Morning Oregonian., September 21, 1918, Page 8, Image 8

8
TIIE. MORXIXG OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER ,31, 1918.
PORTLAXD. OREGON.
Entered at Portland (Oregon) Poatofflee aa
second-class mail matter.
Eubaciiptloa rates-Hnvsrlably la aiJvance:
By Mail.) mmlM
Dally, Sunday Included, on year ....... a 9.00
lJatly, Sunday Included, aix months . 4-'
Lially, Hunday Included, three months . 2.25
Dally. Kanday included, one month '
lally. without Sunday, one year 6.1MJ
Illy. without Sunday, six months 8.-5
Lraiiy. without Sunday, one rsoutn ...... .tft
"Weekly, one year ..... l-OU
Kunday. one year
undy and weekly
(By Carrier.)
Dally, Sunday Included, one year '2"
Dally, Sunday Included, one month .'J
Daily, bunday included, three months ...
Daily, without gunday. one year ...... 7.&"
&ai!y. without Sunday, three months .... l -
laily, wil hout Sunday, one month ...... -o
How Reiult Send postoftlca money or
der, express or personal ci on your ioci
bank. Sumpi, coin or currency sro at owner-a
rlea. tliv postofrwe addreas la Zulu la
ciudiaa eoun'.Y and atate.
Pntin Katee 12 to IS vases. 1 cent; 18
to pises. .' cents: 34 to 48 paces. S centaj
to to to win, 4 cents: - to 72 pasea. u
cente; 7 to r2 pisea. cents. Forelfo. post
age, double rates.
Eastern Btsineaa Office Verre A Conk
lin, Brunswick buildlnit. New York; Verro
Conklin. Steger bulldlns, Chicago: erre at
t onklln. Kree Preaa building. Detroit. Mich.:
baa 'ranclaco repreaentatlve. R. J. Bldwe.I.
SILMBEK OF THE ASSOCIATED FRE89
Tho Asaoclated Press Is .exclusively enti
tled to the use for republication of all news
al aoatchea . credited to it or not otherwise
credited .to tma paper, and aiao the local
news published herein.
All rights of republication of special dis
patches herein are a!ao reserved.
rORTLAND. SATIRDAY. SEIT. tU Mis.
KEW MEASIRE Or S ELF-ESTIMATION.
Now that the men from 31 to 5.
Inclusive, have been grouped In a single
class by the sweeping operation of the
new draft, it will be interesting to ob
serve the effect of supplying a new
basis for self-estimation, particularly
on the older men. In the process of
selection, the rule formerly applied in
civil life will be reversed. Whereas It
used to be assumed by some employers
that the man of 40 or past was on the
downhill side, and it was put up to
him to prove the reverse to be true,
v now the Army, in its search for men,
will assume that the individual is fit,
and will pronounce him fit in the ab
sence of evidence to the Contrary. We
think' that many men will be mightily
heartened by discovering that they are
the military equals of younger men.
In what respect, the man of 40 will
now ask himself, am I less efficient
than my friend who is 31, or 35? There
are two sides to the account. Years
are not always a reliable measure,
Those who have lived temperate lives,
who have not burned the candle at
both ends, who havo maintained that
lively Interest in others which is
preservative of youth, who have not
had the mistaken notion as to the in
evitableness of "wild oats" which pos
sesses some, will be better men than
thoee some years younger who have
not so guarded themselves. The pride
of the older ones (in years) who are
accepted, and the vain regrets of those
who are placed In the deferred classes,
will be influential factors in bringing
about a new regime later on. It is
cafe to predict that there will be re-
t vival of interest in .keeping fit, and
new knowledge of the fact that it is
easier to preserve one's health and
strength than it is to regain them after
they have declined.
Our older men will also mentally
compare themselves with their enemies
of the same ages. There is no reason
to fear the result of such a compart'
son. Man for man and age for age,
the American is quite the equal of the
German and the superior of the Aus
trian. This is particularly true in the
matter of - initiative, of self-reliance
and the dash of the private soldier
The years which only solidify in the.
mind of the Prussian commoner the
idea that he cannot hope to rise above
the common herd bring to the Ameri
ran the knowledge that he can do so
If he only will. Life in America is a
series of adventures, large and small.
The American may be mature without
being petrified. It is a condition grow
ing out of his fundamental social sur
roundings and his intensely individual
lstic government.
We probably gain more than any
other Nation, and certainly more than
our enemies, by expansion of the serv
ice age-limits. The highly selective
process which Is following registration
will disclose not only a gratifying
number of men fit for fighting, but
an even larger number who may be
exceedingly useful in other forms of
war work. The fact that a larger pro
portion than in the younger classes
will be restricted by dependencies and
by greater responsibilities does not
vitiate the principle of fitness. But the
admission of older men to the service
ought to arouse a new spirit of emula
tlon among them. They are being
given their chance to show what men
cf their forties can do. The selective
service bestows a privilege of which
those who have not lost ambition will
delight to avail themselves.
to expect a certain amount of moral
resolution In the individual. Whether
the job precisely suits him or not, he
ought to stay by it until he haa a
definite reason for quitting, and that
reason ought to be a substantial one.
It is part of the duty of the patriot
to sit steady, and perform the task
immediately before him to the best of
his ability.
GETTING TOGETHER.
Americans of evpry creed and de
nomination will find a point of agree
ment in the fourth liberty loan, a
point which is' to be strongly empha
sized at the meeting tomorrow in the
Public Auditorium in which members
of all the churches will unite in show
ing their patriotism. The welcome to
members of every creed also includes
those of no creed, if there are any
such. The spiri of tno calh is that
there can be no theological differences
of opinion which can possibly super
sede our common duty to our country
or overshadow our patriotism.
It is a good idea, this getting to-
gether of the denominations. Lasting
good may come out of it. We need
not only all the co-operation possible
1 .1 . ... . V.
in iioaiing our niiare ui Lite ivuiiii
loan, but a great deal of the spirit
of co-operation in many other airalrs,
now and afterward. There is no bond
of union quite equal to mutual interest
in a common task, and especially in a
work of self-preservation. The com
radeships of the fighting front, which
know no denominational distinctions
and which persist as agreeable mem
ories so long as life lasts, illustrate
the point. Now we are about to form
new and agreeable comradeships here
at home.
The getting together of the denomi
nations in liberty loan work is aus
picious. It suggests many possibili
ties not out of line with the general
trend of the people toward unity in
essential matters and toward disre
gard of the issues which do not count.
ITCHING FEET.
There is a type of man who is easily
unsettled by the passing of exciting
events, which cause him to lose the
. power of concentration and continuity
of purpose, and practically unfit him
for productive effost. In spite of the
efforts of the Government to put a
check on bidding for men by rival in
dustries, and notwithstanding the
work-or-flght order which aims to
keep men of draft age continuously
employed, there Is a disquieting
amount of shifting of labor from place
to place. This is particularly notice
able in the farming districts. Men
hire out, work a day or two, and for
no particular reason move on. They
are not always, or even often, moved
by determination to better their condi
tion. All they want is change.
This, of course, hampers Industry
Id more ways than one. There Is the
time lost between Jobs, which in the
aggregate is large. There Is a certain
destruction of the morale of other
workmen, with whom the wanderer
comes in contact. There is appreciable
loss to employers in breaking in new
men. There is also the general lower
ing of efficiency of the man who is
already planning on seeking a new
Job before he has fairly warmed up
to the old.
It is a new problem, because It does
not in particular involve the hobo type
which used to be all too familiar but
now seems. to have disappeared from
the stage. Some "were contented and
sedate enough before they made their
first move, and now seem unable to
stop. Wanderlust is playing strange
tricks with them. Neither high wages
nof attractive working conditions
make any difference; they -are ever
on the go.
It may yet be necessary to adopt
some such system as that of our
enemies, who compel the worker to
obtain permission to change his em
ployment. To do this he must give a
reason. . which would stump most
Americans of tie class to whom ref
erence Is made. Such a policy would
be Justified by the needs of war and
would also benefit the wandering
worker and add greatly to his bank
account.
In times like these we have the right
scrross we aix did ft.
The following from the Portland
Journal seems to be presented as an
argument favoring the submission of
an individual's special tax hobby and
for support of it by the voters:
The 1017 Legislature rejected a bill which
contained proviaions stmllsr to the measure
which is to be on the bsllot. An Oregon
Legislature rejected a local option bill, and
the people at tho next election passed It.
The Oregon Leglslsture rejected a cor
rupt practices bill, and the people at the
next election passed ic
An Oregon Legislature rejected a corpora
tion tax bill, and the people at tho next
election passed it tinder tha Initiative by a
vote of nearly ten to one.
Tho people can get reforms In spite nf tha
Legislature If they determine to do so.
They can get thia delinquent advertising
reform, which a Legislature rejected, if they
will vote for It at tha coming election.
There was another "reform" which
was once uppermost in the Journal's
weird conception. It had something
or other to do with publio wharves
and waterfront. The Legislature re
jected it. so the "reform" was put on
the next election ballot at the instance
of its newspaper proponent and for
the price usually paid to petition
hawkers for such services. '
It was defeated. It was a reform
the people couldn't seem to get "in
spite of the Legislature.'
The Legislature has also refused to
prohibit compulsory Vaccination. Sub
sequently the people sustained it.
Conversely the people voted down
a sterilization bill and the Legislature
subsequently passed It.
The people voted down a blue sky
law and the Legislature subsequently
passed it.
The people voted' down a millage
tax for certain educational institu
tions and the Legislature subsequently
passed its .
What does it all mean? Merely that
in the history of direct legislation you
can find an argument for anything
that the people can get reforms in
spite of the Legislature; that they
can't get reforms in spite of the Legis
lature, and that they can get reforms
In spite of themselves.
But that is all beside the matter of
the lovely time we should have if all
newspapers, with their superior facili
ties for publicity, should rush to' the
petition mongers every time they
hatched an idea on how this or that
should be done or regulated.
in the tenth century wrote of it as a
place of naptha and volcanoes; Marco
Polo, the Venetian, In the thirteenth
century described Its oil -wells, and
in the year 1225 one of the -wells pro
duced oil to the value of 3200 a day.
The wells were developed by Nobel
and tha Rothschilds, and in 1898 pro
duced nearly two billion gallons, there
being now 20,000 flowing wells, pro
ducing nearly one-fifth of the world's
supply of petroleum. Sale of' their
land made multi-millionaires of poor
Tartars, and the city has a mixed
population of 250.000 Tartars, Arme-
I nlans. Jews, Georgians, Persians and
Cossacks, who have added many mod
ern improvements and public institu
tions to the new port which has
grown on the ancient. Oriental town
of steep, narrow, winding streets.
at
THE OREGON1 6TATE FAIR.
Good Oregonians go to Salem
least twice a year. Once is upon pri
vate or public business and the other
upon the occasion of the State Pair,
The latter is habit grown to custom.
It began more than a half century
ago, when every man provided his
own transportation, and, the time be
ing the best of the year, it was made
visiting time for the Valley and such
settlements as existed on the edges.
Visitors brought in their dead-ax
wagons the best of their, products and
rivalry was intense. They came to
camp, and the extensive campgrounds
of today are survival of 'the idea.
Transportation is easier now, yet there
will be many in camp who began that
way, and their sons and 'daughters
who have the Oregon way by the best
right.
The fifty-seventh annual State Fair
begins Monday morning, to run for
the week. It will follow tho lines of
the great exposition of last year with
the addition of such industrial and
agricultural progresses has developed
in the twelvemonth. There will be
good racing, but this fair is not built
around a race track. Secretary Lea
Is featuring dairying this year as a
timely war essential, and, coincldently,
the tractor comes to the front. There.
will be big display of this power and
practical tests of all makes. By and
by Government wll find a way to help
put a tractor on the farm of every
man who needs it, so it is a proper
moment for the farmer to hear of its
advantages. Tractors come in more
sizes and varieties than ever. There
is one for every size need. It is the
coming farm power. It is widely used
now, but its use will grow more rap
idly than did that of automobiles, for
the mysteries of the gas engine 'are
no longer mysteries. A fair is no
longer complete without a tractor
show. ,
County exhibits will be many. So.
too, will be those of the handiwork of
women of Oregon. That display comes
down from the years agone, when the
best patchwork quilt won the priite.
Its successor will be present.
All the "cultures" will be. featured
except that spelled with a "k." The
best .music in Oregon has been en
gaged. Other entertainment will be of
the kind that pleases, without the
sting. Much- depends on the weather
but who minds the weather in
Oregon!
Two ABVRXTrRors expeditions.
Abandonment of the Caspian oil
city' of Baku by the British to the
Turks attracts attention to two of the
most arduous and adventurous 'enter
prises of the war. The force which
went to help the strangely incongruous
force of Armenians and Bolshevikl
in holding Baku against the Turks
marched from Bagdad through Kanl-
kin. on the Persian frontier, Kerman
shah, Hamadan and Kazvin to Knzell.
on the Caspian Sea, whence ships were
taken to Baku. The journey extended
for a distance of probably 600 miles
through mountainous country where
it was exposed to attack by the Turks,
but where it had the aid of the pro-
ally Persian government and of the
friendly Christian triDe OI the Jelus,
who hate the Turks.
The line of communication is so
long and so weak that the force could
only have been small, and the com
bined army of British, Armenians and
Bolshevik! which held Baku numbered
only 8000 men. It was opposed by
about 10,000 Turks, of whom 7000
were regulars, but these were doubt
less strengthened by the main Turkish
army at Tabriz, which had been or
ganizing the tribes of 'Azerbaijan, ad
joining the Caucasus, against the
British. The best prospect of recovery
of Baku for the allies lies in the ad
vance northward of the army in Meso
potamia.
Even more adventurous was the
march of a British force from India
through almost the whole length of
Persia to Meshed in the northeastern
corner of that country. It started
from Nushki, the most westward ex
tension of the Quetta railroad through
the Indian province of Baluchistan,
and traveled through deserts and
mountains along the southern and
western frontiers of 'Afghanistan, a
distance of probably a thousand miles.
Its object is to guard India against
dangers arising from the anarchy
which prevails in Turkestan, and it
is protecting a further extension of
the Quetta railroad to the Persian
frontier. . A part of the force which
marched to Knieli crossed the Cas
pian Sea. and seized Krasnovodsk, the
western terminus of the Trans-Caspian
railroad, which has been built into
the heart of Turkestan.
Baku, the prize for which the
British and Turks will doubtless con
tinue to struggle, has duplicated the
history of an American boom town
in one of the oldest of inhabited coun
tries. Tradition dates its founding in
tr" time of Alexander the Great, and
it ertainly existed under the ancient
Persian empire. It has since passed
successively under the sway of the
Arab caliphs, the Turks, the Persians
and the Russians, who finally acquired
it In 1S13.
Existence of oil in the country has
been known -for almost a thousand
years. The Arab geographer Masudi
WHO DOES AND WHO SHOULD FAT
lA.t.
The impression which has been in
dustrially fostered by his political
opponents, that "Uncle Joe" Cannon
is politically dead, however much he
may be physically alive, has received
rude shock from his article in the
Saturday Evening Post on "Who Pays
the Tax." He throws a bright light
on certain facts in regard to our pres
ent system of producing revenue for
the Government, and he founds on
them a new and forcible argument for
his favorite doctrine of tariff protec
tion. He says many things which
should set us thinking, for we shall
be called upon to vote on them as the
basis of campaign issues in the near
future. ' '
Mr. Cannon shows that the' tariff,
which was formerly our main source
of revenue, has become negligible in
that respect and has almost sunk to
the miscellaneous class, having yielded
last year "less than $180,000,000 on the
largest importations in our history."
Its place has been taken by internal
taxes, chiefly on incomes, corpora
tions, war profits and excess profits.
It has been a subject of constant and
fierce contention between parties as
to who paid the tariff tax the foreign
producer or the domestic consume
but, says Mr. Cannon, "throughout the
history of this country the people had
the impression that they all paid a
part . of the indirect taxes collected
at the custom-house on imported ar
ticles." He shows that in 1916, before
the present heavy, direct war taxes
were imposed, only 362,842 indi
viduals and 206,984 corporations paid
income tax. Less than one-third of 1
per cent of the individuals paid the
tax, and only 60 per cent of the cor
porations reported positive net income.
Payers of this tax included less than
one-fourth of 1 per cent of the farm
ers, while of the classes which in this
country are termed "the interests" and
which the Bolshevik! kill as bourgeois.
from one-hair of 1 per cent among
teachers, only 10 per cent of the manu
facturers, 21 per cent among brokers
and about one-third of the bankers
pay income tax. The conclusion is
that those who have been deemed rich
are not so rich after all, and that about
99 H per cent of the population has
successfully put in practice what Mr.
Cannon calls "the commonly accepted
idea of taxation" to "put the boil on
the other fellow's nose."
The conditions produced by war will
compel the American people to take
note of the facts to which the ex
Speaker calls their attention and to
act in accordance with them. While
our necessary revenue will be so large
that we cannot hope again to raise
nearly half or even a third by tariff
duties, the tariff can be put on a basis
which will raise a larger proportion
of the total than at present. In that
connection we cannot ignore the fact
which Mr. Cannon impresses upon us.
that a protective tariff has always
been a good revenue producer, while
a tariff professedly for revenue only
has always produced a deficit. Yet
the Nation's relation to foreign trade
will be so profoundly changed that
our purpose to protect our industries
and at the same time to raise revenue
by customs duties must be modified
bjr the necessity of expanding foreign
trade.
The productive capacity of the Na
tion had already greatly outgrown its
ability to consume its products before
the war, and the impetus which in
dustry has received from the war has
added enormously to the surplus for
which we must find markets abroad. It
will be imperative to use the tariff for
the purpose of bargaining for markets
with other nations, both in order to
dispose of surplus products and to find
occupation for our new merchant fleet.
That will require departure from the
extreme doctrine of protection, of
which Mr. Cannon is an advocate. At
the same time' it will be necessary for
the extreme votaries of tariff for reve.
nue only to yield much. They must
concede that any duty, even if levied
for revenue only, has a protective ef
feet, and they should agree that this
effect should be considered in decid
ing on what commodities to levy it
and in fixing its rate. The wisdom
of so doing has been impressed on
us by the lesson we have had in the
necessity of maintaining economic in
dependence by producing certain es
sential commodities, such as chemi
cals, dyes, fertilizers and raw mate
rials for explosives and steel, The
need of such economic defense may
pass away as the proposed League of
Nations gains power, but its success in
preventing war will be only gradual
and we cannot be sure that the after
war settlement will eliminate all pos
sible causes of war. Until this has
been accomplished, it would be folly
to throw down all those barriers which
will constitute our economic defenses.
Unless the war should end much
sooner than we have reason to hope,
direct taxes wiir be increased beyond
the amounts provided in the pending
bill. The percentage will have reached
about as high as is wise under that
bill, and the only way of getting more
revenue will be to reach lower in the
scale by reducing the amount of ex
empt income. There is no valid reason
why an unmarried man whose income
has been increased 100 per cent to
S1000 while his living expenses have
only increased 50 - per cent to $750
should not pay the normal tax pn
$250. If that rule were applied all
along the line, Mr. Cannon would no
longer be able to say that five states
paid more than 70 per cent of the
revenue from inoome tax, every man
would be made to realize that thia is
his war because money would be taken
right out of his pocket to help pay for
It, and he would be more concerned
about where the money goes.
That is one of tho most powerful
motives of policy for imposing direct
taxes and for exacting them from the
mass of the people instead of a select
few. The obstacle to that. policy Is
that the many have small incomes but
have votes, and that Congress alwayi
legislates with an eye to votes rather
than sound policy or justice. But it
is morally certain that if every $100
man paid only $10 a year directly out
of his pocket to the Government, he
would acquire art interest in learn
ing what the Government does with
the money. The same end would be
served if we had taxes on commodities
of general consumption, imposed in
such a way that they would not be
concealed in the price of the goods,
If a woman were informed by her
grocer that the price of a pound of
sugar- was iu cents ana teat the tax
was 1 cent a pound, she would tell her
husband, and while she would- be
prompted to save sugar, he would
watch what the Government did with
the money. Uncle Sam would have no
chance to "pass the buck" to the sugar
trust, which already has enough sins
to answer for.
Americans are wasteful, but they
are most wasteful in their manner of
handling their National finances. They
are learning to practice economy aU
home, and they need an Incentive to
insist upon that virtue in their Gov
ern mental affairs. So long as their
taxes are hidden in the price of their
goods, they regard the treasury as
everybody's gold mine. When the
Government comes to them with a di
rect demand for money to pay its ex
penses, they are apt to Inquire into
those expenses..
That Uncle Sam has been "easy" is
evident from the fact that his mining
and corporation laws permitted
German company to mine tungsten
which was to have been used in malt
ing weapons to kill Americans and
their allies. But a way will be found
to prevent that in future.
By and by nobody will ride on
pass. With Government In control and
using the people's money for deficlen
cies, this course is right. As well ex
tend the franking privilege to a select
Class. To be sure. Congressmen now
enjoy the frank, but there may be a
change.
Military draft treaties are fast
stopping all leaks in the law through
which slackers can escape. These are
hard times for the human being within
the draft age who has a yellow streak,
for his only alternative to fighting is
to work.
A thief took a few hundred sacks
from a Vancouver store the other day,
and it has not been many years since
stock used to tramp around on sacks
in the barnyard. Perhaps that was
one reason men stayed poor. But no
more! . .
Ten cents for a tag is a little thing.
Go without a ' cigar or an extra dish
at your luncheon today. Tou will
never miss it, and it will swell the
fund that every year does great good
in this city.
As ex-King Constantino reads the
war news from his retreat in Switzer
land, he, like the late Lord Salisbury,
may reflect that he backed the wrong
horse when he believed the Kaiser in
vincible.
Infantry remains the most potent
arm, and it will derive much of its
potency from the American arm which
applies skill acquired in throwing the
baseball in throwing grenades.
However much Arthur Brisbane
may, explain, he cannot obscure the
fact that he bought the Washington
Times with money made on beer, and
German beer at that.
Nobody has a bit of sympathy for
the three Portland men whose car
containing 145 quarts was wrecked
near Ashland. They deserve the fines
they will get.
The French girls who have come
to study in American colleges will not
have completed their education until
they have learned to root in approved
style. ,
A dress of flour sacks is external
evidence of thrift Occasionally in
other days such thrift was out of
sight except on washday. .
BOLSHEVISM AND RUSSIAN JEWS
Race Generally Found Aligned Against
Anarchy of Soviet Government.
NEW, YORK. Sept. 14. (To the Edi
tor.) An Associated Press dispatch
from Eetrograd of September 1, printed
in the American press on September
10, tells that three Jews, Trotsky, Kam
enev and Sverdlov, occupy important
positions In the so-called Soviet govern
ment. This dispatch may produce a
wrong Impression as to the role. of the
Russian Jews are playing in the Bol
shevik movement which brought the
new democracy to the verge of ruin.
I wish to 'state that tha Jews in Rus
sia behaved most patriotically in the
highest sense of the word, not only
after the March revolution, but even
before the revolution, while being op
pressed and tortured by the Czar's gov
ernment. Together with tho best rep
resentatives of the Russian people they
understood the historical sense of the
great war and rushed into the Russian
army, fighting bravely for democracy,
even under the Czar's banners. After
the March revolution the Jews in Russia
took a definite stand, supporting the
Provisional Government and opposing
the Bolshevist adventure. Not speaking
about the middle class, the well-known
Jewish labor party "Bund" took such
definite atand, supporting the Provis
ional Government against the Bolshe
vik, "that Lenlne himself said once that
the Bund is even worse than the Ca
dets (Constitutional-Democrats)."
There is not a single branch of Rus
slan culture to which the Jews In Rus
sia didn't make valuable contributions
There Is not a single liberal or revolu
tionary party in Russia In the ranks
of which tho Jews did not serve the
great cause of Russia's liberty. In
the ranka of the Constitutional-Demo
crats we find euch names as Iollcs, Pro
fessor uertxenstein, Vtnaver, and Slios-
berg; In the ranks of tho Soclal-Revolu
tlonists wo find tho names of Gershuni
Qots and Minor; in the ranks of the
Social-Democrats tha names Of Deutsch
and Axelrod. AH of them were and are
Russian patriots in the highest sense
of tho word. All of them proved their
devotion to tho cause of Russia s liberty,
ah or them, with tho exception of those
who died before tho world's conflict
opened, held up the allies' causa and
supported it with all their authority
as a cause or lioerty and democracy.
Tho dispatch, while mentioning that
Trotzky, Kamenev and Sverdlov are
Jews, does not mention that Dora Kap
lan, who ehot Lenino and was executed
by the Bojshoviki, is a Jewess. It does
not mention that Kamkov, whoso real
name is Kats, one of the leaders of tho
Socialists-Revolutionists of . the Left
who was executed by tho Bolshevik!
together with Maria Spiridonova, for
the assassination of the German Am
basador von Mirbach, was a Jew. And
as- far as wo can judge from tho name,
the young man who assassinated Field
Marshal von Klchorn waa also a Jew.
Tho presence of several Jews among
ino leaders or the Bolshevik will in
deed be used by reactionaries to stir
up anti-semltio propaganda. Tens of
thousand of innocent Jewish lives will
probably be tho payment for tho mania
grandiosa of Mr. Trotzky. But it should
bo stated Before tho civilized world, in
the name of Justice, that there are
many Jews who flghr actively -against
tho Bolsheviki as a danger to, democ
racy and that the Jews as a nation
respond to tho allied cause in Russia.
A. J. JACK.
Director Russian Bureau of Informa.
tlon.
Employment of Reg-intrants.
COHVALXJS, Or, Sept. 19. (To the
Editor.) (1) Is. automobile repair
worn considered essential war work ii
a shop where although no direct Gov
ernment work is done there Is repair
work and oxy-acetylene welding for
sawmius, etc.?
(2) Will a man who is in class 4 be
raised to one if ho continues at this
work?
(3) Where can one get a correct list
of the essential and non-essential oc
cupations? .CM.
1. You seem to have confused neces
sary occupation as a cause for deferred
classification with tho "work or fiirht"
order If an industry is held to be
necessary and the registrant is neces
sary to the industry he is given de
ferred classlf'.-atlon. A special ruling
by the draft board would be required
in the case of tho shop employe men
tioned, if he claimed deferred classi
fication because of such employment.
2. A registrant placed in class 4 on
the ground of dependency may work
at any employment so long as it is
productive. It need not be 'essential"
work or "necessary" work. But if it
is non-productive, or not useful, he
must seek other employment or bo ad
vanced to class 1. Repair work of the
kind mentioned is not listed as non
productive.
3. There is no such list. There Is a
list of preferential employments and
one of non-productive employments.
Consult your draft board or an author
ized legal advisor.
like: gen. grant at appomattoi
Every Newspaper and Soldier's Relative
tor Unconditional Surrender.
CANBT, Or., Sept. 19. (To tha Edi
tor.) The writer who is a constant
reader of The Oregonian has been im-
Dressd with a number of your edi
torials and particularly "A Fabric of
Falsehood." I think that we all can
agree as to the answer of our great
President to this peace insult of the
Austrians. There is one matter that
has for loma time disturbed me, as I
believe it has a large number. I fear
the Central Powers peace offensive
more than their military efforts. Now
this Idea has come to me: I am thor
oughly wedded to the principle of un
conditional surrender of the Central
Powers before there is any peace.
Would it not be possible to have every
daily paper in the United States, every
weekly paper great and small, .every
technical magazine, every publication
have on its front page "Our War Aims
Nothing Less .Than an Unconditional
Surrender of the Central Powers"?
This, I believe, was the unanimous
feeling among the G. A. R who recently
met in Portland. I believe this ham
mered into the people morning, xnoon
and night seven times a day would have
a strengthening Influence on the faint
hearted and make the strong stronger.
It would tend to smother tho peace-at-any-price
faction. . And what I believe
would be more, it would have a great
tendency to break down tho morale of,
tha German people.
I believe there has been formed I
society called the "Unconditional Sur
render Society." This would boost the
idea and would all tend to strengthen
the heads of our Government.
I have talked to several wives with
husbands over there and they .are for
an unconditional surrender as also ate
all of tha parents that I have talked to,
Tha continuous and relentless pounding
home of an idea is the real way to ad
vertise, it is tho way to get the public
imbued with a, Bingle thought.
, IS. G. JtOBINSON.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Abo.
From Tha Oregonian Sept. 31, 1893.
The event that is exciting the most
Interest in amateur circles is the com
ing Fall championship games of the
Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club,
which will take place on Multnomah
Field Saturday afternoon. The pro
gramme is the usual championship one
and the winners will be entitled . to
the honors of champions for 1898.
President Cleveland yesterday ap
pointed George H. Foster, for several
years in the postal service in this city,
postmaster at Baker City. Charles A.
Foster, a well-known printer of this
city, is a brother of the appointee, but
la a stalwart Republican, howover.
The improvement of Union avenue Is
completed as far as Highland and it
is a fine thoroughfare for that dis
tance. A movement will be made when
the times get better to extend the im
provement to Woodlawn, but nothing
can be done at present.
Robert S. Farrell. of Portland, called
at the New York office of Tho Orego
nian on September 14. Ho left Port
land a month ago and may return In
about two weeks. Ho is taking In the
World's Fair and all the leading East
ern cities.
Anne Embargo to Mexico, v
COBURG, Or., Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) Did Mr. Taft make any rule
or orders as to embargo on munitions
or arms Into Mexico before he left
office? Had tho United States or any
other outside country any right to fa
Vor one party or tho other in the revo
lution down there by interfering with
entry of said arms or munitions or
otherwise? And, as a matter of policy.
would It not have been better to have
allowed free Ingress of all such muni
tions or. other implements of war, this,
of cour se, not referring to cases where
interference would havo been necessary
to protect tho right of foreigners un
der international law.
GEORGE C. SMITH.
Under authority of a Congressional
resolution. President Taft placed an
embargo on the exportation of arms
to Mexico 1 March, 1913. Soon there
after the regulation was so modified
as not to apply to tho recognized gov
ernment of Mexico.
Sailor's Right to Vote.
PORTLAND, Sept 20. (To the Edl
tor.) 1. Is a man enlisted in tho Navy
and at present in class 6 allowed a vote
in the coming general election?
2. Also please state the meaning of
the words, karaerad and kultur.
' READER.
1. If he Is a citizen of Oregon and is
in Oregon on the day of election he can
vote, but must bo in his own precinct
in. order to vote for local officers.
2. Kamerad comrade; kultur Is the
comprehensive term for tho German
moral, economic and political thought
and action.
Slesslsf of TJischarsre Notation.
PORTLAND. Sept. 20. (To. tho Edi
tor.) Kindly let mo know what the
reason for a discharge from the Army
Is which is designated on discharge
certificate "Par. 5, 8. O. 7. Hq."
AN OREGONIAN.
The quotation means merely para
graph S of special order No. 7, head
quarters. There la no means of learn
ing what reason this cites without
knowing what headquarters is referred
to and the contents of its special or
der mentioned.
Men Overage "la Draft.
PORTLAND, Sept, 20 (To the Edi
tor.) Would a Ynan 47. who registered
as 45 September 13 be released by his
board if his correct age were proved?
A READER.
He would be relieved of draft liability.
Fifty Years Ago,
From Ths Oregonian Sept. 21, 1S68.
Owing to tho low stage of the river,
considerable quantities of goods are
now being hauled in wagona from Ore
gon City to Salem.
Last week the Salem mills received
10,060 bushels of wheat, for which they
pay 70 cents.
A correspondent- of tho Advocate
comes down on Fairs In the last issue
of that paper. He feels aggrieved that
Christian people should take part in
them as they are now conducted. Wo
confess that some things are done at
fairs that are not right, but on the
whole they are certainly promotive of
tho prosperity and wealth of the coun
try and ara great agencies In develop
ing its resources and stimulating the
enterprise and energy of the country.
Arrived. The steamship George 8.
Wright, from Victoria, via tho ports
on Puget Sound, arrived at this city
yesterday at noon. She reports tho
Active detained at the mouth of 'the
Columbia River by fog and 6inoke. The
Wright brought a cargo of lime rock
for tha Oregon Iron Works.
Pr. Boyd Inanea Invitation.
PORTLAND, Sept. 20. (To the EJi
tor.) William C. Covert, V. M. C. A,
worker In tho spruce camp?, is a
speaker and writer of National repu
tation. His connection with the spruce
industry has impressed him very deep
ly in that he sees a method of indus
trial co-operation and peace which Re
cords with tho highest social and Chris
tion ideal. iy
I am anxious to have Dr. Covert
give his ideas to a Portland audience,
and, therefore, have Invited him to
occupy my pulpit on Sunday night,
September 23, at 8 o'clock. I hereby
extend a most cordial invitation to tho
Portland public to hear him.
JOHN H. BOYD.
Pastor First Presbyterian Church,
Twelfth and Alder streets.
Women Clerk la Kranre.
GRASS VALLEY, Or., Sept 19 (To
tho Editor.) In the Sunday Oregonian
was printed a short article about a
woman leader In. overseas service com
ing back to tho states for 6000 col
lego women to do clerical work, there
by relieving men for active servleo.
Kindly tell mo where I can obtain def
inite information in regard to this
work. A READER.
We have no Information other than
that published. A letter directed to
Miss Elsie Gunther. War Department,
Washington, D. C, may reach the rig at
destination, or Tho Oregonian Informa
tion bureau, Frederic J. Kaskln, direc
tor, "VTashingtnn, D. C may bo able to
Inform you. In addressing tho latter;
Inclose a 2-cent stamp for -eply.
Not for That Turpoae.
PORTLAND, Sept. 20. (To tho Edi
tor.) Please tell how -to find a man
through tho recent registration. 1 do
not know what state he Is in, but ho
is the right ago to register and persons
in Portland want to find him very,
much. His relatives refuse to tell where
he is. SUBSCUltJJSK.
Wo doubt that the selective serviced
machinery can bo used aa a private In
telligence aerency.
OVER THERE.
Amid the battle raging fast
With shot and shell.
And fires like e, furnace blast
A blood-red hell:
And comrades call, while others fall.
And horses groan '
My heart Is with you through it all.
My own! My own:
But when the battle cry is hushed.
And peace haa come.
Our Yankee boys from "over there"
Are marching home.
The U. S. A is brimming o'er
With freedoms cheer
Oh, I cannot wait to welcome you.
My dear! My dear!
ELVA PERRY.
Address Should Be Spelled Ont.
PORTLAND. Sept 20. (To the Ed
itor.) Referring to The Oregonlan's
excellent editorial on The Soldiers
Mail" and the necessity of sending of
letters to the soldiers giving a clear
address, may I suggest that instead of
the letters "A. E. F.," the full words,
American Expeditionary Forces," bo
written?
I have been informed that the Aus
tralian troops also use the letters
A. E F.," and from this confusion
might arise. G. T.
Another Chicago bank was looted
yesterday, but the robbers locked up
the stenographer before she could yell.
Robbers learn.
Do not await Columbus day to buy
a bond. Grab the opportunity now.
Then, on that day, repeat if there' be
need.
Is 'today" three times and strike out
for the boilermakers?
The sun crosses-.the line today, and
where is that storm?
"The Faling Will Case" is "contin
ued in our next"
Allotment to Soldier's Wife.
HOSKINS, Or., Sept. 18. (To the
Editor.) 1. Please tell fhe if a woman
s able to work or is working can they
take away from her her allotment as a
soldier's wife.
2. How often does one get Govern
ment pay after her husband has gone?
A READER.
1. No.
2. Monthly.
Qunliflentions of Nurses' Aids.
VANCOUVER. Wash., Sept. 19. (To
the Editor.) Please tell me if there is
any school where nurses' aids may be
trained in a short period of time, as In
three or six months, or if tljere is any
training school where girls are trained
to be aids, and if married women are
eligible. ENQUIRER.
Write to Department of Nursing, Red
Cross Headquarters, Washington, D. C.
ITntrne Answers In Questionnaire.
PORTLAND, Sept. 20.-(To the Editor'.,)-
What is the penalty for giving
your age younger than you are in the
last registration provided you are of
draft age? SUBSCRIBER.
It is technically a misdemeanor pun
ishable by one year's imprisonment, but
tho penalty would not be enforced for
unintentional error.
THE STORY OF A LIBERTY BOND TOLD IN
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN
It is the pledge of the Nation to freedom the registered vow,
translated to terms of militant money, that the Hun shall not posses:
the earth and sully it past the desire of decent folk. How was it
made, that crinkly bit of paper, with its attendant coupons? In the
Sunday issue, Frank G. Carpenter answers with an interesting story
of the genesis of the liberty bond from the time it leaves the flax
r- fields of Europe and the mulberry trees of Japan, until your Govern
ment fiends it forth to you.
"AMONG US MORTALS Step forward, folks, and meet a number of
old acquaintances, as delineated by the graphic graphite of W. E.
Hill, famous illustrator, whose feature page of crayon sketches
appears in each Sunday issue. They are bits from the album of
war, at home, and the artist has with inimitable cleverness mixed
smiles and thought in their portrayal.
IN PORTLAND SCHOOLS Edited by student staffs, and replete
with real and interesting news, from classroom and campus, the
Sunday page of Portland school notes is always of timely interest
to parents as well as pupils. Discussion of war problems and the
fourth liberty loan are taking prominent place in the councils of
pupils nowadays. ,
HE WROTE "THE TRIUMPH OFDEATH" Exemption' for poets?
The. fields of Flanders have answered with many a splotch redder
than their poppies. But Gabriele D'Annunzio, who sang in Italy,
is an emphasis to the answer. Austria fears the swift flight of his
battleplane. The armies of the allies and the enemy alike ring
with his fame as a soldier unafraid, peerless, daring, dauntless of
death. In the Sunday paper is the life story of D'Annunzio, poet
and patriot and paladin.
WITH THE CHURCHES Here is a Sunday page which marks tho
progress of Portland churches. It is up-to-the-moment in an
nouncements of hours of worship, of sermon themes, of the
patriotic trend of church topics. It is your directory of the
churches of the city. Always accompanied by a special sermon.
Tomorrow you will read the expose of Germany's peace proposals,
by Rev. W. B. Hinson, of the East Side Baptist Church.
WITH THE FIGHTING FLEETS "Periscope!" Every man at quar
ters as the American destroyer wheels in her own length and
dashes at the dwindling ripple where the iron shark plunged for.
depth and escape. The bombs splash downward on their deadly
mission. A hit! Wreckage and oil and a sullen swirl where the
big bombs sought their target. Zeebrugge will wait in vain for the
return of one of the sea pariah-pack. Read the Ralph 'D. Paine
serial story of the American fleet in service, now appearing in
The Oregonian, daily and Sunday. '
THE LOAN IN PORTLAND First in all manners of patriotic serv
ice, Portland and Oregon have turned their purpose toward a new
and loftier record in the fourth liberty loan to announce complete
victory by Saturday, September 28. Follow the campaign through
the columns of The Oregonian, where daily information of progress
is given to the public.
ALL THE NEWS OF ALL THE WORLD
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN
Just Five Cents