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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 28, 1919)
SlfeSH- ..it I 8 THE 3IORNIXG OREGONI AN. TUESDAY, JANUARY 28. 1910. Portland, orego Entered at Portland (Orepra) Fsstofflce " secondrdass mail matter. Subscription rates Imariably in. advance: (By Mall.) Dally, Sunday included, out.' year . Simdav included, six months.. . . . 4.2S "Daily, Sunday inclu1e(l. three months. Jai ! . Sunday Included, one mont h., . . Daily, without Sunday, one year Tally, without Sunday, six months.. ,, Daily, without Sunday, one month Week 1 v. one year .Sunday, nna year Sunday and "Weekly (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday Included, one year Daily, Sundn v included, nn month. . . . Daily. Sunday included, three months. Daily, without Sunday, one year. . . . Daily, without Pirnday. three months. . Daily, without Sunday, ore month . 8.00 . 5.2S . .no . l.oo . ua . a.oo .$9.00 7 v,i ii5 How to Remit Send postorflce money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or curr-m.-ry art- -wn- risk. CJive postofflce uddrena in lull, lu sjrudlngr county and state. f Postage Bates 12 to IB pages. 1 cert." 18 to 32 paftes. 2 cents: 34 to 48 pasrm, :' celts; f0 to t0 pages, 4 censs; 02 to 70 pages. 5 cents'. 78 to 82 pages. pants. Foreign lioot age, double Tates. tvatern Businefts Office Verree & Conk lln. Brunswlclt building. New Vork; Verree & Conklin. Steger huildi.ig. Chicago: Verree & (Jonklln. Free Prrsx building. Iet-ott. Mich. San Francisco representative. K. J. Bidwell. MEMBKK OF Till: ASSOCIATED PltEFS. The Associated Press Is ecli;-ively entl tlcl to he use for republication ot all news dispatches credited t It -r not otherwise, n edited to this paperwjand also the local news publish-. 1 her. in. All rights of lei.uhHtSatlon ot special dis patches herein are also reserved. I-OI1TLAXD, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28. 1910. Tf IE SUrpBCIIJEBS' TASK. There is much re-assurance in the latest news from Washington for thoso who were apprehensive lest the cancellation of steel ship contracts tvs a preliminary to early cessation of all shipbuildingby the Shipping Board and to decline of the entire industry in this couptry. If the pol icy is only to substitute new designs for those which had been adopted for war purposes, both as to wood and steel, then we may safely assume that the Columbia River district will get its share. But the entire pojicy of the Ship ping Board must undergo a far more 'radical change if the" new types of ship are to be built at a cost which will enable American vessels to com pete in -world commerce. War de manded building of ships without re gard to this excessive cost and justi fies writing it off the books as war expense. but that justification no longer exists. The American people desire to maintain the shipping indus try and to establish a merchant na rine, but they arc not willing to pay taxes to defray an excessive builcjing cost which can' be avoided. Kxperi ence has abundantly demonstrated thitt the Shipping' Board's methods are wasteful in general management, in construction of yards, in design and construction of ships and in handling of labor. If individual builders and owners should hereafter be permit ted to develop their own designs, to make their own contracts and to han dle the labor question in their own way, the cost per ton would be mate rially less and the heavy overhead ex pense of the board's unwieldly organ ization would lc eliminated. American shipbuilders have an arduous task ahead of them, for they have to Dlace on a' sound bnsis an industry which has been suddenly! expanded by the artificial stimulus ot war. That stimulus pushed wages anil all other elements of cost up to abnor mal figures, yet it created a demand which disregarded cost. It drove shipbuilders to employ a host of un skilled men and pay them unusually high wages while they were merely learning to build ships. Now this stimulus Is suddenly withdrawn, leaving all its consequences as a leg acy. As men say when ttfey corner the wheat market, the shipbuilders have to get rid of the corpse. This legacy is the corpse. They should have as much encouragement as pos sible from the Shipping Board, antl no obstruction. The best aid that can be given is freedom from restric tion on their operations. Notwithstanding their difficulties, there is good reason to believe that the shipbuilders can win out. Ships have been built and operated on the Great Lakes at a cost per ton lower than on other routes, and American wages are paid. By application of the Fame methods, the same thing should be possible with ocean-going vessels. But it was not done by a Shipping Board which dictated everything and dumped millions into a Hog Island; it was done by private enterprise, which aimed to get value for every dollar. One of the greatest elements' of waste in building ships for the war is Indicated by the statement of Sena tor Calder that in the Eastern yards labqr is only 40 per cent efficient. That fact is doubtless due in part to the lack of skill, which is acquired in course of time, but it is largely due to loafing on the job, or at least to absence of interest in doing a full day's work fpr a day's pay. Employ ers may gradually raise the standard of efficiency by weeding out the men who cannot gain skill or who will not do honest work, but the sure means of attaining a 100 per cent standard is to pay in proportion to the work done instead of the time put in. This would usually inareaso rather than decrease the actual wages. The sooner shipbuilders are set free to take private contracts from either American or foreign citizens, the sooner they will set about this by no means easy task, , and the better chance of success they will have. At present they do not know where they stand, and the Shipping Board keeps them in doubt by issuing contradic tory orders. Chairman Hurley pro longs this state of doubt by staying in Paris and trying to make deals with the Allies while his colleagues in this country keep things in suspense or is sue contradictory orders awaiting the result of his efforts. The board neither goes ahead witf a definite, policy nor gets out of the way to let the ship builders go ahead on their own ini tiative. It blocks the 'road against a.iy decided movement. USE FOR GERMAN WAKSIHPS. The suggestion of Admiral Rodman ha the surrendered German ships' be sunk does not- commend itself to the Army and Navy Journal, which ob- serves that at the outbreak of war Great Britain "found much use for almost anything that would- float" and that "ships long relegated to the junk pile as obsolete and unfit for service were quickly resumed ed and placed in commission." It suggests that some use can surely be found for the Ger man ships, and that some of them might even be disposed of for com mercial purposes. Not only would it be shameful waste to sink the ships, but that action would create the impression that the allies had despaired of agreeing on division of the spoil. It would be a spectacle to make Mars laugh. To scrap then might cost as much as they are worth, for it as as laborious a task to cut armor plateas to break concrete that is thoroughly set. The only practicable way' out with credit to the allies is to find some use fdr the ships. TT IS THE PRODUCER WHO PAYS. Protest by producers in the Inland Empire against railroad rates which are not based on th cost of the water grade haul to tidewater gives that sub ject a standing which forbids the Interstate Commerce Commission to ignore it. . The parity of rates between high-cost railroads over mountains and low-cost railroads down rivers is an injustice not only to the ports on the rivers, but to the producers and con- iKIimnri: fit trio intRi'inp Tho.TinrtQ 1 1 . r. - .. . i the handling of the business; the peo ple of the interi6r pay the excess freight. The latter are the heavier losers. They are penalized in order that the ports served by the mountain roads may handle traffic which could be more economically handled at the river ports. They, in effect, are taxed for a subsidy to the former. The inequity of this arrangement is so obvious that the great area' of coun try which suffers the imposition can not be pected to let it rest. That area includes the greater part of East ern Oregon, Eastern Washington and Idaho, wherever the railroad or high way within easy distance leads to the water grade. If brought before the Interstate Commerce Commission by both the producers and the ports which are deprived of the natural advantages of their position, this situation cannot fail to be corrected. INDELICATE. House Bill 3, in the Oregon Legis lature, may have a single or double purpose. In brief it permits an alien to hold land, hereafter purchased, for a period of only seven years. Unless within that time it is sold to a citizen or the alien owner becomes finally- naturalized, or dies, the land escheats gto the state. Aliens are furthermore to be permitted to lease land for no longer that twenty-one years, and the bill applies in all its terms to corpora tions a majority of whose Stock is owaed by aliens. The main intent of the bill may be to spur to full citizenship those foreign-born residents who would other wise maintain their national allegS ance elsewhere. But it appears also to bo intended to prevent permanent ownership of real estate by Japanese or Chinese, not American-born, for neither race is eligible to naturaliza tion. A legitimate encouragement Jt ac ceptable aliens to become citizens is proper enough, but any effort to raise a land tenure issue as affecting Chi nese and Japanese is peculiarly indel icate in view of recent, even present, association with them in a world en terprise of vast consequence.) The law as framed would undoubt edly be invalid. A provision of the Oregon constitution guarantees to white foreign-born residents of the state equal rights with native-born citizens in the possession, enjoyment and descent of property. .As this pro vision specifically applies to white aliens the purpose, if such it be, to en courage naturalization of that class of property owners would fail. Anothr provision has been in the constitution since the document was adoDtecT which denies to fhinnmpn specifically the right to hold real - estate or mining claims in Oregoa This provision has long been assumed to be inoperative. The Supreme Court, while it has not passed judicially on the question, has intimated that it is invalid because in conflict with treaty provisions. Chinamen have freely bought, sold, and held property in Oregon. One of the principal ho tels of Portland js owned by a man of that race. It may be assumed that the Legis lature docs not care to burden the statutes with plainly unconstitutional and inoperative measures, but it may be well to point out that even appar ently serious consideration of a bill such as this, one may involve the na tion in annoying and wholly unneces sary diplomatic comnlicailons. In the ("circumstances it would have the as pect of an intentional insult to peo ples with whom we are on friendly terms and it would be construed by them as such. FIN-DUNG THEIR OWN WAY. It will not dampen the ardor of those who are now working out the problem of finding employment for discharged soldiers to discover that many of them a greater number than many may have suspected have defi nite plans of "heir own, not all of which revolve around the focal point of the "old job back." Those who want their" old jobs back ought to have them back, of course; and thSSe who left no jobs are entitled to be provided for now, as' tj. matter of justice and also of gratitude. But a factor quite worth taking into the account, because it will promote optimism, is that a considerable number of our soldiers have fejt the stirring of new ambition because of the part they have taken in the determination of big events, and have determined to reach out for bigger things than they left when they went to war. It is said by an official of the pro fessional division of the United States itnnloyment Service that the number of former professional- men who are on the lookout for jobs in which the traditional opportunity for advance ment overshadows the immediate sal ary promise is conspicuously large in this division. There is comparatively small demand for office work, and there are many who want to go info the business of making things. This is only partly a reaction from the de struction which they have witnessed while at the front. The fact is that not a few branches of the military service have been engaged in highly constructive work. Men who have seen bridges go up over night, and docks built and railroads laid in a fe days and cantonments constructed in a few weeks have caught the spirit of doing. It will be hard to hold them to a desk and a column of figures now that they are home. More men have asked themselves "What can I do?" in the last two years than ever before in history. It I is surprising how many have been forced to confess inability to do any tiling constructively worth while. The man who can do things has been more than ever the envy of his fellows. Kfficiency of a ntew kind has been elevated in popular esteem, and a new idea of the dignity of labor has been acquired. - It will not be a National calamity if the 'effect of this Is to relieve the polite professions of some of their sur plus timber. There is a suspicion that the white collar has exercised a too potent influence in times pfst in de termining young men's choice of vo cations The professions, including the law, medicine and teaching, will not suffer by future elimination TJf those who are attracted to them by the mistaken notion that they are an easy road to a living. Those inspired by a higher purpose are likely to be numerous- enough to safeguard us against famine. It i particularly encouraging to learn that there are many inquiries ror agricultural jobs from men not formerly employed on farms, and that the applicants include many college men. There has been doubt upon this point heretofore. If there is, in fact, a serious and widespread desire to get on the Jand, at least one of our prob lems Is solved - for us provided, of course. Congress and the State Legis latures are prompt in co-operation. But the fact that stands out seems to be that physical labor, especially out doors. Is losing its terrors for many. The reconstruction period may be epochal in more ways than one. DEVELOPING OREGON MIXES. An almost infallible means of ad vancing thtf" g'eneral prosperity of Oregon is to poster the mining indus try. If idlevmines are put in opera tion and if new mines are developed, much of the slack due to cessation of war activity will be taken up, men will be "employed at high wages and will consume the product of neigh boring farms, and merchants will prosper, also. Here is one means of providing employment which will be really productive, not merely an ex cuse for making work. The stae lias already benefited by the investigations made and the in formation disseminated by the Oregon Bureau of Mines. Although the high cost of production caused a decrease in output of gold in 1018. this loss was almost made good by the increase in production of chromite, which was largely due to the bureau's work. It stimulated prospecting for chromite in Southern and Eastern Oregon, where it knew geological conditions to be favorable, and Oregon yielded one third of all the American output dur ing the war. In co-operation with the United States Bureau of Mines it also worked out systems of concentrating low-grade chrome and manganese ores. and of recovering chrome, from black sand. The bureau has made such a thor ough field study of the state's mineral resources that it has itself become a mine of information to which in vestors resort fbr guidance and to which mining men resort for advice as to the best way to develop a' mine and to treat ore. It has investigated non-producing mines to determine whether, and how, they could be put on a paying basis. To this end it made the first portable field outfit, consisting of crushing, grinding, as saying and engineering appliances, loaded it on an auto truck and ar ranged it so that the motor drives the power machinery. It has discovered and given free to the use of the miners a method of concentrating the low-grade copper ore of Southern Ore gon, and another method of concen trating the low-grade quicksilver ore of the Cascade region. By its physi cal examination of the geology of proposed dam and reservoir sites, it saves irrigationists from making costly blunders. The bureau proposes to continue Its work during the next two years, if the Legislature provides the funds, and its past performance warrants the belief that the W0.000 which it asks would be a good investment for the state. Having command of the great fund of accurate information which it has col lected and of its expert advice, in vestors turn to Oregon mines in grow ing numbers. The bureau does for the mining' industry what the county agent does 'for the farmer, and has certainly made good. POTASH MONOPOLY BROKE. Before the war Germany held vir tual monopoly in several important fields of industry and,, had the war not arisen or had it been as short aa the Kaiser and his aides planned, probably would have continued to maintain these monopolies undis turbed. The United States, shortly after the start of hpstilities, felt a seri ous shortage of dyes. At first the ten dency was to be patient and wait for peace. Germany had the dye-making secrets, and it seemed almost pre sumptuous for any other peeple to try to imitate so successful a group of manufacturers. But when the con flict settled down to long-drawn-out trench warfare and it became evi dent that peace would not come for years, American chemists rolled up their sleeves and tackled the dye prob lem seriously and successfully. This accomplished, Germany faced a sure trade loss, as, hadSGermany even then forced, tjje allies to an early peace, she would have been forced to pay the price of loss of a monopoly and in its place would have found keen competition with a well-built-up In dustry. As the war progressed the world more and more turned to production of materials for which it had been de pendent on the Teutonic races and many German thinkers predicted that even victory would not repair the damage to German trade. All this was apart from hatreds engendered by the war and was based on sound economic principles. With contempt for Germany and things German in creasing, the menace to German trade became more and more serious until, when the armistice was finally signed, Germany could look forward to trade only under the hardest competitive conditions with an unfriendly world. Through all, however, the United States has been waiting for the time when it could bbtaln from Germany one product for which the demand was and is great and of which the German monopoly seemed undisturbed potash. Various attempts have been made toward development of deposits In the United States, but capital seemed reluctant, despite great need and certain demarid. Cermany has great natural deposits which can be brought to this country as ballast and which can be delivered here at a fig ure so low that expenditure of capital In domestic production seemed not to be warranted. America can produce a limited amount of potash cheaply, this being the by-product obtained from the de posit formed on the interior of chim neys in cement plants, but this sup ply Is necessarily limited by the num ber of cement factories aHd any at tempt to increase this except by en couraging the saving of the potash thus formed was not expected.. There are potash fields in various parts of the Pacific Northwest to which attention has been called In an effort o interest capital, Tut thus far capital's answer has been that devel opment would require building great evaporating reservSirs, putting In large drainage systems and other ex penditures which would come into competition with German material which can be dug out of the ground. Now comes Edward N. Hurley, chairman of the American Shipping Board, with a plan which is already being worked out to make the world independent of German potash and which. If followed, will reduce Ger man trade monopoly to virtual zqro and compel, the Germans to re-enter trade relations with the rest of the world on a strictly competitive basis. Mr. Hurley's plan is to use Ameri can tonnage now returning to the United States in ballast for supplying the United States not only with quan tities of French, British. Italian and Belgian products, but with the stock of potash, needed for agricultural purposes. This potash is to be ob tained, not from Germany, but from large deposits in Alsace, now happily under French control. , In fact, ex perts of the War Trade Board havo already gone U Alsace to arrange for large shipments. The United States needs between 500,000 and 600, 00 tons of potash. Mr. Hurley estimates, and he is quoted as saying he believes the Alsatian de posits will fujly meet the requlre menjs. To get the potash to America. Mr. Hurley goes on to explain, will be simple in that hitherto unused cargo space will be utilized. He points out that at presejvt Italy, France Eng land and Belgium are taking from America food supplies acquiring a mil lion and a half tons of .shipping, which is virtually all returning to the United States in ballast. It .is by sub stituting Alsatian potash for the bal last that the Shipping Board chair man proposes to give the returning ships something to do, to meet the potash requirements of the United States farmers and to strike a death blow at Germany's one remaining great trade monopoly. THEY TELE ON EACH OTHER. When called to account for delin quencies, officials of ope Government department sometimes "tell on" each other, aad thus we get a fraction of the truth. The Senate po'stoffice com mittee called on Second Assistant Postmaster General Praeger to explain delay in delivery of soldiers' mail in France, and he said the were frora, eight to ten carloads of .soldiers' mall undelivered n France, end that "thousands, probably millions" of let ters would be sent back to tho dead letter office. The chief cause of trouble was that mail "got tied up somewhere between army headquar ters, the censors and the posts" ;that much of the trouble was due to" "the failure of the War Department to keep up with Its Index system"; and that another cause of delay was the trans ferring of units of troops from one point to another. All of these delinquencies reposed by an official of the Post Office De partment are in the War Department, and they till go to prove Senator Chamberlain's charge that that de parement ceased to function. Mail "got tied up" because somebody neg lected his work and because that somebody's superior did not see that he did It. The same statement is true of the failure to keep up the index system, and that delinquency, in con nection with the transfers of troops. may explain the eight or ten carloads of letters which the soldiers did not get. When a unit of troops is trans ferred, it should be possible to forward its mail without causing brainfag to any person. Either there was no sys tem, or the system was wrong or it was not followed. That has been the trouble with re gard to soldiers' pay and their fami-J lies' allotments and every other de linquency in connection with the army. A bright light is thrown on the entire subject by the statement of Col. Henry D. Uindsley. the new di rector of the War Risk Insurance Bu reau, that tho organization had not functioned properly, but that now for the first time authority was concen trated in the director, where it be longed. Apparently there was a di rector who had no authority to direct, and now for the first time, when the was is over, he gets that authority! The reason why soldiers' wives and mothers have been selling butter and eggs, doing other people's washing and eating their furniture while wait ing for their allotments is that either there was no actual director or there were half a dozen directors. Gallagher's bill making attempt to murder equal the actual crime has passed the House and should pass the Senate. It Is not the fault of the criminal If he does not succeed. Gal lagher is from Malheur, where affairs may be a little wild and woolly and his effort at civilization is commend able. The Clackamas man who com plains that his neighbors do not co operate in wiping out the peach-leaf curl has a grievance. No man should grow peaches In the Valley unless he is willing tospray at the proper times, which are not when such work is mostj convenient. t Why should soldiers want to return to their old jobs if they can fill bet ter ones? They have done the job well into which Uncle Sam forced them; they have a right to look higher, always provided they can mako good. The revival of monarchism In Port ugal is a case of atavism, but If Man uel should reaain his throne, it can sa reiy be said that he will not have a second attacK 01 nis infatuation for Gabrielle des Lys. Henry Ford can find no better way of spending his millions than in "bucking the machine." That always puts the money where It docs the most good to the fellows who get it. With an airplane capable of travel ing 260 miles a hour. Mr. Burleson will hardly need to bother with wire systems. He can deliver a letter as fast as a telegram. Pretty soon you can step on an Oriental liner at a Portland dock and disembark on the other side. That will not be a novelty, but It will be satisfying. Having " found the perfect Apollo, let us find the perfect Venus and get them married, that they may become parents of the super-perfect baby. Since England and France are agreed the captured colonies' shall not go back to Germany, that ought to settle it. Are we getting whipped by a hand ful up Archangel way? That's the question and another is why? Judge Gatens" Court had its fill of ways that am dark yesterday. The ex-Kaiser was 60 yesterday, but he's iot going like it. Your Boy in France. What He la Dolatsr and Thinking houi. aa t. leaned From fate Stara and -lripe. Official ri.p:lifr of the. A. E. F. - THE latest mall from France brine copies of the Stars and Stripes of December 27 and January 3, With French children cuddled up against be friending; Yanks all over Franc and with virtually all of their Christmas boxes .actually in hand, the A. E. F.'s second' Christmas in France passed off wtth-'grat eclat. Though celebrated 3000 miles from home, it was in nil re spects as truly American, truly hearty enlnsj and absolutely satisfying as could be expected in the circumstances. Fe4Pmen there were who did not re ceive their 9x4x3 boxes from home in time for the great day. A week prior to Christmas .fully 80 per cent of those boxes .il been turned over by the Mttl tay Postal and Efxpress Service to the regulating stations at the front, and practically the whole of the remaining -0 per cent reached their destiuations within the week that followed. Fifty-nve carloads of the little paste board packages were sent up to the front from Brest alone. Twenty-seven carloads were sped out from St. Nazaire and IS more from Bordeaux. It Is obviously Impossible to chroni cle here all the Christmas activities of the A. E. K.. but what happened at St. Nazaire is typical of what happened in thousands of towns stretched all the way from Gascony and the near-Spanish border right up into Khenish Prus sia. At Bt. N'azaire the aoldier boya had 10.000"of their young French friends as guests, with real gifts pulled oft real Christmas trees by real Santa Clauses. Engineers wo have been over there since August. 1917. erected a mammoth tree in their camp grounds and invited In all the children of the countryside, until their celebration became the talk of the town. Fruit, candy and clothes fairly rained on that tree. . At Camp 1. in St. Nazaire, 15.000 men awaiting; homebound boats were hosts to hundreds of children. They even forewent their issue of candy to deck up the, tree properly and put on a Punch and Judy show that made 'their young friends squeal and chorle with glee. That Christmas at the debarka tion camp furnished those Yanks with practically their last memories of France, and precious memories they were indeed. In the various leave areas at the A. E. F.'s disposal, all the way from St. Malo. on the Brittany coast, to the Warm shore of the Riviera, .some 25.000 American boys spent the day in cele bration, song and reminiscence. Goose was the main feature of the dinner of the American Army of Occu patlon. many a complacent frau ex changing her long-fattened fowl for the soap which the Yanks produced in abundance. Large, stolid, typically Ger man geese were the mainstays of many a mess sergeant along the Rhine and behind and beyond, since the turkey, despite the Jate-lamented alliance of Germany with the Sultan, does not thrive on German soil. a Every man in France and Germany Should havo received a Christmas pack age from the Y. M. C A. unless he went out of his way to dodge it. Nearly a week before Christmas "Y" packages for the whole Third Army were already at Metz, Trier, Coblents and other rail heads ready for distribution. Much has been written about the hardships of the First American Army in France. With the Third American Army in Rhenish rrussia it is now a story of "softships.V The Yankee troops assigned to take and hold Cob lents bridgehead are "leading tho life." hThey are stretching out at night in KUCh billets as they never dreamed of In the days neiuro tno stgriiiu oi tn armistice. The officers and men are dwelling, all of them. In such comfort as they have not known since their own front gates swung to behind thorn. They are living, some or tnem. in sucn eie ranee as they have never known be fore In all their days, nor will again. Kvery incident and circumstance of their daily existence is tremendously and dramatically different from what It would have been had the war gone 0 B Not merely Generals and Colonels and Majors are at their ease. Dough boys of lesser rank such as privates arc billeted In hotels and cozy homes Doughboys fresh (as the saying Is) from a 300-klloneter hike across Eu rope can be heard and seen skidding on rugs and clumping over gleaming inlaid hardwood floors, must painfully conscious of their hobnailed shoes Consider, for example. Color Sergeant Hank Gowdv. of Headquarters Com pany. In the Ohio regiment of the Rain bow Division. Sergeant Hank, who re cently resided in a somewhat Insufft cient indentation iii a hillside near Ex ermont. now occupies, with others, i suite of rooms In a Rhlncland palace at Roaldscck. The fittings are perfect from the silken coverlets and the chaise lounge to the jeweled bedside lumps. He never had such rooms before, even after the Braves won the world series. From the windows he gets a matchless view of Roland's Castle, of the ruined silhouette of Drachenfels. and of the Sltbengebirge. receding in a hazc-veiled panorama. He has acquired a guide bonk which explains lhat the Seven Hills were placed there by the Olants "Jimlny Christmas." said Sergeant Gowdy. 't didn't happen when I was with them. In each divisional area there Is some glory of the ancient Rhlneland to visit. On the road that lies between Trier and Coblents stands a beautiful lakeside monastery Kloster I.auch whose bas ilica Is wrinkled with a thousand mem ories of the 12th century. There is such a tomb there as Westminster would be pr6ud to shelter. Even to this day monks labor and pray there, within a cloister whose stained-glass windows must have shut out the spec tacle of a world at war apd through whose thick walls the moan of agonized mankind must have coma very, very faintly. To "this spot of late many American pilgrims have come, some to pray, some to re in. wonder at the high alter which William of Hohenxnllern gave to the monastery, and some so that they might send home some such slde-spllt-tlng postcard an this: "Visited the Benedictine monks today and found them very cordial." a ' m a Tes, the Tanks in the land of Schmidt, are leading the life of Riley. Yet he would be a false chronicler who pretended for a moment that they are not moat desperately homesick. More than all else one thing made the Army of Occupation homesick the week before Christmas. It was not the comfortable, modern homes. The very srght of the eminently American plumbing gave the men a certain nost algia, but it was noft that. It was not the orchards, though they are eloquent of home. It was not even the shop windows, all bright with Christmas fa vors and tinsel. It waa none of these. It was the rows upon rows of Christ mas trees for sale In the public squares. TheirrilKh fir points, where one might easily conjure up the topmost, wobbly candle mother would be In such panic for fear It would set the tree afire these were the thoughts that pierced the Yankee lad to the heart. a Rubber Is almost as scarce in Ghtr many as .soap. It is Interesting to see a curb full of Germans staring wide eyed at a passing American company, each member of which Is clumping lux uriously through the December mud In high, swashbuckling rubber boots. Those Who Come and Go. That Portland appeals powerfully as a place to' live and enjraga in business to officers and men now being dls charsred from tho Spruce Division la seen In the decision of two furmr Ca4- ifomlans of standlpR to locate here. t nptain w. MtinlcRC anil apt;iln i I - Tromley have Just returned to the Ben son from a survey of conditions In the home state and both are to lot-ate here. Captain Hunicke. who is pnrticu larly well known as a result of his con nection with the third liberty loan drive. Is going into the , automobile business. He formerly, ltved in San Francisco. "Captain Tromley 1 well r-' membered as the man who defended Vivian S Davis in courrmartial pro ceedings at Vancouver. He has .fore sworn allegiance to San IMego. and Is open,ina- an office of public accounting and Income tax assistance in the Cham bar of Commerce building. Captain Tromley's family is already located here and Captain Hunicke Is to be Joined in a few days by his wire. No clearer understanding of what the great universities did during the war has been given by anybody thm is shown by photographs of the Har vard campus by Blain N. Speei . first class electrician and wireless operator, who is staying with his brother, 1'. C. Speer at the .Multnomah. The younir sailor, who spent more than a year with the Navy, has panoramas showing the men of the sea occupying the fa mous buildings of the old school, the stadium and drillina; on the campus. Young Spot went from Aumsvlile. Or.. to find and sink a few suTbmarinea. but three months at sea brought his finish as & fighter. Afte .recovering from pis Illness he was attached to the school of instruction. When the sailor lad landed at the Union Station he railed his brother out of bed at the hotel to advise that an official visit was about to be paid. 1. C. in pa jamas, met tho seaman at the front door of the hotel. T guess there is not One person in 10.000 who can say with me that until he was 51 years old he had never seen a blood relative other than his father," waa but one of the unusual comments drawn from J. B. Cornotl. prominent breeder of shorthorn.-. He native of Oregon, having been born at Brownsville. His father came to California from Missouri in 1650 and to Oregon in 1864. Not until last yeas did Mr. Cornett and his wife find a place in their bilsy programme for a visit with relatives back in Missouri. Mrs. Cornett accompanied her husband to Portland and they came to attend tho funeral of T. B. Hatfield, whom Mrs. Cornett had known, since child hood. T". M. Kvle. of Florence the Indus slaw River, as canners -chandlsers. trTal center of the lower Si where the Kyles are knowi of salmon and general m is at the Multnomah. With so mui-h be ing said about what the Legislature proposes to do to fishing hero and there In the state, Mr. Kyle Is some what concerned to know what will happen to the Siuslaw- boats in case any of the hills become laws. mere is a little station at the end of the bridge where the railroad crosses tho Siusliw and there during the season are displayed on boards and boxes some snlendid fish. It Is the prartice of many returning pasengcrs to bring one home. What those men say as to how they secured the fish is not a: practice it Is an art. Several lumbermen of the state fil tered into Portland Sunday night and yesterday. Many of them have come for the purpose of effecting set tlement with the United States Spruce Production Corporation for materials and expenditures in conectlon with the airplane production 'programme, whlca the armistice stopped. it. t. booiii. broker, and R. W. Skallerund. lumber man, both of Astoria, are at the Per kins Hotel. Mrs. Skallerund Is with her husband. v Dr. M. C. Fox is representing the lively little Southern Oregon city of Lakevlew. at the Multnomah. The doc tor still insists that Portland capital ought to Interest Itself in. tho construc tion of a railroad through Central Ore gon that would enable Lakevlew people to come hero without going around Robin Hood's barn. i. e.. Reno. Nevada, and via Sacramento. Coming North for the purpose of paying a visit to her son. a student at a local dental college. Mrs. Julia de Trigueros. of California. Is at the Mult nomah while making arrangements for the funeril of the young man. since the arrival of the lady her son sick ened and died of tho Influenza. Mr. Kmllo Janrigin is with the party. P. S. Tyler, of the advertising firm of Botsford. Constantine & Tyler. Seat tle and Portland, is In the city, reg istered at the Benson. He spends his tlma In the Seattle office. M. J. Finlayson and Chris McRhea. who both happen to be Interested In stockralslng and the mercantile busi ness at -Antelope, Or., were In the city yesterday, with headquarters at the Perkins Hotel. E. H. Dea. reputed to be one of the big lumbermen of Minnesota. wUh headquarters at Minneapolis, arrived In Portland yesterday and Is registered at the Portland Hotel. Interest in the trial of their brother. Henry Albexs. In the-Federal Court, has brought to the city Frank Albers. of San Francisco, and George Albers. of Spokane. C. F. Gilbert took a little time off from his accustomed job of supplying the residents of Hood River and vicin ity with cars of certain popular brands, to visit Portland yesterday. He was registered at the Benson. R. B. Allen, secretary of the West Coast Lumbermen's Association, de parted for his headquarters at Seattle last night after having spent four days In Portland on official business. Luclen H. Boggs. who represants the office of the Federal Custodian of alien property. Is In Portland, regis tered at the Portland. For the rnnm of a few hours J. T. Bridges dropped his duties as Mayor of Oakland. Or, and transacted busl- ness In I ortiaitn. He registered at the Horiland Hotel. T. Fukuklta. a ttsen of Toklo. Japan. Is visiting In Portland, with headquarters at the Benson Hotel. Mr. apd Mrs. G. W. Byckett and son. Paul, of La Grande. Or., are at the Benson. A. K. Kannln, of Astoria. Or., at tended to matters of personal business in Portland yesterday. George C. Fulton, an attorney of As toria, was at the Portland Hotel yes terday. . Sergeant Adolf J. Unna has been mustered out of the service and has returned to Portland. - rteturn of Canadian. WALLA WALLA. Wash.. Jan. 27. (To the Editor.) Will you please tell me If you have any Information of the return of the Canadian Forestera' Di vialon. No. 118. which has been at Lip hook. England, for 19 months. I see daily reports of the return of American boys, but nothing about the Canadians. MRS. M. E. DL'RANGO. We have no records of the return of Canadian soldiers. As yet a very small fraction of the Canadians have been returned. In Other Days. Fifty Yeara As. From The Orea-onlan ot Jaouary 29. 1S0 We have suggested the 'propriety ot attempting the organisation in this city of a division of the Order of the Sons of Temperance. Two divisions recently have been organized in Marlon County now the only divisions in the state. Constantinople. The Sublime Porte denies the reports that Turkey la heavily arming.' The Sultan expects peace as a result of the Paris confer ence. v Madrid. Tho Governor of Burtons uis at-sasstriated yesterday when about to take an inventory of the goods of the cathedral of that city. New York. James Fisk. Jr., has started Sl.oeo.noo worth of libel suits and has sued Vanderhilt for 14,500,000. Tnrnti-llvr Yearn Arto. From The Orea-oolan ef January 25. 184. Buenos Ayres. Rear-Admiral Ben--ham, commander of t'nited States war ..'-li a; IIin Janeiro. Mar- su' led in arranging peace between the govern ment and the insurgents. Berlin The 35tlr- birthday of Km paror William was celebrated yester dafy in a most elaborate and enthusias tic manner. It was the 25th anniver sary of his entering the Prussian army. Port Townsend. Wash. About J10.000 worth of opium is ready to be sold at the Custom-House here. . , Washington. Tho Kearsarre has been ordered to proceed to Nicaragua in consequence of the reports that th Honduran armies are marching into Nicaragua. WI1 IT IS OCR MEXICAN POLICY t Former Rraldent Puzzled by Proposal In Apply It to lluaala. LA GRANDE. Or.. Jan. 26. (To the Editor.) In reading the dispatcher frofn the peace conference In Paris. I notice that "it Is considered by some the allies may adopt a policy in con nection with that country (speaking in regard to Russia) identical with the attitude of the United States Govern ment toward Mexico." Can anyone give an outline aa to what that policy towards Mexico is? I was a resident of that unfortunate couptry for 22 years prior to seven years ago. when, with several thousand other Americans I was forced to leave there. Since, have rightfully so. been Interested In any policy our Govern ment Instituted In regard to Mexico, thinking I might be able to get back and do something with the good prop erty I was forced to abandon, on which I am allowed to pay taxes, and by the way pay them through an Englishman. If the I'nitcd States Government in the laat six years has had any specific attitude towards Mexico I should 1 i k . very much to know what it is. "A READER." Women Have Patriotic Doty. FORT STEVENS., Or.. Jan 26. (To the Editor.) I have seen several Items In different newspapers and magazines In regard to women giving up positions made possible for them by our bova" having gone to war. and I cannot imag ine any woman hesitating to give up that position. m '( course the boya should have their old places when they come back, and I also think that if we are holding a man's position we should give It up to any man that has been to war. whether he held the posltlbu before the war or not. for this war will have made men of lots of boys that were ne'er-do-wella and If they want work now I think they should have It. There will be lots of men that will never come back, and there will surely be work for all. It Is just as much our patriotic duty to give up these position now as It waa our duty to take them when wo wera needed. I also feel that the employer who would say to his old employe that had returned from war. "Sorry, but your position is filled." Is no better than a Hun. Rrtnrn or O. A. It. D. SCOTTSBURG. Or.. Jan. 26. (To the Editor.) Can you give me any infor mation as to location oCthc Second De tachment. Fort Stevens O. A. R. D.. Overseas Casuals. Camp Merritt. N. J.? Have. a cousin in this unit who should have landed overseas about the first woek In November. Nona of his people have had word from him and fear ha has died. EMMA H. ASTORIA. Or., Jan. 27. (To the Ed itor.) Will you kindly inform me aa to location of the First Detachment. Fort Stevens Automatic Replacement Draft, and If they have been listed for return soon? M. A. Men of the October Automatic Re placement Draft are being returned. but under company numbers which have been assigned in France. Rela tives arc advised to await word of their arrival and it might be well to ad dress them at Camp Merrltron the the ory that they will be returned there temporarily. 4.1th Coast Artillery. WALLA WALLA. Wash.. Jan. IS. (To. the Editor.) (1) Please tell mo where Battery A. 4.1th Regiment. C. A. C. Is and what they are doing. (2) When will they come home? i.l) V'hat division do they belong to? (4) Wrfrre can one write to find out If a friend in France is still living? ANXIOUS. (1) Last reported at Guitres.' Depart ment of Glronde. France. They ara awaiting return home. (2) Watch The Oregontan for an nouncement. (5) No part of a division. (4) You do not state speclfiealry. but evidently refer to a civilian friend who Is a resident of France. Suggest you write to C. Henri Lahbe. representative of tlva French government, Portland, Or, Answer t Military Questions. The following-named correspondents rill find answers to their queationa In The Sunday oregoniaii. January 26. ecr tlon S. page 9. given In anawer to other inquirers: Soldier's and Sailor'a Sister. Linnton. concerning 135th Aero Squadron. Reader. Portland, concerning 63th Base Hospital Unit. A Sister. Portland, concerning 147tlt Field Artillery. A Mother. Hoquiam. concerning 2nth Engineera. Parents. Aberdeen, -concerning 146th Field Artillery. A Parent, concerning 12th Company, 20th Engineers. -tnth (oast PRINEVILLB. Or. Artillery. Jan. 28. (To tha Editor.) Please -tell me if Battery A. 4th Coast Arttllery, is in France. If so. will it be sent home soon? Will tha 23d Engineers be ordered home at an early date? MRS. MORGAN. The 40th was listed for convoy the middle of December, but has not sailed yet. All coast artillery Is being sent home. Cannot predict as to return of the 23d Engineers. TiOTid Ambulance ompany. PORHLAND. Jan. 27 (To the Ed itor! Please give me location of 263d Ambulance Company. 316th Sanitary Traln. MRS. EVENS. Is with the 91st Division, now on priority list and moving to Le Mans ftvr assignment to come home.