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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 28, 1917)
lO THE 3IORXING OKEGONIAN, SATURDAY, JULY 2S, 1917. PORTLAIH), OREGON. Enttred at Portland (Oregon), Poitoffles econd-clasa mall matter. Eubicrlptlon rates Invariably In advancal By Mall.) rft!ly, Bandar included, one year Daily, Sunday Included, six month Dally, Sunday Included, three months ... Daily, Sunday Included, one month ..... Daily, without Sunday, one year "-J? Dally, without Sunday, three months Dally, without Sunday, one month ...... Veekly, one year J-g" feunday. one year .............- 22)1 Sunday and weekly 8 By Carrier.) - M Dully, Sunday Included, owe year ....... Dally. Sunday Included, one month ..... Daily, without Sunday, one year Dally, without Sunday, three months l-J" Daily, without Sunday, one month ...... -?V Weekly, one year 2-$J Sunday, one year .......... ... .......... ?'5a Sunday and weekly 8-B0 Mow to Remit Send poetofflce money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give postofflce address in full. Including- county and state. Font a ice Katee 12 to 16 pases. 1 cent: 18 to 82 paces. 2 cents: 84 to 48 pases, 8 cents; to to 60 paces, 4 cents; 62 to 76 paces, o cents; 78 to 82 paces. 6 cents. Foreign post ace double rates. Eastern Business Office Verrea Conklln. Brunswick building-. New Tork; Verree Conklln, Steser bulldlnc. Chicago; San Fran cisco representative. K. J. Bldwell. 742 Mar lct street. PORTLAND. SATURDAY. JCXY 28, 1917. LIBERTY. The simple Russian moujlk Is hav ing trouble assimilating his newly won liberty. No wonderl Others before him have found It difficult to draw the line between individual rights and duty to one's fellow-men. Men trained to think would not find It easy to define true liberty In a sentence: and the moujlk Is not a thinker. He has had no practice In past centuries. An Idea of his perplexity In the present situa tion may be obtained from the fol lowing extract from a colloquy be tween two moujika reported In a dls t Jiatch from Fetrograd: "What Is liberty?" "No one knows exactly, bat It Is very, .trery great." "Greater than Russlaf "By the side of liberty, "Russia Is quite -tittle. ' "And is liberty also -vodka T Yes. "Liberty is everything;. " "Then why haven't we had voaka since yesterday 7" "Because liberty forbids it." It Is plain to ns, but not so clear . to the less experienced, that until the millennium arrives liberty must con tinue to be a relative term. The for mal definition, "Freedom from sub jection to the will of another," does not meet the practical requirements of any state of society which It is now possible for us to imagine. For wher ever the paths of two or more per sons cross, there must be recognition of mutual obligation, and concessions and willingness to be of service. Mil ton said: License they mean when they cry, Liberty! lor who loves that must first be wise and good. Daniel Webster was right when he said that "liberty exists in proportion to wholesome restraint," and the ob ligations that liberty entails were pointed out by Curran, who declared that the indolent ought not to expect to preserve their rights. "The condi tion upon which God hath given lib erty to man is eternal vigilance; which condition, if he break, servitude is the consequence of his crime and punish ment of his guilt." Pope wanted his hollow tree, his crust of bread and liberty; but Pope was a satirist. For folk who do not live in hollow trees, liberty Is much more complicated. It distinctly Is not license to do everything; one pleases, regardless of the liberty of others. The moujiks will learn their lesson In time. So, too, perhaps will the Prus sian junkers, who seem to be quite as much in need of education along those lines as the untutored former subjects of the Czar. THE GRAIN ELEVATOR SITE. The Portland Dock Commission has exercised sound Judgment In its selec tion of a site for the grain elevator and freight terminals. The site will be on deep water when dredging has pro vided the material required for the needed fill. It is large enough to leave room for expansion of the terminals as the growth of commerce demands. It will have connection with both of the railroads which come down the Columbia River gorge from the in terior grain belt. It is below all the Willamette River bridges, saving ves sels the trouble and risk of passing through a series of draws. Its prompt selection after the people had author ized the necessary bond issue gives assurance that the elevator will be completed in time to handle the crop of 1918, by which time Portland ship yards will have produced enough ves sels to carry our exports. As the port of Portland fronts on the Willamette River, the Commission has rightly located the elevator on that waterway. Some years must pass before the port's commerce will have Brown to the proportions which will require its facilities to occupy the Co lumbia River front. Had the Com mission elected to build on that front, its plant would have been isolated from the main part of the port's water traffic. The time may come when the Columbia River front must be used. but when it arrives the Commission will doubtless be able to secure sites at minimum cost, for the Columbia River frontage is the property of the state, which would not obstruct the development of its principal port by exacting a high price. If the Com mission were now to build on the Co lumbia and were afterward to turn to the Willamette for additional sites. it would find the cost of the latter, which is in private hands, to have enhanced in price. Thus It is true economy to build first on land which must be bought from private holders while that land can be bought at mod erate cost. No doubt need be entertained that there will be plenty of business for the elevator as soon as it is finished as me American part in the war grows larger, the food supplies shipped to Europe will increase in volume and the Pacific Northwest will furnish large proportion of them, while the railroads will be more occupied in carrying traffic which cannot go by water. Thus the volume of Portland's ocean traffic will Increase under dou ble pressure, and the Columbia River grain fleet will be greater than ever. Its growth will be stimulated by the production, next door to the elevator, of ships which can take their first cargoes there. The longshorewoman has arrived in New Tork. About fifty of the women in the various clerical departments of the Bush Terminal have been trained to take the places of men, 70 per cent of whom are eligible for military service. Wearing blue overalls, jump ers and black caps with visors, they showed much agility in running big trucks, cranes and electric engines and in handling freight, climbed rig Sing and roofs and did all manner of stunts. It Is generally supposed that longshore work requires more strength than most women possess, but use of machinery in freight han dling may be increased to the point where nearly all work may be done by moving a lever. The dainty but agile and muscular longshorewoman may soon be the heroine of a novel in which by a trick of jiu jitsu she will put the burly villain on his back. THE TOLL. From almost every block in the city of Eugene, one boy will co. From some blocks there will be five and six. Fifteen homes in Lane County will send two sons, and one will send three. It is colnc to be hard for these fathers and mothers. They are glvlng more to their country than the boys. Willingly and gladly ss they make the sacri fice, it Is not without suffering; of a sort which only a parent can understand. Tears under such circumstances are not a slcn of weakness. They sprlnc from emotion In which there Is strength to overcome sorrow; In which there Is Joy as well as sadness. Love of family and love of country will meet on the threshold of every home from which a boy will co to war this week. The worthi ness of one Is the worthiness of the other." Eucena Guard. Here la the story of war, or one of its most significant phases, reduced to terms of exact understanding. It shows why Eugene has more than a general Interest In the great European struggle. The relation of Eugene Is now Intimate, direct, personal. It will continue to be until Eugene is to learn the fate of the valiant sons sent to the front. There are thousands of communities throughout the land, and more thou sands of homes, which will await with poignant concern the dispatch of news from the war zone. What message of glory or of grief It will bring they are many of them to know. With Its sons and brothers actually serving the cause of humanity, In the cloud and fire of battle, America will learn that its part in the war is not to be measured merely in liberty loans, or Red Cross service, or pa triotic meetings, or food conservation schemes, or objurgations of the Kaiser. ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION. Oregon has been free in recent times from labor disputes such as have con vulsed Seattle, Tacoma and the lum ber regions of Puget Sound and Southwestern Washington, though it is true that there have been sporadic outbreaks of I. W. W. mischief and malice in certain sections of the state. We agree with Governor Withycombe that the violence and rancor of the I. W. W. propaganda will defeat its own ends. There Is a notion that the Industrial Workers of the World thrive on publicity, and doubtless it is well founded; but the greatest cureall for the evils of I. W. W.-lsm Is, after all, an exact common understanding of Its principles and activities. Governor Withycombe's proposal for a board of conciliation and arbl tration is timely and wise. The tern per of the public is distinctly against labor and wage disputes now, and it is favorable to any plan of arrange ment and adjustment that will at least tide over the war period. Undoubtedly employer and employe alike are In ac cord with that sentiment, and will re spond to any reasonable -and practic able plan to make it effective. Gov ernor Withycombe has offered such a plan for Oregon. It is to be observed that Governor Withycombe does not propose merely formation of a board for purposes of arbitration. Its other function is to be conciliation. There are thus to be both arbitration and conciliation; and we should say that the latter is even more important than the former. There are to be three representa tives of labor and three of capital, or the employing class, on the board We assume that they are to be se lected by the Governor, though he asks employers and employes each to name three candidates. Clearly, the Gover nor must exercise his high preroga. tive of determining finally the fitness of the members. There is danger oth erwlse that it will not be a judicial tribunal, but mere spokesmen of class interests. That would be fatal. BACK TO THE 'WOODEN SMTP. We may hope, now that the sources of discord have been removed from the Shipping Board, to see the subject approached with an open mind, as it was when the Board began hearings as a preliminary to adoption of a pro gramme. The proportion of wooden to steel ships may now be fixed ac cording to the available supply of ma terial and labor for each type, to the speed of construction and to the util ity of each for the present emergency. The erroneous ideas of General Goet hals that the choice was between the two materials with regard to their merits under normal conditions, that wooden ships built of green timber wbuld have short life and would be racked to pieces by machinery, may be dismissed, and a new decision may be reached In accordance with the facts developed by the Board at its hearings. Although General Goethals yielded to pressure so far that he doubled the number of wooden ships which he originally contemplated, he placed his chief reliance on steel. The scarcity and high price of that material and the urgent need of it for other war purposes dictate that Its use in ships should be limited, if other material can serve the immediate purpose and is not subject to these limitations. Timber fills these requirements. The supply is abundant, both on the Southern and Pacific coasts, labor can quickly acquire the skill requisite to its use and construction of a ship can be completed much sooner than with steel. The theory that seasoned timber is necessary for a durable ship was ex ploded by the Board before General Goethals took charge of its work. Shipbuilders told the Board that, the common practice s to season timber under water, that salt water will drive the sap out of a stick of timber, and that any wood which comes in contact with 6alt water will never rot. East ern shipbuilders salt vessels down to the 'water line, and in Government ships the space between the outer hull and the Inner skin is to be packed with salt to prevent the fungus growth which causes rot. Green timbered ships are classified as having a life of fifteen years, and some builders estimate that heart yellow pine will last twenty to twenty-five years, Douglas fir will certainly last as long. When a ship built recently at a South ern yard earned in freight more than half its cost on its first voyage to Europe and sold there for twice its cost, wooden ships are seen to be good business, if they had a much shorter life. With these facts before it, the Board should not hesitate to return to its original plan of building a thousand wooden ships in addition to as many steel ships as the condition of the steel market warrants. It should also revise standard plans, so as to place machinery aft instead of amidships, for by so doing It will save much val uable cargo space which is to be oc cupied by the ballast tank, the shaft tunnel and the longitudinal bulkheads in the lower hold, and will make the ships more useful as lumber-carriers after the war. When a level-headed business man like Mr. Hurley is chairman and a veteran shipbuilder like Admiral Capps Is in charge of construction. there should be no difficulty in agree ing on a practical programme and turning out a fleet which will swamp the submarines in another year. FROM AN UNKNOWN VISITOR. During the dark hours of the night. some anonymous prowler left in the corridors of The Oregonian office a handbill on prohibition. To the naked eye the sheet appears to be about twenty inches long by twelve inches wide and of the usual thickness or lack of It. On one side is printed a symposium from various newspapers of the country West Virginia, Maine, lrginia. South Carolina, Colorado, North Carolina, Kansas all opposing National prohibition as a rider to the food-conservation bill. All these dry extracts surround a cartoon from The Oregonian a hand some and pertinent pictorial interpre tation of the question as it appeared recently to the Cartoonist and The Oregonian. National prohibition is represented as a camel, and he has his feet in the food-control basket, and there are various suggestive acces sories intended to develop the idea that the foolish beast had by mistake got into the wrong stall and muddled things up. The wet publishers, or editors, of the handbill would have it appear that The Oregonian, a paper printed In a dry state, is opposed to National prohibition. "The obvious inference," says the circular, "is that state-wide prohibition itself has not been suc cessful." - We suggest that our unknown and fearful publicists ignore The Orego nian and calf to the witness stand such expert witnesses as the captains and officers of some of the vessels plying to Portland and bringing in liquid cargoes as a side line, or some of the enterprising chauffeurs who have ventured across the state bound ary from California with a variety of assorted goods, or any other of the bootleggers now serving terms in jail for violating the law. They could a tale unfold that would interest and in struct plentifully. If they should de sire to stay mum, the record will speak for them. As to National prohibition, it is enough to say that The Oregonian ex pects it to come in time. Brother Reynolds' cartoon quite clearly was aimed at Introduction of prohibition into the food-control measure over the protest of the President. That is all. Now it seems important to the wets whoever they are to show that The Oregonian opposes prohibition on Its merits throughout the Nation. Hardly. The Oregonian Is not worrying much Just now over that question. It can well be postponed until after the war. But if its enactment will help win the war. The Oregonian is for it now. OUR LESSON. Warning should be taken from the terrible lesson which Russia Is learn ing. The gates were thrown open to every agent of division and dissension. In the choice of weapons Prussianism does not confine itself to guns, bombs, flaming liquid, poisonous gas, torpe does and other material things. One of its most potent weapons is the poi son which it pours into men's minds. Through the gates which Russia opened with the revolution, Germany poured swarms of agents who wielded this insidious weapon. To the Socialist they preached internationalism, to the pacifist peace without annexation or indemnity, to any man any ideas which would cause disintegration of a nation newly risen to liberty. The result is seen in Galicta. Similar agents are working to the same end in this country. They In cite strikes for no valid cause, and where, strife is' smoldering, they fan it into a flame. Any man, employer or workman, who yields to these sug gestions, stirs up Industrial strife and stops the wheels of industry is a pub lic enemy and should be treated as such. By destroying sedition, Keren- sky may again put Russia in fighting trim, but this country must not reach the same pass as Russia. This generation must practice the great virtue which was learned in the Revolution and in the Civil War and which has been learned by France, Britain, Italy, Russia, but most of all by Belgium and Serbia the virtue of sacrifice. SIXTEEN MODEL CITIES. The Government is now building sixteen model cities. The buildings will be cheap and temporary, but they will afford shelter against cold, heat and rain, and will be constructed on the most approved sanitary principles. well llgnted, heated to the right tem perature in Winter, and dry. They will be supplied with pure water and abundant baths. The streets will be wlde.well drained and firm surfaced. The "sewer system will be complete from the beginning; it will not be gradual, patchwork growth, as in cities which have "just growed." The inhabitants of these cities will not eat what they choose, in their, own houses, cooked In their own way. They will eat in common, and their food will be selected by experts for its body-building, strength-giving and sustaining qualities. It will be cooked according to rules laid down by the same authorities. Errors in diet and excessive indulgence of a liking for some article of food will not be permitted to cause disorders of the stomach. Each one will take abun dant physical exercise, calculated to build up the physique, and will take enough sleep at regular hours which nature intended for sleep. No Indul gence in alcoholic or narcotic stim ulants will be permitted. Hours will be set apart for recreation, both bodily and mental, and there will be oppor tunities for social amusement, in rec ognition of the fact that man is a gregarious animal and needs not only to play but to play in company. Strict care will be taken of the in habitants' health, the best physicians being employed not only to cure them after they become sick but, after the manner of the Chinese, to prevent sickness. All will be inoculated against typhoid fever and smallpox, and there will be hospitals equipped with the most modern appliances and attended by the most skilled surgeons, phy sicians and nurses. These will not be typical cities, for tney will be populated entirely, or al most entirely, by men. There can be no fair comparison between the ratio of sickness and death In them and other cities, for the inhabitants will all be men in the prime of life, picked for their close approach to perfection in health and physique . and guarded by strict discipline against disease and accidents which result from human folly. They will be under training de signed to develop their every faculty, physical, mental and moral, to the highest point, for they will be the new army of the United States, chosen to go against the army of Germany In the supreme test of valor, endur ance, strength and skill. It is not probable that any ordinary citiej will be built and governed as will these, or that all the inhabitants of an ordinary city could be Induced to live as they will be required to live, but It is reasonable to believe that those who return will have experi enced such great benefits as to become evangelists of right living. They will be such shining examples of manhood that many thousands will of their own accord seek the same military train ing, not with any desire or expectation of war, but that they may attain their full development as men. . Sir Eric Geddes, the new British First Lord of the Admiralty, is one of the new men discovered by British statesmen, and he served his appren ticeship in hustling in the United States. Born- In India, he came to America at the age of 17 to get prac tical experience In engineering. He worked for a year at the Homestead Steel Works, three years on the Bal timore & Ohio Railroad, then spent six years at railroading in India. He went to England in 1903 and made such a record there that when Kitchener called on the railroads for a man to hurry troops to the coast they gave him Geddes. Kitchener then employed him to hustle munitions to' the sea ports. After the battle of the Somme he was sent to France to re-organize the tangled railroads and was retained by Halg as director general of trans portation, but before going there he had been deputy director-general of munitions. He is no sailor, but he is a great administrator, and is looked to for good work in providing ships and munitions to carry out Admiral Jelll- coe's plans. Maryland has a law which may soon dispose of idle, wandering trouble makers. It requires the registration on or before August 20 of all men be tween 18 and 60 "not then regularly employed in any lawful or useful busi. ness, occupation, trade or profession of any kind." The penalty for evasion is $50, or imprisonment if the fine is not paid. After registration the Gov ernor is to assign the idlers to work, and the penalty for disregarding the assignment is $500 fine or six months' Imprisonment. Only students, appren tices, "persons temporarily unemployed by reason of differences with their employers" and persons engaged in seasonal occupations are exempt. If this law should be enforced, the tramp orators and brakebeam tourists will shun Maryland. One fact stands out in regard to the recent fighting on the western front.. When the allies gain a point, they hold it; when the Germans try to retake it, they almost Invariably fail. The movement is slow, but it Is all in one direction. The expulsion of the Germans from France and Belgium is gradual, but because It is their final defeat will be the more complete. Newspaper patriotism is not all printed stuff. Take the Hillsboro Argus, for example. Editor Long's son Donald has been commissioned Lieutenant at the Fort Myers camp and another son is on the cruiser Buf falo, while Vern McKlnney, son of the senior partner, Is In the Third Oregon. If all teachers of swimming would teach their pupils what not to do when a rescuer from drowning comes, fewer brave men would meet the fate of Andrew Carlson at St. Helens. Whatever you do, do not grab the rescuer around the neck. If you do, he and you will drown together. The Bishop of Peterborough is be ginning to worry over the marriage problem in Great Britain after the war. but he need not. As half a loaf is better than none, suppose he leaves solution to the women of marriageable age when the time arrives. Now the "Tollers of the World are making trouble. It is another case of Satan masquerading in the livery of heaven. "Toilers" and "Workers" who do not toll are public enemies. It is not difficult to get along with the real workingmen. If Idaho needs labor for the har vest. Governor Alexander could not do better than take several thousand I. W. W. out of their camps in the northern forests and put them to work under the moral suasion of rifles. What the Governor of Oregon said to the Governor of Idaho Thursday has not been revealed, but is suspected to have been about the weather and loganjuice. It was done in executive session. McMillan, the explorer, who is about to return from the Arctic after an absence of four years, is going to have a big Job catching up with the news when he reaches "civilization. Senator Curtis, affected by heat and war fever, has a bill to establish rural colonies for dependent families of sol diers. If it includes $50 a month and a cow, it will be about right. Russian women are to be trained to serve on battleships as cooks and chambermaids, let us hope. There ought to be enough male Russians to do all the fighting. A glance at our front and back yards will convince the observant that there are not going to be any aban doned farms in this part of the coun try this year. It must be perfectly clear to Mayor Thompson, of Chicago, by this time that Colonel Roosevelt does not care to have him around. It may cost Uncle Sam $20,000,000, 000 to run this country next year, but, as most of us may get a rise, why worry? Almost everything these days is laid to the I. W. W. except twins and triplets. Portland Is not to lack breathing spots the rest of the season. "Russian Rout" is appallingly allit erative and descriptive. METHOD OF DRAFT IS EXPLAINED Counties That Have Supplied Quota Not Subject to First Call. TILLAMOOK. Or July 26. (To the Kdltor.) Are the same numbers that were used in the first draft to be used on counties that have been exempt until second draft? If they are to be used, where does the credit come In? To my way of understanding I would call it a layoff. If they start with the numbers al- deady drawn In counties that are ex empt and keep on drawing according to the population, I cannot understand where they get this word credit. Kind ly explain. A SUBSCRIBER. The drawing of serial draft numbers at Washington simply determined the order In which every one of the nearly 10,000,000 men registered as subject to military service are to be called up, whether on the first draft or the third draft or any draft that may be made. For the first draft each state was al lotted a quota, based on its population, showing' the exact number of men it must furnish. However, the authori ties also gave each state credit against the draft quotas for all men In its Na tional Guard up to June 30 and for all men enlisted from the state In the reg ular Army between April 2 and June 30. For example. If a state's quota was 10,000 men, and It bad furnished 6000 men to the National Guard and regular Army, it was credited with 6000 men against Its quota of 10.000. Conse quently it would have to furnish on the draft only 4000 men. Instead of the 10,000 men allotted. The states themselves apportioned these credits for men enlisted In the National Guard and reegular Army among their various counties. Some of the counties had furnished by enlist ments as many men or more men than they were required on the basis of pop ulation to furnish on the draft. Con sequently they were exempted from furnishing any men on the first draft. This exemption has nothing to do with the order In which serial draft numbers were drawn. It merely means that the men in that county who ordi narily would be called on the first draft will not be called until the second draft, because their counties have al ready furnished so many men by volun tary enlistment, for which credit has been given them, that they have fur nished all the men required of them until the second draft. It would be hard to devise a plan more fair to all concerned. Dependents ns Ground for Exemption. INDEPENDENCE, Or.. Julv 26. (To the Editor.) (1)) Please tell me what instructions were given to the local ex emption .boards. I understand a mem ber of our local board states that a married man with a wife solely depen dent upon him for support, but no children, will not be exempted. Clause of part 7 of information bulletin gives "a married man with a wife or child dependent on you for support" as ground for discharge. I have been for two years the wife of a man now subject -to draft. I have no relatives able to help me and am physically un able to earn even a part of my own living. Have I grounds for appeal if the local decision is against me? (2) will all the numbers be drawn and every registered man go before the exemption boards at the present time? M. F. (1) If the member of your local board that you quote says a married man with a wife solely dependent upon him for support, but jio children, cannot be ex empted, he is misinformed. -The regula tions specifically state that a man hav ing a wife solely dependent upon him may be exempted. Under the facts about yourself as you state them, you would have full grounds for an appeal to the district board. (3) All the numbers were drawn at Washington in the lottery drawing last week. The men In each district will be called up. in, the exact order In which their numbers were drawn at Washington, as they are required In the "first and successive drafts. Only those needed on the first draft will be called at that time, those needed on the second draft then, and so on to the final draft, if that many are necessary. Examination of National Guardsmen. CLACKAMAS, Or., July 26. (To the Editor.) Could you inform me if the National Guardsmen will have to be physically examined before they will be taken across the seas, if they have already been examined by the state? And will they be examined after or be fore they are mustered Into the regular Army? O. N. G. SOLDIER. Members of the National Guard will be given a physical examination when they are mustered Into the Federal service. The purpose of this examina tion Is to have a complete record of the condition of each man to prevent fu ture pension claims for defects he may have at the time of enlistment. There will also be some weeding out of men not In good physical condition. No addi tional examination before they are takn across the seas is contemplated. Men of the Third Oregon have already received their regular Army physical examination, given at the time they were mustered Into the Federal serv ice last Spring. War Service Abroad. PORTLAND. July 27. (To the Ed ltor.) (1) Please tell me In what branch of service I can enlist where, on account of dependents, I will not be sent abroad. (2) Are American soldiers In France permitted to write home or Is no mall allowed to be sent out? (3) What are we going to do for farm hands In this country? Thanking you in advance. A SUBSCRIBER. (1) No branch of the service can as sure you immunity from being sent to France. If you have dependents and can prove It if you are called up for draft, you will be discharged. (2) American soldiers In France are permitted, subject to censorship, to write long letters home as often as they please. No, military information can be given in these letters. (3) The problem of obtaining enough farm hands has not yet been worked out. June Pay of Privates. PORTLAND. July 27. (To the Ed ltor.) Please answer what'wages were paid to a private In the Third Oregon Infantry for June. Did they all get the increase In wages? A READER. Base pay for privates, $30 a month. All men received the pay increases pro vided in the Army bill passed by Con gress. Raise or Riser PORTLAND, July 27. (To the Edi tor.) Whlcn is proper, raise or "rise" in salary?. INQUIRER. "Raise" used In this sense is pro nounced colloquial by the Century and Standard dictionaries, but has the au thority of Webster's. "Rise" is better usage. MEN ARE CREDITED TO COUNTIES Place of Residence, Not of Enlistment, Govern Allocations In Draft. ASTORIA Or.. July 26. (To the Ed itor.) "When In doubt, go to The Ore gonian" seems to be sound advice. A dispute has arisen over the allocation of enlistment in Oregon and It has been suggested that The Oregonian settle the matter once for all. A maintains that men going from the smaller counties in order to enlist in guard companies have not been cred ited with their home addresses In the allocation, thus intimating that the larger centers have profited at the ex pense of the smaller districts in the matter of the quotas to be raised In the draft. B. on the other hand, main tains that each county has received credit for the men whose home ad dresses are in that county. In proof of this contention he points to Adjutant General White's allocation of enlist ments showing Guard enlistments in counties in which no Guard organiza tions exist, and also greater Guard en listments In other counties than the units of the Guard located in those counties call for. That would seem to Indicate that Portland and other centers are not getting credit for more volunteers than they are entitled to. You would be do ing a service by straightening out the misunderstanding that seems to exist in the matter. H. V. SMITH. B is correct. Adjutant-General White has allocated the National Guard en listments strictly in accordance with the counties from which they came. If a Clatsop County man enlisted in Port land and gave Astoria or Seaside or Flavel. etc., as his residence, his en listment has been accredited to Clatsop County. The classification of men enlisting from Oregon In the regular Army was made by the War Department from the enlistment records. The same rule was strictly observed In that case also. Upon receiving the War Department re port of the number of men enlisted in the regular Army from Oregon (be tween April 2 and June 30) and the home county of each man. General White promptly made the allocation on that basis. The system was even more painstak ing than that. For example, if a King County, Washington, man enlisted In the National Guard or regular Army in Portland, full credit through the War Department was given to King County. If a Clatsop County man enlisted in the National Guard or regular Army at eatue, similarly his enlistment was accredited and allocated to Clatsop County, Oregon. The official enlistment records were faithfully and conscientiously followed In making the allocations and there is no Just ground for criticism, for the interests of every county, no matter how remote nor how sparsely popu lated, were carefully guarded. Brother Jack. I've got a great big brother, with a brand new suit of tan And the reason that he's got it is 'cause he's a soldier man. He's gone away to fight now, and we're proud of him, you bet. But I really think that mother Is the proudest of us yet. he said at first she didn't think that she could not let him go Across the sea so far away from home to fight the foe. But when my mothef understood that he'd be fighting for True liberty and justice, then she let him go to war. I just can't quite explain it, the way she looked that day When Jack same home to say good-bye before he went away. My mother's eyes filled up with tears. but when Jack saw her face It had the dearest smile for him that tears could not erase. My mother's heart aches Just for Jack, Out she tries not to show it. But when she holds me close to her. I'm telling you I know it. She tells me that she hopes 1 11 be as brave when I m a man As brother Jack, and you Just see. I will be If I can. E. J. TUCKER. Award on Rex-Tig;ard Road. SHERWOOD, Or.. July 26. (To the Editor.) Please state who got the con tract on the Rex-Tigardvllle road and where he lives. A SUBSCRIBER. Oskar Huber, 223 Sherlock building. Ambassador Penfield's Own Story of Wartime in Austria-Hungary PRESENTED BY The Sunday Oregonian "AUSTRIA-HUNGARY FROM THE INSIDE," by Ambassador Pen field, is a revelation of the desperate straits into which the dual monarchy has been led by Prussian madness. It is the first de tailed and authentic account to appear of actual war-time condi tions in a country that has borne the brunt of battle until its losses exceed 2,500,000. Not the Austria-Hungary of peasant music and pleasant dances but a saddened land of orphans, eco nomic collapse and starvation surrounding the still gay life of the rich in Vienna. Read this graphic full-page chronicle. THE COLLEGE BOYS ANSWER They were taking hurdles and examinations when the call came, the college boys of America. They had fads that were lampooned as foolish and ideals that were pilloried as futile but they took to the uniform like the men they are. There's a story about it in The Sunday Oregonian a story you shouldn't miss. HERBERT KAUFMAN'S TONIC It's heaps easier to read Kaufman than to write about him. A score of words fall short of analyzing his strong philosophy and heart of cheer. But he is a staunch pal to thousands of readers, and that epitomizes his work- Get the Kaufman habit. THE WOMAN "WHO INVENTS THE FASHIONS Introducing Mme. Francis, genius of feminine attire, who left the trail of fripperies and created modes that were new and distingue, and most distinctly to be desired. Ethel Thurston, special contributor to The Sunday Oregonian, presents this charming personage in an interesting article. A VISIT TO A GREAT OIL MINING CAMP Poking around, here and there, but mostly there, Frank G. Carpenter finds out a great deal concerning the common necessities of economic life the things we take for granted, but whose origin is vaguely under stood. This yarn awakens you to the fighting value of an oil gusher in the great war. Read it. WOMEN'S WAR SERVICE WORK Many leading women's clubs and societies are meeting all Summer in the accomplishment of Red Cross work The latest news in women's war service is told by Edith Knight Holmes in The Sunday Oregonian. NUMEROUS OTHER FEATURES The Old Poems Page, with the songs of yesteryear; two pages on fashions, with illustrations and helpful hints; camera-caught news of the wide world; a section of social and personal news, with exclusive outdoor photographs of the premier social event of the season, the Green-Ladd wedding; special church page, with complete announcements of services; a page for the children, and the comics, Polly, Doc Yak and their fellow comedians of course. No Nickel Ever Bought More THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN. In Other Days. Twenty-five Years Ato. From The Oregonian og July 28. 1S92. Washington. The presiding officer of the Senate today laid before that body a message from the President , relative to the laying of a cable be tween California and the Hawaiian Islands. Seattle Hon. Eugene Semple today declared himself openly as a candidate for the Democratic nomination for Governor. One of the largest land deals that has ever been recorded in this county was completed yesterday when the Doane donation claim, consisting of 900 acres and located six miles below Portland on the west side of the river, was sold to an Eastern syndicate, the price paid being $350,000. Work on the locks at the Cascades Is to be suspended temporarily, pend ing instructions from the East in re gard to the course to be pursued un der the contract clause in the rivers and harbors bill. Chicago. The slaughter by sun was still on in Chicago today. Fifty deaths and more than twice as many prostra tions from heat occurred. RULES FOR CARE OF HUSBANDS How to Keep Man About the House, Though Married. Is Told.' PORTLAND. July 27. (To the Edi tor.) Here are 10 rules for keeping a husband at home: (1) Make him know that you love and care for him by doing little things that you know he likes to have you do. (2) If he has a den keep it in per fect order, and if he smokes see that his smoking outfit is in its proper place, and do not complain if there are ashes on the floor; they are good for keeping moths out. (3) See that his linen is always sup plied and in' its proper place where he can get at it without looking through all the dresser drawers. (4) If he is loving and spoony at times meet him half way by giving him a big kiss when he leaves home in the morning, and the same when he returns, and show him that you have missed him while he has been away. (5) Keep your self neat and tidy at all times, with fresh, clean house dresses and make yourself look as pretty as you can. (6) If he asks you to fro out with him of an evening, do u willingly, and make him feel that you love to go for his sake. (7) Keep a suitable outfit on hand at all times, to be put on in a hurry, and do not say. "Oh, I can't go tonight, as I haven't anything to wear," when you know as well as he that you have as good clothes as the average. (8) If he telephones you from his of fice that he lias just received an lnvlr tation to a dinner and asks you to be ready at 6 P. M. sharp, you should get busy at once and be ready on time, and go expecting to enjoy yourself, and show him that you have enjoyed the evening. (9) Show him that you think he Is the only man livinR, and do not fall to praise him to others that you are In company with. Tell them how good he is to you, and how loving he is at home. (10) Learn his likes and dislikes and try to please him in all things you do, and I assure you that he will al ways appreciate your efforts, and he will see no one that fills the bill as well as you. his wife, does. You will find that he will be found in the home more than he is in his club. MRS. E. W. S. No Volunteer Organizations. LA GRANDE, Or., July 26. (To the Editor.) Kindly help me settle an ar gument by printing the answer to the following question: Was there a call for volunteers for this war and if so did President Wilson issue the call. LEONARD THOMPSON. There has been no all for enlist ments in any distinctively volunteer military organizations. Men have been urged in appeals issued by the War and Navy Departments to volunteers for enlistment in the regular establish ments. Both Correct Sentences. PORTLAND, July 27. (To the Edi tor.) To settle a dispute will you an swer these questions through your columns: 1. Is this a sentence "Tom Is go ing"? 2. Is this sentence correct "The ap ple Is for you and me"? J. W. S. 1 Tea. 2. Yes.