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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 5, 1916)
to TnE HORNING OREGOXIAX, TimRSDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1916. PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffice a Becond-class mail matter. Eubscribtiou rates Invariably In advance. f Vfeill Dally. Sunday included, one year ? ?2 Pally, Sunda-- included, six months Dally, Sunday included, ttiree months,. 2.5 Jallv. Sunday Included, one month. .... - "Daily, without Sunday, one year. 6.25 laily, witnout Sunday, six months...... Iaiiy, without Sunday, three months... Daily, wiihout Sunday, one month...... .go Weekly one year i'i Eunday, one year , 2.50 ' Sunday and Weekly ..... 3.50 (By Carrier.) rally, Sunday Included, one year. ...... Dally, Sunday Included one month..... .75 Jlotv to Remit Send postoffice money order, express order or personal "check on your local bunk. Stamps, coin or currenoy are at &ndei risk. Give postoffice address in full, including county and state. Postage Bates 12 to IS pages, 1 cent; 18 to 32 pages, i cents; 34 to 48 pages. S cents; CO to do pages, 4 cents; (S3 to 78 pages, 6 cents; 78 to S2 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage, double rates. Eastern Business Office Verree & Conk lln, Brunswick building, Xew York; Verree fc Conkiln, Stoker building, Chicago. San rancisco representative, K. J. Bidwell. 742 Market street. POBTLASD, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1916 FROM THREE SPEECHES. We have heard in recent days that the alternative of the policy of the present Administration is war. I think the alternative of the policy of the present Administration is peace with honor. . . . We are not courting struggle, but I do say with all seriousness that we have been liv-r lng in a period of National humilia tion. From speech of Mr. Hughes be fore Union League Club of New York. The alternative of a weak and vacil lating policy is not war; it is a firm Insistence upon known rights in a world where all nations desire our friendship and we desire the friend ship of all and where only the most inexcusable blundering could drag us into strife. Prom speech of Mr. Hughes, before Union League Club. In tHft greatest crisis that we have Been sinee the Civil War, in the great est crisis of the world as a whole that the world has seen since the Na poleonic wars, it is our duty and priviT lege to stand once mora for the prin ciples for whEch the men o.f the early 60s stood; to stand for peace, honor ably and sincerely by every honorable expedient, but to stand for it in that effective way which means that the standing foF it asks it as a right in the spirit ot justice, and does not cringe for it as a favor to be granted ccyitemptuously by a wrongrdoer. From speech of Theodore Roosevelt before Union League Club. If Mr. Hughes is made President, we can count with absolute certainty that not the group of the greatest capitalists in the land, nor yet the group of the most powerful labor leaders in the land will be able to get one thing at Washington by threats or in any other way save by showing before a competent tribunal the justice of ttieir demands. From speech of Theodore Roosevelt before Union League Club. Have we been loept out of war? Is i Mexico-one that assures peace? Had we allowed Mexico to work out Iter own salvation, as we have been told in toe xnaianapous syettcu w u uugjit lu rlr- than w should not be resDonsible. " as we are now, for conditions that prevail in Mexico; and, therefore, when this war is over the policy we have pursued in Mexico is going to follow us, and we may have to an- . swer for our desire to punish one person, and to say to the Mexicans whom they may have to rule over them and whom they may not have. I do not consider that keeping us out of war. From speech of William H. , Taft before Union League Club. EXPLANATION MAKES IT WORSE. The more President Wilson explains his action in permitting the railroad brotherhoods to force the Adamson law through Congress, the worse he makes his case. That bill was justi fied, by a large proportion of those Congressmen who voted for it, on the plea that it was an emergency meas ure necessary in order to avert a calamity threatened by the brother- hoods. But Mr. Wilson defends it on its intrinsic merits, saying that when the railroad managers refused to grant the eight-hour day ''because It is right." he "went to Congress and asked Congress to enact it." With out regard to the threatened calamity, the President tries to justify the haste Congress showed. Mr. Wilson says he "saw at once" that one part of the controversy was arbitrable, but that another part was not arbitrable. From the beginning it had been in his -niind to put this legislation through, for he had learned "that the whole temper of the legis lative body of the United States was In favor of the eight-hour day," ithat "the judgment of society, the vote of ' very Legislature in America that has . voted upon it' is in its favor. There upon, while the brotherhood chiefs held the stop-watch, he told. Congress to jam through the bill which they demanded, or which was the mini mum they would accept as the price of calling off the strike. The facts that he "saw at once" and that he learned legislative opinion held that the eight-hour law should be enacted fire to his mind sufficient ground for Congress to act without deliberation, with limited discussion and under the Impulse of fear, in a manner totally unbecoming to a self-respecting legis lative body. For a precedent we must go back to the days of the French revolutionary convention, when the Jacobin mob overawed the majority and dictated, the action of the minor-, ity. When the strike was threatened, Mr. Wilson "saw at once" and when he saw, further hesitation and dis cussion became superfluous, in his estimation. But in their haste, the President End Congress enacted into law that part of the brotherhood's demands which the President holds to be ar bitrable, namely, the wage- claim, and left unsettled that part which he holds not to be arbitrable and there fore to be a proper subject for legis lation, namely, the actual eight-hour day. The Adamson law simply re- quires railroads to pay for eight hours work the wages which they now pay for- ten hours. It contains no pro hibition of more than eight hours' work in a day. The only Incentive given railroads to limit the working day to eight hours is the higher rate of pay per hour and the requirement that overtime begin with the ninth in stead of the eleventh hour, but the rate for overtime remains the same as that for regular time. The legal .maximum number of hours which a railroad man may work in twenty four is still sixteen. When the Adam. oa hvt becomes PPer&Uve, the, only change will be in the rate of wages paid. A commission is to ascertain what additional cost will be Imposed on the railroads, with the implied in tention of compensating them with an advance in rates. These rates will be paid directly by the shipper, ulti mately by the consumer. The net re sult will be the taking of money out of the consumer's pocket to be placed in the pocket of the railroad man. The President has sacrificed the principle that executive and legisla tive bodies Bhould not submit to coer cion or dictation from a section of the people, but he has not established the eight-hour principle which he set out to establish. The sacrifice was great but it gained nothing. When he "saw at once," he did not see straight. T.VtT A"I ROOSEVELT. Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Taft met and shook hands at the Union League Club in New York, in the presence of many hundred interested and expect ant onlookers. There was nothing un toward, or sensational, or pyrotechnic, or mawkish about the meeting. It was just a commonplace and formal greeting such as Mr. Taft afterward described it "as one gentleman should give to another." The thing happened as it was ar ranged it should happen. There was no public reconciliation, no "Will" or "Theodore," no slapping of backs, no tears, no laughter, no cheers. Of course not. A publicly staged reunion would have been unseemly and insin cere. The spotlight is no place for the reconsecration of a broken friend ship. Yet there are millions of people who would be pleased to know that Taft and Roosevelt had agreed to blot out the ugly memories of their calamitous quarrel.. It is more than a personal matter." It is a tragedy which has shadowed other lives and which has gravelw, affected the Na tional destinies. Now we see Taft and Roosevelt standing together for peace, honor, prosperity and America. A common patriotism has drawn them together; a sense of duty will doubtless keep them together. The way is open to forgetfulness of private animosities between them. SIMPLIFIED CITY GOVERNMENT. The taxpayers have learned that it takes a great deal of money to run a city-as cities are now run. It costs more to conduct the affairs of the city of Portland than it costs for the state of Oregon. Yet the state has 800,000 people and the city 250,000. The state has many large and .im portant activities, such as an insane asylum or two, with 2000 -permanent patients; and it has a state's prison, with a population of about 600. The necessary outlay for the insane charges of the state approaches $400,060 per year; and for the convicts $150,000 per year. Yet withal the state tax levy averages about 3 mills and the Portland levy is 8 mills and higher. Of course there are the city police and firemen, who must be paid and who must have modern equipment. There are street lights to be kejt going thousands of them. There are parks to be bought and maintained. There are streets to be swept and cleaned after they have been paved. There are engineers to be kept busy, and there afe inspectors a horde of them to look after the health of the indifferent public, and the sanitary integrity of butchers, bakers and can dlestick makers. The moral lapses of sundry citizens, who are unable to accommodate their habits to the new regime of prohibition and of various other citizens who are prone to go astray from the strict requirements of a rigid code of personal conduct must also be unearthed and severely dealt with; and all this means money. There has been in recent years a vast extension of . municipal service in all directions. Where the useful and necessary ends, and the ornamental and superfluous begins, it is not our purpose now to declare. But obviously there is in Portland now a great municipal establishment and there are five bosses. It is no, ticeable that in the recent budget not many proposals for new or special expenditures have been made; but the great burden of public expense is in the established departments. If there is to be a material reduction of the city tax, it will be through a simpli fied government, and not otherwise. It will not come with a government divided among five headsr each run ning a little city of his own and de termined to make the best possible showing for his department. It will come only when the city determines to get along with less, with fewer hands, and a smaller payroll. TETANUS AND THE SANE FOURTH. Owing to the fact that it takes time to compile statistics that are of value, the true significance of the "sane" observance of the Fourth of July last is only just becoming known. To medical men the story is most graphic when told in terms of the relative numbers of cases of tetanus reported. The Journal of the American- Medical Association has completed compila tion of the statistics from all parts of the country, comparing them with the figures since 1903, and the grati fying showing is made of the complete disappearance of this dread sequel to the Fourth of July celebration. The preceding year had a record almost as. good, when only one case was re ported. But to understand the value of the work that has been done to bring this condition about, one must know that in 1903 there were no fewer than 417 cases in thirty states. The number has diminished steadily ever since then, with the single ex ception of 1909, when there was a temporary revival. This result is attributed only in part to the growing use of anti-toxin in suspected cases. Blank cartridge wounds are a fruitful cause of lock jaw, and these, of course, were treated more promptly than formerly, but there was also a perceptible falling off rh all other fatal accidents trace able to the celebration of the patriotto occasion. It is a triumph of reason over foolish insistence and it gives un expected encouragement to the sane. The most optimistic advocates of the sane Fourth movement at its outset, only some thirteen years ago, hardly expected to see the fruition of their hopes so soon. That there is still much to be done, however, Is shown by the figures as to Fourth of July accidents not ac companied by tetanus. It is estimated that there were 4449 deaths and acci dents not causing death In 1903. The number varied in succeeding years, but with a general trend downward, until In 1916 it had fallen to 850, the first big drop coming in 1910. Still, 850 accidents in one day, all for no good end, are quite too many, and the number should be still further re duced. The tremendous waste caused by the stupid way of celebrating is Indicated, bjr tie dlsl03iu; ttit. ia thirteen years 1892 persons have been killed and 44,801 injured. This served no purpose at all. It did not even inculcate patriotism. The country has reached the point where its cities are reasonably safe places on Independence day. Nearly every municipality of appreciable size has enacted ordinances regulating the use of firearms and. the sale of fire works, firecrackers and similar de structive agencies, and in most places these regulations are enforced. The accidents reported in later years have been principally from the villages and the country districts, where authority is not strictly exercised. The variety of opportunity given for injury under the old dispensation is illustrated by the causes of all cases of lockjaw reported. In eighty-nine cases' blank cartridges were to blame, in ninety-four giant crackers, in seventy-six powder, in thirty-three fire arms and in twenty-seven toy can nons. There wre 729 other fatal ities, of which 208 were due to fire arms, 119 to explosions and the re mainder to giant crackers, toy can nons and various forms of fireworks. Close analysis of the statistics seems to indicate that there is no middle ground. Absolute prohibition is essen tial. Nor can it be said that this will work a hardship on anyone. The boys are having a lot more real fun tVan they had in the days gone by and they are safer all the while. WHAT WIGHT BE. The difficulties encountered by Oregon shippers in obtaining- rail road cars suggest a question as to what the situation would be under Government ownership and operation of railroads. The Pacific Goast com plains that the Atlantic and Middle West states take its cars and keep them. Would it fare better were car distribution in the hands of a Gov ernment department? Experience proves that the section which has most votes in Congress gets most out of the Government. Such has been the case with river and har bor and public building appropria tions. It would be apt to prove true of transportation facilities. If cars were deficient, shippers in the sev eral states would implore their Con gressmen to besiege the railroad de partment with requests to supply their needs. The officials, with an eye to appropriations, salaries and jobs, would send, the cars where most votes in Congress were at stake. The Pa cific Coast with its sparse popula tion and small representation would be apt to fare much worse than it now does, with non-political Inter state Commission and State Railroad Commissions to back up the railroads' self-interest in providing cars. Oregon now realizes that the ques tion of car supply may be a question of life or death to the state's indus tries. Should we enjoy a situation where log-rolling in Washington would decide between prosperity and ruin for our enterprises? .JAMES J. HILL'S EARLY LIFE. The story ef James J. Hill's early life, as told by Joseph Gilpin Pyle in World's Work, gives rise to the thought that it was a most valuable preparation for his great achieve ments. Its simplicity, its hard but healthy outdoor labor and its homely virtues all contributed to make the dynamic character of the empire builder. Doubtless Mr. Hill would have made his 'mark without this early training, but doubtless also he made it the more indelibly and the more free from blurs and blots be cause of that training. He combined in himself the sturdy, sterling virtues of his Scotch and Irish parents a most excellent blend and these were confirmed and strengthened by the disciplino of his Quaker teacher, whom he revered through life as "My dear old master." We are accustomed to speak of men like Hill and Lincoln, who have risen from poverty and hardship to great ness, as triumphing over obstacles, but it would probably be more neatly cor rect were we to say that these very things which we call obstacles pro duced greatness. They form the man, mentally, physically and morally, as the fire and the blows of the hammer mold, strengthen and temper steel. Not that such a man could be fash ioned by what we miscall adversity unless he possessed certain inherent qualities of mind and character. Such youthful preparation as Hill received could not have nide a great man out of a weakling, for such a man would have gone down whimpering, about his "hard luck." But, given thej good raw material wherewith to make a great man, that training developed his qualities to the full and completed his equipment for the great deeds which have made him one of the out standing figures in the romance of a wilderness conquered by civilization in less than two generations. What was the equipment with which heredity, environment and parental discipline had gifted him is told in a few phrases, which may be picked from Mr. Pyle's article. Hill was "desperately fond of reading1; although bright and active and fond of sport." At the age of 5 he began daily to make "the journey of two and one-half miles through the brush to the district school." His school master, William Wetherald, under stood him and set him an example of "plain living and high thinking." He had but few books, but these he di gested thoroughly, and his reading of The Life of Napoleon confirmed "his already dawning idea that, if a man made up his mind to do a thing, it was already half done." "It was his habit," fro are told, "whenever any new subject came within his horizon, to search out the highest ' authority he could find, to ask for a list of the best books on the topic, to send for them and devour them. Once mas tered, the contents were his for all time," for he had an extraordinary memory. When his father died, he refused to continue school, but insisted on help ing his mother by working in the vil lage store at $1 a week. When his Scotch employer handed him his first four weeks' pay, the storekeeper said: "James, ye hae done right weel. If ye keep right on ye'll mak' your way in the world." And Hill said: "J never felt so rich, I never expect to feel so rich again in my life, as when I looked at those four dollars and handed them over to my mother." After four years with the Scotch man, he could no longer resist the desire to roam. His first visions were of the Orient, but he made for the United States, and after working on a farm in New York and wandering down the Atlantic Coast, he struck West to visit a schoolmate in Alberta. Missing the last "brigade" which left for the Red River in the Summer of 1856, he was "marooned in St. Paul, the little trading station at the head of navigation on the Mississippi." There he stayed and thenceforth his fortuaeg war iuke4 to. tewn, which ha did mora than any ether man to make great. He went to work on the levee as a clerk, he learned all about steamboats, finally piloting them through the rapids near Minna apolis. He was "immensely popular, the leader In many a madcap freak, a perpetual fountain of practical jokes," but he "did not read trash" and, found reading a book on engir neering, he said: "A little knowledge about engineering may prove useful some day." "Kindness of heart" was one of his lasting traits. He volunteered to nurse a mere acquaintance who was sick with typhoid fever, then believed to be contagious. Learning on the pa tient's recovery that, his last dollar was gone. Hill lent him $50, saving when he was earning money again he could pay it back, He was deeply disappointed that loss of an eye pre vented his serving in the Civil War. Active, energetic, studious, loyal. It is no wonder that he won the confi dence of one steamboat king after an other until he finally, in the Spring of 1865. went into the transportation business himself. Tjiis story enables us to trace Mr. Hill's career back to its beginnings. It teaches us that the same Qualities, the same training and the same hab its will carry any boy to success, ac cording to tha measure of his ability. Few have tha towering talents and character of Hill, but each can win by using and developing to the ut most those whiph he has. ' One of the distressing results of the bad season for wheat experienced by some of the states of the Middle West and Minnesota and the Dakotas is that permanent effect it is likely to have on the future crop of that section, as well as pthers, through the production of undesirable seed. It has been found that Minnesota, in particular, has raised this year a relatively small quantity of the kind of grain .he farmers have been accustomed to use for seed. Tests have shown that the shriveled wheat of this season's crop germinates readily enough, but the experts ' at the Agricultural College fear that it will not have vitality enough to carry the sprouts through the soil to the surface when growth begins. The plain duty, therefore, of the farmer is to reserve for himself a sufficient amount of wheat grading No. 2 or better for his own seed needs, no mdtter how tempting may be tha price now offered. There is a pros pect that later on he will be com pelled to take what he can get, and this - would be poor "economy" if it sacrificed next year's- crop. Exports of tha United States in August, 1916, were nearly $510,008,-; 000. In August, 1914, when the war had joined the Underwood tariff in striking down our commerce, they were over $110,000,000. That was nearly $78,000,000 less than in August, 1913, less also than in August of either of the two preceding years. Imports were $199,000,008., or $70," 000,000 more than in August, 1914, and more than in any of tha five pre ceding years. The certain prospect is that, when war ends,, our exports will vastly decrease while our imports will vastly increase, if nothing is done in the meantime to even the balance. Then the flow of gold, which was $410,000,000 to this country in the year ending August, will turn the other way. The change from riches to poverty may be as sudden as it is with a lucky gambler. The protest of Britain and France to the United States against Carran za's seizure of British, and French bank assets in Mexico is a hint of what might have been had those na tions not been otherwise engaged. They might easily have called upon President Wilson to enforce good be havior by his protege or to permit them to discipline him. The United States cannot shirk responsibility to other nations when it countenances contempt for its citizens' rights and expects other nations to do likewise. A Umatilla cowboy who was given a short sentence in state prison for assault with a deadly weapon on a man who called him "a sheepherder" is asking for parole. If he had killed the libeler, no doubt a Coroner's jury up there would have called it justifi able homicide; s but as tie failed, it it would seem he deserves at least slight punishment for unpardonable neglect. It is pleasant for I.ewiston mer chants to have the freight for carry ing goods to Elk City reduced from $480-to $172.80 by the -parcel post, but how does the carrier like it? Does the Government pay him enough. for horsef eed ? Napoleon may have died from can cer caused by eating onions, but if the averago man can have them served thick on a steak dona just right he will take a chance or two until heart failure finishes htm. Other sections of the city are show ing most commendable self-denial In the interest of South Portland by re nouncing their claims to park Im provements. All wish to blot out tha Marquam gulch yesore. The latest case of embezzlement of postoffice funds, that at Grants Pass, reVeals by confession that after the first "borrow" of $200 the ethers fpllowed easily. It's always that way. The Armenian relief people are a few laps ahead of the Belgian succor association in relation of horrors. The pity of it is, too, the details also have the appearance of truth. Yields of fifty-two bushels of wheat to the acre are what draw Americans to Alberta. Continued big yield will be mostly due to the man, however, in Alberta or elsewlfere. There is nothing odd in the demand of optometrists that all automobile drivers be examined and licensed. Railways find examination .of engi neers necessary. With the flax .and sugar beet In dustries well established, let no man ask in deprecatory tone, "What's the matter with Oregon?" Jackson Sundown has returned to the reservation, to be "big Injun' un til he dies. . McGraw Is getting old when he al lows a grouoh to affect him on the field. With fix-e sets of twins In the Riddle primary school, the riddle is plain. They are mostly Hughes voters who register these days. Last day,-tq pay. taes. Stars and Starmakers By Leoae Cass Baex. NOW we have with us-or are vto have with ua the musical wait ers. As if waiters can't be bad enough without singing about It. We haven't got them in Portland yet, thank heaven, but the wave Is spreading. An enter prising New York song publisher's rep resentative has found a new use for waiters; to boost his songs. Consequently twice every night in a downtown cafe the guests cannot get anything to drink or to eat for about ten minutes. During his time the waiters, colored gents who have been put on since the waiters' strike, put on white gloves and come out where usually pretty chorus girls and chorus men frolic and sing the pub lisher's latest song: "Twice as Nice as Paradise, and They Call It Dixieland." I predict that a universal spread of this vice wlllencourage eating at home. "Object Matrimony" Is a sensa tional success in Washington, D. C, and people who have seen it say it beats the "Potash and Perlmutter" series. So it has to go some to do that. Montague Glass and Jules Eckert Goodman col laborated on this new comedy. It is to go to New York later. The play is novel in construction and Introduces some new types of Jewish characters. Irving Cumminga. a motion-picture hero. Is trying- his best in the spoken drama, and his fine stage presence will overcome other obstacles. Mathilda Cotrelly has a very good role, while in the cast are Marjorie Wood. Jess Dandy, Wright Kramer, Jules Jordan, Jean Temple and several others. Mr! Brady has great faith in this play and has gone to considerable expense to stage it. Alma A. Crowley, Oakland musician, believes a song written by her entitled "My California Rose" la worth $5000. She brought suit for that amount in tha United States District Court yesterday against Turner & Dahnke, an adver tising; firm. She alleges that they pub lished her composition and gave it away as a souvenir to patrons of tha TIvolI Theater, when "Gloria's Ro mance" was playing there, without con sulting her. Personally I thlnk'no song is worth that much money. Eva Le Gallienne, only child of tha poet, Richard Le Gallienne, is appear ing with Henry E. Dixey in "Mr. Laz arus," a comedy written by Harvey O'Hlgglns and Harriett Ford. The play is a modern version of "Enoch Arden." The long-lost husband appearing, tak ing lodgings with his wife, who has since been married, and In these condi tion directing the affairs tff his own daughter and managing generally tha domestic difficulties of all concerned. " Margaret Anglin Is appearing at the Empire Theater in New York In Somer set Manehau's comedy, "Caroline." Eva Lang is heading a stock company at the Alacazar In San Francisco. John Halliday la leading man. Mary Servoss, who appeared hera last season on the Orpheum circuit, is play ing; the principal role in Morocco's new est play. "UpBtairs and Down," in New Vprk. Ida St. Leon is in the company, too. She first brought "Polly of the Circus" to Portland, and came two years ago as Amy. in "Little Women." Leo Carillo, once a newspaper man and later a vaudevillian, is playing a valet in "Upstairs and Down." The play Is a satire on the idle rich upstairs and their servants below stairs. "Good Gracious, Annabelle," is the newest splash in eccentric titles. A for mer Baker player, Walter Regan, is In the cast. e e e Reece Gardner, one of Ideating Flood's discoveries a few seasons ago, is heading a tabloid musical comedy company in Denver. He calls his cho rus the "Mostly Girls' e Florence RockwnU has sailed for Australia to appear there In musical comedy. Frltzi Scheffs managar in her vaude ville tour this season will probably be her husband. George Anderson. He should be able to manage Frltzi if any one can. Walter C. Kelly, the Virginia Judge, is to be in a new Winter Garden show this year. Walter C. Kelly, the Virginia Judge, has deserted vfrudev ille for this season and will appear In a Wlrr Garden production. - Lauretta Taylor has a new play. Her husband, J. Hartley Manners, wrote it. "The Harp of Life" is its title. Hers Is a stage fact you may not know: Mary Marble, eha of lemon-pie fame, is not Mrs. Sam Chip. The names Sam Chip and Mary Marble have been linked for quite a number of years, so long really that most folks have had the Impression that a minister had asked each, "Do yo promise to love, honer and obey?" -and that each had answered "Yea'' and walked away to gether smilingly. But 'that's not the case. Mary Marble is the wife of John W. Dunne, who has the part of "Tha Grandfather Clock" in "The Clock Shop," In which Sam Chip and Mary Marble will star In Orpheum vaudeville at the Heilig beginning next Sunday. Formerly Mr. Dunne was a member of the firm of Wells, Dunne &. Harland, which was sponsor for ''The Awakening of Mr. Plpp,'' with Charley Grapewln and others just as famous. Later he met and married Mary Marble, who waa famous for her work (n Hoyt comedies, musical stock and characterization. Mary Marble did not want to give up her stage work after marriage, so her husband became her manager and played small roles in her company. In every play Mary Marble has appeared in since her marriage 18 years ago Mr. Dunne has assumed a minor role while his wife starred. - And Mary Marble's sister is Anna Marble, who is the wife of Channlng Pollock. Both of these are newspaper folk In New Yprk. Wlllard Mack's newest play is "Her Market Value," with Mrs. Stuart Rob son, Jane Grey and Margaret Greene in Its leading roles. The play la in re hearsal now at the Eltinge Theater, Charles Emerson Cook is after the Popular Film Company for failing to live up' to its -contract after he had arranged with the cenoera to use the services of Blanche Bates in some big pictures at $250Q a week. Mr. Cook wants 1S,QP9 damage, . WELL. UAKK A GUESS. There t as calamity wtilra s great nation ran invite wnirh equal tbat which (ollsw a aupine nubmUalan te wrong and iiiinfttire, and tbe roniie quent Iom of National elf-repct and hiinur, beneath which are fehleliled and defended m poplea safety and ireatoeu. The foregoing are the words of a distinguished American. Who was he? Under what circum stances were they uttered? What was the result of their utter ance? How much do you know about American history? Can you answer the foregoing questions? The Oregonian has invited sub mission of essays on this quota tion, but its authorship is plainly a puzzle. Let ua now make it a guessing contest. Who said it? Whom doea it sound like? It ought to be easy. "OT KTESDED A9 GUIDE POST rlaclng of Oreg Trail Tablet at Mult nomah I-'alla Explained. PORTLAND, Oct. 2. (To the Editor.) The Daughters of tha American Revo lution have noticed in The Oregonian an article signed by Leslie Scott, criti cising them fur placing on the Colum bia River Highway, at Multnomah Falls, a drinking fountain bearing a tablet commemorative of the passing of the pioneer of 1843. The Daughtere of tiit American Rev olution throughout the United States are placing these reminders of the hero ism of our forefather at points of historical interest, and wherever feas ible, alonrf- the trails they blazed. Where they are still used as highways we endeavor to have them improves and incorporated into a great National system of thoroughfares, which we are suitably marking. Few of these high ways today are on the exact line of the origfnal trails. Inexpensive markers are located on such parts as ace no longer used, and more attractive ones are placed at most frequented points. Of what use would it be to place a monument beside a path no longer trodden? These tablets are In the nature of a shrine before which tha traveler pauses, his thoughts directed to the empire builders who have passed that way before him. We do not need Mr. Scotf reminder to tell us that the ox teams of 1816 did not pass Multnomah Kails, but is an ox team a necessary adjunct of a pioneer? This tablet Is erected to the first who came as settlers. Mr. Scott recites history correctly when he says that the pioneers of 1S43 came down the river from The Dalles In boats, but offers no feasible plan for the marking of that mighty trail, nor does he take Into consideration the well-established fact that the cattle of some of these first immigrants were driven past the very spot on whlrn our fountain stands, and where it will con tinue to stand without fear that any stranger will be misled Into the belief that our beautiful Highway, with its wonderful ensineerlnar, was the worn of the pioneers of 1843. Except In a few places, the old trail In Oregon is no longer used, and Is but a memory. The present country roaaa In some cases follow the same general direction, and in others more suitable locations and easier grades have been found to surmount the difficulties en countered by the pioneer. As the High way is continued across the state, sucn places as can be authenticated as the old trail will be marked with tablets and monuments proportionate to their Importance, and no doubt many stran gers seeing- these markings will con ceive the idea that the entire Highway is on the line of the old trail, but what does It signify If they do? Eventually we shall have a magnificent highway from the western lo tha eastern bor ders of the state. Much as we should like to see it. It Is impossible to build It on the old trail at all paints; first, because in many cases the engineering difficulties are too great; and second, and of more importance, the fact that the commercial interests make another route necessary. The point of fundamental Interest Is that the settlers who came to this coun try and made this grand Highway a possibility by bringing civilization to the wilderness, drove across the state from east to west by such route as they could find. To what better cause can we dedicate our great thoroughfare than to the memory of the pioneer"? It was with this thouKht In mind, and that we were keeping allvevthe memory of an epoch In the history of th stale, and not simply marking a spot, that the Daughters of the American Revolution decided upon the present location of their fountain. RERTIIA B. ASH. Chairman, Old Trails Committee, Daughters of the American Revolu tion. SOFT DRINKS COXTAI ALCOHOL "Chemically Appreciable" Quantities t-'vnnd la Root llcer, AIho In lireatl. PORTLAND. Oct. 4. (To the Editor) I wish, to cull to the special atten tion of prohibitionists an article ap pearing in the Literary I'lge.-t of Sep tember 23, entitled: ".Soft and Hard Drinks," which etate: "Even the srups used to flavor soda water con tain chemically appreciable quantities" of alcohol). "The laws of some pro hibition states define u alcoholic bev erages all those containing 4 per cent or more of alcohol, which would place the lighter grades of beer In the 'sott' class." In the American Journal of Phar macy. C. II. Lowall, a Philadelphia chemist, "shows that even so staid and sober a drink as homemade root beer may contain a very considerable per centage of alcohol." and "even In bread making where yeast la used, alcohol ia present' to an appreciable extent," and "the unfermented grape juice of the market always contains small amounts of alcohol," and "it Is very difficult to get away from alcohol entirely. Juicy fruit is likely to contain minute amounts. Vinegar sometimes contains several per cent- Preserves or canned fruits contain It, and there are numer ous other products which unavoidably and necessarily contain it. "The foregoing fasts may come as a surprise to many who have looked upon homemade root beer as & strictly temperance drink. With beer averag ing 4 per cent, it becomes apparent that three bottles of home-brewed root beer which have been allowed to stand for 10 days or over are equivalent to one bottle of ordinary brewed beer." PAUL DORaAU llaxlag Bunting. PORTLAND, Oct I.t-(To the Editor.) For the benefit of those who use red. white and blue bunting for deco rating, will you please state through the columns of The Oregonian the cor rect way of auspendlng it? That is, should the blue or red be at the top? SUBSCRIBER. The office of the Adjutant-General of the Oregon National Guard says that there is no military regulation on the subject. Red at the top is regarded, however, as the logical arrangement. Fire Prevention Day, VANCOUVER, Wash., Oct. 4 (To tha Editor.) Will you kindly give me any Information you have regarding the fire prevention day, which I believe is October ? (1) is this a National, state or city movement? (8) What is the plan for the day and in what way can the schools help? DE GARIS REEVES. - (1) National, (t) Consult H. P. Cofr fin, chairman of the Safety First Com njissioA, jpollco jeadflviajtera, PorUaad In Other Days. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonian October 5, 1SSS. New York. A London dispatch says that the flow of English gold to the United States is continuing in a some what larger volume than was expected. New Yerk. Rev. If. C. Ladd. D. D missionary bishop to the Southwest, de livered the annual sermon yesterday at the Slst annual meeting of the bish ops ot he Protestant Episcopal Church. General Naglee, who owns a large tract of land in fcan Joaquin County. In California, proposes to plant 400 acrea to mulberry trees and engage In the silkworm business. Tha aot granting aid in the construc tion of a railroad from halt Lake to the Columbia River passed the Senate at the late session of Congress. It waa not reached by the House. It will come up in December and its passage is confidently looked for. , A. R. Hallock, foreman of Multnomah Engine Company No. -, has been placed in nomination for chief engineer ot the furlland i'ire Department. Among the passengers on the Fidel iter last night were Jacob Sliuel and John Nation. These men went to the Sound for the purpose of examining the mills there. Twenty-five Yeara Age. Kruiu Tim Ori'soiilan October o. 1S!1. Tha Berlin correspondent to the New York Herald says: "Had it not been for the excellent coiumon sense ot Queen Victoria and the sound judgment of tiie Cxur, who in a moment of emergency acted in perfect accord. Europe would now be plunged in the throes of a war." The facts, the correspondent says, were that the German Emperor, in a confidential conversation with Queen Victoria, intimated he would have to declare war on Erance for various rea sons, one of the main ones being that the financiul strain on Germany was getting intolerable. He cited to the Queen that Prance was isolated. Whereupon Queen Victoria called in Lord Salisbury, who ml vised the Queen to write a letter to the Czar explain ing the conversation and urge him to make a friendly pact with Prance at once. Portland yesterday formally won the Pacific Coast baseball leagud race by defeating Spokane, runner-up. Lady Olivia Taylour, who is soon to become the bride of Lord Henry Daven-dish-Bcntinck. is said to he one of the most beautiful women of Europe. Tonight will witness the "opening" of the elegant cigar store of M. A. Gunst Sc Co., at Fourth and Morrison streets. Miss Hota Bloch. daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Jacob Lloch, hud the proud dis tinction recently of receiving a diploma from the Royal Conservatory of Music in Vienna for her achievement in vocal and instrumental music An attempt was made Saturday night to weck a car on the Waverly-Woodstock line of the Willamette Bridge. Railway Company, at Division and Twelfth streets. No one was hurt. An obstruction was placed on the track. Judge Holmes, who was recently stricken with paralysis on the right side, was reported in an improving condition last night. lii:(,lMN(i SI'A.MSII WAR First Formal Step Taken by Congress in Declaring Cuba Free. PORTLAND. Oct- 5. (To the Editor.) In an argument pertaining to the Spanish-Ar.urican War. it is asserted that President McKiuley declared war against Spain without the consent or authority of Congress. Please publish the facts. HEADER. President McKinley on April 11. 1898. asked Congress for authority to use tha Army and Navy to secure the for mation of a Cuban government capable of discharging its international obliga tions. Congress promptly replied by a Joint resolution declaring Hie people of Cuba free and independent. Presi dent McKinley signed the measure and on April 20 sent an ultimatum to Spain fixihj April 23 as the last date for a satisfactory reply. Almost immediately the Spanish Min ister demnnded his passports and the American Minister at Madrid was notl tied by Spain that tllplomatic relations had ceased. On April S3 President Mc Klnlej called for 135.000 volunteers and ordered the North Atlantic squad ron to blockade Cuban ports. Spain is sued a formal tleclaralion of war on April 24 and the Congress of the United Slates declared war against Spain on April 15. The first gun of the war was fired by the United States- ship Nashville, across the bows of the Buena Ventura, a rpanisb merchantman, and the first action occurred on April 27, when three Unueu States warthips bombard ed Matanzcs. -nnUO-lH" REGARDED AS CRUEL. MUuae of Man's Power or Animal I)e-r-larvd Far From Commendable. PORTLAND, Oct, 4. (To the Edi tor.) I should like to indorse the opin ions of Mis. H. H. .Smltli" regarding cruelty practiced on dumb brutes at the Round-ups. The cordial approval given these de moralising exhibitions by the pres ence of many well-meaning people seems almost Incredible, but their presence does not make it rigat from any point of view. The spectators even less than the human actors, who might see some profits In view must be almost devoid of all humane feel ings or sympathetic tendencies, for how any kind-hearted person could view the cruel and ugly means prac ticed on tiie dumb creatures in order to make them perform certain wild teats is beyond the conception of any one with a spark of humanity In his breast. Man's misused power ever an animal goaded to madness by Intentional abuse is not a commendable sight; when exerclslnjr his power where obliged to do so and subduing and taming the brute creatures in an hu mane manner is a different matter; no animals ought to be staged as ac tors in plays of any sort where abuse or unkindnees has to be used. Juet for the public's curious amusement and for dollars and cents. If foolhardy men or women wish to take chance In any hazardous per formances whereby their own lives or limbs are endangered, that Is thetr own business, and when mishaps occur one has little pity for them, but they are In small business when they use the dumb brutes in the performance of their rough feats. Many of these dumb creatures, I am told, are natural ly tame and harmless and enow no signs of being unmanageable until abuse is practiced. No community ought to allow things of this kind to go on for either profit's or pleasure's take, Joan EDWARDS.