;ttIE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, . JANUARY 22, 1919.
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Kun t'ranclsLO rcDresentative. R. J. Bjaweii.
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rORTLAND, WEDNESDAY. JAN. 23. 1919.
THE WOOD SHIP VINDICATED,
The cloud of hostile propaganda
which has been spread over the wood
chip by the steel shipbuilding inter
ests is effectually dissipated by the
report of James O. Heyworth on the
occasion of his resignation as manager
of the wood ship division of the
Shipping Board. This propaganda has
emanated chiefly from the Atlantic
Coast, which has conspicuously failed
in producing steel tonnage and which,
therefore, would better have been dis
creetly silent about the success of wood
ehips built almost entirely in other
eections, particularly on the Pacific
Coast.
In flat contradiction of Senator
Calder's statement, on the authority
of steel shipbuilders, that wood ships
"were never fit for overseas traffic,
we learn from Mr. Heyworth that
they have made voyages to Manila,
the west coast of Africa, Chile and
Honolulu, as well as along the Pacific
and Atlantic coasts and among the
West Indies. They carried coal, ni
trates, sulphur, sugar, pineapples and
canned goods, ana tney Drougni an I
entire susrar crop from Hawaii "with-
cut any greater damage than ls sus
tained in steel ships," and "with sub
Kt'intinllu nr lnqs trt ttif KVt 1 nnprs."
While the men who have denounced
the wood Ship as a failure have been I
pouring money into a swamp at Hog I
Island, "the entire wood shipbuilding I
programme has shown an efficiency I
of over 72J, per cent," ninety-four
wood ships have been put in service
and eighty-five of them have made I
305 voyages covering 490,422 miles.' I
Because three of the ninety-four
ships were lost at sea, we have been
told that the wood ship is unsea
worthy. One of these three foundered
in a gale off the Pacific Coast, an
other was abandoned at sea in the
same storm by an inexperienced crew.
but could have been saved by a crew 1 That he may have been the mere pup
which was experienced with wood I pet of great criminals is perhaps
ships; and the third was struck bj I
lightning and burned at sea. The I
principal reason why an equal propor-
tion of disasters has not befallen fab- as a traitor. Louis XVI was con
ricated steel ships is that only four demned to death by a national con
of them had been delivered to Novem- vention and executed as a traitor.
ber 11, the others being on the ways,
where they are safe from storms, or I
existing only on paper. j
The man who is most competent to I
Judge bears this testimony to the I
merits of the wood ships:
It has been demonstrated that the ves
sels of the wooden fleet have rendered val
uable service in both, coastwise and trans
oceanic runs.
The construction of wooden ships has been
Justitled by the account which these ves-
scls rave of themselves in actual service.
For tho shorter runs or coastwise traffic,
for service in the Mediterranean and the
Da-lie, wnoiien emps snouiu continue to i
u.u. ,.u pruMu,e purpose.
That is practically all that has been
claimed lor wood ships of the size
hitherto built. But the 5000-ton Co-
lumbia River ship designed by Port-
land shipbuilders would have enough
cargo capacity ior trans-oceanic serv-
ice. Nor is Mr. Heyworth s statement
exactly correct that, when the Fleet
Corporation began operations, "there
was not in existence a design of a
wood steamship that would meet the
demands of the situation." Ships were
actually building in Portland accord-
intr to two such deserts hut thi
Shipping Board did not find them, be-
cause it did not look In the right
place, though it has since adopted
s adopted
these very designs. It looked for de
signs on the Atlantic Coast, where the
wood ship industry is dead, and it
employed a steel ship architect to
make new designs, instead of looking
on the Pacific Coast, where the in
dustry was not only alive but growing.
It is too late in the day to expect
the Shipping Board to confess its error
in undervaluing the wood ship and
in plunging on the fabricated steel
ship. The latter may in time justify
itself, but time was precisely what the
board lacked to meet the war emer
gency. All that builders of wood ships
ask is that the board get out of the
way, remove its restrictions from con
tracts and labor arrangements, and
leave both wood and steel to win or
lose on their merits. The wood ship
would then win its proper place.
CONTINUED NEED FOR FOOD ECONOMY.
The report of Herbert Hoover on
food conditions in the occupied dis
xricts or iieigium and jNortnern 1 ranee
will make Americans more than ever
willing to continue to economize in
their use of food, because it shows
mar. rne people or tnose regions are
doing everything possible to render
themselves sclt-supporting. They no
longer ask ror charity, nor are they
willing to accept it a day longer than
is necessary to ward otr actual starva-
tion.
Prior to the German evacuation,
wnicn was accomplished in the latter
part or .November and early in De-
cember barely a month ago about
j.ouu.uuu persons in jeigium were
destitute. Already, tnrougn tne energy
of the people in getting back to work
this number has already been de
creased to 2,000,000, and within an
other month it is expected that it will
be reduced to not more than 1,000
000. It seems plain that they are do
ing their part to the fullest possible
extent. They add to the sympathy
which has been felt for them as help
less sufferers the respect In which we
hold those -who ask no odds of any
man. Mr. Hoover's survey of the rest
of Europe, while not complete, shows
that the best efforts of other desti
tute peoples will not avail to prevent
starvation unless help is given be- I
tween now and next harvest time. I
The minimum needs of Europe, and I
chiefly ot newly-liberated peoples, are I
estimated at 1,400,000 tons of food 1
frora America. In some of these coun- I
tries the last harvest was a complete
iaiiure, ana in otners xne processes i
or iooa proauction nave Deen enure-
ly suspended by conditions over which I
the sufferers have no control. To I
save out of our own production 1,400,- I
000 tons of staple, portable food ma-
erial is, therefore, our duty. It would
heighten the tragedy of the war if the I
people we fought to set free should
die as the result of famine at the dawn
of their new day.
The economies now called for will 1
be voluntary. Restrictions having I
been removed, dependence must be
placed on the consciences of Individ- 1
uals; but these will be sufficient, we I
think, when the facts are known.
AN EASY WAT,
Nothing could be finer than to say
that every Oregon soldier who de
sires it can find a position in an
Oregon factory, shop or mill. This is
being pointed out by Mayor Baker in
letters to 5000 employers, and gener
ally by others who discuss the re
adjustment problem.
The factories, shops and mills, we
assume, are wining to ao ail mai is
feasible or practicable, but how many
of the people, rich and poor, remem
ber that they also can do a part in
gaining the desired end?
The Oregon manufacturer looks
largely to Oregon for his consumers.
Ik is 1113 Allah. CL11U, All UHbUItM 1JC1U. I
If he can acquire Oregon s fullest
support, he can do more than he can
5m;riiQtoiv h i
,. t,t . , . I
He will become fortified to widen his Pocketror, rather, of his own cor
trade area; he can thereby bring new Poratl " pocket; and it was his ap-
irirtnpv in in t h f r m m 1 1 n 1 r v- nonr mcnw 1
will ii i- ii i ii ii ii iicm ii 1 1 1 1 cuiaigcu Oct V'
ices; thus payrolls will grow and all
classes of the community will prosper.
It is not charity that the Oregon
manufacturer asks; it is preference for
his goods only when quality and prices
are as good as those of others, with
consideration also of quick delivery
when that Is advantageous.
So the public can do something for
the soldier and for itself as well, with
out waiting for legislation by state or
Nation. The plan is simplicity itself:
Buy at home and thereby help your
home manufacturer employ your home
soldiers.
MARTIROOM AND BOLSHEVISM.
The Oreffonlan now speaks of the Czar's
martyrdom," at least in its headlines. It
does not show much Judgment in choosing;
itn idols hut thft flttumnt In make n ri.rwnt
martyr out of the late Nicholas is particular
'y hopeless. It is interesting; to recall the
names and histories of some other royal
criminals, besides Nicholas, who are num.
bered anions the "martyrs." There are I
Charles I of it-ngland, for Instance, and I
HisTis roVBTnTkiT the names in
haroes for the same kind of reactionaries as
those who adore the late Czar.
Here is the latest and most auda
clous outgiving of Bolshevism from
the Bolshevik Evening Journal. If It
is not a sympathetic outburst for
the murderous crowd that tortured
the Czar and his family wife and
children and finally shot them to
death after unspeakable cruelties last-
ing through many days, what is it?
The Oregonian spoke of the "mar
tyrdom of the Romanoffs,'? not of the
Czar alone. But It does not condone
or excuse the murder even of a Czar.
aside from the mark.
Charles First was condemned to death
by Parliament and executed publicly
Nero committed suicide, after hearing
that he had been sentenced to death
by the Roman Senate; and Caligula
was assassinated by Romans who
thought they were performing a pub
lic duty. There is no parallel between
the methods 6f execution in these
cases, which in three instances had
the sanction of responsible bodies
acting publicly, and the gross and
awful atrocity by which the Czar, the
Iririm and tnoir- rhlMmn ,,i
uzarina ana tneir children were put
out Of the way by hired villains.
jMuroer is murder, wnether of a
weak-minded autocrat and his wife
and innocent children or of the hum-
blest citizen: and The Oregonian does
not reserve its indignation for denun-
ciation of murder and murderers only
when the members of one class are
i the victims.
THE PROFESSION OF FARMING.
Agriculture is indebted to Thomas
F. Hunt, author of a book on "The
loung rarraer: Some Things He
Should Know," for putting in form
oeijuuo tan unuersiana an esu-
mate or lne value or education to the
larmer- He finds upon investigation
or tne relative earning power of farm-
ers of various degrees of schooling
that "the high school education was
equivalent to S6000 worth of 5 per
cent bonds." Since such an education
docs not cost the boy $6000, even if
his time is taken into consideration,
and since the investment is a perma-
ment one, it will be conceded that
it is an excellent thing. It ls like
getting liberty bonds at half or a third
of their par value, and it is precisely
the opposite of a mortgage on the
farm.
It is further disclosed, although not
reduced to precise figures, that farm
ers with college training are obtain
ing higher incomes from their farms
than those whose school days ended
with the high school. Here the in
creased income doubtless Is more va
riable, in accordance with the capacity
of the individual to absorb the benefits
of college education and to adapt it
to practical needs. His choice of an
alma mater may also have something
to ao witn tne ultimate result.
But it
is agreed here also that education
pays, in dollars and cents, as well as
in other ways. Of the "other wavs "
which include greater Joy in living, it
is, perhaps, less necessary to speak in
detail if the dollars and cents point
is proved. Most men are convinced
before hand that if they can increase
their incomes they can find wavs of
spending them to their own advantage.
I Five ner cent on S6000 is S30O a
year. A permanent addition of 1300
to the farmer's earning capacity is
especially worth considering because
it is an addition to his "velvet." The
first money he commonly receives
must eo for absolute necessities. There
is an irreducible minimum in farming
as In other lines of industry. The!
added $300 which is credited to edu-I
cation does not take account, we sup-
pose, of the further reward of thrift,
of exceptional Industry and of rein-
vestment of increased income thus
made possible. The latter constitutes
a kind of compound interest, and both
borrowers and investors know how
compound Interest has a way of run-
nlng into enormous sums. The lesson
seems to be that the boy who intends
to stay on the farm should obtain
high school education at any sacrifice,
and that he should add to this a course
in college if that is humanly pos
sibie. We know that it is possible,
College education is within the reach
of every youth who possesses suffi
cient resoluton to insist on having one.
We no longer adhere to the notion
uih.l a. nmu can iarm wno can uo
noming eise. Agriculture is taxing its
place among the. professions. It is
true that there are farmers who did
not attend school In their youth, and
who, notwithstanding their handicap.
have been remarkably successful. This
is due to exceptional qualities, and
does not vitiate" the rule that the right
kind of education is worth to the
farmer all that it costs. Farmers
themselves are seeing the light. They
are sending their boys to school in
increasing numbers. The demand foe
rural high schools shows the sentiment
here. Kvery new high school means
a certain number of prospective col
lege students. The number of boys
who have left the farming districts
because the cities afforded better edu
cational opportunities is undoubtedly
very large. Better rural high schools
will help keep them home: and the
added $300 and more a year of earning
capacity also will help to keep them
there. Better schools and better farms,
better farms and still better schools
constitute the most desirable kind of
L.,. ,v.it,
THE INDISPENSABLE EDSEL.
Edscl Ford is a son of Henry Ford,
and he is general manager of the
Ford eomoration at Detroit, and his
6alary ls $150,ooo per year. Evidently
-, . - . . . . -
, , t( ,,
c",v"r"w " mS 7l i V VT V
". since his philanthropic father is
paying this great sum out of his own
ing draft board had refused to grant
him exemption, on his plea that his
service was necessary to a necessary
industry.
Granting that the making of Ford
cars ls a necessary industry, it is not
necessarily true that any particular
manager ls necessary, to a necessary
industry. But the senior Ford knew
Kdsel's indispensabillty to his neces
sary industry, and by his appeal to
Washington the exemption was granted
on the high the highest authority.
If the value of one's work is to be
measured in terms of salary, Edsel
Ford Is twice as useful a man a3 the
President of the United States, and
six times as useful as a mere Cabinet
officer. Or should we say that Edsel
Is worth six Cabinet officers? It will
not do to qualify the estimate by say
ing that he is worth as much as some
Cabinet officers, six of them; for all
Cabinet officers are paid the same
He IS WOrtn, in terms Ot money, aDOUC
eitrhtppn tlmps as much as a Sunreme
Pge ot Oregon
It may , be plausibly argued that
It is Henry Ford's concern, and he
can pay his own son what he pleases,
out of his profits. Waving aside the
question as to the interests of the
minority stockholders, and also the
higher price of Ford cars, which most
people must have, we seem to recall
that Henry Ford once proudly said
that he would neither make nor ac
cept war profits. The Ford company
recently declared a 200 per cent an
nual dividend.
The Ford idea must be that it wasn't
profit worth mentioning.
THE . BIGHT TO DEMAND RESCLTS.
The member of the Legislature
wnose letter is printed today is super-
sensitive. So long as the legislative
body is not the Judge of mere Intro
duction of bills the Legislature as a
whole will not be held responsible for
presentation of "freak" or "cinch"
bills. Nor can it be a reflection upon
that body to repeat rumors that some
such bill is to be introduced. The
quality of a particular Legislature is
finally Judged by the character of the
bills it passes.
But the supersensitive member has
another complaint. It is against the
appearance in" the closing days of the
session of strong lobbies of influential
men with measures which they insist
shall be passed. But what is to be
done, when the session nears its close
and outstanding, constructive legisla
tion has not been passed and presents
no promise of adoption?
Such was the case two years ago as
regards highway legislation. The Leg
islature was bogged, and the people
who also were bogged in another
way were demanding roads. A com
prehensive road programme and a
unique method of financing it which
has since been widely copied were
conceived outside of the Legislature.
nie plan was, in laci, carried to eaiem
I ny a body of representative citizens,
I Their influence started the programme
on its way and the people by their
votes heartily approved it.
I What is a Legislature for if not to
reflect in legislation tho will of the
I people? Certainly it is not created to
judge arbitrarily whether the people
I shall have that which they want. Nor
is the Legislature a kindly patriarch
elected by a docile and ignorant peo
ple to hand down blessings and favors.
This is a representative government.
Whether there shall be visitations
from representative and 'insistent dele
gations interested in legislation of im
portance depends wholly upon the
Legislature itself. A trip to Salem is
not enough of a lark to attract busy
men away from their personal affairs
But If time grows short and big things
remain to be done, then the Legisla
ture may expect the infliction, such as
it is. Therein there will be exercise of
a fundamental prerogative.
ALL THAT THE TRAFFIFC 1VILL BEAR.
The principle affirmed by Inter
state Commerce Commissioner Aitchi
son in his order that the Railroad Ad-
ministration revise lumber rates from
Northern California to the interior
and the Atlantic seaboard is so self-
I evident that the attempt to question
it Is cause for surprise. The need of
a Judicial body like the Interstate
Commerce Commission to control rate
I making is most conclusively proved by
I the astonishine- doctrinn of th Rail-
1 road Administration that extraordi-
narily high rates on lumber do not
work a hardship on the industry be-
cause of the abnormal prices being
1 received for the products,
That is the old. brutal
rule of
"charge all that the traffic will bear'
which was followed in the days of un
restrained private operation and pro
I voked the irresistible demand for pub
1 lie regulation. The people expected
I that when the Government took
I charge of the railroads the principles
of justice and reasonableness upon
which they have insisted through
thirfcy years of agitation would be
I practiced. On the contrary, the Rail
I road Administration frankly revives
the discarded rule .as a principle of
a Government operation. It says in ef-
I feet, as Ct P. Huntington might have
said: "The lumbermen are making lots
of money. They can stand it."
If that is to be the system, the
greater is the need of a commission
to review the rates made by the Rail
road Administration in order to make
them Just and reasonable. Under pri
vate operation competition afforded
some little relief from the impositions
practiced by railroad managers who
had. such low ideals; under Govern
ment operation there is no possibility
of relief except in the authority
claimed by the commission and denied
by the Railroad Administration. Hence
there is greater need of a reviewing
body. That was no doubt the inten
tion of Congress when it made rates
of the Government subject to revision
by the commission. To assert that
Congress did not intend that the com
mission should have power to bring
rates fixed by the. Railroad Adminis
tration into conformity with Justice
and reason is to assert that Congress
reversed the policy consistently pur
sued for thirty years, for the simple
reason that the Government hod sup
planted the corporations. While the
latter had announced that they would
charge all the traffic would bear' in
conversation and newspaper Inter
views, they left it for tho Government
boldly to assert that doctrine in a Ju
dicial proceeding and to challenge any
authority to set it aside.
Moreover, it is not true that the
lumbermen are earning such profits
that they can be indifferent to the
railroad rates which they pay. While
the price which they receive has risen,
the cost of labor and material has
also risen enormously. The lumber
men of the Pacific Coast are in active
competition with those Of the South,
and their product must be hauled
twice as far in order to reach com
petitive markets. The Railroad Ad
ministration gave no attention to this
fact when it made a general advance
of 25 per cent, whereby the amount
of the increase for the longer haul
was made much greater than that for
the shorter haul. This difference had
the effect of giving the South" an
equivalent advantage.
The freedom from restraint claimed
by the Railroad Administration Is an
Instance of the dangers Inherent In
a bureaucracy. It tends to ride rough
shod over all legislative and Judicial
restraints. Its pet scheme is to re
duce all things, to uniformity without
regard to the fact that each problem
in business. and government is differ
ent from all others. Just as each man
is unlike all other men. The bureaucrat
adopts a certain theory, rule or system
and tries to "jam it through" and to
overrule all protests. The sooner Con
gress takes the railroads out of the
hands of the Government the better.
The legal attack upon the Federal
prohibition amendment, so far as it
relies upon the ground that it was not
passed In Congress by an actual two
thirds of the elected membership, is
leaning upon a broken reed. The
Springfield (Mass.) Republican prints
an extract from a recent decision of
the United States Supreme Court which
indicates the attitude of that body
toward the question. In the case at
bar President Taft's veto was attacked
on the ground that it was not over
ridden by two-thirds of the entire
membership of the Senate. The court
was quite definite in its statement that
"in the absence of express command to
the contrary" the two-thirds vote re
quired is two-thirds of a quorum em
powered to transact other legislative
business. And there is no express rc-
uirement in the constitution that
mendments shall require two-thirds
of the "elected membership" for their
ubmrssion.
A state prison could be built by con
tract, stipulation being made to cm-
ploy convict labor at reasonable pay
to the men and such materials used as
the state owns. If Oregon owns a
quarry, use rock. If to be of brick,
the state has clay in abundance. In
this way most of the inmates could be
kept at work over a long period and
each have something when his time
was up. There would be eyes plenty
to see that the labor was not abused.
Killing of a whale by an aviator
suggests many possibilities to airmen.
They might take unsportsmanlike ad
vantage of lions, elephants and deer
n Africa or shoot fish in tho depths
of clear water. Even the eagle will
have no security In the cerulean
heights.
When a speeder is arrested and
wants to fight the officer, he should
be accommodated and given satisfac
tion, good and plenty. Tho uniform
should not be a handicap to a harassed
official.
A city employe shows much nerve
n holding a job In a shipyard for side
money Just now, and Mayor Baker is
right in jarring him loose. He's about
as raw aj the fellow who lets his wife
work.
The boy who buys a milk goat and
makes a profit on her should not be
expected to give his money to any
cause. A lad is not getting a fair
start if asked to "buy dead hoss."
Holland's agreements with the allies
come too late to have any value, for
they have tho appearance of jumping
in the band wagon. A safety first
friend is noriend in need.
In a shipyard strike the ships can
await building. Soon or late there will
be settlement of the disputes, but the
ships do not worry.
The tale that the French charged
rent for their trenches having been
refuted, we wonder what the secret
trouble-makers will Invent next.
Better a call down for beingdate on
the job than loss of life in trying to
board a moving car. It looks easy and
it is, all but the last time.
There is cold comfort for the central
poweis in Lord Robert Cecil's state
ment of the conditions for admission
to the peace league.
Perhaps if the allies could get guns.
ammunition and food to the Russians.
they would soon dispose of the Bol
shevik!. Mr. Roman, of Clatsop, would abol
ish tipping by fining tipper and tippee,
but it's a huge undertaking.
A billion or two more in the victory
liberty loan will not matter. Investors
this time will buy to keep.
The best welcome for the soldier is
his old job or a new one at the same
pay or belter.
An apple a day will keep the doctor
away, but an onion a day will repel
more.
TJo not let the fires go out.
weather develops, snuffles.
This
Those Who Come and Go,
If they want to put over a liberty
loan. Red Cross. Y. M. C. A. or other
big drive in Union County, the state
managers call up Ed E. Kiddle at Is
land City. Mr. Kiddle Immediately
opens temporary headquarters in La
Grande. Within 24 hours after the In
auguration of tho drive, Mr. Kiddle
telegraphs tersely: "Union County 100
per cent. If any county does better let
us know and we will beat it." Mr.
Kiddle then retires to his Island City
home and waits for the next drive. He
arrived In Portland yesterday and reg
istered at the Imperial. Mr. Kiddle Is
interested in patriotic drives, banklnc,
slockraising ind whisper it politics.
It is tho very firm opinion of L. E.
Beebe, who arrived at the Oregon yes
terday, that the packers have been
grossly slandered in the various
charfrea made aealnst them. None but
prejudiced persons would take any
stock in the charges, according to Mr.
Rer-be, who, incidentally, ia a special
field representative for Armour &
'Company.
Mr. Beebe is a cousin of
CJeneral C. K. Beebe. He has an ad
ditional claim to fame in that he was
the second per-ion to recrlster at tho
Hotel Orpcan whdn it opened, yester
day rrrakins his -ICU'd registration, he
asserted.
Scattered over th different Portland
hotels re 25 Red Cross nurses from
Camp Lewis. Wash., where they have
been stationed with the Army nursing
corps. The nurses are here to aid In
the influenza, but some of them seem
perplexed because up to last night none
in authority seemed to be aware of
their presence, they said. While still
on the Army payroll, the nurses seemed
to appreciate the relaxation of being
on duty far from the base hospital at
the Army post.
Frank Coffinberry once used to r
dlate joviality and "pieces for the pa
per" for the old Portland Orpheum.
StiU later he became manager, leaving
Portland for an Eastern appointment.
More recently Mr. and Mrs. Coffinberry
have been located in Seattle, whence
he departed for a thort visit to Port
land, where he is said to bo considering
offers theatrical and otherwise. Mr.
Coffinberry autographed the Multno
mah register.
G. M. Gordon, formerly Private Gor
don, arrived at the Multnomah Hotel
yesterday, as a discharged soldier. He
will take a position with a local tool
company. When Mr. Gordon enlisted
he had his own business and he figures
that the war cost him S0.000. Mr.
Gordon's home is in California, where
he inspected airplane parts for the
Government.
In these days when the Government
ls so closely Investigating Incomes.
Frank Eloan, of Stanfield, does not care
to be quoted on tho exact total of his
net profits in stockralsingr. Mr. Sloan
does, however, wink one eye, with ev
ery Indication of complete satisfaction
over what the gods have wrought. No,
he did not think meat would be cheap
er. rr. Herbert C. Miller, of North Pa
cific Dental College and president of
the National Aseociation of Dental
Faculties, left Portland yesterday en
route for Atlanta. Ga.. to preside at a
specially-called meeting of the associa
tion. January 27. Dr. Miller will also
attend the annual meeting of the Amer
ican Institute of Dental Teachers.
Jerome Day, who ''doubles In brass"
both as an active hotel operator and
as a mineowner, arrived at the hotel
of which he Is part owner yesterday.
Mr. Day 5s a part owner of the Hotel
Portland as well as of the famous Her
cules mine, at Wallace, ldiho.
When S. S. Jacobs, of 'Juneau, Alaska.
reRistered at the Portland yesterday
and compressed his oijtnature Into ex
actly seven-eighths of an inch lineally
speaking, the Portland clerks thousht
tho world's minimum hotel registration
record had been broken.
F. J. Oliver, of Vancouver, Wash..
and formerly of Lewiston. Idaho, is a
patient at the Portland Medical Hos-
nital. suffering; from a general DreaK
down. It will be teveral weeks before
he is able to be up and about.
J. G. Cochrane, of Coeur d Alene, ar
rived at the Perkins Hotel yesterday.
He likes the climate. In the Coeur
d'Alenes at present the mercury is
seeking cover at the bottom of the
thermometer.
A. Whlsnant, who presides over the
editorial destinies of the Bend press,
arrived at the Benson Hotel yesterday.
Lieutenant R. C. Olson, of Camp Lew
is, felt that it was rleasant to be away
from the Army for a while. Mr. Olson
was registered at the Oregon.
Habits n hotel registration change
as evidence "Mike and wife." who ar
rived and registered at the Benson Ho
tel from Oregon City yesterday.
IX. F. MeCormtek. of St. Helens, who
builds ships when he has not a strike
on his hands, registered at the lien
son. H. J. Ginn. of Morn, who buys and
sells hardware for a living, was at the
Perkins yesterday.
Mr. and Mr. B. F. Hopkins came
from Astoria to spend a lew days at
the rerkins.
The State Board of Pharmacists held
a meeting at the Hotel Portland yes
terday. Miss Hnzel Downing, of Salem, ar
rived at the Portland yesterday.
Eric V. Hrtuser. of the Multnomah
Hotel, left last night for Seattle.
R. A. Thompson, who up to two
years ago was in Portland as the
Thompson Optical Company, is In Port
land at the Hotel Benson. He has been
in Honolulu.
Co. I lfiOlh Infantry.
VANCOUVER. Wash.. Jan. 20. (To
the Editor.) Please Inform me where
Company F. 160th Infantry, which ar
rived In France about August, 1918, ls?
Were they In active service, and when
are they due to return?
A SOLDIER'S SISTER.
It ls part of the 40th Division. It
was evidently sent over for replacement
purposes and probably did not see ac
tive service. The division headquarters
has been Revlgny. France, for some
time. It Is not booked for return, but
the division will have priority in re
turn.
Roster of 17ns.
TROUTDALE, Or., Jan. 20. CTo tho
Editor.) Please give me the meaning
of "Roster of Company H, "13th Infan
try, organized July 16, 1738." For what
purposo was it organized in 1798?
J. L. K.
A roster is merely the roll of mem
bers of a military unit the list of their
names. The presumption is that this
Company H was organized during the
time of Washington, but whether as a
regular Army unit or merely as a mili
tia unit we have no way of knowing
Battalion nmbfra Needed.
SALEM. Or.. Jan. 20. (To the Edi
tor.) Can you tell me where Company
C M. G. B. N.. formerly of Camp Iewis
is located now? MRS. Ii. M. K.
There is no way of telling where this
machine gun battalion the abbrevla
tion Is M. G. Bn. without knowing the
battalion number.
The Congress of Vienna.
From the Encyclopedia Eritannlca.
The fall ot Napoleon was only
achieved by the"' creation of a special
alliance between Great Britain, Aus
tria. Russia and Prussia. By the treaty
of Chaumont of March 10. 1814. these
four powers bound themselves toaether
In a bond which was not to be dis
solved when peace was concluded.
When Napoleon had been beaten.
France conceded to these allies by a
secret article of the first treaty of
Paris of May 30, 1S14. the disposition
of all' countries which Napoleon's fall
had freed from French suzerainty.
This stupendous task was reserved for
a general congress, and it was agreed
to meet at Vienna.
The visit of the allied sovereigns
to England and the pressing encase
ments of the Emperor Alexander and
Lord Castlereagh delayed the congress
until Autumn, when all Europe sent its
representatives to accept the hospi
tality of the impoverished but mag
nificent Austrian court.
Metternich. thouch he had not yet
completely established his position,
acted as chief Austrian representative,
and he was n-ituarally In his capacity
of host the president of the congress.
Frledrich von Gents acted as secre
tary both to him and the congress,
and did much of the routine work.
Alexander of Russia directed his own
diplomacy, and round him he had gath
ered a brilliant body of men who could
express but not control their master's
desires. Of these the chief were for
eigners, according to the traditions of
Russian diplomacy. Capo d'Istrla.
Nesselrode, Stein, Poszo di Borgo were
perhaps the best men In Europe to
manage the Russian policy, while Czar
toriskl represented at the Imperial
court the hope of Polish nationality.
Frederick William III. of Trussla.
was a weaker character, and, as will
be seen, his policy was largely deter
mined by his ally. Prince' von Harden
berg. who by no means shared all the
views of his master, but was incapaci
tated by his growing infirmities, was
first Prussian plenipotentiary, and as
sisting him was Baron von Humboldt.
Great Britain was represented by
Lord Castlereagh. and under him were
the British diplomats who had been
attached to the foreign armies since
11J. Ulancarty, Stewart and Cathcart.
Castlereagh brought with him decided
ews, which, however, were not alto
gether those of his cabinet, and his
position was weakened by the fact that
Ureat Britain was still at war with
the Lnlted States, and that public
opinion at home cared for little but
the abolition of the nave trade. When
parliamentary duties called Castle
reagh home In February. 1S15. the
Duke of Wellington filled his place
with adequate dlnrity and statesman
ship until the war broke out.
f ranee sent Pnnco Tallevrand to
conduct her difficult affairs. No other
man was so well fitted for the task
of maintaining the interests of a de
feated country. His rare diplomatic
skiu and supreme intellectual endow
ments were to enabte him to nlav i
deciding part in the coming congress.
aii tne minor powers of Europe were
represented ior all felt that their In
terests were at stake In the coming
settlement. - Gathered there also were a
host of publicists, scretarics and cour
iers, and never before had Europe wit
nessed such a collection of rank and
talent. From tho first the social side
of the congress Impressed observers
with its wealth an variety, nor did
the statesmen disdain to use the dining
table or the ballroom as the instru
ments of their diplomacy.
All Europe waited with eager expec
tation the results oi so great an as
sembly. The fate of Poland and Saxony
hung In the balance; Germany awaited
an entirely new reorganization: Italy
was again ready for dismemberment;
rumors went that even the pope and
the Sultan might be largely affected.
Some there were who hoped that so
great an opportunity would not be lost,
but that the statesmen would Initiate
such measures of international dis
armament as would perpetuate the
blessings of that peace which Europe
was again enjoying after 20 years of
warfare.
It was not long, however, before the
allies displayed their intention of keep
ing the management of affairs in their
own hands. At an informal meeting
on the 22d of September the four great
powers Bgrced that all subjects of gen
eral interest were to bo settled by a
committee consisting of Austria. Rus
sia. Prussia and Ureat Britain, to
gether with France and Spain. At the
same time, however, it was decided by
a secret protocol that the four powers
should first settle .imong themselves
the distribution of the conquered ter
ritories, and that France and Spain
should only be consulted when their
final decision was announced.
"COMMEXDED" NOT -COM)EMNEIV
Mr. Ford's Advice Helnfnt. I,- i-
dltidual Jlast I'ajr Price of Son-ru.
PORTLAND. Jan. 51. (To the i--.il.
tor.) Being a dally reade.- and also n
admirer of The Orejonian. I was
chagrined by reading tl e editorial. "The
Kecipe for Success. 1 am sumri.sert at
what seems to tne to be a prejudiced
point of view.
In too first place It condemn prd
for his attempt to help the young men
Bet .ihead. Personally. I am not un
fjmircr oi r orn. out i .mi willing to
let mm try out his own ideas at his own
expense and not attempt to throw ob
stacles in his way by discrediting hi
attempt before he gels started. Vour
crltitcism of the Issue which has al
ready appeared may be O. K., as I have
nut. pern ii. iiul to conaemn tils aims
and Ideas before he has had time to
try incra out seems decidedly prema
ture.
1 am not convinced that either Ford
or Orison Swett Marden in his "di
dactic philosophy." as your editorial
calls It. ever hoped that their In
spirational stuff should prove a pana
cea for all the dead ones who couldn't
bo successful, even If they Inherited
success, as some rich men's sons have
done. 1 believe, however, that their
aim Is to help rather than do nothing
at all. If so. they are both treading In
the right direction.
Previously I have had four years" ex
perience In selecti:.-, hiring, placing
and developing young men and boys in
a nig business tnat employed more than
iOOO men and boys. Some of these boys
would have forged ahead In spite of all
the obstacles that could have - been
placed in their way. But the number
would have been surprisingly few.
(This seems to be your method). Manv
of these young fellows were helped by
Marden 8 stuff. Because of it many of
them got ahead faster with It than
they would have done without It. Even
the few who didn't need it, I believe,
got ahead faster than they v,ould have
done without it.
Consequently I am not willing to
condemn anything that his good in It.
even though It does not have as much
as I would like. Neither can I let
such condemnation pass by unnoticed.
Yours for the good of Oregon.
FRANK -V XAGLET.
It Is difficult to determine how the
correspondent reaches the conclusion
that the article to which he refers
"condemns" Mr. Ford In any way. In
deed, the word "commend" ls used
more than once, and it is specifically
pointed out that some men "will be
greatly helped" by Mr. Ford's counsel.
Mr. Kord ls commended also for sug
gesting opportunities for rising young
men. Tho point of the article, which
the correspondent seems to have
missed, was that neither Mr. Ford's ad
vice nor that of anyone else would
avail if the individual himself were not
willing to "pay the price of success."
Since the correspondent and the edi
tor seem, as a matter of fact, to be In
agreement, there ls not much room for
argument. "
In Other Days.
Twentrlie Tears A so.
From The Orefonian, January 22, 1594.
New York. Lillian Russell, the noted
actress, was married today for the third
time. This time her husband is John
Chatterton. whose stage name is Signor
Perugini.
Paris. General Emile Mellinet. father
of the French army, is dead.
Taris. Sarah Bernhardt narrowly es
caped being poisoned last night. One
of her servants put laudanum by mis
take into her tea.
Vienna. Ex-King Milan, of Serbia,
has returned to Belgrade and has pre
cipitated a cabinet crisis. He was
given an ovation on his arrival.
Fifty Years A are.
From The Oresonlan. January 22. lfs.
Jacksonville. No more deaths from
smallpox havo occurred. All patients
are convalescent and it is believed tho
epidemic is over.
The steamer Union, reported sunk on
the Yamhill River between Lafayette
and Mc.Minnville. has arrived safely at
the basin at Oregon City.
The town of La Grande has its Com
mon Council and has assumed the airs
of a city.
PEOPLE'S INSISTENCE UNWELCOME!
Legislature Should Not Be Annoyed by
Representative Delegations.
SALEM. Or.. Jan. 20. (To the Edl-i
tor.) The Oregonlan's Salem cone
spondence contains this paragraph:
wee, it predictions and whispericr
run true to form, there will be a swarm of
bills introduced in House and Senate, ail
of them designed to draw the lobbying
fraternity toward the legislative halls. They
will range, it Is rumored, from radical re
ductions in prices of corporation commodities
to complete congestion ot property. Anl
to make tho play strong, those who are
framing this class of bills threaten seriously
to urge thWr passage unless, of course
hcavlly-ladrn suitcases and midnight ban
quets are placed hlga on the l:st ot legu.a,
tive procedure.
such statements are, of course, a
serious reflection upon the Legislature,
and I very much doubt whether they
are Justified at all. I am quite sure
that they have no foundation as re
gards the Legislature as a whole. It
has been some years since the practice
was made if Introducing bills into the
Oregon Legislature for the purpose of
"baiting" corporations. I have had some
personal experience in the Legislature
and 1 have never failed to find there
men ot both conscience and ability anil
performing serious and disinterested
service for the state.
Wholeealo criticism and insinuation,
however, have a very strong tendency
to discourage such men and to lower
the legislative morale. I have known
of more than one instance where men
of first-class ability and high purposo
have served a term in the Legislaluro
and then have refused to serve acain
because of the miscellaneous criticisms
and general disposition to belittle and
undervalue all the work of the Legis
lature. To pet good service from any
man it is well to let him KnovC that h,3
services .ire appreciated.
While I have the floor I would like,
to mention one other matter that is
worthy of consideration, especially by
the people of the city of Portland. There
Is an old practice of bringing before
tho Legislature in Its closing days Icr
islation of the greatest importance to
the state In a "cut-and-dried" form and
suddenly swooping down on the Leg
islature with a strong lobby of leading
citizens of Portland and demanding sus
pension of the rules and Instant action
and implying in no unmistakable terms
that none of the members of the Legis
lature are supposed to have any ldca
of any value or to be possessed of sucli
character that their views ought to b
respected. The powers of the Legisla
ture are thus promptly relegated to tho
"rubber-stamp" function.
Men of first-class ability, brains and
influence, but of over-selfish person
alities, are responsible for this state ot
affairs. They would do well to consider
tho advisability of maintaining tho
functions of the different branches ot
the state government. They are en
eager to score their points that they
llttle realize that they are by their
conduct adding fuel to the flame started
by those extreme theorists who talk or
abolishing tho Legislature and who are
unconsciously helping to swing de
mocracy toward other forms of govern
ment. Legislation along "reconstruction
lines Is yet to be framed. Certain lead
ing citizens of Portland will doubtless
cogitate long and earnestly and allow
the early part of the session to pass,
and then perhaps give a banquet to a.
few friends in the Legislature, pre
paratory to a sudden "swoop" upon the.
lawmakers and proceed to curry every
thing by storm. The legislator who.
tries to find out the details of wh;ti
he Is voting for, or who makes a u -pestlon.
will promptly be pilloried as
unpatriotic, "small potatoes." and Id
fact guiltv ot lese majeste.
" LlXMSLATOPv.
SERVICE THAT DEM AMIS SIPPOHT
lr. Sonmrr Dlrerls AntUIaflaeassj
(MPaKii Without (isrge.
PORTLAND. Jan. 21. (To the Ed
itor.) no'tco The Oresonian's com
plimentary editorial relative to tho
gratuitous servi.-es of Dr. Coffey and
his associates in endeavoring to com
bat the present epidemic of Inlluenzs,
and I am ple.-ised to see public recog
nition given them.
I would also like to call the atten
tion of the public. throuKli you. to tho
services of Dr. Err.st A. s-ommer in this
same work. Pr. Sommer. at the earnest
solicitation of th County and City
Commissioners, has assumed the re
sponsibility of conducting tho effortl
of tho consolidated publK- health ad
ministration absolutely without charge
for his services, and up to the pr:3e. t
time has assumed all of his personal ex
penses Incident to tho onerous dulic.i
Involved in the work.
I believe that if the public knew
what this m.m is endeavoring to do for
their welf.iro there would be a moro
generous and hearty response to hH
appeals for co-onern t ion.
liUl-'L'S C. HOLM AN.
Tho Oregonian thinks- Dr. Sommer'S
service Is worthy of all commendation.
It said so in the article to which Mr.
Holman calls attention, and In another
editorial article Monday. January 12
Concrete floats for Flan.
Exchange.
Concrete boats may be used by Can
dlan and Alaskan fishermen In tna
North Pacific At Seal Cove, near
Prince Rupert. B. C. a shipyard in
building a small concrete boat, the first
of Its kind constructed on northern
waters. The boat ls to be a email gad
engine launch, but Its builders hope toj
turn out larger craft later.
Names of Commanders.
EUGENE. Or.. Jan. 20. (To the Edi
tor.) Please namo tho commander oe
the Eisrhth Division: also give me th
name of tho Captain of tho S3u Flel-1
Artillery. Battery A. A. B. C.
It so happens that the names of new
ther of these commanders has been in
nounced.
111th Field Slcnul Btlion.
PR1 NEVILLE, Or.. Jan. 20. (To th
Editor.) In what division is Company
C. 111th Field Signal Battalion, and Is it
listed for return home?
A BROTHER.
It Is a part of the 36th Division,
not yet listed fur return.
1