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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 30, 1916)
to THE MORNING OltEGONTAX, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST SO, 191G. PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postofflce as second-class mail matter. Eubserlptlon rates Invariably In advance. (By Mall.) Xsllv. Sunday Included, one year Ually. Sunday included, six months 4 5 3-aiIy. Sunday Included, three months... laily, Sunday included, one month ' Jjally, without Sunday, one year. ....... 6.2o Jjaily, -without Sunday, six months --J I'ei.'y. wlthsut Sunday, three months.... 1-J3 Xaily, without Sunday, one month...... Weekly, one year i -n Sunday, one year.... 2.o0 Sunday and Weekly (By Carrier.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year B.oo Xaly. Sunday Included, one month..... . How to Remit Send postofflce money order, express order or personal checlc on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give postofflce address In full, including county and state. Postage Rates 12 to 18 rages. 1 cent; IS to 32 pages. 2 cents; 34 to 4S pages, 3 cents; 60 to 60 pages, 4 cents; 62 to 76 pages, 6 cents; 78 to 82 pases, 6 cents. Foreign postage, double rates. Kastern BuNiness Office Verree & Conk lln, Brunswick building. New Tork; Verree & Conklin. Steger building, Chicago. San Francisco representative, R. J. Bldwell, 742 aiarket street. PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, AUG. SO, 1816. THE STRIKE, A railroad strike of unprecedented Bcope impends. President Wilson has failed in his efforts to bring: the man agers and the men together, and he has appealed to Congress for drastic action designed to avert the threatened calamity, or to relieve the Nation of Its vast consequences if it shall have been precipitated before the staying hand of the law shall be interposed. It is clearly the purpose and desire of the President that the eight-hour day the chief bone of contention be tween railroads and employes be es tablished by Federal statute. The other proposals from the President are a little less specific, but they are in general that the powers of the In terstate Commerce Commission be In creased to meet "the larger situation": that the mediation law be amended to prevent strikes and lockouts while in dustrial disputes are under investiga tion; that the Interstate Commerce Commission "consider" the greater cost of railroad operation under the eight-hour day; and that the President be empowered to operate the railways in case of military necessity. It may be taken for granted that the President has not transferred the bur den of the railroad strike to Congress without a definite plan for legislation to meet the crisis. It ia no time for generalizations or phrases or evasions; It is a condition and not a. theory which confronts the country, and it must be met, if a great disaster is to be prevented, by a resolute course, sup ported by well-wrought and clean-cut law. It may be admitted that six days Is a short time in which to devise a legislative plan to meet a great emer gency. Though it is true enough that the President and Congress all parties in Congress have long been aware of the deficiencies in present enactments and have known for many months that the situation now existing was a possibility, and even a probabil ity, and had taken no action, yet the menace of a strike is so alarming and the duty of Congress and the President so plain that it would seem practicable to pass an emergency measure which will vest the President or the Inter state Commerce Commission, or both, with power to act effectively for the Nation. For the Nation's Interest in this great crisis transcends the inter ests of railroads and of men, and it must be asserted and maintained. It is likely that the sentiment of the people is with the men in their con tention for an eight-hour day. They want it established as a principle of employment in railroad service as it is in other pursuits, public and private. But it is also true that the American Nation supports more and more arbitration for all industrial pur suits, and it is not convinced by the attitude or arguments of the men that an eight-hour day is not arbitra ble. The public, then, believes that the employes have merit on their side in their demand for an eight-hour day and for overtime for extra work; but it wants the effort to procure their just dues confined to the orderly processes of negotiation, conciliation and arbitration, and will not justify nor support the extreme and calam itous device of a strike unless all other means are demonstrably futile. It is inconceivable, even now, that a striKe win occur, xne railroad, men have played their hand, in the mighty game between them and the railroads, with remarkable astuteness; and the strike has been their trump card They have not yet put it on the board but they will play it on September 4, they say. Is it not probable that if, meantime, they have assurances, through Congress, that the eight-hour day will be granted by law, they will refrain ? OUR TREATMENT OF ASIATICS.. Well-nigh intolerable conditions in our immigration service are revealed by two incidents of recent date and of which it is to be hoped we shall hear further, after the usual depart mental red tape has been unwound. One incident was the rudeness with which the brother of the King of Siam, His Serene Highness Mahidolsongkla, was treated on going ashore at Hono lulu while on his way to attend school in the United States; the other is the protest made by the Chinese Benev olent Society against a long series of delays and exactions that have made life miserable for merchants and other members of the exempt classes landing at the port of San Francisco. It appears that His Royal Siamese Highness was manhandled by an of ficious Government employe at Hono lulu because when he sought to go ashore he was taken for a Japanese. But explanation why, even if he had been a Japanese, he should not have been treated as a gentleman in the absence of proof that he was not one, has never been made audibly. The complaint made by the Chinese is more general and covers a long pe riod, so that it is not possible to dis miss it as an isolated instance of irre sponsibility. It Is charged that Chi nese of high standing have repeatedly been kept in detention for weeks at a time without consideration for their position and subjected to other indig nities. Men so treated have been prospective customers of ours, say their protesting countrymen. This does not make the offense worse In the abstract, but it is likely to make it all the more expensive. The Chinese protest, curiously enough, takes the form of a petition In behalf of the Chinese Consul-General at San Francisco, whose removal is being sought by immigration offi cials because he has stood up for his countrymen, which was one of the duties he was sent to the United States to perform. Clashes of this nature, in which we lose caste distinctly in the minds of Orientals, are peculiarly unfortunate because if we are to progress ia our relations with the Far East it mould. be gTeatly to our advantage that as many students from that part of the world as possible should come to our universities. If we are to become bet ter acquainted, it is essential that there shall be a common language medium, and since Americans are no toriously slow to acquire the languages of other nations, it is good commercial and social strategy for us to encourage them to learn ours. Grossly bad manners at the gateway of the country make a serious situa tion for all concerned. It has been said that politeness is the cheapest thing in the world. At any rate, it is cheap enough, and there ought to be a way of keeping up the supply. DESERVING DEMOCRATS. The Ofegoniaa published yesterday the Democratic roll of honor for Ore gon. It was the names of sundry il lustrious citizens who because of their service to their country and the Demo cratic party had been designated by a pleased Government to hold down the Federal jobs in Oregon. There they were all the Presidential Post masters from Albany to Willamina, all the big departmental Jobs, all the land-office jobs and every man of them a trled-and-true Democrat. Or nearly every one. There is a little more to be done to clean out the Augean (Greek for Oregon) stables. There is no piffle or bunk about non-partisanship or independence in the Democratic party when it comes to the jobs. It is well enough to in dulge in airy persiflage about merit and civil service before election; but when it comes to the practical work of dealing with deserving Democrats, there is only one understandable lan guage, and it is spelled in the terms of patronage. Some day we shall be able to get and to publish a list of the fourth- class postmasters of Oregon. They are under civil service. But they have been able so far at Washington to keep the public in the dark about the great havoc wrought among the- non- Presidential postmasters by judicious selections from the so-called eligible lists. There will be interesting dis closures. But so far the Civil Service Commission has refused to give them out, on the high ground that it would "embarrass" the Administration. As If anything could embarrass the pres ent Administration! THE BTRAUORN IDEA. Mr. Strahorn took up in Central Oregon the project of building rail roads where the great transcontinen tal systems left off, and he has car ried it along so far that he feels meas urably certain of success. So he an nounces on his return irom a long tour of interior Oregon, where he has sought to interest towns and com munities in his plans. It has'been no task to show them that they will be mightily benefited by railroad con nection with one another and with the outside world. They have known all that for many years. More wonder ful to state, it has been no great job, apparently, to get them to furnish ter minals, procure rights of way, and guarantee subscriptions. They are willing to show their faith by their works, just as Mr. Strahorn purposes to make a large investment on his own account. He is something more than a promoter; he is a builder and investor. He has a legitimate and fruitful idea, which he has sought to capitalize with funds furnished by himself and by the interests concerned and benefited. What could be fairer? This is an intimation that Portland has an interest in Central Oregon which it has not moved to protect and realize through its support of the Strahorn project. But doubtless Port land will take a hand when the time comes. The benefits to be derived from railroad development of Central Oregon are so obvious that it is con ceivable that Portland would not be fully alive to its obligations to itself and to the state. OUB 4ITNEI COMMISSIONER. It is common complaint that mil nicipalities in the past awarded fran chises for a song privileges that brought to the lucky possessors great fortunes exacted from the public. There was a semblance of excuse for this profligacy. A few decades ago the possibilities of electric transmis sion, of the telephone, of rapid transit were not realized. Municipal govern ments could hardly reason by analogy that the progress of Invention and the growing spirit of the times and the influx of population to the cities would put an enormous value on intangible property. But what may be done today in the matter of awarding franchises cannot be excused on the plea of similar ignorance. City transportation needs are established. On them have been built up great public service enter prises, and on them will be built still more great enterprises. There is an element of popularity in .the new Jit ney transportation that does not seem to subside. It is within the range of possibilities that it Is the coming sys tem of city rapid transit. Yet there is before the City Commission a propo sition practically to give away Jitney franchises. Mr. Daly's original draft of the franchise now under consideration created a privilege of twenty-five years' duration. Ten years hence there may be no street railways on the streets covered by the franchise There may be none in the city of Portland. The entire patronage of the streetcars may in that lapse of time have gone over to the auto buses. Mr. Daly has now caused a reduc tion in the time period to five years, Still the franchise is a species of favoritism that violates municipal good faith. There Is no bond re quired to insure inauguration of service; there is no charge to be made for operating over the bridges, such as is exacted from the street railway company; there is no requirement as to owl car service such as the street railway company is called upon to give: there is no tax or assess ment for paving such as is levied against the streetcar company. The jitneys need not give free transporta tion to firemen and policemen as must the streetcars; fhey are not compelled to give transfers, as the street railway Is required to do by its franchises. Yet the franchise, without these re. quirements, grants to a jitney organ. ization use of streets and bridges now operated over by the street railway company,, where all these exactions are met by the railway, and is so drawn as to give the jitneys the short haul the cream of the business. We are aware, of course, that Mr. Daly offended many friends by his at titude in regard to other Jitney regu lations. There will be no general ob jection to his squaring himself with them if he can in a legitimate way. But neither public nor street railway company is called upon to pay Mr. Daly's political bills. It is time apparently that the public thoroughly, awakened from the. dream that a man, because he is elected to office under a commission form of charter, can do no wrong or make no mistakes. This effort to surrender city rights and needed city revenues to an automobile transportation com pany, coming on top of the meter ab surdity, indicates that there 1b some thing either prejudicial or stupid in the Department of Public Utilities. MAKING NEW STATES. Even with all the territories of con tinental United States duly installed as full members of the Union, efforts to add more stars to the flag have not ceased. A movement to divide Flor ida has gained considerable headway again, after having been started a few years ago and then allowed to lapse for a time. The reasons publicly given are industrial and economic, but as a matter of fact the real motive Is polit ical. It is argued that the interests of the northern and southern parts of the state are widely apart, on account of differences of climate and character of the people. ' There has been in the northern part a considerable influx of Northerners in recent years; deep in terest is being shown in development of agriculture along modern lines, and the people of this region complain that they are held back by their less enter prising fellow-citizens in the hot belt. The restless spirit of the North chafes over restraint by the Everglades. Deeper down, however, It appears that trouble in selecting a Democratio nominee for Governor may have had something to do with the new move ment, the two regions being notorious ly opposed to each other -in constantly recurring campaigns in which the per sonal equation is large.. More recently the liquor issue has added to the com plications of the situation. The north ern part of the state inclines toward prohibition; the southern end, with Tampa and Key West and their large Cuban population, wants things to re main as they are. Development of some bitterness, considering the strong personal feeling that exists, has not been unexpected. It will be found, if the demand for state division reaches serious propor tions, that the political phase has been the Impelling one. People united by strong social ties can bear a good deal of diversity of material interests. Texas, the largest fetate In the Union, with widely different interests in the north, east, west and south, is united by strong sentiment for the "lone star" and the glory attached to the great fight for independence; and however advantageous state division might seem from the point of view of the cattleman or the cotton planter, it has not gained serious momentum. In California the native-son idea has so leavened the lump as to make geo- grapnicai consiaeratlons seem unim portant by Comparison. The Dakotas, on the other hand, were carved only a few years ago out of a territory whose economic interests were prac tically one. Those who want Florida divided have two tentative boundaries in mind. One would be the twenty-ninth parallel or latitude, and the other the Suwanee River, a few miles north of that paral lel. This would give the northern state an area larger than that of Ver mont, New Hampshire and New Jer sey combined, and the southern frag ment would be half as large again but would include great waste areas. The propaganda for division also has gone as far as the selection of a name. Flor. Ida would be left to the southern half and Jefferson is proposed for the new state of the north. In thus honoring a distinguished President, it is hoped at tne same time to create political sentiment In favor of the plan. TRAIN THE TOCNG FOR VOCATIONS. A moat important bill to promote the general efficiency of the Nation is the measure granting Federal aid to vocational education, which has been prepared .by the National commission on that subject and has been intro duced by Senator Page, of Vermont The policy embodied in this bill has been indorsed by the American Fed eration of Labor, by an overwhelming referendum vote of th United Stntpu Chamber of Commerce and by several women s organizations and by the Re publican National Convention. It is proposed to divide an annual sum among the states, dollar for dol lar expended by them for salaries of teachers, supervisors or directors of agricultural teaching; a further sum in the same manner for salaries of teach era of trade and industrial subjects: and a third sum for the training of teachers. For the year 1915-16 $500 000 is to be expended under each of these three heads, the allotment for agricultural and Industrial teaching to be Increased gradually to a maximum of $3,000,000 each and for training of teachers to $1,000,000 in 1923-24. The agricultural allotment is to be based on rural population, the industrial al lotment on urban population, and the training allotment on total population. but each state is guaranteed $5000 for each purpose in 1915-16 and $10,000 in 1923-24, in case the population ratio should give less than these amounts. The need of adapting the education of children to the vocation which they will pursue is apparent from a study of the drift of rural population to the cities, of the slow increase in product iveness of the land and of the number of untrained boys and girls who are annually turned out b- the public schools. Desertion of the country for the city is most marked in New Eng. land. Senator Page said that in sixty years the area under cultivation had decreased from 12,215,277 to 7,112,698 acres, though population had increased from 3,110,572 to 6.552,681. By agri cultural education and intensive farm ing Germany has vastly increased pro duction in thirty years, while neglect of those means of agricultural im provernent had resulted in but slight Increase in the United States. This Is the comparison made by Mr: Page: Within the last thirty years Germany has Increased her production of rye from 15 to 29 bushels, the United States from 14 to 1 bushels; Germany Increased her production of wheat from 19 to 30 bushels, the United States from 13 to 15 bushels; Germany In creased her production of barley from 24 to 89 bushels, the United States from 24 to 24.3 bushels; Germany Increased her pro duction of oats from 81 to 59 bushels, the United States from 2s to 30 bushels; Ger many Increased her production of potatoes from 115 to 20s bushel, the United (Hates us to iuo bushels. The close relation between crime and child labor on the one side and education, and industrial efficiency on the other side was brought out by Mr. Page. The laboring man cannot be induced to take his child front the ranks of the bread-winners and con tinue him in school unless he sees some practical benefit growing out of the sacrifice. Nor can a boy after pass lng through the elementary grades be induced to continue his school life un less it will equip him to earn higher wages. If the boy neither continues school nor goes to work, he is thrown into idleness at the age when the temptation to crime is strongest Hence the great number of Juvenile criminals noticed by police mag is trates. At that age boy a ta, Germany are beginning their Industrial training while continuing their theoretical studies. President Gompers. of the American Federation of Labor, stated the problem which it is desired to solve when he said: The prosperity of the Xat!nn depends upon Its Industrial and commercial success, and. In respect to these, success depends upon the training and Intelligence of Its citizens. The initiative is to be left to the states by this bill, and they are to di rect the expenditure of the funds, the Government simply approving their plans before making the allotment. Much help would be given to Oregon in advancing scientific farming, indus trial education and training teachers In those studies. The future of this state is both agricultural and indus trial. Its country boys can be kept on the farm by being trained to make success of farming. Its city boys can build up manufactures by being trained for the industries for which they are best fitted. By coupling up the educational system with the voca tions which the young are to follow, the United States should be able a generation hence to surpass Germany. WASTE PUT TO IJSE. The berry season will soon be over and owners of loganberry, blackberry and raspberry tracts will be getting into their patches to clean out the dead canes. This must be done before the new shoots start in the Spring if the berry owner would have good crops. It is estimated that the aver age acre of red raspberries will have from two to four tons of dead canes, the removal of which is no small job. The problem of getting them out of the way has "bothered many berry growers. The usual custom is to pile them in heaps and burn them. That is all very well so far as their disappearance goes, but it is a great economic loss. greater than one would imagine at first thought. In these vines is stored chemical properties of value if they could be utilized, and the place for these chemicals, the ideal place is in the soil that produced the canes. J. E. Newton, of Puyallup, Wash., a berry rancher of note, has invented a machine that will cut the canes up into lengths of about an inch. After cutting it is proposed to scatter them over the ground and plow them under. This looks like a sensible solution of the problem, for it will not only get rid of the canes at small cost but will greatly enrich the soil when decay is accomplished and thus increase the berry yield in the yeaps following. Such a cutter should not be an ex pensive contrivance. One could do the work for many acres of plants, so it would not be necessary to have more than one in a neighborhood. It seems in all ways a sensible and feasible idea. The difficulty of representing the sounds of one language by the ortho graphic system of another is clearly illustrated in a book recently pub lished in Germany by a descendant of Jacob Ludwig Carl Grimm, author of the earliest German dictionary, and primarily meant for the use of Ger man officers in an English-speaking enemy country. The first obstacle en countered is the word "German" itself, which appears "Schoerman." This is apparently as near as the lexicograph er could come to It within the limits Imposed upon him, but It has been saidby Britishers In the trenches that they have encountered a few enemy soldiers educated by this method who were able to make themselves well enough understood for all practical purposes. That the author of the word book may have dwelt for a pe riod in a certain state in the United States that is situated in one of its principal valleys and is variously classified as in the West and in the South, Is indicated by the appearance in its pages of the highly suggestive phrase, Schehw mih!" We are missing more than one op portunity to do business with South America on account of the lack of shipping facilities. This is pointedly shown by the fact that in Argentina people are shivering through the cold est Winter they have known for many years and are insufficiently supplied with coal even at the high price of $40 a ton now prevailing throughout the republic. The temperature at Buenos Aires, the capital, has dropped to several degrees below freezing, and distress is not confined to the poorer classes, the well-to-do having the necessity of extreme fuel economy forced upon them. With transporta tion facilities, American coal mine owners would make a satisfactory- profit, even at a price much lower than that now prevailing, and much suffering would be prevented. The California Indian who bought a discarded hearse to use as a family carriage is no more unusual than many whites who buy automobiles. One point in his favor is that he does not owe on it. The man who has been jyrested for the third time on charges of con tributing to delinquency of minor girls must have the confirmed habit and should be dealt with in a way to fit the case. One of the dancing masters in Chi cago declares, the Irish Jig is the easiest for blind children to learn. Sure thing. That terpsichorean revel is the natural outburst of a heart of Joy. Coos Bay has its greatest joy to come. Now there is a railroad into "the Bay," a big circus, with three rings and all the accoutrements, is going in late next month. With the great excess of women in the world population, the' man who commits suicide because he cannot get his particular choice does a foolish act. Honorable "Pat" McArthur has re turned from Maine and the Democrats down there are yelling for help in the campaign. Now for an ordinance to regulate the size of holes In the doughnuts, and an official inspector, of course. If the strike starts at 7 A. M. on Labor day many excursionists will change their plans. Germany is not excited over Rou manla. One or two more does not bother her. The smaller loaf means thinner slices and more bites to the slice. . If the dog is worth keeping, he is worth the cost of a license. Wilson would crack the whip on the brotherhoods. The hopplckers will travel ahead of Strike day. How to Keep Well. By Dr. W. A. Evans. Question pertinent to hys-tene, sanitation and prevention of disease, if matters of (en eral interest, will be answered in this col utnn. Where space will not permit or the subject Is not suitable, letter will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped addressed envelope Is Inclosed. Ur. Bvans will not make dlasnosls or prescribe for individual diseases. Re quphu for such service cannot be answered. (Copyright, 1918. by Dr. W. A. Evans. Published by arrangement with the Chicago Tribune.! Infantile Paralysis) Dlaarnosia. THE diagnosis of infantile paralysis is not always easy. Lovett says: "The diagnosis of infantile paralysis is rarely made before the appearance of the paralysis, and a surprlslngfy large number of cases are wrongly diagnosticated at this early period even when seen In the midst of an epidemic." But not all the cases ever show any paralysis. Perhaps the proportion of cases not showing paralysis is as high as one-half. It is Just these mild cases which, not being recognized as infan tile paralysis, make control of the dis ease so difficult. When infantile paralysis is around physicians should regard with sus picion all cases of fever and bowel trouble, especially if there is a good deal of pain in the back, neck, legs and arms. They should test th strength of the various muscles at every visit. But in many cases the paralysis of Infantile paralysis affects only one or two muscles or groups of muscles, and, to make matters worse, the loss of muscular power may not last for more than a day or two. Since for diagnostio purposes it is eo Im portant' that paralysis when present should be discovered, and since the paralysis may be so slight or so tran sient as to escape ordinary examina tion, it is plain that some improved method of testing muscles for paraly sis was needed. Dr. Lovett responded to this need by devising a set of balances for testing the strength of muscles. The appara tus consists of four spring balance scales, 1 to 4 pounds, graded in ounces; 1 to 30 pounds, 1 to 50 pounds and 1 to 100 pounds. About six pieces of simple apparatus are required. The method of testing the strength of each group of muscles Is explained In Lovett's "Treatment of Infantile Paralysis" and also in the Journal of the American Medical Association March 4, 1916. Vsing this method of muscle testing, not Infrequently some case is diagnosed as infantile paralysis because of some weakened muscle which before the test was applied had been thought to be a cold or a mild case of Summer bowel trouble. The diagnosis of infantile paralysis is not the only use nor even the prln cpal use of the test. If possible, wast. ing of the paralyzed muscles must be prevented. The thousands who have recovered from infantile, paralysis in this country are divided Into four groups. First, those who have no muscle wasting. In whom recovery Is complete. This is the largest. Second those who never had any after care and whose muscle shrinking is largely a result of this neglect. This is the second largest group. Third, those who had too much and too active after care, too much electricity, massage. passive motion and exercise. This is the third largest group. Fourth, those who had Just the right amount of ex ercise, not begun too early nor too late and continued long enough. This is the smallest group. Lovett holds that so long as the pain of infantile paralysis continues exer cise of the muscles should not be given Pain means that the acute process has not subsided. He even advises putting some cases In splints to stop some pain or drawing. When the time comes to start the exercise he tests the mus cles with his muscle balance tester and in this way locates the paralysis and determines the degree. With this Information at hand he is able to pre scribe Just the exercises, massage and passive motion needed for the case in question. Weakened Arch en. M. S. writes: "Kindly let me know through your columns ' if metal back arch supports would be helpful for a person whose arch has become weak ened from wearing low shoes? Also are high, low or medium-sized heels the best for such a person to wear? REPLY. 1. A person with weak arches may have to wear arch supporters, but he should not do so until he has tried to avoid It. The best way to escape 1 to exercise the muscles of the foot and calf of the Ie;. Dance, (to barefooted, or wear thln-soled sandal. Spend some time each day rising; on the toes and then dropping; on the heels to the floor. This should be done while barefooted. 2. A a rule low heels, though the height of the heels cannot be abruptly changed without causing foot tire, foot pains, and cramps In the calf of the legs. Pigeon Breast. C. J. K. writes: "1. Is pigeon breast one of the results from rickets? 2. Is there any exercise that would correct this .deformity ? 3. Is it serious or in jurious to one's health?" REPLY. 1. It Is. Ordinary rickets results from im proper food and poor hygiene. It I a disease of thlldhood. In rickets the bones are softer than normal. In consequence they bend un der pressure. Hence bowlegs, knock-knees and pigeon breast. 2. Patient, persistent g-ymnaslura work to develop the muscle of the back and neck, especially the great muscles of the shoul der girdle, I very helpful. 8. A persons with a pigeon breast 1 un duly susceptible to consumption. Short of 'Welsh t. A reader writes: "I am 18 years of age, five feet 11 inches tall. I weigh 125 pounds stripped. I am confined in an office all day. Would a half hour's exercise in a gymnasium, followed by a shower bath, then supper one hour later every evening help increase my weight?" REPlr. Tea Be sure to eat enough. Eat butter milk, sweet milk, bread, crackers and rice especially. Elm Trees In Danger. PORTLAND, Aug. 29. (To the Ed itor.) What can we do to save our elm trees from the pest which is slowly killing them? The leaves are covered, on the under side, by a small white In sect, and a dark sticky substance, which is a great annoyance to pedestrians, continually drops to the sidewalk. The trees were sprayed by the city early in the year, but this does not seem to have been effective. Can anybody rec ommend a solution with which we might spray? We should feel very bad ly to see our' trees die. SUBSCRIBER. Write to authorities in Dallas, Tex., where elm trees are common, and get their experience. HIGHWAY'S FAME STILL HIDEM New Tork Visitor Writes In Home Paper of Road'a Wonders. Dr. Q. T. Pitt In Warwick. N. T.. Advertiser. The seven wonders of the world have been added to so many times that It is hard to know how many we have at present. The people of the State of Oregon do not intend to be left out in the count, but are possessed with the idea that they have a wonder that should head the list, in their Columbia River Highway, which for fine scenery and difficult engineering obstacles overcome stands unsurpassed by any other for grandeur of beauty and as a miracle of engineering science. The Columbia River has long been renowned for its beauty and wonders, but could enly be seen from a road dif ficult to traverse or from a steamer from which you get a fine view, but not the same Impressions as you do from the new highway, that is the marvel of the triumph of man over what was for merly considered an impossible feat of construction. The highway makes fre quent turns, and from each point new views of wonderful magnificence burst Into view. At one place. Crown Point, you are TOO feet above the river and make a complete circle. Miles of ma sonry have been built to support the road and protect It, Leaving this point you aescena to tne river by a series of figure 8s, and run along the bank of the river ror a long distance, passiner 10 or a dozen beautiful waterfalls along the way. Five snow-clad peaks can be seen from points along the highway, which add to the grandeur of the rugged mountains, and the waterfalls which burst Into view so frequently with ever. changing scenlo effect as you pass on ward, making you feel you would be repaid if you saw nothing else of the great West. You would realize that the slogan. "See America First," meant all It Implies. At Mitchell's Point there was no way to build a road along the river, but here is one place where the enslneerlne skill overcome Nature's obstacles. They ouiir. tne highway through a solid and nearly perpendicular rock, cutting it out like a railroad tunnel and making five large arched windows over the river from which is obtained a magnifi cent view of the picturesque scenery. It is the intention to make a loop of road to encircle snow-capped Mount Hood, one of the great attractions of the Slate of Oregon. Tou never tire or looking at this beautiful stately mountain. If the people of Warwick could have it here now. or If Slide Mountain In the Catskills was three times as high as It is and perpetually covered with snow we would not feel the humidity we are now having, or at all events, to look at It we would not think we were suffer ing from the heat. For Orange County people who can not go West, I would say go to Bear Mountain and see our own beautiful Hudson and the fine mountains we have here at our doors. MR. DODSO.V IS MAX FOR PLACE Commerce I'pbuildina; Ia Ilia Specialty and Portlnnd'a Need. PORTLAND, Aug. 29. (To the Edi tor.) In looking over one of the even ing papers I noticed an article, dealing with the matter of a successor to air. Hardy, as executive secretary of the nw unamDer or commerce. It mentions two local candidates w. D. H. Dodson. present secretary of traae ana commerce, and Tom Richard son, of the late Commercial Club, and goes on to state that there are a num. ber of possible candidates from outside the state of Oregon. As to the latter, suuioe It to say that Oregon ought to be able to secure a capable man at home to fill any position that it may create or exists. It looks bad to admit that It must import brains and intelli gence to handle local affairs. Now. as to the two local arentlemen the article sets forth the claims to merits of each; for Mr. Dodson. it is argued that he is connected with that office and has shown especial qualifica tions, adaptability and energy In as sisting the promotion of commercial and industrial enterprise, and in his advocacy of Portland as a shipping center, and In doing everything tend ing to create a greater payroll for the cilv and state. For Mr. Richardson it la contended that he would pay especial attention to land development and the inducing of more settlers to come to the state of Oresron. Now, if we were to lay the claims to merit of both gentlemen before the average business man, he ought rftot to have much dlffiqulty In selecting the candidate for the position of executive secretary of the Chamber of Commerce. I am a business man and have traveled a good deal and am Interested In Port land's progress and growth and want to see Portland extend Its commerce far and wide. I am especially interested In helping to create trade between this port and the Orient a market that Is little understood or appreciated by most of the merchants on this Coast. The development of this trade ought to be the ambition of this port and if taken advantage of now. It will mean the making of this city and state. The promotion of further real estate enterprises will get Portland nowhere. it is commerce that makes a city or country: instance, Enerland and Japan Hence, promote an industrial and com mercial Oregon, manufacture, grow and produce. The New Chamber's use fulness will be in finding and creating new markets, thereby assisting the farmer also. Then it will not be neces sary to induce outsiders to settle here. They will come without asking. T. J. FELIX MORAN. 12:2 Teon building. HOSE EaUlPMEJTT SOT EEFCSED Mr. Isensee Says He Waa Awstlng Fire Marshal's Ruling When Arrested. PORTLAND. Aflg. 29 (To the Edt tor.) As you have informed the public In general through The Oregoniam that I was fined $15 in the police court for refusing to equip my building with fire hose, I must ask you to inform the public that I never refused to equip my building with hose, but ap pealed to Mr. Stevens, the Fire Marshal, and waited on his decision when I was arrested on a warrant signed by Mr. Campbell and fined on his testimony. In a letter dated July 14, the con tents of which Mr. Campbell was cogni rant at the second hearing before Judge Langguth, I said. "If it is the law and you insist that I comply with) tho law, I guess I would have to comply with the law, nonsensical as it might be." I shall leave It to the Civil Service Commission and Mr. Albee if Mr. Camp bell is a fit person to have the power to arrest a person or to be an in spector. WILLIAM ISENSEE. 411 Broadway, Washington Voters Mnat Give Age. GEER, Wash.. Aug. 2S. (To the Edl tor.) Is It compulsory for a voter '.o give his or her exact age when regis tering:, or do the officials have to be satisfied with the statement "learal" or "over 21" ln case of reasons, that ap pear to him or her of consequence? in most cases these are obvious and per fectly legitimate. The word "legal" is entered la many marriage licenses. In stead of the number of years. I prefer the opinion of The Oregonlan to that of state officials, as the latter may be unconsciously biased. VOTER. The Washington state law provides that the real age of all voters, both men and women must be given and both must be .21 or over. The word legal Is often Inserted in the applica tion for a marriage license, but the real age of both persons is given In the papers made Out by the 6n perform ing the ceremony. In Other Days. Half n Crntury Aa-o. From The Oregonlan of August SO. 1SSA. Fragrue, An;. 7. The treaty of peace between Prussia nnd Austria has been ratified by tho King of Prussia and is now on Its way to this city for ex change. Florence, Aug. 2S. Maazlnl refuses to accept an amnesty under Victor Eman uel s proclamation and declines to be subject of the King on any terms. preferring exile. The Italian volun teers are being disbanded. The Boise Statesman says that emi grants continue to arrive in large num- Ders at oise Citr. mostly bound for Oregon. It Is very clear from the disnatehea that General Grant and Admiral Far ragut were the lions of the Presidential party at Philadelphia. Had thev been absent, the visit to Philadelphia would nave Decn a lizzie. New York, Aug. 28 A telegram cor respondence of over 700 words from the Empress Carlotta in Europe to Maximilian passed over the cable on Sunday and was forwarded to Galves ton, where a dispatch boat will be sent to Vera Cruz. .Maximilian is said to have been one 01' the largest patrons of the cable. Chicago. Aupr. 29. There Is consider able talk in Boston of sending Wen dell Phillips from the Third .District and John A. Andrew from the Fourth uisinct. 'ihe movement originated with tho eisht-hour league and the worklngmen's organization. Twenty-Five Years Aero. From The OreRonlan of August SO, 1S31. The experiment of railing .,,,.. beets has been tried successfully during the past season near Phoenix. Klamath County expects to ship at least 200 carloads of grain to the Pan rraneisco markets the coming Fall and Winter, and all of it will rrobablv o over Uie Ager route. At the climax of bei- 0 - tragic artist. Sarah Bernhardt will play a brief engagement in this city In the .fr Lure' lne "ivlne Sarahs visit will be one of the moct nnn..,. 1 of the current dramatic season. New Tork. Aug. 29. The great futur ity race was run this ,rt... ,n track of tho Coney Island Jockev Club. The event carried tv, ii stakes in the world and resulted as follows: His Hijrhness. first: Yorkvlllo Belle, second; Uasonet, third; time. l:lo:l-15. The committee on fm -i-.. having prepared estimate r,r th. of a 60-i'oot bridge at the foot or Pine and Oak streets, with the view of tub. """"s lne same to the Council for its consideration. MOTHER'S SIDE IV ROSSI CASE American Girl Find Life Intolerable lth Ignorant Italian. PORTLAND. Auk. 29 (To the. F.rtl- tor.) Much, too much l. being said and written about the Rossi baby. Why this anxiety on tho part of our reporters, our Sheriff and our district courts and our busy-bodies that this girl baby should have a name? A name is about as necessary an appendix to Jhis infant cm h is a lermiiorm appendix to the human system. Why not let the mother and child alone? Let the mother call her child No. IS if chooses. At the ace of 18 she would likely lose her name, even ir given one. How do these intermeddlers know but the American mother is saving her child to assume tho name of the real l tt 1 ner Rossi was born in the rltv thnt witnessed the death of Daniel O'ConneU ana tne oirtn or C'hribtopher Columbus; he speaks no English. Mrs. Rossi-Acord was born in Iowa of American pioneers. Her lather was a Grand Armv man; she speaks no Italian; the offspring speaks neither. The father of this woman before leaving Oregon requested the writer to separate them before his daughter would bo murdered at the hands of her then husband. He was warned to cease beating her or she would apply for a divorce. Ho ignored all warnings and continued his Italian method of governing his American wife. He wa regularly served with process by the Sheriff or Multnomah Countv; the complaint waa read and explained to him by his employers. Shanen-Blair Company, and re-read to him by his wire. He carried it until it was worn out and knew Its contents by heart. He Ignored the courts and Sherifr and relied upon the statement or his wife, who In fear of her life told him she had dropped the matter. He failed to object to the jurisdiction of the court, his divorce was taken and entered. It cannot be assailed, cancelled or set aside. Defendants must rely upon the papers served, the court's orders and tho Sheriff's returns: not upon his wife's declarations or his relatives' state ments. The courts did not deceive him. his wife did and was warranted in so doing under the circumstances & life for a lie. Her father had gone; she had not courage to free herself; she now lias and she Is rid of him. Why did she marry him? "As God made them, the devil matched them." She cannot correct her first mistake and she cannot cure it by making & more serious one. She will go to her father, where the sunshine and schools of Iowa will make a queen out or ber nameless daughter. Let her alone. M. J. MACMAHON. Onr Country. Christian Herald. Patriotism Is a genuine love or one's native land. When one truly loves his country he is proud of its history, loyal to its ideals and jealous for its future. It is not necessary for one to think that his country is superior to all oth ers. It Is enough to think that it is a good country, and to snow that it ia dearer to his heart than any other. It is not necessary for a patriot to wish that his country Ehall prosper at the cost of Its neighbors; it is enouch to wish that all the nations shall prosper through mutual regard for one an another's rights and liberties. The pos sible perversions of patriotism and the havoc, which these perversions are In the hearts of the rising generation, likely to work make It nectssary that all who are interested in human prog ress should ponder carefully the na ture of patriotism and endeavor to plant the right idea of love of country Would Adjourn to Platform. PORTLAND, Aug. 2S. (To the Edi tor.) Mr. Fraser's swan song has been rendered. I aked him to tell me who the political economists were that had repudiated Karl Marx. But he has not replied. I asked hini what determined value when supply equals demand. He has given no reply. The reason is clear. He inply cannot. His astuteness (?) irKeate that he has not read anything about Marx. If he has, maybe he will be prepared to meet me in debate upon the matter. Meanwhile will anybody tell me what determines value when supply and de mand are equal? MOSES BAR1TZ. CLATSKANIE. Or., Aug. 27. (To the Editor.) Please inform me if a boy who will be 20 rears old within thr month, who has to help support hia parents and wants to work, comes un der the child labor law. A READER.