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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 29, 1918)
TIIE MORNING OltEGONIAN, SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1918. DRAFT AGE LIMIT STANDS UNCHANGED Way Cleared for Passage of 12 Billion Army Bill by ' I Senate Action. McC UMBER LEADS DEBATE Xorlh Iakotan Criticises Congress l'or "Abdicating Its Duties", to executive Departments of Administration. (Continued From First Page.) MAP SHOWING WHERE BRITISH AND FRENCH DROVE INTO THE GERMAN LINE. eachuselts to make the maximum age Compulsory Training Fails. S3 years instead of 40. Proposals by Senator Brandegee of Connecticut to reduce the minimum age to 18 years also was defeated, and by Senator New of Indiana to make mili tary training of youth between 20 and lil compulsory. Speaking for the Fall amendment. Senator Cummins, Vf Iowa, said it was unexplainable why War Department of ficials should offer any opposition to the proposal. Senator McCumber, of North Dakota, advocated extending the draft so as to include all men between 18 and 45 years of age and declared for an Army of C000.U00 immediately. Chamberlain Opposes Extension. Chairman Chamberlain, of the mili tary committee, said emphatically that the latter proposal was impracticable. "We're not able now to clothe, arm, train and otherwise equip 5,000,000 men," said Mr. Chamberlain. He ex plained that, although favoring per sonally immediate extension of the draft ages, he was accepting the state ments of Secretary Baker and General March, chief of staff, that i". was de sirable to postpone legislation because of problems of housing, training, arm ing, clothing and transportation. Senator McCumber said concrete chips would solve the tonnage prob lem, but' that before great production of these ships can begin "an everlasting conspiracy against them" must be overcome. Allied Lohhji Heavy. The Shipping Board, he said, will not take the responsibility ot build ing concrete vessels unless directed to do so by Congress and the House com mittee leaves the matter to the board's discretion. Allied losses -exceeded 200,000 a month, the number of American troops ent to France, Senator McCumber de clared. "Between March 21. the day the Ger man drive began against the British, to June 21, the day when the German drive against the French and Italians ended, the allies lost in prisoners alone 225,000 men," he continued. "All of these came from the fighting units. Other losses of our allies were about equal to those of the enemy. "This Is not surprising, because of the enemy's superior artillery, deadlier gases and overwhelming numbers. Our failure to do better will prolong the war and increase its horrors. We can do more." Duties -Declared Abdicated. Senator McCumber took Congress to task for "abdicating its duties" and leaving the executive departments to direct everything. Congress, he said, has not once asked itself how large an Army will be necessary to win this war or what tonnage will be required to support the Army, but instead it has devoted its time to passing bills recom mended by the Administration. Admitting that the Secretary of War 3s a good lawyer, Senator McCumber asked it he has had any more military training than members of the military committee to warrant his judgment be ing more acceptable than theirs. The allies, including the United States, are "tardy inefficient follow ers" of Germany in the development and use of big guns and other modern war appliances. Senator McCumber de clared, and any budget providing for Jess than an Army of 5,000,000 men is "playing with war and not conducting war." Line Broken, Says Senator. Asserting that Secretary Baker and the press of the country seemed to be the only ones who had the opinion come time ago that the allied line on the western front could not be broken, the Senator said. Germany broke the line and forced it back in one place 36 miles in three days and despite reports of great allied reserves in France ready to stem Hun onslaughts, there never has been any considerable number of reserves. "The reserve force lies in the soldiery of the United States," he declared. "We might as well recognize that now." Submarine losses as computed by the Kavy Department, were cited by Sena tor McCumber as another evidence of "our habit of minimizing our disasters end magnifying our successes." He mentioned that he recently called nttention of the Senate to an Amster dam cable saying the Germans claim the sinkings for May totaled 614,000 tjross tons. Question of Sinkings Raised. This statement, he eaiil. led Senator Beckham, of Kentucky, to get a state ment from the Navy Department which Khowed the actual losses from May 1 to 2S. inclusive, were 233,639 gross tons, and the estimate for the entire month was 258,671 tons. Two days after Senator Beckham ob tained the statement. Senator McCum ber said, the British Admiralty re ported the May losses for the British alone were 224,735 gross tons, and that losses of other countries from all causes were 130,959, making the total losses of May 355,694 gross tons. He said computation of American shipbuilding in deadweight tons is mis leading, since losses are figured in gross tons. Exemptions of neutrals from the draft evoked a brief controversy. Chairman Chamberlain presented an amendment, which he said the State Department desired enacted, providing for exemption of neutral citizens. He eald the present provision of the draft law conflicts with treaties between the United States, Spain, Switzerland, Nor way, Denmark and Sweden, and that exemption from American draft of their citizens was regarded by the State De partment as of "pressing" importance. The Senate, however, adopted the Hitchcock substitution. W. 8. S. BCI THE LIMIT PENSACOLA, Fla., June 28. John G. Zeller. a machinist, stationed at the local aviation field, was drowned today when the airplane he was flying fell into Fensacola Bay. V - 5k feucAotetj- S "S 'Off T 0K60AA In TVorth Arrow Shown Point Where British Troops Launched Drive on 3V&-Mile Front, While Jn South Arrow Indicates Approximate Location of Sector of French Advance on 4V4-MIIe Front. Heavy Black Line Shows Approximate Location of Battle Front, and Dotted Line Shows Battle Front Before Her mans Launched Drive March 21. Shaded Portions Indicate Gains of Allies. LL-AS Absolutely H Removes dndigestionDruggists Refund monevlifiit.fails.. 25c HUNS HURLED BACK British and French Troops Gain on 8-Mile Front. PRISONERS EXCEED 1400 English Forces Advance Between Bailleull and Bcthnne in Sur prise Attack and Frcncli Make Gain Close to Soissoiis. ("Continued From Firt Page.) Nieppe forest in places, with the re sult that the British felt a lack of elbow room for operations. It was in order to acquire more leeway that today's assault was projected. All Objectives Reached. The objectives settled upon lay along the winding little stream known as Platebecque, which bowed out toward the east in a semi-circle back of the German lines. Prussians and Saxons were holding this zone with a series of strong machine gun posts linked up with barbed wire. The first stages of the drive were comparatively easy. In fact all the final objectives were reached without much difficulty. At two strongly fortified farms near the center of the line the enemy fought stubbornly, but was unable to stand out long against the furious onslaughts of the British, who at tacked them from all directions. The losses among the storming in fantry for the entire engagement were light, due largely to the fact that the show was over before the enemy was able to organize. Australians Capture Boches. As a special feature of the pro gramme Australian troops on the left carried out an attack of their own, adding nearly half a hundred pris oners to the bag. The morale of the prisoners was not high. These men and others cap tured recently expected to get ahead much faster. The men have professed to believe that the United States was not going to be able to render much assistance to the allies. The helplessness of the United States is being preached as sudiously to the troops by the Ger man high command and this propa ganda undoubtedly has been having its effect among the mn in the trenches. With the German officers naturally it is different, for they have no de lusions on the subject. During the Spring the low-lying ground here had been little better than a morass. The warm weather of recent days dried it cut enough to make it feasible for infantry oper ations. Bombardment Is Short. The British pushed off at 6 o'clock this morning after a chort, sharp bombardment, just as th3 white mists were beginning to arise along the numerous streams which thread their tortuous - way about this region. Statements by prisoners show that the enemy had not the slightest ex pectation of the British taking the initiative at this point. The Germans felt so secure that they were devot ing most of their time to i campaign against the epidemic known locally as the Flanders grippe, which has sent many of them to hospitals. The British were over the top and at the enemy before the latter realized their danger. Machine-gun posts were stormed and cleared out with hand grenades and bayonets. Where the Germans were holding a stretch of trench, the attacking troops pushed up with rapid-firers and swept the ditches with an intense fire that an nihilated the defenders. LONDON, June 28. British troops in attack today against the Germans have advanced their line over a front of nearly three and a half miles to an average depth of ue.-.rly a mile east of the Nieppe forest, which lies between Bailleul and Bethune, ac cording to the British official commu nication issued this evening. Australians Make Gain. West of Merris Australian troop3 also' captured enemy positions. On both sectors prisoners and machine guns were taken. Considerable artillery activity de veloped last night on both sides in the region southeast of Gommecourt, southwest of Arras. British patrols inflicted casualties upon the Germans in clashes in this area. The communication tonight follows 'This morning English troops carried out a successful operation on a front of about three and a half miles east of the Nieppe forest. Our line on this front has been advanced to an average depth of nearly a mile and more than 300 prisoners and 22 machine guns have been captured. "All of our objectives were gained including the hamlets of L'Epihette verterue and La Becque. Germans Are Surprised. "The enemy was taken by surprise and our casualties are light. "At the same hour Australian troops attacked and captured certain hostile posts west of Merris, together with 43 prisoners and six machine guns. "On the remainder of the British front the situation is unchanged-." BERLIN, via London. June 28. The Germans are bueily engaged in attempts to repulse vigorous attacks by the allied armies north of the Lys and couth of the Aisne rivers, says the German of ficial communication issued this . even ing. The communication follows: "North of Lys and south of the Aisne we are fighting to repulse vigorous enemy partial attacks." (By the Associated Press.) The British troops in Flanders and the French forces further south appar ently have anticipated the proposed German drive toward the Knglish Chan nel ports or Paris, and struck first. Although slight details of the maneu vers thus far have been revealed, the allied troops caught the enemy un awares at important points and took terrain which would have been of con siderable value as the starting points of enemy attacks. A comparatively large number of prisoners and machine guns were left by the Germans. The attack of the British was de livered about midway between Haze brouck and Bethune on a front of nearly three and a half miles. Altogether, the attack was produc tive of an average gain of ground to a depth of nearly a mile, and included the taking of several small hamlets. It is probable the Germans in a pro posed offensive in this region had set their hearts on the capture of St. Omar and the railway line running thence to Calais and Dunkirk. The stroke of the French troops was over a still greater front four and a half miles and they penetrated enemy positions at some points a mile and a quarter. The evident intention was further to block the gateway to Paris through' the Villers-Cotterets Tegion. IT 0 1 SHIPSUI British Steamer Atlantian Tor pedoed by Enemy. FATE OF CREW UNKNOWN Twenty-Four Survivors of Transport Swinsk Reach Shelburnc, X. S. Two Boatloads Still Unaccounted For. A GULP PORT, June 28. Private ad- vices have been received here that the British steamship Atlantian has been torpedoed and sunk. There were no casualties, the report says. No data or place of the disaster is given. The ship was laden with munitions. The Atlantian carried a crew f 6 officers and men and sailed for Europe on May 28 on the last trip from this port. The Atlantian was a ship of 9399 tons gross register. SHELBURNE, N. S.. June 28. Twenty-four" members of the crew of the troop ship Dwlnsk. under charter to the American Government, which was torpedoed without warning by a Ger man submarine, June 18, reached here today aboard a Gloucester fishing schooner. The men, exhausted by exposure and lack nf frtrwl u- a r a n 4 i .. . i morning of June 26. after being adrift uajs. ana wnn only a day pro visions in stock. Philip Larballestler, of Liverpool, boatswain's mate, in charge of the life boat, said the presence of the U-boat was not known until a torpedo struck the port quarter of the ship. "We all got away safely." Larballes tler said, "but some of our boats had a narrow escape. as the submarine shelled the Dwlnsk while we were row ing away." NEW YORK. June 28. The landing of 24 survivors from the steamship Iwinsk at Shelburne, N. S., today, def initely accounts for all but two boat loads of the crew. The Dwlnsk was a troop ship return ing to the United States. She had do soldiers aboard.. -W. 8. B.BVV THE LIMIT B0LSHEVIKISAID TO FALL (Continued Frem First Psre. ) freeing and arming Germans taken prisonen by the Russians in the early part of the war. the German invaders have proceeded to carry out system atically and with Teutonic thorough ness their system of stripping the cc".ry of everything valuable, as was done in Belgium and Northern Trance. LONDON. June 28. According to un confirmed reports today the Bolshevik government in Moscow has been over thrown, says a dispatch to the Ex change Telegraph Company from Co penhagen. Leaders .Said to Have Fled. Nikolai Lenine. the Premier, and Leon Trotxky, the Minister of War are said to have fled to the Murrain Coast. Moscow, the Copenhagen report adds, has been captured by General Kornlloff, supported by German troops. Advices from the same sources as sert that Grand Duke Nicholas has been proclaimed Emperor. The Copenhagen newspapers, the agency dispatch adds, give prominence to a Berlin dispatch quoting the Tages Zeitung of that city saying it had re ceived a message from its Petrograd correspondent reading as follows: "It is believed here that the Bol shevik government will be soon over thrown and that Kerenky is the man of the future in Russia." Kaledlnes Said te Have Helped.' General Kaledines is said to have co operated with General Kornlloff in the capture of Moscow. The advices declare that the sup porters of Grand Duke Nicholas have overthrown the Soviets throughout the Siberian provinces of Irkutsk, Blag ovieschtchensk and Khabarovsk. The defeat of the Bolsheviki is said to have been made possible by the vic tories of the Czecho-Slovak forces and the treachery of the Red Guard. Sev eral detachments of the Red Guard are said to have murdered their offi cers and then surrendered. Sources of News German. The Exchange Telegraph Company publishes its message containing the reports of the Bolshevik overthrow and the accompanying details "with reserve." and points out that the in formation emanates mainly from Ger man sources and should be received with caution. LONDON. June 28. "Kerensky comes with the strongest credentials, first as the former leader of Russian Social ism who has learned by bitter experi ence the rocks and shoals that be strew its course, and second, as the authorized spokesman of the Socialist and non-Socialist parties of Russia." says the former Times correspondent in Petrograd. who is now in London. He continues' Arms and Snpalies Be Sonant. "Kerensky has wisely resolved to confine himself to propagating the lessons of Russian revolution among the allies. His mission is intended as an appeal to the allies for aid in the only form it can take arms and sup plies to enable his countrymen to drive out the Germans and rejoin the fight against the enemies of freedom. "He Insists first of all that all the allies take a hand in this task. Russia, he says, does not want to choose be tween Germany and any other country. She wants to be free but cannot achieve freedom under the Bolsheviki." WASHINGTON. June 28. Plans of the American Government for aiding Russia in rehabilitating herself, which became known today, revealed that the first step contemplated is Informal as sistance through American business and Industrial leaders and disposed of widely-published reports that a diplo matic or political mission would be the means of carrying out President Wil son's promise to stand back of Russia. The personnel of a group of men who will carry expert advice and material aid is being discussed. Ample police protection is expected, but show of military force will be avoided. Officials were reluctant to discuss this phase of the situation, realizing that Germany would seize upon it as a means of distorting the in tentions of 'the United States. For that reason it is likely that full details of the assistance to be prof fered will not be disclosed until after the Germans learn of them by finding the plans actually in effect. United States Consuls in Russia will give active assistance in the work of reconstruction and to this extent only will the aid have an official aspect. Today's news dispatches made no change In the plans already formulated. Internal disturbances were thought to accentuate the need of injecting a steadying influence into the situation and officials said they proposed to go ahead on the lines laid down. V THE RENGO BELT Reducing Corsets insure grace of form and freedom of every movement. There are models with and without steelastic webbing to provide positive and extra firm support, or an elastic freedom for the more active woman. But all Rengo Belt models embody the fundamental Rengo Belt feature of super-strength and 'ab dominal support. 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