$3
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, APRIL, 21, 1917,
.i
mm Bxm
omnn
PORTLAND, OREGON.
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ket street.
PORTLAND, SATURDAY, APRIL tl. 1917.
TRUE KCONOMT ANT PALSK.
In warning the people of the United
Etates against Ill-advised economy,
Howard E. Coffin, of the advisory
Commission of the National Council of
Defense, la mainly right, but it la to
be regretted that he does not make
clearer the distinction between true
economy and false. He is on solid
ground in calling attention to the mis
taken policy of states and municipal
ities of stopping- roadbullding and
other civic Improvements, but he is
eadiy mistanen lr ne means to impiy
that it is the time for indiscriminate
are In danger of finding ourselves In
precisely the position of England at
the beginning of the war, wnen lords
! and ladles and others In the fortunate
; possession of funds conceived it to be
anything and everything. In a fatuous
endeavor to "keep business running
as usual." The British have learned
their lesson, we ougm to prui.it uj ii
It Is highly Important, as Mr. Coffin
; lias pointed out, that there shall be
as little dislocation of business aa may
be. but It would have been well if
he had explained that this applies In
; particular to works of permanent
value and not In any serse to frlp-
' perles and dlspensables. If consump
tion merely for the purpose of creating
more work fcr more workers were
. sound economics, war, the greatest
consumer of them all, would be an
economic Dieasing wmcu it is uuu
.' Needless style changes, wasteful ex
penditures for luxuries, and gluttony
J "make business" only In the most re
stricted Bense. In their bearing upon
the Nation's capacity, they are waste,
t and nothing else can be made of them.
Publio enterprises of enduring char- I
acter are In another class. They may
well be utilized as a sort or governor
for the Industrial machine". They fur
nish avenues for employment of men
whose affairs have been disarranged
,. by the Inevitable readjustment of other
enterprises. In the construction of a
'f permanent publio work, nothing Is
i consumed in the sense that it is de-
etroyed. Roadbullding, irrigation and
every other necessary publio under
i. taking ought to be continued where
possible. They are distinctly produc-
g-ument In favor of good roads is as
vuiu UUW CUI II. cvci WCkO, auu 11. WYJ
V II ,Vn ,4-w
or ttiem ail the more wnen peace is
restored. It is useful work, and the
fact that it Is not imperative argues
- - in its favor. If conceivably we shall
" need all our workers in other employ
ment, we shall not suffer irretrievably;
wnue so long as lauor ror me purpose
: ; is available, we shall hereafter enjoy
-, a dollars worth of benefit for every
dollar thus expended.
' It is difficult to understand, upon
' tions of Mr. Coffin to what he loosely
terms the "hoarding of food supplies."
People have been taught and wisely
that there is no tetter form of thrift
miui me Bwrdtj ol iuuu in Li mo ui
' plenty against the season when it is
I naturally scarce. Tne housewife is
T urged constantly to can vegetables and
. fruit when they are cheap, to preserve
;' a Winter's supply of eggs during the
season when the hens are laying busily.
. i fi.na to im ner ceuar Dins witn potatoes
i at harvest time, private food hoard
, inc will nrfliiRt Itelr Wi a re mnwa
' likely to do too little of it than too
much. No family is unpatriotic that
..- takes sen. ible precautions. Those who
lav In their mirmllAs pnrlv in thA rp.
f". son will not be competitors to drive
.'-. prices up later on. This is as true
V of one staple as it is of another. Buy-
lner in cmantitv. where food is so rtat-orl
, plain, everyday common sense.
The speculator who "hoards" food
- - in,. i.im 1 1 1 1 r t ivh 1 1 t m rj n mi t n
other class. He Is the middleman
; who has given the whole class an un
xavoraDie reputation. we shall see
lefin of nlm. lr thA nntrfntln crMf rf
. the Nation is fully aroused. If he con-
tents himself with a reasonable mar-
. gin, he will be doing a real service in
an emergency in which service counts,
.-. ! Food hoarding is far better than food
, spoilage. There is no good reason why
"., we should not so far as possible lav
. and Fall.
There is no getting away from the
fact that we are going to experience
-. :, a reaajustment or our internal econ
. 1 1 1 1 1 i i : i n in f in, 1 1 inn i r mn.n Tn m
, ; ' into our Army and Navy would com
' pel a drastic change, even if there
were no added question of supplying
them. It will not hurt business in the
. , iuuk lull 11 w ill i i . i 1 1 iiiir. iikh ri t rnnjsA
- things that we do not need and that
t i we have an aggregate surplus as a re
suit, we can sensibly expend It for en
- ... . icuxva 1CVU5UUCU Lllia
, principle when, despite the war, it com,
'.'i pleted the great Rhone tunnel enter
t'. i prise at Marseilles, and Germany did
w - CX1.1HT3 in xkcciiiii uuuierous puDlic
I undertaking under heaflwav. Rut oil
the belligerents have found that tri
. vate and personal economies were not
only advisable but absolutely neces,
sary. AJ.1 wasteful expenditures have
been wholly eliminated.
One beneficial result of our occu
patlon of the Philippines has been the
Invention, as the result of researches
by the Director of Health, of a new
material for the construction of houses
for the poorer people. This is com
posed of sand, cement, ipa, or th
husks of rice, and bamboo for rein
forcement. Model houses are being
built at a cost of $250 each, to replace
the present highly Inflammable nipa
structures. They have an estimated
life of 25 years, as compared with ten
years for nipa houses, and are much
more sanitary. Losses by fires in the
highly combustible nipa houses in the
past have been a great burden on the
people. The no- composition, which
In all probability never would have
been developed except for the unselfish
efforts of an American, has better fire-
resisting qualities than a house built
of hardwood and roofed with Iron. It
is also insect-proof and in other ways
marks a new epoch In housing condi
tions for the Filipinos.
PRESIDENT APPROVES FE8TIVAI1.
A number of sincere persons have
written to The Oregonian protesting
against repetition of the Rose Festival
this year. It Is argued that a Festival
is unseemly levity In war time and
that the money devoted to the event
could be used to better purpose in aid
ing Red Cross or other military auxil
iary work.
The Rose Festival management is
not without a decent respect for
proprieties. It has been determined to
give the Festival patriotic coloring.
Even so, steps were not taken until
a telegram had been sent to President
Wilson asking his approval, in view of
the National crisis, of the association's
purpose and suggesting that he touch
a button at Washington opening the
Festival.
Following is a copy of President
Wilson's reply:
THE WHITE HOT7BE. Washington, T. C.
6:03 P. M., April 9. 1917. E. E. Larlmore.
President Rose Festival Association, Port
land, Oregon: Replying to your telegram,
the President authorizes me to say that he
thinks your Idea about this matter is an
excellent one. He will be glad. If you wish It.
to touch the button. J. P. TUMULTY,
Secretary to the President.
The Rose Festival has certain con
structive Qualities. It promotes rose
culture, and rose culture promotes
health, and health promotes military
efficiency. It is a eeason of gayety,
it Is true, but we are not yet in sack
cloth and ashes. The people have not
given up less practical amusements.
We have yet to hear of a dance, or a
card party, or a boxing bout, or a
baseball game called off on account'of
the war. They should not be except
within reason. Diversion is a neces
sary safety valve In time of stress.
As for its economic feature, let us
bear In mind that the money expended
remains at home. It merely changes
hands. It goes Into the pockets of
those who In due time will be called
upon to bear their proportionate share
of war's financial burdens and aids
them to meet those obligations.
The President's expressed approval
ought to quiet well-meaning but mis
guided opposition.
ALL ARE LIABLE TO SERVE.
President Wilson's letter to Repre
sentative Helvering cuts the ground
from beneath the feet of those who
oppose the selective draft for the Army
and Navy. He shows that provision is
already made In the Army bill for en
listment of more than the 500,000 vol
unteers they wish to take before re
sorting to the draft, but that the vol
untary system takes men into the
Army and BTavy who would better be
left at home, and whom the selective
draft would leave at home.
He assumes to be known to the anti-
draft party a fact which they ignore
that the Constitution recognizes the
draft as a means of obtaining as many
men as are .needed for National de
fense, and of taking the particular
men who can best be spared for that
service. His plan is not universal mili
tary service in the sense of compelling
every able-bodied man to bear arms,
but it is universal National service in
the sense of placing each man where
he Can render the best servtce either
pn a warship, in the Army, in the fac
tory, on the farm, on a railroad, or In
other non-combatant service. Univer
sal liability to service already exists,
and the President simply desires au
thority to place men where they are
moat needed.
Conscription or draft means selec
tion of the men who are to bear arms.
Universal service directs what Bervice
each man shall perform. This is dis
tinct from universal training, under
which all men would be trained for
the fighting force, though only a frac
tion of them might actually be taken
for the Army or Navy by conscription
or draft.
The point which the President Im
presses on Congress is that this war is
an emergency in which all must serve
the Nation, and that in opposing the
Army Staff bill advocates of the vol
untary system place obstacles In the
way of all doing the best service. They
are Diinaea Dy prejudice against a
name to the necessity of the case.
SUBSIDIZED HIGHER EDUCATION.
Dr. Marlon Leroy Burton, new presi
dent of the University of Minnesota,
said in an address to the Legislature
of his state recently that he dreamed
of the day when every boy and girl
In the state who desired a university
education could have it "in spite of
financial circumstances." The extent
to which he would go In giving finan
cial aid to ambitious students he did
not reveal. Doubtless it would In
elude some precautionary measure for
separating the Bheep from the goats
and of preventing the unworthy from
reaping the bounty of the state. We
want no more exotically educated uni
verslty graduates than we now have.
of course. But It Is seriously to be
questioned whether under present con
ditions there are' many ambitious
young men or young women, bent on
obtaining higher education, who do
not reach the goal of their desires.
We have compulsory education in
the lower grades upon the well-
founded principle that In the begin
ning of his career the youngster does
not know so well what is good for him
and for the state as do the people as
a whole. But we have left a suitable
margin for individual effort and
choice. At a certain point we leave
the youth to his own devices. He has
presumably learned to read and write
and the way tr inform himself upon
matters of public moment has been
opened to him. To that end we have
even adopted the practice In many
places of assisting him with free books
and sometimes with free meals. If he
wants more education he usually man
ages to get It. The universities are
filled with boys and girls n who are
"working their way through" and are
all the better for It. They are better
students nine times out of ten than
pampered sons and daughters who live
high on remittances from home.
Not many of the leaders of our In
dustrial or educational or political life
were born with proverbial silver
spoons in their mouths. A vast num
ber of them won their university de
grees by hard work, attended by not
a little self-denial. If the way was
difficult in places. It was nevertheless
good discipline. It was an Important
factor in building character. Those
who made their own way are not
heard complaining about their lack of
opportunity.
. We can easily go too far in smooth
ing the pathway of the determined
student. Those -who will profit by it
most do not need state aid. The way
is wide open. Results have proved It.
We need a good many things more
than we need : ubsldized higher education.
WORK FOR POETS.
We have two favorite ways of ex
pressing enthusiasm. One is by pa
rading, the other by wrting poetry.
Many more persons parade than write
poetry in times like these, but not
many more parade than try to write.
Both customs are productive, in a
way. Parading Just now creates addi
tional enthusiasm, which, inasmuch
as we seldom parade twice for the
same reason, finds its vent in the re
cruiting offices or in some active serv
ice for the country. Patriotic poetry
also enhances enthusiasm which may
help recruiting and mobilization of re
sources to an extent, but quite often
merely inspires more poetry.
We have got the parade spirit out of
our system but the poets are still
singing. Somebody may produce a
National air or Immortal verse In the
present trial, but if either one appears
it will .lave a thought in it.
A point we wish to make is that a
great deal of energy Is going to waste
in preparation of "Hurrah, boys! Hur
rah!" stuff Jingles that are Just Jin
gles. Poetry is found elsewhere than
in words. It greets the eye In the
steady motions of the householder
spading the back yard, and there is a
sweet rhythm in the scritch, scritch of
the garden hoe. Let's have more
poetry of motion and less of words.
Then the verse editor may be able to
dig himself out of the office and
famine will soon cease to menace.
GERMAN POLICY HOSTILE.
In fighting German autocracy, the
United States is fighting for the law
of humanity at sea, which Prussian
militarism has undertaken to set aside;
it Is fighting for democracy and Na
tional right; but it is fighting also
for the cardinal principle of American
foreign policy, and with It for the
independence of this and the other
American republics. Plain intimations
have come from Berlin that Germany
would months ago have abandoned all
conquests In Belgium, France and
Russia and would have agreed to a
free Poland under Russian suzerainty.
If Britain would have abandoned sup
port of the Monroe Doctrine and
would have left Germany free to ex
ploit not only Turkey but all of Latin
America and to fight It out alone with
the United States.
By fighting Germany now, this coun
try has enlisted the aid of the demo
cratic nations of Europe In defeating
these designs and has avoided the
necessity of fighting at some later
time to defeat them, at a time, too,
when, if Germany emerged from the
present war strong and still domi
nated by Prussianism, we should have
had to fight not onlyunaided by Eu
ropean nations but possibly with them
against us. Once more at a critical
point in our history fortune has fa
vored us with powerful allies in pre
serving our vital Interests.
Enmity of the Pan-Germans to the
United States dates much farther back
than the submarine controversy; it
even antedates the Spanish War. It
may be said to go as far back as IS 68,
when the United States, Germany and
Great Britain became rivals for con
trol of Samoa. That controversy con
tinued until 1899, when It was ended
by division of the islands between the
United States and Germany. In 1889
and 1899 It almost caused a German
American war. When Andrew D.
White went to Berlin as Ambassador
for the second time in 1897, he found
unfriendliness widely prevalent; all
but two newspapers of importance
were "more or less hostile, and some
bitterly so." Prince Henry gave evi
dence of this feeling at a banquet at
Hongkong early In 1898 by offering
a deliberate Insult to the United States,
which Admiral Dewey and all his offi
cers resented by leaving the table.
This hostility assumed more definite
form at the outbreak of the Spanish
War, when Germany and Austria at
tempted to form a European coalition
to forbid war with Spain. That scheme
was foiled by the positive refusal of
Great Britain to Join in it, but Thayer
in his "Life of John Hay" quotes the
Kaiser as having said: "If I had only
had a fleet, I would have taken Uncle
Sam by the scruff of the neck." The
same disposition was shown at Manila,
where Germany sent a squadron of
five vessels, stronger than that of
Dewey. This squadron followed the
American ships in every move they
made in, preparing for the bombard
ment of the city and gave every sign
of an Intent to oppose the attack. The
British squadron took up a position
between the Americans and Germans,
such that the latter could not fire
without hitting the British ships. Ad
miral von Diederich then drew off and
soon afterward three of his ships dis
appeared. One of them had earlier
threatened to shell the Philippine in
surgents who were preparing to attack
Isla Grande in Sublg Bay, but with
drew when Dewey sent two of his
ships with Instructions to drive off
the Germans and take the Spanish
position.
More evidence of a clash between
German designs and American policy
came in 1903, when Germany, Great
Britain and Italy blockaded Vene
zuela. Occupation of Venezuelan ter
ritory was contemplated by Germany,
but President Roosevelt prevented it
by threatening to send Admiral Dewey
to the scene with the Atlantic fleet.
Again in 1914, the month before the
war began, Germany proposed Joint
control of the Haitlen customs, but
President Wilson firmly rejected the
scheme and, when revolution disturbed
that republic in 1915, occupied it and
took it under an American protecto
rate. In 1902 the United States ar
ranged with Denmark for the purchase
of the Danish West Indies for $5,000,
000, but German intrigue caused the
Danish Parliament to- reject the treaty,
and the purchase was recently com
pleted for five times that sum under
a new treaty.
Germany did her utmost by secret
means to prevent the United States
from obtaining the Panama Canal con
cession, and German agents Instigated
the Colombian Congress to. reject the
Hay-Herran treaty in 1902. The ef
forts to get possession of territory In
Venezuela or Haiti were designed to
get a foothold within striking distance
of the Canal, while the intrigue 'in
Denmark seems to have been Inspired
by a hope to secure the Danish Islands
for Germany. According to World
Work, Secretary Hay about the same
time learned that the Kaiser was nego
tiating for the purchase of two harbors
In Lower California,
In all of these unfriendly moves
Germany was trying to put in effect a
policy which the Kaiser expressed
with great frankness to a party of
French peonle on his yacht Hohen
zollern in July, 1901. He described
American interference in European af
fairs as a menace against which Eu
rope should combine, and he suggested
to France that the United States
should be Isolated for the purpose of
testing the Monroe Doctrine, but
France refused to listen. It was as
much to carry out hostile designs
against the United States as to war
on Britain that he built the second
largest navy in the world.
William II has been carrying oit
and enlarging upon the policy of "real
politlk" which had been followed by
Bismarck, founded on the theory that I
Germany's mission Is to organize the
world on the lines of German effi
ciency and to make all nations con
tribute to the greatness and wealth of
Germany. To this end Prince Henry
made a tour of the United States, os- I
tensibly to restore the good feeling
which had been weakened by the
Manila incident, but actually'to pro-
mote Pan-Germanism and to unite
tL -.n n Am,in. . ...
rman-Americans into a force which
, . ,
would control American policy In the
luterebi. oi Germany, xo me same ena
strong ties have been maintained with I
the 500,000 Germans In Southern I
Brazil, and even German ittlfment
abroad has been bj. jlti ontnost
. . , .
nave ueeu maae consuls or otner na-
tions. The aim has been to do much
more than realize Naumann's Idea of
Mittel Europa as a great German fed-
eratlon stretching from the North Sea
to the Persian Gulf and including not
only Germany but Austria, the Bal
kan states and Turkey; K was to hum
ble the United States and to make the
entire American hemisphere an ap
panage of the German empire.
As hope of realizing this dream has
grown fainter and has given place to
fear of utter defeat, the dislike which
arose from national rivalry has given
place to bitter hatred. Failure to win
the quick victory on which the Kaiser I
and his Junker advisers staked all is
ascribed to American food and muni-
tions poured Into Britain and France
and to American restrictions on U-boat
war. The sentiment of Germany to
ward the United States months before
the final barred-zone proclamation Is
thus described by Herbert Bayard
Swope in his book, "Inside the Ger
man Empire":
Throughout Germany today the hatred
lor America Is bitter and deep. It la palpa
ble and weighs you down. All the resent
ment, all the blind Jury Germany once re
served for England alone have been ei-
panaea to include us, and have been ac
centuated In the expansion.
When we are fighting a country
which Is controlled by men harboring I
ambitions so destructive to our Na
tional peace and safety and nourishing
such bitter sentiments toward us, it
would be suicidal folly for the United
States to make a half-hearted war.
Not until the Hohenzollerns and all
who entertain their Ideas of conquest.
all who practice their Inhuman meth
ods, have been driven from power, can
we relent. Our duty to democracy and
the future peace of the world demand
this, but even though they did not.
our own security would demand it.
If submarine war were to starve Brit
ain into submission and were to give
victory to Germany, we should be corn-
pelled to fight alone atrainst a superior
navy and a larger, victorious, veteran
army. Our best hope of defeating the
sinister, world-embracing designs of
the Prussian oligarchy Is to keep the
ames supplied witn an tne sinews or
war until and after our own Army is
ready. If thejr should fail, a more ter-
rible war would await us.
William F. Woodward Is a good cltl-
zen and a man of reasonable mind and
practical. If a list of twenty "best
citizens were to be named, his would
appear In the first five. His views
on employment of women are based
on thorough understanding of present-
day conditions of labor and business.
Harm cannot result from trial of his
plan; hardship may follow indirectly a
too-strict observance of law good In
other times.
Once more Sarah Bernhardt is dem
onstrating the life-giving qualities of
enthusiasm and hard work. The world
will watch her recovery with sympa
thetic interest and Americans will not
give up hope of seeing her on another
farewell tour.
Boxing is not a ladylike game far
from it; but it can be kept clean and
it must and will be. It is a kind of
sport that attracts men who care lit
tle for other diversion and managers
will see that it is kept within the law.
Suppose Commissioner Holman and
County Agent Hall read up on the
parable of the loaves and fishes,
preparatory to distributing 600 sacks
of seed potatoes among applicants who
want 20,000.
If the problem of other commodities
could, be solved as easily as counter
acting tne rise in price or milk, a
solution ' would be easy; but other
things cannot be watered.
General . von Biasing, German Gov
ernor-General of Belgium, died of lung
trouble, but that Is not what super
stitious Belgians would call It.
If there only were some way of
storing and converting the energy of
war rn At wa rrm 1 vnA n Knft!QuT,ln
The hen that can lay an egg a day
is becoming a fixed fact. Next will
be the fowl to lay an egg and a half.
The way of the transgressor Is
greased. HI Gill is on the Job and
the Billlngsleys are in Jail.
Married men whose dependents are
merely technical can remain in the
National Guard.
Let them hoard the food If they
wish. A way of release will be made
when needed.
The modern Cinelnnatns will Ar well
to stay with his plow, at least until
the crop is in.
It Is comforting to know the Lewis
gun will be used in the country of its
invention.
Another fool man has killed his di
vorced wife, but wisely shot himself.
The farm employment bureau also
has a patriotic duty to perform.
Oregon's response with full naval
quota is: ."Come aboard, sir!"
Mr. Bryan is needed at Lincoln to
stop that streetcar strike.
Hasn't the south wind
about enough this time?
eoughed
The Pneumatic Brain.
By Irving; Bmcheller, of the Vigilante.
Th pneumatic rubber brain whicn
has to be blown up with hot air every
day, expands into madness when the
air is a little too hot and Imagines
Itself a cousin of the Lord. Then if it
has an army to back it, the swelled
brain kindly offers to take the Lord
into partnership in the butcher busi
ness. - It la a type of insanity with
which the world has been familiar for
ages. Most of the Roman emperors had
it. William, the Godful has It. So has
all that pneumatic throng of Prussian
princes. It has always been hard on
ithe plain people. Whole races have
been disemboweled by it. The pneu
matic brain is and always has been the
deadliest foe of democracy. To a man
who can Imagine himself the cousin of
God the life of an ordinary human
being is not more important than that
of' a Plymouth Rock rooster. Nothing
is of any importance except his plans.
Tha pneumatic brain is well known
to us here. Certain American princes.
reared in idleness and hot air. have had
, x , . . . .. , ' .in
it. Harry Thaw had it and seems still
to have lt En&land haa deprived the
brains of her princes of .their pneumat-
lc and military attachments and made
them safe and harmless. Germany is
ruled by a group of Harry Thaw
backed by prodigious armies. They
have the world by the throat.
Bhaktng off these ancient enemies of
democracy these deadly vermin that
infest the heavenly throne and imperil
the health and comfort of the world?
!s America to be a slacker and neglect
lts duty to lts God- lta own People and
the whole human race? I hope not.
What we need is universal trainln
which will develop the manhood of rich
and poor and fraternize it on a basis of
plain living and hard work. It will do
more for America than all the colleges
have done. We need a common aim
that is above money, which Is, Indeed,
the defense of the sacred, God-given
aims of democracy, decency and sanity.
There can be no peace for honest men
while a maniac criminal has & throne
and an army.
Therefore, get us ready to take our
proper place in the army of the Lord,
you chlefs and captains who are still
lingering in tne patns ot ease ana uai-
llance.
FEARFUL OF INCREASED TAXES
Correspondent Has Not Discovered
That Autos Pay Road Honda.
PORTLAND. April 20. (To the Edi-
itor.) What is the use of trying to
smother 'the people with bonds? The
man in the Grange is right as regards
the bonds for roads. I believe they are
afraid to call for the full amount of
bonds all at once, for it would frighten
the people. Vhy do they call for part
of the amount then when they are
half done call for another issue in or
der to finish the enterprise?
Now the poorest people are the ones
that own a small amount of property.
Why do they have to skimp and save
in order to pay their high taxes, for
we have to stand the high cost of llv
ing the same as others, and we are
not getting the rent by one-half of
what we used to get? Why burden us
beyond ail endurance?
I believe we should take more time
for this good road building. Some of
the people in this state have gone crazy
on good roads and the most of them
don't have to skimp and deprive them
selves in order to foot the bills. Let's
wait till after the war is over and put
all our energy towards helping our
Arniy and Navy. We have not got time
now, fo Joyridli18r.,f "d 1 b.ellSv"v.
- fn, ty. t nrnn.. ,k. .
that has been built Is for nothing else.
I will have to work a lot overtime in
order to pay my share of It. Now this
1 13 no time ror words, but a time for
I deeds. So keep your back garden free
irom weeds. tj. u. f.
The bond Issue does not Increase
taxes. It is to be paid, principal and
interest, out of automobile license
money, which the bonding act specif
ically provides shall be used for that
purpose. Automobile licenses have been
so increased that they will pay off the
bond issue and leave a surplus. The
small property owner, who possesses
no automobile yet cannot see an ad
vantage for himself in having others
pay for the good roads needs to brush
up his business sense.
SHERIDAN PROUD OF RECRUITS
Town Contributes 60 Without Influence
of Public Demonstration.
SHERIDAN, Or.. April 19. (To the
Editor.) -In The Oregonian April 16
I notice with much interest your edi
torial comment on "Small Town Pa
triotism," in which you call attention
to the larger enlistment in the smaller
towns and villages, over that of the
larger cities.
While referring to towns that have
furnished such large proportion of men
according to their population, I wish
to cal1 yur attention to the town of
Sheridan, which, according to the cen
sus of 1910, has 1021 population, and
added to the Army and Navy 60 of her
high school boys and citizens of her
town and Immediate vicinity.
We are proud of all our sister towns.
They have responded nobly to the Na
tion's call, and especially are we proud
of the character and number of our
own splendid young men who went at
the first call, and went without a fire
and drum brigade or any other patri
otic demonstration.
L F. DAUUHE KIT.
IXotr to Plan Potatoes.
PORTLAND, April 20. (To the Edi
tor.) To obtain tho best results in
ra.islnsr notatoes:
I (1) Should a seed potato the size of a
I hen's egg or smaller be planted whole
1 or cut?
I (2) If necessary to cut, should It be
CUL LUQ 1UUB V dhwi cj .
i Unw din.. trta-thr KtlAnM tlT
be planted and what width between
I rows?
F. W. HILL.
(1) More potatoes to the acre prob
ably will result from planting the
whole seed. (2) Either way, so long as
there are well-defined eyes on each
pleee. (3) For most varieties, rows
three feet apart and seed two feet apart
I in the rows.
It is well to bear in mind In future
seed selection that the cull potato is
not the ideal seed. The governing unit
Is the hill. When at harvest time
prolific hill is encountered containing
a large proportion of marketable pota
toes, it should be reserved for seed
purposes, bmau potatoes irom a good
hill make better seed than large pota
toes from a poor hill.
We May Have to Feed Germany.
PORTLAND. April 20. (To the Edl
tor.) I take the liberty of advancing
a thought that I have not yet seen ex
pressed in any publio manner, though
doubtless In the minds or many.
Mr. vllson In 1 "s message to the
country Bays in effect that we shall
have to .supply our allies with all the
various necessities of war, but does
not mention that we might also have
to feed the Germanio alliance on this
year's supplies. '
Doubtless the German people . ould
feel more desirous of peace if they
knew that the American people were
raisin cr food, to feed them as soon as
I they wanted it.
I CHARLES BANKS,
TRAGEDIES OK VOLUNTEER. PLAN
Americana Long; Held and Often Rout- I
ed by Inferior Forces In Early Wars.
PORTLAND. April 20. (To the Edi
tor.) If the real truth about the
United States' experience with the vol
unteer system was taught in our
schools Instead of the buncombe they
do teach, there would be no objec
tions to universal military service, ex
cept from cowards and German sym
pathizers.
How many people know that in 1778
we mustered over 89,000 men and the
British had but 20.000, and during the
war we employed altogether over 400,
000 to Britain's 40,000. and during the
eight years that th war lasted we won
ust two battles of consequence Sara
toga and Yorktown and that the
credit for the latter belongs to the
French?
With such a preponderance of men.
why did it take us eight years to gain
our independence? Simply because the
Bntpn was a trained soldier who knew
his trade and the Colonials were a
mob. Washington himself said that
the militia were a nuisance.
The war of 1812 demonstrated still
more clearly the inefficiency of un
trained men. The British had 17.000
regulars and we used during the war
something ever 500,000, yet we won
no battles except that of New Orleans
and that was fought after peace hud
been declared.
July 4. 1814. a British fleet carrying
3000 men prepared to attack our capi
tal. The Governors of the different
states had been ordered to hold ready
for immediate service a. force of 9S,
500 men. We had this force on paper.
August 24 the patriots sprang to arms,
every darned one 'of them, except 88,-
000. The battle of Bladensburg was
fought the British using 1500 regulars
aealnst our mob of 5000, and after we
had lost eight killed and 11 wounuea
the Americans beat It and left the
Capitol to be burned by the British.
Does any one think that our men
were not equally ss brave as the Brit
lsh? No, but they had no training, or-
cranization or eaulnment.
Are we to depend on the same kind
of an Army today? Give the boys a
chanra and don't send them out to
slaughter. However, if we are to have
Baker as Secretary of V ar and -Daniels
at tho head of the Navy, it doesn't
make much difference how many men
we have, in fact the fewer the better.
for the problems that will confront
the Administration in the next few
months are not alone beyond their
grasp, but beyond their comprehension,
This country has need of all its re
sourcefulness, as well as Its resources,
and the best men, irrespective of party,
must be used. (J. u. .LO-.itJ x r,
MORE PRIDE THAN PATRIOTISM
Mother Thinks School Authorities Men
aced Health of Paradlns Children
PORTLAND, April 20. (To the Ed
itor.) I have had four children in
school at different times and have al
ways had the highest respect for the
Portland public school system, but to
day my confidence has been badly
shaken. I hope I am patriotic. I have
always thought so; I know I would no
hesitate at any sacrifice if I thought
it would benefit my country.
I have no criticism to offer concern
ing the women of mature Judgment
who wish to show their patriotism by
marching through the streets in a pour
Ing rain, but I do wish to protes
against young girls being allowed to
do this.
When my young daughter goes to
high school I trust her to the care
the principal and teachers. Yesterday
the young girls of Lincoln High were
allowed before marching to stand tnre
hours, bare headed, with only sweaters
for wraps. Truly they were not com
pelled to do this, but they were ex
pected to make a good showing for
the school, and what girl wants to be
called a quitter?
Why did I not forbid my daughte
to march? Because I did not dream
of the principal allowing them to go
in the rain. My daughter came bom
at 6 o'clock, drenched to the skin,
chilled through and hysterical from fa
tigue.
If I had allowed her to dance half
the night and sent her to school unfit
for the next day's work the school
would call me to account. Have I not
the same privilege? Why can't we hav
an asistant principal, a woman, who
can regulate these things?
AN INDIGNANT MOTHER.
Monaco, Seat of Paganism.
Pathfinder.
Monaco, the famous little princi
pality on the shore of the Mediter
ranean, was overrun by Moors during
the middle ages and held by them as a
seat of paganism for more than 200
years, Grlmaldi. a Genoese captain,
finally driving them out and winning
leadership In the little nation as his
reward.
Memorable Features of Portland's
Great Patriotic Parade Pictured
The Sunday Oregonian
Seven solid columns of fine photography, comprising a number of
views of persons and incidents in the Patriotic Parade, when 20,000
patriots, of all ages and nationalities, marched as enthusiasts for
America united. Captain W. H. Hardy, who sailed to Japan with
Commodore Perry; Joe Hardy, newsboy, optimist against odds; the
musket that blazed at Lexington, and rank on rank of marching
patriots these, and more, in a pictorial page that should be pre
served as a historical document.
BIG MACHINERY OF DEFENSE A plainly told tale, unhampered
by technicality, of the arms and devices of defensive warfare to
be utilized by" the United States. New coast guns, portable forts
on wheels, battleplanes and other military safeguards, with a
glance at the naval and military means of effective preparation.
HERBERT KAUFMAN'S WEEKLY PAGE Clear and high as a
bugle at morning is Kaufman's convincing and stirring appeal "To
a German-American," appearing on his page in the Sunday issue.
Read it, whoever you may be, for no saner, more righteous concep
tionf of Americanism has ever passed through a linotype to the
printed page.
MOUNT MKLNLEY. NATIONAL PARK Frank G. Carpenter, spe
cial Alaskan correspondent to The Sunday Oregonian, writes of
this region of natural wonders, where rear the highest of North
American peaks. Plentifully illustrated with photographs, and
told in the swift, easy narrative style that has brought Mr. Car
penter to high favoritism: with thousands of readers.
OLD POEMS POUR IN A worried man Is the Old Poems editor.
Try as he may, he cannot keep pace and space with the persistent
influx of olden ballads and verses, which readers of The Sunday
Oregonian want him to publish. But he does the best he can, and
seven columns of ancient favorite poesy appear each seventh day.
The one you spoke at school, ever and ever so long ago, may be
there this week. Look.
SUNDAY CHURCH SERVICES In Portland tomorrow many min
isters will devote a part of the service to the doctrine of "kind
ness to animals," in recognition of Humane Sunday. Announce
ments of all services, with other items of interest, appear in the
Sunday issue. Read Rev. W. G. Eliot's sermon on National unity
of spirit.
PATRIA "Peace on the Border," 12th episode of the Bpeedy serial
by Louis Joseph Vance, proves aught but peaceful for poor Patria,
last of the fighting Channings. Appearing in the Sunday issue
and shown In photoplay at local theaters.
All the News of All the World.
t
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN Five Cents.
The Boaster.
By James Barton Adams.
When rumors of war were first heard
n the land and patriot eyes were
glow with light of devotion to Old
Glory and the red blood grew warm in
ts flow, he often unllmbered his jaw
and turned loose in the 'height of
bellgerent moods how he at the first
call to arms would produce the highest
grade patriot goods. He'd rush to tha
colors, grasp rifle in hand, and breast
the full force of the storm of desperate
warfare on sea or on land; face slaugh-
er in any old form. His valiant
ancestors clear down to the roots of his
patriot family tree were fighters from
war-heatd noggins to boots, were
heroes In war history. It ran In the
blood In a generous flood and. If war
clouds should blanket the sun, he'd be
one of the first loyalists to make good
by attaching himself -.to a gun. . Th
gathering war cloud has now put a
rlmp in oft acclaimed patriot pluck, he
goes about town with a cane and a
limp and damns his abominable luck.
The rheumatlz hit him a terrible swat,
his liver Is all out o' whack, his mus
cles seem tied in a double bowknot and
he's wearing a pain in his back; his
eyesight's bo bad that he never could
aim a gun in the face of the foe, and.
though he with patriot fire is aflame,
he's not In condition to go. and all of
his neighbors who long have endured
the boasts he so volubly aired well
know the darned slacker can never ba
cured till the news comes that peace is
declared. The boasters who prate of
their courage to men who'll lend them
the use of their ears will shy like a
horse at, an elephant when the smoke
of the battle appears, but the earnest
faced, quiet young fellows who pause
na consider the price to be paid, then
loyally offer their lives to the cause are
the stuff of which fighters are made.
THE AMERICAN FLAG.
When Freedom, from her mountain
height.
Unfurled her standard to the air.
She tore the azure robe of night.
And set the stars of glory there!
She mingled with its gorgeous dyes
The milky baldric of the skies.
And striped Its pure celestial white
With streaklngs of the morning light;
Then, from his mansion in the sun.
She called her eagle-bearer down.
And gave into his mighty hand
The symbol of her chosen land.
Flag of the brave! thy folds shall fly.
The sign of hope and triumph high!
Whan speaks the signal trumpet tone.
And the long line comes gleaming on.
Ere yet the life-blood, warm and wet.
Has dimmed the glistening bayonet.
Each soldier's eye shall brightly turn
To where thy sky-born glories burn.
And, as his springing steps advance.
Catch war and vengeance from the
glance. '
Flag of the free heart's hope and
home.
By angel hands to valor given.
Thy stars have lit the welkin dome.
And all thy hues were born in heaven.
Forever float that standard sheet!
Where breathes the foe but falls be
fore us.
With Freedom's soil beneath our feet.
And Freedom's banner streaming o'er
us?
Joseph Rodman Drake,
Germany's Munition Exports.
PORTLAND. April 20 (To the Edi
tor.) A correspondent from Weston,
Or., signing D. B., asked me to give,
through The Oregonian. my source of
authority for Btating that Germany
furnished Great Britain with munitions
during the Boer War. In answer I will
say, a special from Washington, D. C..
dated August 15, says:
"An appendix to Secretary Lansing's
reply to the Austrian note objecting
to American exports of arms and am
munition to tho allies gives the figures
of exports of arms and ammunition by
Germany and Austria-Hungary to Great
Britain during the four years of le89,
1900, 1901, 1602, in the Boer War. The
exact amount of all arms and munitions
and their character-during these years
are given in reply."
ISAAC PEART.
True Support Given.
PORTLAND, Or., April 20. (To the
Editor.) I am and was a "Wilson Re
publican" and many times during Wil
son's first term and in his last cam
paign did I feel that you were ex
tremely unfair and sometimes almost
treasonable.
But since war has been declared you
have by your editorials made me ad
mire your course, for I sincerely think
that you are giving the President and
the flag sincerer loyalty and truer
support than any other city paper and
than some Democratic papers that 1
read.
I certainly take off my hat to you
and Bay,- honor to you.
JUST A COMMON MAN.