;ttIE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, . JANUARY 22, 1919. PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Fostofrlce a j t,,wr?ot '5JaT!!innt.-rhiv m advance: fR Mail I naily, Pun-Jay included, one. year ss.uw i laiiy. Sunday included, eix montns.. 2 I J'aily, Sun-lay included, one month.. . j ail v, wilhout sunn ay, one year Tidily, without Sunday, six months.. . pailv. without Sunday, one month... . "Weekly, one ear f-'unday. one jear. ......... ......... fcunday and Weekly 6.00 .HO 1.00, 2. SO a. oo (By Carrier.) rs!ly. Sunday Included, one year. . . .. 1 -ailv. Sunday included, one month. . . T'mi'v. Sunday Included, three months 3 istlv, without Sunday, one year Iiaily, without Sunday, three month. Dailv, without Funday. one month... . .J9.no . .T5 . 2.'.! 5 . 7.S0 . .60 How to Kemit Send postofflce money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. .Stamns. coin or currency are Mt own er's risk. CJive postofflce adi'rjss in, ml'. a- rlnlin? eniintv and state. Postage! Kates 12 to naRjs. 1 cent. 18 to 32 pages. 2 cents: S4 'o 4S pair's. . cents. f,0 to liu paces. cents; 62 to Trt pags. 6 cents: 78 to 82 pases, cents.'Toreten. post age, double rates. Eastern Buainrw Office Verree ft Conk lln Urunawi. k building. New York: Virre A onkliti. stftcr hmkliiic. Chicago; errce at . ,r- T, k,.il.lln(T ll.'tr! . Mirll. . Kun t'ranclsLO rcDresentative. R. J. Bjaweii. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. Ac.nr-tatrl press is exclusively enti tled to the use for republication or aii news dispatches credited to It or njt otherwise credited to this paper, and also the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. rORTLAND, WEDNESDAY. JAN. 23. 1919. THE WOOD SHIP VINDICATED, The cloud of hostile propaganda which has been spread over the wood chip by the steel shipbuilding inter ests is effectually dissipated by the report of James O. Heyworth on the occasion of his resignation as manager of the wood ship division of the Shipping Board. This propaganda has emanated chiefly from the Atlantic Coast, which has conspicuously failed in producing steel tonnage and which, therefore, would better have been dis creetly silent about the success of wood ehips built almost entirely in other eections, particularly on the Pacific Coast. In flat contradiction of Senator Calder's statement, on the authority of steel shipbuilders, that wood ships "were never fit for overseas traffic, we learn from Mr. Heyworth that they have made voyages to Manila, the west coast of Africa, Chile and Honolulu, as well as along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts and among the West Indies. They carried coal, ni trates, sulphur, sugar, pineapples and canned goods, ana tney Drougni an I entire susrar crop from Hawaii "with- cut any greater damage than ls sus tained in steel ships," and "with sub Kt'intinllu nr lnqs trt ttif KVt 1 nnprs." While the men who have denounced the wood Ship as a failure have been I pouring money into a swamp at Hog I Island, "the entire wood shipbuilding I programme has shown an efficiency I of over 72J, per cent," ninety-four wood ships have been put in service and eighty-five of them have made I 305 voyages covering 490,422 miles.' I Because three of the ninety-four ships were lost at sea, we have been told that the wood ship is unsea worthy. One of these three foundered in a gale off the Pacific Coast, an other was abandoned at sea in the same storm by an inexperienced crew. but could have been saved by a crew 1 That he may have been the mere pup which was experienced with wood I pet of great criminals is perhaps ships; and the third was struck bj I lightning and burned at sea. The I principal reason why an equal propor- tion of disasters has not befallen fab- as a traitor. Louis XVI was con ricated steel ships is that only four demned to death by a national con of them had been delivered to Novem- vention and executed as a traitor. ber 11, the others being on the ways, where they are safe from storms, or I existing only on paper. j The man who is most competent to I Judge bears this testimony to the I merits of the wood ships: It has been demonstrated that the ves sels of the wooden fleet have rendered val uable service in both, coastwise and trans oceanic runs. The construction of wooden ships has been Justitled by the account which these ves- scls rave of themselves in actual service. For tho shorter runs or coastwise traffic, for service in the Mediterranean and the Da-lie, wnoiien emps snouiu continue to i u.u. ,.u pruMu,e purpose. That is practically all that has been claimed lor wood ships of the size hitherto built. But the 5000-ton Co- lumbia River ship designed by Port- land shipbuilders would have enough cargo capacity ior trans-oceanic serv- ice. Nor is Mr. Heyworth s statement exactly correct that, when the Fleet Corporation began operations, "there was not in existence a design of a wood steamship that would meet the demands of the situation." Ships were actually building in Portland accord- intr to two such deserts hut thi Shipping Board did not find them, be- cause it did not look In the right place, though it has since adopted s adopted these very designs. It looked for de signs on the Atlantic Coast, where the wood ship industry is dead, and it employed a steel ship architect to make new designs, instead of looking on the Pacific Coast, where the in dustry was not only alive but growing. It is too late in the day to expect the Shipping Board to confess its error in undervaluing the wood ship and in plunging on the fabricated steel ship. The latter may in time justify itself, but time was precisely what the board lacked to meet the war emer gency. All that builders of wood ships ask is that the board get out of the way, remove its restrictions from con tracts and labor arrangements, and leave both wood and steel to win or lose on their merits. The wood ship would then win its proper place. CONTINUED NEED FOR FOOD ECONOMY. The report of Herbert Hoover on food conditions in the occupied dis xricts or iieigium and jNortnern 1 ranee will make Americans more than ever willing to continue to economize in their use of food, because it shows mar. rne people or tnose regions are doing everything possible to render themselves sclt-supporting. They no longer ask ror charity, nor are they willing to accept it a day longer than is necessary to ward otr actual starva- tion. Prior to the German evacuation, wnicn was accomplished in the latter part or .November and early in De- cember barely a month ago about j.ouu.uuu persons in jeigium were destitute. Already, tnrougn tne energy of the people in getting back to work this number has already been de creased to 2,000,000, and within an other month it is expected that it will be reduced to not more than 1,000 000. It seems plain that they are do ing their part to the fullest possible extent. They add to the sympathy which has been felt for them as help less sufferers the respect In which we hold those -who ask no odds of any man. Mr. Hoover's survey of the rest of Europe, while not complete, shows that the best efforts of other desti tute peoples will not avail to prevent starvation unless help is given be- I tween now and next harvest time. I The minimum needs of Europe, and I chiefly ot newly-liberated peoples, are I estimated at 1,400,000 tons of food 1 frora America. In some of these coun- I tries the last harvest was a complete iaiiure, ana in otners xne processes i or iooa proauction nave Deen enure- ly suspended by conditions over which I the sufferers have no control. To I save out of our own production 1,400,- I 000 tons of staple, portable food ma- erial is, therefore, our duty. It would heighten the tragedy of the war if the I people we fought to set free should die as the result of famine at the dawn of their new day. The economies now called for will 1 be voluntary. Restrictions having I been removed, dependence must be placed on the consciences of Individ- 1 uals; but these will be sufficient, we I think, when the facts are known. AN EASY WAT, Nothing could be finer than to say that every Oregon soldier who de sires it can find a position in an Oregon factory, shop or mill. This is being pointed out by Mayor Baker in letters to 5000 employers, and gener ally by others who discuss the re adjustment problem. The factories, shops and mills, we assume, are wining to ao ail mai is feasible or practicable, but how many of the people, rich and poor, remem ber that they also can do a part in gaining the desired end? The Oregon manufacturer looks largely to Oregon for his consumers. Ik is 1113 Allah. CL11U, All UHbUItM 1JC1U. I If he can acquire Oregon s fullest support, he can do more than he can 5m;riiQtoiv h i ,. t,t . , . I He will become fortified to widen his Pocketror, rather, of his own cor trade area; he can thereby bring new Poratl " pocket; and it was his ap- irirtnpv in in t h f r m m 1 1 n 1 r v- nonr mcnw 1 will ii i- ii i ii ii ii iicm ii 1 1 1 1 cuiaigcu Oct V' ices; thus payrolls will grow and all classes of the community will prosper. It is not charity that the Oregon manufacturer asks; it is preference for his goods only when quality and prices are as good as those of others, with consideration also of quick delivery when that Is advantageous. So the public can do something for the soldier and for itself as well, with out waiting for legislation by state or Nation. The plan is simplicity itself: Buy at home and thereby help your home manufacturer employ your home soldiers. MARTIROOM AND BOLSHEVISM. The Oreffonlan now speaks of the Czar's martyrdom," at least in its headlines. It does not show much Judgment in choosing; itn idols hut thft flttumnt In make n ri.rwnt martyr out of the late Nicholas is particular 'y hopeless. It is interesting; to recall the names and histories of some other royal criminals, besides Nicholas, who are num. bered anions the "martyrs." There are I Charles I of it-ngland, for Instance, and I HisTis roVBTnTkiT the names in haroes for the same kind of reactionaries as those who adore the late Czar. Here is the latest and most auda clous outgiving of Bolshevism from the Bolshevik Evening Journal. If It is not a sympathetic outburst for the murderous crowd that tortured the Czar and his family wife and children and finally shot them to death after unspeakable cruelties last- ing through many days, what is it? The Oregonian spoke of the "mar tyrdom of the Romanoffs,'? not of the Czar alone. But It does not condone or excuse the murder even of a Czar. aside from the mark. Charles First was condemned to death by Parliament and executed publicly Nero committed suicide, after hearing that he had been sentenced to death by the Roman Senate; and Caligula was assassinated by Romans who thought they were performing a pub lic duty. There is no parallel between the methods 6f execution in these cases, which in three instances had the sanction of responsible bodies acting publicly, and the gross and awful atrocity by which the Czar, the Iririm and tnoir- rhlMmn ,,i uzarina ana tneir children were put out Of the way by hired villains. jMuroer is murder, wnether of a weak-minded autocrat and his wife and innocent children or of the hum- blest citizen: and The Oregonian does not reserve its indignation for denun- ciation of murder and murderers only when the members of one class are i the victims. THE PROFESSION OF FARMING. Agriculture is indebted to Thomas F. Hunt, author of a book on "The loung rarraer: Some Things He Should Know," for putting in form oeijuuo tan unuersiana an esu- mate or lne value or education to the larmer- He finds upon investigation or tne relative earning power of farm- ers of various degrees of schooling that "the high school education was equivalent to S6000 worth of 5 per cent bonds." Since such an education docs not cost the boy $6000, even if his time is taken into consideration, and since the investment is a perma- ment one, it will be conceded that it is an excellent thing. It ls like getting liberty bonds at half or a third of their par value, and it is precisely the opposite of a mortgage on the farm. It is further disclosed, although not reduced to precise figures, that farm ers with college training are obtain ing higher incomes from their farms than those whose school days ended with the high school. Here the in creased income doubtless Is more va riable, in accordance with the capacity of the individual to absorb the benefits of college education and to adapt it to practical needs. His choice of an alma mater may also have something to ao witn tne ultimate result. But it is agreed here also that education pays, in dollars and cents, as well as in other ways. Of the "other wavs " which include greater Joy in living, it is, perhaps, less necessary to speak in detail if the dollars and cents point is proved. Most men are convinced before hand that if they can increase their incomes they can find wavs of spending them to their own advantage. I Five ner cent on S6000 is S30O a year. A permanent addition of 1300 to the farmer's earning capacity is especially worth considering because it is an addition to his "velvet." The first money he commonly receives must eo for absolute necessities. There is an irreducible minimum in farming as In other lines of industry. The! added $300 which is credited to edu-I cation does not take account, we sup- pose, of the further reward of thrift, of exceptional Industry and of rein- vestment of increased income thus made possible. The latter constitutes a kind of compound interest, and both borrowers and investors know how compound Interest has a way of run- nlng into enormous sums. The lesson seems to be that the boy who intends to stay on the farm should obtain high school education at any sacrifice, and that he should add to this a course in college if that is humanly pos sibie. We know that it is possible, College education is within the reach of every youth who possesses suffi cient resoluton to insist on having one. We no longer adhere to the notion uih.l a. nmu can iarm wno can uo noming eise. Agriculture is taxing its place among the. professions. It is true that there are farmers who did not attend school In their youth, and who, notwithstanding their handicap. have been remarkably successful. This is due to exceptional qualities, and does not vitiate" the rule that the right kind of education is worth to the farmer all that it costs. Farmers themselves are seeing the light. They are sending their boys to school in increasing numbers. The demand foe rural high schools shows the sentiment here. Kvery new high school means a certain number of prospective col lege students. The number of boys who have left the farming districts because the cities afforded better edu cational opportunities is undoubtedly very large. Better rural high schools will help keep them home: and the added $300 and more a year of earning capacity also will help to keep them there. Better schools and better farms, better farms and still better schools constitute the most desirable kind of L.,. ,v.it, THE INDISPENSABLE EDSEL. Edscl Ford is a son of Henry Ford, and he is general manager of the Ford eomoration at Detroit, and his 6alary ls $150,ooo per year. Evidently -, . - . . . . - , , t( ,, c",v"r"w " mS 7l i V VT V ". since his philanthropic father is paying this great sum out of his own ing draft board had refused to grant him exemption, on his plea that his service was necessary to a necessary industry. Granting that the making of Ford cars ls a necessary industry, it is not necessarily true that any particular manager ls necessary, to a necessary industry. But the senior Ford knew Kdsel's indispensabillty to his neces sary industry, and by his appeal to Washington the exemption was granted on the high the highest authority. If the value of one's work is to be measured in terms of salary, Edsel Ford Is twice as useful a man a3 the President of the United States, and six times as useful as a mere Cabinet officer. Or should we say that Edsel Is worth six Cabinet officers? It will not do to qualify the estimate by say ing that he is worth as much as some Cabinet officers, six of them; for all Cabinet officers are paid the same He IS WOrtn, in terms Ot money, aDOUC eitrhtppn tlmps as much as a Sunreme Pge ot Oregon It may , be plausibly argued that It is Henry Ford's concern, and he can pay his own son what he pleases, out of his profits. Waving aside the question as to the interests of the minority stockholders, and also the higher price of Ford cars, which most people must have, we seem to recall that Henry Ford once proudly said that he would neither make nor ac cept war profits. The Ford company recently declared a 200 per cent an nual dividend. The Ford idea must be that it wasn't profit worth mentioning. THE . BIGHT TO DEMAND RESCLTS. The member of the Legislature wnose letter is printed today is super- sensitive. So long as the legislative body is not the Judge of mere Intro duction of bills the Legislature as a whole will not be held responsible for presentation of "freak" or "cinch" bills. Nor can it be a reflection upon that body to repeat rumors that some such bill is to be introduced. The quality of a particular Legislature is finally Judged by the character of the bills it passes. But the supersensitive member has another complaint. It is against the appearance in" the closing days of the session of strong lobbies of influential men with measures which they insist shall be passed. But what is to be done, when the session nears its close and outstanding, constructive legisla tion has not been passed and presents no promise of adoption? Such was the case two years ago as regards highway legislation. The Leg islature was bogged, and the people who also were bogged in another way were demanding roads. A com prehensive road programme and a unique method of financing it which has since been widely copied were conceived outside of the Legislature. nie plan was, in laci, carried to eaiem I ny a body of representative citizens, I Their influence started the programme on its way and the people by their votes heartily approved it. I What is a Legislature for if not to reflect in legislation tho will of the I people? Certainly it is not created to judge arbitrarily whether the people I shall have that which they want. Nor is the Legislature a kindly patriarch elected by a docile and ignorant peo ple to hand down blessings and favors. This is a representative government. Whether there shall be visitations from representative and 'insistent dele gations interested in legislation of im portance depends wholly upon the Legislature itself. A trip to Salem is not enough of a lark to attract busy men away from their personal affairs But If time grows short and big things remain to be done, then the Legisla ture may expect the infliction, such as it is. Therein there will be exercise of a fundamental prerogative. ALL THAT THE TRAFFIFC 1VILL BEAR. The principle affirmed by Inter state Commerce Commissioner Aitchi son in his order that the Railroad Ad- ministration revise lumber rates from Northern California to the interior and the Atlantic seaboard is so self- I evident that the attempt to question it Is cause for surprise. The need of a Judicial body like the Interstate Commerce Commission to control rate I making is most conclusively proved by I the astonishine- doctrinn of th Rail- 1 road Administration that extraordi- narily high rates on lumber do not work a hardship on the industry be- cause of the abnormal prices being 1 received for the products, That is the old. brutal rule of "charge all that the traffic will bear' which was followed in the days of un restrained private operation and pro I voked the irresistible demand for pub 1 lie regulation. The people expected I that when the Government took I charge of the railroads the principles of justice and reasonableness upon which they have insisted through thirfcy years of agitation would be I practiced. On the contrary, the Rail I road Administration frankly revives the discarded rule .as a principle of a Government operation. It says in ef- I feet, as Ct P. Huntington might have said: "The lumbermen are making lots of money. They can stand it." If that is to be the system, the greater is the need of a commission to review the rates made by the Rail road Administration in order to make them Just and reasonable. Under pri vate operation competition afforded some little relief from the impositions practiced by railroad managers who had. such low ideals; under Govern ment operation there is no possibility of relief except in the authority claimed by the commission and denied by the Railroad Administration. Hence there is greater need of a reviewing body. That was no doubt the inten tion of Congress when it made rates of the Government subject to revision by the commission. To assert that Congress did not intend that the com mission should have power to bring rates fixed by the. Railroad Adminis tration into conformity with Justice and reason is to assert that Congress reversed the policy consistently pur sued for thirty years, for the simple reason that the Government hod sup planted the corporations. While the latter had announced that they would charge all the traffic would bear' in conversation and newspaper Inter views, they left it for tho Government boldly to assert that doctrine in a Ju dicial proceeding and to challenge any authority to set it aside. Moreover, it is not true that the lumbermen are earning such profits that they can be indifferent to the railroad rates which they pay. While the price which they receive has risen, the cost of labor and material has also risen enormously. The lumber men of the Pacific Coast are in active competition with those Of the South, and their product must be hauled twice as far in order to reach com petitive markets. The Railroad Ad ministration gave no attention to this fact when it made a general advance of 25 per cent, whereby the amount of the increase for the longer haul was made much greater than that for the shorter haul. This difference had the effect of giving the South" an equivalent advantage. The freedom from restraint claimed by the Railroad Administration Is an Instance of the dangers Inherent In a bureaucracy. It tends to ride rough shod over all legislative and Judicial restraints. Its pet scheme is to re duce all things, to uniformity without regard to the fact that each problem in business. and government is differ ent from all others. Just as each man is unlike all other men. The bureaucrat adopts a certain theory, rule or system and tries to "jam it through" and to overrule all protests. The sooner Con gress takes the railroads out of the hands of the Government the better. The legal attack upon the Federal prohibition amendment, so far as it relies upon the ground that it was not passed In Congress by an actual two thirds of the elected membership, is leaning upon a broken reed. The Springfield (Mass.) Republican prints an extract from a recent decision of the United States Supreme Court which indicates the attitude of that body toward the question. In the case at bar President Taft's veto was attacked on the ground that it was not over ridden by two-thirds of the entire membership of the Senate. The court was quite definite in its statement that "in the absence of express command to the contrary" the two-thirds vote re quired is two-thirds of a quorum em powered to transact other legislative business. And there is no express rc- uirement in the constitution that mendments shall require two-thirds of the "elected membership" for their ubmrssion. A state prison could be built by con tract, stipulation being made to cm- ploy convict labor at reasonable pay to the men and such materials used as the state owns. If Oregon owns a quarry, use rock. If to be of brick, the state has clay in abundance. In this way most of the inmates could be kept at work over a long period and each have something when his time was up. There would be eyes plenty to see that the labor was not abused. Killing of a whale by an aviator suggests many possibilities to airmen. They might take unsportsmanlike ad vantage of lions, elephants and deer n Africa or shoot fish in tho depths of clear water. Even the eagle will have no security In the cerulean heights. When a speeder is arrested and wants to fight the officer, he should be accommodated and given satisfac tion, good and plenty. Tho uniform should not be a handicap to a harassed official. A city employe shows much nerve n holding a job In a shipyard for side money Just now, and Mayor Baker is right in jarring him loose. He's about as raw aj the fellow who lets his wife work. The boy who buys a milk goat and makes a profit on her should not be expected to give his money to any cause. A lad is not getting a fair start if asked to "buy dead hoss." Holland's agreements with the allies come too late to have any value, for they have tho appearance of jumping in the band wagon. A safety first friend is noriend in need. In a shipyard strike the ships can await building. Soon or late there will be settlement of the disputes, but the ships do not worry. The tale that the French charged rent for their trenches having been refuted, we wonder what the secret trouble-makers will Invent next. Better a call down for beingdate on the job than loss of life in trying to board a moving car. It looks easy and it is, all but the last time. There is cold comfort for the central poweis in Lord Robert Cecil's state ment of the conditions for admission to the peace league. Perhaps if the allies could get guns. ammunition and food to the Russians. they would soon dispose of the Bol shevik!. Mr. Roman, of Clatsop, would abol ish tipping by fining tipper and tippee, but it's a huge undertaking. A billion or two more in the victory liberty loan will not matter. Investors this time will buy to keep. The best welcome for the soldier is his old job or a new one at the same pay or belter. An apple a day will keep the doctor away, but an onion a day will repel more. TJo not let the fires go out. weather develops, snuffles. This Those Who Come and Go, If they want to put over a liberty loan. Red Cross. Y. M. C. A. or other big drive in Union County, the state managers call up Ed E. Kiddle at Is land City. Mr. Kiddle Immediately opens temporary headquarters in La Grande. Within 24 hours after the In auguration of tho drive, Mr. Kiddle telegraphs tersely: "Union County 100 per cent. If any county does better let us know and we will beat it." Mr. Kiddle then retires to his Island City home and waits for the next drive. He arrived In Portland yesterday and reg istered at the Imperial. Mr. Kiddle Is interested in patriotic drives, banklnc, slockraising ind whisper it politics. It is tho very firm opinion of L. E. Beebe, who arrived at the Oregon yes terday, that the packers have been grossly slandered in the various charfrea made aealnst them. None but prejudiced persons would take any stock in the charges, according to Mr. Rer-be, who, incidentally, ia a special field representative for Armour & 'Company. Mr. Beebe is a cousin of CJeneral C. K. Beebe. He has an ad ditional claim to fame in that he was the second per-ion to recrlster at tho Hotel Orpcan whdn it opened, yester day rrrakins his -ICU'd registration, he asserted. Scattered over th different Portland hotels re 25 Red Cross nurses from Camp Lewis. Wash., where they have been stationed with the Army nursing corps. The nurses are here to aid In the influenza, but some of them seem perplexed because up to last night none in authority seemed to be aware of their presence, they said. While still on the Army payroll, the nurses seemed to appreciate the relaxation of being on duty far from the base hospital at the Army post. Frank Coffinberry once used to r dlate joviality and "pieces for the pa per" for the old Portland Orpheum. StiU later he became manager, leaving Portland for an Eastern appointment. More recently Mr. and Mrs. Coffinberry have been located in Seattle, whence he departed for a thort visit to Port land, where he is said to bo considering offers theatrical and otherwise. Mr. Coffinberry autographed the Multno mah register. G. M. Gordon, formerly Private Gor don, arrived at the Multnomah Hotel yesterday, as a discharged soldier. He will take a position with a local tool company. When Mr. Gordon enlisted he had his own business and he figures that the war cost him S0.000. Mr. Gordon's home is in California, where he inspected airplane parts for the Government. In these days when the Government ls so closely Investigating Incomes. Frank Eloan, of Stanfield, does not care to be quoted on tho exact total of his net profits in stockralsingr. Mr. Sloan does, however, wink one eye, with ev ery Indication of complete satisfaction over what the gods have wrought. No, he did not think meat would be cheap er. rr. Herbert C. Miller, of North Pa cific Dental College and president of the National Aseociation of Dental Faculties, left Portland yesterday en route for Atlanta. Ga.. to preside at a specially-called meeting of the associa tion. January 27. Dr. Miller will also attend the annual meeting of the Amer ican Institute of Dental Teachers. Jerome Day, who ''doubles In brass" both as an active hotel operator and as a mineowner, arrived at the hotel of which he Is part owner yesterday. Mr. Day 5s a part owner of the Hotel Portland as well as of the famous Her cules mine, at Wallace, ldiho. When S. S. Jacobs, of 'Juneau, Alaska. reRistered at the Portland yesterday and compressed his oijtnature Into ex actly seven-eighths of an inch lineally speaking, the Portland clerks thousht tho world's minimum hotel registration record had been broken. F. J. Oliver, of Vancouver, Wash.. and formerly of Lewiston. Idaho, is a patient at the Portland Medical Hos- nital. suffering; from a general DreaK down. It will be teveral weeks before he is able to be up and about. J. G. Cochrane, of Coeur d Alene, ar rived at the Perkins Hotel yesterday. He likes the climate. In the Coeur d'Alenes at present the mercury is seeking cover at the bottom of the thermometer. A. Whlsnant, who presides over the editorial destinies of the Bend press, arrived at the Benson Hotel yesterday. Lieutenant R. C. Olson, of Camp Lew is, felt that it was rleasant to be away from the Army for a while. Mr. Olson was registered at the Oregon. Habits n hotel registration change as evidence "Mike and wife." who ar rived and registered at the Benson Ho tel from Oregon City yesterday. IX. F. MeCormtek. of St. Helens, who builds ships when he has not a strike on his hands, registered at the lien son. H. J. Ginn. of Morn, who buys and sells hardware for a living, was at the Perkins yesterday. Mr. and Mr. B. F. Hopkins came from Astoria to spend a lew days at the rerkins. The State Board of Pharmacists held a meeting at the Hotel Portland yes terday. Miss Hnzel Downing, of Salem, ar rived at the Portland yesterday. Eric V. Hrtuser. of the Multnomah Hotel, left last night for Seattle. R. A. Thompson, who up to two years ago was in Portland as the Thompson Optical Company, is In Port land at the Hotel Benson. He has been in Honolulu. Co. I lfiOlh Infantry. VANCOUVER. Wash.. Jan. 20. (To the Editor.) Please Inform me where Company F. 160th Infantry, which ar rived In France about August, 1918, ls? Were they In active service, and when are they due to return? A SOLDIER'S SISTER. It ls part of the 40th Division. It was evidently sent over for replacement purposes and probably did not see ac tive service. The division headquarters has been Revlgny. France, for some time. It Is not booked for return, but the division will have priority in re turn. Roster of 17ns. TROUTDALE, Or., Jan. 20. CTo tho Editor.) Please give me the meaning of "Roster of Company H, "13th Infan try, organized July 16, 1738." For what purposo was it organized in 1798? J. L. K. A roster is merely the roll of mem bers of a military unit the list of their names. The presumption is that this Company H was organized during the time of Washington, but whether as a regular Army unit or merely as a mili tia unit we have no way of knowing Battalion nmbfra Needed. SALEM. Or.. Jan. 20. (To the Edi tor.) Can you tell me where Company C M. G. B. N.. formerly of Camp Iewis is located now? MRS. Ii. M. K. There is no way of telling where this machine gun battalion the abbrevla tion Is M. G. Bn. without knowing the battalion number. The Congress of Vienna. From the Encyclopedia Eritannlca. The fall ot Napoleon was only achieved by the"' creation of a special alliance between Great Britain, Aus tria. Russia and Prussia. By the treaty of Chaumont of March 10. 1814. these four powers bound themselves toaether In a bond which was not to be dis solved when peace was concluded. When Napoleon had been beaten. France conceded to these allies by a secret article of the first treaty of Paris of May 30, 1S14. the disposition of all' countries which Napoleon's fall had freed from French suzerainty. This stupendous task was reserved for a general congress, and it was agreed to meet at Vienna. The visit of the allied sovereigns to England and the pressing encase ments of the Emperor Alexander and Lord Castlereagh delayed the congress until Autumn, when all Europe sent its representatives to accept the hospi tality of the impoverished but mag nificent Austrian court. Metternich. thouch he had not yet completely established his position, acted as chief Austrian representative, and he was n-ituarally In his capacity of host the president of the congress. Frledrich von Gents acted as secre tary both to him and the congress, and did much of the routine work. Alexander of Russia directed his own diplomacy, and round him he had gath ered a brilliant body of men who could express but not control their master's desires. Of these the chief were for eigners, according to the traditions of Russian diplomacy. Capo d'Istrla. Nesselrode, Stein, Poszo di Borgo were perhaps the best men In Europe to manage the Russian policy, while Czar toriskl represented at the Imperial court the hope of Polish nationality. Frederick William III. of Trussla. was a weaker character, and, as will be seen, his policy was largely deter mined by his ally. Prince' von Harden berg. who by no means shared all the views of his master, but was incapaci tated by his growing infirmities, was first Prussian plenipotentiary, and as sisting him was Baron von Humboldt. Great Britain was represented by Lord Castlereagh. and under him were the British diplomats who had been attached to the foreign armies since 11J. Ulancarty, Stewart and Cathcart. Castlereagh brought with him decided ews, which, however, were not alto gether those of his cabinet, and his position was weakened by the fact that Ureat Britain was still at war with the Lnlted States, and that public opinion at home cared for little but the abolition of the nave trade. When parliamentary duties called Castle reagh home In February. 1S15. the Duke of Wellington filled his place with adequate dlnrity and statesman ship until the war broke out. f ranee sent Pnnco Tallevrand to conduct her difficult affairs. No other man was so well fitted for the task of maintaining the interests of a de feated country. His rare diplomatic skiu and supreme intellectual endow ments were to enabte him to nlav i deciding part in the coming congress. aii tne minor powers of Europe were represented ior all felt that their In terests were at stake In the coming settlement. - Gathered there also were a host of publicists, scretarics and cour iers, and never before had Europe wit nessed such a collection of rank and talent. From tho first the social side of the congress Impressed observers with its wealth an variety, nor did the statesmen disdain to use the dining table or the ballroom as the instru ments of their diplomacy. All Europe waited with eager expec tation the results oi so great an as sembly. The fate of Poland and Saxony hung In the balance; Germany awaited an entirely new reorganization: Italy was again ready for dismemberment; rumors went that even the pope and the Sultan might be largely affected. Some there were who hoped that so great an opportunity would not be lost, but that the statesmen would Initiate such measures of international dis armament as would perpetuate the blessings of that peace which Europe was again enjoying after 20 years of warfare. It was not long, however, before the allies displayed their intention of keep ing the management of affairs in their own hands. At an informal meeting on the 22d of September the four great powers Bgrced that all subjects of gen eral interest were to bo settled by a committee consisting of Austria. Rus sia. Prussia and Ureat Britain, to gether with France and Spain. At the same time, however, it was decided by a secret protocol that the four powers should first settle .imong themselves the distribution of the conquered ter ritories, and that France and Spain should only be consulted when their final decision was announced. "COMMEXDED" NOT -COM)EMNEIV Mr. Ford's Advice Helnfnt. I,- i- dltidual Jlast I'ajr Price of Son-ru. PORTLAND. Jan. 51. (To the i--.il. tor.) Being a dally reade.- and also n admirer of The Orejonian. I was chagrined by reading tl e editorial. "The Kecipe for Success. 1 am sumri.sert at what seems to tne to be a prejudiced point of view. In too first place It condemn prd for his attempt to help the young men Bet .ihead. Personally. I am not un fjmircr oi r orn. out i .mi willing to let mm try out his own ideas at his own expense and not attempt to throw ob stacles in his way by discrediting hi attempt before he gels started. Vour crltitcism of the Issue which has al ready appeared may be O. K., as I have nut. pern ii. iiul to conaemn tils aims and Ideas before he has had time to try incra out seems decidedly prema ture. 1 am not convinced that either Ford or Orison Swett Marden in his "di dactic philosophy." as your editorial calls It. ever hoped that their In spirational stuff should prove a pana cea for all the dead ones who couldn't bo successful, even If they Inherited success, as some rich men's sons have done. 1 believe, however, that their aim Is to help rather than do nothing at all. If so. they are both treading In the right direction. Previously I have had four years" ex perience In selecti:.-, hiring, placing and developing young men and boys in a nig business tnat employed more than iOOO men and boys. Some of these boys would have forged ahead In spite of all the obstacles that could have - been placed in their way. But the number would have been surprisingly few. (This seems to be your method). Manv of these young fellows were helped by Marden 8 stuff. Because of it many of them got ahead faster with It than they would have done without It. Even the few who didn't need it, I believe, got ahead faster than they v,ould have done without it. Consequently I am not willing to condemn anything that his good in It. even though It does not have as much as I would like. Neither can I let such condemnation pass by unnoticed. Yours for the good of Oregon. FRANK -V XAGLET. It Is difficult to determine how the correspondent reaches the conclusion that the article to which he refers "condemns" Mr. Ford In any way. In deed, the word "commend" ls used more than once, and it is specifically pointed out that some men "will be greatly helped" by Mr. Ford's counsel. Mr. Kord ls commended also for sug gesting opportunities for rising young men. Tho point of the article, which the correspondent seems to have missed, was that neither Mr. Ford's ad vice nor that of anyone else would avail if the individual himself were not willing to "pay the price of success." Since the correspondent and the edi tor seem, as a matter of fact, to be In agreement, there ls not much room for argument. " In Other Days. Twentrlie Tears A so. From The Orefonian, January 22, 1594. New York. Lillian Russell, the noted actress, was married today for the third time. This time her husband is John Chatterton. whose stage name is Signor Perugini. Paris. General Emile Mellinet. father of the French army, is dead. Taris. Sarah Bernhardt narrowly es caped being poisoned last night. One of her servants put laudanum by mis take into her tea. Vienna. Ex-King Milan, of Serbia, has returned to Belgrade and has pre cipitated a cabinet crisis. He was given an ovation on his arrival. Fifty Years A are. From The Oresonlan. January 22. lfs. Jacksonville. No more deaths from smallpox havo occurred. All patients are convalescent and it is believed tho epidemic is over. The steamer Union, reported sunk on the Yamhill River between Lafayette and Mc.Minnville. has arrived safely at the basin at Oregon City. The town of La Grande has its Com mon Council and has assumed the airs of a city. PEOPLE'S INSISTENCE UNWELCOME! Legislature Should Not Be Annoyed by Representative Delegations. SALEM. Or.. Jan. 20. (To the Edl-i tor.) The Oregonlan's Salem cone spondence contains this paragraph: wee, it predictions and whispericr run true to form, there will be a swarm of bills introduced in House and Senate, ail of them designed to draw the lobbying fraternity toward the legislative halls. They will range, it Is rumored, from radical re ductions in prices of corporation commodities to complete congestion ot property. Anl to make tho play strong, those who are framing this class of bills threaten seriously to urge thWr passage unless, of course hcavlly-ladrn suitcases and midnight ban quets are placed hlga on the l:st ot legu.a, tive procedure. such statements are, of course, a serious reflection upon the Legislature, and I very much doubt whether they are Justified at all. I am quite sure that they have no foundation as re gards the Legislature as a whole. It has been some years since the practice was made if Introducing bills into the Oregon Legislature for the purpose of "baiting" corporations. I have had some personal experience in the Legislature and 1 have never failed to find there men ot both conscience and ability anil performing serious and disinterested service for the state. Wholeealo criticism and insinuation, however, have a very strong tendency to discourage such men and to lower the legislative morale. I have known of more than one instance where men of first-class ability and high purposo have served a term in the Legislaluro and then have refused to serve acain because of the miscellaneous criticisms and general disposition to belittle and undervalue all the work of the Legis lature. To pet good service from any man it is well to let him KnovC that h,3 services .ire appreciated. While I have the floor I would like, to mention one other matter that is worthy of consideration, especially by the people of the city of Portland. There Is an old practice of bringing before tho Legislature in Its closing days Icr islation of the greatest importance to the state In a "cut-and-dried" form and suddenly swooping down on the Leg islature with a strong lobby of leading citizens of Portland and demanding sus pension of the rules and Instant action and implying in no unmistakable terms that none of the members of the Legis lature are supposed to have any ldca of any value or to be possessed of sucli character that their views ought to b respected. The powers of the Legisla ture are thus promptly relegated to tho "rubber-stamp" function. Men of first-class ability, brains and influence, but of over-selfish person alities, are responsible for this state ot affairs. They would do well to consider tho advisability of maintaining tho functions of the different branches ot the state government. They are en eager to score their points that they llttle realize that they are by their conduct adding fuel to the flame started by those extreme theorists who talk or abolishing tho Legislature and who are unconsciously helping to swing de mocracy toward other forms of govern ment. Legislation along "reconstruction lines Is yet to be framed. Certain lead ing citizens of Portland will doubtless cogitate long and earnestly and allow the early part of the session to pass, and then perhaps give a banquet to a. few friends in the Legislature, pre paratory to a sudden "swoop" upon the. lawmakers and proceed to curry every thing by storm. The legislator who. tries to find out the details of wh;ti he Is voting for, or who makes a u -pestlon. will promptly be pilloried as unpatriotic, "small potatoes." and Id fact guiltv ot lese majeste. " LlXMSLATOPv. SERVICE THAT DEM AMIS SIPPOHT lr. Sonmrr Dlrerls AntUIaflaeassj (MPaKii Without (isrge. PORTLAND. Jan. 21. (To the Ed itor.) no'tco The Oresonian's com plimentary editorial relative to tho gratuitous servi.-es of Dr. Coffey and his associates in endeavoring to com bat the present epidemic of Inlluenzs, and I am ple.-ised to see public recog nition given them. I would also like to call the atten tion of the public. throuKli you. to tho services of Dr. Err.st A. s-ommer in this same work. Pr. Sommer. at the earnest solicitation of th County and City Commissioners, has assumed the re sponsibility of conducting tho effortl of tho consolidated publK- health ad ministration absolutely without charge for his services, and up to the pr:3e. t time has assumed all of his personal ex penses Incident to tho onerous dulic.i Involved in the work. I believe that if the public knew what this m.m is endeavoring to do for their welf.iro there would be a moro generous and hearty response to hH appeals for co-onern t ion. liUl-'L'S C. HOLM AN. Tho Oregonian thinks- Dr. Sommer'S service Is worthy of all commendation. It said so in the article to which Mr. Holman calls attention, and In another editorial article Monday. January 12 Concrete floats for Flan. Exchange. Concrete boats may be used by Can dlan and Alaskan fishermen In tna North Pacific At Seal Cove, near Prince Rupert. B. C. a shipyard in building a small concrete boat, the first of Its kind constructed on northern waters. The boat ls to be a email gad engine launch, but Its builders hope toj turn out larger craft later. Names of Commanders. EUGENE. Or.. Jan. 20. (To the Edi tor.) Please namo tho commander oe the Eisrhth Division: also give me th name of tho Captain of tho S3u Flel-1 Artillery. Battery A. A. B. C. It so happens that the names of new ther of these commanders has been in nounced. 111th Field Slcnul Btlion. PR1 NEVILLE, Or.. Jan. 20. (To th Editor.) In what division is Company C. 111th Field Signal Battalion, and Is it listed for return home? A BROTHER. It Is a part of the 36th Division, not yet listed fur return. 1