8
TIIE MORNING OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, 3IARCIT 13, iOW
Movmn$8mjmmx
Established by henry i- wttock.
Published by The Oregonlan Publishing Co.,
135 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon.
C "A. MORDE.V. E. B. Pi PER.
Manager. Editor.
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How o Kemit Send postofflce money
order, express or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin- or currency are
at owner's risk. t;ive pOstoffice address
In run, including county ana state.
Pnhtun-e htM 1 to 16 naees. 1 cent:
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Kafern Business Office Verree & Conk-
lln Brunswick buildlne. New York ; Verree
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troit, Mich. San Francisco representative.
It. .1. Bldwell.
(ships and credit, and its currency Is
an almost insuperable obstacle to
imports. Britain is doing what it
can, but has its hands full, the neu
trals of Europe have capital but only
a fraction of the amount needed,
and it seemso be up to the United
States to finance reconstruction and
resumption of industry.
This should be practicable, for
welf established French clianis to
reparation should be good collateral
for loans. If equal security can be
obtained from German manufactur
ers to secure loans for purchase of
raw material, Germany can be set
to work earning money to pay the
indemnity, and thus the security
given by Frenchmen will be. made
good. If industry is set going on
both sides, means will be provided to
repay the loans, world trade will be
set in motion and the market for
American products will be revived.
KQTjAI, rates on the pacific
Equalizing of the ocean freight
rate on jute from Calcutta as be
tween Portland and other Pacific
coast ports both brings to light the
secret devices by which commerce
has been diverted from Portland
and proves the value of the work
done by- the Chamber of Commerce
in running down rate discrimination
and bringing about correction of the
evil.. . .Notwithstanding conference
agreements to maintain equal rates
to all ports on this side of the ocean,
there has certainly been a largo
In order to make good the deficit,
the government must pay about $95,
000,000 for the three years and two
months to December 31 1919, and an
increase of about $35,000,000 a year
from that date.
Another democratic false pretense
is thus exposed. The postal depart
ment was made to show a surplus by
cheating the railroads on the one
hand and by giving inefficient ser
vice to the public on the other hand.
Economy was practiced at the ex
pense of honesty and efficiency. The
wrong has gone all through the pos
tal service, and the czarlike methods
of Mr. Burleson have not succeeded
in suppressing the protests which it
has provoked.
A MYTH.
A few days ago a single'tax propa
pandist asserted in a public address amount 0f discrimination and rate
that 90 per cent of the land values in I cutting in favor of certain ports. In
Oregon were in the hands of 3 per I the absence of any tribunal with
cent ftf the people. authority ' to maintain parity where
It is a tricky statement. It is conditions are equal, the only pos-
tricky in one sense in that, while sible corrective is to watcn tor in
there are no statistics available equalities and to call upon Portland
which will prove its truth or falsity, I lines to meet lower rates prevailin
it is uttered with all the degree of to other ports. When a Portland
finality and certainty that ordinarily I importer does business through an-
accompanies a provable statement other port, it is prima facie evidence
It is tricky in another sense be- of lower rates, for it is not to be
cause if there were a grand, free supposed that a Portland man would
distribution of all the land among discriminate against his own town
those who would use it, the per- if rates were equal.
centage of land holders to total pop- Much is being done by the Cham
ulation would still appear ridicu- ber of Commerce in calling, upon
lously small to one who gave it but importers to bring their goods here
passing thought. land, when high rates stand in th
For example: According to the last I way, in calling on steamship com
census more than 25 per cent of the panies to meet any rate that is made
population of Oregon consisted of I to any other port. Steamship com
children under the age of 15 years, panies agree to meet any lower rate
Now some children are land owners of which proof is furnished, but
through inheritance, but the propor- information to that effect must be
tion is comparatively small. In the conveyed to the shipper in the orien
main this 25 per cent of the popula-I in order to produce the proper effect,
tion cannot be expected under any In that connection the services of
conceivably equitable land use and I Mr. Buckley, agent of the port of
ownership to be land holders. 1 Portland, who has started on a tou
More than 29 per cent of the pop-I of oriental ports, will prove highly
illation consisted of unmarried per
sons over the age of 15 years. The
greater proportion of these by far
were not over 24 years of age. Land
valuable
There is room here for systematic
work in connection with steamship
rates similar to that which the Traf-
hunger does not usually come to the fic and Transportation association
unmarried young person and is not! does in regard to railroad rates. By
usually overpowering among older constant vigilance it discovers injus
single persons. There are some tices to which Portland is subject
single persons who live lonely lives and by pressure in the right quarter
on the land and some other single it secures their removal. It has
persons own land which they let to scored in a number of cases, most
others. But in the main, desire for notably in attracting shipments of
possession of land is an incident of phosphate to Portland, thereby se
ttle marital condition. This is apart I curing tonnage for many other ex-
from ownership of stock in the many I ports. All our commercial organi-
corporations in which land holdings zations are learning that eternal
are incidental. We are speaking par-I vigilance is the price of commerce
ticularly of land ownership combined
with direct use by the owner.
More than 5 per cent of the popu
lation widowed or divorced. Of the
married remarnder.the title in fee to
land distributed among them would
ordinarily rest in one or the other
spouse. Probably a virtually ideal
land distribution would in the rec
ords show less than 20 per cent of
the population as land holders. In
that situation each family would be
occupying its own Lome, farm or
other than farm.
What is the situation? The last
census report supplies the only avail
able figures. Of the more than 47,-
000 farm homes in Oregon in 1910
more than 83 per cent were owned
by the operators of them as distin
guished from farms operated by
hired managers or by tenants, " Of
the more than 107,000 homes not
farm homes 50 per cent were owned
by those who occupied them. To
gether the home owners numbered
more than 13 per cent of the population.
As heretofore stated the maximum
possible number that could be ex
pected to own land which they
personally put to use would be less
than 20 per cent of the population
But the latter figures can be but
theoretical in a state containing large
cities. Universal home ownership
by families would close most of the
boarding houses, apartment houses,
family hotels, and flat buildings in
the cities. There live many families
that could afford to own homes but
prefer not to.
But the most striking effrontery
in the statement is the implication
that some one has gone to the stu
pendous expenditure of time and
money required to determine the
land holdings of 3 per cent of the
people. Three per cent of the people
in 1910 was more than 20,000 persons.
The task would require a search
through the tax rolls' of every
county in Oregon, identification of
duplicated names, the issuance of
20,000 questionnaires to determine
corpdration stock holdings holdings
in railroad companies, gas com
panies, electric light companies, mill
ing companies, timber companies,
manufacturing companies, canneries,
banks, townsite companies, corpora
tions that own office structures, and
all the others that utilize land pri
marily or secondarily to their busi
ness. This investigation of course has
never been made. The statement is
a pure invention.
as well as of liberty.
bvkleson's sennxs VANISHES.
Nemesis in the shape of the In
terstate Commerce commission has
struck Postmaster-General Burleson,
carried away his boasted surplus and
left a big deficit in its place. This is
the anti-climax of Mr. Burleson's ef
fort to save money at the expense of
the railroads by substituting car-
space for weight as the basis of pay
ment for carrying the mails. In
every anual report he has gloated
over the profit he earned for the
people by gouging railroads, rural
carriers, city carriers, by underpay
ing railway mail clerks and by both
underpaying and overworking postal
clerks in the cities. . The net result
of his sweatshop methods is that he
must ask congress to make good a
deficit of about $95,000,000 for the
period ending December 31, 1919,
and another of about $35,000,000 for
the current year on account of de
ficiencies in sums paid to the rail
roads.
Payment by space instead of weight
was Mr. Burleson's great discovery.
No matter if an additional car had
to be hauled for mail occupying only
a small fraction of it, under that
system he would pay only for the
space occupied. His scheme was put
up to a democratic congress, of
which the house clung to the old
practice of cinching the "grasping
corporations" and was ready to make
its adoption and rates under it man
datory. The senate resisted and
forced a compromise. The post
master-general was authorized to
test his plan cm some railroads, and
the Interstate Commerce commission
was instructed to decide whether it
could be worked equitably and to fix
rates of payment, which should date
back to the beginning of the test, No
vember 1, 1916.
Mr. Burleson was not content with
a test on a few roads; he extended it
to practically all first-class roads in
the hope of squeezing a few dollars
out of them to build up his surplus.
He juggled the authorized units of
car space so that the space paid for
was reduced in the course of a run.
although the railroad had A haul
the whole car the full distance and
could make no other use of the space
vacated by the mail. He imposed on
the railroads much terminal and
transfer work without extra compen
sation. In 'order to save space he
stopped distributing by railway mail
clerks en route, dumped mail at some
connecting point or at destination antl
thus delayed delivery in order to
MONEY MIST START THE WHEELS, save a few dollars. In making his
Much light is shed on the cause of estimates to congress, he took as a
delay in reconstruction in Europe by basis the railway mail payments as
John H. Lambert in an article'in the limited by these tricks, hence his an-
Now York Evening Post. As a mem- nual surplus.
ber of the American foreign sales The Interstate Commerce commis-
commission which was .to dispose of sion sweeps away the entire Burle-
material left in France, he inquired son fabric. It does not condemn the
into the possibility of selling it to space system, but holds that the es-
some of the wrecked industries in
the war zone. He found that "the
work of restoration on the large fac
tories and mills at Lens, Arras and
Feronne has not yet begun." The
reason was that the owners were
looking to the government to pay
their losses, which the government
could not do till it received repara
tion payment from Germany. In ex
pectation of these payments the
French government del-V' levying
new taxes to make' its imxme bal
ance expenditures. Thus reconstruc
tion and resumption of industry,
upon which also increased trade with
the United States depends, await
what Germany will do.
Germany is devoid of raw material.
sential factor is an adequate basic
rate. It raises the basic rate for a
60-foot car from 21 to 27 cents a
mile down to a December 31, 1917,
with an increase of 25 per cent from
that date. It grants short line roads
20 per cent additional-and lines less,
than 50 miles long 50 per cent ad
ditional. It forbids any more jug
gling with space units, orders pay
ment for terminal and transfer work
and requires monthly payment to the
railroads.
The commission shows to what ex
tent the railroads have been gouged
to build up Burleson's surplus. Be
tween 1907 and 1918 postal revenue
nearly doubled, but railway mail
payments increased only 13 per cent.
AN EXPERIMENT IN GOOD WILU
Not all of us will agree .with
kFranklin K. Lane in his statement,
made in connection with a call to
governors and influential national
organizations to send delegates to a
community conference at Washing
ton this month, that "community
life, as we knew it in the early days
of democracy, seems never to have
been ts thin and capricious as it is
now,", yet there are signs that the
dormant neighborly spirit needs
awakening. A more optimistic view
is that which Mr. Lane also ex
presses, that no one, even in these
times, entirely lacks personal friends,
the family still remains the normal
social unit, and the country and na
tion still command a passionate alle
giance, which we hardly suspected
before the war revealed it to us. The
fact would seem to be that only the
outward forms have-changed. The
spirit of the peopls probably remains
the same. We are as gregarious as
ever, but we sometimes lack oppor
tunities for expression. The apart
ment house life of the cities calls
for organization differing from that
of the old-time village.
.The rjroiect of a "Neighbors' dav.'i
now being fostered by various com
munity organizations, has the merit
that it seeks to educate people in the
art of adapting .themselves to new
conditions. "It is not," as Mr. Lane
says, "because we are less social than
of old, but because there are so few
channels left in our complex society
through which we can bring the
neighborly sid of our instincts into
play." The will remains; only the
organization is lacking.
It is difficult to imagine a bitter
class struggle between neighbors who
truly know one another which
makes the community movement an
important part of the programme for
Americanization. Our difficulties are
increased, but are not made insuper
able, by the polyglot nature of our
population. "The problem of making
a homogeneous nation is bound up,
not in the work of welfare societies
that hold themselves aloof from the
individuals they are designed to
benefit, but of organizations of which
all can be a part Our neighbors
who are self-respecting do not want
to be told what to do, but rather to.
be called into the councils that are
planning what ought to be done.
June 14, which it is prbposed 'to
celebrate as "Neighbors' day," is also
Flag day, which gives emphasis to
the Americanization purpose of com
munity organization. Neither mani
festation of neighborly spirit nor
reverence for the flag, however, is
for the day alone. Those who be
lieve that community organization is
the best possible antidote for class
division are bidden to remember that
it is a continuous duty to maintain
it not one to be undertaken in a
burst of enthusiasm and laid aside
mmediately afterward.
port millions and could export meat
to the Pacific coast. But coyotes
have traveled northward on the trail
of the prospectors, feeding on dead
pack animals, and. raid the herds in
bands oX hundreds. Caribou and
mountain sheep are seen in bands
of a thousand. Alaska is well popu
lated with everything but people.
A move was made to develop the
coal land by passage of a leasing law
six ;years ago, but under such re
strictions that few have availed
themselves of it. The government is
building a railroad through the coal
field, but the mines produce little
more than enough coal to operate its
trains. The new oil and coal leasing
law is more liberal and may bring a
change for the better, but investors
will find more attractive fields
nearer home.
Several years ago Franklin K.
Lane, then secretary of the interior,
proposed consolidation of all author
ity over Alaska in the hands of a
commission with power to govern
subject to the interior department,
but nothing has been done, and the
manner in - which the northern
country is managed is the perfect
flower of bureaucracy.
Those Who Come and Go.
NO LONGER A HAPPY FAMILY.
When 'President Wilson went to
Paris, he claimed authority to speak
for the American people and to bind
them to any bargain that he made,
and the allies took him at his word.
He insisted on immediate formation
of the league of nations and on in
corporating the covenant in the Ger
man treaty. Relying on him to se
cure ratification, the allies consented
to his league in exchange for his
consent to some provisions of the
treaty at which he balked. In re
liance on the league, they abandoned
claims to certain guaranties of se
curity from German aggression and
they conceded points to his idealism.
In consequence of the American
peacemaker's inability to "deliver
the goods," that is to secure ratifi
cation of his treaty, this is the happy
family to which Europe is reduced,
as .described by Frank H. Simonds in
the New York Tribune:
Britain and her colonies have dlsaereedt
Britain and France are at loggerheads;
so are Britain and Italy. France and Italy
have almost come to blows; France and
Koumania are mutually resentful. Our
insistence upon Serb claims in the Banat
has compelled Britain and France to break
their word to Roumania; it has led to a
Serbo-Roumanian feud. With no real
power to resist and without any assurance
of aid from us, the Jugo-Slavs a.re holding
out against the demands of, Italy, which
has been supported until " recently by
France and Britain. We have refused
Greece her aspirations in Thrace and about
Korltza; our ultimate decision in Asia
Minor, where settlements have also been
outlined without regard to us. may pre
cipitate another Fiume crisis. Or the
president may reject the proposal to leave
the Turk in Constantinople. -
Opposition to the president's plan
to combine the covenant with the
peace terms began in January, soon
after the peace conference met. . It
came to a head in the round robin
signed by thirty-seven senator:
enough to prevent ratification on
March 3. This unmistakable evi
dence that the president was not the'
unembarrassed spokesman" of the
American people might have been
expected to make the allies careful
about concessions to him on the as
sumption that his bargain would be
ratified. But they, or at least their
people, were kept in the dark, -as the
following from Dr. E. J. Dillon's
book, "The Inside, Story of the Peace
Conference," shows:
It was characteristic of the censor
ship system tiiat two American citizens
were employed to - read the cablegrams
arriving from the United States to French
newspapers. The object was the sup
pression of such messages as tended to
throw doubt on the useful belief that the
people of the great American republic
were solid behind their president, ready
to approve his decisions and acts, and
that his cherished covenant, sure of rati
fication, would serve as a safe guarantee
to all the states which the application of
his various principles might leave strategi
cally exposed.
In Mr. Wilson's conduct at the
peace conference there was lack of
that openness on which he has often
laid stress, and it is shown that
something more than high ideals and
good intentions are needed to qualify
a man as- the world's peacemaker.
The secretary of state of Nebraska
rules that separate ballots and boxes
must be provided for the sexes in the
primary election next month, and
upon his devoted head will be emp
tied the vials of wrath of those who (
contend one sex is as good as the
other.
Another advance in railroad
freight rates is declared inevitable.
We are astonished that Attorney-
General Palmer, in his well-known
role of reducer of the high cost of
living, does not come out and predict
that they will decrease, instead.
The city is about to destroy the
complicated "efficiency" records for
which experts of a New York bureau
were paid $4000 to install. The real
efficiency seems to have been shown
by the experts in collecting their bill.
Dr. Esther Pohl Lovejoy an
nounces herself as a candidate for
the democratic nomination for con
gress. Presume she wants to have
her hand on the pulse of national
affairs.
A TRICMPII OF BUREAUCRACY.
Alaska remains Uncle Sam's neg
lected stepchild. Its white popula
tion has been at times suddenly
swollen by mining booms, but has as
suddenly shrunk when they subsided.
Its Indian population is only about
half as large as when Russia handed
over the territoEy and was dimin
ished by the death of entire villages
during the influenza epidemic. The
only parts of its population which
are on the increase are government
agents and inspectors of various
kinds, reindeer, coyotes and wild
game. Fish are on the decrease ow
ing to the improvidence of the can
ners and to the government failure
to build hatcheries.
Not for lack of government does
Alaska count only about 20,000
whites and 23,000 Indians as its
population, for it has a larger per
capita share of government than any
other territory of the United States
No less than five departments and
fifteen bureaus, to say nothing of a
titular government, have a hand in
the affairs of the territory, but all
except the governor are 4000 to 7000
miles away and there is such overlap
ping of authority that the time they
devote to Alaska is chiefly occupied
n trying to decide who should act,
and in the end little is done. Gover-
or Riggs has a huge house at Sitka
which costs his entire salary of $6000
to maintain, and he has so small an
allowance for travel that, if he had
any authority, he could do little gov
erning.
The energies of the distant bu
reaucrats at Washington are not ex
pended in governing, but in conserv
ing Alaska, and as conservers they
are-a brilliant success. Not until the
gold excitement of twenty-odd years
ago did many men want any of it,
and their activities were mostly con
fined to the south-eastern strip, the
coast and the valleys of the Yukon
and its main tributaries. As its area
ia, variously estimated at 540,000 to
600,000 square miles, they could take
all they wanted without perceptible
effect. But soon after the Nome
boom Gifford Pinchot and his co
terie became so nervously alarmed
lest somebody ' should steal it that
they persuaded congress to surround
it with a barbed wire fence of con
servation laws. Any man who under
took to develop a part of it laid him-
elf open to suspicion of being a
landgrabber and a thief. No man
must cut timber, develop waterpower
or take up a"fiomestead without a
mass of formality and without wait
ing months or years for final action
at Washington. If he succeeded, he
was under the eye of an inspector.
Even the great brown, bear of the
Alaska peninsula was conserved for
the pleasure of big game hunters,
and a grave controversy has arisen
between the bureaus and the gover
nor as to whether the law applies to
the common, harmless brown bear.
Alaska abounds in coal, but im
ports coal r it abounds in oil, but im
ports that too; it abounds 'in pulp
wood, enough to make good the
paper shortage in the United States,
but it imports that too. Its reindeer
herds have increased from 1280 in
1892, when they were introduced, to I Creation of the port of Salem
160,000, and the country would sup-'means a good river by and by.
Trainloads of honey are raised in
Malheur county, and particularly in
the vicinity of Nyssa. where W. L.
Gibson comes from. Mr. Gibson, who
is at the Imperial, says that the asso
ciation sold 60. carloads of honey last
year and there is one outfit at Nyssa
which now has five carloads waiting
for the market, which is already high,
as honey-buyers will attest. One bee
man sold $20,000 worth of honey last
year. Mr. Gibson has about 160 colo
nies of bees, and when the honey
fluid is flowing freely, a colony will
produce anywhere from 150 to 200
pounde and even 225 pounds, but the
latter is exceptional. However, It
will be seen from this that there is
big money in the honey business.
Honey is high, explains Mr. Gibson,
because of the shortage of susrar. and
people are buying more honey than
formerly. Honey is a more natural
rood than sugar, anyway, for honey
is "predigested." During the war the
allied governments bought Immense
quantities of honey in America for
the soldiers in the hospitals, which
caused prices to. rise in the United
States, pnd now the high retail cost
is due to the sugar scarcity. Bees
can take 100 pounds of sugar and
produce 200 pounds at honey, which
is why the government gave bee men
sugar during the war.
For the purpose of promoting his
scheme for a divided session of the
legislature, Walter M. Pierce arrived
in town yesterday and is at the Im
perial. Mr. Pierce wants one section
of the legislative session devoted to
the introduction, reading and amend
ing of bills, after which all hands
will go "home and think over the
measures. Then the second section
of the session will assemble and pass
or reject the bills which have been,
presumably, under consideration in
the interim. Mr. Pierce is of the
opinion that not a change would be
made in any of the measures at the
second section of the session, and
that the measures should be consid
ered and voted on in the condition
which they were left before the long
recess. The idea is to have the bifur
cated session submitted as a measure
on the November election ballot. It
is supposed to be a cure for hastily
or unconsidered legislation.
"People should expect an increase
in taxes, declares A. c Dixon, mem
ber of the board of regents of the
University of Oregon at the Hotel
Portland. "The proposed millage tax
ror tne educational institutions is an
absolute necessity, if the university.
college and normal school are to take
care of their respective students.
Everything else has gone up except
taxes and the first noticeable in
crease came this year, so why should
not taxes also climb? I am interested
in several enterprises that are heavy
taxpayers and the statements this
year were decidedly Higher than a
year ago, but we must have things
and If we have them they must bo
paid for out of taxes, so why complain
that taxes are going up when there
s no commodity that hasn't doubled
or trebled?"
Speaking of Nyssa, it is one of the
best alfalfa sections in Oregon. Not
many years ago it was sand and sage
brush and not worth a whoop, but
now this land, with water on it
selling at $400 an acre. An alfalfa
farmer of the Nyssa district is C. A.
Marshall, registered at the Imperial.
There is very active land movement
in the alfalfa region and farms are
being sold at prices which a few
years ago were unheard of. There are
a large number of Hollanders settling
near Nyssa and they are shutting
their, eyes and paying the highest
prices asked for the land and they
are getting the best land. These Hol
land colonists are making a better
showing with their places than the
native Americans according to re
ports, due, probably, to the early
training they received in the land of
the dikes and the windmills.
Very good work was done by the
police bureau in landing the latest
burglars and it can be supplemented
in a great way by sending a few
second-hand men to prison.
The Poles are- to re-equip their
armies with - American army uni
forms. But they can't get the Amer
ican soldier's snap and dash that
way.
To look at R. J. Carsner one would
not suspect hini being the largest in
dividual stockman in Wheeler county,
because he is very quiet, unassuming
and unostentatious. Mr. Carsner, whose
whose home is at Spray, Or., will
probably make a stab at going to the
legislature in the 1921 session. Last
winter he fed $16,000 worth of hay
to about 800 head of cattle and re
marked while in Portland that ."he
might just as well have burned his
hay." It was Mr. Carsner who cir
culated the first petition for the
building of the John Day highway
and he put up the first $100 toward
that project, so he can be classified
a pioneer apostle of good roads
in Wheeler county.
"Don't know what Hood River will
do for hotel accommodations next
summer," gloomed C. F. Ravlin, at the
Benson. "The two hotels are now
filled all the time. The cost of ma
terials is too high for anyone to want
to build another hotel now." The
hotel and restaurant business at Hood
River is expected to develop into a
big. permanent money-making prop
osition when the Columbia highway
is paved to the apple town, and the
paving will be finished before the
Shrine convention.
Although A. F. Cook is in the lum
ber business at Tenino, Wash., he
still retains membership in the Shrine
at Detroit, Mich. Testerday, when he
registered at the Perkins, he showed
Clerk Fanner a notice that the De
troit Shrine plans erecting a temple
which will cost $4,000,000. "The De-.
ECQSOMY IS WRONGLY DIRECTED
Uaunl Advice Is Save on Neces
sities, When Luxuries Are Bane.
PORTLAND, March 12. (To the
Editor.) A great deal of agitation
has been going on lately as to how to
curtail expenses, and these doctors
on business therapy, but I believe
they are merely arying to be heard,
as some of the advice, coming from
men who know better is entirely un
sound and unbusinesslike.
Primarily, why should any person
who has the price to buy the neces
sities of life go without them? As a
good critic spoke of it, no doubt as
soon as the spring season starts bank
ers and government officials will
jump into the limelight by urging
neoole to wear their old clothes. It
may be a good Idea, but why is it
necessary to pick on clothing, shoes,
etc., which are necessities and second
in importance to food? Is it not the
inherent right of every American to
be well dressed, and if living costs
are high why should a man be coun
seled against buying necessities or
mat wnicn ne is aoie to ootatn.- vny
don't these prophets, impracticable
counselors and inexperienced fortune
tellers, amongst whom are a good
number of the non-producing class,
say something about expensive auto
mobiles, luxuriously furnished apart
ments, grand pianos, diamonds. Jewel
ry, cabarets, theaters, fancy candies,
etc? It seems to me that a man who
wants to cut his cost of living should
start on one of these, which are en
tirely non-essential.
The clothing business Is a com
modity that is governed entirely by
the law of supply and demand and
if people would stop dreaming and do
more work, striving to create an In
creased production not only for the
hour but a little to be- left over for
tomorrow, this in Itself would regu
late the price of all commodities and
bring the pendulum of prices swaying
as it should. It was said many years
ago that it is not the high cost of
living but the cost of high living.
You can no more change over night
a people who have been intoxicated
with luxury, cheap money and fancied
demands than you can wean a sick
child who has been overfed on candy
to take his medicine and to strict
obedience the moment the fever has
subsided. Awaken and quit breeding
discontent into the masses. Let us
cease dreaming and create more work
for the worker. Let us all become a
factor In the great scheme of pro
duction. There is nothing gained In
scattering the salt of hatred. En
courage the people to have patriotism
and personal pride, to earn more, to
live decent, to dress as good Judg
ment dictates.
The wearing apparel business regu
lates itself because it is handled by
practical, trained, mill men, manu
facturers and business men who have
fortunes upon fortunes invested In
the business and always look out for
the welfare of their patrons, but when
a class of men advocate unrest by
merely criticising and offering noth
ing constructive it is high time to
call a halt. Let common sense pre
vail. Work, earn, spend on neces
sities and save on luxuries, and the
problem is solved.
BEN G. ROSENSTEIN.
WHY HARD WHEAT FLO I It IS VSED
Price Differential Offset by Larger
Quantity of Bread Produced.
ALBANY. Or.. March 11. (To the
Editor.) I notice that we "fool worn
en" are again coming in for our 6hare
of rebuke for refusing to use the
cheaper soft wheat flours, preferring
to buy the more expensive hard wheat
product. The inference is that we do
not care to use the cheaper article
because we like to pay the higher
price.
I am one of those who use tne nara
wheat, but my reasons and doubtless
those of others who do the same are
decidedly on the side of economy.
In the local markets we can at the
present time buy soft wheat or "val
ley" flour for $2.60 per 50-lb. sack;
hard wheat flour, of a numDer or
good brands Is $3.10 per sack. Quite
a saving if one uses the cheaper,
isn't it? However, let us see.
My family is large. We have seven
children from 5 to 20 years of age.
all at home. A sack of hard wheat
flour lasts us 14 days, and the re
sults in baking are uniformly good.
Because of its low gluten content
ore of the soft wheat flour is re
quired to a given amount of liquid
nd it requires careful and prompt
attention to produce anything ap-
Droaching good bread. For cakes and
pastry it is unexcelled, but owing to
the high price of shortening, eggs
and sugar, we have eliminated such
things from our bill of fare in favor
of less expensive desserts.
Used exactly as the hard wheat
flour, a sack of the "soft" flour lasts
us but ten days usually. Never more
than eleven. Figure it fbr yourself.
I shall continue to use hard wheat
flour till the soft variety is cheaper.
MRS. O. L. HOADLEY.
C. I'M BO COBB IS NOT CANDIDATE
Plunkvllle Citizen Erects Latest Type
of Political Lightning Hod,
PLUNKVILLE, March 12. (To the
Editor.) Under the pressing calls
and overpowering insistence of the
many citizens of high standing in
the city of Plunkvllle, Btate of No-
good, I feel Impelled to make tne fol
lowing statement:
I am a citizen of the city of Plunk
vllle in good standing, a lineal de
cendant of Noah, the builder of
the ark of safety. I am not a candi
date for any office and earnestly in
troit Shrine wants to bring its patrol sist that my name be not submitted
at the primary lor any ontee wnat
soever. Yet I recognize the duty of
every citizen to respond to the call
of his country.
I may state for the benefit of the
voters, that I am not in alignment
with either of the great parties, but
am a whole-hearted, independent pro
gressive ready to flop to the highest
bidder.
The Hon. Mr. East has volunteered
to act as my sponsor, and will see
that rrty name is properly overlooked.
GUMBO COBB.
DRIVE FOIl POPILATIO.M WISE
Oreiron Should Have Exelnslve Serv
ices of Mr. Hlley, Says Writer.
PORTLAND. March 12 (To the Edi
tor.) Before me are three able re
sumes anent present world finance:
Mr. Mills' address to the Rotary club,
the leading editorial in The Oreno
nian Thursday and the financial bul
letin of 8. W. Strauss & Co. of New
York. They are comprehensive and
luminous and urge increased produc
tion, personal economy and public re
trenchment that the transition period
of deflation and stabilization may be
passed without serious setback. All
agree that a "long period of true
prosperity" will ensue. Extravagance
and high taxes will defer, perhaps
imperil, the good times which we so
much desire.
International finances will be care
fully handled by our ablest financiers.
We can and must be economical. In
dustrious and thrifty.
There is a further remedy which
I am prompted to suggest: If we can
double our proposition by Immigra
tion and our assessable property by
development and transfer from the
outside, our tax rate could be halved
if the desired revenue remained the
same. This, however, can hardly bo
expected, but by such process it can
be greatly diminished, which would
be a great drawing magnet.
Conditions in Oregon for invoking
such methods are pre-eminent. Our
vast fertile territory, varied resources
awaiting development, small population-
and great possibilities invite
home builders, developers and manu
facturers from states east of the
Rockies. No other state can offer
such meritorious considerations and
genuine inducements. Our sister state
of Washington has about twice our
population with 25.000 square miln
less area and a much larger propor
tion of her forests felled.
Rational and progressive methods
of publicity and promotion must be
used. The itinerary of Frank H.
Riley points the way. His efforts
are diffused. His addresses and lit
erature are in behalf of British Co
lumbia, Washington and Oregon. A
campaign somowhat amplified and
distinctively for Oregon would work
wonders. The expense would nut be
great. The next legislature should
act promptly and liberally. Organi
zations and citizens should back the
members.
We should also show our willing
ness and determination to foster en
terprises of various kinds which I
will not stop to enumerate.
In 1898, when the country wan
emerging from the disastrous col
lapse of 18:t. I visited Cleveland. Cl
aud was informed that the rapid
growth of that city was but slightly
retarded. A large programme of Im
provement, shipbuilding and other
enterprises had been Inaugurated.
The forward movement had gained
such momentum that the panic had
but small effect.
A courageous optimism, bold but
prudent action and well-considered
plans will render Oregon immune
from the critical period and the
mccca for the enterprising and the
promoters of prosperity.
J. D. LEE.
More Truth Than Poetry.
Br Janes J. 1--nlssne.
tiie wav the' ho it 1' wall
tki:i:t.
"Got any wolk?" the kid Inquired,
And the brol.cr quoth. m,(h lie.
"I have. Indeed; yru are hereby hired
To carry my bonds for n e.
Just hurry this million-dollar p.i. k
To the banker's across tbe way,
Get your receipt and come promptly
back.
There II be lots more work today."
"Can yer gimme a Job?" observed the
crook.
Paid the broker, "Why. sure I etui,
For, In spite of your slinking, sln(t)
look,
I perceive you're an honest man.
Here is a bundle ot gill-oilKa Mock,
Whoso value you plainly sec.
Take it j Blllionby'a, down the
block.
And tell 'em It came from mo."
The boy went south on the three-
fifteen,
With the bonds In a leather a, rip,
Snd the crook and the stock he nut
been seen
Since they left for in ocean trip.
'Alark-a-day," the broker s.shed.
"This leaves nin quite notipliit-srd:
Thoso fellows runt My Justified
My beautiful, childlike trust."
Na Prophets.
If Some of the cx-rnl.lnrt minl-I'M
had been forward-loos Ins men they
never would have permitted honors
to be thrust upon them.
Tint Quite I aaalmona.
Everybody hut Bryan will admit
that Wilson's taste In eeorclsrlcs of
state has vastly Improved sinia his
first lniiuguistl.nl.
TIs Ills Nature To.
Man cannot escape d"ath or liton.
but he slways tiles his datndr.-l to
dodge both.
(Copyright, 1920,
hv the
Inc.)
Hell Syndhais.
Mothers of Men.
II y I. race 1- Hall.
lit!'
EFFECT OX CHILDREN AD EHSE
Tardiness and Less Alertness Caused
by Daylight Having- Plan.
PORTLAND, March 12. (To the Edi
tor.) Apropos The Oregonlan's edi
torial regarding the daylight saving
plan:
In all the discussion last year I
failed to notice any mention made of
a group which I believe is vitally af
fected by the plan, I. e., the children.
As 1 have three at home and G00 at
school I often judge Innovations In
terms of the child.
Parents know how reluctant chil
dren are to go to bed at a proper
hour In the pleasant days of summer,
and last year that reluctance was In
creased because of the earlier hour,
Frequently after quietness reigned In
our sleeping porch, the voices of chil
dren would come from the outside
calling ours to come out and play.
Several evenings I noted that It was
after 9 o'clock and the child calling
was below school age. Often the va
cant lot opposite was filled with play
ing children long after bed time.
At school there were more strag
glers than formerly, sleepy looking
little fellows hurrying In before the
tardy gong which of course rang an
hour earlier than by sun time. In
the classroom my observation led me
to believe that there was less mental
alertness due I believe to lack of suf
ficient sleep.
I do not believe the American peo
ple are ready to purchase an hour's
pleasure at the expense of the child
A. J. rKIUKAL-V
is mere somewhere, friend, a
gray-haired mother.
Walling days and weeks for Just a
word from you?
Will you honor claims of almost
every olli.'-, .
While she wat hes, uncomplainingly
and tr te?
She'll exrurr you for neglect ah,
mores the pity!
She'll foruivo the meanest art, and
make no moan.
But somewhere, somehow, som rtnr.
when she'r cone the lonely
way.
will winn you'd sent
that old home.
You
litis to
Vou
re still a boy to her. Ihoiish
years have vsnhlird.
You have chntittel. hut she s the ;ime
in mind and heart.
Tenderness your heart perhaps has
nearly bmlfhrd.
Stnre you've met the world jind
foiiaht your bitter pnrt;
But when other loves lme failed,
tl.ere'll still he Niltnu.
Like a mist of incense sweet front
heaven's own blue.
Mother's s.trred tis, while sorily
the Is riijins
Through the d.irknrss loves forgive
ness to yoj.
In Other Deys.
Slogan for Republicans;
ASHLAND, Or.. March 11 (To the
Editor.) Since President Wilson has
chosen to stand pat on article ten
and thus make the treaty a campaign
issue, I suggest that the republicans
adopt this Jogan, "He kept us out of
peace." O. M.. FROST.
1'wenly-rive irsra o.
From The Orrconlnn of Marrh I. I1!."'
The Hallos. Msny persons hrts
have purchased shares In a flying
machine designed by the Parrot I
brothers of Ooldcndale. Wash., who
rail their firm the I'arrott Aerial
Navigation company.
The fine new steamer ll.illev Cut-
zert, belonging to the t 'olittnlita Itlver
& l'Utfet Sound Navlgntlun eompiiny.
was put Into pervico between Port
land and Allot la on Jlunila).
The county court has prartlrally re
fused to assume churge of the bridges
and ferries across the Wltlimirttc. In
accordance with the recent legisla
tive act.
Edward McDonald. H well known
youth of Oregon City, committed sui
cide by shooting In Kelly's Eluo t
loon last evening.
The startling rumor prevailed In
Portland yesterday that President
Cleveland was accidentally shot lul
hunting.
Building of Harvest (tiieetu.
RAINIER, Or., March !. (To the
Editor.) Will you please tell ton
throurrh your paper where and when
the "Harvest Queen" w as built 7
MRS. WILLIAM KEEP.
The steamer Harvest Queen
built in this city in 19n.
Nearly half as many more are
leaving than are coming into this
country, said to be due to prohibi
tion. The country is gainer. '
The bundle of old papers on the
front porch : this morning means a
sort of membership in the Red Cross
and everybody is welcome.
Robbery of the Aurora bank was
a simple-minded, amateurish affair
and perhaps the officials are doing
best to treat it as such.
There is about ten inches' defici
ency in rainfall and much of It must
be made up. An Oregon dry both
ways would be an anomaly.
A thief who can steal a robe from
a car in front of the police station
is better qualified for -high finance
than simple larceny.
Announcement of new trains up
the valley means there is business for
them and that spring is hare.
and a band," says Mr. Cook, "but
they want assurances first that they
will find accommodations in Portland
during the convention
Fred Krusow no relation to Robin
son Is registered at the Hotel Ore
gon while on a business trip to Port
land. He registers from Grass Val
ley and is a former judge of Sherman
county. When in office he was an
advocate of good roads and built
some, although the good roads idea
was not as popular then as it is
today.
Ves. Kelsey. brother of Sheriff Kel
sey of Fossil, is in town for a few
days from Seattle, his present head
quarters. He was once located in
Lane county and shifted over to
Wheeler, where he engaged in the
sheep industry for a while, and then
he moved to Puget sound.
Every so often John Tait has to
leave Astoria and run up to Portland
to see how the Rose City is getting
along since he sold out his laundry
Interests here and went into the
washing business at the mouth of the
Columbia. Mr. Tait is at the Mult
nomah, r
Crabtree, Or., is an old settlement
in Linn county, on the east side
branch of the Southern Pacific. It is
the place from which L. A. Miller
registers .at the Imperial. Unless the
new census makes a different show
ing, the population is about two
score.
Dr. Howard Agnew Johnston, of
Chicago, successor to Dr. John Boyd
at the First Presbyterian church, ar
rived at the Hotel Portland yesterday
from Illinois. r
Income Tax Deductions.
MADRAS. Or., March 11. (To the
Edrtor.) Does a man have to pay
an income tax when he Is in debt and
owes a much larger amount than his
Income and just manages to pay the
Interest every year? This is when
the income is over $2000 and he owes
$3000. J- W. C.
The interest you paid in the calen
dar year 1919 on indebtedness may
be deducted from your Income in com
puting the tax,-but you are not per
mitted to deduct tbe. principal of your
indebtedness.
Harriet Wilde, who is on the na
tional board of the Young Women's
Christian association, is registered at
the Multnomah from New York.
C. E. Foster, chief of the fire de
partment at Astoria, is at the Multnomah.
No Mink Farms In Orrgron.
DAYTON, Or., March 11. (To the
Editor.) Are there any mink fur
farms in Oregon or Washington?
Please give addresses.
A 5SUJS"rtlDE.ri..
Mink Is not raised commercially In
Oregon, although a large number of
furs are trapped annually. As to
Washington, write State Game Com
missioner L. H. Darwin in Seattle.
Danube Helps Vienna.
Indianapolis News.
Vienna is popularly misunderstood
to be on "the beautiful blue Danube."
but that mighty stream, in its long
course to the Black sea, really en
circles the city some miles from its
center. A canal winds through the
heart of the city and connects with
the Danube below the Prater, Vien-
j ca's great playground.
In
The Sunday Oregonian
DIRECT PRIMARY, OREGON'S POLITICAL CHILD, BECOMES
MIGHTY FORCE THROUGHOUT NATION.
Oregon, the birthplac of many new political ideas, has seen tli
primary become a fact in many states in the union. Few know that
it was the fertile brain of a resident of Minnoapolig that firt worked
out the scheme in all its glory. That citizen, Henry J. Alt.now.m
simple but thoughtful man, now lives in Portland, whore he is in
charge of the baggage room of m local hotel. The history of the
birth and growth of the direct primary idea should bo familiar to
every voter in Oregon. Read DeWitt Harry's article telling all about
it in tomorrow's big magazine section.
POSERS HAVE NO PLACE IN 1920 BATHING SUITS Time
has passed wherf bathing costumes are divided, like politicians, into
the "wets" and the "drys" They are to be all "wot" this year.
Dame Fashion has decreed that all bathing apparel this year must
combine the beauty of the one with the usefulness and freedom of
movement of the other. A whole page, fully illustrated, tomorrow,
that will interest the men equally as much as the w omen readers.
THE PROBLEM OF MILWAUKEE-How did it happen that
this great middle western city twice returned to a seat in congress
Victor L. Berger, a man branded by court and public opinion as
actively inimical to his country? Those who witnessed the election
and participated in it declare it was a campaign mismanagement
on one hand and the vote of the underpaid employes on the other.
The whole nation was amazed at the outcome of the voto ami asked
itself "Why?" The inside history of this case is the subject for a
significant political article in tomorrow's issue.
NUMA AND SABERTOOTH And the rest of the jungle family
look harmful enough when safely ensconced behind big iron bars
at the circus, but out in the heart of Africa it is another story.
How some of the finest specimens of wild life now in our toWogical
gardens have been captured, roped, brought on elephants' backs,
by caravan, train and ship to their present civilized confinement is
the basis for one of the best animal stories which The Oregonian
has published. In tomorrow's magazine section, with pictures.
MORE ABOUT INSECT PESTS Professor A. L. Lovett has an
other article about the bugs that Oregon farmers must watch out
for; Admiral Sims is in his usual place in the magazine section;
Briggs and Darling and Hill are just as good as ever, and all the
usual big features are on hand to make tomorrow's issue up to the
established high standard. t
All the News of All the World 1
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN