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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 23, 1918)
THE MORXIXG OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1918. 5 BRITAIN'S MEN WORK BEHIND LINES Strength of Nation Not Alone in Men, for Mates Toil in Field and Factory. LABOR SCORNS PACIFISTS Girl nil Mm-11 With Deadly T. X. T. Air Raids oo London and .IX-adly l"-Boat Fall to Break British .Morale. WOMKX TAKR ACTIVE PART IX WORLD WAR. Mm. Rheta Child Porr. whoM entertaining and Instructive let ters on Knula. depleting condi tion In PetroKrad after the over throw of the Cur, were o greay ly enjoyed by reader of The Ore tnnlan. I now In England. Mrs. Dorr's powers of observation and description tra seldom surpassed. The truth about EnicUnd 1 what everybody In America Is waiting to learn, and Mrs. Ixrr In a series of articles, of which this la the first, will give It to the readers of The Oregonlan. BT RHETA CHTLDE DORR. LONDON (by MalL Just before ths .uninr of the mighty and terrible rma waltlna- for us In France, before ar men take their places In the flaht Inr line. I wanted to know more thai lias been told na of actual conditions of Ufa In the allied countries. It seemed in me vital that we ahould know the trarh about Enarland. Had the C-boat campaign, mercilessly carried on for a year, brought her to the verge of starvation? Hart the narandina air raiders terrorised the gllh people and broken their mor ale? Was labor nnrrsl In the lland ainvlr farcins: a revolution? Was It roeelble that the American Army might ultimately have to shoulder the burden. rot only of Russian defection but or Krlttsh collapse r - well? All these questions have been raised In the t'ntted States. They are part of the stork In trade of all the Socialist nd pacifist orators. In every disloyal newspaper we have read, not once but often, that "capitalistic" England had duped the Americana Into taking; over task too rreat for exhausted Europe, that of beating; the Invincible Germana. Flaht BehlaeT Llaew. I wanted to see for myself, and I went to England. Since my arrival I have traveled In England as far north as Birmingham and Coventry. I have crossed the Scottish border and have aen something of the great Industries f the Clyde. I have visited munitions ' works where 1S.0O0 women work In day and night shifts making and filling hell with deadly T. X. T. I have pent several weeks In London. I have been In an air raid, and have aeen German bombs burled out of a deep night sky. I heard English guns roar the last word of the argument as the baffled planes fled back across the channel those that were left to flee. After these week In England I feel easier about our men In France. They won't have to do any fighting except their own. What I have been witnessing Is In fact a great battle, the last battle be hind the trenches, the last desperate struggle of the German foe to break England's strength before the Amer ican reinforcement can come up. Laker Keanu Pari flats. Wars may once have been fought ex clusively In the battlefield. Today they re fought In harvest fields and fac tories, and In city atreets aa welL They re fought by women and girls as much as by men In arms. The passing of woman suffrage measure by the English House of Lords and thcAmertraa House f Representatives, on the same day, what waa that but an acknowledg ment of these facts? The Brit, is a a whole are fighting this battle behind the lines as bravely, a cheerfully, and aa untiringly as fh British armies In the Held. They have nemles In their ranks. They have an Independent Labor party of only lO.eOt members, bat It is very Influential Socialist-pacifist (roup, and It la doing everything It can to Imbue the entire Labor movement with a pacifist spirit. So far it has not Succeeded. Calsa radev Air Raid. The London unierground during an lr raid looks like Rivlngton street on hot night In August. This, for the most part. Is a foreign born population. The native English take their air raid differently. My first ex perience with the bomber occurred on rarely clear night In Iecember. There waa a thin tittle alckle of a moon lying n Ita back half way op the sky. and even a few faint stars. It was a little before T In the evening and the street were full of people hurrying; home from toll. When the guna began to roar I put on my coat and hat and made at once for the street. The elevator was parked with hotel guests settnr the ground floor, but all face., were calm and un perturbed. I walked first through the lounge and drawing-rooms to observe the effect of the heavy ard Increasing ntl-aircrart gunfire. No effect at alL The people were reading, writing or talking; quietly as If no such thing as an enemy airplane existed. I never saw a lesa excited crowd of people. The few besides myself who appeared In the least Interested In event were some young Canadian and New Zealand offi cers Just arrived on leave from the front. The barrage was Intense, and brighter than the moon or stars waa the burst ing shrapnel against the gray sky. But brighter still were those sky sentinels, the searchlights, constantly- sweeping; the heavens, plcklnt out the target. The gunfire came from every direc tion, and occasionally a shell pierced the air In our Immediate neighborhood. "ffbo-o-o' Who-o-o?" shrilled the sneii. aa ir anxiously asking; the way. t'hriatsaaa la Trade. "When It sounds like that It's too near for you to stand outside," advlaed a nice Canadian boy with a Captain's Insignia on his sleeve. So the next time a shell rushed by with Its Irri tated "Who-o-o? Who-o-o?" I docilely went Indoor for few minutes. The firing kept up for nearly two hours, and we distinctly saw two bomb drop In our quarter of the town. Many more were dropped, and. as usual, the victim were nearly all women and children. The newspapers seldom re veal where the damage occurs, but It la sad fact that the worst havoc has been wrought In crowded neighbor hoods where many children swarm. One of the most tragic of Christmas parties this year waa given In the out patients' department of an East End hospital, the guests being children. some of whom had been wounded, but more whose nervea had been wrecked by fright during air raids. . There were cases of epilepsy devel oped after bombs had fallen In narrow streets. Some children looked little better than Idiots. One such child, a boy of perhaps 4 years, kept up con stant low whining like frightened animal. " 'E never used to do that lydy." apologized the little big sister who held him In her arm a. But 'e's never stopped It since the 'orrld noise blew our ouse down." saddest Fight at llasae. There was a big Christmas tree with lights and preaents and everything In the world to eat, and Queen Alexandra came to see It all. and for the moment most of the children were excited and happy. In time some of them will for get their terror, but few, I waa told, are likely to grow up normally robust men and women. These babes, and sometimes their mothers, are the saddest casualtlea of the war which England la fighting be hind the lines. It may not be entirely clear why Germany deems the murder of women and children a military advantage, but the fart la that the air raids have a real purpose. No matter where the bombs fall, whether on Buckingham Palace or East End rookeries, they ooiige tne t-ngnsn to keep a large num ber of fighting aeroplanes and fliers at home, a large force of defending soldiers within the kingdom. Reprisals Set far Reveage. Although thla was made plain from the first. It was a long time before public opinion would permit what are known as reprisal bombings on Ger man town. They were not reprisals in the revenge sense at all. The German towns have been bombed In order to keep a number of German planes and fliers away from Jhe battle line. If the English diversify their flights enough, they can simultaneously bomb towns In different parts of the German empire, they can. force the Germans to keep a amall army of home defenders away from the front. The submarine policy of Germany Is akin to that of the aeroplane oollrv. f the Germane are as wise as thev claim to be. they must know by this time that England cannot be starved by submarine blockade. Germany Is doing everything: nns- sible to divide and subdivide the coali tion of nations against her. She has completely succeeded in dividing the eastern from the western oatlons. This as far as she can go In the division of allied countries apparently. The next best thing Is dividing fighting forces. Best of all. from the German notnt of view. Is dividing the people of a nation, setting class against class, brother against brother. German diplo macy is working overtime on that Job, even In England. Nevertheless the British are hanging together. They are muddling some things. Thejs always do: but don't overlook the fact, that they always muddle through. I have often won dered why the British had to muddle at all. and now I think I begin to un derstand why. ' SCOOTS PARADE TODAY EXPERTS TO BE ON LABOR BID service and the employment Best Talent in Country Wil Grapple With Urgent Eco nomic Problems. STRIKES TO BE AVERTED CAMPAIGN FOR S.TO.OOO FtJKD START NEXT WKKK. Several Huadrea. Boys, Headed h-r Fife axad Drwas Ceram. ta March Dosvsiteww Streets. fffi Save 9!c. By Buying Ever Reliable CASCARA K QUININE Ho adssece as pr for thl M-year-klftalt-IicsrM tebtets Sane cr-hi taoict aow 30c lot 21 tablets fnd oai proportioaate rat per aalin jo .w eitc whea yoa buy H.U Care Cold in 14 hoar is days- hark if it fails. 24 Tablets TV.lWwr. MOTHER CRAY'S SWEET POWDERS FOR CHILDREN. A OartsralUiief foe Feverih sees. Caafipautfe. Headache, ii.aara Trsaslre. Teelklag pleerdere. ac Deal re T VVera... la-f Rrraa ts( alat la M feunfl SI ..! Ima-a--' 3.it4. Saaele availed l allCK Addfaaa, Metkrr Orajr I av Le K. V Adv. "Every Scoot to Peed a Soldier," "Help the Scouts to Help Uncle Sam," "Every Scout to Save a Soldier" these are soma of the slogans on the banners which will be carried by the Portland Boy Scouts, who will turn out between the hours of 12 and 1 today and parade on the principal business streets, start ing at Salmon and Park streets. They 111 be headed by a fife and drum corps. The purpose la to call attention to the Scouts and their work on account of the ctmpalrn for a 130.000 maintenance fund for three years, which is to be I raised by Portland men Monday. Tues day. Wednesday and Thursday of next week. C C Colt Is general for the campaign. The campaign managers are Horace Mecklem and Cbarlea F. Berg. The 110.000 for 19IJ will be expended as follows: Salaries for scout execu tive, assistant and office clerk. I5J00: rent. 7:0; office supplies, literature. books and printing of magasine. J1060; postage. 1200; telephone and telegraph. Ii:i: car fare and traveling expenses for field work. S200; charter fee of Na tional Council: assessment for National Council for extension work. 11000; ramps and outings. 11000: scout mas ters' training classes,' 1285; total. 110.- 000. Portland has 12.500 Scouts, but there are In the city 14.000 boys of Scout age. between 12 and It. whom II Is desired to enlist under the Scout banner. WOODLAWN GRANGE MEETS Members Enjoy Interesting Pro- gramme and Fleet Delegates. A varied and Interesting programme was enjoyed by members of the Wood- lawn Grange at their last meeting. held In connection with a o'clock din ner. Aa delegates to the State Grange, which convenes In May, Mr. Ttnd Mrs Eua-ene Palmer were named. 1'lsirict Judge W. N. Gatena opened I the apeaklng programme with a dls-l russlon of problems of the day. Mr. Karsee discussed the Russian situation in ita various pnssea. H. C lewis gavel a practical demonstration and explana-l tlon of methods of trimming and car ing for fruit trees. Pleasing readings were given by Miss Mildred Haas. Deputy State Maater T. J. Kreuder. of I the Lents Grange, and others talked briefly of the grande and Ita work. Early Conferences Planned for Pur pose of , Bringing Employers and Employes Together for Period of the War. WASHINGTON. Feb. 22. Experts on labor questions from all parts of the country, business men, labor leaders and economists, have oeen drawn upon by the Department of Labor to head the new division created by the re organization of the department for ef fective war service. Otto Eldlltz. New Tork architect, who heads the section on housing and trans portation of workers, is the only ap pointee whose name has been .made public The other six probably, will be an nounced tomorrow. They will admin ister the adjustment service, the con ditions of labor service, the section on Information and education, the section dealing with women In Industry, the training division. Conferences between the members of the board of representatives of capital and labor, whlcn was appointed sev eral days ago. will begin Monday at the department in an effo t to outline a basis to govern relations between em ployers and workers during the war. The conferences and the administra tion of their decisions by the reorgan ized department will be In effect the first attempt to carry out a National and definite labor policy in this coun try. The department plans a country-wide system of adjustment boards to safe guard the Nation from Industrial dis putes. With the new labor administration In operation, the labor advisory board. neaaed by John Lind and In which Dr. Li. C. Marshall has been the most active figure, probably will pass out of ex istence. Shipyard Settlement Pends. WASHINGTON. . Fen. 22. The situa tlon today In the shipyard controversy Is one of waiting on the part of the carpenters. Government officials have acted upon the proposal of William I Hutcheson, president of the Brother hood of Carpenter and Joiners, that a representative of the carpenters be given a place on the shlDbuildlna- ad justment board. If the board is to have the unions sanction to settle the dis putes. Strike Situation In Hand. SALEM, Or., Feb. 22. (Special.) Con ditions In connection with the paper mill strike at Oregon City are excel lent, according to oral report made to Governor Wlthycombe today by Spe cial Officer Meads, in charge of the special agents there. He states that any picketing that Is going on Is quiet and undemonstrative: that the mills are running full-handed and the out put I but a slight percentage below normal. I 1 Make the Boy Glad! Norfolk School Suits (Extra Knickers ) $5 You fathers and mothers of active, energetic, irrepressible boys will be glad of an oppor tunity to buy these strong, serviceable suits at this attractive price. They are tailored from stout cassimeres, cheviots and novelty weaves. You will find them much to your liking. They will be shown today on the second floor Boys' Norfolk Suits $6.50 to $20 Boys' Overcoats $5 to $15 Furnishings and Underwear for Boys TRen Bellin I iVrr.' C!-lJ-TP UJaY s3 . avaasse- nui X IQUiLUU CCl ZL 1UIU UL Phone your want ads to The Orego nlan. iliia IQtO, A, iQii, irW " iFll H ValeTakl &mmu v ff i mm m teliiiiiliJ Hr " n There." . . " 1 mm . ymm mK mm w If thev weren't GOOD They wouldn't be good enough for the Boys "Over