THE BIORNIXG OKEGONIAIT, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 21. 1917.
SAFE CONDUCTS DO
NOT PROTECT SHIPS
MAP SHOWING PROGRESS OF BRITISH ADVANCE IN FRANCE.
CONSUL GONFlRfilS
DETAILS OF SINKING
Belgian Relief Vessels Well
Identified When Attacked
.1 in Neutral Zone.
Two Torpedoes Fired at Amer
ican Stealer Vigilancia
Without Warning.
U-BOAT GIVES NO WARNING
15 OF CREW DROWNED
Trotest Sent to Germany by Com
missionSubmarine Commander
Excuses Act, Saying He Did
Xot Understand Signals.
liOlfDON. March 20. The London of
fice of the Commission of Relief In
Helglum has given the Associated Press
the following statement regarding the
f helling of the relief ships Tunisia and
Haelen, with the killing of several
members of their crews, reported In
last night's dispatches.
"The Tunisie and the Haelen were
attacked by a submarine without warn
ing outside the danger zone, 66:15 north
-latitude, 5:32 east longitude (off the
southwest coast of Norway). The ships
were not sunk. The port boat of the
Haelen was smashed by a shell and
seven "men were killed. There la a
hole In. the Haelen's port bunker at
about the water line. Sundry damage
was done to decks and engines. The
Tunisie is proceeding on her voyage.
The killed include the first and third
officers.
"Apparently the Haelen proceeded
tinder her own steam to Etavanger,
Korway, where temporary repairs were
ordered, after which she proceded to
her American destination.
Seaplanes Circle Vesel.
"The pilot reports that while he was
leaving the ships off the Hook of Hol
land five German seaplanes appeared
end after circling around and examin
ing the ships flew northward.
"The ships sailed from Rotterdam
last Friday and passed the Hook of
Holland for Sandy Hook, all via the
north route, with sailing instructions
to keep out of the danger zone. All had
double sets of lighting equipment and
safety markings, consisting of four
each of flags, pennants, side cloths,
deck banners, signal balls, lamps and
tanks; also safe conducts issued by the
German government, with photographic
reproductions of the sailing directions
and a gruarantee of safety after March
35, sealed and certified as correct by
the German Legation at The Hague
attached to the passes.
"The shelled ships sailed In company
with three other Belgian ships under
commission charter, all carrying simi
lar safety markings and passes and all
eailing in ballast for American ports to
load food supplies for the people of
Belgium and Northern France.
Protest Sent, Germany,
'"A protest has been made by. the
commission to the German government
through the Dutch, Spanish and German
Legations at The Hague, the German
authorities in Belgium and the Spanish
Ambassador in London and a report has
been sent to the State Department in
Washington."
The attack on the relief ships was
reported in an Amsterdam dispatch last
night. A Stavanger dispatch reported
eight men killed on a relief steamer,
the name of which was given as the
Eellen. this undoubtedly referring to
the Haelen. Both the ships attacked
are of Belgian nationality,, the Tunisie
registering 2.467 tons and the Haelen
B230 tons.
CHRISTIANTA. via London. March 20.
k The commander of the submarine
that shelled the relief steamer Haelen
excused his action to Captain Stand
aert, of the Haelen, by saying that he
had not understood the signals of the
eteamer. The members of the crew
killed were Belgians.
INTERVENTION IS ASKED
CX BAN LIBERALS APPEAL
AMERICAN OFFICIALS.
TO
United States Naval Men, However, Are
Careful Not to Give Idea of
L Interference.
6ANTIAGO, Cuba, March 15. (Corre
rpondence of the Associated Press.)
Liberals formerly high In government
rank have begun an insistent propa
ganda for American Intervention.
Scrupulous care has been exercised
by Captain Belknap, commanding the
American forces ashore, not to give the
Cubans the Idea that the United States
Government Is Interfering in their af
Xairs. The Cuban police have continued
their duties as usual, courts have con
tinued functioning and American Naval
officers have been punctilious in all
their dealings with Cuban officials not
to appear to be exceeding their author
ity. In return, they have been the re
cipients of appeals to induce the
American Government to authorize a
more extended occupation of the island
and a supervision of elections.
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FilR.ASQUITH REPLIES
Report of Dardanelles Com
mission Warmly Criticised.
LORD KITCHENER DEFENDED
Winston Churchill Declares . Find
ings Tell Only Hall Truths and
Says Plans Were Passed On
by Experts of. Two Nations.
LONDON, March 20. An energ-etlc
defense of the late Lord Kitchener was
made In the House of Commons today
by ex-Premier Asqulth. who replied to
the criticisms leveled at his govern
ment in the recently published report
of the Dardanelles commission.
"Lord Kitchener was a masterful
man, endowed with formidable per
sonality and disposed by nature to
keep his own counsel," eajd Mr. Asqulth.
"But It Is a mistake to suggest that
he lived in isolation and did not con
sult military opinion as to the conduct
of the war. That Is untrue but It Is
true that during the early months of
the war he acted as his own chief of
staff.
"When war broke out the general
staff were sent to the front. Their
places were taken by officers who had
been In retirement. The best and high
est authority at that time was Lord
Kitchener himself. Upon no man In
history had a heavier burden been cast
and nothing fills me with greater In
dignation than the attack made on
Lord Kitchener whose memory is In no
danger and will live."
Mr. Asqulth said the Dardanelles ex
pedition was primarily a naval one be
cause Lord Kitchener proved to the
satisfaction of the war council that the
resources to make It a Joint military
and naval undertaking were not avail
able. The war council spent three
weeks in examining the country's
available resources in men and in ob
taining opinions of experts. British
and French navs.l expert opinion
favored the enterprise. The adverse
view of Lord Fisher, - then first sea
lord, was not founded on technical
naval objections but upon his prefer
ence for a different objective in a
totally different sphere of operations.
The delay In sending troops. Mr.
Asqulth continued, was due to tha- Rus
sian position which was then bad and
pressure was brought to bear by both
the British and French commanders in
chief to keep their troops in France.
Mr. Asqulth asserted the Dardanelles
operations had saved the situation in
the Caucasus, prevented for months
the defection of Bulgaria to the central
powers, kept SOO.000 Turks mobilize?,
destroyed some of the finest troops In
the Turkish army and contributed to
the favorable results witnessed In
Egypt, Mesopotamia and Persia.
GERMANS LEAD FOE 0N
(Continued From First Far.)
while, more Important still, all the
enemy plans are likewise of no worth.
"They must make entirely new ones
to cope with the new situation. This
is a difficult matter, entailing weeks,
yes, months, of works and requiring
an enormous quantity of new observa
tion. Meanwhile the enemy la left at
the mercy of ojir plans.
New Positions Strong.
"It Is most Important to remember
that the new positions we are taking
up back of the old front are built with
the aid of every possible device devel
oped by two and a half years of war
fare. The old positions were the result
of the breaking off of the unfinished
offensive towards Paris.
"Many portions of our positions were
nexa only with the greatest diffleultv
The trenches were difficult to main
tain and the artillery observation
points, so Important in this kind of
warfare, were few.
"The new positions are laid out in
the best possible locations, with the
finest of observation points and deep
concrete sneiters ror the battery nosi
tions. While the enemy is coming up
to them ho will bo i la the greatest
possible difficulties himself In the dev
astated battlefield.
"I regret exceedingly that this move
Is forcing destruction of a beautiful
part of France. Yet the destruction is
not so great as the devastation In
flicted by the British and French on
the Somme battlefield, and when the
entente refused our peace proposal it
took the responsibility of the destruc
tion upon itself. It 'is a war measure.
We are compelled to take it to carry
out a military plan to meet the big
offensive the entente had planned. We
have destroyed nothing except out of
military necessity. We saved every
thing we could. We had to make a
battlefield out of the territory we were
giving up, for In it fighting will now
take place, and we could leave nothing
in the hands of the enemy.
"It has been hard, too, for the French
population, but that is the fault of their
government. All the men of millt-ry
age we took back with us. The re
mainder we have turned over to their
countrymen, and they now are In
French hands.
I know we Will be accused uriln
of barbarism, but we are fighting for
uur existence. vve were compelled by
the refusal of the entente to make
peace to defend ourselves against their
promised offensive. We have done
everything: we could to avoid needless
suffering, but what happens is their
iauii, hoc ours.
We expect the entente to claim .11
this as a great victory. They will say
they recaptured these cirl Th.v
have not. They have not won them
ve are not moving back
because of enemy pressure, but we are
reshaping the western front so thai- -aim.
will have an aggressive initiative. Just
iu uiis manner von Hlndenburg drew
back the lines in Poland In the wint.
of 1914 to make possible the great of
fensive of 1916. and similarly we per
mitted the Roumanians to sweep across
the Carpathians last Summer that we
ujisui uesiroy ineir armies when thev
got out of their own lines.
The .Roumanian camDaiam ahnw.
what the possibilities of the present
uiuveuieui are. 11 is tne onlv kind of
strategy that can make possible a de
cision on tne western front.
EXPERTS FULL OF CONFIDENCE
Past Strategy of Von JHlndenburg la
v Retreat Pointed Out,
BERLIN, Monday. March 1, Ha.
""'"on, JJiarcn 20. xne mornlne- news
papers today gave the German public
its first news of the big events on the
front in France. All publish articles
by military experts explaining the
movement as part of the strategical
plan of the general staff for a decision
on the western front and a master
stroke to vitiate the preparations of the
eutenie ior an oiiensive, giving a
decided advantage to the Germans.
xmese writers are unanimous in ri
pressing the fullest confidence in Field
......xAuuwic iiia xeuiscn
1 asi:n icuuu Bit) w .
"This Is not the first strateel
retreat Von Hlndenburg has executed
In this war. It Is necessary only to
remember his great retreat from before
Warsaw and the partial evacuation of
Transylvania. Thus far these retreats
of Von Hindenbursr always have borne
fruit a hundredfold, so that we may
face the new measure of our highest
military commander with well-founded
confidence and the fullest assurance
that it furnishes the preliminary to
The Morgenpost says:
."The German people can and rrmnt
have, the fullest confidence in their
leaders, especially on Hlndenburg and
his able counsellor and assistant, Von
Ludendorff. Developments may be
awaited witn cairn connaenco."
The Vossische Zeltung says:
"We must not forget that tne m
Von Hlndenburg- who began the
Transylvanian campaign with a retreat
and who In 1914 evacuated a conquered
strip of Poland to strike the Russians
like a bolt of lighting now stands
master of the battles a our western
front-"
HONOLULU RAIN 13 INCHES
Day's Precipitation Is Double of
That of Record 2 4 Honrs.
SAN FRANCIS CO, March 20. Hono
lulu, T. H., was wet today with a rain
fall of 13.34 Inches for 24 hours, end
ing at 8 o'clock this morning, accord
ing to a report received here by the
United States Weather Bureau, whose
records show the precipitation double
that eve recorded for the area.
There was no wind and no reports
of damage were received.
Several Victims ' Are Citizens of
United States and Survivors
Drift More Than Two Days.
Memphis Captain Safe.
WASHINGTON. March 20. Consul-
General Skinner at London forwarded
to the State Department today a dis
patch from tha Consul at Plymouth giv
ing the most complete pfficial report
yet received on the unwarned torpedo
ing of the American steamer Vigilancia
with a loss of 16 lives. Including sev
eral nctlve American citizens. The
report follows:
'Vigilancia. of Wilmington. Del..
from New Tork to Havre with general
cargo of smelter structural Iron, as
bestos, dried rruit and straw, sunk
without warning on March 1 in lati-
tuae 4s:B7. longitude 9:84. or about 145
miles from nearest land, by torpedo
from submarine of unknown nation
ality. Two Torpedoes Fired.
"Two torpedoes fired at ship, first
missed, second struck ship on star
board side by third hatch. Ship sank
in 10 minutes. Weather at time clear
with moderate sea swell. No other ves
sel In sight. Crew of 43 men attempted
to abandon ship in two lifeboats.
Ocean swell, 25 men were washed out
of boat. Of these, 10 were saved and
15 drowned.
"Among the drowned were Third En
gineer Carl Adeholde, a native Ameri
can citizen, and Third Officer Neils
North, a naturalized American citizen.
Some-of the crew drowned were Ameri
can . citizens. -
Crew la Adrift 84 Bonn.
"Crew adrift In lifeboats from Fri
day morning at 10 o'clock until Sun
day afternoon, 4 o'clock. Submarine
of unknown nationality followed life
boats at distance of 60 yards from 10
o'clock Friday night to 4 o'cloolt Satur
day morning. Submarine and lifeboats
did not speak.
"Survivors landed St. Mary's In own
boats after suffering greatly from cold,
wet and fatigue. One seaman, a
Spaniard, paralyzed from exposure.
11113 inrormatlon was obtained by
telegraphone from Penzance. Crew
coming to Plymouth today."
Consul Frost at Queenstown an
nounced the arrival of the missing men
rrom tne American steamer City of
Memphis at Glasgow in the following
Drier dispatch:
"Captain Borum, City of Memphis.
and his eight boat's crew landed safe
ly Glasgow, care Consul McCunn."
RAIDER OF LONDON LOST
Berlin Admits Mission of Zeppelin
Destroyed in Prance.
BERLIN. March 20. (By wireless to
Sayville. N. Y.) The Admiralty an
nounces that Zeppelin L-39. which was
brought down near Compiegne, France,
last Saturday, was one of the airships
which took part In the London raid of
tne previous night.
The Indicated course of the Zeppelin
was irom its base, presumably in Bel
gium, across the Channel to England
thence back across French territory to
Paris, and then 45 miles in a northeast
erly direction to Compiegne, where It
met its late.
CZAR MAY BECOME EXILE
(Continued From First Page.) -
Ing that -the Tsarskoe-Selo garrison
had revolted and that the Empress had
appealed to the Duma for protection.
Nicholas pondered the situation, then
said:
"I shall go to Moscow. Mrosovskl
(commander of the Moscow garrison)
used to say Moscow always would de
fend me."
At Bologole was received a telegram
saying that the. Moscow garrison had
Joined the revolution. The train re
turned to Dno, where it met the train
bearing General Ivanoff.
The General related everything which
had taken place, adding:
"There Is only one thing to do now.
It is to open the Dvina front to the
Germans and let them quiet the
canaille,' Nicholas rejected 'the sugges
tion, exclaiming angrily:
"I shall never become a traitor to my
country."
Then Nicholas broke down and wept.
After a moment he said:
"If only I knew my wife and children
were safe, I should go to Llvadia quiet
ly to finish my life and let Michael
govern the country. He Is well liked
by the people. I will sign my abdica
tion and then go back to the army,
say good-bye to the soldiers and let
them do as they like. I shall not stand
in the way."
This last colloquoy occurred on the
station platform. Nicholas, who was
dressed in a soldier's coat with a Colo
nel's shoulder straps, and a sheepskin
hat tilted back, frequently mopped his
brow. He gazed about In an abstracted
manner and then mounted the steps of
his car. Thereupon the train moved off.
WOMEN'S RIGHTS EXTENDED
Measure of Suffrage Probable In New
Russian Constitution.
LONDON, March 20. One of the most
noteworthy movements among the po
litically rejuvenated populace of Petro
grad is the growing agitation for the
participation of women in the political
life of the country. A Reuter dispatch
from Petrograd says it is generally be
lieved some promise of woman suffrage
will be Incorporated In the new con
stitution when the constituent assem
bly convenes.
Reform not only in Politics, bnt tn
the army Is proceeding apace. At the
Instance of the new War Minister, a
"commmlsslon for army reform", was
assembled, presided over by General
Polivanoff, former Minister of War.
The commission purposes abolition of
many social restrictions on private sol
diers. Reports that an agitation la In prog
ress among leaders of the council of
workmen and soldiers and that it Is
interfering with the work of the new
government were strbwn to be baseless,
the dispatch says, by the action of the
council in voting 1170 to 30 in favor
of resuming work.
The government has issued an edict
temporarily retiring all provincial gov
ernors and vice-governors. replacing
them by president of Zemstvos in the
capacity of commissioners of the pro
visional government. The provisional
militia is betas recruited to replace the
police,
V Portland's First Wheat
tV?'T Exported in 1868
V vS!ow'', e " e"ft One Of an Interesting series recalling events
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. ' 1868, when a Summer
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ST
First for three Generation's
NEWRUSSIAINFAVQB
Early Recognition by America
Forecast at Washington.
LEADERS HELD IN ESTEEM
Revolutionary Government Is TTn
opposed, Says United States Am
bassador Francis, Who Con
firms Official Assurance.
WASHINGTON, March 20. .Early
recognition by the United States of the
new government set up by revolution
ists In Russia was forecast here to
day In the belief that, with good order
now prevailing, the plans being made
for a permanent constitutional govern
ment call for the moral support of this
country. All reports to the State De
partment indicate that the army and
navy are supporting the provisional
government. '
. Ambassador Francis at retrograd
summarized the situation In the follow
ing cablegram:
"The last week has seen the most
astonishing revolution. Two hundred
million people who have lived under
absolute monarchy for 1000 years and
who are now engaged In the greatest
war In history have forced their Em
peror to abdicate for himself and his
son and Induced the brother, to whom
.was transferred Imperial authority, to
accept on condition that a constitu
tional assembly be held. If the people
so wish, and who will exercise power
under authority of government framed
by that assembly.
New Government Unopposed.
"No opposition to present . govern
ment, which is council of ministers ap
pointed by committee of 12 named by
the Duma. Absolute quiet here and
throughout all Russia. Rodzlanko and
Milukoff assure me the whole army and
navy in support. Everything learned
from unofficial sources confirms.
"Plan of provisional government to
call constituent assembly or convention.
whose members be elected by the whole
people and who will be empowered to
organize a good government. Whether
republic or constitutional monarchy is
undecided, but tne conclusions of the
assembly will be accepted by the peo
ple and enforced by the army and
navy."
America Is Sympathetic.
The United States always looks-wlth
favor upon a movement for the exten
sion of republicanism and has been
eager to be among the first to wel
come Into the family of nations new
The "Joffre
Dobbs Fifth Avenue
A strong Eastern and
Western favorite for Spring:
The "Joffre" is just as it
is shown here All the
"dash" in line and shape for
younger men in green,
gray and brown 5.
A comprehensive show
ing of the smartest Spring
blocks S3 to S6.
1 Afathis
At lreaent
MEN'S WEAR
TPROM
governments known to be founded upon
the will of the people. The Russian
movement consequently has been re
ceived with deep sympathy here, where
the quality of the present leaders is
well known and highly esteemed.
As yet no official action has been
taken because It is not felt certain
that the revolutionary elements set In
motion has entirely quieted down into
a stable government. With each day
that passes, however, the conviction
increases that republican or constitu
tional Russia has come to stay.
Those who favor Immediate accept
ance of the new regime at Petrograd
point to the possibility that the United
States soon may be co-operating with
the allies, at least to the extent of
combating Germany's submarine war
fare. SIEXACE ADMITTED IX BERLIN
Anzelger Says Russian Revolution
May Strengthen Entente.
AMSTERDAM, via London, March 20.
The Berlin Lokal Anzelger, a copy of
which has been received here, says
that if the Russian revolution has re
sulted In a decisive victory over Rus
sian absolutism. It means the disap
pearance of an important element of
weakness in the Russo-French alli
ance and makes for the stability of the
entente, as the war aims of the demo
cratic western powers could not, in the
long run. be the same as the aims of
Russian absolutism.
"The perils threatening Germany's
future would be formidably Increased
if a state with a democratic constitu
tion were to arise on her eastern fron
tier." the paper says. "The strongest
guarantees must be found against the
coalition which, through the removal
of the deep antagonism which hitherto
divided It, will become stronger and
more cohesive."
FIELD FIGHTING IS BEGUN
(Continued From First Page.)
cat was found nailed to an upright
board. A cap was on Its head and a
cigar was In Its mouth.
Horsemen Attacked From Air.
A British observation party, working
forward today on hroseback, had a
rather exciting experience. Th patrol
was attacked with machine-gun fire by
three German airplanes, which swooped
low but failed to hit any member of
the party.
Prisoners recently taken- apparently
were bewildered when told the extent
of the German retirement.
They said they thought It a great
Joke when they first heard of the Ger
man retirement: they supposed It was
solely for the purpose of getting the
British deeper and deeper Into the mud
of the Somme. But when it came to
abandoning positions that had been
fortified with months and years of
labor, there was much depression in
the ranks. Most of the German guns
that formerly boomed along the Somme
6th near Morrison
?Sc J)
the 22nd day of July;
seem to have been utterly swallowed
up.
There Is no longer doubt that the
main German forces bad already In
stalled themselves on a line before
Cambrai and St Quentin, but today fires
could be seen beyond this line, as If the
retreat had not yet been carried out to
the full limit. In the meantime the
picture behind the British lines is one
of greatest activity. Movement has
given the army wonderful Joy.
MINES AND ROADS GUARDED
Government Takes Precautions in
Intermountaln Region.
OGDEN, Utah, March 20. Delbert H.
Pape, general manager of the Lion and
the Wyoming coal companies, who re
turned today from Denver, where he
conferred with railroad officials re
garding freight traffic congestion, said.
thA (liii'orrtiiiint Vi H ntnri4 n JlPBVV
guard at each of his companies' mines
in toe hock springs aisirici, ana mat.
many. Federal guards have been sta
tioned at all bridges, tunnels and cul- :
verts of importance on the railroads
of the entire intermountaln country,
especially in the neighborhood of coal
mines.
"We have been officially warned."
said Mr. Pape, "of the Government's
intention to supervise the operation of
coal mines, if necessary, as part of the
programme of mobilization of the Gov
ernment's natural resources to be used
for National defense."
Read The Oreconlan classified ads.
SXNOPSI3 OF THE ANNUAL STATB-
- AIBT OF TUB
Northwestern Mutual Life
Insurance Company
of Milwaukee. In the State of Wisconsin, on
tha 81st day or December, lUlo. mtda to th
insurance Commissioner of the tital of
Oregon, pursuant to law:
Capital.
Amount of capita! stock psid up purely
xnutua.1.
Receipts.
Premiums $ Bl.go9.48S.Pz
Interest and rents 17,3'JK.5sj.71
All other receipts 1.60U.278.6T
Total receipts 70.732. SS4.30
Disbursements.
Death claims $ 1S.S13.1S3.SS
Matured endowments 4.839.06.V81
Annuities 245.1S3.&4
surrendered policies ......... 8,6il..ui.uo
Uivldends to policyholders ... 18.151.1U3.51
Total payments to policy
holders S 42.442.088.2T
Taxes 1.1S0.8H5.91
Commissions 6,4Go.6Go.ui
Medical examinations ana tn-
y specUon of risks 293,343.16
salaries ana an otner compen
sation of officers, trustees
and home office employes.. 924.874.S9
Printing, stationery, supplies,
furniture and fixtures..... 110.S68.1S
Postage, exchange and express-
age l-l.o. '.'.Hi
Rent (home office) 25u,000.00
All other disbursements and
adjustments 1.0S0.119.25
Total disbursements ........9 62,703.897.09
Assets.
Real estate (Including home
omce
4.099.00S.
Loans ou real estate mortgages
194. 14 rt. 609.30
63.17 7.841. 29
1.84S.184.42
111.000.00
8S.02.3.3S3.00
P79.JO0.OO
8.167.6uu.o7
.0S.8S2.4T
4.492.2U7.89
Loans on policies as collateral
Premium notes and automa-Ua
premium loans ............
United btates bonds, market
value
Other bonds, market value..
Stocks
Cash on hand and In banks...
Interest and rents due and ao
crued .....................
Due and deferred premiums. .
Total admitted assets J343.0S4.21S.14
Liabilities.
Reserve required by law. Ac
tuaries' 47. American 8. . .$326.939. 948.00
Keeerve ror annuities ana spe
cial contracts
Present value of not due in
stallments .................
Losses and endowments unad
justed, etc.
Estimated amount of Federal,
state and all other taxes pay- '
able in 191T
Unpaid accounts, medical fees,
commissions, etc
Dividends due and unpaid....
Deferred dividends pnyuble In
1017
Funds for deferred dividends
1.017.368.00
S.893.959.40
1. 443.309. TT
L0P9.840.S0
221.4S3.S4
9io.4io.ea
ei0.2S1.69
payable after 1917 1.018,588.00
Annual dividends payable in
1917 12.2S2.107.O0
Reserved for contingencies ... 10.604. 01S.7.1
Total liabilities ..863.084.213.14
Including 9S07.491.29 for death losses In
curred for which no proofs have been re
ceived. THE NORTHWFSTERV MCTTAL LEFR
INSIKASCE COMPANY.
By A. S. HATHAWAY. Secretory.
Statutory resident general agent and at
torney for service: H. R. Albee. Xortowest
era .Bank, Building, Portland, Or.