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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 30, 1918)
10 THE MOnXIXG OREGOXIAN. SATURDAY, MARCH 30, 1918. (Drernminw Citrwroef at rwt i4 ftr-oa) Tvmottlem 4-lata) irukil mti-r rY. Pnn4T W'luaM. on rr . . f "' t. Kiir mru-t. moafh t .'. S"tiet.jr lr-la1i. thr mom I'.'. Pufliv ln-r,-. montb. 1 ,:r, irAa Xu.Ut. ... I-m.. inot Pus 1T. tnnt . r itAii itis4y.M moCA. v. it 'v. rr M4f. MT-ar davj Uil inIIt . In; i.t. t-lut-tl. on mrntlh. Ki r hMt juni v. yr. . .. hi t, vitiaut X iS'ltf. thr mnnth vttii u&dr. mum omaib.. it - iMtfftM mor kmk. Kimpv (mi mr arrcT t iutn cevnty a1 MAtt. fwiac Rabat 1 J to 1 , 1 . 1 t- J ., J casta. 34 1 4 pr. u; lV- ( pwA 4 ra(ji: - to ? , wb. rt.. rin Office Vrr A CMk . .1 .. . tork In an Eastern port a month tto was the first Intimation to many persons of the critical nature of the situation. Whether we shall And enough wool for both civilian and Army needs la a much-Involved ques tion. The answer depends partly upon our success In obtaining ships. It Is also tied up with the movement to Increase production on the farms. It 1 1 realized that the ranee Industry has about reached Its limit. Sheep pro duction on the gigantic scale prevail ing a few years ago la declining gen erally. , . The folks at home may be forced to dresa la cotton and linen and other fabrics before the war la over. Poubt la they will find a way. If necessary Hut one cannot contemplate with equanimity, the coming of the day j when we shall not be able to keep our Army supplied. Men In the trenches need the comfort and the protection that only wool can give. And we have no guarantee that our ultimate Army will be limited to X.fOO.OOO men. formerly employed in building is avail able. War traffic will expand indefinitely. and normal traffic must be kept mov ing also.- or business will shrink, and with It the surplus Income of the people which must finance the war. The waterways give opportunity for Indefinite expansion of traffic and con crete craft to ply on them can be built without Interfering with neces sary Industries. A CII4T JOKE. The levity which has greeted the ..d rr. .mrM.t eiii Indiscretion of the Jurora who drank McuBta or TBI Aoci.rri rB. I in a a w for r-pit Vc-.t. mil t-r-i to l hmi, a4 mum ia mmm A l nrt. nxtmihi mt nirlil Us- rORTtD. tTI(DI, VAaTR as. 11. the rat-iir?iT amo jiooiit, i rrt"tdent W!!oo ak Governor Stephens, of California, to extend ex ecntlve rlcmenry to Thomas ilooney. rontlcted murderer. It has not yet teen diM-Ioacd Jujit what Is meant by executive clemency" In this particu lar caso. If the iTestdcnt has solicited an outright pardon, the Governor of California may well hesitate, even thouch the Intercenaor for Mooney Is tie aurut presence In the White House. If It Is commutation of sen tence. It may be easier to accede, even thouch the crime of Mooney waa In famous and his guilt proven. There mar. Indee-L be reaaona of rtate. la a period of war. when It I Important to consider the wtshc. and even the prejudice, of certain classes and certain peoples. But there can Deter be an excuse for the public con donation of assassination, for the do lug of Justice la a foundation prin ciple of free government. We do not assume, of course, that Ireident Wilson seeks to find a way by which Mooney shall escape the consequence of his crimes. We must assume. If be would have Mooney go entirely free, that he believes in bis Inno cence. We must assume also that If he desires merely that the punishment be lightened he haa deemed It wl. part of the evidence In a bootlegging la Indicative of a sentiment which haa a wider prevalence than It should. That sentiment makes enforcement of the law more difficult. The Impression Is rather common that bootlegging la a crime only when one la caught at It. The otherwise law-abiding citlxen who succeeds In bringing home a suitcase full of liquor from altfornla without being detected chuckles over It among the friends he ran trust. It I nothing to be ashamed of In his or their eyes. It Is entirely different from picking pocket, though Just aa unlawful The Jurors assert that the verdict was not affected by their imbibing, because It was decided on before they Imbibed; yet It appears that they drank In order to be sure that the evl denre offered waa brandy. The eon tradlrtlon makes clear enough that the Jurors drank the liquor because they wanted It. and thought they could get away with It In aafety. As already said. It Is the popular attitude. let some party Prohibitionist Is continually coming forward with the argument that prohibition cannot be successfully enforced unless Judges, sheriffs, prosecutors and other elected officers become party Prohibitionists. What party Prohlbitionlsta In office could do against the reflection In Juries of that public sentiment which makes light of the law Is by no means clear. NtrtMAST IIOMB BriLDIXC Secretary MeAdoo's elaboration of to yield to the friends and partisans orlclnaJ ,utement regarding the of Mooney. It Is not forgotten that building of homes while the war con- IK. r.-knnaw fpl.l n . 1 It. iniv.rrlirl of Justice, so-calied. was an Issue In Unu ' of to win the ap- Itusst. In some fashion, the Ilolshe- Provai or lumnermen. aitnougn it can- vikl had been persuaded that a guilt-I not be construed as warranting expec Um brother was being railroaded foliations of a "building boom." The the gallows by the "capitalistic power" Hecretary makes It plain that he does of autocratic America, using the ma-1 not desire to restrict necessary con rhlnery of the courts to that base end. Just how far the Mooney propaganda bad penetrated the mind and obsessed the thoughts of revolutionist. th and elsewhere, ran only be conjec tured. It Is likely enough that the t ruction. Where It I a question of building a new home simply because It would afford greater comfort." he says, "the operation should not be undertaken." Hut where It 1 a question of need, or President of the I nlted Stales knows I where It Is desirable that sanitary con diliona be Improved, or where without new construction other operations es sential to the welfare of the people would suffer, there Is no doubt that the work should be undertaken. The purely speculative builder will find no comfort In the revised state ment, but there will be no restriction upon operations made advisable, for example, by new demands for housing war workers. There Is no demand that property owner shall auspend all building. Necessary Improvements on farm are clearly not within the more than others about It. f'.ut another phase of the Mooney aotacion. so far aa It Involve the Whit House. Is a little more dts(uiet- Inr. A mediation committee, appointed La.it Kail to surrey ibe labor situation on the Pacific Coast, was also com missioned to took into the Mooney rase. The performances of this par ticular committee, la more thaa one Investigation and hearing, were not such as to Justify confidence either In Its impartiality, or thoroughness, or competence. It contributed little CHOOSE THE LESSEX EVIL. Exposure by Senator Overman of tampering with aircraft, which de layed for two months the sending of American airplanes to the front, is a most conclusive reason for ending the extreme leniency with which alien enemlee are treated. The proposition la very simple: Shall the United States deprive the German subjects within our borders of freedom, or shall it run serious risk of defeat out of con sideration for them? It Is a choice of evils, but undoubtedly the risk of de feat In a death struggle with Prus sian barbarism Is ths greater. The L'nlted States la not even Justi fied In running the smaller risk that the allies will lose a battle by delay In the appearance of our armies at the front In full force or by defects In our weapons. As between the life of a single American or allied soldier and the liberty of all the enemy aliens In the United States for the duration of the war. there should be no hesitation In making a decision. Better Intern all German subjects than lose one soldier of liberty. The most dangerous enemies are not those who exult openly at German success: they are the men who keep a still tongue and an apparently correct de meanor In order that they may more successfully make war on us by stealth. TTTE BATTLE AND IT BESTXTS. When news began to come that the British were being driven back by a seemingly resistless German attack along a fifty-mile front In France, the first feeling which naturally pre vailed among the American people was dismay. There seemed to be im minent danger that the British line would be pierced or would be cut off from the French, that the Germans would drive the British back to the coast and would reach the western Channel ports, while doubling up the French army toward the eastern fron tier and enveloping It, and that the Germans would reach Paris. Reports that the British were at many points outnumbered as much as eight to one by the Germans with whom they were engaged caused surprise among the many who thought that the allies had age and Inferior troop strength while stretching that Its elasticity is not exhausted. Losses have been compensated by the French who have taken over the line south of St. Quentin. and by bringing In re serves from the Immediate rear. By their advance the Germans have made a great bulge in their front which is more vulnerable than that which existed before the Somme bat tie. It extends farther west and has been narrowed by the last year's gains of the British from Arras north ward and of the French between the A lane and Aillette rivers and along the Chemin des Dames. The former line was much stronger, both because the bulge was broader at its base and because It had been fortified for two years, so that eight months constant hammering along the Somme was needed to force a German retreat. The new salient Is much weaker, both because it Is narrower and deeper and because the ground is so newly occupied that the Germans have had no opportunity to fortify tt strongly. The sharp point to which it runs near Montdidier Is in danger of being cut off by the French counter attack west of Lassigny from the south. The new German offensive near Arras seems designed to broaden the salient on the north. From statements that the battle Is being fought by fresh troops brought direct from Germany, It is inferred that the great force which the Ger mans massed in Belgium has been left j Intact. Von Hindenburg may have planned, after throwing back the British right toward the Channel and after having caused Haig to draw troops from Belgium for reinforce ment of his right, to make a new drive between Arras and Ypres for Calais and Dunkirk. But the British hold so firmly east of Arras and Amiens that his first plan appears to have been foiled, and he may be com pelled to draw men from his own Bel gian front In order to hold bis gains from the British and against French counter attacks from the south. It Is well understood that the allies have pooled large forces in a reserve army which has been placed at the disposal of the Supreme War Council. We may expect that, when the Ger man drive has lost its momentum and has come to a halt, as it seems near doing, this fresh army will be thrown against the enemy, either on the flanks of the new front or at some other point where it is least ex pected. When that happens, the last German offensive In the west should be over. The Kaiser will have used up his best troops and will have suf fered losses which are already esti mated as high as 400,000 men. He will have little beyond merely aver- men in their xecessitt coxfroxts dairymen iBdnstry Meaaeew by False Idea That Mils: Prodweer Are Profiteering;. 8CAPPOOSE, Or., March 28. (To the editor.) The dairy business is a billion-dollar business. Milk is an abso lute necesseity. The public has fought every raise In the price of milk since It sold for 5 cents per quart. The pub lic has stood the raise of every other food product with nothing more than a sigh, but when the price of milk is raised they put up a big howl on sus picion alone and not because it costs them a few ?ents more per hundred VICTORY FORESEE BY GEX. GREEN Commaader at Camp Lwl Is En thused by What He Saw la France. HEADQUARTERS 91ST DIVISION. Camp Lewis, American Lake, Wash., March 27. To the Editor.) It has reached my ears that stories are being circulated in Portland and vicinity that I returned to my command here from my tour of observation in Europe in a very discouraged and pessimistic irarae or mind; that I have told mem bers of my command that the allies cause is hopeless; that it will be im- In Other Days. possibles to feed and sudoIv even S00.- nAn.j. m 1 1 1, -,. . .n . : vuv miiciiuitii sojuitsrs over mere; inai month but Wa'oSI .h. i f ,.? ?h"P!.'1 " t P oer there again; ri J iJ?"" th' think there isthat I had communicated this despond- crooked deal somewhere. The state food administrations In several states have Investigated the milk-producing business and without a single exception have agreed .that producers were Just in their demand and they have .granted them a raise in price, all of which should be sutli cient evidence that the price is fair and that It was no profiteering. Milk has ncreasea in price only about Z5 Der cent ana mis in spite of the Increased cost of labor, mill feed, hay, fuel, taxes equipment and everything that goes into the production ot milk. The public protest- of the Increased cost of milk has cut consumption ma terially. If the dairymen are to re ceive the cost of production for their milk, and every producer has a Just right to this price, the public must pay more for milk. In order to keep the producer In the business he must re ceive the cost of production and should make a reasonable dividend on his in vestment, and unless this Is broueht about ths Industry cannot long endure. Milk is the one food we can't do with out. We can produce plenty of au thoritative evidence that it has a high er food value than any other food product of comporatlve cost. .Kxperts tell us that milk is not expensive at 16 cents per quart; instead, it is eco nomical. It is the one food which Is produced 365 days in the year and which could be used more freely with out depriving our Army and allies of food consider that carefully. If we do not encourage the pro ducers the time is coming when we will not have a sufficient supply of milk, and the question will not be what price we shall pay for milk, but where can we get It. Women pay fi more now for a pair of shoes, but a few cents more for milk is protested simply be cause they think somebody is grafting. The very life blood of our country's I agricultural wealth depends upon dat rying, because, it is the only source of Income on our farm which does not suck fertility out of the soil. It is high time that the people in general see the vital necessity of this valuable food product and that it be accorded the same fair consideration that other food have. POMEP.OY & SON. ent feeling to the 91st Division and that as a consequence It had lost in terest and many of the officers were resigning. Nothing could be farther from the truth. I return from Europe will full confidence in the ultimate victory of the allied forces, a confidence not shaken by the recent temporary suc cess of the Oermans. That confidence was Inspired not only by what I saw of the numbers, organization and equipment of the forces, but the very evident high morale and confidence of rank and file. In the few talks made since my return, and in interviews with representatives of the press, I have endeavored to communicate my feeling of confidence to the people of this section. Instead of being reluctant to return to the theater of war with my divi sion, it is a matter of regret that con ditions will not permit us to go at once. There is no lessening of inter est on the part of the men; quite the contrary. Only yesterday as 1 was overseeing a military exercise, one of the foreign officers attached to the division enthusiastically volunteered a comment upon the tremendous inter est and zeal of the men. The whole story as It comes to my ear Is a tissue oi lies ana is fru only for one purpose. It is another il lustration of pro-German activity. If von will elve this statement oi mine due publicity it will go far to counteract the evil influence oi me slanderous fabrications and If you will go further ana utilize ine " erieed nower of vour paper in searching out the source of the lies, you will be doing a patriotic duty for which the gratitude of the country will be your Just due. xi. Malor-uenerai. in. a., FILM IS TRAVESTY ON HISTORY Twenty-five Years Ago. .From The Oregonlan. March 80, ISsS. Canton, O. Governor McKinley oc cupied the Sf&t of honor last night at the great Republican tariff banquet given here, at which 400 were present. After serving as pastor of the Al bina Presbyterian Church for 10 years. Rev. W. O. Forbes has resigned to ac cept a pastorate elsewhere. E. H. Sothern will appear at the Marquam Grand Theater Monday night. John Collins, who has resided in East Portland almost ever since there was a house there, is at Long Beach, re covering from an illness. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonlan, March 30, 1868. Washington. The President has is sued an order, throuph General Grant, assigning General Hancock to the De partment of the Atlantic County Judge Marquam yesterday disposed of a batch of business con nected with various estates. The brig Brewster reached port yes terday. In tow of the steamer Couch, 11 days out from San Francisco. Latest word is that there will be no opposition steamship line between Portland and San Francisco this year. toward satisfactory pacltlration of I spirit of the restriction. labor trouble. It made a report on tie paper mill situation In the Pacific Nnbwt wblch waa Incorrect In Its statement of facts, unfair and preju dicial la purpose and spirit, and up warranted la It findings It was I brief for one side, and nothing else. Tb mediation commission. In It report to the President on Mooney. we obhged to say that there was no flaw la the record: and It was also d'Clargd that the ftupreme Court In It decision merely passed upon the law and not upon the facta. This latter assertion I not true. The court reviewed the law and the evi dence. -It fount that the procedure In the trial was without error, and. dis cussing elaborately the facts, said A t that thlm cirt avar l I tfermln 4 any sM t I h vruf. and cmoc ia Mut uiat ll I T support!. The Mooner defense waa an alibi wholly aa alibi, and naught else. The min or woman accused of crime who Is not abl to rhatlenge the prosecu tien on Its testimony, but who I driven to say that he did not commit te art and to support his contention merely by the offer of proof that he was not there, and. therefore, had no opportunity to commit It. I unfortu nate, to say the least In some rase net all. to be sure an alibi suggests unpleasantly certain Implications of pruhable ruilt Tb highest duty of the President 1 to protect the republic In war and In peace. If the reasons for his action in the Mooney caso have that basis as w auppoeo they base there ran be no criticism, Jto other motive-can Justify even a President for Interfering w:U the orderly prorosee of the law. t WOOL r twIXK MAS. Although tt U many years since the Vnited fttatr produced sufficient wool for it own need, and It long has been i importer of large quantities. It Is r"t realised by most person that pro duction ha steadily declined for ten year until It has reached the point w her all the wool grown in the United r-'te t barely suBiclent to equip and maintain an army of 3.Q03.et0 men. When our Army reaches that s.re. un I meanwhtl Import are great I v Improved, the civilian population will b- forced t employ other textile Tn Armv. Of course, must have it Cio'Mng and blanket. The figure show that In no year sine lT wa wool production as small In the United Ftate as It was In HI 4. the last year for which the estimate is available. We reached the enith of production In 10. with i:i.llf.ooD pounds. Kach year since then has shown a falling off by com parison with the preceding year. We p-txtuced only :M.4O.0v pounds In 1 1 1 4 This wool, when "scoured." weighed only llo.TSS.eae pound, or a Itttl than a pound and a third per capita. The country 1 the best-e-t"lppd country on the fare of the gob as to machinery for aoanufac ture of cloth and clothing, but It haa Keen relying Increasingly upon for eign land for it raw material. The action of General Goetbals ra commandeering certain Imported Impossibility of framing a hard and fast rule governing the duty of the patriotic cltixan la plain. "Everybody, sas the S?cretary, "should weigh conscientiously In his own mind whether It I his own comfort and convenience or the National welfare that moves him In his purpose." It will not be difficult for the aver are citizen to "weigh conscientiously In his own mind" the Issue presented Thl I as true of many other things aa It Is of projected building opera lions. The war may result In draw ing restrictions constantly tighter, bul the voluntary self-denial of citizens Is likely to count for a much as Gov. ernment regulations In the long run. COM CRETE CRAFT FOB WATERWAY While the Shipping Board awaits the result of the test of the concrete steamer Faith. Of S000 tons dead weight for deep-sea service, there Is no reason why It should delay the building of smaller vessels of the same material for coastwise servtre. or of barges and motorboet for Inland waterways. They have already been proved practicable by sis years' use. The Norwegian motorshlp Namsen fjord, of 400 ton, has made a round trip of 2000 milea across the North He, and numerous barge and lighters of the same material have been used on the iwnama Canal, on the Great Lakes and on European waterways. Icslgns have been prepared for ISO ton barge for the Frle Canal: for 1000-ton sea-going barges of nineteen feet draft: for coal barges of 250 to Joe tons for use on the Great Lakes nd the Erie Canal, and for barges of S00 and 1200 tons) at Vancouver. B. C. A Spanish company Is building t Barcelona the first of a number of ships of Io. 104 and 1000 tons each, and I providing a plant for the simul taneous construction of thirty vessels. som of 4000 tons. A German com pany with nearly f2.000.000 capital I preparing to build sea-going ships and 700-ton barges for the Danube River. While Director-General MeAdoo Is building 10.000 cars for the railroads. the Shipping Board might well build river boats and barges to carry equal tonnage on the waterways. The rail roads are already so crowded with traffic that they must have more tracks and terminal to carry add! tlonal car. The liver have little traffic by comparison, and have abun dant room for more without crowding. Concrete bargee can be built faster than those of wood or Meet, one firm offering to launch two ISO-ton barges a week three month after beginning work. They would divert no labor or material from steel or wooden ship building and they would us the lum ber produced In cutting ship timbers which now gluts the mills. They would be cheaper than other types, the estimate for a 2000-ton seagoing barge being 1(1 a ton against IJ0 to 112 for steel and $70 to $100 for wood. The Columbia and Willamette rivers have unequaled advantages for build ing concrete river craft as well aa ship, and they have heavy traffic. All tie material are a hand, anil labor superior numbers, and added to the alarm. From day tb day a new tremor of dread has been caused by reports that the Germans had "broken through" here or there. Cool study of what has happened shows that these fears and impres sions were unfounded and sprang from superficial knowledge. There is small doubt that when the battle be gan, the total German force on the western front was greater than that of the allies, both In number of men and number of guns. Mr. Macpher son. the British Under-Secretary for War. said on February 20 that th strength of the German army In th west was already far greater than a any period of the war and that though the allies were then superio In men and guns, the balance would soon be In favor of the enemy. Doubt less the Germans gained the super! orlty in the month preceding th battle. But superior numbers of men do not alone give the advantage; su potior quality of men and great su perloiity In artillery are also neces sary. Field Marshal Haig had these latter advantages last year and beat the Germans In every battle except the Ca rubral counter attack with only half as many, men as they had. The best German troops have been enor mously reduced in number by the constant fighting of nearly four years and are greatly outnumbered by the best British troops, who did not take the field in great force until the battle of the Homme twenty-one months ago. The British still hold supremacy In the air, as every day's reports prove. The Germans owe their ability to oppose such great odds to the British to the fact that they took the offen slve. Knowing where they would strike, they could mass great forces at that point Not' knowing where the attack would come, the allies of necessity distributed their forces with tolerable evenness all along the line, keeping a large strategic army In re serve, ready to assume a great coun ter-offensive at the right Juncture. Hence the ability of the Germans to throw enormous bodies of troops into action at selected points, and thereby to drive back the British. Initiative was forced upon the Oer mans by the general military and po litical situation and was yielded to them by the allies for strategic rea sons. The German people have Just come through a hard Winter of great privation and are passing through tbe worst food-months of the year, and must be fed on victories to sustain their nerve. Although the Germans now have the superiority In numbers. that advantage would soon have passed to the allies with the steady augmentation of the American Army In France, and Germany could not hope to regain It Practically the only chanco of winning the war this year lay in forcing a decision before the Americans arrived In force. ' While the Germans were more nu merous In both men and guns, the allies could not hope for decisive vic tory by taking the offensive, and could gain ground at all only at tbe cost of disproportionate loss. When ono army is not greatly superior to he other and yet takes the offensive. Its losses against a stubborn defense so far exceed those of the other army that the balance In Its favor soon dis appear. Circumstances drove the Germane to take this risk, and the allies were willing, being confident that though their line must draw bark. It would not break. Their plan seems to have been to permit the Germans to use up the best troops In a furious assault, to nflirt all the punishment possible on he enemy, tatdraw back when the pressure became so strong as to cre ate danger of a gap In their line, and hus to help the Qerman to lengthen heir front Into a wide aallent with newly-extended and therefore weak ines of communication. When driv en from a position the British took up a new one farther back and with drew on each aide In order to main- In an even, unbroken front, free from sharp angle which would be exposed to enfilading fire. The Ger mans have "broken through" at no point for they have always been con fronted by British or French forces, maintaining their organization and discipline and fighting doggedly. The Hied line does not break: It stretches. and so far has shown so much forties and fifties and boys in their teens to oppose the fresh bodies of young Americans In their twenties which will be pouring across the At lantic the same kind of men as com posed the new British army which first went into battle on the Somme and beat the Germans through eight grueling months. It was now or never with the Kaiser, and the relatively meager result of his much-heralded Spring offensive shows that it will be never. Postal employes cannot lawfully strike for higher wages, but they can resign to enlist In the Army or Navy or to work in shipyards or munition factories. In the one case they put patriotism In practice. In the other case they not only do that but get higher wages than Uncle Sam pays. The number of resignations was doubt less the real reason why Congress voted to Increase their pay. In con tradiction of the old saying that few public officials die and none resign, resignation from the civil service has become quite fashionable, and Post master-General Burleson has been forced to "loosen up," at the sacrifice of his dearly cherished surplus. HOME GUARD NEEDS MORE . MEN There Is good cause to credit the Spaniards' claim to have invented the long-range gun. though It may have been made at Krupps. The Germans' chief accomplishment is pirating the ideas of foreign Inventors, and then claiming the glory. John M. Scott's forecast of women to run trains has Just one discordant note about women in the cabs. Imagine a woman engineer powdering her nose before shutting off and ap plying the air In an impending col liston. Why waste sympathy on a man whose youth has been spent in refor matories and who breaks Into a pen! tentlary when attaining majority? The chances are he cannot reform, and being calloused, will not Everybody knew that General Wood was mentally sound. Now that he has been pronounced physically sound. he should be placed where his ability will do the most good, not returned to the back settlements. General Pershing's offer of the serv ices of his Army at any point where General Foch desires to use it er presses the sentiments of every sol dier In the Army. The boys yearn for action. That ship deal with Japan sounds ike good business. The United States upplles the steel, Japan the labor and they share the ships, which would otherwise not be built for at least a ear. Though the Colonel can hear with only one ear and see with only one eye, hls one tongue and one brain are still In 'good working order, as his speech at Portland. Me., proves. One Interurban system changes Its schedule tomorrow, not very much, but enough to discommode the man who goes somewhere once or twice a year on Sunday. Are we going to Berlin? Requests for photographs, maps and other mat ter pertaining to German highways have been made, and we must be going. , '- Each Compaij Requires 23 Recruits and Enlistments Are Urged. PORTLAND, March 2. (To the Edi tor.) Recently an order was issued to the various companies comprising the Mulnomah Home Guard, to recruit their numbers from 75 to 100 men; and after several appeals had been made to the members to secure recruits, many of them reported that the in variable reply of those whom they had solicited was: "No guard duty for me. or, "I have no desire to become a mem, ber of a mMitarv organization." And this, notwithstanding the fact that tbe eight companies, even though their equipment cost the county some $8000 or $9000, have demonstrated their worth and repaid 'the cost of their equipment over and over again by pro tectlng the millions of dollars' worth of shipyards and allied Industries which are so essential to the success of our country, and which constitutes the backbone of Portland's prosperity. In the opinion of the writer the Home Guard should be made up of 7000 or 8000 of our citizens, instead of 700 or 800 only, as at present The company to which the writer be longs is in need of some 25 recruits. It meets every Monday night St Mult- noman county Armory, from 8 to 10 o'clock, for two hours of healthful ex ercise and drill calculated to prepare men of draft age for service and to per mit older men to do their share at home. . All members are fully equipped with uniforms and guns without cost to them. If this statement of conditions finds the response from the patriotic -men of this community which it should, I am sure the officers and men of Company D. to which the writer is attached, would be very happy to receive their enlistment next Monday night. PRIVATE, CO. D. SAY I Say! isn't It a fact, my friend, that you go 'round each day With eyes turned straight ahead of you and glance that does not stray Above the second story of the build ings on the street. And that you wouldn't know the top of any that you meet? And that if you but tried to view the crest of greening trees You'd get a "crick" in twisted neck and strain your back and knees? Say! isn't it as true as truth that you don t see the sky A dozen times In all the year, and then with blinking eye You hurriedly look down again, to scenes so very old That every day looks klnd-a gray, and orten Klna-a cold 7 And don't the neighbors' houses get to looking seedy, too. Until yon wish to goodness they were ;i snored beyond tbe view? "Birth of a Nation" Fills Ignorant With False Idea of Reconstruction Period. PORTLAND. March 29. (To the Edi tor.) The lack or absence of a thor ouch knowledge of true American his tory Is the main cause of much of the "milk-and-water patriotism so notice able in many of our otherwise good vouns: American people today. Our school history v is too much abridged and is taught by teachers who are short on history themselves. This condition is noticeable to marked degree when listening to the comments of some of our young people, and others who ought to know better, in expressing their views after wit nessing the exhibition of that greatest falsity, tbe most misleading ana iia- erant distortion of history that was ever staged in America, the so-called "Birth of a ation." Every one of us who lived during those trying times In which these scenes depicted on the screen are sup posed to be laid, and every true student of history knows that the scenes shown In these films of negro uprising, and the horrible atrocities of the colored man during the reconstruction period, and of neeroes running around In United States uniforms with Govern ment arms In their hands committing crime at will, and without restraint, are rank falsehood and absurdity. It is a studied deception calculated to create a wrong impression, which it is certainly doinir. It is rather hard to understand how. at this late day, there should be those who thus delight in distorting and falsifying history, and seek to regen erate the ill feeling that once existed between sections, for the money there might be In it Where is their sense of shame? I hope the advent of this show will prove an incentive to those interested to study up their history a little. I have traveled in the Southern States considerable since the war and know the opinions of many of the best people 'there, and there are men now living in Portland who lived in the South during the war and after, who have pronounced this "Birth of a Na tion" a gigantic fake; a travesty on historic facts. Two states have barred out this show, and it seems that the City of Chicago can give Portland pointers on patriotism. T. it KBU.UUU. 270 Graham Avenue. Portland. Application for Grant Lands. NEWPORT, Or.. March 28. (To ths Editor.) Please give me Information concerning the item published in The Orejconian March 25 about land regis tration in Jackson and Josephine coun ties. Where's the Roseburg land aeency? Do we have to apply in per son or by mall? F. F. N. The Roseburg land office Is at Rose burg. Or. Applicants must first per sonally examine the land. Applica tions to enter must be sworn to before the register or receiver of the U. S. land office at Roseburg or before a U. S. commissioner or Judge or clerk of a court of record within the county in which the land is situated. After April 5 the Roseburg land office will have for distribution a pamphlet con taining the regulations and a list of the lands. Population of Skagway, SUMAS, Wash., March 27. (To the Editor.) (1) What is the population of Skagway, Alaska, by the 1910 census and at present?. (2) Is there a steamer, carrying pas sengers to that city, from the Colum bia River, and where can I get Infor mation as to sailing dates and fares? (3) Are there any passenger boats from the Columbia to Seattle? (4) About what is the annual rain fall in that vicinity? SUBSCRIBER. 1. In 1910 it was 872. It is now esti mated at 900. 2. There Is none. 8. There is none. 4. The average annual rainfall in South Eastern Alaska is about 90 inches. THE WOUNDED SOLDIER. The stars are gone; the night wind moans; I hear my comrades' sighs and groans; Amidst such woe and human strife Tis hard to know that "God is Life! Begone! I cry, thou phantom "Fear!" I'll not believe that death is near. see a face a Red Cross above. A star shines out. Ah, God is Love! MRS. D WIGHT EDWARDS. FREE SERVICE AND INFOR MATION. The Oregonian has established a bureau of information and serv ice at Washington City for the benefit of its readers. No charge is made for a reply to any ques tion relating to Governmental af fairs or for procuring any avail able Government publication. For reply Bend 2-cent stamp. Address Frederic J. H a s k 1 n, director Oregonian Information Bureau, Washington, D. C. Do NOT write to The Oregonian at Portland. that are Say! what's the matter, anyway, you are passing through. Unseeing half the beauties that scattered 'round for you? If you'd but. get the habit, now, of tilt - ing up your eyes. You'd see some wondrous paintings on the canvas of the skies; And 'twould be a revelation to the most of mortal men To read the dally stories that are writ by nature's pen! GRACE E. HALL. You've got to admire an alien enemy who tells the truth and Is interned. He could -JK out of it and have a chanco to do much mischief. In thesw' days a sound of revelry by night In German clubs should be the signal for closing them and in terning the revelers. Suppose the bread card comes, what of it? If it is In the line of sacrifice, that's the least patriotism some will show. A long-range forecast. for tomorrow Inclines toward fair and warmer. Take a chance with the new bonnet Be sure to set the clock ahead tonight. METHOD COMES FROM AUSTRALIA AU Womea There Now Kalt So-called Double Sock. PASADENA. Cat, March 25. (To the Editor.) I have read the letters in The Oregonian about the "double socks" and think tt might Interest others to know definitely who originated them. An Australian woman (who does not wisb to have her name published) last Autumn Invented the knitting of two socks at once (otherwise known as the double sock). At the time of this in vention the women of Australia were knitting 50.000 pairs of socks per month for the British soldiers. After learning the new method they in creased the number of pairs per month to 76.000. It was then made obligatory for tbe Australian women to use this method of knitting socks for the army. A native of Australia (Miss Brown by name) was sent to the United States to teach this method her. I have seen many pairs of socks knitted here by this method. Any person who wishes can procure the typewritten directions for knitting the double sock by send ing 25 cents to Mrs. W. H. Raymond, Hotel Raymond. Pasadena. Cal. The money is given the "free wool fund." MRS. HERSERKAU. Car Spoil Oratory. Washington (D. C.) Star. "These crowded streetcars are spoil ing by oratorical style." "How can that be?" "Every time I put my arm Into the air to make a gesture I paw around as If I were reaching for a strap." SONGS OF OUR SOLDIERS AND SAILORS IN The Sunday Oregonian AU wars have been singing wars. Wherever men congregate in military camps, wherever there is the fruit of daring to pluck, with life as the hazard, the old breed of Adam surges into eong. The songs of this war are at variance with those of others. They are light-hearted, gay, irresistible challenges to fate. But they 6ing the old songs as well. There is a page, whereon both old and new appear, in The Sunday Oregonian. EASTER IN THE CHURCHES In the Sunday issue appears a full page of announcements of the elaborate and impressive services that will be held in the city's many churches. Choir boys of Trinity Episcopal Church appear in photo reproduction. A special article relating to church music- Notes of the patriotic service of Port land's women, and pictures of the Red Cross Girls' Motor Squad will be found in Section 3. MEET THE NATION'S CHAMPION SHIPBUILDER Presenting Admiral Francis T. Bowles, assistant general manager of the Emergency Fleet Corporation, one-time cabin boy, who is fore most in the direction of the bridge of staunch ships that must span the Atlantic. Here is a good yarn, vital in interest, com pelling in its easy narrative style. YouH like the Admiral, as you appreciate his work. BATTLING THE HUN AMONG THE CLOUDS With a whirring roar of her polished blades the trim small battleplane glides from the field and mounts dizzily. Far above, her planes glistening in the sun-flood, she wheels, hesitates and darts away to the zone of shellfire. What desperate, thrilling adventure awaits her? Will she plunge behind, the German lines, flaming in defeat, or swoop home at dusk, victor over the Hun?. Read the personal annals of Archibald Johnston, who won the Croix de Guerre in service with the Lafayette Flying Corps of France. AN EVENING WITH THE POETS What punishment is meet for a certain Von Hindenburg? Well, they settled that little matter the other day on the Houseboat on the Styx, when William Shake speare jingled out a limerick. "Just let him live with that mug!" decreed the Bard of Avon. John Kendrick Bangs has a lot of fun with his renowned houseboat. Take a cruise with the "boys" in the Sunday issue. HOW I DREAM MY DRESSES Madame Lubowska is famed for the ravishing perfection of her gowns and dresses. She asserts that she "dreams" them that the designs come to her like the little gossamer fancies of slumberland. Perhaps one may but read Lubowska's very own story. AMONG US MORTALS Here are cards of invitation to "the bridge party." You are invited to attend with W. E. Hill, inimitable illustrator, who will bring back a full page of crayon drawings for The Sunday Oregonian. You don't have to go, really and the fun is all yours, that gay, tolerant good humor of the artist. TURN WHERE YOU WILL It doesn't matter, each page of The Sunday Oregonian is replete with interest. The gossip of the great world, crimsoned with the guns of war, the home town talk, the special hobbies of every member of the family all are rightly written and printed in THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN Just Five Cents.