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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 18, 1920)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, 3IARCH 17, 1920 0, - , , 3 GIGANTIC UNIONS .. RULE RED RUSSIA Civic Duties Are ' Impose Upon Organizations. ALL WORKERS MUST WORK Labor Representatives in Moscow and relxogTad Hare Quarters Equipped by Government. BT LJNCOLX EYRE. fCorrrisht by the New York World. Pub- HsriH hv ArruiremenL) PARIS. March 17. (Special cable.) No source of supply of clothing or other necessary objects Is overlooked by the Soviets; for instance, goods pledgred with pawnbrokers under the old regime have been seized and are from time to time distributed among the workers. In Moscow, up. to De cember 15, 1200 persons bad benefited . to a greater or less extent by this division of revolutionary spoils. The trade union movement in Pus fia, which prior to 1905 was illegal, differs from that in America in that It follows the principle of amalga mation according to industry and not according to trade. That is, all indi viduals employed in a given factory establishment are combined in one association regardless of the nature of the work they are doing. I.nbor Unions Gain Strength. With the downfall of autocracy and the consequent disappearance of ob structions it created, the strengthen itig of the unions Increased by leaps and grounds, so that from a few thou sands of members there developed in loss than half a year more than 1000 separate organizations with a mem berstiip of about 2.000,000. In the Kerensky era the unions used "direct awion" i. e., political strikes, for ob- J taining their demands, but not until f the bolshevik revolution in Novem ber. l!17, did they get an eight-hour d:iy, as well as rr..my other still more important privileges. With the establishment of the pro letarian dictatorship in which indus-.' trial workers exei cised the prepon derant measure of domination, the L:bor movement obviously had to alter .Til its objectives. While national industries did not become, as many pt-rsons outside Russia still seem to think, the property of individuals employed in them but of the common wealth as a whole, they were man aged by workers' committees possess ing at the start almost unlimited powers. As time went on and the workers' rack of technical knowledge made it evident they could not run the intri cate machinery of production by themselves an even larger proportion of these powers was transferred to the central government operating through a commissariat of labor. And Bow things have reached a pass I where, as in the red army, the prin ciple of one-man control is being re instated, with factory and other com mittees retained, however, as a check upon the executive. Striker Would Be Shot. Having been transformed by the bolsheviks into subsidiary organiza tions of the soviet republic and em- powered to regulate in concert with the labor commissariat all wage scales, working hours and other mat ters relating to employment, the unions, of course, lost their former principal weapon the strike. Today any body of workers that would ven ture to walk out on strike would be shot. The wage tariffs fixed by the cen tral organization of unions are, as I have indicated, subject to govern mental approval. Final decision in this as in ail other affairs of state is the all-Russian convention of Soviets vested in the supreme authority of and between sessions of that body in the 'all-Russian central executive committee functioning through the council of the people's commissary. In practice, however, it is highly im probable that the soviet administra tion would deny any of the powerful unions' - demands unless they were fanatically exorbitant. Melnitchansky showed me figures purporting to prove and I have no reason to doubt them that more than SO per cent., not only of Industrial workers but of all soviet employes, including members of the liberal pro fessions, were unionized, there being nearly 200 separate unions with a membership of about 3.000.000. This is a tremendous total considering that before the war there were scarcely more than 2,500,000 persons employed in all Russia's industries. I niona Hjtvr Ctvle Duties. Among the dntics assigned the or ions is that of registering the un employed, caring for the ill or other wise incapacitated workers, inspect ing houses and factories from a sani tary viewpoint and specifying in what degree certain manufactures are harmful to health. For instance, on their 'recommendation the working day in tobacco factories has been re duced to tseven hours, and that chemical, aniline, paper and gas plants to six. They were chiefly in strumental, moreover, in drafting the soviet code of labor laws, one of the first juridical enterprises undertaken by the bolsheviks. Among the note- . worthy provisions in this code is com pulsory vacation of a fortnight every Fix months, which in the case of cer tain of the more arduous industries hT. been increased to two months the year; forbidding of night, over time and underground work for wom en; limiting work hours of young folk from to 18 years to six hours daily, with payment for a full working day; assuring eight weeks' complete re pose to mothers before childbirth and a similar period after, and subjecting all trades,-including domestic service and individual producers of specialist products made at home, to frequent inspection. All citizens able to work have the right to apply their labor in accord ance with their specialty and for the remuneration determined for such class oC work. District exchange bureaus of labor commissariat are entitled, however, upon agreement with the corresponding trades unions. to put separate wage earners, or a group of them, on work other than their specialty If there should not be opportunity of work of the special kind for which they have applied. Kach wage earner is obliged dur ing the normal working day and un der normal 'conditions to execute a standard amount of work determined for the category and group In which he or she Is enlisted. During the nor mal working day wage earners must be given time for eating and for rest. This time is not Included In working hours. It must fall not later than four hours after beginning work and continue not less than one-half and not more than two hours. For women nursing children there must be an additional rest period of not less than one-half hour every three hours. Each wage earner receives during ill ness a subsidy and medical assistance from local hospital funds or wnicn he is a member. Unemployed Workers Paid. Tt is nrovlded elsewhere that all cit izens subject to compulsory labor and unemployed through no fault of their own shall receive pay equivalent to the wages they are entitled to obtain j for the kind of work for which they are listed. While there was no such provision the copy of the labor laws given me 1 was informed mat Dy laier ae cree male citizens over 60 and female citizens over 50 who have complied with the labor laws are entitled to re ceive from the state a pension total- ng the full amount of wages paid them for the work they were doing before their legal loss of working ability. Moscow and Petrograd unions are magnificently housed at national ex pense. In the former city the central federation occupies a former nobles' assembly hall, one of the finest of Moscow's buildings, possessing vast meeting rooms, clubrooms, a theater and other attractions. In Petrograd there is even a greater degree of plendor. Union authority Is installed i really superb structure known as the labor palace, wnicn was to have been a girls' college and which the unions have made over and re decorated on a lavish scale. Surround ing it are 12 other almost equally im posing edifices, each of which shelters ne of the principal labor organiza tions. There is a special clubhouse for union delegates visiting Petro- rad which has all the comforts of an p-to-date hotel, including plenty of eat, a theater, moving-picture hall and a library of 100,000 volumes. The place conveys the impression of a millionaire club rather than the head- uarters of a toiling mass. For the communists, who are pri marily responsible for the demagogic exaltation of physical labor, there this much to be said. They have proved themselves without exception willing to perform even the most me nial chores if the party or government ordains it. They are obliged, while non-communists are merely invited to do unpaid extra work on Sundays and holidays. The vasskresnik, as this communist obligation is termed consists generally In removing snow. loading and unloading trains, carry ing and sawing wood and, In the case of women members of the party, sew ing clothes and uniforms. No exposition of present-day living conditions in Russia is complete with out a passing reference to railroad traveling. In this connection the first thing that leaps to one's notice is the retention of classes by the Soviets. One still pays more for first-class ac commodations than for second and more for second than for third. CARLOAD MINIMI ON LUMBER ISSUE Shippers and Railroad Make. Progress. Men NEW BASIS IS OBJECT Traffic Men to iContinue Meetings in Effort to Bring About Change Satisfactory to ALL Progress was made yesterday in the opinion of the lumbermen and traffic officials of the railroad in securing better understanding of what desired by shippers in readjustment of the basis for carload movement of lumber and timber products. The meeting was held in the Chamber of Commerce rooms. It was called In order that by a discussion between the lumbermen and representatives of the railroads sbme satisfactory basis for the carload minimum could be worked out as a substitute for the cubical capacity minimum that has been in effect. H. E. Lounsbury, general freight agent of the Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation company, called the meeting to order and called at tention to the necessity for heavy loading of lumber in consideration of its effect upon establishment of the rates under which the traffic will move in future. He said that the railroads are Just at present in the position of awaiting adjustment of rates by the interstate commerce commission in conformity with the requirements of the transportation act. W. D. Skinner, traffic manager of the Spokane, Portland & Seattle, was called to the chair to preside after the introductory talk by Mr. Lounsbury, and emphasized to the lumbermen the desire of the traffic men that some practicable working basis for a minimum fair and reason able alike to the shipper and the car rier could be suggested. -her critical eye Ki iDuen JL JL 11 1 1ML Good. C thes SICE ffl TURNS It's Grandmother's Recipe to . Bring Back Color and Lustre to Hair. That beautiful, even shade of dark, glossy hair can only be had by brew ing a mixture of sage tea and sul phur. Your hair is your charm. It makes or mars the face. When it fades, turns gray or streaked, just an application or two of Sage and Sul phur enhances its appearance a hun dredfold. Don't bother to prepare the mix ture: you can get this famous old recipe improved by the addition of other ingredients at a small cost, all ready for use. It is called Wyeth's Sage and Sulphur Compound. This can always be depended upon to bring back the natural color and luster of jour hair. Everybody uses "Wyeth's Sage and Sulphur Compound" now because it darkens so naturally and evenly that nobody can' tell it has been applied. You simply dampen a sponge or soft brush with it and draw this through the hair, taking one small strand at a time; by morning the gray hair has disappeared, and after another appli cation it becomes beautifully dark and appears glossy and lustrous. Adv. I Class Distinctions Persist. The incongruity of this arrange ment in a nation whose rulers are aiming at the extinction of social in equalities is obvious to the bolsheviks of course. Their explanation, based on obscure technical grounds, of why classes continue to exist on railroads does not explain very comprehen sively. Like rents, classes are to be abolished and doubtless soon will be. Passenger train service is far worse today, a veteran railroad man told me. than it was aO years ago. The only line that works on anything like schedule time is that linking Petro grad and Moscow, between which cities there is one express either way weekly and one ordinary train daily. The express takes 14 to IS hours for a trip that used to be made in eight; other trains about 30. The Pctrograd-Moscow line is the only one on which cars are heated and once In a while electrically light ed. There are sleepers, too, though of somewhat rough and ready charac ter, but practically nobody save high soviet officials can get a berth In them. Incidentally, the grand mo guls of the bolshevik hierarchy in variably travel by special train. Le nine, Trotzky, Zinovieff, Kamenieff, Lunatcharsky and at least a dozen other dignitaries have specials always at their disposal. Dining cars have disappeared. One must take one's food along and eat it cold, reinforced by tea cooked with hot water, obtainable at the larger stations en route. The cost of travel ing isn't excessive, the fare from Moscow to Petrograd being only 320 rubles. Session Lasts Two Hoars. The morning session continued for two hours, adjourning after the noon hour had struck, when, the lumber men had expressed their views pretty freely. The traffic officials held an atternoon conference, and will meet from day to day until some Dlan deemed adequate can be put in form and submitted to the commission with recommendation for its adoption. A. W. Cooper. secretarv of the western rine iwanutacturers associ ation, suggested in behalf of bis or ganization that the minimum over 42 feet should be 44,000 pounds, 36 to 42 feet. 36,000 pounds, and under 36 feet. 30.000 pounds, with the provision that tne car loaded to full visible capacity be given minimum and car not loaded to capacity be penalized 1 cent for each 100 pounds. Charles T. Early of the i.ccies interests and Mr. Pelan of the Potlach Lumber company agreed with the suggestion of Mr. Cooper. Mr. Held of Seattle, representing the shingle manufacturers, asked that in whatever recommendation may be made the railroad men will remember that shingles cannot be loaded as heavily as lumber, and that due con sideration to the interests of that in dustry should be given. Blacjen Favors Heavy Minimum. N. J. Blagen, speaking from the standpoint of the manufacturers of fir lumber, favored a heavy minimum. which he said the fir shippers could load without any difficulty, add that the shippers are anxious to load to capacity of the cars. M. C. Dixon, speaking for the Wil lamette valley lumbermen, favored a division into two classes in fixing the minimum carload, and recommended that for 36 feet and over it should be I 48,000, and for lengths under 36 fee it should be 38.000. Mr. Carlson o Bridal Veil thought that lumberme should not be penalized when the rail roads could not furnish cars of th capacity desired, and urged that th company's convenience rule and vis ible capacity rule should be applied in such cases. F. G. Donaldson maintained that more equitable minimum basis would be for 36 feet and over 46.000 pounds and for less than 36 feet 36.000 pounds, with full visible capacity rule. Gray Appears for Pipe Men. c J. Oray, appearing In behalf o manufacturers of tanks, tubes and light material, said that materials o this sort could not be rbaded as heav ily as lumber, but ' in view of the maintenance of industries that rcsul in creating traffic of a desirable char acter and conserves equipment by its compact form, the manufacturers should not bo penalized by excessive rates. SHE knows style and right fit the cut and drape of the sleeves the set of collar and shoulders right lapel lines and what is a proper drape of coat back and trousers. and you can't fool the average woman about the quality or fine tailoring. why most women are'partial to Kuppenheimer good Clothes. These clothes are always right in fashion the leader of style; always in good taste. And they are quality thoroughbreds, clear through, cost less in the long run and satisfy much more, every way. There's a reliable merchant near you who handles these splendid clothes . They Tbe House of uppenheimer WIFE CHARGES' DESERTION EIS DEL MOTE CLASSIC TO TAKE PLACE APRIL 21. Xon-Stop Flights of 1 00 Miles Each "Way Proposed Many Trophies Already Put TJp. SAX FRANCISCO, March 17. The Pacific Aero club made announcement today of the first sanctioned air race ever held on the Pacific coast. It will be the Del Monte air classic on April 21. Frederick C. Porter, chairman of the contest committee, has mapped out the air route and conditions for the race, which will be from San Francisco to Del Monte, with no stops. The return will be over the same route. The distance Is approxi mately 100 miles each way. The Del Monte air classic is to be an annual event, according to Porter It Is open to air craft of all types. Trophies and prizes valued at several thousand dollars have been set uj. No money will be offered as it is planned to make the race an amateur affair. The air service of the western de partment of the army has approved the race and will enter several army fliers. The Aero club of America and the American Fliers' club of New York have also sanctioned the event Divorces Also Asked on Grounds of Cruelty and Infidelity. Gross Infidelity is charged by Myr. tie M. Davis in a suit for divorce filed yesterday in circuit court against Karl F. Davis, whom she married at IjOS Angeles in 1911. She alleges, her husband had improper relations with women in both J-iOS Angeles and Port land. She demands the custody of minor son and $50 for the support of herself and child. Desertion Is the complaint of Anna V. Wilson, plaintiff in a divorce action against Frank L. Wilson. They were married at Vancouver in 114. She says he has refused to support her or live with her. Ellen Johnson seeks a divorce from John A. Johnson on grounds of cru elty, bbe alleges he has become an habitual drunkard. They were mar ried in 1902 and have one child, whose custody the plaintiff seeks. Bonds Voted for Legion Hall. RAINIER, Or, March 17. (Spe cial.) At a special bond election held here yesterday additional $15,000 city hall bonds were voted, 159 to : to build a second story on the new city hall to be dedicated to the Amer ican Legion. An issue of 120,000 was voted for the main building in December. Work on the new build ing will start at once, the entire issue of bonds having been sold. The diamond has been found on all the continents and in almost every 'country oa u gutee. Aged Man Commits Suicide. Heles Marvell, 70, an inmate of the Woodmere home at 7511 Sixty-fourth avenue Southeast, committed suicide by hanging himself in a barn near the home late yesterday. He was despond ent over the recent death of a broth er, according to oniciais or tne Home. Mr. Marvell was committed to the home two weeks ago. He was born in Battle Creek, Mich., and is survived by a- sister. Mexican ex-Mlnistcr in Race. NUEVA LAREDO. Tex.. March 17. Ignacio Bonillas, former Mexican am bassador at Washington, today for mally accepted the nomination of the oivilista party as its candidate for the presidency of Mexico: He reached here today from Wawhingtos. See Our Splendid Display of Kuppenheimer Quality Clothes Exclusive Kuppenheimer House in Portland MORRISON AT FOURTH S. & H. STAMPS GIVEN Copyright, 1 jio, Tbe Hook of Kupprahrimrt HOpSE OF LORDS SHOWS DE SIRE TO MAKE COST LOWER. Opposition Being Offered by Some Members of British Parliament on Religious Grounds. (Copyrlefct by the New Tork World. Pnti- LONDON. March 17. (Special cable.) While divorce cases, many of them of a most sensational nature. are filling tne ljonaon papers, ioe house of lords is again taking up the much-discussed question of divorce laws reform. At present, divorce is onlv obtainable on the grounds of misconduct, and in the case of a woman petitioner she must also prove desertion or cruelty against hen bus-band. Lord Buckmaster has introduced t bill based on the recommendations of the royal commission on divorce pro viding for court machinery which greatly lowers the cost of divorce, and allowing divorce after three years' desertion, certain forms of cruelty, habitual drunkenness or in sanity, and where one of the parties is Imprisoned under a commuted death sentence. Some members are opposing the bill on religious grounds. During the de bate the enormous increase of divorce during the war was shown by the ' statistics of petitions. In 1917 there were 1720. in 191. 2709. and in 1919. 6789. The debate was postponed until March 24. "IIZ" FOR TIRED AND SORE FEET Use "Tiz" for puffed-up, burn ing, aching:, calloused feet and corns. Why go limping around with ach ing, puffed-up feet feet so tired. chafed, sore and swollen you can hardly get your shoes on or off? Why on t you get a box of Tiz from the drug store now and gladden your tor tured feet? Tiz" makes your feet glow with comfort: takes down swellings and draws the soreness and misery right out of feet that chafe, smart and burn. Tiz" instantly stops pain in corns. callouses and bunions. "Tiz" is glori- us for tired, aching, sore feet. No more shoe tightness no more foot torture Ail, - 1 1 J flu l i ,, RCL. The Tragedy of Gray Hair Need Never Come to You! When you find the first few gray hairs, don't despair I Laugh i nil ear I For Co-Lo will outwit the passing years. Prof, John H. Austin's Co-Lo Hair Restorer Restores the color, life and luster r to the hair in a mild, healthful manner. A scientific process perfected by Prof. John H. Austin, 40 years a bacteriologist, hair and scalp ape cia list. Co-Lo is a wonderful liquid as clear, odorless and greaseless as water a pleasing and simple remedy to apply. Co-Lo cannot b detected Jilts ordinary hair dyes; contains no lead or sulphur; has no sediment; will not wash or rub off ; will not cause the hair to split or break off; will net injure the hair or scalp, Co-Lo Hair Restorer can be had for every nat ural shade of hair A 5 for Black and H DsA Shades el Browm. A7 Extra Stronc, for Jet Black Hair oalr. AS for all Medium Brown Shades. A 9 for all Very Lisht Browa. Drab, and Auburn Shades. Co-Lo Hair Restorer at All Stores of the Owl Druf Co. Simple Way to End Dandruff He Couldn't Straighten Up James Carman, Mayfield, Ky writes: My back used to hurt me at times and I could not get straight for half an hour. I took Foley's Kid ney Pills and have not had the trou ble since. I cannot say enough for them and their great work." Foley Kidney Pills help the kidney do their work in ridding the system of the poi.onous waste matter that causes so many aches and pains. Sold every whare. Adv. "BALMWORT" PLEASES MANY Hundreds of thousands are af flicted with Irregularities of the Kidneys, urinary passage and blad der. Thousands have found true comfort and benefit using Balm wort Kidney Tablets, sold by all druggists. Mrs. Frank Monehan, 1519 Penrose St, St Louis, writes: "I am taking Balmwort Kidney Tablets and must say they are the finest thing on the market and I feel I conld not live If I had to be without them." Adv. Phone your want ads to The Orego- ioi&n. Main ?07O, 696, SISTER HELPED HER BROTHER Mr. George Srhlllo, SJ0S Tear avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, writes: "I am glad I was recommended to your medicine. 1 was pretty well run down, nervous and loss of am bition, felt tired at all times, could not sleep and had loss of appetite, felt weak and trembled from weak ness. I find your Cadomene Tab lets are helping me very much. I was writing to my sister about my run-down condition. She advised me to take Cadomene, as she had been as bad off as myself. Cado mene built her nerves uo and re stored her health. I am more than thankful I received her advice." Sold by druggists everywhere. Adv.- There Is one sure way that has never failed to remove dandruff at once, and that Is to dissolve It, then you destroy It entirely. To do this. Just get about four ounces of plain, common liquid arvon from any drufj store (this Is all you will need), apply It at night when retiring; use enough ' to moisten the scalp and rub it in gen tly with the finger tips. By morning most If not all, of your dandruff will be gone, and three or four more applications will completely dissolve and entirely destroy every single sign and trace of It, no matter how much dandruff you may have. You will find all Itching and 'die;, glng of the scalp will stop Instantly, and your hair will be fluffy, lustrous, glossy, silky and soft, and look and feel a hundred times better. Adv. VICTIMS RESCUED Kidney, liver, bladder and uric add troubles ara most daneerous be- rsise of their insidious attacks. Hed the first warning they tiva that they need attention by taking GOLD MEDAL The world's standard remedy for these disorders, will often ward off these die eases and strengthen the body against further stuck. Three sizes, all dru grists. Lee fa tke am Cold Modal eaa esaas m iiitstiae Phone Your Want Ads to THE OREGONIAN Main 7070 A 6095 7 . . t 9 . t i - r I r . i - . r . ' 4 v. 5 1 ' " I e ' : H.V