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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 9, 1918)
10 Tnr uroitxrva outgoxiax. ratuhdat, febtiuaut o, ioi8. 4 -'J 2J;e (Drcrjmrimt rOBVTLAXD. URMjO. t pnia4 (Oroa rfu a linaium mi nuariaoir to aowaaco. (Br atell.1 . fllT. "wS tla. OS I .......I jr. Solar Imi44 laroe alwatas )iljr. Sanaa tnrlaa. see mor.ia J'tl.f. MllhMl MB4tr. .... Mh'lT. OOO VMf 1 ? 00 im-4 y. co f ear ........... feMiki aa4 m-oa!? ......... IMIT. !.! la.laoad. OM r ......."" 'ai:y.0untla7 lr.lo-l4 eoe mola ft llhal mili)r. Mf IMf ..... J'a'l. wl'hout .va ly. Ihroo nicnthe w I luaa-Hsd pootofric mosor r iiprt 4r or ptwml check en eor l.l bank. hlimB r or curroncj are mt Mu ftvooo U IS rr- t rofit: is to J 1 rio: M . t" pc. 4 nt. 2 lo o " ni.; J lo 12 V'- ol pe4sa. dnubto rat- . - - - fbrfl VirrM St Cook Hr'ts ttuluu.s. lock; Verree A- r,.iki n St-r bull. una. t'M'-aao; rreo onk.in. froo frooa buMdla. DollWU Slick. : Ban Cni.'lto rcanlalve. liMtooll. t2 klarat MI.MBF.R Or THE iSOCUTED MF.. Tk. a n.iai Ptm to srtulrlT enti tle lo lb uo !r rvsubilcalion of ail neoe ipti hs crvm4 to II or not otlirroM o....ir-l in lha ppr. 4 I1M too iool k ubltahl h l ' 1 1. All rishio of rrublfo!o of special ais- fi'itN hereto srs oioo roroL 1 v . o.W . .. H ,.. f S-i ... V .. . nar material la order that an In dustry essentially pacetul in Its Da tura may not uffor. doubt, wherever It seems to ba necessary part of the education of Americana, and do It witnout chau vinism or discrimination, but only upon Ita merits. But it will be no part of a propajranda, and it will have OT UMU KKICHDOBS. . "'1; I no other rights not Inherent in any ..bl. return of 8.m to Germany Unnlas , 8ludy for ur ninw Ol uu v Kilo uiiuvuiun wn,.i III n . ii riiruii it. me war. Australia will Insist on holdine Now Guinea. South Afrira on holding THK BCOl BOB OF rMTMOXtl. Koutbwest Africa, and Rhodeaia and I The continued toll of our soldiers ilrltish Kast Africa on holding Ger-takea by pneumonia emphasizes the IOKTLIMI. HATIBOA. . ' mui nmi uu aii A reaxon for the deiius of on after another of the steamboat lines op crotinc on tho I'pper Columbia Hlver was fiven by that veteran liver steum lootnian. i'aplain W. 1". Gray, in a re rent letter to The Urronlan. but it Is only one of the reasons. If steamboats (finally gate as Koo-I. a rriruuir ana s rhrap servire as the rallroada. mer rhanls would not permit their traffic to be diverted to the railroads by gifts to their shlppinc clerks. Thero are other reason, the removal of which alone can revive river navla-ation. Neither river craft nor river port facilities have made any progress worth mention since the ycarMMO, and therefore they cannot give the service which a railroad gives. Steam boats are still built on the s-ime lines as of old. freijrht Is still put aboard with a hitnd-trurk and often wheeled half the length of the boat, which to slow, costly handling and does not land good In good condition. Boat lines run for a ear or too, then die. and shippers are forced to return to the railroad, whoso displeasure they have Incurred, ftlver banks are occu pied by rsvf road tracks, which make accesn to I lie water difficult. Kail road tracks do not run to wriarve-s and Joint rales are not made between rail and water lines, so that long wagon hauls on bad roads to interior points wipe out any saving which may have teen effected by using the water line. la former years a water line no sooner showed signs of vigorous life than the competing railroad would rut rates until It was driven into 4ank niptry. kten could no more be ex per-ted ta invest money In modern water craft under such rln-umMances than men could be ei pec led to travel on a splendid paved highway on which robbera were permitted to ply the! vocation unhindered. It Is not Intended to stigmatise any rlusa of people as robbers, but ti e competitive ssiem of which we made a fetish and (he hamll caps under which Inland navigation suffered had the same effect. The breakdown of the railroads tin der the load of war traffic has turned attention to waterways as a means of relief, but. thnuch we have spent hun ireds of millions on them, they re semble the house that was swept and garnished but had no occupant. They are comparatively without craft, wharves, or railroad or highway con nections. In three months the gTeat New York barge canal mill be finished It M the large! artificial Inland water way on this hemisphere and coul carry our entire normal bcut exports !ut has almost no barges. The Gov. emment lias been usked to provide them, and the Shipping Board has al ready applied S3.lstf.0U0 to construe tton of barges and towboats for the Mississippi Itlver. but our enlire ship building capacity. !olh present and prospective, is needed to build that bridge of ships to France for which General J'ershing rails. What we need above all else Li a National transportation pulley, which shall embrace railroud.i, waterways and highways. The first requisite is ro-oriltiiatlun and pro-rating between rail and water lines, as recommended by the House committee on rivers und harbors, which should Include prohi bition of destructive rompt'titton be tween the two systems. Thnt done, capital could feel secure in building modern tucs and barges and river towns would he encouraged to build wharves with modern facilities. Then the- Columbia. Mississippi. Missouri, Ohio an l'ottier rivers should became as crowded with traffic as the river Kibe, the great water highway of Ger many. Collapse of the railroad system his Impressed upon us the urgent necessity of using waterways, and Gov ernment operation of railroads has cleared the way for adoption of a policy, but present preoccupation with building of ocean craft forbids us now to do more than to make a beginning and to prepare for biccrr things when the strain has been relieved. I'ntil that time Co rues, great relief can be given to the railroads by build lag paved hirhwavs on hlch tractors ran haul trains of trucks. There will then be no transfer botwecn the In terior farm or the valley factory and the citr warehouses or the ocean es se 1. After the river Itnes have been est sbltshed. the roti and the trucks will remain as a permanent asset. There will be use in the future for all xthree rail, river and road aut to tokcm.will be added the swift aircraft rf commerce. Thee are days of rapid transition In transportation as In all ether thinrs. anil twenty years hence we shsll look back tn wondsrment on gkvo oreaant middle. Swtwtrtanding the wide nsa of trinitrotoluol as a hich explosive. It remains a ."set that picric acid pos sessea evrfe greater destructive force. Bian bast Africa. They simply do not want the Ger mans for neighbors, will not have them, and will Insist that the service they have rendered in the war entitles need of all possible hospital facilities for these men, and of intelligent medical care: but also more than either of conscientious and competent nursing. Pneumonia is the one terror them to respect for their wishes. They of camp life In the Army- which we may be accused of Imperialism, but have not been able materially to they will snap their fingers at that, ameliorate by prophylactic measures. All colonists In new countries are Ira- Typhoid and smallpox and other pertulist or they would not have gone plagues which decimated our men In there. former wars now do negligibla harm. The United States practiced lm- nut t present pneumonia is killing pertaltsm in buying Louisiana and more men- than the bullets of the annexing the Oregon country and a large slice of Mexico. The British dominions .may point to these facts I camps last week were due as proof that the nations which de-1 cause. enemy. One hundred and seventeen of the total of 178 deaths in training to this nounce so-called imperialism are those which have already got all they want. WHAT ARB LlXl'RIEg? There Is a middle ground that may be safely occupied, we think, by those who are bewildered by the armaments of persons who advocate "business as usual" aa opposed to the arguments of the other extremists of whom the writer of the letter on automobiles in The Oregoniun today is an example. It Is quite plain that war, as it is prosecuted today, cannot be success fully conducted by applying only the excess energy and productiveness of a nation. Some non-essentials per haps many must give way to the Soma hundreds of thousands of young men. many of them accustomed to living and working in overheated homes and oftices, have suddenly adopted a form of life in which ex posure and hardships are unavoidable. They ought to have lorttned them selves agHinst pneumonia years aqo, by a different method of living. But since they did not, they must be pro tected so far as possible now, and, as has been said, the nurse is almost as valuable as the doctor as a factor in recovery. Perhaps one result of our venture Into the war will be to popularize out door exercise and lower temperatures In buildings and building up of phy sical resistance, which are the best lurger Interest. But It Is only one nrotertion icainst all diseases of the with a superficial knowledge who sug- respiratory tract. Incidentally, there Is an argument for abstinence in the gests a transformation of the entire fabric of Industry Into a war enter prise over night. It Is estimated that In the so-called non-essential Industries ten million persons are employed In the United States. A sudden and general deter mination by the public to buy no non essentials would promote widespread hardship and actually defeat war alms statement of physicians that those who avoid all stimulants are most likely to recover after they have been at tacked. GAMBLING IN GOTHAM. In a period when society ouht to be least tolerant of any form of by creating Idleness, rutting oil Gov- parasitism, it is disturbing news that ernment revenues and demoralising the a gambling orgy has broken out in industrial organizations that should Now York. Doubtless war profits are gradually ba converted Into efficient measurably responsible for It. f.asy war machines. I money hns a way of making Its pos- t ona were searching for the most I sessors reckless of moral consequences, typical non-essentiul in New York, in and. unfortunately, there are always relation to the needs of Industry for Plenty of unscrupulous individuals coal In the existing shortage, ha would ready to prey upon the weaknesses of possibly settle upon the florist. Y'et their fellow men. one day s deprivation of roal would I " wouia relieve our leeungs some- have ruined Investments that run. Into I "hat If we could foresee the outcome the millions and have robbed 'thou- of a "relentless war" which it is said sands of persons of permanent em- the Olstrict Attorney Is about to wage ployment. The actual, concrete suf fering that It would have caused would have been far greater among a larger number of persons than that on the gamblers. Jle ought to have the support of all citizens who have any thought far the welfare of their neighbors. Perhaps he will have it. entailed by denial to Individuals of and perhaps the authorities will prove lha coal that went to the hothouses, equal to their task. But it has been This Is but cited to Illustrate the th boast of Tammany that it "gives fallacy of halrtriccer nroDosala for the U people what they want.' and it amelioration of this hardship or for the I "eems more than a coincidence that meeting of that necessity. flagrant gambling has blossomed sl- The correspondent s Impression that moat Immediately after the induction tha coal shortace In the Kast Is due oi a J ammuny unmintst.-T.uon In large part to shipment of automo-j the fnish of Its material pros- bllee has, so far as we are aware, no perlty and the security or a corn basis of fart- On the contrary, word Plalsant police authority. Gotham is has rome that automobile deliveries taking its vice de luxe. Women huve In (he Middle West have for some not escaped the temptation. Gorgeous time been made largely under the power of the automobile themselves, and this because priority orders gave the cars to shipments of other freight. Nor has the lack of munitions and rlothin; for the armies been so much duo to lark of materials, labor and manufacturing equipment as It has been to delay In placing Government orders, to the red tape of supervision and Inspection, to the slowness of Gov- gambling rooms are snid to have been furnished for their especial benefit. Iioral Investigation has revealed that not long ago a vaudeville actress lost $3500 In a single poker sitting. In another "palace" a former State Sena tor dropped $:0.000 in a sinplc night. The prosecutor is looking into a story that a man connected with a foreign mission to this country, who recently ittcmpted suicide, was prompted to ernment pay and to other extraneous! ,ne Brt heavy losses In a fashion- sine gaming piare. i wenty-nve noieis are accused of harboring; gambling. It Is the same old story in all its sordid details. Ko one wins in the end ex cept the professionals, who ought to be serving their country now, and whom self-respecting people ought not to tolerate In the community. It Is a time for serious reflections, not for relaxing moral standards or letting down economic bars. Gambling has no place among people who ought to be concentrating upon producing and saving, and upon keeping order at home and winning the war abroad. And men who neither toil nor spin factors. There Is a perfectly plain admoni tion of the conscience at this time to do without luxuries, but It Is a matter largely of Individual conscience. No two persons have tha same conception of the meaning of luxury. To some It Is anything In excess of that which is necessary to keep body and soul to gether. At the other extreme it may be the automobile one can get along without by utilizing last year's model. None are ready to deny the lowest laborer the modest luxury ha may crave, but where in the upward trend shall the line be drawn? have almost no chance at all of being perpetuated. Yet. If we could fix variety that would add an ultimate bushel of grain or bale of hay to the average production per acre of the country as a whole, wa would be going a long way toward solving an economic problem of the future. This opportunity for service by the cultivation of the faculty of minute observation is emphasized by the writer, who says: Not even the professions! botanist, ss a rale, Is trained to olisorve minute differences: h often prides htmelf on ignoring everything below a species. Yet these small dtfferenoos may carry tho potentialities of an increase in yield sufficient to reed thousands of peo ple, or of some new form of beauty to gladden1 the eyes of garden-lovers in two continents. Thus It would doubtless be I paying proposition for this country to em ploy a number of skilled botanists to mako a minuto study or ine variations oi plants, and set forth their observations in a series of cheap volumes which would stimulate wider and more intelligent Interest in tne subject. The wine-red sunflower thus com mends itself as more than a work of art. although this is not said in dis paragement of the love of beauty for beauty's sake alone. And so long as the study of botany is as interesting as it is, and as healthful, and so within the reach of everyone, it would seem that Professor Cockerell had pointed the way to a good many amateurs to perform real service. They need not wait for places on the payroll of the Government. There ought to be a good deal of satisfaction in the sense that one is turning a pleasing avoca tion to patriotic account. i That profiteering has not yet been eradicated even in Germany is shown by a letter, from the secretary of a Prussian rural soldiers' association printed recently In the Berlin Lokalan zelger. Incidentally, it emphasizes the necessity for Von Hindenburg to make good his reported boast that he will be in Paris by April. The rural sol dier tells how a horse which collapsed while drawing a van was sold to a Berlin horse butcher- for $32.50, and how the flesh was offered for sale in the man's shop the same evening at prices ranging up to 87 cents a pound for the choice cuts, at which price it was greedily taken by a waiting mul titude. The writer calculates that there was at least 400 pounds of mar ketable meat in the carcass, which would have made it cost to the origi nal buyer only 8 cents a pound, and says that by exploiting the middle classes as well as the poor the butch ers have in numerous cases "amassed fortunes which even a capitalist would not despise." "There stood several privates at at tention, awaiting my orders to launch the boats," said Lieutenant John New ton Hall, in telling of his appearance on deck when the Tuscania was hit. That one sentence tells how much discipline American soldiers have al ready absorbed, and It shows that they are made of the same stuff as the British soldiers who went down with the Birkenhead. The spirit shown by those men bodes ill for the Germans ho will meet their comrades in France- Two Honored Days. By James Barto Assms. February Z3 Wasalas-tasw Ob eve of this great country's birth when men who would be free From kingly reign, would be released from chains of tyranny. When by their declaration our fore fathers took their, etand Against a haughty monarch, the red flames of war were fanned. The brave sons of the colonies respond ed to the call. To stand between the foemen and their homes as living wall. And next to God, who ruled supreme, each patriotic eon In battling for his freedom placed his trust in Was! lngton. Through guidance of that fearless chief they fouKht on many a field Until by valor they compelled the in vading foe to yield. And as the conquered redcoats in de jection sailed away The sunlight kissed a newborn flag Old Glory of today. And since that chain was broken through the years "have come and gone Our people speak In reverence the name of Washington, . And on each anniversady of that lead er's natal day. A tribute to his memory all patriots proudly pay. February 12 Lincoln. Again our mamary wings back to those eoul-trylng days When darkening clouds of war again obscured the peace sun rays. When roaring guns by traitors manned hurled powder-driven balls That pierced with gaping wounds the breast of stricken bumter s walls. Again the hand of Providence gave, us a A patriot of fearless soul, a true Amer ican, And at his call to arms the cry echoed the country o er: "We are coming. Father Abraham, three hund-ed thousand morel" All through that dreadful struggle at the helm he nobly stood. Cheered his brave boys with voice and pen, wept over shedded blood; His great heart ached for heroes slain and stricken women s tears That often fell from pain-drawn eyes through all those fateful years. Oh, how his great heart throbbed with joy at news that Grant and Lee Has clasped hands at .Rebellion's grave beneath that apple tree. And sharp the pain that rent all hearts throughout our rescued land When at the down of peace he fell by aa assasBio s hand. We love to honor and revere that noble martyrs name. Upon the altars of our hearts we'll ever keep aflame The fire of hallowed memory of that great patriot who Was robbed of life as war clouds passed irom oir our skies of blue. And now as threatening clouds agal dim the horizon's lisrht And grand Old Glory's honor must be backed by armed mlirht. Again may heaven's mighty arm bus tain our Uncle Bam - As In the days of battle it sustained our Abraham. HOW NEWSPAPERS GET PICTIBES Ararasaeat Besnssi at McMian villa Is Re ferred, for Settlement. McMINNVILLK, Or., Feb. 7. (To the Editor.) For the benefit of some that compass us about, kindly tell just how pictures of prominent men. scenes, har bors and rivers are obtained for pub lication. It seems the public, or part of It at least, doubt their authenticity, For Instance, when the picture of the late John I Sullivan came out last Sun day, an acquaintance said: "That's no more John L. Sullivan's picture than I am. They've faked him, that's what they have done. Sullivan's face was big and red, always was, while this is white and wrinkled like an eld billy goat's. Not having a picture on hand, they have substituted the picture of some other old stiff and let it go at that." "That's where you are wrong," spoke up another acquaintance "all wrong. If you would read more and talk less you would know better of what you are talking about. That is a syndicate picture. Just how the newspapers get em I don't know. Perhaps as a busi ness house through solicitation. Any way they are pretty nearly always genuine and you can bank on it. "It's a shooting game with these syn dlcates with a reputation at stake- shooting with a camera all up and down, over and through this rolling old globe. They shoot most everything of interest Germans, elephants, typhoons, fires-and wars, fools, kings and poten tates. But," and he chucked the other in the ribs, "they don't shoot what you call 'em asses, that stand up and be little my old friend Sullivan by calling him a stiff." TOM ROGEKS. Large newspapers subscribe to pho tographic services. The firms or syn dies tea that supply pictures which ap pear after occurrence of events also anticipate events by sending to their newspaper subscribers photographs that may be of use sooner or later. These photographs are filed and in dexed by the newspapers. Photographs of prominent men are renewed from time to time. It is the policy to secure late pictures of every individual in the public eye. The picture of John L. Sul livan printed in The Oregonian was a recent one supplied by Underwood & Underwood, of New York, whose name and copyright appear on many of the illustrations in The Oregonian. Lieutenant-Commander B. Fried rich, in command of the gunboat Nashville, who made a "Fire Correct on an Italian submarine as it emerged and failed to answer a signal last Summer, has been demoted thirty numbers by a naval court. The Italian mads himself known after the single shot. That Friedrich followed in structions and did not take a chance seems not to have been in his favor. Location of the American Army on the French front suggests that they have been given the job of recapturing the Briey iron mines, and thus stop ping Krupp's supply of steel. An army of miners might be organized to follow up the fighters and get out ore for the French. What would be a crime if done by a longshoremun, for example, is some times not if the art of a more or less xalted person. With that understand ng. It is a wonder Judge Kossman would Impose a fine, but he did. He believes the prohibition law was made for all. Our regulation In that particular o""1 to be put In the front row on ill likely come from within the in- lne uring dustry that puts out the so-called luxury rather than from Individual or collective repression of desires. As men ara needed for essen tially war production thny will be withdrawn from peace Industries, or the peace Industries will be converted Into war industries as they are needed. The things that the public can do CHANCE FOR AMATKCR BOTANISTS. "Creation" of a red sunflower by a Colorado scientist would be an occur rence of only passing moment but fo the fact that it has called attention to the country's need of skilled observers of the minute variations of plants as part of the scheme of developing our without will gradually disappear from agriruilural resources in the highest tne maraet. tne transition will be nossible decree. The new sunflower such that there will not be widespread i3 Interesting from the artistic and bo- niienoas or sucm.-n destruction of I tanical point of view, but it is more vuiues imiiisianuiiy created. I than that. industry must not only readjust It- ITofessor T. T. A Cockerell of the self by degrees, but It must make the University of Colorado, developed the iuiuuii, au.-n uiu mo wur.3 ok i new flower rrom a sinirle individual peace may be resumed with the least found growing wild among some thou- poaaiuie money ana labor loss at the sands of others bv a roadside. It was close of tha war. To plan otherwise, a sport of nature; its ravs were diffused to encourage any other course Is to Wth chestnut red. Writing in the strike at tha vitals of the Nation and Journal of the American Museum of to promote the defeat of the area t Natural History. ITofessor Cockerell causa In which the rountry Is engaged. TrtritiNG C KB MAX. Tha peculiar provisions of an In diana statute making it compulsory upon school districts to Introduce the caching of German upon tha petition of a certain number of residents, while he same requirement Is not made as ny other language, is about to have a Dew test at law. It Is interest- ng to note now that this statute was upheld by the Supreme Court of the tate In 1IM. But the Indianapolis board has decided to Ignore It. In view of the changed relations says that he was struck at once with tha opportunity afforded not only for the production of a new horticultural type, but for scientific investigation. The plant was removed to a garden, where, because it was an annual and infertile to its own pollen, it was pre served by crossing with more ordinary sorts. In the following year many plants with reddened rays were pro duced, and these, being crossed with one another, - served to obtain a per manent red strain. The red sunflow ers now found in gardens in Europe and America, as well as in Australia and South Africa, are ail descend between tha fnlted Stales ami rsr. " single Wiia sport Wtllcn many, the dissenting opinions tiled at ppearea ,n -ioraao m that lima would ini now to have The so-called "creator" of new kinds and the forn.er is ued because plrrir arid has an unfavorable action upon tha Interior of the shell, and. therefore. Is not so safe to hand. Indus trial chemists are now hoping that picric a-id may come Into greater visa so that large supplies of toluol, which we have learned to make far war purposes, will be relcasad to the arts and Industries. We ara now titiMsJng every pound that wa ran make, and tha manufacture of dyes, which seemed a few months aro to be Cited with promise, has been forced Into the background. Invention of any other high explosive which would take tha place of T. N. T. would have the same erTert, and so wa are now golac tsewiigh lha experience of racing Inriis-iftal chemists devoting their attenrrs ta ts develop"'- a mora significance than the prevailing of P'n- limited to the materials decision of the court. The Indian- wnich na,ur8 affords. Professor apolis News quotes from one of these. V00'"" ca"8 ,,len"on lo ,ne neces sity for obtaining plants possessing the characteristics which he desires to Im part to his new horticultural forms. The red sunflower lent itsWf to scien tilic research because its variation was so conspicuous and remarkable as to arrest attention at once "yet. even so." Professor Cockerell observes, "the chanras of the- plant's being saved were rather slight." A thousand red sunflowers might bloom on the way sides of as many American towns and no one would think it worth while to save the seed for the purposes of In two words, "as such." this judge I experimentation. summed up the difference between the It Is easy to see how much more rtghts of Americans In America and slight would be the rhances of saving of all others. Germans have no rights desirable "sports" of less conspicuous as Germans. nor I renchmen "a "Krenrhmen.'' but only "as Amert- and ene wonders what political con siderations rould have prevented its adoption by the majority of the Judges. For example: As a branch of Itnnir there eaa be no b-evtia la the mt rtidui lion of Itee irmiii lansuag Into our scnoola It la a sob:e lan garfe mt a great peuple. It Is aot on.y toit.rr.ema-.y adt antsseoua t our children to bo sMs lo uss It. but It Introduce th-m to a Itiersiurs elrgular'y rich and strong. Mul aeitbwr Uermaa. French. ng:tsh nor tbeoo of aar etaer aatlsiaitr. can. as such, bate euv rights In nur pub-ic vnnnlt, and any Ugiiletion attempting is coaler way uta rigat would to void. varieties, as wneat or oats, which are of Infinitely greater utility. ' The ex- k to a voice tn the conduct oflternal characteristics of most of our public affiles. We shall presently re sume tha teaching of German, no fomge plants are such tht an inili vlduai of trreateat excellence would Turkey Is reported to be tn accord with the Teuton terms tor peace, ejid ft may be the same kind of accord that is obtained from that other tur key, shortly before Thanksgiving and Christmas days. With our men In France forced to use the metric system in their weights tqgtA measures, as well as their war maps, perhaps the foundation of a new reform will be laid when they, re turn home. The sudden increase in the price of flour substitutes indicates that while we may not have embalmed been can- ners in this war, we have something perilously near as bad. Senator f moot's plan of a monthly fast day will not conserve food. Hun ger the day following will incite extra consumption. A man cannot fool his stomach. General adoption of the cash-and-carry system will impose a new duty on husbands. We do not intend to adopt the Indian system yet awhile. Fecretary Baker may not ba respon sible for the absence of tags on the victims, but somebody in the service is to blame. American airmen will remember the Tuscania as a reason why they should not spare the enemy when they raid Germany. In these days of anxiety and uncer tainty, the work of the Associated Press is more than "great." As sons of Freedom once again pay lov ing tribute to The memory of leaders with the will te dare and do, Let us renew allegiance to the flag that floats above The glorious land of Liberty on which we lavisn love. Upon the tablets of each loyal heart should be engraved The names of patriots who In days of war our country saved; -together may those names be linked Dy loves sweet witchery In every heart till time shall merge lii LO eicraiiy. THIS MAN'S DOG IS A SECpSSITY Be Drives Cows Home .and Protects nardea from Poultry. . WALLOWA, Or., Feb. 7. (To the Ed Itor.) The dogs Mr. Geer mentions must have been unfortunate in the se lection of owner--or in ancestry. The writer owns a shepherd that is worth more than some hired men. We live in a hilly country and a large hill back of our house Is used for pasture. It would be hard climbing to get the cows down every evening. The hill is about 200 feet high and about half pitch at that in most places. All we have to do, whether the cows are in sight or not, is to say, "Bobbie, get the cows,'' and off he starts. In fact, he will start if we begin calling (Jo boss, co boss," and he seldom fails to bring them down. He may stop and rest and nose around a little, but if we call out, "Get the cows," off he will start again. But one peculiarity about him is that ir they are not in sight when he reaches the top and if he does not see or hear them, he comes back without them, and after making one trial and failing it is Impossible to get him to go again for the cows that evening. He is invaluable in keeping poultry out of tne garden at all times. If there hap pens to De cnickens or turkeys In the garden and he is anywhere near, all we have to do is to yell, "Shoo," and he surely shoos them. We could raise no garden without him, as garden and chicken lot are not separated by any Kina or cnicKen rence. Mr. Geer's article maligned all crood dogs ana tney resent it. CHRIS JOHNSON. Almost every mother thinks chlck- enpox is due to insanitary conditions until her own catch It. Kverybody hold up his right hand and make the vow not to cease until the Hun Is done. Restriction of bread to two slices ought not to be a hardship. Eat more vegetables. The weather is stimulating the bens, and soon eggs will be cheap enough to be eaten. 'Remember the Tuscania!" will do as a battlecry on the western front. "Anything else?" when the grocer sells a sack of flour in persiflage. It is the Kaiser's way of answering America.' General March has a good soldierly name. WHERE PLEA FOR RAMP LEADS ONE It Deprives Soldiers of Laurels suad Makes Martyrs at Enemies. PORTLAND, Feb. 8. (To the Editor.) A correspondent from the vicinity of tne Karap homestead in Marion County, writing in the open columns of one of our daily papers, comments on the in justice of the verdict in the Ramp case and asks -.that judgment be tempered wiht mercy, owing to the fact that the progenitors of Socialist Ramp were among the respected pioneers of the state of Oregon which Is about as con sistent as the doctrine of soap box So cialism to which Ramp subscribes. The writer also refers to Ramp as a martyr. We suppose then in that case that when the American arms have suc ceeded In their mission in Europe and have helped to make the world a safe place for women and children to live in and the proverbial sword has been transferred into the plowshare, the martyrs will not be those "who have sacrificed their lives' in the Interest of humnity or those who have survived the struggle, but the martyrs and he roes will be those who come out of the internment camps and prisons. A PIONEER OF OREGON. Time and the San. CRABTREE, Or., Feb. . (To the Editor.) (1) Could you give me the reasons why the days grow longer in the evening faster than they do in the morning this time of year and (2) how fast sunlight travels? DALE ARNOLD. (1) The solar day, as defined by the successive returns of the sun to the meridian, does not furnish a uniform measure of time, owing to the slightly variable velocity of the sun's motion and the inclination of its orbit to the equator. So to get a fixed measure of solar time it Is necessary to imagine a sun moving uniformly in the celestial equator and completing its circuit in the same time as the real sun. When this imaginary sun is on the meridian it is mean noon or noon according to the clocks A sun dial, at that hour, may show as much variation as 1$ minutes and 21 seconds. On only four days of the year do the clock and the sun dial coincide. The sun is either ahead or behind the clock, I. e., noon according to the clock is not exactly half way be tween sunrise and sunset. In January the clock showed it to be noon before the sun was on the meridian or direct ly overhead. Thus the day appeared to lengthen more in the evening than in the morning. (2) Velocity of sunlight is 186,324 miles a second. In Other Days. Tweaty-five 'eara Alio. From Tha Oree-onian, February 9. 1SP3. Washington. Mprgan's annexation bill made its appearance yesterday after the Hawaiian conference with the Sec retary of State. Salem. The Governor has vetoed the 160,000 appropriation bill for the Ore gon display at the World',3 Fair. W. Clark Russell, the novelist whom all Europe is raging over just now, was born in the old CarUon Hotel, oa Broadway, New York. Mabel Biggart, of New York, will re cite from Lew Wallace's "Ben Hur" at the Marquam Grand tonight as one of the attractions in the Star lecture course. W. S. Chapman suffered a badly In jured leg while coasting down a hill the other day. He has no desire to re peat the sport. London. Gladstone announces that he will tomorrow take steps to bring the debate over the Queen's speech to an end so that the home-rule bill can be reached. Birth of Popular Author. BROWNSVILLE, Or., Feb. 7. (To the Editor.) We would very much like to know the date of Eleanor H. Porter's birth, her birtbplace and her standing as an author. ELSIE, RUTH AND KATHLEEN. Eleanor Hodgman Porter was born at -Littleton, N. H., December 19, 1868. Mrs. Porter's "Pollyanna" has had great popularity and its dramatization is a stage favorite. Her books and stories are commended for their wholesome and entertaining qualities. COAL SHORTAGE BLAMED 0' AUTOS Writer Avers Demand for Luxuries Is Holding Back War Preparations. PORTLAND, Feb. 8. (To the Ed itor.) Could any thoroughgoing Ameri can patriot buy an automobile for pleasure this year any more than he couid gorge sweets and meats? It is no secret that It Is in great Dart due to preparation for Buch show as the one that opens in this city to- orrow that railroads have failed to carry coal and munitions and materials where they should, and mat tne ni 1 they failed to reach could not sail l could not sail because the American people demand the manufacture of lux uries! Piano factories, automobile fac tories, victrola factories wailed the oudest of all for fuel to run their plants, meantime using freely without patriotic qualms the material, skilled labor and rolling stock that were needed, along with fuel, to arm and cloth and feed whom? The boys who make up the thin wall of precious flesh and youthful blood that is all that stands between us and the desecration committed on a score of helpless coun tries by the eliiny monsters who in habit infested Prussia. ' Are there any today protected at home who are smug enough to buy uxuries that eat oil and gasoline and skilled labor, while the allied world begs on its knees for ships to carry across to Europe the very supplies we carefully lock at night into a garage': What else but ships and materials can save our hundreds of thousands of boys who are soon to swell into trained .mil- ions our soldier sons who are not content to offer their lives, but must over-subscribe the loans and buy so much Insurance and stamps that men who have their welfare in charge must often restrain the outpouring of their generosity. The one who gives his blood is the one most willing to give his material goods as well. And the mothers and fathers at home, working people for the most part themselves, heed these things and ,-meditate. Let us gulp facts as.they are and not let a little shining paint and soft leath ee drown our patriotism in the malmsey-butt ef unexampled self ishness. " ELIZABETH LAMBERT WOOD. Patriotic Service of a Governor, Salem Statesman. In periods of the Nation's serious conflicts to be the ''war Governor" of a state was a cause for popular esteem or popular obloquy, as the record of such Governor was loyally patriotic and active, or was either indifferent or positively disloyal. We have in mind three noted names that have been re vered in their respective states on that account since the days of the Civil War Oliver P. Morton, of Indiana, Richard Yates, of Illinois, and Samuel J. Kirkwood, of Iowa through whose splendid efforts in behalf of patriotic devotion to the Union those states made such an enviable record in the number and character of the men sent to the front to-preserve the Nations integrity and make possible universal liberty. In the crisis through which we are now passing the state of Oregon is peculiarly blessed in that respect, ana when it is all over and peace is restored James Withycombe will fo down in history as the "war Governor" whose piecept and example have inspired and encouraged this state to outstrip all her sister states in every duty which this war has placed upon us. It will be a record to be prourl of. Aaofher Egg Record. SOUTH BEND. Wash.. Feb. T. (To the Editor.) I am submitting a record made by our 14 pure-bred B. R. pullets during the month or January: Eggs 'produced, 305, or 26 M dor en; sold, 21 dozen for 12.70; used 4 5-12 dozens at tiO cents. $2.65; total, tin. 35. Feed and light. S3.S5. Profit, 111.50. MRS. T. I HOFLER. Mea la Coast Guard. PORTLAND, Feb. 8. (To the Editor.) Is a person who has a brother in the coast guard service (formerly life sav ing station), entitled to wear a service pin with one star? PUZZLED. The coast guard is in the active naval service during war time. The answer is yea. J WHEN SUBMARINE MEETS SUBMARINE A PROPHECY IN The Sunday Oregonian No lurking beneath the seas, no frenzied haste to hide from the swift destroyer but a conflict of equal metal, fought on the surface, gun for gun. Such fights are forecast by Charles W. Cuke in the Sunday issue as he discusses the building of the American fleet of submersibles. Death as sudden and ruthless k as ever a German U-boat wrought, may come in due season to the great ships of the German war fleet, though hidden in the for bidden waters of the Helgoland base. And, if a Prussian diver intervenes, then the submersibles will fight at equal odds. A corking yarn, with interesting facts. NAVY NIGHT ON THE STYX That goodly company of the departed great, snug John Kendrick Bangs' far-famed houseboat, were discussing the ethics of the Prussian U-boat. Noah, Hendrick Hudson and Captain Kidd every swaggerer that ever sailed the deer) joined in that epochal controversy. It is duly reported in the Sunday paper. WHAT WAR IS DOING TO THE CITIES It was a topsy-turvy world that America's great cities beheld when the first shock of hostilities tumbled the comfortable, well-ordered condition of things about their municipal ears. Arthur Barrett, in a special article, chats about picturesque and dramatic results that followed the restoration. BILLIONS IN SMOKE Perhaps Frank G. Carpenter was tardy in arriving at this discussion of a phase in American economic and industrial life the enormous waste in fuel consumption. At any rate, his clear-cut observations fall pat with the recent order of the Fuel Administration. The saving of coal ranks in importance with the saving of wheat and a single shovelful is equal in value to a loaf of bread with respect to the Nation's war aims. Read this. WHICH IS THE TRUE LINCOLN ? Did George Grey Barnard truly interpret the physical and spiritual significance of this great figure in American history? Or is it, as an overwhelming majority of our artists and distinguished men proclaim, an execrable and hideous caricature of Lincoln? Shall it, or the Saint-Gaudens statue, stand in London town? A page-, of statues, with comment, in the Sunday issue, AMONG US MORTALS The knitters, that loyal legion of American women who are ceaselessly shaping trench helmets, sweaters and warm woolen. wear for the lads in France and at sea, engrossed W. E. Hill's delighted attention when he sketched the current crayon page for the Sunday paper. The work of this foremost magazine illustrator is a regular feature of The Sunday Oregonian. CHURCH AND SCHOOL He who follows the progress of his city is far from the path if unaware of the work of echools and churches though he may have said adieu to the Fifth Reader long ago and not have been in a pew for many moons. These sections of the Sunday Oregonian are complete budgets of current informa tion. SCORES OF INTERESTING FEATURES The Sunday paper fills a dual need that of furnishing detailed and authentic news of the world, and of providing articles that are topical, pleasing and informative. It is newspaper and magazine in one. The Sunday Oregonian answers both needs not grudgingly, but with thorough ness and ecope that place it in the forefront. A Nickel and a Nod Buys THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN.