was a time when D. Cormier was a traveling talesman, who cov ered a large territory, had to catch trains at unearthly hours and eat in country hotels where the eating wasn't particularly good. But Mr. Cormier determined he wouldn't spend his lifetime on the road, so he turned over a new leaf and took a chance. s"electlnif Lebanon. Or., as the scene of his enterprise. Now he owns a store at Lebanon, and a dandy farm in Linn county and is decidedly pros perous. He is in town and is at ths Hotel Portland, which was his head quarters when he was carrying sam ples. It Isn't every man who can brag of owning 700 bakeries, but that is the claim of John F. Berry of Okla homa, who Is an arrival at the Ben son. Mr. Berry has a circuit of these new-f anir'.ed bakeries scattered across the continent grinding out loaves of bread, and if the output of a week could be assembled in one spot it would have the appearance of a young mountain. There must be money in these bakeries, for an assistant bank cashier In Seattle quit his job to run an automatic bakery and now he is making more money than his former boss, the bank president. One of the troubles of being a suc cessful Walla Walla (Wash.) rancher is the flock of automobile salesmen who must be beaten off with clubs. Every auto salesman knows that a Walla Wa'la rancher is Just smeared with the filthy lucre and makes a bee line for the rancher to sell him a 4 high-priced car as soon as the rancher sticks his nose out. lieu t.rote was having a perfectly lovely time at the P.enson yesterday until the news leaked out that he is a Walla Walla rancher, and then he had to flee from the salesmen. K. P. Dodd. who was representative for Umatilla county In the l'.'U and j J, imperial. At home .Mr. IJod'.l "is a 1920 sessions of the legislature, is at councilman in the town of Dermis ton. After the special session he considered being a candKIate again, but did not fil. Another legislator in town-yesterday was Ii. 1. lallngh. who represents Columbia county and who Is a candidate for the nomination again In the coming republican pri maries. About 10 per cent of the population of Gateway. Or.. Is in Portland, so that Gateway, in Jefferson county, must have somewhat tho appearance of a deeertcd village. The wanderers from Gateway are Mr. and Mrs. Bid well Crane and Raymond Horiean, at the Imperial, and Louie Larson, J. lloltrr. 11. L. and H. I'rlday. at the, Multnomah. "Spring Is here and Sunday was sucb a perfect day that the feet of the Inmates Just Itch to get out." stat ed L. H. Compton. the new warden of the Oregon penitentiary, who was at the Benson yesterday. "Wo had an elopement this morning. One of the oys who had only two more months to serve couldn't resist the call of spring, and he beat It from the wood camp." A. C. Mower of New York, man ager for the advertising department of the American Tobacco company, and J. H. Nightingale of Han Fran cisco, vice-president- and assistant general manager of the I'acific coast department, arrived at the Multnomah yesterday with Mrs. Mower and Mrs. Nightingale. From the kelp-strewn bay of San Diego, where submarines bub on the waves and hydroplanes whirl ovcr head.h:omes F. K. Test, a Standard Oil man. to Portland. Mr. Test has been transferred to the Hose City, and will establish his residence here. He arrived yesterday at the Benson. Stevenson Jones, who manages one of the big hatels in Victoria. B. C.s is registered at the Hotel Portland, but isn't at the hotel much, because Manager Richard Childs is guiding him over the highway and around the town so that he will have some thing to talk about when he return to Vancouver island. Much delighted with Portland and the arrangements belner made to turn it into Mecca for the Shrine pilgrims in June, E. L. Garretson of Tacoms has checked out of the Hotel Oregon and returned home. Mr. Garrotson is way up in the Shrine. He is ' the imperial potentate, the president of the commercial club and sells apples wholesale, so it will be seen that G. W. McCullagh of Hood River is a pretty busy man. He ha been at the Benson while in Portland on business. t Formerly J. P. Welbourna of Par mea, Idaho, shipped his livestock to the market at Seattle, but now he patronizes the yards in Portland. Mr. Welbourne Is at the Perkins while closing up a stock deal concerning his current shipment. One of the big sheep owners of ths Lexington country is H. L. McAllister, who is at ths Perkins for a few days. T. H. Gaulke, president of the bank at Joseph, is a visitor in Portland Manager C. R. Hlckey of the Idanha hotel at Nampa, Idaho, is at the Hotel Portland. T. A. Mitchell, a manufacturer of San FrancUco, is at the Multnomah. 1 CRIME WAS IX BEIXG FOfXD OUT Critlrlam of Mary aid Hon a Gael Merely to Appearance of Tfc Ins; a. PORTLAND. April 19. (To the Editor.) It's an old saying that peo- nle m-lll never iret nervous Drostra- tlon over what they don't know. The Plckford - Fairbanks episode Illus trates that perfectly. The Oregonian's correspondents who have been con demning Alary seein to forget tha-i what they really are censuring is not her behavior per se. but the violation of the "aDDearance of things", the notoriety of it. the fact thai the "thing came, out." what worries most of Mary's former admirers is the fact that they have found out something. If the hadn't rnmo out. thev would have gone on admiring hfr to the end oi time, vnc w .-..ii .i.i..ix. sa-s She would not lie indienant about Mary's conduct had Mary "gotten her divorce in California and waited a year." Of course, a thins that is : wrong or in bad taste now will be . perfectly right and proper after ' twelve -months have passed. Doesn't ,'it all depend on "what is done", rather J than on the conduct itself .', I People want their neighbors to do thinga the way "things are done". that la. in the regular, established way. simply because they've gotten used to that way of doing and don't like to have their mental habits dis- urbed. Anthropologists and social psychologists long ago discovered that custom and eonvention can sanc tion anything. Mary made the mis take of frankly being too much her self and not allowing for people's pre judices in favor of outward appear ance. As to no longer taking the children to the movies to see Mary, that will be no particular hardship on Mary or anybody else. She has made her fortune. Artistically also she reached the apex of-her career some years ago. Since then her acting has shown a steady decline. The children like wise will not miss much, for other stars can easily be found to take Mary's place. She is after all not so wonderful but that the trick can be easily lexirned. Her successors are to be found by the hundreds in movie dom. The formula for success is very simple. Acquire a few "cute" man nerisms and get good publicity. Then in a remarkably short time there will be a new "sweetheart" of the-movie public which is la rge-hearted and J not very discriminating or critical. As for the bad effect of Miry s divorce episode ' upon the children "American Mother" need not worry about that. With all the details of divorce cases published daily in every newspaper In the land, American children have come to regard marital Jangles as a regular part of life, liur youth for its years is the most soph isticated in the world. An additional divorce scandal vr two like the I'lckford-Kairhanks affair brine no new thrills. What human beings see and hear daily no longer strikes either adults or children as exciting; It Is astounding what the human race j can get used to and survive. THOMrf KIMBALL. WHAT OF" IHOLATF.U FARM WIKKf Ifrr Pliant Compared With That of Rnrsl School Teacher. PORTLAND. April 13. i To the Editor.) rl read the letter of "A For mer Teacher," who complains about the social isolation in small towns and gives this as a reason for teach ers quitting the profession. I would like to bring forth a new topic on the strength of this isolation. If the small town teacher complains about Isolation, what cross complaint is the fanner's wife milled to maKe? 1 do not mean the. farmer's wife who owns an automobile and lives on a good road near a tow n, but the iso lated farmer's wife. who. because slit lives in an isolated piaee, is not bene fited by the money she pas in for road ta.xes. And she Is not extinct, only ignored. Her Case e-eems so hopeless that sho do not blossom out Is print, hut tries to shoulder her burden, hoping to get by without notice. Her horizontal vision is the farm fence. Her work is spread over 12 hours a day. seven days a week and 52 weeks in a year, with extra work on Sundays. She has int el 1 ience ;uid used to lie up to date and in lois of cases a teacher, but as the years pass by her she U niven such titles as "narrow-minded," - "s.elnsh" and "un sociable." If the farmer can afford a man to help him, it means anather one ad, led to cook for and wash for. as farm help is taken into the family and rather Utah see even the standard cleanliness outraacd she docs the ex tra work with or without complaint. Instead of Joining tho parent teacher association she rnitht read a book or do some fancy work in the evenings, but she is always conscious of thu fact that she really ought to darn socks or patcli. Wo read about the electric lighted farms, also the machines created to make life easy for the farm wife, but we do not read abouj the many farm wives who pump all the water by hand, carry it in, mop,t scrub, bake, cook, wash. Iron, etc., without ma chinery or electricity, but aided by the knowledge that if their tired backs and bravns give out it is the. best they have to give. In most cases they do not blame the husband- as he really does all he can to help, but it is so little. If the teacher is really interested in her work she will find her social po sition offered to her in the community, but if she marries uti isolated fanner she gets a life sentence in isolation, as her channel of diversion will nar row down to the killins routine work of a convict. Jf tho teacher complains of her life it is one sweet dream when compared with the life of a farm woman. ONE OF THE HUMAN OXEN. PKKKKHKM K. AS TO ATTK UANTS Writer Would t'hooae Happy Gordon lUlhrr Thnn Ilia Detractors. FLORENCE. Or.. April 10. (To the Editor.) In The Oreeonian I notice a communication signed by "A commit tee of discharge 1 and resigned em ployes" of the atale hospital. As no complaint has been made of the be havior of the ex-prisoner in question, 1 think the superirtendent was per fectly riehi in the course he look. As to the committee, let me say it surely is composed of weaklings, or they would have been .glad to have extended a friendly hand to one who had erred, and lelped encourage him in "making good" instead of tryiiiK to push him down further. One thing is pure, they can find no authority for their conduct in the Master's .teachings, and the golden rule is beyond their comprehension. I would prefer the ex-prisoner to have charge of one of my fiieiids. rather than one of them. He se.-ms to have been trying to do right, while they did not seem to know- what right was. C. E. W. Tax on Land Only. RIDGEFIELD. Wash.. April IS. (Tb the Editor.) Please tell me how the single tax on land that they are now agitating for in the stale of Washington will work. Does it mean all other property will be exempt from taxation? T. M. WILSON. Single tax is what the words im ply one tax and one only. This tax would be applied to land. Under a full application of the doctrine all the value that in theory attaches to land by reason of the growth and improve ment of "he ' community would be taken in taxes for public use. In Other Days. Tweaty-FlTe Yeara Ago. From The Oreeonian. April 30. 1S3S. Washington In a letter to Secre tary of the Treasury Carlisle, Com missioner Miller of the internal reve nue bureau, estimates total income taxes throughout the country will bo $14,365,000. Yokohama Ratification of the treaty of peace between China and Japan will take place at Chee-Foo May S. A new detail made public pro vides that the indemnity is payable by China in seven years, and that Chi nese prisoners shall not be behead'-d. San Francisco Theodore Durant charged with the murder of Minnie Williams in the Kmanuel Baptist church by the verdict of the coroners' jury. Spokane Over three and one-half miles of empty boxcars are stowed away on the unused Seattle & Lake shore railroad line at Medical Lake. Fifty Years Alto. From Tho Oreeonian. April 20. 187n. Washington A resolution adopted by congress instructs the secretary of war to report, the number of Amer- j lean citizens murdered by Indians along the Mexican border during the past year. Laramie City Traffic was stopred on the Union I'acific for a time ve terday when a .herd of 2u00 buffalo crossed the track a short distance west of this place. Washington A bill passed, by con gress fixes the number of representa tives at 2S5 exclusive of representa tives of states to be hereafter au mitted. A lot of "fall clip" California wool received from the south by steamer recently was shipped np the Wil lamette yesterday for manufacture by domestic mills. IIIMLI OF A5VLIM IS t'OMMEXUKI) Yialtor From Xfir York Approves Stand In Happy Gordon Incident. PORTLAND. April 19. (To the Edi tor.) My first act after signing the hotel register the other day was to buy a copy of The Oregonlan. The first editorial I read is the first o:i the pase and lor tho wholesome spir of manhood of that article I wish to commend you. 1 am referring to the comments yon have to make regardinc one "Happy' Gordon or rather a reply to a commit tee of former associates of Mr. Gor don who are now wailing, not because they had I. .ken an uncharitable and hypocritical altitude, toward a mar. who'liad "come back" and is making Kood, but most obviously because they had lost their own positions throuph their own folly. Retributive justice, shall we snic.gcst? 1 would therefore, through you. ex press my commendation to the super intendent of the asylum who had the courage to stand by a man who had been able to take his place among useful citizens notwithstanding the handicap of a term in the pen. Perhaps I should add that I am not myself an ex-convict and have no present intentions of becoming one. with or without .he "ex." Neither am 1 a male variety of soh-slster Just a plain citizen who bates the littleness and meanness of those who pretend to be standing up for respectahiltt when in fact they are merely selfish ly tkilni; their bit to make life in ordinately hard for a fellow being. w. j. en: isiin. New York. i:r . in. i uiivr is imi-s sol. a if. Inahility off Poor tct trt IntosteaHfi Held f.oort Itcaxon for lrahlhltlon. ri.illTl.AMi. April 19. (To the Ed-" Itor.) -"While it is comparatively easy for the rich man to get liquor, it is very bard for the working class to get it." so says the writer of a letter to The Oregonian. That Is quite enough In itself to justify proh i bit ion. for it was the family of the working man that suf fered most when the saloon was run ning. If the rich man wants to ruin his hody and soul, his family is pro vided for. IPs children do not be come public charges. His wife doe not have to resort to the washboard If. was the neglected homes and bj-ok-t en wives and the general de.-u ruet ion w-rought by whisky that brought ahout national prob i hit ton. If pro hibition Is rluss legislation then it's good legislation, and here to tay. There is no reason why the work ing class should lie deprived of tht right to enjoy the products of nature and the, fruits of the earth; such things are theirs for the aaking, but they do not include whisky, for it is no product of nature but the work of man though done for personal gain, no matter how many wrecks are strewn In the wake. Prohibition is one of the greatest tlessini;s ever bestowed on the peo ples of America either rich or poor, and the strong arm of justice, witli I hi' aid of the working men's wives, will forever keep the menace, from free America. F. M. Income Tlx on t-'nrm Snle Profits. CASTLE ROCK. Wash.. April 18. (To the Editor.) Please answer in The Daily Oregonlan the following: .V married man sells his farm say for xio.noo. Is this income or principal'.' Pocs he pay income tax on this and how much? SUBSCRIBER. You pay income tax only on tho profits. Add together the selling price anil the depreeiatf'ii. if any. sustained by the property since March 2, 1913, or since the datj of acquisition by you If subsequent to March 1. 1913. From this sum deduct the original cost of the property (or if it was acquired be fore Mann 1. 191. Its fair market value on that date). You may sub tract cost Qf Improvements made while the property was yours, and expenses Incidental to the purchase if never claimed as income deductions in previous returns. The remainder is the sum on which you should pay income tax. Overall (roaade Poor lleosoaiT. PORTI.ANO. April 19. (To the Edi tor.) Overall and corduroy clubs as a means of comliatting the high cost of living is folly. Purchase of un necessary articles is poor economy. It is remarkable the number of per sons seeking a little cheap notoriety. The various protest meetings to which all interested parties are invited r I largely a waste oi energy. In my opinion most or our T- a- tious problems, domestic and- interna tional would soon be solved if ths people would go to work and strive for some higher ideal than the dollar. Citizens would do well also to think some for themselves, rather than be guided by "tinhorn" poli ticians and agitators. E. C. WHITE. S25 Savier street. British Conspiracy f PORTLAND, April 19 (To the Editor.) When you write of the high cost of potatoes, why do you call them "Irish potatoes"? Were potatoes tirst discovered in Ireland? If the Irish art responsible for the high price of potatoes, who is to blame for the high price of English walnuts? GEORGE E. WHETSTONE.