THE MORNING OREGONTA3T, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 1916.
10
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IORTLAM, THrKSDAY, FEB. 17, 1316-
THE PACIFIST FALLACY
At. th na:lfLat meeting in the Li
hrarv hnllrlinir President Foster, of
. Reed College, said :
t Ts it not true that in all other things you
prepare lor what you want instead of lor
what you don't want;
' It is not true. A man Insures his
' house- against fire, but he does not
want it to burn. Ho insures his me,
but does not want to die. A ship
owner insures his ship, but does not
want it wrecked. A prudent man
keens a revolver in his house to pro.
tect his family against marauders, but
he does not want to go gunning for
his neighbors. A wise nation, main
tains an army and navy, but does not
seek pretexts for war.
With a. nation which arms, as with
a man who keeps a gun, the question
' of right or wrong is decided by the
motive. It does not follow that a man
who has a gun Is therefore in danger
- of becoming a highwayman. Nor does
it follow that a nation wnicn main
' tains an army and navy is, for that
' reason alone, in danger of provoking
war bv aggression. A nation which
i refuses to arm for defense lest it
: yield to the temptation to use its array
for aggression shows so little confi-
' dence in its own self-control that it
. proves itself unfit for self-govern-"
ment. It confesses that democracy is
a failure and that it needs a benevo-
lent despot to restrain its evir propen
sitles.
The entire pacifist argument is a
' vote of no-confidence in democratic
forms of government. By advocating
riefenseleesness in the presence of
; armed despotisms, it is a vote of con
fidence in their good intentions. We
prefer to trust the good intentions
Aid self-control of an armed aemoc-
racv rather than of an armed despot
ism, especially when the democracy
is rolling in wealth and the despotism
is bankrupt, as thoso of Europe will
be after the present war. The temp
tation to an armed but bankrupt
despotism to attack an unarmed but
rich democracy s likely to prove as
irresistible as "would be the impulse
of a penniless man with gun and am
munition to hold up a citizen wno nas
bo gun, but a pocketful of money.
That is the argument for prepared
ness in brief. The inability of men
possessing the intelligence of Colonel
Wood, Dr. Foster and Dr. Chapman
to recognize it as unanswerable can be
explained by their supreme confidence
in their own opinions as opposed to
the record of all experience.
MAKE REG V LATION" EFFICIENT.
There is good cause for the investi
gation of railroad regulation which has
been proposed by President Wilson.
Since 1906 both Nation and states
have been passing regulative and re
strictive laws. Each has gone its own
way without attention to what the oth
ers were doing and therefore without
co-ordination in their regulative roeas
- ures. At the same time the states have
enormously Increased taxes on rail
roads, and labor unions have exacted
heawy increases in payrolls.
This epidemic of railroad regulation
and taxation came at a stage in the
. affairs of the railroads when they
were ill prepared for it. When pros
perity returned In 1898, they were
overbuilt and during the succeeding
eight years they greatly increased
earnings per mile with slight increase
in investment per mile. In an article
in the North American Review Samuel
O. Dunn showed that during that
period property investment increased
only four per cent, wages increased
only eight per cent, taxes increased
forty-two per cent, while gross income
increased sixty per cent and net in.
come forty-eight per cent. But "traf
fic caught up with facilities" and
large new investments became-neces-sary
to handle additional business,
both taxes and wages were increased
and a panic Intervened to slow up
growth of traffic. Consequently the
eight years from 1906 to 1914 show
that, while investment per mile in
creased twenty per cent, wages thirty
three per cent and taxes sixty-nine per
cent, traffic increased only twenty
three per cent and net income per mile
decreased 10 per cent.
Regulation has largely contributed
to this unfavorable turn of affairs.
Both Nation and states regulate rates
and service, generally reducing the
former while making the latter more
costly. In many respects there is
duplication, inconsistency and con
flict between Federal and state regu
lation. While the anti-trust law for
bids combination to fix rates and di
vide traffic, interstate commerce laws
treat railroads as a regulated monop
oly and by appropriating to the pub
lic the benefits of monopoly these laws
render this prohibition unnecessary
and harmful.
The result of these laws is that dur
ing the period when the railroads
should have been preparing for the
present increase of traffic by increas
ing their facilities, they have been
compelled to practice an economy
which now renders them unable to
carry the present volume of traffic,
to say nothing of the increase which
will surely follow as the whole popu
lation enjoys the fruits of prosperity.
During the period from 1910 to 1914
as compared with that from 1902 to
1906 there has been a decrease of
42 per cent in new mileage built, 32
per cent in freight cars ordered and
29 per cent in locomotives ordered.
Work of maintenance and betterment
which should have been done from
year to year has been postponed. To
this fact is principally due the recent
increase in net earnings as compared
with 1912, the last year in which the
railroads handled a big business.
Comparing September. October and
November, 1915 and 1912, gross earn
ings per mile increased only 1.7 per
cent, while net earnings increased 12
per cent, according to the Railway
Age-Gazette. That paper says:
Tha larger part of the increase in net
trrrlT m&uV to fce 4u iat reduction
in operating expenses. There wero increases
in all classes of operating expenses, except
In maintenance of way and structures and
conducting transportation; and of the sav
ings, about one-third were made- in mainte
nance of, way and two-thirds in conducting
trans porta tiou.
It is obvious that some of the sav
ings that have been effected In oper
ating expenses cannot be permanent.
Total expenditures for maintenance of
way and structures may be partly due
to increased efficiency, but they are
chiefly due to deferred maintenance.
The railroads no sooner enter upon
a period of business activity than they
find their facilities scarcely adequate
for existing traffic. Their mainten
ance work Is behind their needs and
they lack capital to Increase facilities,
They are confronted with a demand
from their employes for concessions
which, they estimate, will add $100,
000,000 a year to their expenses. "The
increase in their earnings is even now
barely sufficient to pay current in
terest on the investment, yet the law
provides no means by which any
added expense for labor can be
promptly made good by added rev
enue. In order to obtain this added
revenue they must conduct long legal
fights not only before the Interstate
Commerce Commission but before
two-score state commissions.
The confusion caused by our pres
ent methods of regulation does not
injure the railroads alone; it injures
the whole Nation. By cramping the
growth of our transportation system
it cramps the growth of business and
the development .of the country. It
holds the latter down to the srow pace
of the former. This Is not an indict
ment of regulation; it is an argument
for- making regulation efficient, for
removal of conflict between National
and state authority, and for increas
ing the machinery and power of the
National commission, that It may
promptly deal with each emergency
that arises. It is intolerable that, be
cause of inefficient regulation and
conflicting laws, business should be
compelled to mark time for lack of
transportation and that labor's de
mands should threaten paralysis.
GRAVE CHARGES.
It is well for the public to consider
calmly and without prejudice the
extraordinary nature of the Brandeis
controversy in its personal and ethical
aspects. In the discussion over his
judicial fitness, the fact should not be
ignored that damaging charges against
Brandeis, affecting his integrity as a
lawyer and as a citizen, have been
publicly made. If they are true, they
disqualify Brandeis as a judge, what
ever else may be said for or against
him. If they are not true, it is ear
nestly to toe hoped that they may be
fully disproved. That men of stand
ing are willing and anxious to make
them gives this phase of the case a
significance and gravity which no citi
zen, whatever his opinion of Bran
deis on political grounds may be, ought
to be willing to ignore or fail to weigh.
Let us summarize them:
In the Senate subcommittee hearing.
Clifford Thorne, chairman of the Rail
road Commission of Iowa, charged Mr.
Brandeis with:
Breach of faith.
Unprofessional conduct in connec
tion with one of the greatest cases of
the generation.
"Conceding the cause of the rail
roads to the fatal Injury of the pub
lic interest" in the five per cent rate
case.
Samuel W. Winslow,. president of
the United Shoe Machinery Company,
of which Mr. Brandeis was a director
and counsel, testified that Mr. Bran
deis was "guilty of unprofessional con.
duct" In that after leaving the com
pany (as director and counsel) he had
used knowledge gained in association
with the company to attack as illegal
and criminal "the very acts and system
which he (Brandeis) assisted to create
and which he advised was legal."
Hollis R. Bailey, a Boston attorney,
with whom Mr. Brandeis was asso
ciated in college and later in the prac
tice of law, charged Mr. Brandeis with
representing at the same time lessees
and lessors of the Warren Paper Mills,
In transactions Involving an estate of
1,000,000, . and that he had been
guilty of acts which favored one set of
interests against the other.
In the words of Mr. Bailey, the Bos
ton bar, as a whole, considered Mr.
Brandeis "a very able lawyer, a man
of keen intellect, and an able advocate,
but not entirely trustworthy." Mr.
Bailey describes himself as a "Wilson
Democrat."
C. W. Barron, publisher of the Wall
Street Journal, after declaring that
Mr. Brandeis was "hired to aid in
wrecking the New Haven railroad,"
and that there was a case "in which
Mr. Brandeis went out and organized a
protective policyholders' committee
and later appeared as the attorney for
the insurance company," suggested
that Charles S. Mellen be called as a
witness. Mr. Mellen declined to come.
saying he had no information worth
giving.
Doubtless Mr. Brandeis will have his
turn before the committee. But it Is,
we believe, the first time within a
generation, and perhaps' within the
history of the country, that the char
acter of an appointee to the Supreme
bench of the United States has been
questioned and made the subject of
official inquiry.
SEATTLE DECLARES ITSELF.
The stand taken by the Seattle
Chamber of Commerce in favor of de
velopment of water power is worthy
of imitation by all commercial bodies
in the West. The resolutions expose
the hollowness of the pretense that
Federal control is necessary to pre
vent harmful monopoly and declares
the provisions of the Ferris bill pro
hibitive of development. It asserts
the rights of the Western states to the
same control over their waters as is
enjoyed by all other states.
In their efforts to justify the Ferris
bill, advocates of Federal control and
of the restrictions imposed by that bill
persistently trot out .the monopoly
bogey. In so doing they ignore en
tirely the efficient regulative bodies
of the states and the right reserved by
the states to acquire water-power
plants and sites by exercising the right
of eminent domain. Existence of
harmful monopoly is thus made im
possible. They ignore also the funda
mental principle of equality among the
states. That principle requires that
the Western states have as full control
over their waters as have the Eastern
and Southern states. It forbids Con
gress to use Government ownership of
power sites as a lever wherewith to
oust the Western states from, control
of their water.
In this controversy it is imperative
that the people of the West stand to
gether for the full development of
their water resources under state au
thority. The interest of Oregon and
Washington is identical in this matter.
Their people should pull together and
should refuse to be deluded by those
who. falselx charge. Jh-e defenders pf
their rights with being the tools of
a pdwer trust, which is wholly
mythical.
AFTBR A LONG YEAR.
A year ago, and more. President
Wilson (through the nominal hands of
Secretary Bryan) sent a-note of warn
ing against the proposed German pol
icv of reprisal on Great Britain
through its submarine warfare, declar
ing the American purpose to hold the
imperial German government to
"strict accountability" for any loss of
American lives of property.
On May 13, following the Lusitania
tragedy, the warning was solemnly re
peated, and-explicit demand for dis
avowal and reparation was made, with
guarantees against recurrence of such
violations of neutral rights.
On June 19. our Government "very
earnestly and very solemnly renews
the representations of its note" (of
May 13).
On July 21, our Government reiter
ated its demand for disavowal an
reparation "so far as reparation can
be made for an illegal act."
Since then the exchanges between
the governments have been protraeted
and to an extent informal. It has been
repeatedly announced from Washing
ton that the wearisome Lusitania ne
gotiation was nearing a satisfactory
settlement.
But It is admitted that there will
be no disavowal and no concession that
it was an illegal act. Only reparation
dead men, dead women, and dead
children paid for at a price and
promise to safeguard passengers on
liners, unless the vessels resist or try
to escape.
The word is given out again from
Washington that the German govern
ment and the American Government
are in substantial agreement. There
has been an obvious campaign of semi
official publicity with the view of pre
paring the American people for a set
tlement which the American Govern
ment has decided to make. The stage
is all set for a cordial clasping of offi
cial German and American hands.
But the deed that deliberately sacri
ficed American lives is not to be dis
avowed and it is not to be regarded as
illegal. So much is known. Whom
soever the submarines drown, they will
be paid for.
We wonder if the American people
will be as easy to please.
SOLD OCT.
An impressive episode, which car
ried with it a distressing realization,
occurred at a luncheon of members of
the Ad Club yesterday. Oregon was
sold out" in almost less time than
it takes to- tell it.
Someone suggested that ten of those
around the table rise and answer ten
questions on Oregon's resources, Port
land scenic values, routes of travel,
accommodations and matters of nec
essary interest to tourists. The ten
arose willingly enough, but not one
answered satisfactorily the one ques
tion put to him, or was able to give
the advice sought by the questioner
who assumed the role of tourist.
One could not tell how to reach
Crater Lake. Another could tell noth
ing in detail of historical places to
visit. Still another knew only in a
general way of the grand mountains
towering over the city. How best to
observe the operation of some industry
logging, for Instance peculiar to the
Northwest, could not be explained by
the one asked, and others left the
questioner in doubt as to routes of
pleasant travel; accommodations, popu
lation, names of historical pioneers,
steamer traffic and other things about
which the most casual tourist would
be sure to ask.
Portland recently executed a force
ful publicity enterprise in the Letter
Writing week. We asked our friends
to come. Now, are we personally
equipped, each one of us, to make the
visit interesting when they arnve?
Perhaps a week of self-study would
be a good thing. Undoubtedly, It
would be an excellent idea for other
semi-civic clubs at their luncheons to
have a question box and conduct self-
examinations similar to that which
floored the Ad Club members.
The lack of intimate knowledge of
what Oregon has for tourists is not
confined to members of the Ad Club.
We doubt if the average business
man or any other is sufficiently in
formed to entertain tourists; to make
them feel that we had set our house
in order for them. We single out the
plight of the Ad Club members, not
to criticise, but to bring home a fuller
realization of the duty to city, state
and section that begins when the
Spring travel starts.
BUILDING Vr THE DAIRY BUSINESS.
The Northern Pacific Railway Com
pany is making strenuous efforts to
build up" the dairy business along its
lines, which reach from the Great.
Lakes west to the Pacfflc Coast, and
includes 8700 miles of track. The
officials of the company are wise
enough to understand that in the
territory served by them the first
essential of profitable business for the
road is to make their patrons pros
perous, for It stands to reason that
these patrons must have money be
fore they can turn it Into the coffers
of the company for freight, passenger
or express service, which are the only
things the road has to sell.
These officials also know that there
are no communities more prosperous
than those depending upon the dairy
cow as their mainstay, whifh means
of course the other things that must
follow the cow, such as hogs and poul
try. It is plain to these astute indi
viduals likewise that much of their
territory is admirably fitted for the
dairy business, especially that adja
cent to the lines in Washington and
Oregon.
In their general plans for develop
ment the officials employ experts to
teach the landowners not only how to
start in the dairy business but how to
make it profitable to themselves and
their communities, the first great es
sential being to keep only such cows
as pay a profit. These experts show
that it costs the average dairyman
about $60 to keep a cow for a year,
and that practically 50 per cent of the
cows of the country as a whole do not
"pay their board," that Is, do not pro
duce milk enough to return to their
owners the cost of their feed.
The Northern Pacific has just fin
ished one of these campaigns. It
covered a large territory in South
western Washington, where about
twenty meetings were held. Although
weather conditions were bad, these
meetings were attended by nearly 2000
people, most of whom were farmers.
Professor D. E. Willard, commonly
called "Farmer Willard," one of the
development agents of the company,
and Mr. C. E. Arney, their Western
immigration and industrial agent,
were in charge of the campaign, and
Professor J. M. Price, of the Pullman
Agricultural College extension de
partment, was one of the principal
pany were along to assist in the gen
eral management of the trip.
Professors Willard and Price are
experts in details of animal hus
bandry and particularly such as are
related to the dairy cow. Their lec
tures therefore must have been so
convincing that there Is almost certal
to toe a great uplift in the dairy busi
ness in the territory covered by the
trip. It is certain that there will be
great fatality among the scrub bulls
of that same territory and a quick
advance in the grade of cows. It is
also safe to say that there will also
be a great increase in' the amount of
corn grown in Southwestern Washing.
ton, for Professors Willard and Price
impressed the fact that there is
nothing grown that can take the place
of corn in the dairy business.
The Northern, Pacific officials in
tend to keep up their campaigns of
education along these lines and they
are thereby doing a splendid work for
themselves, their patrons and the en
tire Northwest.
There is a irreat deal of talk about refusal
of the Senate to confirm the nomination of
Brandeis. But the appointment was for po
litical purposes and the Democrats have a
sare majority in the upper house, ine oe
ate will stall for a while, but in the end it
will do as it is told. Eugene Register.
Probably it is the first time in the
memory of men living when an ap
pointment to the Supreme Bench has
been made by a President for distinct
ly political purposes. In all the cate
gory of offenses with which Roose
velt was accused, trifling with the fau
preme Court by doubtful appointments
was not to be found. President Taft
was conspicuously careful in his selec
tions. The split between Cleveland
and Tammany over the Hornblower
and Peckham appointments is his
toric. A Democratic President now
has acted with a clear reference to
politics in a non-political matter, and
a .Democratic senate win Bta.ua uy
him.
Difference of opinion 'between naval
officers as to whether the United
States should build large or small
submarines emphasizes the need of a
Council of National Defense which
will settle those questions. Such
body was promised by the Democratic
platform of 1912, but that promise
has gone the way of many other Dem
ocratic promises.
fin ftr as la now known not a single arrest
was made In Linn county aunng me muma
of January for drunkenness. Lebanon cri
terion.
We hope an assumption that nobody
in Linn County was drunk during
January Is correct. Then we should
have no lingering doubt about the
complete efficiency of the prohibition
law.
It all depends on training. In Chi
cago, where they burn oil, gas and
coal, man is a stranger to the wood
pile, and that Is the reason, no doubt.
that a Chicago man visiting at Ridge
field cut his foot with the ax when
he tackled the job.
If divorced people who fight for
possession of a child would realize
what the child will get when he ac
quires a third "parent," they would
patch up their troubles and give their
offspring a chance in the world.
When the Chicago police shall have
rounded up all the anarchists and the
steward of the University Club kitchen
shall have "saved his face" for the
dirty soup kettle, more than likely the
chef will emerge.
The 800 quarts of nitro-glycerine
that blew up in a Cleveland suburb
yesterday made a crack in the atmos
phere and the wonder is that but one
man was killed.
That one man in Gresham received
a shipment of "booze" puts a number
of good men under suspicion. If there
were two, others could dodge the,
glory.
Portland will rejoice if Count von
Holstein-Rathlou and his wife should
be prevented from opening a new
chapter of their adventures In this
city.
Declaration that it Is impossible to
take the alcohol from cider by run
ning it through a cream separator
is a knock to the implement trade.
After nine months' search, Presi
dent Wilson has found the missing
word, but it cannot bring the Lusl
tania's dead back to life.
Anarchist poison plots and bomb
explosions show need of restriction on
the sale of chemicals, explosives and
their ingredients.
A man can learn properly how to
torment his wife by reading the al
leged causes in the suits filed for de
crees of divorce.
Baron Astor sat in the House of
Lords yesterday, but the peers made
the agony brief by a session of only
twenty minutes.
Employes of a city department who
ubmit to a phalanx that none may be
discharged show a proper spirit of
brotherhood.
Possibly the bridegroom's furlough
was short, for the White House laun
dress who. eloped Saturday is back at
the tubs.
Sale of, 50,000,000 feet of yellow
fir timber at $1 a thousand was an
ordinary Oregon transaction yester
day.
It would be a pity if peace were to
come with one fell swoop before the
Lusitanla incident is settled.
Canadian patriotism is at such fe-
er heat that it demands the Union
Jack constantly in evidence.
There is a feel of Spring In the air
and who will be the first to wear the
ice-cream" suit?
Good laws well administered should
prevent such tragedies as " that of
Bessie Holladay.
There are no kinks In the klnkajou
just added to the Washington Park
zoo.
The American Clubhouse in Toron
to is included in the danger zone.
The popcorner's horse will enjoy
moving on, if his owner does not.
Look for a demonstration if the
German fleet has a new head.
Talking about rare days, maTk one
for yesterday.
There la' ao answer to
Root'
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Evans.
' Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in this col
umn. where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable, letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped, addressed n
velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make
diagnosis or prescribe for individual dis
eases. Requests for such service cannot be
answered,
(Copyright, 101B. by Dr. W. A. Evans.
Published ty arrangement with Chicago
Tribune.)
Use Fans In Winter.
FANS are necessary for comfort, well
being, and efficiency in the
Winter. In the first place, they are
needed to distribute the heat in a
room. Without fans large rooms are
uncomfortable on cold days. The terri
tory near the radiators is too hot. That
next the windows, doors and the walls
on the wind side of the house arej too
cold. The space next the ceiling is too
hot, and In crowded offices and stores
it is now the custom to double deck
some part of the room. The floor and
the space near it are too cold. Fan
properly placed will warm up the cold
areas and cool off those that are over
heated. .
It has been found that the principal.
and certainly the easiest proven,
causes of 111 effect from bad air are
due to the condition of air. Either the
temperature is wrong, the humidity I
wrong, or the air movement Is wrong.
If air Is too hot or too cold, those wh
breathe It are Inconvenienced or in
capacitated. If air is too wet or too
dry it is harmful.
There are any number of observa
tions similar to the following by Lee,
quoted by Sewall in tho Interstate
Medical Journal: If a person is kept i
a room where the air has a tempera
ture of 81.4 and a humidity of 89 his
temperature will rise to one degree
above normal. A man feels fit whe
in a room where the temperature i
69 and the humidity 54, and the air
is kept in motion by fans or other
wise. Any condition of the air which
gives a man fever is an extreme con
dition. Workers would not tolerat
such conditions for even a brief spell
Drs. Winslow and Palmer of th
New York Commission held a group o
en under conditions very much more
like ordinary office conditions. Thel
experiment was continued for a con
siderable time. They found that the
men could do as much physical o
mental work as men under good con
ditions of ventilation. They could do
it. but they were not inclined to do it.
What bad air took from them was the
inclination to work. It also robbed
them of some inclination to eat. In
other words, it took the edge from
their appetite for work and also for
food.
This strikes me as being a very sen
sible conclusion. I am sure that thou
sands of clerks, stenographers and of
fice managers will say that Winslow
and Palmer have come to about the
same conclusion. All of the invest!
gators since Leonard Hill have come
to the conclusion that still air is harm
ful; that in order to have comfort, well
being and health It Is necessary that
the air around us be kept in motion
Of course, this can be overdone. Air
that is moving- too violently blows
from around the body the heat that is
necessary for comfort. Therefore, keep
the fans going In cold weather, but in
our xeal in the use of fans we must
not forget the need to let some fresh
air into the room.
No poisonous substance has been
found in expired air, but that does not
prove that there is none there. For
that matter the proof that any one in
gredient of any of the excretions
poisonous is not good, but that does
not caise us to protect our water sup
plies against human excretions.
Books on Pyorrhea.
E. R. B. writes: "What books shall
read for full information on pyor
rhea? Is It transmissible through kiss
ing?"
REPLY.
Pyorrhea Is an inflection of the gums. We
do not know very much about how it is
transmitted. The mouth secretions can be
made sterile by the use of an Ipecac mouth
wash or some other. Read Bass & John's on
pyorrhea or "Marshall's Mouth Hygiene
Tho medical library and possibly the public
library have these books.
Cure for Tobnceo.
B. H." writes: "Will you please pub
lish the cure for tobacco?"
REPLY.
Local treatment Chew up and swallow
one five-grain zinc eulpho-carbolate tablet
plain) each time before smoking. After the
first few days use half a tablet instead of
whote one. Can smoke as often as you
wish.
Internal treatment Take one five-grain
quinine pill before meals, reducing the dose
to two grains as soon as the tobacco craving
passes away. Continue this for a week and
discontinue Ui-3 treatment, but resume the
same for a few days any time there is
tendency to relapse.
Diet Eat good, nutritious food three times
daily and take a lunch midway between
meals if hungry. Tak-e plenty of active out
door -exercise (in work or recreation) daily
to divert the mind as well as Improve the
health. Be very regular in habits of lue.
Tobacco chewers may use in addition to
the quinine treatment, eomo chewing gum
to which a small amount of gentian root
has been added. The patient should, as far
possible, avoid places and associations
where tobacco is used until the cure, is well
established.
Better Than Enemas.
J. W. A. writes: T am H years old.
For years I have suffered with con-
tipatlon and insomnia, I am compelled
to take an enema every night in order
to sleep. Recently I have Used castor
oil.
I take cold at the slightest ex
posure to draft or low temperature.
Cold attacks the larnyx and bronchials.
After the first attack I am unable to
avoid taking more cold, though I
hardly know how. Has this condition
any connection with the enemas?"
REPLY.
I think it has to do with your constipa
tion. Can you not get relief from mineral.
or agar, or eating bran, fruits, vegetables.
dates or raisins? Either is - better than the
aily use of enemas. A man of 74 should
be willing to go to lots of trouble to d-a
crease his susceptibility to colds, for colds
in old people are very dangerous.
City Official of Portland.
PORTLAND. Feb. 15. (To the Edi
tor.) Will you kindly publish the
names of the city officials of Portland
and the heads of all the public de
partments? G. L. A.
There are live departments in the
city service with a member of the City
Council in charge of each. They are:
Mayor H. R. Albee, department of
safety; George L. Baker,' department of
public affairs; Robert G. Dieck, depart
ment of public works; Will H. Daly,
department of public utilities; C. A.
Bigelow, department of finance. The
other principal officals are: City Audi
tor, A. L. Barbur; City Attorney. W. P.
LaRoche; City Health Officer, M. B.
Marcellus; City Treasurer, William
Adams; Municipal Judge, Arthur Lang
guth; Chief of Police. John Clark; Fire
Chief, B. F. Do well; Purchasing Agent,
J. R. Wood; Water Superintendent, 1
S. Kaiser: Street Cleaning Superin
tendent, Alex Donaldson; Building In
spector, Horace E. Plummer.
Slogan Inspires Poets.
PORTLAND, Feb. IS. (To the Ed
itor.) I have been much interested In
the comments appearing in The Ore
gonlan on the inspired line of Mrs.
Smith's, to be used as the slogan for
the coming Rose Festival. May I add
a line or two In appreciation?
"For you a rose in Portland grows,"
For you it blooms, for you it glows;
Its beauty fair and fragrance rare
A welcome sends just everywhere.
OPES SESAME TO HALL OK FAME
Everlasting: Distinction Due Anyone
Who Answers Correctly All These,
The Oregonian reprints herewith a
list of Questions and brain tests coin
piled or appropriated, by tho Eugene
Guard, and compliments tnai publica
tion for its thorough sagacity in this
nartiiMilar hv addinc that anyone who
answers all the Questions correctly,
without recourse to texts, and meets
the tests without failing, has our un
divided support as a candidate for the
Hall of Fame.
Read these questions at the famfly
dinner table tonight, and see how they
are answered. It is not exactly a
school teacher's list, but it was sug
gested by a school teacher's list:
Name the nations now at war.
What is the name of the presont
Podc. of the Czar, of the Kaiser, of
tho Governor of your state, of your
Congressman and of your Senator?
When did the buffalo nickel come
Into use?
What are derby hats made of?
Name four materials uBed In making
an ordinary loaf of bread.
How should you bind up a severed
artjry; a severed vein.'
Name four flowers that grow wild in
your neighborhood.
Tell soinethinc: about these persons
Shackleton. Brand Whitlock. Sir Ed
ward Grey, Ruben Dario, Maeterlinck,
Shaw, Burbank, Kreisler. Laurior,
Rostand, Krupo.
What is the foot-and-mouth disease;
the hookworm, the coma bacillus.
With what author do you associate
these names: Ulysses, Portia, Chris
tian, Jean Valjean, Mr. Micawber, Don
Juan, Arthur Dimmcsdale. Hypati
Beatrice?
Locate tho Parthenon, the Taj Mahal,
the Vatican, St. Mark's, the Ityku
Museum, Fujiyama, Orizaba, Mukden,
Rhcims, St. Lazare, Chapultepec, Nome.
With whom do you associate these
sayings: "Keep your .powder dry,"
"innocuous desuetude?' "watchful
waitinGr." "the eternal feminine," "far
from the madding crowd," "the Star
Spangled Banner," "distance lends en
chantment," "monarch of all I survey,"
"my kingdom for a horse"?
What do these phrases mean: Whlto
elophant, contraband of war, local
option, hit the trail, rendezvous, quid
pro quo, ex-dividend, whole-hotsu.
lifer, recidivist, 1 should worry, non
sequitur.
Arrange in the order in which they
lived: Washington. Charlemagne,
Caesar, Lincoln, Elijah, Bismark, Abra
ham, Luther, Rafael, Socrates, Kant,
Plato.
Why does an apple fall, a stick float,
a bomb explode and a fountain play?
Utter 20 words, with moderato speed,
one after the other, without repeating
or hesitating any English words.
Close your eyes and without previous
preparation, name 20 objects in the
room you are in.
We say a "flock" of birds; of what
would ycu use the terms, bevy, herd,
group, company, crowd, batch, lot,
heap, collection, congregation, horde.
crew, gang, band, squad, swarm,
school, thoal, covey, drove, galaxy,
cluster, set. pack, bunch, assortment,
sheaf, shock, mass?
What do we know, anyway. Maybe
we ought to go to school with the
children.
DEVELOPMENT
IS
PKOII1HITED
Seattle Chamber Denounces Ferris Bill
as Tyinir Up Water Power.
The Seattle Chamber of Commerce
has adopted the following resolution
on waterpower legislation, which was
prepared by Senator Piles, chairman
of the committee on National affairs,
and was reported by that conimlteu:
Whereas, the development of our unused
waterpower la one of the most urgent needs
In the promotion and expansion of our agri
cultural, commercial and industrial life; and.
Whereas, it U useless to hope for any de
velopment along lines that will be of ma
terial benefit to the state unless a law wmi
respect theivito shall bo enacted upon broad
and liberal business principles; and.
Whereas, the so-called Kerns bill is so un
reasonable and so restrictive and druutlo In
Its provisions as to mean practical prohi
bition of such development; and.
V hareas, there Is neither reason nor foun
dation for the claim that there Is necessity
for such legislation In order to prevent mo.
nopoly or insure reasonable rates and ade
quate service, since under thsi law of this
state and of every other state where the con
stitution does not prohibit It, tho Legis
latures of the respective states have the un
doubted power to authorize the states or
ny municfpality thereof to acquire pri
vately-owned waterpower plants and sites
under the states' power of eminent domain.
and monopoly Im. therefore, impossible, and
the rates and service are reguiateu anu con
trolled by the Public Service Commission;
and.
Wheneas, every state in this union except
the nubile land states has fneely and dight-
fully enjoyed the privilege of controlling anil
regulating the use and development of its
waters for all purposes exocpt that ot navi
iratlon: and.
Whereas, if the Government of the United
States is to take from the public lands stales
the right which all the other states have
freely enjoyed in making their prugress ami
development, Congress ought not In any
event to go so far as to enact the aforesaid
bill or anv bill which will in practical of
feet prohibit water-power development, and
as a necessary consequence longer retard
tho growth and progress
of the Western
Resolved, That this chamber, w-hile pro
testing against the public lands states be
ne deprived of their rights respecting the
use and development of their flowing wa
ters, is unalterably opposed to the so-calleo
Ferris bill, and to the principle embodied
therein: and that If this state. In common
with the other public lands states. Is to bo.
temporarily at least, deprived of its rights.
we urge upon our representatives in con
press th3 necessity of seeing that such leg
lslation be passed as will Induce and not
longer practically prohibit the development
of water-power In the western states.
Questions of History-.
PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To the Edl
tor.) Will you kindly answer through
The Oregonian?
1. When was Lawrence, Ken.
sacked ?
In what year was the famine In
Ireland?
3. In what year was the Chartist
rebellion in Condon led by Feargus
O'Connor?
4. Where did the first Duke of
Wellington die? Dr. Talmadge said in
a lecture to us In Ann Arbor, Mich., he
died in London. Did he not die In
Walmer castle, in Kent, where he was
master of the Cinque Ports?
W. P. BAILLIE.
1. Lawrence, Kan., was occupied by
the pro-slavery .forces in November
and December, 1855. It was occupied
and partly destroyed May 21, 1856, and
was almost totally destroyed by Con
federate raiders on August 21, 1863.
2. Feargus O'Connor carried on
Chartist propaganda in a publication
known as ' the Northern Star. The
crest of the movement was reached in
Newport in November, 1839, when an
outbreak resulted in the death of ten
persons.
3. The Duke of Wellington died at
Walmer Castle, Kent, September 22,
1852.
4. The famine in Ireland occurred
in the Winter of 1846-47.
Yes.
PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To the Edi
tor.) A girl coming from Uermany at
the age of 19 marries a man oi tne
same birth and in this country, ana
rears and educates a family of seven
hildren. Her present ago Is b9. hlie
had taken out her first citizenship
papers but lost them In the Missouri
River flood of 1881. 13 tins woman
compelled to take out her second
papers before she is entitled to vote in
Oregon, after living in the state 34
.years: sucsLitiocit.
Persistence and a Dentist.
Life.
Persistent Be sure and get the right
tooth, doctor. "Don't worry. I'll get it
if I have to pull out every, tooth. In
your beadj't
t. .
In Other Days
Twenty-five Iran As".
Krom Tha Oretunlan l-'cbruury 17. 1SIU.
London, Feb. IS. In the lloun of
Commons today Mot ley moved to adopt
a vote censuring tho Irish exeeuUvo
committee for its action In the Tippor
ary prosecutions. lie referred to tho
incarceration of O Urien and Dillon in
prison.
Salem, Or., Feb. 16. The Multnomah
Senators have reported back tho Port
land consolidation bill, which passed
with that terrible rider creating a
City Hall commission. Tho rider It Is
expected will kill it.
A capacity audience filled tho Mar
quam Grand Theater last niht to wul
come the first appearanco In l'ortland
of Lotta, the "perennial boubretle," lti
her play of "Musette."
Dr. T. C. Humphrey, who has been
at Bellevue Hospital, New Xorlt. the
last six months, will arrlvo with his
family today. He will bring tho body
of the youngest daughter.
The. extensive work of sawinir out
and fashioning tho stone which will bo
used in the new building for The Oro
gouian at Sixth and Alder streets has
been started.
While Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Hendrlck-
son, of Albany, were at church Sunday
morning a buiurlar entered their home
and took a suit of Mr. llendrlckson's
clothes, some silk hundkcrclilcf a and
(3 in money.
Inspector Collingwood yesterday
started for England with William Stu
art Crook, tho alleged forger, requisi
tion papers having been received and
executed by British Vice-Consul J area
Laidlu w.
IlHlf Century Alio.
Krom Tho OreLonlun February 17. lSiirt.
Tho Oregon Statesman urges the
Union men to get together and combat
tho influence which the. Democracy (.1
likely to have through tho "clubs"
which aro proposed by the members or
that party. Inasmuch ns this la a fac
tor in our political life well worthy of
notice, wo concur in the Statesman's
proposal. In Oregon the number ot
Copperheads has been small hereto
fore, but the number is growing as the
result of it beinu nmdc too wurm for
them in Bomo of tho other states and
they aro flocking to our confines. Tliero
aro many societies of the Democrats all
working to put down Lincoln's Admin
istration and among these are such as
the "Old Guard," the "Knights of tho
Golden Circle'' and "Sons of Liberty."
Messrs. Waud and Mooro aro open
ing a coal bank about two miles south
of Eugeno City.
Ariincton Heights still remains In
possession of the Government, but Mrs.
Robert E. Lee asserts she Intends to
return there even it she bus to live In
tho black nuurteis. Twelvo thousand
Union soldiers hav been buried on lis
soil.
The new Portland directory shows tho
population has increused from -017 in
1S60 to 6068 in 18t5.
On Tuesday nlsht the old Hudson'
Raw Coninunv building at ! ort Van
couver, occupied as a Government barn
was burned.
At the meeting of the Union Stato
Central Committee lit Salem Kebruiiry
15. it was decided that tho apportion
ment be so inariii as to entitle cacn
county one (lelegalelo the slate con
vention for every 75 Union voters and
an ailclliumiil iii-hhuib tor nu--
linnui no or larger proportion or to.
provided each counly shHil be entitled
to ut least one delegate.
lnlm Nation, suneiintenilenr of thn
Willamette Iron Works, advertises that
he company will iiiamUuct ure an Kinas
of machinery, boilers, etc. ratierna
will be made to order by l'tler lujior.
LAYMAN'S HEMAHK "AS TOMSKER."
Fred II. Fisher's Statement to Mnrr-
tiia- In India tlufktloncil.
PORTLAND, Feb. 16. (To the Ed
itor.) At a session r the luymens
missionary convention Fred B. Fisher
made a statement to the eflect inai
fifty million natives of India went
n hfl half-starved." Tho Gentleman
s sccrt'tarv of the Methodist Missions
Society and ought to have some foun
dation for a statement that certainly
appears to be extravagant. With a
lopulation of about ouu.uou.ug", iw
means that one person In seven is on
I he vertre of starvation. Unless Mr.
Fisher lias census figure relating to
pauperism in India one is justified In
plHi-Inc; his ussertlous Hiuong th
"astonijihers" that are too apt to flguro
in missionary meetings.
Having spent a part of my lifo in
India I am In a position to declare
that there Is no greater proportion
of absolute destitute or sturvlng
people in that country than in this.
As in this land of peace and plenty,
with banks bulging wilh gold, thcrn
are hundreds of thousands of people
who are " on the raSKed ede," the
borderland between mealtime anil
hungertime. so It Is in India. Thorn
the class distinction (caste), makes tlxi
difference between the rich, the well
off end tho absolutely poor and starv
ing sharply defined, much inoro so
than in n more civilized land. In
thinking of India people often ussumo
that it is one country under one gov
ernment, whose people peak one
language This is. of course, not tho
case. With un area of neary 2.000,1)00
square niles (two-thirds Die area of
Europe), Hindustan has more coun
tries, larguages, rulers and religions
than Europe, of course, tho reverend
gentleman may know his India well,
and having be -n there more recently
than 1 may speak us one having au
thority. Hut the point I wish to make
Is: Where did he get his figures? Did
he use the figures "50.0O0.0uo" to con
vev an impression. r as a statistical
fact? JAMES IRVING CRABBE.
635 Linn Avenue.
.No .Militia In Eontern Oregon.
PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To the Edi
tor.) If the National Cuard Associa
tion bill for Federalization of the state
troops passes, tho maximum number ot
troops will be 500 for each Congres
sional district, or a total peace strength
of 200,000. This is un Increase of 70,
000 over the present strength of the
National Cuard.
Kiistern Oregon, the Second Congres
sional District, including 16 counties,
had a population of 142. S70 in 1910
census. It has no state troops. This
district has six towns much larger
than W'oodhurn, which has a good com
pany. So let preparedness s,tart in those
towns. If each will raise a militia
company, Oregon will do her share.
A JNULl 11AJ1A.H.
Thursday.
PORTLAND, Feb? 1G. -(To the Ed
itor.) Please state the day of the
week February 11, 1892, fell on.
A RKAPKR.
Hitting Only BulUeyes
When a manufacturer uses the
daily newspaper for his advertis
ing he cuts out the scenery and
aims only at bullseyes.
He hits them nine cases out of
ten, because:
He brings a definite appeal be
fore possible consumers at the right
time, and
Ho centers this demand at the
dealer's counter, and gains the co
operation of the latter.
The result is sales. Sales, SALES,
and still more sales.
A