Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, August 13, 1918, Image 6

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Morning Oregonian., August 13, 1918, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page TextTHE IIORXIXG OREGONIAX. TUESDAY, AUGUST' 13, 1918. foe (torimtatt PORTLAND. OREGON. I Entered at Portland (Oregon) Poetoffica aa Mcoaa-ciut man matter. Subacription ratea Invariably In advance! (Bt IfaiLI Dally, Sunday Included, on year IS 00 uaiiy. cunaajr included, mix month! ..... 4.z Daily. Sunday taciurted. thraa months ... 3.21 Pally. bun-Jay Inc.uded. ona month 73 Dai. y. without Sunday, ona yaar 00 rai:j without Sunday, all montha 8.25 t ' Imty. without Sunday, ona month ..,- . Weakly, ona year ..................... 1.00 Fun Jay. ona year. 2 10 Bonder and weekly .5u By Carrier.) Daily. Snnday Included, ona year $9.00 Dally. Funday Included, one month .73 Dally. Sunday Included, three montha .. S Dally, without Sunday, one year T.SO Dally, without Sunday, three montha ... I f 5 Daily, without Sunday, one month S3 How ta Kemlt 6end postofflce money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at own efa rl.it. Give poatofflce address in full, in cluding county and state. Postage Bates 13 to 16 pages. 1 cent: 18 to 3- paea. A cants: S4 to 4 paces. canta: 0 to 60 pages, 4 cents: '-' to pagea. 3 cata: 7 to S- pages. 6 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Ea-tera Business Office Verree Conk lln. Brunswick building. New York; Verrea a Conk In. S'eger building. Chicago: Verree Conk:in. Free Press building. Detroit. Mich.: San Francisco repreaentatlve. R. J. BldwelU 43 alarket street. try's losses, which are heavier than those of all other countries combined, and difficulty has been experienced in rinding: men to operate the three gov ernment plants for building: fabricated steel ships. The United States lost its rank as a shipping; Nation because, among: other reasons, Britain got a lead in building; steel vessels when they came into use. Supremacy In steel manufacture rave it the advan tage. The United States now leads in steel production, and, therefore, has the opportunity to grain and maintain the lead In shipbuilding: and ship-owning:. EAT THE PERISHABLE FOOD. It will require no strain upon the Ingenuity of the housewife these days to plan her menus with a view to pro moting; the consumption of the perish able foods. These include, of course. MIMBEB OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Tea Associated Presa la exclusively enti tled to the nss for republication of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this psper. and aiso the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dls- patcnee herein are aiao reserved. all of the current vegetables of the home garden which are not to be I tractive. canned, and also those vegetables in j placed on a better foundation at the supply of teachers created under the old system has proved inadequate, and not always ideally qualified for the work. It is especially important that a solution should be found without delay because of the essential part rural schools are destined to play in our reconstruction days. We are on the verge of a new and sane back-to the-land movemenl,.and it is necessary in making; country life attractive that educational opportunities shall be considered. The "country boy" is as much en titled to an education as his city cousin. Not an inconsiderable part of the drift back to the cities has been caused by the desire of parents to ob tain for theicchildren the advantages of city schools. Now it seems that farming is about to enter upon a period of material prosperity which will make it attractive from the com mercial standpoint. Rural life is be ing made in other respects more at- The rural school must be PORTLAND. TUESDAY. AUGUST IS. MIS. RUSSIA RISING AGAIN. That which the allies hesitated to -. attempt revival 0r tne ngnung aciru of the Russian people against Germany seems to nave Deen accompiisnea oy the Czecho-Slovak army without their aio, Tne rugm or adenine ana irotzKy irefi Moscow to Cronstadt is the first suDsianuai result ot iizecn enoris. Their ability to organize an army in the heart of a foreign country, their victories over the Bolshevist forces and the journey of a part of their army across the entire width of Siberia to Vladivostok may be presumed to have inspired the Russians to rise against their betrayers in growing numbers until the letter's only chance of saving their lives lay in flight. The number of Czech o-Slovaks un der arms in Russia is estimated at about one hundred thousand, divided Into three main armies. One has been In the Don Valley and has fought its way to the Volga Valley, advancing toward Moscow. Another is in West ern Siberia, controlling the railroad eastward almost to Irkutsk. Part of . this force may be the one which Is - fighting against a superior body of German and Magyar prisoners at that city. From Irkutsk around Lake Baikal to Chita, on the Chinese fron tier, the railroad seems to be under control of the Bolshevik! and their Teuton and Magyar allies, while from Chita to "Vladivostok the road is held by the Czecho-Slovaks, who drove the Bolshevikl from Vladivostok north ward to the Amur River branch of the railroad. There are three anti-Bolshevik gov ernments in Siberia, one in the west with its capital at Omsk, another in the east with Its base at Vladivostok and a third established by General Horvath tor all Siberia. All look for help from the allies and alliance with the Czecho-Slovaks, but the latter one idea seems to be to fight their way out of Russia and go to the west to fight Austria. The Immediate need seems to be that a sufficient allied force land to enable the Czechs at Vladivos tok to advance westward along the rail road, relieve their brethren at Irkutsk and form a Junction with the army in Western Siberia, at the same time opening the entire road to traffic. This force might attract a large body of Russians to its standard and might arm and equip them as the nucleus of a new army to renew the war with Germany. Careful steering would be necessary to avoid conflict with any of the rival Siberian governments, and. If possible, to unite them in one pro visional government, which would re main until a final settlement is reached. The people of Archangel and the Murman Coast, having already cast off the 'yoke of Lenine and declared for the allies, may be expected to Join the allied forces in overcoming the Germans who are advancing from Fin land to seize 'the Murman railroad. They may then move down the rail road to Petrograd, which city can scarcely be friendly to Lenine or he would not have gone on to Cronstadt, thence to Vologda, where the Arch angel road branches off from the northern branch of the Siberian line. There need be no surprise if such a force should close in on Moscow from the north, while another, joining the Czecho-Slovaks of the Volga, closed in from the south and east. The turn of the tide has evidently come in Russia almost at the same time as in France. The reign of terror is near its end, if not already ended, and the revival of the national spirit has begun. Having been betrayed twice into the hands of Germany, first by the Czar's ministers, then by Lenine, Russia may now re-enter the war under the guidance of its best brains and with the aid of counsel" and armies from its friends. the open market which would ho wasted if not eaten in season. We ought not to omit mention of last season's remnants of canned goods, some of which still repose on the shelves, and last year's beans, which the Food Administrators of several states have pointed out will not keep much longer. The commodity which is edible now but will not continue to be so should have preference on the table. It Is a mistake to suppose that re ports of an excellent wheat crop (which, however, has been reduced by recent estimates), or promise of heavy yields of substitute grains warrant us in relaxing any measure of food econ omy. We should consume the last vestige of last year's potatoes before encroaching upon the new, notwith standing optimistic figures as to the forthcoming crop. The latter may prove to be overestimated, or the situ ation may otherwise be changed be fore winter Is over. The desirability of eating as much seasonable fruit as possible is associated with the sugar shortage, -since nature provides for certain of our sugar needs in this manner, and is also due to general considerations of good hygiene. No one should be lulled into a sense of false security by expectation of a bumper crop of anything. Almost without doubt there will be a place for every Imperishable commodity be fore another harvest rolls around. We should be on the safe side. If we eat the perishables we are certain to elimi nate one item of possible waste. same time. Better pay and greater permanency of employment will be necessary factors in the. coming re form. QUANTITY PRODUCTION OF SHIPS. Launching of the first shipat the Hog Island shipyard begins quantity production at the last of the four great factories of fabricated steel ships. They should rapidly Increase the tonnage completed each month until the United States alone will build more new ton nage than the submarines destroy of all nations, and will make good much of the loss suffered in 1917. The United States completed 187,000 gross tons In June against loss by allies and neu trals from all causes of 275,629 gross tons. The July total has not yet been published, but is certainly much larger. August should show a still greater increase, and may bring new American tonnage above losses of all nations from all causes. There Is a prospect that Hog Island will falsify the pessimistic prediction that It would not be able to comply with contract requirements. It must deliver twenty-five 7500-ton ships be fore October 28 and twenty-five 8000 ton ships before December 13. That would require the company to occupy each of its fifty ways only once within the time specified, which 1s seventy three days to October 28. If it should equal the record made with the Tucka hoe, it would almost launch three ships from each ways in that period. Thus Mr. Ferris, the Shipping Board's architect, may have taken too gloomy a view when he expressed doubt whether the first twenty-five ships would be completed in the last quarter of 1918. The United States may soon take the place of Great Britain as the chief shlp-owblng nation of the world, if Chalrmso Hurley's forecast that we shall continue building at the present pace for five years should be fulfilled. Construction in Great Britain falls far phort of keeping pace with that coun- WASTED: FIVE BILLION DOLLARS. With the seal of authority of the International Harvester Company, which It will be conceded knows a thing or two about business efficiency. upon it, the statement that "on the farms of the United States there Is an average annual loss of about 30 per cent of gross Income" will be received without, incredulity. In a pamphlet, the study of which is commended to farmers generally, it gives detailed estimates of this waste, which are valuable for the moral they contain. It costs the Nation 8100,000,000, by way of illustration," because some farmers fail to test their seed corn before planting. This, however, does not measure the full loss to the im portant corn crop of the country. Im proper harvesting and storing and the planting of Imported seed are impor tant causes of loss. The corn root worm takes toll amounting to anothei 100,000,000. It is believed that loss from the practice of leaving stalks in the field which could be put into silo is half a billion dollars. This enormous waste of wealth concerns corn alone. Our weed bill is 8300,000,000 a year, waste of value in stable fertilizers is perhaps 8100,000,000, smut takes 835, 000,000 worth of small grain, hog cholera kills 865,0,00.000 worth of hogs. the Texas fever cattle tick half a bil lion dollars more, and "scrub" dairy cows appear in the waste account to the tune of $745,000,000. The International Harvester Com pany ought to be a fountain bead for information as to the cost of deprecia tlon of farm machinery. It finds thai this is very large that, coupled with the one-crop system of agriculture and general carelessness, neglect and shift lessness It costs 82,500, 00 1,000. We waste 850,000,000 worth of egg a year. The loss is 17 per cent of the entire quantity produced. Most of this could be prevented by simple pre cautions by producing Infertile eggs, by frequent marketing and by careful handling. Scrub methods make scrub people. Weeds can be fought by planting profitable crops in proper rotation and by cultivating them attentively. Wasta prevention is a form of actual produc tion, with the advantage that it con serves labor. The importance of this form of production cannot be over stated. SHIPPING LINES FOR PORTLAND. The summons of Chairman Hurley, of the Shipping Board, to the Portland Chamber of Commerce to do its part toward supplying traffic for the ships which the Government is building proves that no doubt need be enter tained about getting ships if the people of Portland will operate and patronize them." With a fleet of 3000 ships aggregating 25,000,000 deadweight tons, the United States will be at least the second shipping nation in the world, and may be the first, if Great Britain should not make good its losses from the war. Although at present nearly all new vessels will be needed for military transports and to carry food and war material, the time is near when they will be available for commerce, and that time may come before the war ends. Portland, in common with all other ports, is not only Invited but urged to employ some of these ships in carry ing its commerce, and thus to take a hand In the restoration of the Ameri' can merchant marine, which consists not only in building ships but in oper. atlng them. That they may be oper ated from Portland, it is Important that an operating company take charge of them, that exporters and importers give them traffic and extend their trade to foreign countries and that the citizens generally back the enterprise and constantly take a lively Interest in it As was to be expected, the Chamber of Commerce is already at work on the organization of an operating com pany, and there is traffic in sight for it. Before the year ends action should be- taken which would satisfy Mr. Hurley that this port is doing its part. pendents. Their legal rights will be defined for them by experts, and they will learn what the Red Cross ,and other organizations are doing for them: The foundation for the detailed military instruction which they will receive in the mobilization camps will be laid by removing, so far as may be, the sense of Isolation and - of friendlessness which is the experience of so many "raw recruits." First im pressions mean much to men. What an ideal array of material for an effi cient army it will be which enters camp with confidence, with heads up and hearts beating in unison, imbued with a high sense of its new calling veterans in every sense except the technical one at the beginning of a new career! The immensity of the undertaking ought to be impressed upon the public because of the huge demand for indi vidual effort which it entails. The Government has shown its confidence in the agencies which will be employed by directing draft boards to summon draftees to receive instruction, but effi cient administration will require that the men so assembled shall be cared for In small groups, in which the prob lems of individuals may receive the utmost possible attention. It is per haps only an incident that Oregon is a pioneer in the movement; it is cer- tain that the work will attain National proportions. The preparation of some millions of soldiers for their dutie will call for the assistance of an Army In itself. Let no citizen complain that there is no work for him to do. How many are there who are qualified to help? The problems of the soldier are the problems of everyone nowadays, The man who fortune has decreed shall remain at home can do no less than prepare himself to help make the task of our soldiers easier. LANDLORDS NOT MAKING' MONEY High Taxes and Increased Repair Coats Eat Up Higher Rentnla. PORTLAND, Aug. 1J. (To the Ed itor.) Mr. Dodson, of the Chamber of Commerce, seems to think that the landlords of Portland are reaping a harvest in unreasonable rents. There may be a few exceptional cases wherein the cupidity of the owners tempts them to do a little profiteering on the side, but these landlords are the ex ception rather than the'rule. Notwithstanding the great demand for houses, the landlords are not get ting within SO per cent as much for their property as they were 10 years ago, for the reason that up to the past In the battles which began on July 18 the allies have taken more prison ers and more guns than in the entire battle of the Somme from July 1, 1916 to the beginning of March, 1917. and at Infinitely less cost to themselves. As the German resistance stiffens, seri ous losses to the allies are Just begin ning. . As new flttlng-up shops are added to shipyards, Portland's record for completed vessels will soon catch up with that for launching hulls. There will be no let-up in development of the Industry until this port provides everything that goes into a ship, from an anchor to a needle. 'ine rush or marriages to escape military responsibility continues, but there will be a lot of chaps who will be willing to surrender themselves for duty a little later on. The kind of girl who will marry a man she knows to be a slacker Is apt to fall short of the Ideal as a wife. SCARCITY OF RURAL TEACHERS. The Superintendent of Schools of Cowlita County, Washington, onlj gives further testimony to the a p. proach of an educational crisis in her statement that the rural schools within her jurisdiction are likely to suffer scarcity of teachers during the coming year. The situation Is not new, and it varies only in intensity from that of a few years ago. The fact Is that the teacher famine has been coming upon the country for some years past, gradually but so cer talnly that It has given cause for alarm to thoughtful observers. The war, which has affected every human activity, now accentuates it, and so, no doubt, performs a service, but it was inevitable, war or no war. . The issue is largely economic. In a few words, salaries paid to rural teachers are not sufficient to make the profession attractive, and there t growing sentiment that in this, as ia other professions and in the trades, the laborer is worthy of his hire. Men and women may not be set down light ly as "dollar worshipers" because they train themselves for occupations In which, besides the Joy of working, they are likely to obtain money re wards in keeping with their ambition to support their families, to enjoy rea sonable opportunities for culture and to lead normal, American lives. It is true that teaching is a high calling, and that there is something sacred about it, and that many do find com pensation in realization of duty well done, but in the long run this is not enough. If the rural schools are to maintain the standard which all hope for, there ultimately must be such a readjustment as will permit the ex tension to all of them of the principle of the living wage. Doubtless the problem will be solved in time. There Is already a manifest tendency toward consolidation of the weaker districts with a view to bring this about. But by far the most hope ful sign of all is the growing dispo sition to recognize teaching in the country schools as a separate profes sion, to be entered upon seriously as a career, and not as a mere means of earning a few dollars while preparing for some other kind of, work. The HELPING THE DRAFTED MEN. The organized movement to aid drafted men in solving their personal problems, to educate them where edu cation may be needed, as to their duty In the war, that their morale may be heightened thereby, and to remove every possible doubt and obstacle which might militate against full ser ice Is an ambitious task. To the ordl nary observer it will seem to be an enormous one. The thought forces itself upon one, as the details of th great programme are studied, that it is one which might cause any but the stoutest of hearts to falter, for it con templates reaching some millions of men, all within a short space of time, and performing a definite, practical and personal service for them which will make them debtors of their bene factors in all the years to come. Tet the programme will be carried out in full we are sure of that be cause of certain facts which ought to make optimists of the most confirmed croakers. First, it must be realized that there is united public sentiment behind every effort for the betterment of the surroundings of our men. Sec ond, there is in the land a spirit of co-operation such as we believe never has existed before. Perhaps this is the most significant development of all. There exists no petty jealousy be tween organizations, no Inclination to hang back lest someone else may get the "credit" for that which is being done, no desire to appropriate all the glory, when there Is glory enough for all. The boards of instruction for the drafted men will be the product- of such united endeavor as we have never realized before In so good cause. ' It Is good to know that working hand in hand are the Young Men's Christian Association, the Knights of Columbus and the Jewish Welfare Board, the three principal sectarian organizations engaged in war work be hind the lines, and that they are re ceiving the hearty co-operation of the Red Cross, the Social Hygiene Society and the Council of National Defense. The machinery of organization which these bodies bring to the task is an important factor in reducing its dif ficulties, but the fact that they are working together is the most optimis tic fact of all. No force could resist their joint attack. They are the en tente allies of the good, combined in an irresistible offensive upon the en trenchments of every anti-patriotic In fluence. , When in the history of the -world did an army ever go forth to battle so well established upon a firm moral and spiritual foundation as ours will be? When was there ever an Individ ual soldier to whom were given so many opportunities for traveling in the right path? The movement em. phasizes the contrast with conditions of only a few years ago. It exhibits a spirit of patriotism in the highest sense which makes pessimism impos sible, even in the midst of the great est war of all the ages. Briefly, the work which these or ganizatlons have undertaken may be classified under three principal head ings. It Is personal, social and Na tional. Under the first it is proposed to Instruct the prospective soldier in the preliminary duties which are ex pected of him, to counsel with him as to his rights and to inform him as to the privileges of which he may avail himself. The second heading, which comprises social hygiene an a the liquor problem, is also personal,- but by reason of its vast importance has been set apart. The third, the National as pect, is one upon which a large num ber of agencies are working, and the board of instruction will seek to make the application intimate and individ ual. It. includes the answer to the question, "Why Is America' in the War?" and to. collateral ones. It is easy to conceive how greatly the morale of our class 1 men, for ex ample, will be Improved when their minds have been set at rest upon va rious matters which are wholly new and strange. They will be told what is expected of them upon their induc tion into camp, and instructed as to their insurance and allowances and the rights of themselves and their de-; The Olympic games in Berlin, which were postponed on account of war, may be held after peace is made with a great prospect that all the running races will be won by Germans. They have trained down to the limit and they are now and will hereafter be in constant practice. The increasing death rate In Rus sia under Bolshevik rule threatens to offset the advantages of having "peace." Some day the Russian peo ple will wake up to the fact that the Bolshevik! are not their friends; the pity is that experience must be so dear a teacher. No stronger proof of the value of Benson Polytechnic School to the city could be given than the testimony borne by many witnesses to its value to the Army, for its graduates into civil life will be as useful as those whom It trains for military life. The commander of the U-boat which is raiding the Atlantic Coast has that discretion which is the better part of valor. He bravely bombards fishing boats and a lightship, which are un armed, but has not touched a .trans port. ' , . five months property was bringing in such a pittance in rent that the land lord was receiving practically nothing on his Investment. In fact, nearly half the landlords in the city had to borrow money to pay their taxes. Then, too, property was run down to such an ex tent that the income of the property was all taken up in putting it in some kind of reasonable repair. The cost of all materials has gone up so high that all the property owner can do is about one-half the repairs that should be done. Painting and plumbing are prac tically out of sight. I believe that the majority of the property owners of this city would be more than glad to dispose of their holdings to their tenants if the tenants desired to buy; the landlords would sell for a small sum down and so much per month. Then the tenants who think they are fleeced by high rents would be their own property holders. The property owner is taxed unnec essarilv on every hand. As an evi dence of this take the Tanner Creek sewer. Lots both on Sixteenth . and Nineteenth streets, in the north end of the city, are taxed 890 a lot. This is aside from the regular tax, which Is exorbitant in itself. This sewer cost 8360,000 for one-half; the other half is not yet complete and no one knows what it will cost. The sum or sjbo,- 000 ouerht not only to put in the whole of Tanner Creek sewer, but ought to put in sewers in the whole or tne central portion of the city. This sewer was two years In construction and should have been completed in four months if worked out on a. business basis. But the contractor was assured of a big price beforehand; therefore, he saw no necessity to rush tne jod to completion. - THOMAS GU1NJSAJN. When the Hun learns an American aviator can jump from a plane going ninety miles at an elevation of 3000 feet and alight safely he is going to consider his chances in fighting such reckless people. SCENE OF LATEST HUN MASSACRE Town Where Wholesale Military Exe- rations Occurred Ia Described. Maramaros-Sziget. the scene of re cent wholesale military executions by Austrian army officers,' is the subject of the following war geography bul letin issued by the National Geographic Society: The Hungarian city of Maramaros- Szlget (pronounced Maro-mor-osh-Sisrsret). where 150 Czech-Slovak offi cers and 500 men are reported to have been shot for mutiny, is the capital of the county of Maramaros, In the northeast section of the kingdom. Nestling at the foothills of the Carpathians, at the Influx of the Iza with the River Theiss, this mountain city is one of the most picturesque In the dual monarchy. At its annual fairs before the war the Ruthenians, Roumanians, Magyars, gypsies, Slovaks and Armenians in their native costumes made a veritable kaleidoscope of colors. Sportsmen were accustomed to mak ing Maramaros-Sziget their headquar ters when hunting for bear, lynx. chamois and marmots In the wooded environs. In fact, one of the profitable industries of the town was the supply ing of tourists with horses and equip ment for their hunting Jaunts. Tourists In this section or Hungary never failed to visit the famous salt mines of the region, one of the most Interesting being the Franclscus mine, 4 miles from the town. At the Apaffy mine, 13 miles distant, there is a great salt lake having a depth of 300 feet in some places. This was a favorite resort for Sunday excursionists in the days of peace. "The River Theiss, which rises In the mountains above Maramaros-Sziget, next to the Danube, the most Im portant waterway of the dual mon archy. From its source to Its con fluence with the Danube Is a distance of only 340 miles in an air line, but its. meandering length is nearly 900 miles. "The wooded slopes of the Carpath ians make lumbering a -profitable in dustry for the natives of this section of Hungary. PROGRESS AWAITS POWER LAW Act to , Permit District Organization Would Aid Reclamation in Oregon. PORTLAND, Aug. 12 (To the Edi tor.) In my letter August 9 I tried to ehow the great benefit to be derived through an act by the State Legisla ture allowing power districts to be formed in the development of the Fort Rock country, which Is now suffering for the want of action and the failure of our State Legislature to give the needed relief asked for and desired. May I be permitted to quote from another letter which I have before me on this same subject of power devel opment which we had up at that time? It is from one of the leading business men of La Pine, Or.: After close study of Central Oregon for a period of several years. I have come to think a great deal ot the possibllties ot this portion of our state. From a develop ment standpoint the surface has scarcely heen scratched as yet. Central Oregon haa the largest body of standlnr sine timber In the world today, and the La Pine country is in me neart ot this timber body. The basin, in which La Pine Is, has over 400 square miles of level land, with great depth of sou, ireeaom irom rocK, and never to ex ceed 20 to 25 reel to the finest well water. South and southeast of this barm there are several million acres of land, which one of tne loremost flour mill men of the North west says is the future wheat belt of the West. At the time the above letter from which I have quoted and the other quoted in my letter of the 9th. also several more which I have on the same subject, were written we had under discussion the possibilities of a law which would allow the formation of power districts along the same line as Irrigation districts. Fort Rock is suffering for water for Its stock, and many of them must be slaughtered, La Pine basin has plenty of water for Its stock. With its agricultural pos sibilities, as a stockralsing -nd dairy lng country it has no equal In the state. It has thousands of acres awaiting the farmer to carve out a home. When cleared these acres will produce an abundance of grass and grain, alfalfa, cloven, timothy, wheat, rye, oats and all kinds of root crops wherever water can be gotten on the lands. Is it unreasonable to ask the enactment of a law of this kind? Hundreds of communities would take advantage of this cheap method of Ir rigation, and our production would be increased in many places a hundred fold. Then why not grant It? W. H. H. JUFUR. In Other Days. MECHANICAL TERSE. The newspapers which formerly were vociferous champions of bogus neutrality, of arms embargoes and of warning resolutions, now tremble lest the Impelling monetary motive be discovered. The man hit by an auto who de clared it was the largest kind of car no doubt believed it was such. That class of accident makes any man see big. A club for disgraced Generals will be the next thing in Germany, with Von Kluck as the oldest member and with the Crown Prince as president. The first Rogue River Bartletts got in yesterday, and are said to be of splendid quality. Sure thing, being Rogue Rivers! How a sovereign state must enjoy owning a hand-picked Senator, when the hand Is that of the President! With Government taking the bulk of the salmon pack, the wise house wife glasses her Winter supply. When all the war workers are wear ing badges, the fellow who does noth ing can only show his cheek. If that old prison ship Success stays on the bottom of the Kentucky River she will complete her record. Under the highest price ever paid for hogs in Oregon, the animal grunts approval and is proud. It may be charity as well as business when the United States buys 1,000,000 watches in Switzerland. When an auto bumps a streetcar there is as much glory as In stepping on an elephant's tail. Womenfolk ' on the farms will breathe easier to know Thompson haa been recaptured. The Veterans slept out more than half a century ago, but they cannot do so now. There are now 1,300,000 Americans in Europe, each out for a record and making It. That bronze button stands for an American legion of honor. Two parades on Labor day will be something unique. Weeds are unsightly, therefore ob noxious. Cut them , Naturalization of German. KERRY. Or., Aug. ll. (To the EdI tor.) I was born and raised in the German empire and came to this coun try in 1902 and took out my first citi zenship papers in Spokane in 1904. would have had my second ones long ago were it not so extremely difficult for a common laborer to f uliill the re quirements to get them. Even despite the case that I have two legal witnesses who are property holders who have known me for more than 10 years, when I ask them to tes tify and help me get those papers, then they are usually hesitant and brag ging, as If that puts them into much danger. They will usually discourage a man, as if to become a citizen for a common slave laborer is an unneces sary luxury. That's the case with many. Now, what can I do about it? Can I, after having taken out my first papers in 1904, get my second ones now, and un der what conditions? A COMMON LABORER. In addition to the ordinary require ments you will need to submit proof of loyalty to this country. Write to Naturalization Service, Custom-House, Portland, for particulars. The Soldier's Chances. Great as the danger and large as the losses in the aggregate, the individual soldier has plenty of chances of coming out of the war unscathed, or at least not badly injured. Based on the mortality statistics of the allied armies, a soldier s chances are as follows: Twenty-nine chances of coming home to one chance of being killed. Forty-nine chances of recovering from wounds to one chance of dying from them. One chance in 500 of losing a limb. Will live five years longer because of physical training. Is freer from disease In the Army than In civil life and has better medical care at the front than at home. In other wars from 10 to 15 men died from disease to one from bullets; in this war one man dies from disease to every ten from bullets. For those ef our fighting men who do not escape Bcathless, the Govern ment under the soldier and sailor In surance law gives protection to the wounded and their dependents and to the families and dependents of those who make the supreme sacrifice for their country. When the Great Mechanic planned you every needful part he gave, Set the wondrous engine. Mind, in place secure; Put the guiding levers handy, and from cradle to the grave Meant that you should have command both safe and sure; Both the force that makes for happi ness and that which makes for woe Are within your own control each hour and day; You should study life's time-table and select the route to go Then be sure your engine's working. . all the way! Thought-lines lead into the unknown over mountain, cross the plain. Some go crawling through the marsh and through the mire; Choose with care the one to follow, and in case you turn again Careful be to choose the one that leads you higher. Let no morbid apprehensions clog the wheels, for these corrode: Let no envy nor self-pity cause one whine; Keep a steady eye ahead for ruts that loom in every road. And you'll reach your destination right on time! GRACE E. HALL. 607 East Forty-ninth Street, North. Half Century Ago. From The Oregonlan, Aug. IS. 1968. Nashville. Senator William Wyatt was dragged from bed by a large party of Ku Klux and was struck over the head with a pistol. He is a man of un blemished character. San Francisco. Laborers are en gaged In laying the foundation of tha new California Theater on Bush street. Napoleon III, Emperor of France, yesterday recovered damages In the United States Court on account of a collision between a French war vessel and an American clipper. Congress has extended the time for commencing work on the North Pacific Railroad. One hundred miles of track must be laid annually between Lake Superior to Puget Sound. It must be completed within nine years. Stlckney's Paris Exposition Circus will be in Portland next week and glvo two ot their wonderful performances. Twenty-five Years Ago. From The Oregonlan, Aug. 13, 1S03. Chicago. Zimmerman won the one mile international championship bicy cle race with a record run of 2:13 4-5. Corvallis. Buildings on the agricul tural farm are being rushed to comple tion. The mechanical hall and the hor ticultural building will be ready in September. Rome. The Pope has expressed his approval of legislation to protect work- lngmen and children. The matter will ba taken up b: the International Cath ollo Workingmen'a Congress. Chicago. N. K. Fairbanks and John Cudahy have offered to settle with their creditors at 60 cents on the dol lar. The buildings for the Catholic monastery. East Twelfth street. In Hoi laday Addition, are nearlng completion. SOLDIER IS AMAZED BY DENIAL Of Man Power. We read much of man power these days; human power is a better term, because it emphasizes the fact that the women and children also constltut a great factor in this war. In the final victory every man, woman an child In America can and should have a part. In comparing the man power of Ger many with that of the United States it must be borne in mind that a much larger proportion of the manual labor of the man power of the Nation Is per formed, Is exerted by the German women than by the women of America, It is said thrt In peace times th women constituted 42 per cent of th agricultural and Industrial labor Germany. They work in the fields, 1 the factories, in the mines, at the very hardest and most laborious tasks, do lng the work only done by men In this country. With a great proportion o the German men in the army, It is not improbable that women now constitut by far the larger half of German manual labor. The women of the United States are nobly, unselfishly, manfully, one may say, bearing their share of the burdens of war. By the grace of God and th power and courage of America the fate of the German women is not and will never be theirs. But It will be with their assistance a"nd co-operation and their full assumption of the burdens and duties of the day that the United States is to exert Its full power in ridding the world of that intolerabla German kultur which makes brute sol diers of the men and slaves of the women. Reason for Cleaning Up. PORTLAND. Aug. 12. -(To the Edi tor.) The city ot Portland is to en tertain the G. A. R. of the United States, Portland Is widely advertised as the Rose City and much will be expected of the guests. It's a bad season for tne flowers here, but we could at least nut many of the neglected yards in better shape, also the parkings. Many parkings are grown up to high grass or weeds and many yards are brown from lacK or water, vacant lots when not in gardens are covered with hlch crass or weeds. Vacant lots and lots with gardens in many cases nave the edges covered with weeds or wild rasDberrles that taKe up aDoui one fourth of the sidewalk and the parking Is full of weeds taking up about one- fourth from that side, wita tne wasn frpm irrigating the gardens that has run onto the sidewalks, or in some cases the dirt left where the teams crossed when they were plowed, the conditions do not live up to what our cruAeta will-exDect. There seems to be a big lack of civic pride for some reason. A CITIZEN. Aliens In the Draft. PORTLAND, Aug. 12. (To the Edi tor.) Are Swiss - aliens subject to draft? I was four years old when I came to the United States and I am 18 years old now. Isn't there some treaty between the United States and Switzerland? A DALLY READER. A Swiss who hasNiot declared his intention to become an American cit izen may claim exemption on the ground of alienage. But if your father has become fully naturalized that act has made you also an American citizen. Fay of School Teachers. PORTLAND, Aug. 12. (To the Ed itor.) Are teachers of the Portland city schools paid by the month or the year SUBSCRIBER. They are paid by the school year. A teacher under a 11200 contract will re ceive $120 the first of every month of the 6Chool year. The board varies this rule at times to accommodate the teachers. In September teachers are paid at the expiration of the first three weeks of school and again at the end of the fourth, instead of waiting until October 1. Pay for December is given in full before the Christmas holidays. why Italy Entered the War. Forum. Italy entered the war in answer to the behest of civilization and Justice. Italy's men have always been ready to die for the cause of freedom their own and that of others and Italy's law was first In advocating the liberties of municipal, national and International intercourse, , Private Bevaa Avers He Heard Hobaon Moke Charge Now Repudiated, MEDFORD, Or., Aug. 10. (To the Editor.) It was with amassment that I read the article In The Oregonlan in which you state Captain Hobaon stren uously denies having Informed the peo ple of this locality that before the troops of the allies went into action they were issued rum to the extent of giving them courage to meet the enemy. I was present at that meeting, for the reason I wished to hear the ad dress of a brave service man, and can, I am confident, get numbers of reputa ble citizens of this town to corroborate my point. At the time I was on the point of rising In my seat and chal lenging this slander, but I am not anxious for publicity. Having "done my bit," I have come to this most won derful valley to live, away from the rigorous climate of the part or canacia where my home was. I emphatically wish to state tnac Captain Hobson made the remarks at tributed to him. At that meeting i Imagined he was so anxious to bring before his audience the evils of liquor that he gave expression to the matter in discussion, believing it to be true from hearsay. Many such stories at one time were circulated In Canada, dui with the number of men now returned from the front these cruel slanders against the memory of brave men have been set at naught. A C. Bfc.VA.iv., Late No. 61065, P. P. C. L. I. FLING WIDE THE DOORS. Hark! hear ye not the vibrant drum Call through the immortal years? Far roll its echoes; "Comrades, come"; Far float the faintly echoing cheers. Speak now, ye grizzled ranks of blue; What were . your deeds, it deeds there be? Say, were ye staunch and were ye true; And did ye flinch where blood ran free? Like lightning's flash the answers run the lines that stretch away? And bent forms straighten in the sun As nostrils breatne mat long-guno fray : I faced the hosts of fiery Hood." with Grant I fought heroic Lee. "With Chickamauga'e Rock I stood." "I marched with snerman to tne sea. Come, prisoned tears, in deluge vast. Relieve our deei emotion's thrall! Thou valiant, throng, of those the last ii-kniP nula awoke at Freedom's call! Fling wide your doors, ye city proud. And all your graterui nomao pj TO these who rougnt wnen ui'uie Her 'trumpet blew that fateful day! They come no more; our tear-swept eyes Chan look In vain some form to see; A Voice shall whisper from the skies: I call mine own to come to me. WILLIAM McREYNOLDS. MINE AND THINE. A single trembling evening star. Tn a s!.v of rose ano mue; A vibrant, silver, hopeful star. That shines for me ana you Comrade, for me and you Who wore the Union Blue, The rose-flushed sky has swung away, The wind of dUsK comes mrougn. Still flames that silent, nopeiui sir, Still shines for me ana you Comrade, for me and you. Who loved the Union Bluo. JACK R. SILL. McCleary, Wash. YOUR WAR AND OTHER QUES TIONS ANSWERED. Do you know the routine of the soldier's life in camp? Do you know how your trade can be used in a shipyard, the wages paid, and how to apply for work? Over 75 trades are used in shipbuilding and yours may be needed. Would you like to secure a copy of the latest Congressional bills? State which one you want. Do you know the status in the draft of the college man? Do you know how to make 10 pounds of sugar do 14 pounds of sweetening? Do you know how to put up grapejuice? Do you know how to care for a sick canary? The Oregonlan maintains, at its own expense, a FREE infor mation bureau in Washington, D. C. If there is anything you want to know, ask and every possible effort will be made to give you correct information. Be sure to enclose a 3-cent stamp for return postage and to write your name and address plainly. The Portland Oregonlan Informa tion Bureau, FREDERIC 3. HASKIN. Director. Be sure to send your letter to Washington, D. C.