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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 5, 1918)
10 THE MORNING OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1918. PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon! Postofflce as second-class mail matter. Subscription rates Invariably In advance: (By Mall.) mm Daily, Sunday Included, one year 5'S? . laily. Sunday included, six months Daily, Sunday included, three months. .. . -o Daily, Sunday included, one month . .... Daily, without Sunday, one year Iiailv. without Sunday, lit months - a f. Tlailtf uithniit i,nav nn month ...... tu Weekly, one year Sunday, one year Sunday and Weekly -------- . 1.00 . 2.50 (By Carrier.) Daily. Sunday Included, one year 3'2? Daily, Sunday included, one momu Daily. Sunday included, three months ... - Daily, without Sunday, one year " Dailv, without Sunday, three months .... Daily, without Sunday, one month " How to Keinlt Send postoffice money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at own er's risk. Give postoffice address In lull, in cluding county and state. rootage Rates 13 to 16 pases. 1 cent: 18 to 32 pages. -1 cents; 84 to 4i pages, 3 cents. 60 to 00 pages. 4 cents; 62 to pages, a cents; 78 to J2 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Kastern Btuinen Office Verree Conk lln, Brunswick building. New lork; Verree Conklin. Steger building. Chicago; Verree Conklin. Kree Press building. Detroit, Mich. . Kan Francisco representative, K. J. 3iaweii. XKMBF.lt OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. The Associated Press is exclusively enti tled to the use tor republication of ? dispatches credited to It or not f'erwise credited to this Paper, andalso the local All rights ot republication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. PORTLAND. .TUESDAY, KOV. . JUSTICE DENIED POKT1AKD. There should be no mistake on the part of the people of Portland as to the effect on their commerce nor as to the bearing on future railroad pol icy in general of the refusal of Direc tor Chambers, of the Railroad Admin istration, to consider the difference in favor of the Columbia River water grade between cost of traffic by that route and the mountain routes. The Oregon Public Service Commission has found this difference to be 30 cents per ton of grain in favor of the Columbia River roads, but Mr. Cham bers refuses even to investigate the relation of that fact to rates. His action provokes discussion of the basic principles of rate-making. Elementary justice demands that rail roads be paid the cost of service plus a fair profit. It is an open secret that the Railroad Administration is considering adoption of a mileage scale of rates, . which in itself would be admission of the principle men tioned, for the only reason for charg ing more for hauling freight two miles than for hauling it one mile can be that it costs more. But the Rail road Administration refuses to deal with each road as a unit; it deals only with wide zones or regions, each of which would have the same basis for rates for all roads within its limits under the mileage system. By so doing it would with one sweep of its mighty hand level all the mountains to water level or it would pile up mountains on the water grades. It would pen alize the sagacity of the communi ties which had established them selves on water grades by depriving them of the benefits nature had given, and it would reward the short sight of those which had sat down behind a. mountain barrier between their homes and their markets and sources of supply. The mileage system is in general equitable, but it should be adapted to varying conditions, not only between wide sections of country, but between roads and routes, especially when one road which climbs a mountain paral lels another which runs down a river bank. Railroad officials, when sur prised into frankness, have admitted that there is a great difference in cost of operation. If any man doubts this, let him walk a mile on the level and then walk another mile with a climb of a thousand feet. He will find a difference in time and effort expended and in the amount of sweat poured out on the mountain. There is a motive for this refusal to disturb the established parity of rates between mountain and water grades. Though operated by the Gov ernment, the railroads are managed by the men who served the railroad companies. Not only are these men wedded by habit to formerly existing conditions: they look forward to the time when the roads may be returned to their owners, and, therefore, have an affirmative reason for continuing these conditions in order that they may stand well with their former em ployes when the latter again take pos . session. They are also getting the roads into fine physical and financial condition in preparation for that event. They have got their 25 per cent ad vance in freight rates and their 3-cent-a-mile passenger rate. All will be in fine shape for a new start after Fed eral operation ends. The desire of Director-General Mc Adoo for unrestricted authority and that of the railroad officials who have taken office under him that old rate policies be not disturbed, lead them to reduce the authority of the Inter state Commerce Commission and the state commissions within as narrow limits as possible. Parity of rates be tween mountain and water grade roads is plainly unjust and discriminatory against communities on water-grade roads, and the law authorizing Federal operation expressly authorizes the In terstate Commission to correct injus tice and discrimination. Yet the Rail road Administration contends that this provision does not mean what it says, and it stands up for parity of rates, though unified operation under the Government has removed the sole justification for that system the ne cessities of competition- between dis tinct, corporation-owned roads. With a Democratic majority created by President Wilson and called upon not to hamper the Administration in time of war, the commission may hesitate to assert its lawful authority. As for the state commissions, they are re duced to the position of humble peti tioners to the Federal Commission on behalf of their constituents. How much attention their pleas receive may be judged from the experience of the Oregon commission in the case under discussion. This situation has a plain meaning to the people of Portland: Now is the time for them to stand up and fight lor their rights. Their best oppor tunity to win the traffic to which the location of tho port entitles them is while the roads are tinder unified operation, for now the plea of compe tition between roads does not apply. If the present basis of rates should be continued, or if the mileage basis should be adopted without regard to difference in cost of operation between mountain and water-grade roads, Port land may be put at an actual disad vantage as compared with ports served by mountain roads. It would get little through traffic, and the develop ment of its ocean commerce would be restricted to that which originates in its local territory. While the city is voting money for harbor facilities, it should fight for such rates as will bring traffic to load the ships which will use those facili ties. However well equipped the har bor may be, it must have cargoes to load ships or they will not come. Thus the questions of ships, ocean commerce and railroad rates are inseparably connected. Work for all of these requisites of a great port should be pushed forward in line. The fight for just railroad rates is for the Public Service Commission, the Traffic and Transportation Association and the Chamber of Commerce. It will doubt less be long and hard, but it must be made and it must be won in order that Portland may come Into its own. Nor should there be delay about beginning it, for the next few years will be de cisive in redistributing the flow of commerce. WHENCE THE SLI SH FIND? It is charged by Democratic press and Democratic committees that the "interests" are attempting to elect a Republican Congress. Yet the Demo cratic committees were never more flush with money, while there is no evidence of Republican wealth. Page Democratic advertisements in. hun dreds of newspapers appear dally. Some are ordered by telegraph and copy is transmitted by wire. Part of this fund was exacted from shipbuilders holding Government con tracts. Shipyard stockholders in Port land, regardless of. party, have re ceived requests for contributions. A copy of the demand for money has heretofore been published in The Ore gonian. The same demand has been sent broadcast. Failure to respond has been in at least two instances fol lowed with what are practically per emptory demands, and it is even said that quotas have been named. ' Tho hold-up of shipyards engaged in Government work, with the impli cation that party, not Nation, is respon sible for award of contracts, is one of the scandals of the campaign. A MCHTMARE. The frantic assaults by the Demo cratic National committee, the state committee and the Democratic news papers upon Colonel Roosevelt lead us to suspect that in some unaccount able way we have misread the news of the last few months. What in thunder office is it that Roosevelt is running for? Maybe it is United States Senator from Michi gan. That is only a guess, but it seems plausible, inasmuch as in some way we had the ridiculous impression that Henry Ford was the candidate there. Peaceful Henry served his country by sending a party of humorists to Europe to stop the war; by paying large sums two years ago for news paper advertisements asking for votes for Wilson because the President had kept us out of war; by saving his son from the draft, and by refusing to take profits on war work a sacrifice which means to one of his vast. wealth about as much as the loss of six bits to the average reader of The Oregonion. Colonel Roosevelt spent a great deal of time in late years advocating Na tional preparedness; when this Nation entered the war he offered his own services; his four sons enlisted with his consent and approval; one has been severely wounded: another lies dead under the sod of France. Doubtless the incomprehensible statement that Henry Ford is needed in the United States Senate to insure a successful prosecution of the war is the figment of a dream. It must be that it is Roosevelt Roosevelt who offers himself to his country, and gives his son to death without a mur mur, who is the candidate for office, the one who is needed in Congress to uphold the glories and traditions of the Nation. It is all a bad dream. Peaceful Henry a war statesman; Roosevelt an anti-warrior! By and by we shall awaken and laugh about the night mare we have had. THE TREATY OF GHENT. It would be fitting for the United States flag to go into Ghent side by side with the British emblem. It was at Ghent on December 24, 1814, that the treaty was signed which brought to a close the last armed conflict be tween the two great Anglo-Saxon na tions. That treaty, which virtually re established the status quo, settled a few boundary disputes and bound the United States and Great Britain to abolish the slave trade as being "irrec oncilable with the principles of hu manity and justice," but it made no mention of Impressment of American seamen (the real cause of the war of 1812). It was ratified with suspicion between both contracting parties, with all the bitterness that had been brought about "by the war still far from eliminated and with the rancor from the War of the Revolution still existing. It is a new treaty which the British and American peoples can now ratify at Ghent, a treaty iTot written with inn. out pennea in Diooa Dy two great peoples who have shed that. HnnH in a common cause, for the sake of hu manity, lor the safety of the world and for breaking the bonds of slavery, not. this time, of one race, but of many. GERMANS AS SEEN BT A GERMAN, The best hope of the moral regen eration of Germany rests in such men as Wilhelm Muehlon, who resigned as one of the government directors of the Krupp Works because he was opposed to the war and who went to Switzerland in order to regain his freedom. His opinion of the German people was expressed with terrible frankness in a diary which he kept from some time in August, 1914, to November 14 of that year a period during which German arms were seemingly triumphant and the war fever was rampant in Germany. Thi! diary has been published and an Eng lish translation has come from Wil liam L. McPherson under the title The vandal of Europe." No enemy of Germany could have written a more excoriating denuncia tion of the German character. Herr Muehlon does not spare the boasted educational system, for he in cludes it in his general condemnation with the barracks. He finds Ignor ance of and Indifference to the moral law running throughout German so ciety from top to bottom. Soldiers boast of their loot and are not "ashamed of their great superiority in numbers when they use it to crush a weak opponent like Belgium," and he adds "They are like barbarians. He "still quivers with shame" at the recollection of a conversation in which "the most distinguished iron and steel 'robber barons' talked of the distrlbu tion of the booty after the war." The church has done little to educate the conscience, teaching that whatever the state confesses to be wrong is by that confession made right. The press he calls "a hideous leper." He terms the unity for war at the beginning more superficial than substantial and he predicts that it will be blown away if distress and defeats come and that a revolution will follow. This confession of a German con firms all that has been said about the mania for conquest by brute force having spread through the whole Ger man nation. It should destroy the Illusion that we are fighting a nation which against its will has been dragooned into war by a military caste. That caste sowed the seed in dustriously in the people's minds, but it found a fertile soil, ready to bear fruit abundantly. The first requisite to extermination of the noxious weed Is national defeat carried to the ex treme of foreign invasion and uncon ditional surrender to the terms of the victors. Then the German people might make scapegoats of the rulers with whom they have been willing partners in crime, and they might sate their anger and placate the allies by deposing the Hohenzollerns and setting up a democracy, but the Ger mans would not become a changed people until a new generation had re ceived new teaching and had grown up to practice it. THE FISH BILLS. The public will pursue the safe course by adopting the advice of the public officials who have made recom mendations on the two fish bills pre sented to the voters. The, Oregonian has been governed by that advice in making its recommendations. The bill closing the Willamette River to commercial fishing above Oswego is approved by the fish and game warden, the state superintendent of hatcheries and the state biologist. It is deemed necessary for the preser vation of the salmon egg supply. Vote 306 yes. The Rogue River fish bill would prevent use of certain types of gear on the stream. It is an unnecessary restriction and would interfere with the food supply. This is the testimony of a representative of the United States Bureau of Fisheries which operates a hatchery on the stream. and it is the view of the master fish warden of the state. The recommen dation is to vote 305 no. Both bills represent recurring con troversies. They appear as political or class or trading measures in suc cessive sessions of the Legislature. THE EX-TEACHER. The irravitv of th Htiratinnal imp. gency caused by entrance of large numbers of tparh service is Indicated by the fact that an appropriation of $25,000 has Just been made out of the President's "Na tional defense fund" for the estab- shment of a school board service section of the Federal Bureau of Mucation. Figures collected by the ureau- within a few werks indicate that there Is a shortage of more than 30.000 teachers in the city and coun try systems of the Nation. This short- ge is accentuated bv tho . rlri-nm. stance that a large proportion of the teachers withdrawn, from thA nrhnnia are . almost irreplaceable. They in clude many from technical Inatltu- tions, high schools and evening schools. s wen as a considerable number of upervisors and DrinclDals in mihlic school systems. Eocnl and sectional agencies already ave been found inadennnfo to ! task of supplying the demand. So far as there may be a surplus in one lo cality which is offset by a deficiency in anotner, the central service section will be ablo to save lost motion by adjusting supply to demand, but it is now known that the figures of 30,000 represents the approximate actual shortage in numbers of teachers re quired in the whole country. This can not Do mpcie. good by employing un trained volunteers, for teaching more than ever hpfnr in ah- ,;.-. . ... Vua il l.lillj J J (. quires a high degree of special train ing, jtesort must be had to some other and better expedient. A call upon ex-teachers would sr. to be the most practical way out of the dilemma. There are, unfortu nately, no reliable data. ber of these, but the aggregate is very large. It consists not only of women who abandoned teaching at the time of marriage, but of others of both sexes who made teaching the stepping stone to other professions. Practically every community has its quota of in dividuals who have been successful teachers. Inadequate pay has been an Important factor In driving them from the ranks. But It now seems that if the schools are to be continued upon a basis of efficiency, these will be needed. Unless considerable num bers of them are willing to make the necessary sacrifice, the cause of edu cation will suffer. This Is particu larly true in the lower grades. In which the shortage is now acute. Lindoubtedlv the crisis win due time, but it is not less pressing because it Is temnnnn- tk. te.-icher seems to cover the most prac tical solution of the present problem. BLACK WALNUT. The keen foresight of the Vsir who twenty years or more ago began to denude America of black walnut timber, and the destruction of remain ing isolated trees for our own purposes since the war began suggest the pro priety of reforesting this valuable tree on a considerable scale as a measure of protection against the future. Mhe common variety known Juglans nigra is described by authori ties on arboriculture as a native of America from Maine to Florida, but does not appear spontaneously on the r-acmc coast. It is readily grown from seed, however, and it is believed that it would succeed in favorable situations in the West. The Forestry service says mat it should be planted in October or November, and that the walnuts should be planted in good soli, about four inches deep, lying side wise, with the hulls Intact. Those who were familiar with the black walnut a generation or so ago will remember the tree as one which grew with moderate speed, gave a great expanse of shade because of Its spreading habit, and bore a nut that taxed the small boy's ingenuity to get the meat out of the shell. The nut was also too rich to ln,vite eating In quantity, but many persons professed to like it. It is the commercial value of the wood, however, and the beauty ot the tree which recommend it. There is no substitute equal to it for the making of gunstocks and propellers ior airplanes. The "plant a walnut" movement is one in which every owner of a bit of waste land can join if he has a friend in the East who will send him a nut for seed. It will be essentially a labor of love, for It may be twenty-five years berore the tree becomes com mercially valuable, but it will be highly ornamental long before that time. This planting could be done In the same spirit in which the Boy Scouts re sponded to the President's call by locating trees which promise to yield 14.038.000 board feet, or about 3667 carloads, of lumber, which ought to be replaced. While we are assisting the French to replant their forests, it would seem desirable for us' not to neglect our own. It is now known that Germany laid in large supplies of American black walnut as part of her scheme of pre paredness to conquer the world. That country was aided also by our waste ful practices, which took little account of our own future." We have learned our lesson, but it will take us a genera tion to renew our supply of this Im portant wood alone. SHIPBUILDING WILL GO ON. Announcement of the Shipping Board that early prospect of peace means no relaxation of energy in building ships at those yards which have made good is reassuring news for Portland, for the shipyards of this port have cer tainly made good. We are assured that those yards which have delivered the goods at reasonable cost and have kept their promises will be fully em ployed throughout 1919, and that the United States will go on with con struction of a great merchant fleet. We have no reason to doubt that shipbuilding has been permanently es tablished as a great Portland industry. This implies creation of many sub sidiary industries, which have already made a healthy start. It applies to wood as well as steel ships, for the success of tho wood vessels already at sea and the acceptance of designs for the 6000-ton Columbia River ship prove that the modern wood ship built of Douglas fir has come to stay. Both self-interest .and local pride prompt us to make this industry serve Portland further by carrying and ex tending our commerce. Every ship launched from a Portland yard should make her first voyage with an Oregon cargo loaded here. The waterfront should be lined with modern docks as well aa shipyards. Repair of ships Is a sequel to building of them, and this requires drydocks, repair shops, en gine and boiler works and woodwork ing factories. On every voyage they carry away large quantities of supplies, which should bo laid in here, and their loading and unloading employ thousands of well-paid men. The announcement that shipbuild ing will go on should be added stimu lus to constant, faithful work by the men who build them. It Is an added reason for voting for the dock bonds, for without harbor facilities our com merce would shrivel up and ship building might follow. Tho vote on the dock bonds and the action of the Portland peopl In tho next year with regard to their commerce and ship building will decide the future of the port. A discrepancy exists between the figures mado public from Ixndon on the growth of the British navy since the outbreak of the war and the figures on the same subject riven by Bonar Law before Parliament & few months ego, but In either event an amazing growth of the British navy is revealed. London's statistics, just issued, give the displacement tonnage of the war fleet at the start of the war as 2,500,000 tons and the present tonnage, including auxiliaries, at 6, 500.000. Bonar Law's figures for the start of the war were the same, 2.600, 000 tons, but The announced the present strength us 8,500,000 tons displace ment. In either case the revealed size of the present British navy is such as to give the Germans cause for pause in contemplating any dash from their present security behind Kiel canal. Another striking revelation from London Is that of 21,600,000 sol diers transported at sea since the out break of tho war only 4391 have been lost. Another proof, here, that Great Britain's policy of sticking by legiti mate naval warfare has been better than that German method of attempt ing to win by sneaking. Illegal meth ods. Truly, the submarine is shown to be a weapon efficacious only against the defenseless. The American people are as busy as any on earth. At the same time that they carry on war they not only build ships and manufacture Innumer able things for military use, but they hold an election and prepare to raise a big war-work fund. Even the newly emancipated people of Austria-Hun gary can hardly be busier. Vote early today If you don't want to be kept standing in line. After the stores close at 3:30 this afternoon there will likely be a rush for the poUs which will make the late voter wish he had cast his ballot on the way to work. The war on autocracy began at Iex lngton in 1775 and is being finished in France and Belgium In 1918. It has seen many fluctuations of fortune and many truces, but it has never ceased In the minds of men who had the in stinct of freedom. There will be an exodus of ball players from the shipyards next Spring If present peace prospects materialize, and their experience will have put them in good training. The rooters will make up for lost time. Germany is crying to stop bombing, saying she quit a month ago; but there are a few scores to settle on account of hospitals bombed before the allies can stop. i The Russian Is getting spunky. .He has stopped paying indemnity to Ger many, knowing the demand cannot be enforced. It is worthy of note than In his latest effusion the Kaiser does not once mention Gott. Has he severed diplomatic relations? Frobably we will be called on to feed Austria, by way of Italy. The United States is the good angel 'of the world. Everybody having said why he Is supporting everybody today is the time to vote. Italy, like the United States, was slow In getting Into the war, but she is putting a glorious finish to It. Depend on the Yanks to get the Kaiser when he hops the border, not withstanding the Swiss navy. Switzerland will have added attrac tions for tourists when all the abdi cators get settled. Never mind. Our air fleet will be finished in time for the next war. if any other nation should become crazy. Now, then, all together! Over the top again today! Little Italy, shake! And shake again! Despite a brilliant prospect, it is every Republican's duty to vote. Vote early and avoid influenza Those Who Come and Go. After traveling 1400 miles In their automobile. Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Hamp ton and daughter, of Chlchasha, Okla., arrived at the Multnomah yesterday. They cam via Colorado and Utah and are making their second Western tour in seeing America first. Mr. Hamp ton say the farmers of Oklahoma have had a dry year and that grain crops are short. The travelers are snthu siatlc over the Columbia River High way scenery. Russell Hawkins returned yesterday from an extensive business trip through the East. He registered at the Hotel Portland. Lynn M. Coovert. formerly an at torney In Portland, but now an officer of the United States Marine Corps, registered at the Hotel Oregon, yester day. He Is here to negotiate for a football game Thanksgiving day. Lieutenant-Colonel Du Bols. of the Corps of Engineers, arrived at the Benson yesterday, accompanied by Mrs. Du Bols. W. G. Jenkins. Jr.. arrived yester day at tha Multnomah with his father. The latter went to a local hospital. while the younger Jenkins tooit the first train for his home in Boise. He went to vote against tho Non-Partisan League ticket, but expressed ir.a oe- ief that the league candidates wiu sweep the state in today's election. He said tha Non-Partisans are so con fident that they have already sold stock In the co-operative stores they Intend launching In all sections or Idaho. Coe r. Bernard, a atockman of Fossil, s at the Imperial. Max Mayfleld. registered from Washington. D. C passed through tne city yesterday and was at the Port land. He wit formerly a tnercnant at Boise, but is now looking after the dmlnlstratlon of sugar for several Western states. W. A. Broom, a Seattle financier. una to the Benson yesterday on a business trip. George T. Myers, head of the salmon cannery bearing that brand, arrived from Seattle yesterday. Mr. Meyers was formerly a resident of this city. J. E. Dougherty, whose home Is In Chicago, has been spending the past month in the training camp at r.ugeno. He finished his course and registered at the Hotel Portland yesterday. Among the arrivals at tha Multne ih vesterdar was a distinguished cat from Honolulu, the property of Mrs. Clarence Iximbard. According to Mr. Iombard. It Is just a common alley cat the couple picKett up over mere. but Its mistress considers It or sucn value that be provides It with splen did quarters In the hotel cattery. W. A. ITIgglngs, of Astoria, Is at the Hotel Portland. TO VOTK IS PATIUOTIC DlTt Parewts With floss la Frssrs Wast Keep Ham Fllti BnrsisK. PORTLAND. Nov. 4. (To the F.dl- tor.) Election day is hero! Several Important measures and a number of candidates are to be passed upon by the public The excitement of the war news has largely pushed the election Into the background. Ioubtlcss. many have not given any thought concerning their choice on Tuesday. Soma have purposed not to vote and others have thought so little of the value of the ballot that they even neglected to register. Yet there never has been a time when It has been more Important to have men of ability, honesty and Initia tive In public office and to pass In telligently upon the measures proposed. Our forefathers fought for the right of representative government and we are now giving millions of our best men and billions of dollars 'in money to maintain this freedom. Tet strangely enough some who would be willing to give their lives on tha battlefield are not willing to spend a little time In informing themselves about the can didates and various measures and in casting their ballot on election day. Any person who is qualified to vote and who fails to do so, unless pre vented by some good cause. Is a shirker. Fellow citizens, it Is time to wake upl It la not only our privilege to vote but a patriotic obligation. We cannot do as we please about the mat ter, but we must vote as a part of our civic duty. Fathers, who have sons In France, prove to them that you lovo the Government for which they are fight ing! Mothers, who have given your boys, show them that you can make full use of the right which has bee given you! Men. who thought you were n-t going to vote, wake up and change your mind! Mr. Reader, who failed to regleter. have a little convention with yourself on election day and resolve never to bo so delinquent again! No doubt the men who are offering their lives for our country will, when they return, have a greater love for our nag and the Institutions for which it stands and for the ballot bv which these institutions are maintained. Lot us show Increased devotion for the Government for which many of them will give the last full measure of de votion and let us today make full use ot our rignts as Tree men! lIK-VRf P. BLOOD. HOUR OP PRATER IS GOOD ODEA "Waei-e Tsere la x Via lost. People Perish." Quotes t orrrspoadest. PORTLAND. Nov. 7. (To the Ed itor.) Most cordially should we all Indorse Mayor Baker's request that mo people or our city spend one mo ment of prayer daily at the hour of noon to pray for the success of our sol diers in this great unselfish struggle to destroy Injustice, slavery and cruelty. "Where there Is no vision the people perish." says Scripture, and while our President is seiting forth one of the noblest visions ever given to man. we who stay at home can do our " bit' In no more helpful way than in earnest. beseeching prayer, with thanksgiving for past and present victories. The Christian Herald of October IJ. In a brief statement, reminds us how Clod has gloriously responded to our united petitions and admonishes us to continue therein. The following is part of thjp editorial mentioned: Tes. Tniit in God will win the war. lis has gloriously answered our prayers, and is answering; them still. almost dally and hourly. This Nation prayed on May with a sinsle voice. That same day saw the 0. n -ins; of the battle ot f'hateau-Thlerry. which was quickly won. effectively stopping the German advance on Paris. Then followed in rapid succession the great victory em the fiave. the allied triumph oa the Marne. the series or crushing oerman aereats on the western front, the brilliant American vic tory in the St. Mihiel salient, the destruc tion of the Turkish army In Palestine, ths elimination of Bu.garla by surrender, and the beginning of the German retreat all alone the line in France and Helglum. These events together mark the turning point of the war. Truly the Almighty has blessed all our efforts. We have gone ahead doing our full share, sending our best and bravest to the front. -where they have put a new spirit into the ailies the spirit of faith In Gort, that he would direct the issues in the interest of Justice and peace, for he is a God of righteousness. As we look back over these four months we cannot fall to be deeply conscious of the goodness of God in leading this Nation at every step of the way In the great world conflict, lie has heard our prayers and the confession rf our sins and shortcomings as a people. The events that follow-ed are the clearest possible Indication that our supplications have been accepted. MRS. FRANK. A. EltECE. PLEA FOR ROGUE RIVER FISHING f Defeat of Peadlag BUI Declared te Be la latereat of Moaopely. GRANTS PASS. Or.. Nov. E. To the Editor.) I wonder where the motive power came from that Induced the board of directors of the Portland Chamber of Commerce to passresolu tions advocating the defeat of the Rogue River fish bill that would break up a monopoly of fishing In a river held by Macleay. If the fish J rtogue River were created for aola exploitation by a wealthy corporation. we. the people residing along aaid stream, would like to know it. as there are still people living that are foolish enough to think tho common people w no nave built homes and schools and roads along the Rogue River In Jack son. Josephine and Currr counties should be at least accorded the same rights as Mr. Macleay. which they would have if this bill he seeks to de tent should become a law. Mr. Hume, who owned the pronertv at the mouth of Rogue River and built up the fisheries now owned by Macleay. am credibly Informed, never took more than 10.000 cases In any one year. Instead of trying to deplete the river of Its fish he tried to perpetuate them by maintaining hatcheries. What is the condition at this time: Durinsr the years of 1913. 191, 1917 and 1818. If reports are true and I have every reason to believe that they are there has been packed at the mouth of the river more than So. 000 casea a year for the years mentioned, and In proportion of 20.000 cases for Macleay to 000 cases by all others, this unjust pro portion being the result of bis being able to monopolise all set nets and seines on account of owning both banks of the river for 12 miles. To maintain this monoDOlr for Macleay. the board of directors of the Portland Chamber f Commerce asks the people to defeat the Mil passed by the Legislature In 1JI7 that gave the .Macleays the same rights as other ceo pie and all the rights he Is Justly en titled to have and would prevent the extermination of the flsnlng Industry, as is rapidly being done at the present time. The board of directors of the Pert- land Chamber of Commerce, if they knew these facts when they passed these resolutions, mm be very brave A honest men. J. C SMITH. AGES OF nECOXSTTtUCTIOjr AIDES Mini mam la SI Years far Wernra of Exceptional Qualifications. PORTLAND, Nov. 6. (To the Edi tor.) In answer to Inquiries concern ing the shortest period in which women may prepare for positions In military hospitals, and the minimum age prescribed by the Surgeon-General. you have stated that two or three years' training is required, and that the Government does not accept women for foreign service under 25 years of age. This Is true with respect to tha appointment of nurses, but different regulations apply to the appointment of reconstruction aides in physio therapy. M omen who are exceptionally quali fied In health, character, personality. previous training, and spirit of will ing co-operation, will be accepted by Reed College for a four months' course of training to begin December 1. The length of the course la prescribed by the Surgeon-General of the Army. Candidates who successfully complete the four months work are eligible at once for appointments In military hos pitals In this country and In France. Indeed, it appears thnt every gradu.-ite of the previous courses at Red Col lesro who was recommended hy tho col lege has already received notice of her acceptance by the Surgeon-General. The minimum age for reconstruction aides In physio-therapy has been re duced by the Surireon-Genernl to 21 years. The first Keed graduate aide to reach Enrope for service with the American Army, Miss Josephine Saun ders, of Ashland, is under 23 years of age, Tha reason for the acceptance of brief. Intensive training courses and for the lowering of the minimum age is evident. Owing to the recent heavy fighting cm the western front, the Surgeon-General finds that he will need seven thousand aides In physio therapy. Instead of 1500 as estimated last summer. As there are not louo available trained women in tha entire United States, prompt meatsurea are necessary for recruiting women In the rew training classes that are now equipped to do the work. The ques tion is not whether It would be better to have older women and women with longer training; the question is whether our tens of thousands of wounded men are to have the care of women with brief. Intensive training, or women with no training at all. KL.SA F. Gn.U Registrar, Reed College. Esllaf mest for Casteest Service, PORTLAND. Nov. 7. (To the Edi tor.) I am SO years old. perfectly healthy, and wish to enlist for canteen service overseas. Please inform me how to proceed. Is it true that work ers are requested to pay their own ex penses? Is a knowledge of French ab solutely essential, and are they sending workers to Siberia? A SUBSCRIBER. Women are now being recruited for the Y. M. C. A. canteen service at the Portland Red Cross headquarters, Gasco building. Ths workers get their maintenance and traveling expenses In some cases, but no salaries are paid. It Is a requisite that they have ?300 In the bank on which they may draw In an emergency. A knowledge of French is not an absolute essential, though weighed aa a valuable asset. No work ers have been sent to Siberia as yet, but It Is possible they may be. Asaerlcaas Uold to Ideals. STEVENSON', Wash.. Nov. 4. (To the Editor.) Mr. Wilson feels that only Democratic candidates should receive the votes of American fathers and mothers, because if we send any other Congressmen to represent us the people in Europe will think that we. the American people, do not uphold him. It Is not Wllsonlsm we are uphold ing. It Is the ideal that forms the cor nerstone of our Government, that "All men are born free and equal" and have a right to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." We will hold to that Ideal till time shall be no more and we will vote like free people, not like slaves. Thank God, the women are awake. MRS. STOGSD1LL. Wsness Wurs Is I.osnker Cssns. I.A CKNTER, Wash., Nov. 7. (To the Editor.) I'lease state what Is the aver age for a woman cook In a lumber camp employing from 10 to 25 men, also how much wages a woman waiter ana dishwasher in the same camp should receive 1" E. G. The pay cf cooks varies extensively, ranging from $75 to $100 a month, with board, in a camp such as you mention. There !; a regular scale for the waiter dishwasher of J33 a month, sbe paying her own board. ( bins Pheasants ea lists t alasfal. PORTLAND. Nov. 4. (To the Ed itor.) Is it lawful to use China pheas ant feathers as adornments for wom en's hats? tjCBSCKlBtn. The state law prohibits the ue of feathers of any protected game birds for any purpose whatever except for scientific purposes. In Other Days. Fifty Years Age. From The Oregenlaa. November B. 1S6S. Omaha The latest reports from the North Platte represent the Indians quiet. Sufficient military forces ara stationed near the threatened points. The trains are running regularly. Omaha The SOO-mlle post en the Union Pacific Railroad was passed by the track-layer today. The rains lately have created quite a pond of water on Fifth street at Its intersection with Colombia. The lm provement there, especially the grad ing, has been done in such a way that there ts no outlet for the water, and It has become so dammed up that foot men passing up Fifth street cannot cross Columbia at all. S. P. rarrlsh. Esq.. returned to this) city on Tuesday from an extended trip through Kastern Oregon. Idaho. Mon tana and Utah territories. Sam's portly self retains all his former appearance ot health and vigor. The vote of Portland was larger last Tuesday by T17 than ever before cast in this city. This increase In the vote is. doubtless, owing to the fact that a large number of persons on business and in attendance on the U. S. courts voted here. Twesty-flve Tears Age. From The Oregonian. November 5. 13S. Milwaukee Judge Jenkins today made an order authorising the receiv ers of the Northern Pacific to ratify and adopt the contract executed by the St. Paul & Northern Pacific Boise A compromise was effected today between the state officials and the purchasers of tho state wagon rond bonds on a basts of the time fop their payment of the premium. The company takes 13S.0OO at once and tL'7.0oo December 1. Tho balance cf $30,000 ts to be taken at anv time of faxed between April 1 and July 1, 1S34. The big Sunnyslde sewer was prac tically finished yesterday evening. Monday afternoon a "gold'- brick, the very last of the 1.000. 000 used In build ing the sewer will he laid with appro priate ceremony. The brick, which la covered w-tth gold, on one side bears the Inscription "Wilson ct Ryan, con tractors." and on the other. "Kricker son cc Anderson, graders." Since construction was bec-un on the Bull Run pipeline, which extends through the place. Gresham has become a prosperous country town. A number ot buildings have been erected the laat few months for residence and business purposes. Chief among these Is the cannery, which Is completed for the machinery, which will be obtained is the Spring. Berlin The close of the World's Falf at Chicago has been made the occasion of a number of articles in the CJerman press referring to the satisfaction ot German exhibitors at the manner in which affairs were managed, regarding as a foregone conclusion that it will have an immense influence over German-American commercial relations of the future. FREAK I.AWJ ARE OT REWEnT "licking rrsumalans" Not All Tkere Is Making 'World Sate ts Live la. PORTLAND, Nov. 4. (To the Ed itor ) On the eve of election there are some tlnkercra- at work parsing out to the voters many documents ami various atnendmcnui. Students of history note a close re semblance between our position and the earlier stages of fhe unrest which culminated In tha rule- of Caesars. We. like the Romans, began our- National history as a rural community, subduing a great wilderness. The Romans, like ourselves, elected their officials and change them often, and Rome devel oped, through commerce and industry. Into discontent of a multitude, with al truistio visionaries and rampant dema gogues, which has a marvelous resem blance to our own experience as far aa we have gone. Unquestionably there is a social con dltlon In the Cn'tcd Males which needs remedying. During the speculative era through which we have been passing there have been Industries In whtcti those at the top were rolling la wealth. while those at tho bottom, even it equally industrious and faithful, were groveling in the dirt. Everybody now sees this does not pay anybody. One reason why it does not pay is that the reaction has resulted in a state of mind in a vast number of our people which Is costing us all a great deal of money and may cost a great deal more. Its manifestation Is In the evident disposition to take from those whs have and give to those who have not. which, at the bottom, is the inptratioei of much recent legislation and of many more legislative propositions. All too prevalent Is the conception that the world crisis is caused by mere physical combat, but to lick the Prus sians is not all that Is Involved iq "making the world safe." Too many people are seeking to enact freak legislation and moral regular tions. It pulls hard at the sob stufx when a candidate asks for votes to load onto our heavy taxes the personal doctor bills for the "broken-down workmen and their families, when they are making double, treble what they ever made before, and who are protect ed by the compensation act against ac cidents doe to their employment. My sympathy Is with the worker as lie trudges home Saturday night with from S3S to $100 in his pay envelope. Isn't it a shame the way they have to worlc for eight hours, when our soldier boys only work IS hours a day. seven days s week. If railed on. and lay down their lives in addition If necessary? Yet they work for $33 a month and don't strike- FRANCES MOKKUND HARVEY. KIVDVESS TO ANIMALS Pf MOTTES xvritrr AVould Confine Halr-ralatsgl Sfsst to Harnss Beiags, HOOD RIVER. Or.. Nov. 4. (To the Editor.) When It comes to real thrills, I don't believe there is anyone who en joys them more than the? present writer. "But I firmly believe. If there are to be thrills in our motion picture performances, let them be furnished by the human beings, who are paid to risk their necks, and leave the animals out of it. The night before the theaters were closed in Portland I viewed a part of a serial that from the point of melo drama had Nick Carter outdone. If on voting 100 people from that audience had said they really and truly enjoyed it. I would have been willing to con cede that the world had gone on and left me far behind. Of course, a vote was not taken, literally speaking, but I think one can judge fairly by the exclamations cf approval or disappro val voiced by the audience during the performance. Actor folks thereby get their cue. I am sure they were of disapproval. Now the point I wish to make clear is this: We are fighting a war of hu manity and humane principles. Those humane principles should bo carried in mind In our conduct toward the dumb brute as well. In this particular "thriller" the horses were the main performers. They plunged madly down the road and Into a pool of water, there to struggle until they freed themselves, frightened and trembling, from the harness. And sev eral other similar stunts. Once more. If we must have thrills, then let the humans furnish them, for the dumb animal only elicits our pity. MRS. J. W. liAVLLANIX. I