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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 18, 1918)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY,. 3IAKCII 18, 1918. (Efo (Dmrimian fORTLAMiD. UKtOflX. l:aertd a? Partland (Orfoa) Postofflca as -oaS mail m..it-r. Ji4ucr;tiUM ra: ln'-r'..w:y la advance. iHr M-it. I r- "r. Stan-la ln-:ui'd. on year .... lii-. Sw-vday ln-:ude,l. i month .. s-tnrlaT Iff-Iurl-d. It.r-e frontb. l-'l-, ey-!.. ! ' ' .i-l."!. ene mnaia. . I.l v. f.4: .-i.-ariav. one year . . . . 1. it. wi-.h; -j-.iv. mon'hi T i' ho..t tf wi ijr. on rooato . . . :r. yr Pan'laT. on rr .................a feua-iajraaii -i!r T-'r. w-in-i Iru-:. ot ye .. ?: T. f iny ti.- u-1-d. m-f( a ..... Ji . ' . t It Hot- 4Un4a. M HI - I'ai y. v.rhigt Sarfl.1.. ftrre rr.ontaa . 1 !. . r. wicac -ait-.l. one nwn: a H.t ta, lu-a S-a-1 jt-je-'f fire !."- a-r. tsprria r je-on-: - an oor '-! l-.-. !UniPA -tx er rgfT-nrT are f1,,1" - rua .. p-ta--'ri--a ad-irt-ae la ful.. In-C-uH!n (mk:t en s:t. fMin m-i: l l far--), t -n: l li (.wo. r.a-a; -.1 l- -. a ca:. i -.a -W hi'a r.n-a a- I Pl-- .- T . p-a a c'ata. f. -. dua r--a. K..tee - OffWa Ven-e l a. Hmn .. )-. .N .'; A 4'f .. tM.t-a-r IWi tin mk in. IT . ..J An ... 4.21 t s rs .Ail . no hi. Trn- i- f M.rk- fonk- Verree Vrra . lr--tro.l ,.. K. J. Sea and Turkestan, though it has rail roads, would be so long as to be fraught with endless obstacles, and would end at the immense barrier of the Himalayas. No such enterprise would be undertaken while a powerful British army was striking at the vitals of Turkey. As a means of drawing off enemy troops from the main fields of opera tions in Kurope. the Asiatic campaigns of the British are a valuable contri bution to allied success. Being sup plied with troops and food mainly from India, they are not a serious drain on the allied resources, and they may yet be amply Justified by the elimination of Turkey as a hostile forre. Strt.: ---.n MtMBIR Of THK AslM lATfcD P:". It- en-.itr-d: Tie Hvm-.fr-t frees ia esr'na!- ... N rrH.-.t d it nr not otN-rwi r--i tm tTii" papaff, h4 h:.!!. !- o r-i a fr.iii anU alo tha lorai Ba roRTLIU. !. WtlMII I. ISI. AS INTI KN tTMIL NEVOKLIL D.W. A movement to H My 7 as an tuti rn-itn.nal memorial day "for those who shall te u surriUce to the cause of a world-wide demorrao" haa been onctnatrd by the !.tdierV and ISallors' Kath'rs" an.l Mothers' flubs of Bel linrham. Wasti and has Ix-t-n taken up In the Sm-tte by Senator I'oinde. t r. It is nrapoMii to inviie all drmo mlic r.j'lon to obrrv thai day. be cause "the assault bv tlermany upon the l.u.oitaniu. May T. 1I5. was the first real challenge of autocracy to tlie peace and security of the neutrals t.f the world as melt as a cowardly strnke at her enemies upon the ocean birh ays." The uii1:nn tiiat all democratic rations unite In the observance of one day as sacred to the memory of those who die-i for the cause in which they arc un.ted alii appeal to every true Amerli-au. The anniversary the Lusitania crime seems on first Impressions In be peculiarly appro prtate. fur bv that act Germany threw uflT all pretense of submisiaon to th restraints of humanity, and. in fart thoiich not In words, proclaimed th ptirpoee lo triumph hv brute forre Ail revocnise now. thouich many did nut revncnixe at the time, that sinc th.it date In ili the Tnited States h. teen in spirit at war with tier lii.mv. Many rejeret that we did nol a' that time lake up the rhallenKe, l-lievinc that. If we had. the destruc tion of I 'rusianism mtitht before now aluave been accomplished. But Americans are ItKhtinK In the runfident hope that the defeat of Cler ni.iny on which they have determinei will bnnc alMiut the oterthrow of uuitiH-rury In that country, and th addition of the carman people to the r-ill of demmratu- nations. we may . 'raonablv hoe tha one of ther first T'-T upon caiulnc thir freedom 1ll be to epicv4 their abhorrence for the i-itmrs hirh autocriic)' led or drov tlirm to commit. The universal le- air aill le to strenrthen the bonds ' whu h a ill be formed amonz nn lions. In. lu lm; lho.r whirh will have neat on their freedom, t bj.cranci of the srnlvrrarv of a crime ahli'h om p.itin rtnimiitl a hile under des- l.tlc rule mould trnd to krep alive a - ro..:-lon f rc.rninint ahirh all mill .thrn ahh to rtins;tii.-h. There mil - s: pthr and happier memories tc ken alive r bok fnrsurii to a day on ahicl S rrea'v a III be MCnd ctahllhlnK d- nimratic pearr lth the Oirnwr r ..ill-, pni.ini ipated from the brutal I! of the Kohenxollrt ns. ns a p.rtv en It. Itrn Ihev liae ome out of tir msiliirsi Into the licht of free ilnni. the tWman thrni!Hr mill re- with loath in e the ill of l-UM . .(.t'tlla. and It mijrht be belief to help ..t'lem to f"rfet II Not until the war -M ended, niit until Its passions hac i.l"d. v.-n a ai.-el rhiHw the fnt)i to ronimrniorate. tut. surely. .iiir rtrnt ahirh all tiaiion-i will niot "ti.h!r j.nr in remembering ailt ! i.i cndirc of II. HOIII V AS LOOCEKS, LI MBERJArKS. Krplaccment of male with female workers has cone 'so far In Great Britain that a Women's- Forestry Corps has been formed to Co the work of lojtKins; and saa-mllls which Is done in this country by husky lumberjacks. About 400 women have learned the business In school In the Forest of bran, and they now fell trees and saw them into pit props, trench poles, barbed wire poles, railroad ties and other shapes. They are the loyal Iaftlon of terser and Lumbermen of the old country, but are fdr more modestly paid than the member of that organi sation on the f'arllic Coast. The fell ers are guaranteed 1 a week, and at piece work earn from S3 to 2& shil lings, while the sawmill hands and scalers earn from 30 to 40 shillings a week. When women Invade such occupa tions as those of the lumberman, ma chinist and shipbuilder, there seems to be no limit to w hat women ran do. The petted doll of past generations has passed away, and In her place has come the woman who can do any thing a man can do, and does it. Man aatould not object, provided that in the transformation woman does not lose her distinctly feminine qualities and does not shun the duty of mother hood, which becomes doubly im portant when the flower of young manhood Is being cut down. carelessness of smokers second and matches fifth. The remedy for losses not caused by alien enemies is within the reach of everyone. It is education in indl vidua! responsibility. Parents must exercise more than usual care in keep ing matches beyond the reach of chil dren, and also in handling them them selves. Smokers, particularly of cigar ettes, should be ever on the watch. Scrupulous vigilance must be observed by all. Good Intentions are not enough. "Didn't know it was lighted" has cost the country a great many million dollars In the past few years. . i. , It ft RK r THK Hid Al. hrvuration of I kraine by Germauy an-t Au-trli and the pear treaty le- taren Kuo-la and Turkey add Impor- ) lo the British operations In "-sopotami.a and I'alestine. for the atmtr in I hw prottnres are the onlr J yrrnl oh-.tarle to the penetration of sa-raioi anl en'ral Asia by the enemy. t Vhile their armies are threatening to J:lam- Into the heart af Astatic Tur- lor v. the Turks and Germans may be t &pcttcd to be more Interested in lriv lie them put than in advancing east I ia.rd to m ike new roniue:!ts. Turkr ?i4kv send Irregular troop to overrun -jft n Armenia and mnssarra Its in li.abitan's in approved Turkish fashion, Isil the matn force released from that fiont i more likely to be diverted to J fispotaniia for the rrcovrrjr of !gt.id. and r.i.iy be reinforced by tGrrman?. ptvrticularty artillery and "a'n-raft. av ti.ntiirtanenus advance of (teneral .AUenby from Jrrusalem toward n'Sivia and of General Marshall up trie Cuphrates to Kit. 1"0 miles west c'Itar'id. succsts a p:in to combine i liirrra near Aleppo. The caravan S rout arroa the desert to Damascus J t-. perhaps, shorter, but would be beset mviri difficulties In procuring water for ! af Jarge force. Withdrawal of the Kusalarra from the war and presence 4 Turkish forVr In Armenia, and . I pper Mesopotamia, however, would r-j'iir Marshall to leave strong bodies of troops to protect his right flank t and his line of communications. J Probable reinforcement of (he Turks , may also have caused the Br.tish gov ' ernment to send m;iny more troops from India, that the Bug-lad army may continue its successful career. At Alep J the Brttish would hold the Bagdad railroad, and bv rapturing the neigb - boring port of Aleaandretta would ae- orure at sea, base from which the com .' bind army could be more easily rein- forced and supplied from Kurope. al ' though troops ami material would still J come mainly from India by the Tar- sian Gulf route. J The Turks and Germans might try ; to turn the attention of the British . from further invasion of Turkey by 'rokir; a direct threat against India, -ft the means of communication were prartaable. But the railroad through Northern Au Minor runs only as far as Angora, and thence they would have lo follow a long caravan route through the derts and mountains of Anitolia. Armenia and Persia. Af ghanistan, which maintain friendly aoirraliiy toward Great Britain, would S-and In Hie direct putli. The way acioee ikuttiera J;ussia. the Caspian THK ALMANAC PEAsOX. A Marion County farmer who Is about to encage In the solemn rite of planting onions according to the signs of the xodiac writes for advice. He says: I have four fllff-rent atmar.ara. namely. "Ur l. J4"im. " "Kaaleta-h'a." Ir. Miiea' and "Watktna'. Please aiate whit-fa "f these four a:n)3nata la aulhant.c. taa Walkln's almanac Ultfrrs from the r at. We have, perhaps, been derelict in not looking into this important ques tion bcfoie. but the safe process of de termining the reliability of an almanac is complicated. It involves the star of nativity of the author and the application of astrological rules to de termine whether he is trustworthy. Previous tests have Indicated -so in variably that almanac makers are fakers that we have become dis couraged. But why worry about almanacs? There b the Great Bermuda or Is it Burbank? system. But no matter. The system, whatever Its name, is to plant In llsht. friable soil, well stocked with organic matter and liberally fer tilized, ami thrn cultivate like sixty. If one will follow this system and plant when the sun rises east of the Willamette meridian he will get there just the same. TO HOItK OR TO J All- New Jersey has been added to th numler of states which propose discourage Idleness under the penall of the law. The genius of the New Jersey statute is found in the pro vision that nitre ability to support oneself is nol accepted ns an excuse for non-employment in some pioduc ttve occupation. It is not a vagrancy statute, but a war measure. Iiovernor Kdge in his proclamation calling for the enforcement of the law reveals bis grim earnestness. While the bill was pending in the la-uisla ure It was the butt of a good many jokes. The humorlls suggested tha the Idlers who took the air at Atlantic City In wheel chairs might be forced lo carry knitting In their laps to guard acaliu-l arrest. But tlie bovsmor takes the point from the joke by enunciating the plain principle that the selective rvice principle will govern. Men will Ik required to do men's work and to do It daily. "There are." says the Governor, "some kinds of work too severe for he 'society Idler." who may. however. be competent to handle tasks which would be Impossible for slackers of he hotio t)pe. Hound judgment must be employed In the experiment to rid he human hive of Its drones." So the State !epartmcnt of J-al-or tas been called upon to obtain the kind of work suitable for specific es. It is a tremendous admlnts- rallve task, but, perhaps, not a hope ess one. The experience of New ersey will be watched with especial nterest because it is the richest state hus far to I rv to enforce anti-loanng ectlatlon. The farms and industries f the country need more man power han is available to meet the extraor inarv demands for prodnctlon. and If New Jersey, as well as West Virginia nd Maryland, ran demonstrate that ho taw is workable, there is little oubt that their example will be fol owed by other states. GERMAN ESPIONAGE. Imminence of a sweeping change In the policy of the War Department In the publication of cusualty lists of the Lnited States Army in France calls again to attention the perfection of the German spy system in this country- Mere incidents in the day's news still find their way to German headquarters, where, by a process of matching and dovetailing, they are made to serve useful military ends. The instance cited in a recent dis patch from Washington is illuminat ing. The name of a village in France at which some of our men were quar tered was mentioned and escaped the censor. Notwithstanding that it was a relatively unimportant point, never before visited by German raiders, it was some time afterward subjected to bombardment three times from the r. There were civilian casualties. It was only the good fortune of our soldiers that they were not included among the slain. A secret service composed of a mil ion men working all the time would find it difficult, if not impossible, to shut off all communication of these spies with the mother country. They are resourceful and well organized. Their lines of communication ramify throughout all the neutral countries. They are adepts at all the necessary forms of camouflage. For example, it was disclosed at the National convention of the Ameri can Stamp Dealers' Association a few days ago that codes based upon the arrangement of postage stamps upon letters have been, Revised. The Navy Department discovered that letters had been sent to Central American countries, there to be remailed to neu tral countries in Europe, on which the denominations and the arrangement of the stamps had a special and im portant meaning. Our stamps, with their multitude of colors, engravings, denominations and other variations lend themselves to this scheme. This particular ruse has been de tected, but it is not safe to underesti mate the ingenuity of the enemy. Doubtless he has many other re sources. As to all information of pos sible military value. It is the duty of the citizen at home no less than the soldier abroad to pursue a policy of silence. Too much talking ma cost American lives. It will be a long time before all the spies have bee weeded out. building to 40 per cent of normal, and the same fact places great quantities of cement, sand and gravel or crushed rock at the shipbuilders' disposal. Re inforceing steel is of a kind not used in steel vessels, and the kind of lum ber which is used is a by-product of ship timbers. Most of the work can be done by unskilled labor, for only a few skilled men are required. A large addition to tonnage output would be made by drawing on untouched supplies of material and labor. The only known disadvantage of the concrete ship is that, on account of the thickness of its walls. Its cargo capacity will be less than that of the steel ship. This loss is estimated by Mr. Barney at 5 or 10 per cent. On the other hand, it will not be so heavy, and, having a smoother surface, will offer less resistance to water. It can be built in sixty days, or half the time consumed on a wooden hull, and costs not more than two-thirds as much as steel and even less than wood. It is, to quote Mr. Knappen, "rat-proof, rot proof, rust-proof and inimical to barnacles and other marine growths.' Bernard J. Ives, the leading marine engineer of Scotland,' says that "the upkeep of hull due to wear is consid erably less, while the life of ferro concrete ships is likely to be much longer than that of steel ships." An admirable opening exists on. the Columbia and Willamette rivers for building this new type of ship. Cement is manufactured here, and all other materials except steel are home prod ucts, close to deep water. No labor would be drawn from existing ship yards, for men who have drifted into other work from the stagnant build ing trades would be employed. A drive for concrete ships may fill the gap between the 6,000,000 tons of the 1918 programme and the maxi mum of 4.000,000 tons which is ac tually in prospect Success this year would prepare the way for an output of 10,000, 000 tons in 1919. which would carry' so great an Army as to overpower the Germans. riitr. w aste. The economic loss to the country In 1916. according to figures of the rtuarial bureau of the National Board f Fire I'nderwrlters. from fires classed s "strictly preventable." was S0.4.- 051. This was 211 per rent of the total fire loss of the country, f-08,- 0S.340. The loss by "partly prevent- ble" fires reached JS9.S06.I9S. or 47. per rent of th whole. The origin of the remaining fires wns unknown. but probably a large proportion of these also could have been prevented. In 1917, a large part of which was devoted to war preparations, in which we needed every pound of productive energy for war purposes, the fire loss grew in disquieting degree. The Council of National IWcnse estimates the loss for this year at IISO.OOO.OOO. in round figures. A large part of this increase was due to incendiaries, but these agents of destruction had also been active In the preceding years In their efforts to hamper production for the benefit of our allies. So far as the loss was due to the work of alien enemies, special meas ures of protection are called for, and these are being worked out. But there Is a significant passage In the underwriters' report. In which the caues of the preventable fires in one of the state New York are given In detail. First In the amount of de struction to which they led comes the careless , use of matches, cigarettes, cigar stumps, etc. Second in order ronie defective chimneys, furnace pipes ind flues. In the country as a whole defective chimneys cum first. IIOrE IN THE CONCRETE SHIP. launching of the concrete shi Faith at Kedwood City, Cal.. turn attention to a new opportunity fo quickly providing the great tonnage of ships which is necessary to throw the weight of the I'nlted States again Germany. Much depends on the sue cess of the Faith's trial trip, for It the first concrete vessel- of large size to be built for ocean traffic. Many vessels of small size, up to 300 ton deadweight, have been built for in land and coastwise waters, and hav succeeded. A 4 00-ton motor-boat ha been built in Norway, and has pro," successful after several severo orca trials. But the Faith's deadweigl tonnage is Bono, and it stiil rem:un to be proved whether concrete ve sels of such size can navigate the ocean. Several authorities on sliipbuildin agree in the opinion that the large. ocean-going concrete ship will win Morgan Barney, tho naval architect. after dismissing tho scheme, took up again and in co-operation with specialists in concrete and steel con strnrtlon designed a 9n00-ton rein forced concrete ship for tnins-Atlanti service. Nic K. Tongner. who ha built over twenty vessels of differen sizes and tvpes in Norway and who has come to America to build more. expresses the opinion' that "sc.igolng concrete ships can be built success. fully of sizes ranging between 3000 and 4000 tons.' but that it would bo folly for any one lo assert at pres ent that concrete ships cannot be bull as large as ships of other materials.' Professor Georgo Owen, of the Mas sachusetts Institute of Technolosy, is "enthusiastic about the possibilities of the future for the concrete vessel," for ho believes that, although it "will never replace tho steel ship, yet for certain services and under certain con ditions. she may prove more economi cal and durable. A. G. Monks, con suiting engineer for the Liberty Ship building Company, of Boston, which has a contract for several concrete ships for the Fleet Corporation, sees no reason why the concrete s-hip should not lie a success, thoiich he cannot express absolute confidence. ba cause "large concrete structures have never been subjected in actual practice to all the strains and stresses and peculiar combinations thereof that a ship must endure. The trial trips of the faith will give this "artual practice." Without await ing them, the Fleet Corporation has contracted with three companies to build experimental ships, each of a different type, sharing the risk of failure equally with them. One is to be of 3500 tons, and. If It stands the test, the builder is to hnve a contract for forty-nine others, probably of "500 ons each. One of the three com panies has made a provisional con- ract with Norwegians for six 8000-ton boats. Writing for the New York Tribune. Theodore M. Knappen urges that the leet Corporation should not await the result of these experiments, but that. on the principle that war itself is a gamble, it should gamble on the con crete ship to the amount of $500,000.- 000 by Immediately building five hun dred of S000 tons each. Though this is a big gamble, the United States is gambling twenty billion dollars a year on its ability to defeat Germany, and speed In building ships is one of the conditions of victory. If half a billion dollars be considered too large a sum to gamble on a vessel which has not et been tried on the open sea. he suggests that yards for construction of 100 concrete ships be constructed while tho experimental ships arc building. This would cost only $2.000.- 00 plus the cost of the sites, and if the ships should fall, the ways could be adapted to steel and wooden ships. This expansion of the programme is ot open to the objection which the hipping Board has raised to more contracts for steel and wooden ships hat skilled labor and material are not available. Iavbor has been thrown on the market by the reduction of The game conservationists' side1 of the food question is set forth by John B. Burnham in a recent issue of Du Pont's Magazine. Mr. Burnham says that good game laws are based upon a principle of frugality, seasons and hag limits being designed to permit the taking of the natural increase in such a manner as not to deplete the breeding stock and ultimately annihi late' the supply. It is denied that kill ing' all the game in a year or two would reduce the cost of living, and some interesting comparisons of do mestic and game animals are given. There are 180.000,000 cattle, sheep and hogs in the country, and about that number are killed annually, whil less than 100,000 game animals, chiefly deer, are killed annually, and any con siderable increase in this rate of kill ing would mean extinction. It is esti mated that, taking weight into con sideration, from five to ten thousan times as much meat is supplied by domestic as game animals. It is never tlieless important that game should not be wasted, and all that is killed under reasonable regulations should be made to take the place of beef, mutton, pork and poultry. About the time when Captain Amundsen gets into the remoto Arctic out of sound of the guns, some pesky aviator will fly over his ship and drop a newspaper, telling of the latest bat tie. No man con get away from thi war. This is the third time that Russi has deserted her allies in the course of a war. and the rule, "Three times and out," seems to apply. V hat contrast there is between the bi booby and the plucky littU- Belgium and hernia. 1 ney sun neiy me uuny Amundsen will not have wireless i his dash to the Polo this Summer, saving he tJoes not care to near rai news from home. He need not worry Anything after "July is bound to be good news, and beforo then, for tha matter. What a healthy Nation wo will be come by the end of the year, when w shall have eaten of ever thing; grown and manufactured! Fortunately fo them, most of the doctors will be 'over there." It is not much of a lawyer who would prey on beneficiaries of Amcii can soldiers killed abroad, and there will be less of him when the Govern ment gets through. Bather odd that a man of 44 should need the legal consent of his mother to many, and odder still that a man who needs a guardian should be al lowed to marry. The process of French veterinarians by which the bray is eliminated from the American mule over there is needed lor many two-legged kick ers at home. The only ceremony at noon today at Seattle's City Hall will be when li Gill knocks the ashes from that cob pipe on tho door swinging out ward. Governor Stephens, of California, made a remark about the I. W. W. which merits the earnest attention of Governor Alexander, of Idaho. That Beaverton starch factory- is to run twenty-four hours a day. and it cannot make too much of its product for Oregon buyers. A woman policeman In plain clothes an absurdity. "Plain," Indeed! Not while the menfolk wear brass buttons! The Huns found a number of war ships in the Black Sea, and the allies will see they do not get out. The man impelled to run from his ife with a butcher knife in her hand ought to keep on going. Just the right weather for the war garden. The too ambitious gardener cannot work In wet soil. There is material for a pretty ro mance In the mystery of Major White's steed. Looks like Portland's supremacy in shipbuilding will continue after the ar. There is little credit in .fighting a omau and no glory in defeating her. Secretary Baker now has some idea ow it feels to ride in the caboose. The Crown Prince is trying again at erdun, with his usual lurk. WOMEX OPPOSE POSTAL, INCREASE Decrease la Edaeatloa Feared as Result f Magaslae Zone Ratea, POftTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi tor.) Under the new war revenuo act of October -3, 1917, second-class postal rates are increased to such a point that the existence of a majority of periodi cals of National issue is gravely threat ened, with consequent jeopardy to American authors and illustrators. This law has been passed, but it does not go into effect until July 1; there is time for a vigorous fight and it should be kept up day and night to have this un just law repealed. Why should the country be split up into sections by the zone system of postage? Why should those living more than 150 miles from New York pay more for their reading matter than those living within that radius? The United States cannot afford to strangle this mighty influence of education. Professor Linn, of Chicago, puts it clearly when he says: You shut off the farm journals, as these proposed zona rates would shut them off. and you would decrease the productive power of the country by millions of dollars. Yiai shut off the trade journals, and you de crease the manufacturing power of this country by many more millions. You shut off auch Journals aa the Christian Herald and you shut off an agency that haa raised over four million dollars for charitable and religious organizations In ten years. You shut off auch periodicala as the Woman's Home Companion, and you shut off an agency that in the last few years haa senc elaborate, personal, expert, individual In structions to over three thousand women on the care of their children. You say these newspapers and maga zines would not be destroyed by the proposed new law. You know what would happen you know the prices would go up to subscribers and circu lation would narrow and just who would lose out? Why, just the people who must have the reading habit if this is to be a democratic Nation the small-town people, the country people. These publications are printed for the most part in large 'cities; the first zone, the cheapest zone, would be near Uiese cities. That would shut off edu cation just where most needed the rural districts, away from city advan tages. These districts depend to a large extent on newspapers and maga zines. Is our Postal Department losing so much money that such a tremendous increase in postal rates Is necessary? No, the Postal Department of the United States made a profit of over $9,000,000 in 1917. (These figures taken from reliable sources). Then why an increase of from 50 to 900 per cent the rates charged for mailing maga zines and papers? Much more could be said but enough surely to rouse every man and woman in the statu of Oregon to the necessity of action at once. The Oregon State w oman s Press Club has launched petition a vigorous, protest and urges every society and every institution, and every individual not represented by these societies, to co-operate by sign ing this petition. It will be presented to tnese societies and their co-opera tion solicited. Let us get busv. LUCIA FAXON ADDITOX, President of the State Woman's Press Club, Hotel Seward, Room 205. Ia Flanders Field. PORTLAND. March IB. (To the Kdltor.) Seeing by press dispatches that Lieuten ant-Colonel John D. McCrao has given up nis lite in the battle field In Klanders, we naturally turn with interest to his poem, published several months ago. which, like tVllan Seeger's "Kemlenvous With Death." is now more than usually attractive because of its semi-prophetic character. Dr. Mo Crae's song is herewith inclosed. S. D. Mar tin. In Flanders Field the poppies grow Among the crosses, row and row. They mark our graves. . While in the sky The larks, still gaily singing, fly Unheard above the guns below. Where popples mid white crosses blow. In Jr landers Field. We are the dead. But yesterday We lived, and lovd. and blazed a way. We fought and sang, but now we lie Where Men of Freedom come to die. Among our crosses, row and row. Brave poppies volunteer to grow- In Flanders Field! Take up our -quarrel with the foe! To you. from failing hands, we throw The Torch of Fredom: bear it high! If you break faith with us who die We .-diall not sleep, though poppies blow Among our crosses, row and row. In Flanders Field! are Tramp, Tramp. Tramp. Thad Way. Tramp, tramp, tramp, the boys marching: The Kaiser wants to rule on every shore. But with Freedom's mighty sword We will soak him oil the gourd. Aud you 11 never hear of illiam any more. In the trcuch tiyiiidit we sit thinking L-ioerty 01 you And of Fredom s star that on us shines: ' With the courage that you lend We'll lick the Germans in the end: We'll sink the Kaiser In tho waters of the Rhine. Tramp, tramp, tramp, the boys are marching: The Kaiser's almost at the door. But with "tank" and air machine We will biff him on the bean. And there'll never be a Kaiser more. QUICK GROWTH 1U SHORT LIFE How Pioneer Erected Building ia Day, Only to Have It Demolished at Oaee. PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Ed itor.) Several days ago Simon Harris had-a communication In The Oregonian in regard to a building which George W. Vaughn erected on the northeast corner of Front and Morrison streets in 1859. The facts as related by Mr. Harris are substantially correct, except that the year was I860. A full account will be found In The Oregonian, March 24. 1860. The land involved was lots 3 and 4, block 77, where the old Esmond Hotel stood. The city of Portland claimed it as part of the Willamette River levee dedicated by F. W. Petty- grove and ratified by Daniel H. Lowns- daie. aught) claimed it by convey ance from Lownsdale. During the Fall and Winter of 1S59 Vaughn built a wharf on the property and was preparing to erect a building upon the wharf when the city sat up and took notice. On March 20, I860, the city instructed Its marshal, by ordi nance of the Council, to remove all ob structions from the property upon giv ing 24 hours' notice. The following day Mr. Vaughn hired a large force of men and before night had put up a building 50x20 feet. Vaughn paid no attention to the city marshal and de fiantly tore up the certified copy of the ordinance which had been served upon him. On Thursday morning, March 23, the marshal and his deputies began demol ishing the Vaughn structure, when they were arrested by the Sheriff upon a warrant issued by the City Recorder at the instance of Vaughn. At the hearing before the Recorder the mar shal was acquitted, whereupon a large body of citizens, headed by Mayor Me Cormick, preceded to Front and Morri son streets and demolished Vaughn's building and wharf and scattered the materials. The newspaper account saysi tnere was "intense violence, but no personal conflict." Mr. Vaughn nursed his grievance for two years and in February, 1862, sued the city for $17,275 damages on account of the acts of tne city and its officials. The case was tried in the state Circuit Court in this county in February. 1863. and Vaughn was given a judgment for sivoo. Vaughn was elected Mayor in 1855, defeating A. M. Starr, 166 to 65. In 185S he and Starr were strain candi dates, ana this time Starr won, 312 to 148. HENRY E. REED. In Other Days. Twenty-five Yeai"s Azo. From The Oregonian, March IS. lSOS. Washington. The row between Cleve land and the Democratic Stnate Is al ready on. Cleveland did not notify the Senate of any appoint: . ,ts and the Senate adjourned wit!.', paying any attention to nominalio Pittsburg. Delegates of ministers and laymen, prohibit'onists principally, met here to formulate a new National party. Salem. According to reports receive by Secretary Irvine, the work of col lecting Oregon's exhibit for the World's Columbian Exposition is progressing well. The City Auditor yesterday received many requests for the new city charter and supplied a good many copies of it to callers at his office. The city's street-cleaning forces were augmented yesterday by the arrival of a newsweeper. WISHES ARE ONLY FOR JVAR'S EXD Soldier's Mother Woald Rather Be Doves of Peace Than Bullets In Gun. SHERIDAX. Or., March 15. (To the Editor.) I, too, am wondering if I will ever get over wondering what my boy In olive drab would think of his mother should she wish some of the wishes that have been wished. I think a blush of shame would mantle his cheek. He was one of the very first to go when his country called, and I. his mother, who loved him more than life, bade him go and follow Old Glory wherever it led. not with hatred in his heart, but with love toward all man kind, realizing that the duty he had to perform was one of grim necessity, a battle for the freedom of the world, the enemy included. When the Sammies go over the top, you may be very-sure that my brave laddie will be right there, for in his veins flows, rich and red, the blood of heroes who followed the starry- banner through the years of civil struggle. The mother of a noble boy somewhere in France I am wishing, too, that I were Xot a bullet sitting In a gun. But a billion doves of peace Whispering to the war-crazed Hun, As o'er the world I'd fly, Tis better far ini peace to live Than on battlefieMa to die. Praying in the worda of him. w horn a cruel peoples Blew, Oh! our Father in Heaven forgive, For they know not what they do." Now. who dares to question my loy alty or right to be heard? Trusting that the world may believe. though the girl of 20 has not the bless ings of sons, hers is the spirit of the true American mother, I sign myself. A.VOTHKR MOTHER OF A BOY IX OLIVE DRAB. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonian, March IS. 1SCS. The celebration of St. Patrick's day yesterday was a big success, although the weather was bad. Mayor Chapman has vetoed an ordi nance which was recently passed by tne council empowering the authorities to employ city prisoners on public street work. I. R. Moores has returned from Ore gon City, where he went 011 business connected with the right of way of the Oregon Central Railroad. East Sido line. The steamer Active ran afoul of a sr-ag in Salem Slough tho other day, stove a hole in her side, but was later repaired and is in service again. Let Me Live! my Wealth of Nations. BAKER, Or.. March 15. (To the Edi or.) Please state how the British Em pfre, including all its colonies, com merce. shipping, finance, etc.. compares aggregate wealth with the United States. J. P. II. The estimated wealth of the United tates is $187,739,071,090; of the' British Empire. 1130.000,000.000. Men la Shipyards. PORTLAND,' March 16. (To the Ed itor.) Kindly let me know if men of draft age and in Class 1-A are exempted from military service while employed by the Emergency Fleet Corporation. They are if engaged In the fitting or construction of ships. Batter aad Bread Desired. Boston Transcript. Would-be-contrib Can you use . a poem on "Our Daily Bread"? Editor (without looking up) No, what we want on our daily bread is butter. Difficulty In the Family. Louisville Courier-Journal. Xo one understands me." That's not to be wondered at, girlie. bur mother was a telephone girl be fore she married, and your father was train announcer. I do not wish to die! nor Is it fear alone That sets my soul a-shuddering at thought of tomb and stone; Xor yet the fearful darkness-, the awful, silent place, Where I shall be forever free, and leave 011 life no trace. I do not wish to die! a thousand voices call; My hopes and dreams. ambitions, schemes I love them one and all. The good .1 planned, the needed help I always meant to give, Arise and bid me not to die, but rather strive to live! I do not wish to die! for death is drear and cold: Our aspirations and desires for right, time shall unfold: And all the good in all the world I long to see set free; Awd all the fears and all the tears be soothed eternally. I shall not really die! This earthly form of mine May go the way of common clay; my light may cease to shine; But influence, a living thing, I'll leave behind me here. A spirit guide to walk beside the ones I held mast dear! GRACE E. HALL. The Guard. (The author of the following poem, which lias attracted wide attention, is Joseph Edmund Eaton, an Oregon boy and former student at O. A. C. He is now with the aviation branch in France.) Oh, it's guard, guard, o'er the earth so hard. Through the night wind's fitful blast. Where the hollow tread, on the frozen dead. Makes ghostly shadows pass. It's guard, guard, where the shadows fall. And the light plays o'er the plain: And I breathe too deep to keep from sleep. And make the round again. In ghastly shapes against the sky The white trunks stand like tombs. While cold and bright is the beacon light. And icicles hang to the moon. Oh, it's guard, guard, o'er the icy sward, And never a moment cease, With eyes alert for danger's start, And always the O. D's. My hands are numb, yet watch must keep. O'er the hangar's gift we bring. Where the eagles sleep, with ne'er a beat. Of their giant widespread wings. The wolf-dog's bay comes faint and far, Tho cock's unearthly cry Greets dawn, that rises gaunt and gray. And fades the morning star. A step now rings through chill night air, The frosty path I bar. Then say goodby, with a heartfelt sigh; 'Tis the corporal of the guard! , Where Dog Is Protection. ALBERSOX, Or., March 15. -(To (ho Editor.) In regard to the dos contro versy, of which so much is bring said just now. I realize that much damace is done by them. Still I must hold that a dog is positively indispensable, especially in the country where sheep run on the range and where the rabid coyotes are numerous. The Government ursres us to raise more sheep, and sheep cannot be herded in large bands on the rango without dogs. In a community like this, where coyotes are so numerous and a great many rabid ones, it is not safe to step out of the house- unless a dog is on guard outside. There is hardly a month passes in which a mad coyote does not visit a house in this vicinity and is usually attacked by the dog. Also coyotes and bobcats would slip around in the daytime and kill chick ens, as well as many sheep, without a dog to watch for them. My nearest neighbors hnve my con sent to kill my doc: at any time it visits their backyard without me. They live only 12 miles away. MRS. T. M. SEAWEARD. Enemy Aliens Nat Accepted. PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi tor.) My husband is ot Hungarian birth and has not yet become a citizen of the United States. He is of draft age; was called for examination, passed and was put in class 1. Do you think he will be called for military service? A READER. If he is a subject of Austria-Hun gary he is an enemy alien and should be placed in class 5. Local boards are strictly enjoined to exempt enemy aliens, even though they attempt to waive alienage. Unless you are mis taken in the facts the registrant should call the attention of his local board to section 79, note 4. and to the note fol lowing -section 101 In the selective service regulations. Eating Time Explained. Washington (D. C.) Star. Why do we have these meatless and heatless days" asked the selfish person. In order, .replied iiuss uayenne, that we may have a defeatless army." Yea. ASTORIA. Or.. March 15. (To the Ed- tor.) If a man who is classified in ass I A, because he was married since av 18. is drafted, will his wife receive pay from the Government the same as triers? --u es-mki tst.it. This is Seattle's "sic transit gloria" Monday. Lntheraa. WASCO. Or., March 13. (To the Editor.) Please advise me to which religious sect the Kaiser belongs. O, W. HULL. Marriage of Lincoln. SPRINGFIELD, Or., March 13. (To the Editor.) There has been an argu ment between us to to whether Lincoln was ever married. Our histories do not tell us. Please tell us when and where he was married and if he had any chil dren. ALICE REYNOLDS. Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd were wedded November 4, 1842. Four sons were born to them, but only one lived to maturity. The eldest, Robert Todd Lincoln, was Secretary of War In the administrations of Garfield and Arthur and is now chairman of the board of directors of the Pullman Com pany and officer and director In numer ous other large corporations. Itesmlar and Xational Armies. POKTLAXD, March 16. (To the Edi tor.) What is meant by the terms "reg ular Army" and "Xational Army"? What distinctions are made between en listed (volunteer) men and drafted men after acceptance into the Army? H. J. v The regular Army has been the nu cleus for all our military arrangements and was maintained in peace times on a small footing. It was greatly increased in numbers by the Xational defense act of June 3, 1916, and recruited by volun tary enlistments up to about 360,000 in Xoveraber, 1917. The National Army consists of those men recruited for military service under the selective draft law. There is no distinction in the treat ment of volunteers and selected men. Candy to Soldiers In France. RAIXIER, Or., March 15. (To the Ed itor.) I read in the editorial columns that you cannot send candy to France, and again where the women's associa tion of a certain town have sent a sup ply to the soldiers over there. Please tell me can you or can you not? M. B. Packages of candy to the weight of seven pounds per package may be sent to France. The postal authorities ad vise senders to eliminate soft candy which might be damaged. The kinds most suited to mailing long distances are. cake chocolate, caramels and other hard candy which will not dry out and harden. Fast Knitting. PORTLAXD, March 16. (To the Ed itor.) In The Morning Oregonian March 15 it is stated that the knitting cham-nionship-is claimed by Mrs. W. R. Ken nedy, who knits a garment in 7,.-v hours. I beg to correct that statement, as Miss Grace Fullerton, of Wallace. Idaho, working for the Ked Cross, makes a garment every six hours. A Ij I I-I'jA I."!'. 1 - Some Soldiers Want Farm Papers, MARE ISLAND, Cal., March 12. (To the "Editor.) As a farm boy in the service I would appreciate the favor if your publication would let it be known that there are those in the service who like to read the agricultural papers. But verv few of these reach us. In fact, I haven't seen mora than a half dozen farm papers in four months and a half. Most of the papers are divided among three or four publications, principally the Saturday Evening Post, Collier's, Leslie's and a few scattered publica tions. Practically the only agricultural journal seen is the Country Gentleman, an excellent paper, but there are not enough. Please pass the word. P. S. WHlTCOrtB. Work at iirnin Elevator. PORTLAXD, March 16. (To the Edi tor.) Kindly advise the proper i;ron or persons to consult regarding a fu ture position as accountant In conirve tion with the new municipal grain ele vator now being built at St. Johns. SUBSCRIBE si. Amilv to Commission of Publio Docks, J Stark-street municipal boatlanding.