THE MORXIXG OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1918.
5
BRITAIN'S MEN
WORK BEHIND LINES
Strength of Nation Not Alone
in Men, for Mates Toil in
Field and Factory.
LABOR SCORNS PACIFISTS
Girl nil Mm-11 With Deadly T. X.
T. Air Raids oo London and
.IX-adly l"-Boat Fall to
Break British .Morale.
WOMKX TAKR ACTIVE PART
IX WORLD WAR.
Mm. Rheta Child Porr. whoM
entertaining and Instructive let
ters on Knula. depleting condi
tion In PetroKrad after the over
throw of the Cur, were o greay
ly enjoyed by reader of The Ore
tnnlan. I now In England. Mrs.
Dorr's powers of observation and
description tra seldom surpassed.
The truth about EnicUnd 1 what
everybody In America Is waiting
to learn, and Mrs. Ixrr In a
series of articles, of which this
la the first, will give It to the
readers of The Oregonlan.
BT RHETA CHTLDE DORR.
LONDON (by MalL Just before ths
.uninr of the mighty and terrible
rma waltlna- for us In France, before
ar men take their places In the flaht
Inr line. I wanted to know more thai
lias been told na of actual conditions of
Ufa In the allied countries. It seemed
in me vital that we ahould know the
trarh about Enarland.
Had the C-boat campaign, mercilessly
carried on for a year, brought her to
the verge of starvation? Hart the
narandina air raiders terrorised the
gllh people and broken their mor
ale? Was labor nnrrsl In the lland
ainvlr farcins: a revolution? Was It
roeelble that the American Army might
ultimately have to shoulder the burden.
rot only of Russian defection but or
Krlttsh collapse r - well?
All these questions have been raised
In the t'ntted States. They are part of
the stork In trade of all the Socialist
nd pacifist orators. In every disloyal
newspaper we have read, not once but
often, that "capitalistic" England had
duped the Americana Into taking; over
task too rreat for exhausted Europe,
that of beating; the Invincible Germana.
Flaht BehlaeT Llaew.
I wanted to see for myself, and I
went to England. Since my arrival
I have traveled In England as far north
as Birmingham and Coventry. I have
crossed the Scottish border and have
aen something of the great Industries
f the Clyde. I have visited munitions
' works where 1S.0O0 women work In
day and night shifts making and filling
hell with deadly T. X. T. I have
pent several weeks In London.
I have been In an air raid, and have
aeen German bombs burled out of a
deep night sky. I heard English guns
roar the last word of the argument as
the baffled planes fled back across the
channel those that were left to flee.
After these week In England I feel
easier about our men In France. They
won't have to do any fighting except
their own.
What I have been witnessing Is In
fact a great battle, the last battle be
hind the trenches, the last desperate
struggle of the German foe to break
England's strength before the Amer
ican reinforcement can come up.
Laker Keanu Pari flats.
Wars may once have been fought ex
clusively In the battlefield. Today they
re fought In harvest fields and fac
tories, and In city atreets aa welL They
re fought by women and girls as much
as by men In arms. The passing of
woman suffrage measure by the English
House of Lords and thcAmertraa House
f Representatives, on the same day,
what waa that but an acknowledg
ment of these facts?
The Brit, is a a whole are fighting
this battle behind the lines as bravely,
a cheerfully, and aa untiringly as fh
British armies In the Held. They have
nemles In their ranks.
They have an Independent Labor
party of only lO.eOt members, bat It is
very Influential Socialist-pacifist
(roup, and It la doing everything It can
to Imbue the entire Labor movement
with a pacifist spirit. So far it has not
Succeeded.
Calsa radev Air Raid.
The London unierground during an
lr raid looks like Rivlngton street on
hot night In August.
This, for the most part. Is a foreign
born population. The native English take
their air raid differently. My first ex
perience with the bomber occurred on
rarely clear night In Iecember. There
waa a thin tittle alckle of a moon lying
n Ita back half way op the sky. and
even a few faint stars. It was a little
before T In the evening and the street
were full of people hurrying; home from
toll.
When the guna began to roar I put
on my coat and hat and made at once
for the street. The elevator was parked
with hotel guests settnr the ground
floor, but all face., were calm and un
perturbed. I walked first through the
lounge and drawing-rooms to observe
the effect of the heavy ard Increasing
ntl-aircrart gunfire. No effect at alL
The people were reading, writing or
talking; quietly as If no such thing as
an enemy airplane existed. I never
saw a lesa excited crowd of people. The
few besides myself who appeared In
the least Interested In event were some
young Canadian and New Zealand offi
cers Just arrived on leave from the
front.
The barrage was Intense, and brighter
than the moon or stars waa the burst
ing shrapnel against the gray sky. But
brighter still were those sky sentinels,
the searchlights, constantly- sweeping;
the heavens, plcklnt out the target.
The gunfire came from every direc
tion, and occasionally a shell pierced
the air In our Immediate neighborhood.
"ffbo-o-o' Who-o-o?" shrilled the
sneii. aa ir anxiously asking; the way.
t'hriatsaaa la Trade.
"When It sounds like that It's too
near for you to stand outside," advlaed
a nice Canadian boy with a Captain's
Insignia on his sleeve. So the next
time a shell rushed by with Its Irri
tated "Who-o-o? Who-o-o?" I docilely
went Indoor for few minutes.
The firing kept up for nearly two
hours, and we distinctly saw two
bomb drop In our quarter of the town.
Many more were dropped, and. as usual,
the victim were nearly all women and
children. The newspapers seldom re
veal where the damage occurs, but It
la sad fact that the worst havoc has
been wrought In crowded neighbor
hoods where many children swarm.
One of the most tragic of Christmas
parties this year waa given In the out
patients' department of an East End
hospital, the guests being children.
some of whom had been wounded, but
more whose nervea had been wrecked
by fright during air raids. .
There were cases of epilepsy devel
oped after bombs had fallen In narrow
streets. Some children looked little
better than Idiots. One such child, a
boy of perhaps 4 years, kept up con
stant low whining like frightened
animal.
" 'E never used to do that lydy."
apologized the little big sister who held
him In her arm a. But 'e's never
stopped It since the 'orrld noise blew
our ouse down."
saddest Fight at llasae.
There was a big Christmas tree with
lights and preaents and everything In
the world to eat, and Queen Alexandra
came to see It all. and for the moment
most of the children were excited and
happy. In time some of them will for
get their terror, but few, I waa told,
are likely to grow up normally robust
men and women.
These babes, and sometimes their
mothers, are the saddest casualtlea of
the war which England la fighting be
hind the lines.
It may not be entirely clear why
Germany deems the murder of women
and children a military advantage, but
the fart la that the air raids have a
real purpose. No matter where the
bombs fall, whether on Buckingham
Palace or East End rookeries, they
ooiige tne t-ngnsn to keep a large num
ber of fighting aeroplanes and fliers
at home, a large force of defending
soldiers within the kingdom.
Reprisals Set far Reveage.
Although thla was made plain from
the first. It was a long time before
public opinion would permit what are
known as reprisal bombings on Ger
man town. They were not reprisals in
the revenge sense at all.
The German towns have been bombed
In order to keep a number of German
planes and fliers away from Jhe battle
line. If the English diversify their
flights enough, they can simultaneously
bomb towns In different parts of the
German empire, they can. force the
Germans to keep a amall army of home
defenders away from the front.
The submarine policy of Germany Is
akin to that of the aeroplane oollrv.
f the Germane are as wise as thev
claim to be. they must know by this
time that England cannot be starved
by submarine blockade.
Germany Is doing everything: nns-
sible to divide and subdivide the coali
tion of nations against her. She has
completely succeeded in dividing the
eastern from the western oatlons. This
as far as she can go In the division
of allied countries apparently. The
next best thing Is dividing fighting
forces.
Best of all. from the German notnt
of view. Is dividing the people of a
nation, setting class against class,
brother against brother. German diplo
macy is working overtime on that Job,
even In England.
Nevertheless the British are hanging
together. They are muddling some
things. Thejs always do: but don't
overlook the fact, that they always
muddle through. I have often won
dered why the British had to muddle
at all. and now I think I begin to un
derstand why. '
SCOOTS PARADE TODAY
EXPERTS
TO BE
ON LABOR
BID
service and the
employment
Best Talent in Country Wil
Grapple With Urgent Eco
nomic Problems.
STRIKES TO BE AVERTED
CAMPAIGN FOR S.TO.OOO FtJKD
START NEXT WKKK.
Several Huadrea. Boys, Headed h-r Fife
axad Drwas Ceram. ta March
Dosvsiteww Streets.
fffi Save 9!c.
By Buying
Ever Reliable
CASCARA K QUININE
Ho adssece as pr for thl M-year-klftalt-IicsrM
tebtets Sane
cr-hi taoict aow 30c lot 21 tablets
fnd oai proportioaate rat per
aalin jo .w eitc whea yoa buy
H.U Care Cold
in 14 hoar
is days-
hark if it fails.
24 Tablets
TV.lWwr.
MOTHER CRAY'S
SWEET POWDERS
FOR CHILDREN.
A OartsralUiief foe Feverih sees.
Caafipautfe. Headache,
ii.aara Trsaslre. Teelklag
pleerdere. ac Deal re T
VVera... la-f Rrraa ts( alat
la M feunfl SI ..! Ima-a--' 3.it4.
Saaele availed l allCK Addfaaa,
Metkrr Orajr I av Le K. V
Adv.
"Every Scoot to Peed a Soldier,"
"Help the Scouts to Help Uncle Sam,"
"Every Scout to Save a Soldier" these
are soma of the slogans on the banners
which will be carried by the Portland
Boy Scouts, who will turn out between
the hours of 12 and 1 today and parade
on the principal business streets, start
ing at Salmon and Park streets. They
111 be headed by a fife and drum
corps.
The purpose la to call attention to the
Scouts and their work on account of
the ctmpalrn for a 130.000 maintenance
fund for three years, which is to be I
raised by Portland men Monday. Tues
day. Wednesday and Thursday of next
week. C C Colt Is general for the
campaign. The campaign managers
are Horace Mecklem and Cbarlea F.
Berg.
The 110.000 for 19IJ will be expended
as follows: Salaries for scout execu
tive, assistant and office clerk. I5J00:
rent. 7:0; office supplies, literature.
books and printing of magasine. J1060;
postage. 1200; telephone and telegraph.
Ii:i: car fare and traveling expenses
for field work. S200; charter fee of Na
tional Council: assessment for National
Council for extension work. 11000;
ramps and outings. 11000: scout mas
ters' training classes,' 1285; total. 110.-
000.
Portland has 12.500 Scouts, but there
are In the city 14.000 boys of Scout age.
between 12 and It. whom II Is desired
to enlist under the Scout banner.
WOODLAWN GRANGE MEETS
Members Enjoy Interesting Pro-
gramme and Fleet Delegates.
A varied and Interesting programme
was enjoyed by members of the Wood-
lawn Grange at their last meeting.
held In connection with a o'clock din
ner. Aa delegates to the State Grange,
which convenes In May, Mr. Ttnd Mrs
Eua-ene Palmer were named.
1'lsirict Judge W. N. Gatena opened I
the apeaklng programme with a dls-l
russlon of problems of the day. Mr.
Karsee discussed the Russian situation
in ita various pnssea. H. C lewis gavel
a practical demonstration and explana-l
tlon of methods of trimming and car
ing for fruit trees. Pleasing readings
were given by Miss Mildred Haas.
Deputy State Maater T. J. Kreuder. of I
the Lents Grange, and others talked
briefly of the grande and Ita work.
Early Conferences Planned for Pur
pose of , Bringing Employers
and Employes Together for
Period of the War.
WASHINGTON. Feb. 22. Experts on
labor questions from all parts of the
country, business men, labor leaders
and economists, have oeen drawn upon
by the Department of Labor to head
the new division created by the re
organization of the department for ef
fective war service.
Otto Eldlltz. New Tork architect, who
heads the section on housing and trans
portation of workers, is the only ap
pointee whose name has been .made
public
The other six probably, will be an
nounced tomorrow. They will admin
ister the adjustment service, the con
ditions of labor service, the section on
Information and education, the section
dealing with women In Industry, the
training
division.
Conferences between the members of
the board of representatives of capital
and labor, whlcn was appointed sev
eral days ago. will begin Monday at
the department in an effo t to outline
a basis to govern relations between em
ployers and workers during the war.
The conferences and the administra
tion of their decisions by the reorgan
ized department will be In effect the
first attempt to carry out a National
and definite labor policy in this coun
try.
The department plans a country-wide
system of adjustment boards to safe
guard the Nation from Industrial dis
putes.
With the new labor administration In
operation, the labor advisory board.
neaaed by John Lind and In which Dr.
Li. C. Marshall has been the most active
figure, probably will pass out of ex
istence.
Shipyard Settlement Pends.
WASHINGTON. . Fen. 22. The situa
tlon today In the shipyard controversy
Is one of waiting on the part of the
carpenters.
Government officials have acted
upon the proposal of William I
Hutcheson, president of the Brother
hood of Carpenter and Joiners, that
a representative of the carpenters be
given a place on the shlDbuildlna- ad
justment board. If the board is to have
the unions sanction to settle the dis
putes.
Strike Situation In Hand.
SALEM, Or., Feb. 22. (Special.) Con
ditions In connection with the paper
mill strike at Oregon City are excel
lent, according to oral report made to
Governor Wlthycombe today by Spe
cial Officer Meads, in charge of the
special agents there. He states that
any picketing that Is going on Is quiet
and undemonstrative: that the mills
are running full-handed and the out
put I but a slight percentage below
normal. I
1
Make the Boy Glad!
Norfolk
School Suits
(Extra Knickers )
$5
You fathers and mothers of active, energetic,
irrepressible boys will be glad of an oppor
tunity to buy these strong, serviceable suits at
this attractive price. They are tailored from
stout cassimeres, cheviots and novelty weaves.
You will find them much to your liking.
They will be shown today on the second floor
Boys' Norfolk Suits $6.50 to $20
Boys' Overcoats $5 to $15
Furnishings and Underwear for Boys
TRen
Bellin
I iVrr.' C!-lJ-TP UJaY s3 .
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