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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 3, 1917)
10 rilE 3IORNIXG OltEGOXIAN, .WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1917. ' PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffice as lecond-L-lass mail matter. Subscription .rates Invariably In advance: (By Mall Dally, Sunday included, one year $8.00 lJaily, Sundaj included, six months.... 4.25 lJaily, Sunday included, three months.. 2.-5 Liaily, Sunday included, one month... J .75 LJaily, without Sunday, one year G.OU Daily, without Sunday, six months.... 3.'J5 laily, without Sunday, three months... 1.75 Xaily, without Sunday, one month 410 "Weekly, one year 1.50 Sunday, one year -.50 Sunday and weekly 3.00 (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday included, one year $9.00 Daily, Sunday included, one month.... .75 Daily, without Sunday, one year ...... 7.80 laily, without Sunday, three months... 1.05 Xally. without Sunday, one month 65 flow to It mil it Send postoffice money or fLer. express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at Bender's risk. Give postoffice address in lull. including county and state. 1'iwtace Kates 11 to 16 pages. 1 cent; 18 to 'A'Z pages, Z cents; :i4 to 48 pages, 3 cents; CO to 60 pages. 4 cents; 02 to 76 pages, 5 cents; 78 to 82 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage double rates. Eastern lousiness Office Verree & Conk l!n, Brunswick building. New York; Verree c Conklin, Steger building, Chicago: San Francisco representative. It. J. 23idwell, 742 Market street. MKMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press Is exclusively en titled to the use for republication of all news credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub lished herein. All rights of republication of special dis patches therein are also reserved. PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 3, 1917 BACK OCR MEN WITH TOl'R DOLLARS. Oregon has sent more volunteers into the service of the United States to crush Prussianism than any other state in the Union more than 8000 of them. Now Uncle Sam asks us to fcack our men with our dollars. The way to do it is simple buy liberty bonds. Oregon's soldiers and sailors must be fed well fed; and clothed well clothed; and armed well armed. None need it more and none deserve it more. It is up to us people of Ore gon to volunteer with our dollars as our men have volunteered with, their lives, that our men may have every possible chance of winning- which ma terial things can give. We know they have the old American fighting spirit, and the backing of our money will carry them through until they bear the Stars and Stripes through Berlin. The Government asks us to lend rot give not less than $3,000,000,000, and, if possible, $5,000,000,000, to be used in feeding, clothing and arming our soldiers and sailors with the best that this country can provide. Ore gon's share of the smaller sum is $16,500,000, a little more than two thousand dollars for every volunteer that has gone from Oregon. Can we do it? We were asked to subscribe $11,500,000 to the first liberty loan, and we subscribed $13,800,000. Judged by that precedent, we should not only raise our quota of the smaller total, but should raise half as much again and make it $25,000,000 for good measure. If other states do as well, the total for the whole Nation will top the .five-billion mark. We all believe that our men are the best menin the world, and that, given all they need, they will prove the best soldiers in the world. Not a family in Oregon has not some member, at least some friend, among them. Let us give it to them. We owe it to them, and we owe it to our brave allies, with whom they will fight shoulder to shoulder. The money will come back to us, not only in the dollars with in terest, but in the blessings which the boys will heap on us, in the confi dence it will inspire in them and in the blessed peace they will bring when they return most of them with vic tory. Some German statesman has quoted an American expression, "Honey talks," in urging Germans to sub scribe to their new war loan. Let our money talk to the Germans and let jt tell them that we will not rest from sending our men and pouring out our money until the monster which Mr. Gerard has described to us has been destroyed. The Government asked the people for two billions as the first liberty loan, and they offered three billions. It now asks for three bil lions; let the people give it five bil lions and let old Oregon do her full part. That is the way to talk to the Kaiser, for it is a language he will understand. ? ' THE FARMER'S PRESSING NEED. The progressive failure of farming to keep pace with the needs of the population suggests that drastic re form will be necessary if the world is to be saved from famine. The back-to-the-land movement is virtually a failure. It has succeeded in attract ing chiefly a number of theorists, re tired bsiness men who did not need to practice economies, and some other restless souls who lacked the practical technical training essential to success. While the agricultural colleges have been doing excellent work, they have not offset the drift toward the cities. Compared with the food demands of the country, there is still a deficiency In the industry of agriculture. The chief problem of the farmer of today is labor, and the people will have no permanent security as to the food situation until this has been solved. It is useless to talk of mak ing the land more productive unless it can first be made fit for the crop. Tillage must precede any harvest. Seed-selection and plant-breeding have played an Important part in the scheme of economy, but there must he further advancement in capacity for putting land under the plow, and for taking care of the crop after it has been produced. It makes little difference how much the seed strain has been improved if there is no labor with which to make the harvest. Even if there were no war, there would not be enough really skilled farm laborers to do the work. The day has come when the peripatetic laborer rannot be depended upon. No scheme of distribution of "seasonal" workers is quite effective. Cost of transporta tion and losses due to enforced idle ness in the mid-periods make this em ployment unprofitable to really ambi tious men, and the opposite sort are expensive at almost any price. Is seems, therefore, as if farming in the near future would turn on the adoption of labor-saving machinery on a great scale. Just as the reaper and mower have supplanted the cradle and the scythe, and the horse rake has taken the place of the hand im plement, more machinery will be needed to do the work now attempted by men and horses. It is possible that the tractor, already demonstrated as practicable, is now only in its in fancy. Karming with power is going to be imperative. Plowing and har rowing, threshing and stacking, milk ing and wood-cutting will need to be done by machinery if there is enough fit it to. meet pur needs There will be no other way. There are old men now -living who have seen the grain crops garnered by hand; it is likely that the present generation will live to see further improvement as great as that made in the last half-century. It is not alone, however, in the major operations of the farm that changes must be made. The small farmer now consumes an important part of his time in "doing his chores." It makes a. big difference to the whole country whether several million farm ers get into the field at seven o'clock in the morning or at nine. It will be necessary to extend the application of power to the cutting of feed, the milk ing of cows and the cutting of wood, to say nothing of a myriad of other little things. Time must be saved, work made easier and production speeded up all along the line. Inten sive development of farm machinery of every kind would appear to be the country's only hope. COLLEGE REGISTRATION. The good news from Eugene that registration on the opening day at the State University exceeded that of a year ago by more than 100, and that the freshman class is the largest ever enrolled is an encouraging sign that success is attending efforts to keep boys under military age at their studies. When it is remembered that the colleges have responded to the call to National service in a spirit of enthusiasm, and that there has been a strong demand for college men not only in the fighting branches but in the technical industries allied to the war, the increased enrollment is all the more significant. It shows beyond doubt that the youth of the country are awakening to the advantages of education, not only in the present crisis but for the work of reconstruc tion. It is too early to estimate the real extent of this revival of Interest in higher education. There are likely to be more late entrants this year than usual. A good many of the students are staying at home a few days longer to complete necessary work and to make up in part for the loss of other members of their families who have been called to the colors. This is par ticularly true of the country districts, but it is not confined to them. Regis tration is quite likely to continue throughout October. Figures made up at the end of the present month will furnish an interesting basis of comparison with other years. Kn couraging as they are now, they will not tell the whole story until the last prospective student has reported. The showing made by the Eastern colleges promises to be equally good. The technical schools are beginning to exceed expectations, which gives good ground for additional optimism. The fact that many students are tak ing advantage of the opportunity to study the business of war, as in the ordnance course at the Oregon State University, indicates determination to be prepared for any eventuality. If these young men are called later they will make the finest kind of soldiers. If the war should end before they are summoned they will be well on the way toward preparation for a civil career. From every standpoint the October college news is cheering. SAFEGUARD OCR PACIFIC TRADE. Since the United States is allied with Japan for the purpose of war with Germany, the natural disposition of Americans will be to accept as sincere and to welcome the assurances of Vis count Ishii that Japan seeks no ad vantage in China beyond that which arises from proximity and from bet ter understanding of Chinese psy chology and economic conditions. But it is the duty of the Government to see that Japan lives up to these as surances in practice and that, in any arrangements which may be made for American - Japanese co-operation in conduct of the war, American com mercial interests shall not be sac rificed. As the Kaiser said of Germany, so it may be said of the Pacific Coast, that our future is on the sea. In the great era of world development which will surely follow the war;, the best opportunity of the Pacific States for foreign trade will lie across the Pacific Ocean in China and the adjacent countries, and it becomes our Govern ment to be careful that any arrange ments which may be made with Japan shall not have the effect of shutting off this opportunity. This subject is exhaustively dis cussed by J. B. Powell in Millard's Review of the Far East. Quoting from the semi-official Nichi Nichi, of Tokio, the statement that one purpose of the Japanese mission is to obtain a revision of the Root-Takahira agree ment, he thus indicates the direction inwhich revision will be sought: It seems that Japan will find it necessary to pool her shipping resources with the allies in the prosecution of the war. Owing to the withdrawaJ of much British shipping from the Pacific. Japan now bus almost a monopoly of Pacific Ocean traffic. The Ishli Mission is presumed to be going to suggest, among other matters, arrangements that would tend to make this monopoly ab solute during the rest of the war by pernut tins Japan to keep her shipping interests in the Pacific trade, while the merchant ma rine of the other allies will work in other oceans. "By the plan which the Ishil mis sion is presumed to be going to urge," all of the American and Canadian steamship lines now operating on the Pacific would be transferred to the Atlantic, "or an arrangement entered into whereby Japanese ships would have a monopoly in North China, and the Pacific Mail the southern part; that is, traffic between San Francisco, Manila. Hongkong and Calcutta." Al ready there has been a great shift of Chinese trade from Europe to Japan, which is indicated by a material in crease of Japanese shipping at Chi nese ports, while that of almost all other nations has decreased. The gen eral result and its cause are thus stated: Among China's chief customers and. sup pliers the only nation that has been able substantially to increase- its shipping fa cilities is Japan. Japan has been able to do this because her shipping interests have not been pooled In the prosecution of the war. and have been placed solely with a view to Japan's special advantage. In pursuance of this policy new lines have been, established by Japan, and on the North American routes there is little competition, 90 per cent of the arrivals and departures at Shanghai being Japanese. Advantage is taken of this situation to substitute Kobe for Shanghai as the trade em porium of the Orient by having trans pacific steamers stop calling at Shang hai and tranship their cargoes for that port to Japanese coastwise vessels at Kobe. American and British firms are subjected to all kinds of discrimi nation. The United States has a strong card in its hand in the negotiations with Japan, which should be so played that, while Japanese ships are thrown into the allied war pool, this country will not hand over the commerce of the Pacific bodily to Japan. That card is . control ol steel exports, Vithin ten days after the announcement of the American Government that no steel could be exported except under license, Japanese shipyards had con tracted to supply Great Britain with twenty-five cargo boats for use on the Atlantic, and Japanese commercial organizations "had petitioned the American Chamber of Commerce at Washington to intercede." The people of Portland, in common with those of other ports on the Pa cific Coast, have an interest in seeing that the negotiations for Japan's more active participation in the war shall not result in unwarranted sacrifice of American commerce. We have estab lished shipbuilding here for the im mediate purpose of meeting the Na tional exigencies of the war, but with the intent of using our ships in de veloping commerce on the Pacific Ocean. However poor an opinion our Eastern fellow-countrymen may have of wooden ships, we have brought them back in the hope that they will carry our commerce in all seas. When the necessities of war have been met and when our shipyards have been turned to production of vessels of com merce, these vessels should not be re quired to force their way into a field which has already been fully occupied by Japan. We should demand that our Government secure for us a fair field in friendly competition with Japan, and that that country make good, in the agreement now under negotiation, the pledge given by Vis count Ishii that the door of Chinese trade is open and never has been and never will be closed. CORN REJECTED WITH SCORN. If we could induce our allies to make corn as common an article of human food as it is in America, there would be small difficulty in feeding them. The corn crop is so abundant that it would be simply a question of providing ships. But in no respect is mankind more averse to innovation than in the matter of food. Only by degrees can man be induced to accept a new article of. diet. Not only must he acquire the taste for it, but he must learn to cook it so as to make it palatable. The experiment of introducing corn as human food has already been made in England, and has failed. The board of guardians of Strood, Kent, bought $150 worth to be served to the pau pers in the workhouse, but they re fused to eat it, and the board decided to sell its entire stock. Corn, or maize, as it is called in England, is regarded as fit only for cattle, and when it was offered to the Strood paupers they probably thought they were classed as such, and for that Teason indig nantly asserted their manhood. If corn on the cob, well buttered, had first won favor with the rich, it would probably have been more acceptable to the poor. MAKING NEIGHBORS. The development of airplane trans portation of the mails is certain to follow the perfection of flying ma chines for use on the war front, and it will be important not only in such a vast enterprise as the proposed line across the Atlantic, but in connecting many comparatively isolated com munities in the interior of the United States with their neighbors, the com mercial centers. It is a question, in deed, whether in this respect it will not perform a greater service In the aggregate. There is no doubt that acceleration of means of communication is of im mense benefit in promoting business and in creating neighborly feeling. On the commercial side, the merchant, for example, who is able to order goods with a minimum of delay can do a correspondingly greater gross business on a smaller capital, which increases the efficiency of his money. And people who can communicate easily with one another are less likely to be hampered by misunderstandings and more certain to become good neighbors and friends. The railroads have done much to knit the country together, but it will be many years before we shall have built all the railroads we would like to have. The automobile meanwhile is doing much to bridge the gaps. But the crowning achievement in bring ing the country to the door of the city, and in making country people feel that they are one with their city cousins will come when the airplane mail service, defying mountain ranges and streams and bad roads, transmits its load of letters in a few hours where it now takes days. The sense of unity is a matter of time, rather than of mileage, these days. And airplane travel over the land is comparatively safe, whereas we have not yet reached the point where a journey across the Atlantic would not be regarded as ex tremely perilous. HOME TO ROOST. In connection with the letter from Mr. Charles P. Howard, of the Central I.abor Council, printed in another column. The Oregonian desires to an nounce that its report of last Friday's mass meeting of workers in the Audi torium was based on the testimony of two creditable union men who at tended. Newspapers, with one excep tion, were not permitted to have re porters present. Mr. Howard now avers that he did not imply, as reported in the news story and as commented on editorially, that the anti-picketing ordinance should not be enforced because it had failed to receive a majority of all the voters in Portland. The Oregonian is willing to accept his denial -in good faith, but undeniably what he did say Impressed some persons present as that which he was reported to have said. But Mr. Howard's letter starts a train of interesting reflections. In the old days when the initiative and ref erendum in themselves were an issue in Oregon, it was represented with utmost confidence that vicious or sel fish laws could not be put over on a majority of the people. But here we have the testimony of Portland's au thorized labor representative that such a thing has been done in Portland. When men, of whom it was said that they had never done anything to prove themselves friends of the initia tive, proposed real majority rule in 1912, labor was the most active oppo nent of the change. It was appar ently assumed by William Mackenzie, who is still prominent in labor's coun cils; by W. S. U'Ren, who is attorney for the strikers; by the late Mr. Parkinson, and others who signed the argument, that only those who were honestly interested in orderly govern ment would present laws to the people. The trend of the argument was that the interests that prey upon the work ing classes would be able to and would defeat law initiated for the honest benefit of those classes if the rule were changed. It did not seem to enter the heads of these defenders of the people's cause tnat tlie preying interests themselves might engineer a law, and that the proposed change to majority rule would enable the work ers easier to defeat it. If Mr. Howard's conception of the antl-plcketing law and of the inspira tion behind it is correct, the selfish interests have initiated a law of grave injury to the working classes and it has been carried by misrepresentation, and through the ignorance of many of the voters, while its affirmative major ity is not a majority of the voters of the city, but only of those voting on the particular measure. Mr. Howard has presented today an indictment of the wide open initia tive, which if it had come from any one of conservative leanings or from a known opponent of direct legisla tion, would bring down maledictions upon the head of the author. Every foolish error heretofore com mitted by the people through the initiative has been condoned by the self-advertised friends of direct legis lation. When the people adopted two competing fishing laws and bottled up tho industry on the Columbia River It was asserted with much earnestness that the people knew just what they were doing; that they had silently and without conferring with one another determined to compel the Legislature to take the problem in hand! When they passed an incomprehen sible railroad rate law It was averred that they understood it, although no defender of the verdict could tell what the law meant! When, in the last general election, the people refused to eliminate from the constitution a long dead and wholly superfluous section denying the right of negroes to vote, we were told that that was not ignorance but a pro test against the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States! To the present day, so far as we can recall, no labor leader, no advocate of a loose rein on direct legislation, has ever publicly called attention to voter's indifference to measures submitted, or to voter's Ignorance of issues at stake, nor has one of them ever admitted that it was possible for a majority of those voting on a measure to go wrong. Not until labor was Jiurt as business and property and legitimate growth have heretofore been hurt by raids and attempted raids through the in itiative, did labor squeal. The same elements that have relied upon the undeniable chastity of the initiative have been strongest in con demnation of the Legislature. Yet the same- powers that secured adoption of the anti-picketing law sought its adop tion by legislative act and failed. Only at this late day does the idea that the initiative is a club which one oppos ing interest may use but not another, seems to be abandoned. The Oregonian is inclined to agree with Mr. Howard that many voters did not understand the full import of the anti-picketing ordinance. It will not dispute him in the contention that peaceful picketing is a right that should not be disturbed. But it holds that the will of the majority, whether fairly or unfairly gained, should pre vail until that will has been reversed or overturned in an orderly manner. It agrees with Mr. Howard that any citizen or body of citizens has a right to attempt by fair means to induce the voters to overturn their former verdict. But The Oregonian denies that, wholesale defiance of the ex pressed will of the people, which Mr. Howard will not deny he advocated in his Auditorium speech, is fair, or orderly or lawful means of doing it. Forty-four fire horses are to be sold at auction. They have been displaced by gasoline, and will work on farms and possibly jobs in the city. They will miss life in the flrehouses and their drivers, ai)d the men who have cared for them will miss their equine friends. An auto engine does not poke its nose over a man's shoulder and coax for sugar, nor does it stamp and whinney when it sees its driver; and many men will lie awake and wonder how it goes with "Tom," "Dick" or "Harry," or whatever be the name of the discard, and vow to heaven -that if he be abused somebody will get the once-over. Major Moraht, the German' military expert, who says that American mili tary help to the allies is "imaginary," curiously suggests the ostrich with his head in the sand, and also the adage that "there are none bo blind as those who will not see." Women of Essen, where they make the big "Berthas," are growing hun gry and restless, and fear not to de mand more food and return of their men folk, but are repressed in the Prussian way. It is pretty hard to believe the story that some Hood River people are shipping wormy apples to this city, because general impression is the worm does not exist in that district. Frenchmen are not so conscientious as Englishmen about retaliation, and are bombing a few German cities. By and by the British will get over it and go as far as Berlin. This is the last week of the season of local ball, the weather is good, and a decent spirit of local pride must swell the attendance the remaining days. The drafted man who objects to any kind of service because of his faith would better be locked up. He will be a nuisance in the ranks or at large. The Wisconsin man who has started a skunk farm at Asotin will, if he possesses any state loyalty, name the head of the bunch "La Follette." Grown men are known to carry in their pockets horse chestnuts and patatoes to ward off disease, and the joke is in their belief of relief. Many ordered meat yesterday before they remembered, but it did not choke them. They can even up with fish today. . Air raids in London soon will be come as commonplace as the muslo of the brass band that practices next door. All the Oregon boys at Camp Greene need is to get their heels tarred to be accepted by the natives. The "Henry" in its lair is a danger ous animal. A person a day is killed in Detroit. It's going to cost more than three millions to trim the "spinster" next year. According to the tailors, everybody will be a plainclothes man next year. There is no new war tax on the stork's, parcel ost . How to Keep Well. By Dr. W. A. Evans. Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention of diseases, if matters of gen eral interest, will ba answered in this col umn. Where space will not permit or the subject Is not suitable, letters will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped addressed envelope is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diag nosis or prescribe for individual diseases. Re quests for such services cannot be answered. (Copyright, 1016. by Dr. W. A. Evans. Published by arrangement with the Chicago Tribune.) MISCELLANKOITS TEACHINGS FROM A SOLDIER'S LIKE. Soldiers suffer very much with their feet. When , on hard duty about as many men show up at sick call by rea son of lameness as from any other two causes. The reason for this Is to be divided between habits prior to Army life and what happens therein. If the Army could take the soldier as a baby and order his shoes from baby hood on there would be a material les sening of foot trouble. The great bulk of foot trouble is the result of the shoe ing of children between 10 and 20 years of age. The Army shoe is a model. It Is broad across the ball and toe, the inner edge of the sole is parallel with the greatest length of the shoe, tho top is pliable and the toe is roomy enough to prevent crowding. Boys are disposed to ape those who are heroes to them. Would that they might ape wearing the Army shoe. The soldier cares for his feet. He changes his socks frequently. In cold weather ha may wear two pairs, lie washea his feet frequently. Some sol diers wash their feet almost as fre quently as they wash the"ir hands. They give care to corns, callosities and sore places. , Lelean prlves) the following as the methods used in the British army: On arrival In camp the men should remove their shoes, clean, dry and grease them. They should wash their feet in cold water, rubbing them with alum lotion or dilute alcohol. Clean socks and camp shoes should be put on. The socks worn on the march should be washed and kneaded until perfectly soft and then dried ready for morning. To lessen the friction between the foot and the sock, soap the inside of the sock. Perspiration makes a lather and prevents friction. In cold weather dust the inside of the sock with talc (magnesium silicate) containing 10 per cent boracic acid and 3 per cent salicylic acid. Sweating feet are soaked on al ternate days with a 2 per cent solution of formalin. Tenderness of the feet Is treated by applying 1 per cent formalin on alter nate days. Corns are trimmed with a pair of scissors curved on the flat, then paint ed with a mixture of salicylic acid, 60 grains, extract cannabis indica, 8 grains, flexible collodion, 1 ounce. Add a little alcohol to preserve. This Is painted on daily for .a few days, after which the corn is lifted out. . The soldier still suffers from lice, but less so than in any other war in his tory. The civilian can learn from him effective methods of killing lice. For ridding the head a mixture of kerosene and vinegar is used. The head Is then washed with kerosene, soap and water. In some instances after using the kerosene and vinegar mixture the head is greased before being washed. The problem of the head louse is easy compared with that of the body louse because the latter lives in the clothing. Tho clothinsr can be steri lised by heat. A temperature of 160 is ample. Hot ironing of the seams of the clothing kills both lice and eggs. To kill the adult lice on the body the soldiers use a dusting powder consist ing of napthalene, 96 parts;- creosote, 2 parts; magnesium silicate, 2 parts. To kill the young as they hatch from the eggs the seams of the undercloth ing are smeared with a mixture of crude mineral oil, 9 parts; soft soap, 5 parts and water, 1 part. Any grease renders the eggs infertile or kills the young as they hatch. Mercurial oint ment acts In the same way. The control of lice may seem a small matter, but the nurses in certain public schools have found as high as 15 per cent of the children to be infested with them. Cheaper Food for Children. H. E. A. writes: "Would you kindly indicate how one can economize on the feeding- of a child 3 years old? The broiled chop, scraped beefsteak and fine wheat cereals do not seem to fit in with Mr. Hoover's suggestions. What about cornmeal mush and bread and rye bread for small children?" REPLY. Three-year-old children do not requlrs broiled chops and scraped beefsteak. Corn meal mush and rye bread are excellent for them. Give them oatmeal or any other cereal, toast, butter, milk, rice, vegetables and frulta. Milk should constitute the back bone of the diet. Not much meat is re quired and that need not be of expensive kinds. 1 have an article giving just the In formation you want now in the editorial rooms. It will appear shortly. Cause May B Tubercular. TV. C. writes: "Will you please an swer in The Oregonian what various causes may produce blood in the sputum? I am not troubled with a cough, so I hardly think it comes from the lungs. Does a goiter ever cause this condition?" t r,EPLT. The most important cause Is tuberculosis. That disease should always be thought of and searched for. Among other causes are infections of th bronchial tubes due to other bacteria than tubercle bacili. nosebleed, ton sil trouble, whooping cough, heart disease, stone mason or knife grinder's lung, injury to the Chest, pneumonia, embolism in the lung, turner of the lung, aneurism, foreign body in the air passages, syphilis of the upper air passages, bleeding of the gums, hemophilia, scurvy, colter. Need of Glasses. P. G. writes: "I am a commercial artist and of late my eyes have always been inflamed and bloodshot. I've used boric acid for a wash and this relieved it considerable. Do you think the con tinued use of boric acid harmful or is it all right to wash my eyes every morning and evening?" REPLY. Boric acid wash will do yoa no hrm. Tou suffer from eyestrain. Proper glasses and proper lighting, of your workroom should cure you. To continue using borax water is to neglect the essentials. Wheat rrlces In Past. miXEVILLE, Or., Oct. 1. (To the Editor.) Please state how often the price of wheat was $1 per bushel from 1892 to 1901. State the lowest price of wheat dur ing this period. Was not the price of wheat oftener below $1 per bushel? C. O. McGHEE. Wheat prices in the Chicago market reached the following figures in the months and years named: December, 1897, $1.09. May, 1898, $1.85. The last quotation is the Leiter "corner" figure. At no other times in the period named was wheat quoted at $1 or more. The lowest quotation in the same period was in January, 1893, at 4S cents. Just a Little Sudden. Louisville Courier-Journal. They seated themselves at a table. "Will you have a little shrimp?" he asked. "Dear me," he exclaimed. "This is so sudden," JIR. HOWARD DEMIES STATEMENT f Labor Leader Tnkes Exception to Quotation From Auditorium Speech, PORTLAND. Oct. 2. (To the Edi tor.) In an editorial Sunday in The Oregonian there-were misstatements of fact which I desire to think were honest mistakes rather than a de liberate attempt to misrepresent. The editorial in question was headed "Howard vs. Mackenzie." and the state ment Is made that at the Public Audi torium meeting on Friday night the argument was offered that the anti picketing, or trade conspiracy, law should not be enforced because it was not passed by a majority of the voters of Portland, but only by a majority of those voting. No such silly argument as this was offered or such statement made by any of the speakers. However, I did state that the anti conspiracy law was passed by the small majority of less than 400 out of 40,000 votes cast and that this small ma jority was obtained by the expendi ture of large sums of money and mis representation of the purpose and in tent of the law. I further stated that many of those voting for the measure did so thinking the purpose of the law was to assist in punishing pro-foreign conspiracies against the city, state and Nation. My reason for this belief is that I have met several who expressed the belief that the law would be useful in that re spect. And further, many people vote by ballot title only and the simple fact that the ballot title contained the term '"anti-conspiracy" gained for the measure the votes of many persons as being a law against "conspiracies." I also said that this law was the most vicious piece of legislation foisted upon a free people. And In that state ment I have the support of some of the leading attorneys and jurists, as well as the leading workers in civic organizations of this city. 1 contend that the la.w Bhould not be allowed to stand because it is uncon stitutional and infringes upon the fun damental rights of the working peo ple. It is the intention not to at tempt enforcement against other than the workers' organizations. It was further stated that an honest attempt had been made to get a test case under this law to prove its unconstitutional ity while there was industrial peace in the city, but the attempts were with out success. It now seems unfair to use a law of this kind without being tested in the courts, when if it should later be declared an abridgment of constitutional rights, as it surely will, irreparable injury will have been done under authority of a law which never had any legality and should have no place in the statutes of any city or state in free America. If it is of interest to The Oregonian to know my views, will say I believe that, with proper constitutional limi tations, the fairly expressed will of the majority at the polls must be ac cepted as law. Otherwise, under our form of Government, we have no law. Kor the purpose of Government, the expressed' will of the local majority must be regarded as right, regardless of the size of the minority. This does not. however, deny the right of any citizen or body of citizens to establish in the courts whether or not the constitutional limitations have been overstepped. And it does not deny the right of any citizen or body of citizens to attempt, by fair means, to go out and try to induce the voters to overturn their former verdict. I desire to assure you that I offered no such argument against the anti conspiracy law as the alleged quota tion upon which you base your edi torial and I believe any of the 5000 persons present at the meeting will bear out this statement. CHARLES P. HOWARD. Mr. Howard's letter is discussed else where on this page. Why Is Meat Hlghf DUNDEE, Or., Oct. 1. (To the Edi tor.) In every paper I see advice to raise more hogs and cattle and read articles about the meatless days in Portland. I would like for you or Mr. Hoover to solve the mystery for me. I quit milking a cow six weeks ago when I could not make her pay for her feed any longer selling milk for $2.50 per hundred pounds. I put the cow In the barn and fed her all the corn fodder and hay that she could eat and mill feed three times a day. When I got her ready for market I offered her to all the butchers in this part of the country and inquired of one house in Portland. Under the best of fer I got for the cow I would have been ahead if I had killed her when I put her in the barn and had sold the hide for $6,, allowing myself $2 per day (farmer's day 12 to 13 hours) for the time feeding her and the market price for feed, What makes the high cost of living? O..H. ROBBINS. When One May Remarry. VflHTH YAKIMA. Wash.. Sept 30.- (To the Editor.) When one gets a di vorce, is it settled when the judge signs it or when it is put on record? That is. can one get married six months from the day it was signed or six months from the time it was put on record? Which is right? C. M. JONES. Six months from the day the decree is signed. Spots and Appetite. Washington (D. C.) Star. "How's your motor car behaving? "Well." replied Mr. Chuggins, "the way it uses gasoline shows that while it may be weak in spots, its appetite is all right. A Pleasing Contrast. Iljr Jamrs llarlon Adams. Our gallant soldier laddies who will sail for lands afar fare better than the boys in blue in days of civil war. They're feasted upon every hand upon the market's best until their inner depths expand and give them sore un rest. The women heaven bless tlicm fill them full of things galore, lade them with delicacies till they cannot chamber more, and when In service far away the laddies will not yearn for "makln's" or pipe stuffin", they will have the weed to burn, and when en camped in distant lands where hot mouthed cannons boom, the dainties yet will retch their hands by mail from home, sweet home, and when the horns toot at the front their appetites they'll sate at the tri-daily eating stunt with chuck that's tip to date, for Uncle Sam has greater hoard of lucre now than when in civil war and can afford to better feed his men. When blue boys were called on to wrest themselves away from home there was no sump tuous eatin' fest in gilded banquet room, no nimble-tongue experts to do the oratorio stunt and tell them what they would go through down at the bloody front, and when in Southern tented camp or marching, horse and foot, the grub they sometimes had to champ would queer a Billy goat. Hard tack as solid as a rock, at times but parched corn, and rank "sowbelly," 'twas in stock perhaps ere they were born, and other chuck of ancient grade on plates the cooks would heap, so ripe with years it almost made their sad dened stomachs weep, and when they yearned for dainty food to please their appetites they had to hustle and make good where chickens roosted nights. O, boys of '17, indeed you play in royal luck as you your hungry faces feed on high-class eatin' truck, and the old vet erans, by jlng, are mighty glad you do, because the best of everything is none loo good lor. you, . In Other Days. Twenty-five Years A so. From The Oregonian. October 3. 1S92. Durango, Mex. The track of the Mexican International road was com pleted to the depot yesterday in the presence of 13,000 people. Kamm's building, on the northeast corner of First and Pine streets, an immense four-story building that reaches clear back to Front street, was a. mass of tlames for a while last night and it was only by the most desperate efforts on the part of the tire depart ment that great destruction was pre vented. Boston. John L. Sullivan has star tled his friends in this city by an nouncing his Intention of challenging Corbett to fight again. He says he was not right at the time of the re cent light and intimates he was drugged. The play at Cordray's for the week, beginning this evening, will he "Cruel London," a splendid melodrama. The First Free Methodist Church of Portland was dedicated yesterday forenoon. The church stands at East Ninth and Mill streets and dedicatory services were conducted by lie v. J. C. Scott, of Seattle. Half n Century Ago. From The Oregonian, October 3, 1?67. London It is reported on the contN nent that Napoleon had addressed a let ter to the sovereigns of the South Ger man states on the subject of their rela tions with the Prussian Cabinet, touch ing German unity. The Emperor asks Southern potentates to pledge them selves not to pass the Main and merge their countries in the new confedera tion of the North. Florence Garibaldi has refused to give parole not to renew hostilities against Home. St. Louis. The Crow Indians refuse to meet the peace commissioners at Fort Laramie in November. Chicago. Chicago has been agreed upon as the place for holding the Na tional Republican Convention. New York. General Sheridan had splendid reception at Brooklyn today. He leaves for Boston via New York oa Thursday evening. Rent of Mortgraiced Property. PORTLAND, Oct. 2. (To the Editor.J If a person holds a mortgage on a piece of property and it is rented and he forecloses the mortgage, from what date can he collect the rent from the property from the time it is sold or from the time the sale is confirmed? w. jr. m. WALLA WALLA. Wash.. Sept. 300. (To the Editor.) A owes B $."ii0 and B has a mortgage on a house and lot be longing to A. A cannot raise the money and B is thinking of foreclosing the mortgage on the property, which rents for $10 a month. If B forecloses the mortgage, when does he pet possession and who gets the rent during the year in which A has to redeem the property? ROBERT WHITE. The purchaser of the property on foreclosure sale is entitled to the rents from the time the sale is confirmed by the court. If A redeems the property within one year from the day the sale is confirmed, he is entitled to the rent collected in the meantime. Kpitaph for Kaiser. rOTtTLANH. Oct. 2. (To the Ed itor.) In The Oregonian today your splendid cartoonist, Mr. Reynolds, pre sents a cartoon as a "parody" on Shakespeare's graveyard scene, in. which Hamlet says: "Alas! Poor Yor rick! I knew him well." In this car toon Mr. Reynolds shows Mr. Gerard at the grave of the Kaiser, who's head stone is engraved with these words; "Died in American estimation, August, 1914, the Kaiser." and, as Mr. Gerard holds in his hands the skull and hel met of the Kaiser, he says: "Alas! the Kaiser!" It is very appropriate, as the Kaiser surely died in American estimation by his war against the world, and 'I here present an epitaph which I think repre sents the Kaiser fairly well. Mr. Wil son gives the Kaiser a reputation of being the greatest liar on earth. Kaiser "Wilhelm. here he lies! lie started out tow.-ird the akte. BuL went below, against his will. And. as in life, is lying still. C.MILTON MOORE. When Carrier Pigeon Arrives. SKAMOKAWA, Wash.. Oct. 1. (To the Editor.) Sunday a carrier pigeon alighted on our porch. It seemed very tired. I picked it up anil have it in a box; examined it, but found no mes sage on it. I noticed an article a short time ago saying anyone finding such a bird to notify the proper authorities so it can be examined for message. I don't know whom to notify. Pleaae tell me whom to notify. T. J. EGGMAN. Communicate with United States At torney Clarence Reames. Portland, Or. Life of Mortgage. PORTLAND. Oct. 2. (To the Editor.) A person holds a mortgage that is made out for five years. What tthould he do to comply with the law and have the mortgage continue to run? Will he have to make out another mortgage? SUBSCRIBER. Nothing Is required to be done in or der that the mortgage shall continue in, force. The mortgage is in effect until paid and discharged, except that the statute of limitations will run against it in 10 years if no payments are made. I When Chickens Are Astray. CORVALLIS. Or.. Oct. 1. (To the Editor.) A and B have adjoining 40 acre farms. . A has built his barns very close to the line and persists in allow ing his fine flock of chickens to feed upon B's gtowing crops. A has his own garden and crop fenced ''chicken tight, but refused, upon request, to pen up his chickens. Will any law give JS relief? D. E. K. Chapter 328, General Laws of 1913, is a general law relating to taking up estray animals. Some courts have held fowls to be animals. Divorce of Soldier. PORTLAND. Oct. 2. (To the Editor.) n a soldier secure a divorce in this state through his lawyer after he him self has gone to France, or is his pres ence essential?. B. M. Tes, if he had been a resident of the r.tate for one year prior to filing the complaint. The court could permit his deposition to be taken In France in support of his complaint. IVo Deficiency Judgment. ECOLA, Or., Oct. 1. (To the Editor.) A sells land to B, paying some cash, balance two notes and mortgage. No mention is made on note or mortgage that it is to close balance of purchase price. Later on, not being able to pay the mortgage and notes, can the holder of the mortgage after foreclosing, take any other property out of which to make the deficiency judgment good7 MRS. E. A. FA1RCH1LD. He cannot,