Morning Oregonian., February 21, 1917, Page 2, Image 2

TITR 3IORXTXG OIIEGONIAN, TTEDXESDAT, FEBRUARY 21, 1917.
SPY BILL PASSES
SENATE. 60 TO 10
AMERICAN WOMAN BROUGHT ACTIVELY INTO PROMINENCE
BECAUSE OF CRISIS WITH GERMANY.
AUSTRIA ASKED TO
DEFINE POSITION
Only Small Minority Fears
Liberty of Speech and
Press Is Put in Peril.
Washington Wants Clear Dec
laration of Attitude on
Submarine Issue.
HEAVY PENALTIES FIXED
PREVIOUS NOTES REVIEWED
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Making of False Statements to In
fluence Foreign Government
Penalized President Can
Seize Munitions Cargoes.
" WASHINGTON, Fob. 20. The Admin
istration espionage bill, providing; se
vere penalties for spying: on matters of
National defense and punishing: con
spiracies to violate American neutrality
was passed today by the Senate by a
vote of 60 to 10.
The bill as passed takes in 14 sepa
rate measures suggested by the Depart
ment of Justice and was put through
virtually unchanged, despite the oppo
sition of several Senators, who declared
Its terms so etrlngent as to Imperil
American' liberty of speech and of the
press. It has not passed the House.
' . Hcitt Penalties Provided.
The spy section Is far-reaching- in
character, making- It a crime, punishable
with two years' Imprisonment or $10,000
fine, to approach or enter any place
connected with the National defense to
unlawfully obtain information" or to
make photographs, blue prints, plans,
etc, of things connected with such de
fense or to dispose of a code or signal
book or model or anything- else of Na
tional defense value. Where these
things are done for a foreign govern
ment In time of peace, "whether reo
ognized or unrecognized by the United
States," the penalty Is Increased to 20
years' Imprisonment, and In time ' of
war to life.
Any person who in war time, with the
intent that it shall be communicated to
the enemy, "shall collect, record, pub
lish or communicate or attempt to
ellc It any information" with respect
to 'the movement, numbers, etc, of the
armed forces of the United States or Its
war materials or Its plans of military
or naval operations, "or. any other In
formation relating to the public defense
or calculated to be," shall be punished
with death or by a fine and not more
than 30 years Imprisonment
Absence of Intent Considered.
This penalty Is reduced to three years"
Imprisonment where there is no intent
that the information be communicated
to an enemy, but where it might be
useful to such enemy.
The President ha arbitrary power to
designate other things and places in
addition to those specifically named
which shall be Included In the term
National defense.
The bill Includes sections making- It a
crime to make untrue statements under
oath to Influence the conduct of a for
eign government In any dispute or con
troversy with the United States: to
punish the impersonation of foreign
government officials; to regulate the
issuance of passports, and punish their
forgery, and the conduct and move
ments of interned soldiers or sailors.
Ships Can Be Seised.
Another important section authorizes
the President to seize, detain or con
demn munitions of war and ships carrying-
or about to carry them, destined
to an enemy of a nation with which the
United States is at peace, and in so doing-
he is. empowered to use the Army
and Navy.
Regulation of the anchorage and
movements of foreign ships in the wa
ters of the United States, in case of
National emergency, is provided In an
other section, with power given to
place guards on such ships to prevent
damage. It is made punishable with
two years Imprisonment for any person
commanding or In charge of any pri
vate foreign or domestlo ship to destroy
or Injure it or to permit it to be used
as a place of resort by conspirators
. against the United States or its treaties
or obligations.
TURKS DEFEAT BRITISH
brigade: almost annihilate:!.
SAYS CONSTANTINOPLE'.
Position Once Lost la Recaptured With
Insignificant Losses Officer. 60
Men and Machine Gna Taken.
BERLIN. Feb. 19. (By wireless to
Sayville, N. Y Feb. 20.) A report from
Constantinople headquarters, dated
February 18, reads:
"South of the Tigris the main body
of the enemy withdrew about 10 kilo
meters, leaving behind only observa
tion posts in the position evacuated by
us February 17.
"The enemy, after vigorous artillery
preparation, attacked our position near
Felahie with about one brigade, sue
ceeding temporarily. In another l
' tack on our position, after hand gren
ade and hand-to-hand-ightlng, we re
captured the position completely.
"The hostile brigade was almost
completely annihilated. We took pris
oner one officer and 60 men and cap
tured one machine gun. Our losses
were insignificant."
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MRS. BRAND WHITLOCK, WIFE OF
GIUJI, NOW AT
CITIZEN BILL PASSED
Senate Votes Civil Government
to Porto Ricans.
LEGISLATURE IS PROVIDED
Woman Suffrage Is Left to Native
Lawmakers All Laws Subject
to
Approval by Congress
and Also President.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 20. The Porto
Rlcan citizenship and civil government
bill was passed by the Senate today
without rollcalL It already had passed
the House.
All opposition was withdrawn when
Senator Shafroth amended the provi
sion relating to quallflcaton of voters.
For the first general election, voters
shall be recognized under the present
laws. Thereafter they shall be citi
zens of the United States. 21 years of
age or over and have such other qual
ifications as may be prescribed by the
Legislature, provided that a property
qualification for voting shall at no
time be Imposed. This disposed oi me
woman suffrage question. Inasmuch as
that is now left to the Legislature,
whose laws must be approved by Con
gresa The bill provides ror an residents
to become citizens of the United States
if they desire. It would provide a
governor appointed by the President,
and an executive council, composed of
commissioners of Justice, finance. In
terior, education, agriculture and labor
and health. The attorney-general and
treasurer would be appointed by the
President and the other members 'by
the Governor.
Legislative powers would be lodged
In a Legislature elected by the peo
ple, the Senate to consist of 19 mem
bers elected for four years, two each
from seven districts and five Senators-
at-Large. The House of Representa
tives would consist of 39 members.
elected quadrennially.
The Legislature would elect a com
missioner to the United States and all
Its laws would be subject to approval
by Congress, the President also having
the veto power.
EXPLOSION KILLS 1500
30O0 WOUNDED A"
SAYS BERLIN
' ARCHANGETL,
REPORT.
Archangel Naval Station Declared
t
Have Sustained Damage Amount.
Ins to 50,000,000 Rabies.
to
BERLIN, Feb. 20. (By Wireless to
Sayville.) It is reported from Copen
hagen, says the Overseas News Agency,
that 1500 persons were killed and 3000
wounded In an explosion of ammunl
tion at Archangel. Russia. The damage
is nlaced at 60,000,000 rubles.
"A Copenhagen telegram says that
travelers returning from Russia, de
clare that the last great explosion at
Archangel was much more considerable
than was made known in dispatches
from Russia," says the News Agency.
"The explosion took place at the naval
station while ammunition was being
unloaded from a steamer. Not a trace
of this steamer remained. The explo
sion killed or wounded every one with
in a radius of one kilometer, 1600 per
sons being killed and 3000 wounded,
The damaga amounted to 60,000,000
rubles."
It was reported on February 4 that
an Ice breaker at Archangel bad blown
up and that 30 persons were believed
to have been Killed and 800 injured.
Progress of the War.
HMALL attacks and. counter attacks.
O mostly by raiding or reconnolterlng
parties, and artillery duels, violent on
several sectors of the Italian front,
continue In all the war theaters. No
where has a big battle been ntartei.
On the front In France bad weather
Is hindering operations, but neverthe
less the British have carried out sue
cessfully minor offensives against the
UNITED S TATE! MINISTER TO BEL.
BRUSSELS.
Germans near Armentleres and Tpres,
while the Germans have raided a Brit
ish trench south of Letransloy and re
pulsed a British thrust near Messlnes.
The British have shelled German
trenches In the vicinity cf Sallly-Sall-
lisel. La Bassee, Messlnes and Wit
schaete with good effect, according to
the British War Office, while the
French guns are de- lared by Paris to
have shattered German positions north
west of hill 304. in the Verdun sector.
The Russians and the Teutonlo allies
have met In clashes at several points
in Russia. Gallcla and Rou mania, but
neither side obtained any great ad
vantage.
In the Italian theater the Austrlans
entered Italian trenches near Casere
Zeblo Pastorlle through tunnels dug
beneath tho snow, but according: to
Rome they were driven out In hand-to-hand
fighting. Intense artillery
duels are In progress on the Carso
Plateau and east of Gorlzla, -
On the Etna! Peninsula the British
at Blr-el-Hassana captured In a su
prise attack a small Turkish garrison
and forced a similar garrison at Nekhl
to flee, says a British official com
munication.
Two Americans were on board the
Norwegian steamer Dalbeatle when
she was sunk Saturday by the shell-
rtre oz a submarine Neither was in
lured. All the crew escaped.
Two flshinfr schooners totalllnar SOS
tons were the only vessels renortei
xuesaay as nawngr teen sunk bv sub-
mH.rmca.
The American Ambassador to Aiib-
trla-Hungary has handed a note to the
Foreig-n Minister reauestlnar clear and
final information as to the standpoint
or Austria-Hungary regarding sub
marine warfare and whether previous
assurances given by that government
are to be regarded as changed or with
drawn.
POTATO CROP IS SHORT
PRINCIPAL NATIONS' TOTAL
OCT-
PUT IS PER CENT LESS.
French Grain Acreage Reduced I Aus
tralia Wheat Proportion la In
creased Over Last Year.
WASHINGTON. Feb. 20. Increased
production of wheat In Australia, re
duced acreages of wheat and rye In
France, and a decreased production of
potatoes In the principal countries was
reported by cable today to the Depart
ment of Agriculture from the Interna
tional Institute of Agriculture at Rome.
Australia's wheat crop Is placed at
143.487.000 bushels. That Is 68.6 per
cent more than the five-vear average
and slightly larger than the previous
year's crop.
France's wheat area anwn last
Autumn is given as 10,669.000 acres, or
16 per cent less than the previous year,
amd the rye acreage as 2,046.000 or
10.1 per cent less than the previous
year.-
Potato production In the nutted
States, Canada, France, Great Britain.
Italy, Netherlands and Japan aggre
gates 1.063.209,000 bushels for last
year, a reduction of 13.6 per cent from
tne previous year and 11.4 per cent
irom tne nve-year average.
DAM BILL TAKEN UP AGAIN
House Rescinds Recent Action and
Reappoints Conferees. ,
WASmNGTO'N. Feb. 20. Rescinding
Its action of a week ago discharging
douse conierees from further consid
eration or mo. general dam bill on ac
count of an apparently hopeless dis
agreement between the House and' Sen
ate, tne House today reappointed con
f erees with a view to trying again
to reach an agreement.
The bill passed both houses at the
last session and has been under dead
lock In conference ever since. Presl
dent Wilson has urged action at this
session on water-power legislation and
further efforts will be made to accom
plish something.
Impeachment Charge Falls.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 20. Represen
tative Lindbergh, of Minnesota, told the
House judiciary committee today he
had no direct evidence to support his
Impeachment charges against the Fed
eral Reserve Board. The affair is con
slderad, rlosed.
Ambassador Fenf leld Delivers For
mal Demand, Which Vienna For
eign Office ' Promises to
. (Consider ' Carefully.-
LONDON. Feb. 20. Frederic C Pen-
fl-el-d. American Ambassador at Vienna,
is said by Reuter's Amsterdam corre
spondent to have delivered to th
Auitro-STungarlan Foreign "Minister a
request for a clear and final definition
of Austria-Hungary attitude regard
ing submarine warfare.
The Foreign Ministry. - the dlenatoa
said, will submit the request to a thor
ough examination and then make a
reply.
Following 1 the text of the aide
memoire as forwarded by Reuter's Am
sterdam correspondent:
in note No. 4167. of December 9.
1915. the American Government laid
down the points of view whereby It
was guidd regarding the activity- of
submarines In naval warfare. These
points of view were on an earlier oc
casion clearly expressed to the Ger
man government, and the United States
Government was of the opinion that
tne Austro-Hungarian government was
acquainted therewith.
Note No. 6735 Bent In Reply.
"The Austro-Hungarian government
replied with note No. 6735. of December
14. 1915. wherein It declared it had,
neither adequate knowledge of the ex
change of Ideas which had taken place
between the United States and Ger
many, nor was of the opinion that even
complete knowledge would suffice for
Judgment in regard to the Ancona In
cident, as the questions arising from
this incident bore a different character.
"Nevertheless the Austro-Hungarian
Foreign Ministry declared in note No.
6949, of December 21, 1915: 'As regards
the principle set up in the very es
teemed note that enemy private ships,
provided they do not flee or offer re
sistance, should not be destroyed be
fore the passengers are placed In safety.
the Austro-Hungarian government Is in
a position to assent in the main to this
view of the Washington Cabinet.
Ancona Affair la Guide.
"Further, the Austro-Hungarian gov
ernment on the occasion of the sinking
or the steamer Persia, in January, 1916,
declared that although not Informed re
garding this Incident It would be guided
by the principles whereto It agreed In
the Ancona affair, should events prove
that responsibility falls on Austro
Hungary In this matter.
"Simultaneously with the communi
cation from the 'German government
on the 10th of January, 1916, the
Austro-Hungarian government declared
that every merchant ship which for
whatever purpose was armed with a
gun forfeits by this circumstance alone
the character of a peaceful vessel, and
that In consideration of these clrcum
stances the Ausstro-Hungarlan naval
forces had received orders to treat such
vessels as warships.
No Reply Is Received.
"In conformity with this declaration
ships whereon were American citizens
were sunk in the Mediterranean, pre
sumably by Austro-Hungarian sub
marines. Some of these ships, for ex
ample, the Kngllsh steamer Welsh
Prince, were torpedoed without warn
ing by a submarine under the Austro
Hungarian flag. The American Am
bassador at Vienna requested Informa
tion regarding these cases, but thus far
has received no reply."
"At the same time as the German
declaration of January 81, 1917, which
described certain portions of the sea
off the coasts of the entente countries
as exposed to danger from submarines,
the Austro-Hungarian government
made known that Austria-Hungary and
her allies as from February 1 would
prevent, with all available means, ship
ping within the denned barred area.
"From the foregoing It can be con
cluded that assurance given on the oc
casion of the Ancona case and renewed
on the occasion of the discussion of
the Persia case is in all material re
spect the same assurance contained in
the note of the German government of
May 4, which reads:
In conformity with the general prin
ciples of international law concerning
the holding up, search and destruction
of merchant ships, such ships will not
be sunk either Inside or outside that
portion of the sea which has been de
clared a naval war zone without pre
vious warning and without taking such
means as are available for saving hu
man lives, unless such ships flee or
endeavor to offer resistance, and that
this assurance is more or less altered
by the declaration of the Austro-Hungarian
government of February 16 and
January 31. '
Washing-ton In Donbt.
"Since the United States Government
is in doubt regarding the meaning to
be attached to the declarations, espe
cially the last. It desires to be Anally
and clearly informed of the standpoint
which the Austro-Hungarian govern
ment adopts in these circumstances, and
also whether the assurance given in
the Ancona and Persia cases is to be
regarded as changed or withdrawn."
The correspondent adds:
"We learn that the material contents
of this aide memoire will be submitted
at the Foreign Ministry to an exhaus
tive examination from the standpoint
of International law and then will be
answered."
CHILD IS U-BOAT GUEST
CAPTAIN SAID TO HAVE STJNK LT7SI-
TANIA TENDER HOST,
Destmc-tlom of Ammunition Ship Nearly
Proves Undoing; of Submarine) Fam
ily Entertained at Hellogolaad.
COPENHAGEN, via London. Feb. 20.
Solveig Jacobsen. the 6-year-old
daughter of a Norwegian shipmaster.
who has arrived here with her parents
on the way to Norway, has the dis
tinction not only of being the first
child to make a voyage on a German
submarine, but of being the guest dur
ing the eight-day trip of the subma
rine commander, who Is declared to
have sunk the ' Lueltanla. Solvelgs
father, Iaaah Jacobsen, was master of
the Norwegian ship Thor II, which was
sunk by the submarine.
The U-boat towed the ship's boats
with the crew of 28 aboard toward
land for a while and finally left them
to shift for themselves, but the com
mander retained the master, his wife
and child on the submarine while he
continued the cruise.
The operations, however, were of
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The Greatness of Murad
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Murad stands alone in Popularity be
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IminiMil L
THE TURMSitf OGAREBTE
short duration, for the next ship en
countered proved to be laden with amJ
munition for France. The submarine
was so shaken by the terrific explosion
when the steamer was torpedoed and
by an encounter with a British destroy
er, which all but sank the U-boat by
ramming, that one of Its engines was
put out of commission and the com
mander determined to make his his
home harbor for repairs.
The submarine limped homeward
along a route west of Ireland and north
of the Shetlands while dodging many
British patrol ships and destroyers.
finally coming Into port Helgoland In
fairly good shape, the crew having suc
ceeded in repairing the engines on the
voyage. Captain Jacobsen. the master
of the Thor IL In describing the ex-
perences. dwelt on the human side of
the man who he came to understand
was the Lusltanla's destroyer, as 'shown
In the treatment of little Solveig. The
child was adopted as a sort of mascot
on the submarine and was decorated
with a bit of ribbon from the com
mander's iron cross, which he received
for an earlier achievement.
Pkouoarrapa Plays Greta.
The submarine's phonograph played
Solveig's Songl" by Grelg, as the wak
ing melody for the child and the sailors
made a pet of her In off-duty hours.
During the short stay at Oelgoland.
where the Jacobsens were the first neu
tral visitors during the war, the com
mander-in-chief of the Island called to
pay his -respects and presented the
child with many souvenirs of her visit.
Captain Jacobsen's description of the
torpedoing of the ammunition ship
shows one of the perils to which sub
marines are exposed. The submarine
had halted the ship and. Ignorant of its
character, prepared to sink It by gun
fire to save torpedoes. The first shot
attracted a British destroyer, - which
came at full speed.
The submarine hastily submerged.
sending a torpedo at the steamer be
fore going under. An appalling explo
sion followed, which, had the submarine
been still on the surface, might have
had even more serious consequences
to It.
"We' had no time to see what became
of the steamer's crew, which were In
the boats near the steamer," said the
Norwgian. "The submarine was tossed
about so convulsively by the force of
the explosion that we were all thrown
.down. The submarine's . deck was
ripped up and we thought our last hour
had come."
The destroyer headed at ever-lncreas
lng speed for the submerging subma
flluiadwitA am 25 Qugmdti
rine, but the U-boat was far enough
down to escape the full force of the
blow. The men In the U-boat were
thrown, hither and thither, but a quick
examination showed that the subma
rine had not sprung a leak. One en
gine, however, was disabled and the
boat lost part of Its maneuvering abil
ity, making the abandonment of the
cruise advisable. The return trip was
one long succession of ups and downs.
the submarine being obliged to sub
merge, frequently as often as once an
hour, to avoid British patrol ships. The
sensation of the civilian passengers
during the frequent dives, and particu
larly during the anxious moments when
the submarine was carefully feeling Its
way to the surface. Ignorant of whether
British ship might not be waiting to
ram her, were by no means agreeable.
and the extreme variations of tempera
ture between the submerged and sur
face positions were hard to bear.
Food Good and Abundant.
The food aboard was good and abun
dant, the boat having been provisioned
for a four weeks cruise. When the
submarine arrived In the North Sea
the commander announced he would put
Captain Jacobsen and his wife and child
aboard the first eastoouna Norwegian
steamer, but none was encountered.
The commander then proceeded for
Horn's Reef, where he hoped to find a
TQ?EOPLES
il Alder at West Park
Today Only
ALICE BRADY
In the appealing modern
drama-
"Bought and
Paid For"
Also Clara Castea, child violinist
Danish fishing-boat. But these had all
disappeared.
The arrival at Helgoland, where the
commander, owing to earlier achieve
ments. Is highly popular, was a tri
umphal entry. The entire crew of 41
men came on deck as the submarine
slowly entered the harbor; Its orchestra
of 16 men played the German anthem.
The commander, holding Solveig by the
hand, stood on the bridge acknowledg
ing the cheers from the other craft la
the bay.
Although the entire civilian popular
tton of Helgoland was transferred to
the mainland at the outbreak of hostil
tles. Captain Jacobsen saw many civil
ians among the thousands of soldiers)
and sailors now garrisoning the Island.
The name of the commander of the
German submarine which sank the Lu
eltanla has never been officially an
nounced. The latest - unofficial an
nouncement of the submarine captain
responsible for that ship's destruction
named Captain Max Valentlner, son of
the dean of the Sondersburg CathedraL
Suffrage Measure Passed.
ALBANY. N. Y Feb. 20. The woman
suffrage amendment bill . was passed
by the Assembly today without debate
by a vote of 124 to 10.
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