lO
THE MORNING OREGONIAN,
THURSDAY. AUGUST 23, 1917.
r
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PORTLAND. THURSDAY. AUG. 23. 1917.
DESTINY.
-Probably it would be Just as -well
to leave entirely alone the question as
to what would have happened In
America, and in the world, if
Hughes had been elected: but
the subject is interesting enough to
call for a column of comment from
our neighbor, the Corvallis Gazette
Times, following an article in The
Oregonian last Sunday. The Gazette
Times bluntly declares that President
Hughes would not have had the ef
fective and very nearly united sup
Iort given President Wilson, for po
litical and psychological reasons. The
Democratic slogan was that Wilson
had "Kept" us out of war" and the
common Democratic charge was that
"A vote for Hughes is a vote for war."
So, argues the Corvallis paper, "if
war had come many millions would
have firmly and in many cases hys
terically believed that it was Hughes'
fault," and they would have thought
that if Wilson had been re-elected he
would have kept us out, and it would
have been almost impossible to recon
cile many of Mr. Wilson's adherents
to war.
The argument of our friend leads
It inevitably to the- conclusion- which
it accepts that it is a good thing
that Mr. Wilson was elected.
It is Indubitably the right thing
that Mr. Wilson has now done, first, in
convincing the American conscience
of the righteousness of its cause and
then in accepting for himself the
great responsibility of leadership in
the war to make the world safe for
democracy and in defining for the Na
tion the duty .of preserving at any
cost its own integrity as a free re
public. It is unthinkable now that
the President could have done other
wise; yet it seemed clear a year ago
that he so intended. What would
have been the state of America now
if Germany had been permitted to go
forward with its great project of
world conquest, through ruthless sub
marine warfare and through all the
other agencies of a merciless, in
satiate and too efficient Frussianism?
Did not events lead irresistibly to
armed denial by America of Prus
sian world-power?
The Oregonian long has been clear
in the conviction that sooner or later
America would be face to face
with German autocracy, and it
now thinks that the election of a
President could not long affect the
certain course of destiny. An election
may have indicated a desire on our
part to do this or do that to go in
or stay out but it was not for tis to
choose. If it had been, undoubtedly
we should have remained to the end
interested, but neutral, spectators of
the greatest human tragedy. We
could not keep that pose.
After all. then, a few thousand
votes in California have not perma
nently affected the long way of history-;
but an inscrutable Providence
has mapped our highway, and we
must march along it to the goal.
With clear vision we see what it is
the emancipation of all peoples from
the rule of all Kaisers.
MILK IS INDISPENSABLE.
The statement sent out by the Na
tional Dairy Council, that our stock
of dairy cattle is lower today in pro
portion to population than it has
been for forty years, suggests a truly
serious condition. The facts will not
be questioned by anyone who has had
ordinary opportunities for observa
tion. The better equipped dairies,
with their 6ilos and green pastures.
have maanged to keep up in the face
of increasing costs of everything they
use, but the smaller dairymen have
not been so fortunate. Forced to buy
feed in the open market, they have
seen profit turned into loss and in
many instances have succumbed.
Strings of cows going to the slaughter
houses all over the country have told
the story. Calves have been sacrificed,
too. It is useless to advise a man to
"keep the calves" when he has noth
ing to feed them. The future as well
as the present is being robbed.
It is all the more distressing be
cause milk is coming to be regarded
by experts as almost an indispensable
food. It is true that a quart contains
only bzo calories, and costs 10 cents
or more, but in this instance the
calorie does not tell the whole story.
Professor K. V. McCollum. head of
the Rockefeller Foundation's nutri
tional work, finds that whole milk is
peculiarly rich in certain vitamines,
appearing in what he provisionally
terms the "fat soluble A" of the but
terfat. He has also found that agita
tion in the presence of oxygen de
stroys the vitamine value of the fat
soluble A, from which it is deduced
that the virgin butterfat loses a cer
tain amount of its vitamines when
converted into butler by the ordinary
commercial process. This quality,
however, is preserved in the whole
milk.
The National Food Journal points
out tnat there is no substitute for
whole milk regardless of the calorie
it and other foods may contain. Par.
licularly in the nourishment of chil
dren, it is regarded as indispensable.
It costs more now than it did a few
years ago. and the tendency of the
price is higher, but at any price it
will be needed. It now represents a'
cost of 1 2-3 cents' for each 100
calories, but if it cost double that
much we could not Ho without it.
The present, decimation of dairy
cow holdings is due quite largely to
abandonment of the business by small
farmers, who have heretofore con
ducted it as a "side line." and who
find it more profitable now to sell
their soil products direct to elevators
and consumers. It is due also to the
circumstance that these smaller farm
ers who are dairymen only incidental
ly are. owners of a large proportion
of the scrub stock, which earns the
least profit and often nets a loss. The
remedy would seem to lie partly in
continuing, on a more intensive scale,
the campaign for better dairy cows
already waged by agricultural colleges
everywhere, and in perfecting our
methods for the distribution of milk.
All students of tho ' situation agree
that there is much room for im
provement in the latter respect. Find
ing"' the remedy, whatever it may be,
will bej one of the important duties of
the food commission.
BETRAYING LABOR.
The Spokane Labor Council has
neither shame nor patriotism. It
identifies itself with the treasonable
and mischievous I. W. W., making
demands which are both impudent
and irrelevant.
The primary offense of the agitator.
Rowan, was that he threatened a gen
eral strike unless certain prisoners
I. W. W. were released from jail.
There was no demand that these men
be given a trial in due process of
law, or claim that they were inno
cent; only a protest that they were
jailed at all. and an audacious proc
lamation of a purpose to paralyze
industry, and thus to harass the Gov
ernment in time of war. Of cours?
such a thing could not be tolerated.
There is no twilight zone of patriot
Ism. The I. W. W. is for or against
America; and clearly it is against
America.
It is inconceivable that labor gen
erally is against America. Indeed it
is known to be for America. It is not
likely that the Spokane Labor Council
is representative of labor sentiment,
even in Spokane. It has betrayed
labor by its declaration of sympathy
with the I. W. W. and by espousal of
its cause.
LIFTING OF THE LID.
Mayor Baker no doubt knows what
Is best to be done with a difficult
problem when he insists that rooms
for card-playing in public resorts
shall be separated from billiard-
rooms. The late Albeo administration
permitted both kinds of amusement,
or entertainment, or sport, in the
same place. It was the idea that the
all-seeing eye of a virtuous public
would thus be able to discover any
serious transgressions.
But there was a mistake some
where. Mayor Baker asserts that
gambling has been carried on exten
sively in the North End and he pro
poses to stop it.
Since the saloon has disappeared
there has been no adequate poor
man's club. There ought to be; and
it should be ' made attractive and
wholesome for men without homes
and other men with no very substan
tial moral anchorage. Mayor Albee
devoted a great deal of time and zeal
to the problem: and it had been sup
posed that he had made progress in
its solution. We think indeed that
he did. No reasonable person could
think that he would create a Utopia
out of the materials furnished him.
which were old-time saloon pro
prietors suddenly converted into own
ers of soft-drink emporiums, and men
and women patrons of red-light
palaces of all kinds and. conditions,
seeking excitement. entertainment
and refreshment. It is not surprising
to learn that there has been a rever
sion to old ways, and that in some
places there has been gambling.
Somehow the notion has got abroad
that under Mayor Baker the lid will
be raised. The Mayor takes occasion
now to set the public mind straight
and at the same time to notify the
expectant habitues of the primrose
path that they will pursue their
pleasures at their peril. The days of
the moral squad are over, but not of
a rational morality.
FOREST RESERVES.
But few people in the United States
have even an approximate knowledge
of the National forests of the country.
This is principally dffe to the fact
that establishment of these reserves is
of recent origin, less than a score of
years ago, and it is because boundaries
have been altered, new reserves cre
ated and their administration changed
all so rapidly that but few persons
have kept track of them.
The National forests, however, have
not only come now to be one of the
great Institutions of our National
Government, but they comprise an in
stitution that will broaden and come
in for greater consideration year after
year for many years to come. There
fore we should be enlightened, as a
people, not only upon the physical
extent of the land within the reserves.
but as to the administration and uses
of the reserves.
Ignorance upon these . subjects in
states like Ohio. Indiana and Kansas.
where the forests are so distant as to
have no bearing on social, business or
political life, is in a measure to be
expected; but in Oregon, where we
are in so many ways vitally interested
in every phase of the forestry ques
tion, every citizen ought to have an
intelligent grasp of the subject.
While we have reserves within sight
of the city of Portland, many of the
residents of the city have no' idea that
about one-fourth of the state is em
braced in the forest reserves. Of the
61,068,480 acres of land in Oregon
15,442,587' acres are included in the
seventeen National forests of the
fctate. Four of these forests. Crater.
Klamath. Siskiyou and Wenaha. ex
tend into other states, but the figures
given include only the area in Ore
gon. The smallest forest in the state is
Umatilla, which contains 486. 183
acres: but, when one remembers that
Rhode Island has an area of but 682.
8 80 acres, it will be seen that tne
small Umatilla forest is of much sig
nificance. Each of the other forests,
lying entirely in Oregon, is larger
than Rhode Island. Five of them
contain more than a million acres
each, and the largest, the Deschutes,
has an area of 30,886 acres more than
the area of the state of Delaware.
All of the Oregon forests combined
have an area just a shade over three
times the size of the state of Massa
chusetts. Last year livestock grazing in the
National forests of .Oregon numbered
140.861 cattle. 772,224 sheep, 9771
horses and about 1100 hogs. That
stock owners must be well satisfied
with conditions prevailing is -evident
from the fact that the capacity in
1916, as reckoned by the Chief For
ester and his experts, was almost ap
proached by the' actual number of
stock grazed. Again there is now
quite a premium reckoned for a graz
ing permit. We do not mean that
such permits can bo bartered and
sold. The Government is strict about
that; but a stockman having a graz
ing permit can sell his herd to better
advantage than if he were without 'a
permit.
Another thing that makes forest
grazing popular is the absolute fair
ness with which the business is con
ducted. A herd enjoys a permit so
long as bills are paid and there is no
other friction, no matter if it changes
ownership. On the other hand, a
newly organized herd cannot get a
permit until all the herds formerly
grazed are looked after. Influence,
pull," graft nothing of the kind
cuts a figure.
The grazing prices charged vary
slightly in different sections of the
country, and even in the different for
ests. Generally speaking, the rates
are about as follows: Horses, per
year, $1; cattle, per year. SO cents;
sheep, per year, 20 cents. Most of
the stock, however, is grazed for
shorter periods, through what is
usually called the grazing season.
The short-term rates are decided by
dividing the yearly rate by ten, the
sum thus reached being the monthly
rate.
The National forests are with us to
stay. Belief in a safe and sane way
of administering our forest affairs is
rapidly growing in the minds of all
the people in the country. The peo
ple of the forest states are entitled to
have a sane and efficient manner of
administering forestry affairs. That
they are getting it, that the livestock
industry is encouraged, and that tour
ists attracted by their advancing ac
cessibility are all a partial recom
pense for the severance of a vast area
from possibility of settlement and
complete development.
NEED OF THE FUTURE.
Bishop Carroll, of Helena, saw
clearly the need of the future when
he issued an appeal to young men not
to neglect their opportunities for high
er education this year. "Too many of
our boys," he said, "are satisfied with
the knowledge that enables them to
manipulate the plow and the harrow
and the reaper. But if we are to feed
ourselves and our allies during . the
coming years, our farmers' boys in
vastly increasing numbers must fit
themselves by higher education to
solve the problems- of the scientific
culture of the soil."
It would not be economy in the end
to neglect education for any tem
porary advantage that might be
gained. We shall need knowledge of
scientific methods more than ever in
the future, whether fate holds war or
peace in store for us. All during the
time that Europe is being restored,
we shall be called upon to help in the
work. This is not confined to farm
ers, but the rule holds good in every
vocation. Broad vision and wide sym
pathies. Bishop Carroll points out, will
be essential, as-well as craftsmanship,
and they are the possessions of edu
cated men and women. The day has
gone by for the man who is content
to fit himself for nothing better than
to work with his hands.
In any event, the great work to be
done will call for directing heads, and
modern methods' and labor-saving
management. The door of opportun
ity is only beginning to open to the
trained man. The colleges, now about
to resume their activities, have lost
heavily in the upper classes, whose
members have heard the call to ac
tion, but there ought for the good of
the country to be a heavy freshman
enrollment. The youngsters can serve
their country well by sticking to their
books and laboratories for a while
longer.
MORTALITY OF THE DRAFTED.
The high importance of training for
soldiers is shown by the fact that the
rate of mortality among troops actual
ly engaged in fighting is much lower
than it was at the beginning of the
war. Roger Babson, the statistician,
estimates the number of killed on the
side of the allies at only about six
in one hundred, and the wounded at
fifteen in the hundred. Nearly all
the wounded, it is well known, re
cover sufficiently to return to the
front. The day has passed wheu dis
ease killed more than bullets. Sani
tation has made really wonderful
strides. Epidemics incidental to camp
life are virtually unknown.
The percentage of deaths in the
army is actually lower than the rate
in peace times at home, among men
of the same ages as those at the
front. This is due to the fact that
although the mortality in a charge
may be exceedingly high, it is offset
by the vigorous outdoor life led by
the men, which improves their gen
eral health. It must also be borne
in mind that the physically unfit
have been eliminated in the recruit
ing. Mr,. Babson has found by exam
ination 'of the statistics that an artil
lerist is in no greater danger of being
killed than a workman on an Amer
ican railroad. An infantryman while
passing over No Man's Land in the
actual charge on the enemy's works
is in great peril of his life, but this
does not constitute a large part of
his duty. He may be in real action
less than one day a month, on the
average.
It has also been shown that the
mortality among drafted men is much
lower than that of volunteer organ
izations. The British troops in the
early stages of the war, and the Cana
dians and Colonials, suffered proba
bly the heaviest, losses in proportion
to numbers engaged of any of the
forces on either side. But these
losses have been greatly reduced
since conscription became effective.
Conscripts have made good soldiers.
but in practice they have managed
to preserve a nicer balance between
judgment and enthusiasm. This has
proved effective in gaining ground
and has operated favorably in the
conservation of man power, the im
portar.ee of which is being recog
nized on all sides. The longer 'the
war continues, the stronger has been
the desire to avoid useless sacrifice.
Experience in the protection of the
soldier and the care of tho wounded
is beginning to count. Gas attacks
are being handled more and more
scientifically.
Everyone will hope that Mr. Bab
son is a true prophet when he pre
diets that the war will continue only
until the United States has 10.000 air
planes and several hundred thousand
troops in France. Until this is ac
complished, the Prussian leaders may
be able to delude the German people
with the notion that our participation
in the war is not serious, and mean
while there will be constant repetition
of efforts to canse dissension among
the allies and to start peace move
ments based upon a. fraction of the
Kaiser party's original expectations.
Meanwhile, too, the campaign of
the British. French and Italians and
the Incidental assistance of the Rus
sians on the southeastern front are
wearing down the central powers and
weakening their morale. There would
seem to be sound reasons for believ
ing the- presence, of a, truly effective
American army in Europe, self-supporting
on its own bases, and pre
pared to join in a crushing drive will
bring the Prussian party to its senses,
even before the blow is delivered. It
is partly for this reason that no effort
should be spared that will deliver and
equip such a force. ' Decisive action
may reasonably be expected to reduce
the mortality rate among our own
drafted men to a negligible minimum.
Delay, on the other hand, is certain
to prolong the war.
Every man at home who delays the
organization and equipment of our
Army is an ally of the casualty list.
This applies as much to the LaFol
lettes of the Senate as to the I. W. W.
in lumber mills and grain fields. If
is wholly to be expected that our reg
ulars now in France, and perhaps
some of the later arrivals, will see
real fighting, but there is an excellent
chance, if we are whole-hearted in
our work of preparation, that the men
now being called under the selective
draft will get little more out of the
service than a wholesome adventure,
a valuable experience and an educa
tion that will be highly beneficial to
them.
This depends, as has been said, on
the people at home. The paramount
duty of Americans who want to see
their armies come home intact is to
back them up with every time-saving.
result-producing resource at their
command. - - -
The utter impossibility of getting
away from the modes, where the in
terests of women are concerned, is
illustrated by a recent meeting in
Boston to study food conservation.
The newspaper accounts give as
much space to the "Hoover costume"
worn by the demonstrator as to the
methods she employed in cooking to
save waste. The Hoover costume is
made of blue chambray, with collar,
cuffs and cap of white pique, but it
was acknowledged to be exceedingly
becoming to the young woman who
wore it. The apron has capacious
pockets, which make for utility, and
a cross-over belt, which enables It to
be folded over the other side out in
the event that it has been discolored
by the spattering of fruit juice. A
seal was worn on the cap and sleeve
and at the throat, which "gave a
jaunty and patriotic finish to the
humble piece of housekeepers' ap
parel." The uniform is no more ex
pensive for being attractive and the
consciousness of being well-dressed,
even In the kitchen, adds to the pleas
ure of domestic work.
Agitation for a 6-cent piece to make
it handy to pay a 6-cent streetcar
fare in some cities and to buy a 6
cent loaf of bread in others might
have been expected, for we have been
educated to expect every sort of "con
venience, real and imaginary. ine
theory is that the man who now puts
a nickel on tne DaKery counter, or
hands one to the car conductor, will
be delayed unnecessarily if he is com
pelled to wait for the change from a
dime or a quarter, and that the giving
of .four pennies with every 6-cent
transaction will call out an undesir
able quantity of copper coin. There
is something to be said on the latter
score, but it is a question whether so
many people who spend a nickel are
ready- with the exact change as is
commonly supposed. The 6-cent coin
is probably a long way off, as also
is tho half-cent piece, for which there
has lately been a renewed demand.
based on the campaign for thrift and
the increased necessity for saving in
little things if wo are to make ends
meet.
It Is a Massachusetts Senator who
proposes a $1 tax on every dog in the
country. You would not find a Mis
souri Senator doing such a thing.
The man who used to hog all the
bread on the restaurant table and
call for more butter has reformed.
The cashier showed him how.
The man who has a big pile of
slabwood is to be envied, rather than
oppressed, because the fuel offends
esthetic ideas of the beautiful.
That movie actor whose bank ac
count prevented him from obtaining
exemption is probably cursing the
man who invented thrift.
It does look rather hard to compel
a little wife of 25 to support herself
while a husky male brute ten years
older i3 not called.
Germany is evidently willing to
have peace thrust upon her, but just
now she is not getting quite what she
counted on.
Mexico is being good and will Etay
good. There is nothing for her abroad
and her big neighbor - has a large
size army.
The fighting is tremendous on the
western line, and America is not in,
but there will be great openings by
and by.
The special officer in Curry County
who searched the Governor's car for
booze wanted to show he was on the
job.
Go right down the line. Mr. Mayor,
and stop all the gambling to the least
of it, always the most insidious.
The latest scare is poisoned to
bacco' sent to soldiers. Some "to
baccos" smoke that way.
What superior class of bone Is In
the head of the man who proposed
buttons for the exempt?
Generals Haig and Petain seem to
be keeping right .t tho job of giving
the enemy no rest.
If yon cannot go to the coast, a
swim at one of the resorts is ex
hilarating. Any householder can imagine an
earthquake when a . heavy truck
passes.
Dish cloths, like charity, begin at
home and the boys at Clackamas need
them.
There is some class to the electrical
workers, who ask for a dollar a. day
more.
Eschewing bread and eating pie for
breakfast is not conserving wheat.
Nothing but Bull Run water goes
into ice hereafter.
The I. W. W. spirit is pervading the
state prisons.
Bear In mind tomorrow la -a meat
less day.
Stars and Starmakers.
By Leone Cass) Baer.
BILLINGS. Mont.. Xng. 18. I know a
lotta actors who need give themselves
no uneasiness over this income tax
proposition. There's no tax on one's
imagination.
a
They have a policeman here In Bil
lings 93 years old. Nothing like a
steady Job and lots of sleep to promote
longevity.
Whenever I read an article in which
some chorus dame splashes around in
print about the simple beauty of life in
the country, I know that her concep
tion invariably includes a roadster, a
limousine, a wine cellar, a natatorium
and a pleasant adjacent country club
with a cabaret.
a
"The gown should match the face."
says Madame Petrova in a late chat.
Ah, yes, Petrova, but just think of some
of the gowns if this rule were to be
made mandatory. Just thjnk!
Got to hand it to Billings for owning
one of the most ultra-super-hyper-
modern young men in captivity. Up to
the moment of going to press he takes
precedence over anyone I ever heard
of in the matter of wide-awakeness
and Ingenuity of method In doing away
with a rival. In the well-known olden
days the swain who found himself get
ting the worst of It in an affair of the
heart went out and poked a sword
through a vital, spot In his rival's an
atomy. When the modern young man
can think of nothing better he goes out
and licks his rival by way of getting
even. Not so this young Lothario in
Billings. All he did was to have the
more successful suitor arrested on the
charge that he is a married man and
using false pretenses in his love niak
ing.
Was he married? you ask. No, in
deedy. That's where the super-hyper-ultra
ingenuity of the first young man
comes in. The rival wasn't married,
but his arrest was enough. The girl In
the case will never, never believe he
isn't married' not now. Her suspicions
have been aroused and you all know
what that means. Rather mean trick,
you' say? Oh, well, remember the old
adage, "All's fair in war."
Most of the people I notice running
around swatting the fly used to get
them by tho surer if slower method of
simply keeping their mouths open.
m
"Very Good Eddie" was here last
Saturday night and did a record busi
ness. The local reviewer was "sur
prised to And it had a real plot." I'm
always curious to know what difference
a plot makes in a Summer show. If the
girls are good-looking, the music
sprightly and tuneful and the lines
smart, absolutely nothing more is
needed excepting a thousand dollars'
worth of ice water between acts and a
lotta fans and ice cream or water
melon at home on the kitchen table
after the show is over.
Kind words may be more than coro
nets, but they don't get a millionth the
attention in the daily print.
Personally, my primal Instinct on be
ing introduced to a coronet-wearer
would be to kick its owner's shins.
Naturally it .was a bit rough on that
actres3 who was choked to death with
her diamond necklace, but what a real
ly grand way to die. girls.
An exchange tells of a young woman
with a largo yearning to shine in a
chorus, who applied to Andreas Dippel
for a position in a musical comedy he
was producing.
"To sing in a chorus of mine." said
Mr. Dippel, "you must have a good
voice."
"Oh, but I have one," replied the girl.
Mr. Dippel led her to the piano and
asked her to demonstrate her vocal
powers. Sitting at the instrument and
then swinging around, she smiled
sweetly and asked:
."Shall I sing 'The Chairs in the Por
lor All Miss You,' or something light?"
iieres anotner. from an exchange, or
you might say eggs-change:
Oscar Hammer-stein, in discussing the
philosophy of chickens, said the other
day that when he was making arrange
ments for a season of comic opera some
years ago at his old theater on Thirty
fourth streot, a lady called Aurelia
Henn secured from him, after diligent
scratching, an appointment to hear her
sing. At the fated hour he was in his
private room and his music director
came up to him and said: "Miss Henn
is on the stage, Mr. Hammerstein, and
has begun to cackle."
Sob sister arises to query, "Ah. what
can be deader than an old love letter
taken from a man's pocket by his wife
in the long ago before he'd even had a
chance to post it?"
Dunno what could be deader unless
!t was some yet older love letter that
be had actually posted to tho wife in
question.
Another art from the repertoire of
the famous Washington Square Players
is scheduled for vaudeville shortly. It
is "Moondown," written by John Reed,
a Portlandcr, and will be played by
Regina Connelli and Ruby Craven. Miss
Craven played the rolo in the original
production.
A letter forwarded to mo here from a
"Eugene correspondent" asks for my
"definition of a woman's sense of hu
mor." Let's see. Gimme time to think. It's
that quality which every daughter
of Eve feels to be excess baggage In
herself because she lives in a cold,
queer world where not other woman
alive has any.
The report to the effect that Eddie
Foy contemplated returning to musical
comedy is settled for the time being, at
any rate. The younger Foys will not
be put in camphor and they don't see
any reason why pa should desert them
so that he could cavort with other ac
tors and actresses who are not mem
bers of the family. Eddie and his off
spring have now been engaged for an
Orpheum tour, which began August 12.
The famous father will be seen as "The
Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe" and
the other Foylets will characterize the
other roles in the nursery rhyme.
Coupl got married here last week
and at the services an esthetic dancer.
I don't know of which sex, preceded
'em up the aisle doing one of these
chemise-clad barefoot dances. I reckon
the pair expect their married life to be
one grand sweet cabaret.
They've changed the old line to read
"The hen that lays the golden egg."
Whenever a girl tells you her beau
is "so genteel." you can gamble he's a
"sent.:
CO-OPERATIOV WILL WI.V WAR
Duty of Americana Emphailzcd in
Present Critical Hour.
EUGENE, Or., Aug. 20. (To the Edi
tor.) Much has been said or tne
bravery of the young men who nao
enlisted for the great war. Much, too,
is being voluntarily done for their
comfort and safety. We. out of whose
homes they go appreciate all this, ana
yet some of us cannot help thinking
that in some ways things are not
wholly as they should be.
Some things seem to have been prac
tically demonstrated:
1. That man for man the British and
French equal the Germans as fighting
men.
2. That now, at least. In material
equipment, guns, ammunition, etc., the
British and French armies equal the
German. And yet,
3. When we see the Germans hold
ing the eastern Iorrc against the Rus
sians and the western against the
British. French and Belgians, we can
not avoid the impression that, propor
tionately, in effective war power the
Germans do surpass their Western op
ponents. The reason of this dominance In ef
fectiveness seems not difficult to find.
Germany has mobilized the entire re-
sources of her empire, men and ma
terial. She permits no diversion of ef
fort, no interference with her work to
accomplish her one end. On the other
hand, how much of the highest govern
mental energy, England, for instance,
has had to turn from real war to se
curing enlistments, composing differ
ences with labor and suppressing po
litical uprising' and agitations. Grad
ually England has been forced from
half-way measures to a more complete
mobilization of her resources. Must
we go through a like series of protests,
delays and half-way measures, to be at
last staggered by awful losses into a
thorough preparation for our work?
What Germany is doing is thus
stated by one of her officials:
The war office represents Germany as a
colossal firm controlling: production of every
kind. It is indifferent to the kind of coat.
civil or military, its employes wear. The
whole war is becoming: more and more a
question of labor, and to give the army a
firm basis for its operations the domestic
forces must be mobilized.
To the same effect is the following
from a war correspondent:
The most extreme example of German
paternalism is her recent step in establish
ing universal compulsory labor for all able-
bodied men behind the front. Ail men of
military age who are unfit to bear arms and
all men over military age but under tio will
be put In charge of the War Office.
Hundreds of thousands of men heretofore
in munitions factories will be released for
service at the front.
Thus It appears that all available
man power in Germany Is government-
ally used for war purposes and put
where it will be most effective. As we
know, both food production and food
consumption are also in governmental
control. In comparison with what Gcr
many has already in active, efficient
war service, how meager seems what
we have attempted, not to mention ac
complished, in our four months of war.
German control of men, at the same
time, prevents strikes and war discus
sion that would embarrass her govern
ment. It is thus against a highly in
telligent, highly organized, desperate
foe that we are to send our young men.
Not only is no similar preparation be
ing made by us, but there is an abund
ant evidence of coming industrial dif
ficulties that cannot fail to halt war
preparation and the support of our
armies. And as if that, were not
enough, a small minority insists on
public discussion of war aims, terms of
peace, and of criticism of the wa
hopes of some of our allies. These
trouble makers seem to be more con
cerned that Germany may get out of
the trouble she has brought on the
world without much hurt to herself
than that we should win.
What would have been thought of
Washington and his compatriots if
they had refused the help of France in
our Revolution until the French Gov
rnment had categorically affirmed that
love of human freedom and not hatred
of England controlled them? A good
cause is not so easily damned as some
people think. The results of the Revo
lutionary struggle seem to have been
world wide and wonderfully benefi
cent notwithstanding any 'possible
moral obliquity on the part of Franco.
Mind. V am not saying that the war
aims of any of our allies have been or
are bad, but I am trying to say that in
a great struggle for world good it is
foolish to refuse help, and that we can
safely trust those who will have sacri
ficed greatly for world peace and
world freedom in their hour of triumph
not to stain their heroism by ignoble
terms imposed on the vanquished. Can
wo think for a moment' that the most
humane nations of the earth, having
overthrown Prussian militarism at al
most infinite cost, would then dictate
a Prussian peace?
Finally, I want to thank The Ore
gonian for all that it is so ably saying
for prompt, thorough and sufficient
war preparation. S. D. ALLEN.
-MY tADDIE."
Where Is my laddie with eyes of blue
And hair of softest brown?
I heard the bugle calling.
It sounded through the town.
I hear the. tramp of many feet,
I see my laddie fair;
He's going away across the sea
To the land of do and dare.
How grand he looks, my laddie;
How noble, and so tall;
He's brave, I know, my laddie;
He answered to the call.
And when he's gone out yonder.
Each night I'll say a prayer
For every boy that's fighting
In the land of do and dare.
You've gone away, my laddie;
I hear your echoing feet;
The band is playing "Auld Lang Sync";
It sounds so sad and sweet.
Come back, come back, my laddie,
When you've conquered over there.
And leave a breath of freedom
In the land of do and dare.
HELEN WAY-CRAWFORD.
Pendleton, Or.
AMMoeiatlon to Kneourage Art.
ASHLAN'D, Or.. Aug. 21. (To the
Editor.) Flense tell me whether there
is in Portland an art association, art in
stitute or otier place, where competi
tive exhibits aro held. If so. where
are they? ESTHER WIIITED.
The Portland Art Museum, Fifth and
Taylor streets, will be glad to answer
any questions.
Mrs. Alice Welsfer. art chairman for
the Federated Clubs might give you
information of the character you want.
Her address is 653 East Fifteenth
street North, Portland.
If Idaho.
PORTLAND. Aug. 22. fTo thfl Edi
tor.) The following was published in
The Oregonian several years ago. I
suggest it as the slogan of the I.
W. w.:
I'd go and hoe th (trowing: com If Idaho,
I'd hoe till dusk from early morn if Idaho;
Put since such work Is hard for men
And women like to work, why, then let
Idaho.
MELISSA UVEDALIA.
Cirnerals of I". S. Army.
PORTLAND. Aug. 22. (To the Edi
tor.) Can you tell me how many Gen
erals there have been in" the history of
the United States to the present time?
J. F. ENDICOTT.
Four have held the title of full
General In the U. S. Army: George
Washington, 1798 to 1799; Ulysses S.
Grant, 1S64 to 1R63; William T. Sher
man, 1869 to 1883; Philip H. Bheridan,
1883 to 18S8.
In Other Days.
Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonian of August 23, 186T.
The match game between the Pioneer
and the Occidental baseball clubs was"
played in the city- yesterday, com
mencing at 11:49 A. M. and closing at
3:19 P. M. "The Pioneers secured 66
runs and the Occidentals 32. The gams
was witnessed throughout by a great
number of ladies and gentlemen.
New York A duel took place at .
Weehawken. Shots were exchanged
but nothing serious resulted. The
cause of it was- a woman.
Kansas City The cornerstone of the
Cameron bridge across the Missouri
was laid today with Masonic ceremo
nies. Five thousand people were pres
ent from the neighboring towrji.
The old warehouse of Messrs. Couch
and- Flanders, about midway of their
wharf, an old landmark, has been torn'
down to enable the proprietors to re
pair their wharf and to build a new
and more commodious warehouse.
Punta Rosa, Florida The Cuban sub
marine cable has been successfully
spliced and works well.
Twenty-five Years Ako. . .
From The Oregonian of August 23. 1S92.
Washington Ten days from now the
Internal Revenue Bureau will enter
upon its first experience in registering'
and photographing all Chinese resi
dents in this country, with many doubts
and misgivings. . ,
San Francisco Chris Evans and
John Sontag. the Visalia train robbers.
have escaped over the Sierras and) are
now bound for the Colorado River.
Major Handbury. United States En
gineers, has returned from Cascade
Locks. There is no one at work there
except Lieutenant Taylor and a force
of draftsmen who are working on the
plans and specifications of all the
work necessary to complete the canal.
An "Inquirer" wants to know why,
the public street sweeper postpones his
work on week nights until a late hour
when the streets are deserted and on "
Sunday nights appears at 8 o'clock,
when the streets are thronged with
people, whom he drives off with his
dust-raising machine.
Work has not yet begun on the Ter
minal Company's grand central pas
senger station, although, a week ago
it looked as if everything was in
readiness for a commencement.
Retailer Not Getting; Rich.
PORTLAND. Aug. 22. (To the Ed-.'
itor.) Following are a few figures on
pork which might be of interest to your
readers at this time when there is so
much discussion of the high cost of liv
ing and the exorbitant prices being paid
for meats.
The following are the retail prices on
pork purchased by me from the Union
Meat Company' yesterday.
One hop. weight 114 pounds, price 22Hc
?lT.ti.'t. divided as follows:
1M pounds shoulder (feet on) C4c. . $
1 8 1 pound loins. :;nc fl. .".."
V. pounds Ipks tfet on). -.c 7. IX
13 's pounds sido. 2Sc
41 pounds trimmings tsausage). JOc
pound kidneys
31 ' pounds hf-ad. Sr
" pounds sp:ire ribs. 1-
!Oit pounds fat ti'l skin, l.'n-
1 pounds shrinkage
114 pounds, total f:.V7
Showing a net gain of 14 cents for
the retailer. 10. H. DEER Y.
The "II. C. of I.."
To keep alive these strenuous days
It surely is no joke.
The poor man can't make both ends
meet.
And the rich will soon bo broke.
Jut go into a grocery store
To buy the things you nfd,
You'll soon find out it's best for you.
To think before you eat.
For prices sour and rise each day, .
And the end is not in sight.
There's nothing which did not advance
Unless it's air and lieht.
And coal and wood and oil and such
At prices now they sell
Which make us wish when Winter
comes
That we all might live In Nogales,
Mexico.
O.
Seaside, Or.. Aug. 2".
Army Social Diatiiictioo.
PORTLAND. Aug. '22. (To the ErlN
tor.) Phasc advise whether by custom
or by law a soldier or sailor, not an
officer, can or cannot go into a grill
or any other place of entertainment or
a dancing party where he must asso-'
ciato or talk to superior officers and
b treated on :. par with such officers.
Does custom regulate this or what?
V. E. T.
Officers and men of the service cus
tomarily do net meet socially, although '
the lines of demarcation well under
stood and accepted fully by the service -cannot
readily be reduced to a bric-C.
statement.
Sumpter ltl erd of Aid.
PUMPTER. Or.. Aug. 21. (To the '.
Editor.) Tho firo relief committee of
Sunipter is confronted with the impres-'
sion a.t outside points that the needs
of the people are well attended to, and
that outside aid is not needed.
This is. so far from the fact that the
committee desires to protest most ur
gently against such idea. Sumpter in- '
in great need, especially of money to
overcome the difficulties before them..
Send nil money help to the Citizens''
National Bank. Baker, rir.
J. W. LA BAU,
Mayor City of Sumpter.
Relief committee: L. C. Edwards,
Rev. R. C. Lee. 1 1. E. llendryx.
fontpnHNPN for Soldier. '-,'
AMITY. Or.. Aug. 21. (To the Edl-.-
tor.) Please tell nie where it will be
possible to obtain a "cavalry school"
compass? These, coinpusses aro made '
with luminous face and are very reli
able, just the. thing for a parting gift'
to a soldier friend. SUBSCRIBER.
Compasses such aw are used in Army
schools may be obtained from any
house which furnishes officers' equip
ment. Write to M. C. Lilley & Co., of"
Columbus, O., stating requirements. 6r
to any other military supplies con
cern. Soldierw Must Be Vaccinated.
RE EDS PORT, Or.. Aug. 21. (To th
Editor.) Kindly state whether it is
compulsory for a soldier to be vaccinat
ed and take the serum injections for
typhoid?
If a man seriously objects to thes
treatments is he obliged to take- them
anyway? SUBSCRIBER.
The vaccine Inoculations against
typhoid are compulsory and no option
is left to the soldier. The safety of
his comrades, as well as his own,
held to depend upon the treatment.
i3
Olvll Serrlce Information.
OREGON CITY. Or.. Aug. St. (To"
the Editor.l Please state when civil
service examinations for postal rlerks
will be held. Where can one write to
get information, as to what subjectj
they will be examined in?
A READER.
Write to M. K. Wlgton. PostotflcV
building, Portland. Qg,