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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 17, 1916)
THE MORNING OREGONTA3T, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 1916. 10 PORTLAND, ORKGOX. Entered at Portland (Oregon Postofflce iceond -class matter. Subscription Kate Invariably In advance: ikj Man. i Pally, Sunday Included, one year....,, rtallv, sunJav Included, six months... Tally. Sunday Included, three months.. TJally, Sunday Included, one month.... Pally, without Sunday, one year Jjally, witnout Sunday, six months.... Dally, without Sunday, three months.. lally. without Sunday, one month Weekly, one year . - Sunday, ono year ........... Sunday and Weekly, one year... (By Carrier.) , Tally. Sunday Included, one year Daflv. Sunday Included, one month.... .oo 4.25 2.1!.-. .75 6.00 3.25 1.75 .60 1.50 2.3' 3.50 9.00 .73 Hiw , nmllSvnil Totofflce money or der, express order or personal check on your inri hanir i;imn nin or currency are at sender's risk. Give postoffice addresses in Sun, including county ana araia. v . i n ii nires. 1 cent: 1 tn :i niriL 2 cents: 34 to 48 paces, 3 cents r.n ,.V - . , ,iia- to 7 TtSKeS, cents: 78 to t2 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post age. double rates. i - ,,.... nrrik Verree ft Conk Jin. Brunswick building. New York; Verree X. rnnlrlln. Srprpr building. Chicago. P Francisco representative. K. J. Bldwcll. it Market , street. - IORTLAM, THrKSDAY, FEB. 17, 1316- THE PACIFIST FALLACY At. th na:lfLat meeting in the Li hrarv hnllrlinir President Foster, of . Reed College, said : t Ts it not true that in all other things you prepare lor what you want instead of lor what you don't want; ' It is not true. A man Insures his ' house- against fire, but he does not want it to burn. Ho insures his me, but does not want to die. A ship owner insures his ship, but does not want it wrecked. A prudent man keens a revolver in his house to pro. tect his family against marauders, but he does not want to go gunning for his neighbors. A wise nation, main tains an army and navy, but does not seek pretexts for war. With a. nation which arms, as with a man who keeps a gun, the question ' of right or wrong is decided by the motive. It does not follow that a man who has a gun Is therefore in danger - of becoming a highwayman. Nor does it follow that a nation wnicn main ' tains an army and navy is, for that ' reason alone, in danger of provoking war bv aggression. A nation which i refuses to arm for defense lest it : yield to the temptation to use its array for aggression shows so little confi- ' dence in its own self-control that it . proves itself unfit for self-govern-" ment. It confesses that democracy is a failure and that it needs a benevo- lent despot to restrain its evir propen sitles. The entire pacifist argument is a ' vote of no-confidence in democratic forms of government. By advocating riefenseleesness in the presence of ; armed despotisms, it is a vote of con fidence in their good intentions. We prefer to trust the good intentions Aid self-control of an armed aemoc- racv rather than of an armed despot ism, especially when the democracy is rolling in wealth and the despotism is bankrupt, as thoso of Europe will be after the present war. The temp tation to an armed but bankrupt despotism to attack an unarmed but rich democracy s likely to prove as irresistible as "would be the impulse of a penniless man with gun and am munition to hold up a citizen wno nas bo gun, but a pocketful of money. That is the argument for prepared ness in brief. The inability of men possessing the intelligence of Colonel Wood, Dr. Foster and Dr. Chapman to recognize it as unanswerable can be explained by their supreme confidence in their own opinions as opposed to the record of all experience. MAKE REG V LATION" EFFICIENT. There is good cause for the investi gation of railroad regulation which has been proposed by President Wilson. Since 1906 both Nation and states have been passing regulative and re strictive laws. Each has gone its own way without attention to what the oth ers were doing and therefore without co-ordination in their regulative roeas - ures. At the same time the states have enormously Increased taxes on rail roads, and labor unions have exacted heawy increases in payrolls. This epidemic of railroad regulation and taxation came at a stage in the . affairs of the railroads when they were ill prepared for it. When pros perity returned In 1898, they were overbuilt and during the succeeding eight years they greatly increased earnings per mile with slight increase in investment per mile. In an article in the North American Review Samuel O. Dunn showed that during that period property investment increased only four per cent, wages increased only eight per cent, taxes increased forty-two per cent, while gross income increased sixty per cent and net in. come forty-eight per cent. But "traf fic caught up with facilities" and large new investments became-neces-sary to handle additional business, both taxes and wages were increased and a panic Intervened to slow up growth of traffic. Consequently the eight years from 1906 to 1914 show that, while investment per mile in creased twenty per cent, wages thirty three per cent and taxes sixty-nine per cent, traffic increased only twenty three per cent and net income per mile decreased 10 per cent. Regulation has largely contributed to this unfavorable turn of affairs. Both Nation and states regulate rates and service, generally reducing the former while making the latter more costly. In many respects there is duplication, inconsistency and con flict between Federal and state regu lation. While the anti-trust law for bids combination to fix rates and di vide traffic, interstate commerce laws treat railroads as a regulated monop oly and by appropriating to the pub lic the benefits of monopoly these laws render this prohibition unnecessary and harmful. The result of these laws is that dur ing the period when the railroads should have been preparing for the present increase of traffic by increas ing their facilities, they have been compelled to practice an economy which now renders them unable to carry the present volume of traffic, to say nothing of the increase which will surely follow as the whole popu lation enjoys the fruits of prosperity. During the period from 1910 to 1914 as compared with that from 1902 to 1906 there has been a decrease of 42 per cent in new mileage built, 32 per cent in freight cars ordered and 29 per cent in locomotives ordered. Work of maintenance and betterment which should have been done from year to year has been postponed. To this fact is principally due the recent increase in net earnings as compared with 1912, the last year in which the railroads handled a big business. Comparing September. October and November, 1915 and 1912, gross earn ings per mile increased only 1.7 per cent, while net earnings increased 12 per cent, according to the Railway Age-Gazette. That paper says: Tha larger part of the increase in net trrrlT m&uV to fce 4u iat reduction in operating expenses. There wero increases in all classes of operating expenses, except In maintenance of way and structures and conducting transportation; and of the sav ings, about one-third were made- in mainte nance of, way and two-thirds in conducting trans porta tiou. It is obvious that some of the sav ings that have been effected In oper ating expenses cannot be permanent. Total expenditures for maintenance of way and structures may be partly due to increased efficiency, but they are chiefly due to deferred maintenance. The railroads no sooner enter upon a period of business activity than they find their facilities scarcely adequate for existing traffic. Their mainten ance work Is behind their needs and they lack capital to Increase facilities, They are confronted with a demand from their employes for concessions which, they estimate, will add $100, 000,000 a year to their expenses. "The increase in their earnings is even now barely sufficient to pay current in terest on the investment, yet the law provides no means by which any added expense for labor can be promptly made good by added rev enue. In order to obtain this added revenue they must conduct long legal fights not only before the Interstate Commerce Commission but before two-score state commissions. The confusion caused by our pres ent methods of regulation does not injure the railroads alone; it injures the whole Nation. By cramping the growth of our transportation system it cramps the growth of business and the development .of the country. It holds the latter down to the srow pace of the former. This Is not an indict ment of regulation; it is an argument for- making regulation efficient, for removal of conflict between National and state authority, and for increas ing the machinery and power of the National commission, that It may promptly deal with each emergency that arises. It is intolerable that, be cause of inefficient regulation and conflicting laws, business should be compelled to mark time for lack of transportation and that labor's de mands should threaten paralysis. GRAVE CHARGES. It is well for the public to consider calmly and without prejudice the extraordinary nature of the Brandeis controversy in its personal and ethical aspects. In the discussion over his judicial fitness, the fact should not be ignored that damaging charges against Brandeis, affecting his integrity as a lawyer and as a citizen, have been publicly made. If they are true, they disqualify Brandeis as a judge, what ever else may be said for or against him. If they are not true, it is ear nestly to toe hoped that they may be fully disproved. That men of stand ing are willing and anxious to make them gives this phase of the case a significance and gravity which no citi zen, whatever his opinion of Bran deis on political grounds may be, ought to be willing to ignore or fail to weigh. Let us summarize them: In the Senate subcommittee hearing. Clifford Thorne, chairman of the Rail road Commission of Iowa, charged Mr. Brandeis with: Breach of faith. Unprofessional conduct in connec tion with one of the greatest cases of the generation. "Conceding the cause of the rail roads to the fatal Injury of the pub lic interest" in the five per cent rate case. Samuel W. Winslow,. president of the United Shoe Machinery Company, of which Mr. Brandeis was a director and counsel, testified that Mr. Bran deis was "guilty of unprofessional con. duct" In that after leaving the com pany (as director and counsel) he had used knowledge gained in association with the company to attack as illegal and criminal "the very acts and system which he (Brandeis) assisted to create and which he advised was legal." Hollis R. Bailey, a Boston attorney, with whom Mr. Brandeis was asso ciated in college and later in the prac tice of law, charged Mr. Brandeis with representing at the same time lessees and lessors of the Warren Paper Mills, In transactions Involving an estate of 1,000,000, . and that he had been guilty of acts which favored one set of interests against the other. In the words of Mr. Bailey, the Bos ton bar, as a whole, considered Mr. Brandeis "a very able lawyer, a man of keen intellect, and an able advocate, but not entirely trustworthy." Mr. Bailey describes himself as a "Wilson Democrat." C. W. Barron, publisher of the Wall Street Journal, after declaring that Mr. Brandeis was "hired to aid in wrecking the New Haven railroad," and that there was a case "in which Mr. Brandeis went out and organized a protective policyholders' committee and later appeared as the attorney for the insurance company," suggested that Charles S. Mellen be called as a witness. Mr. Mellen declined to come. saying he had no information worth giving. Doubtless Mr. Brandeis will have his turn before the committee. But it Is, we believe, the first time within a generation, and perhaps' within the history of the country, that the char acter of an appointee to the Supreme bench of the United States has been questioned and made the subject of official inquiry. SEATTLE DECLARES ITSELF. The stand taken by the Seattle Chamber of Commerce in favor of de velopment of water power is worthy of imitation by all commercial bodies in the West. The resolutions expose the hollowness of the pretense that Federal control is necessary to pre vent harmful monopoly and declares the provisions of the Ferris bill pro hibitive of development. It asserts the rights of the Western states to the same control over their waters as is enjoyed by all other states. In their efforts to justify the Ferris bill, advocates of Federal control and of the restrictions imposed by that bill persistently trot out .the monopoly bogey. In so doing they ignore en tirely the efficient regulative bodies of the states and the right reserved by the states to acquire water-power plants and sites by exercising the right of eminent domain. Existence of harmful monopoly is thus made im possible. They ignore also the funda mental principle of equality among the states. That principle requires that the Western states have as full control over their waters as have the Eastern and Southern states. It forbids Con gress to use Government ownership of power sites as a lever wherewith to oust the Western states from, control of their water. In this controversy it is imperative that the people of the West stand to gether for the full development of their water resources under state au thority. The interest of Oregon and Washington is identical in this matter. Their people should pull together and should refuse to be deluded by those who. falselx charge. Jh-e defenders pf their rights with being the tools of a pdwer trust, which is wholly mythical. AFTBR A LONG YEAR. A year ago, and more. President Wilson (through the nominal hands of Secretary Bryan) sent a-note of warn ing against the proposed German pol icv of reprisal on Great Britain through its submarine warfare, declar ing the American purpose to hold the imperial German government to "strict accountability" for any loss of American lives of property. On May 13, following the Lusitania tragedy, the warning was solemnly re peated, and-explicit demand for dis avowal and reparation was made, with guarantees against recurrence of such violations of neutral rights. On June 19. our Government "very earnestly and very solemnly renews the representations of its note" (of May 13). On July 21, our Government reiter ated its demand for disavowal an reparation "so far as reparation can be made for an illegal act." Since then the exchanges between the governments have been protraeted and to an extent informal. It has been repeatedly announced from Washing ton that the wearisome Lusitania ne gotiation was nearing a satisfactory settlement. But It is admitted that there will be no disavowal and no concession that it was an illegal act. Only reparation dead men, dead women, and dead children paid for at a price and promise to safeguard passengers on liners, unless the vessels resist or try to escape. The word is given out again from Washington that the German govern ment and the American Government are in substantial agreement. There has been an obvious campaign of semi official publicity with the view of pre paring the American people for a set tlement which the American Govern ment has decided to make. The stage is all set for a cordial clasping of offi cial German and American hands. But the deed that deliberately sacri ficed American lives is not to be dis avowed and it is not to be regarded as illegal. So much is known. Whom soever the submarines drown, they will be paid for. We wonder if the American people will be as easy to please. SOLD OCT. An impressive episode, which car ried with it a distressing realization, occurred at a luncheon of members of the Ad Club yesterday. Oregon was sold out" in almost less time than it takes to- tell it. Someone suggested that ten of those around the table rise and answer ten questions on Oregon's resources, Port land scenic values, routes of travel, accommodations and matters of nec essary interest to tourists. The ten arose willingly enough, but not one answered satisfactorily the one ques tion put to him, or was able to give the advice sought by the questioner who assumed the role of tourist. One could not tell how to reach Crater Lake. Another could tell noth ing in detail of historical places to visit. Still another knew only in a general way of the grand mountains towering over the city. How best to observe the operation of some industry logging, for Instance peculiar to the Northwest, could not be explained by the one asked, and others left the questioner in doubt as to routes of pleasant travel; accommodations, popu lation, names of historical pioneers, steamer traffic and other things about which the most casual tourist would be sure to ask. Portland recently executed a force ful publicity enterprise in the Letter Writing week. We asked our friends to come. Now, are we personally equipped, each one of us, to make the visit interesting when they arnve? Perhaps a week of self-study would be a good thing. Undoubtedly, It would be an excellent idea for other semi-civic clubs at their luncheons to have a question box and conduct self- examinations similar to that which floored the Ad Club members. The lack of intimate knowledge of what Oregon has for tourists is not confined to members of the Ad Club. We doubt if the average business man or any other is sufficiently in formed to entertain tourists; to make them feel that we had set our house in order for them. We single out the plight of the Ad Club members, not to criticise, but to bring home a fuller realization of the duty to city, state and section that begins when the Spring travel starts. BUILDING Vr THE DAIRY BUSINESS. The Northern Pacific Railway Com pany is making strenuous efforts to build up" the dairy business along its lines, which reach from the Great. Lakes west to the Pacfflc Coast, and includes 8700 miles of track. The officials of the company are wise enough to understand that in the territory served by them the first essential of profitable business for the road is to make their patrons pros perous, for It stands to reason that these patrons must have money be fore they can turn it Into the coffers of the company for freight, passenger or express service, which are the only things the road has to sell. These officials also know that there are no communities more prosperous than those depending upon the dairy cow as their mainstay, whifh means of course the other things that must follow the cow, such as hogs and poul try. It is plain to these astute indi viduals likewise that much of their territory is admirably fitted for the dairy business, especially that adja cent to the lines in Washington and Oregon. In their general plans for develop ment the officials employ experts to teach the landowners not only how to start in the dairy business but how to make it profitable to themselves and their communities, the first great es sential being to keep only such cows as pay a profit. These experts show that it costs the average dairyman about $60 to keep a cow for a year, and that practically 50 per cent of the cows of the country as a whole do not "pay their board," that Is, do not pro duce milk enough to return to their owners the cost of their feed. The Northern Pacific has just fin ished one of these campaigns. It covered a large territory in South western Washington, where about twenty meetings were held. Although weather conditions were bad, these meetings were attended by nearly 2000 people, most of whom were farmers. Professor D. E. Willard, commonly called "Farmer Willard," one of the development agents of the company, and Mr. C. E. Arney, their Western immigration and industrial agent, were in charge of the campaign, and Professor J. M. Price, of the Pullman Agricultural College extension de partment, was one of the principal pany were along to assist in the gen eral management of the trip. Professors Willard and Price are experts in details of animal hus bandry and particularly such as are related to the dairy cow. Their lec tures therefore must have been so convincing that there Is almost certal to toe a great uplift in the dairy busi ness in the territory covered by the trip. It is certain that there will be great fatality among the scrub bulls of that same territory and a quick advance in the grade of cows. It is also safe to say that there will also be a great increase in' the amount of corn grown in Southwestern Washing. ton, for Professors Willard and Price impressed the fact that there is nothing grown that can take the place of corn in the dairy business. The Northern, Pacific officials in tend to keep up their campaigns of education along these lines and they are thereby doing a splendid work for themselves, their patrons and the en tire Northwest. There is a irreat deal of talk about refusal of the Senate to confirm the nomination of Brandeis. But the appointment was for po litical purposes and the Democrats have a sare majority in the upper house, ine oe ate will stall for a while, but in the end it will do as it is told. Eugene Register. Probably it is the first time in the memory of men living when an ap pointment to the Supreme Bench has been made by a President for distinct ly political purposes. In all the cate gory of offenses with which Roose velt was accused, trifling with the fau preme Court by doubtful appointments was not to be found. President Taft was conspicuously careful in his selec tions. The split between Cleveland and Tammany over the Hornblower and Peckham appointments is his toric. A Democratic President now has acted with a clear reference to politics in a non-political matter, and a .Democratic senate win Bta.ua uy him. Difference of opinion 'between naval officers as to whether the United States should build large or small submarines emphasizes the need of a Council of National Defense which will settle those questions. Such body was promised by the Democratic platform of 1912, but that promise has gone the way of many other Dem ocratic promises. fin ftr as la now known not a single arrest was made In Linn county aunng me muma of January for drunkenness. Lebanon cri terion. We hope an assumption that nobody in Linn County was drunk during January Is correct. Then we should have no lingering doubt about the complete efficiency of the prohibition law. It all depends on training. In Chi cago, where they burn oil, gas and coal, man is a stranger to the wood pile, and that Is the reason, no doubt. that a Chicago man visiting at Ridge field cut his foot with the ax when he tackled the job. If divorced people who fight for possession of a child would realize what the child will get when he ac quires a third "parent," they would patch up their troubles and give their offspring a chance in the world. When the Chicago police shall have rounded up all the anarchists and the steward of the University Club kitchen shall have "saved his face" for the dirty soup kettle, more than likely the chef will emerge. The 800 quarts of nitro-glycerine that blew up in a Cleveland suburb yesterday made a crack in the atmos phere and the wonder is that but one man was killed. That one man in Gresham received a shipment of "booze" puts a number of good men under suspicion. If there were two, others could dodge the, glory. Portland will rejoice if Count von Holstein-Rathlou and his wife should be prevented from opening a new chapter of their adventures In this city. Declaration that it Is impossible to take the alcohol from cider by run ning it through a cream separator is a knock to the implement trade. After nine months' search, Presi dent Wilson has found the missing word, but it cannot bring the Lusl tania's dead back to life. Anarchist poison plots and bomb explosions show need of restriction on the sale of chemicals, explosives and their ingredients. A man can learn properly how to torment his wife by reading the al leged causes in the suits filed for de crees of divorce. Baron Astor sat in the House of Lords yesterday, but the peers made the agony brief by a session of only twenty minutes. Employes of a city department who ubmit to a phalanx that none may be discharged show a proper spirit of brotherhood. Possibly the bridegroom's furlough was short, for the White House laun dress who. eloped Saturday is back at the tubs. Sale of, 50,000,000 feet of yellow fir timber at $1 a thousand was an ordinary Oregon transaction yester day. It would be a pity if peace were to come with one fell swoop before the Lusitanla incident is settled. Canadian patriotism is at such fe- er heat that it demands the Union Jack constantly in evidence. There is a feel of Spring In the air and who will be the first to wear the ice-cream" suit? Good laws well administered should prevent such tragedies as " that of Bessie Holladay. There are no kinks In the klnkajou just added to the Washington Park zoo. The American Clubhouse in Toron to is included in the danger zone. The popcorner's horse will enjoy moving on, if his owner does not. Look for a demonstration if the German fleet has a new head. Talking about rare days, maTk one for yesterday. There la' ao answer to Root' How to Keep Well By Dr. W. A. Evans. ' Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention of disease, if matters of gen eral interest, will be answered in this col umn. where space will not permit or the subject is not suitable, letters will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped, addressed n velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis or prescribe for individual dis eases. Requests for such service cannot be answered, (Copyright, 101B. by Dr. W. A. Evans. Published ty arrangement with Chicago Tribune.) Use Fans In Winter. FANS are necessary for comfort, well being, and efficiency in the Winter. In the first place, they are needed to distribute the heat in a room. Without fans large rooms are uncomfortable on cold days. The terri tory near the radiators is too hot. That next the windows, doors and the walls on the wind side of the house arej too cold. The space next the ceiling is too hot, and In crowded offices and stores it is now the custom to double deck some part of the room. The floor and the space near it are too cold. Fan properly placed will warm up the cold areas and cool off those that are over heated. . It has been found that the principal. and certainly the easiest proven, causes of 111 effect from bad air are due to the condition of air. Either the temperature is wrong, the humidity I wrong, or the air movement Is wrong. If air Is too hot or too cold, those wh breathe It are Inconvenienced or in capacitated. If air is too wet or too dry it is harmful. There are any number of observa tions similar to the following by Lee, quoted by Sewall in tho Interstate Medical Journal: If a person is kept i a room where the air has a tempera ture of 81.4 and a humidity of 89 his temperature will rise to one degree above normal. A man feels fit whe in a room where the temperature i 69 and the humidity 54, and the air is kept in motion by fans or other wise. Any condition of the air which gives a man fever is an extreme con dition. Workers would not tolerat such conditions for even a brief spell Drs. Winslow and Palmer of th New York Commission held a group o en under conditions very much more like ordinary office conditions. Thel experiment was continued for a con siderable time. They found that the men could do as much physical o mental work as men under good con ditions of ventilation. They could do it. but they were not inclined to do it. What bad air took from them was the inclination to work. It also robbed them of some inclination to eat. In other words, it took the edge from their appetite for work and also for food. This strikes me as being a very sen sible conclusion. I am sure that thou sands of clerks, stenographers and of fice managers will say that Winslow and Palmer have come to about the same conclusion. All of the invest! gators since Leonard Hill have come to the conclusion that still air is harm ful; that in order to have comfort, well being and health It Is necessary that the air around us be kept in motion Of course, this can be overdone. Air that is moving- too violently blows from around the body the heat that is necessary for comfort. Therefore, keep the fans going In cold weather, but in our xeal in the use of fans we must not forget the need to let some fresh air into the room. No poisonous substance has been found in expired air, but that does not prove that there is none there. For that matter the proof that any one in gredient of any of the excretions poisonous is not good, but that does not caise us to protect our water sup plies against human excretions. Books on Pyorrhea. E. R. B. writes: "What books shall read for full information on pyor rhea? Is It transmissible through kiss ing?" REPLY. Pyorrhea Is an inflection of the gums. We do not know very much about how it is transmitted. The mouth secretions can be made sterile by the use of an Ipecac mouth wash or some other. Read Bass & John's on pyorrhea or "Marshall's Mouth Hygiene Tho medical library and possibly the public library have these books. Cure for Tobnceo. B. H." writes: "Will you please pub lish the cure for tobacco?" REPLY. Local treatment Chew up and swallow one five-grain zinc eulpho-carbolate tablet plain) each time before smoking. After the first few days use half a tablet instead of whote one. Can smoke as often as you wish. Internal treatment Take one five-grain quinine pill before meals, reducing the dose to two grains as soon as the tobacco craving passes away. Continue this for a week and discontinue Ui-3 treatment, but resume the same for a few days any time there is tendency to relapse. Diet Eat good, nutritious food three times daily and take a lunch midway between meals if hungry. Tak-e plenty of active out door -exercise (in work or recreation) daily to divert the mind as well as Improve the health. Be very regular in habits of lue. Tobacco chewers may use in addition to the quinine treatment, eomo chewing gum to which a small amount of gentian root has been added. The patient should, as far possible, avoid places and associations where tobacco is used until the cure, is well established. Better Than Enemas. J. W. A. writes: T am H years old. For years I have suffered with con- tipatlon and insomnia, I am compelled to take an enema every night in order to sleep. Recently I have Used castor oil. I take cold at the slightest ex posure to draft or low temperature. Cold attacks the larnyx and bronchials. After the first attack I am unable to avoid taking more cold, though I hardly know how. Has this condition any connection with the enemas?" REPLY. I think it has to do with your constipa tion. Can you not get relief from mineral. or agar, or eating bran, fruits, vegetables. dates or raisins? Either is - better than the aily use of enemas. A man of 74 should be willing to go to lots of trouble to d-a crease his susceptibility to colds, for colds in old people are very dangerous. City Official of Portland. PORTLAND. Feb. 15. (To the Edi tor.) Will you kindly publish the names of the city officials of Portland and the heads of all the public de partments? G. L. A. There are live departments in the city service with a member of the City Council in charge of each. They are: Mayor H. R. Albee, department of safety; George L. Baker,' department of public affairs; Robert G. Dieck, depart ment of public works; Will H. Daly, department of public utilities; C. A. Bigelow, department of finance. The other principal officals are: City Audi tor, A. L. Barbur; City Attorney. W. P. LaRoche; City Health Officer, M. B. Marcellus; City Treasurer, William Adams; Municipal Judge, Arthur Lang guth; Chief of Police. John Clark; Fire Chief, B. F. Do well; Purchasing Agent, J. R. Wood; Water Superintendent, 1 S. Kaiser: Street Cleaning Superin tendent, Alex Donaldson; Building In spector, Horace E. Plummer. Slogan Inspires Poets. PORTLAND, Feb. IS. (To the Ed itor.) I have been much interested In the comments appearing in The Ore gonlan on the inspired line of Mrs. Smith's, to be used as the slogan for the coming Rose Festival. May I add a line or two In appreciation? "For you a rose in Portland grows," For you it blooms, for you it glows; Its beauty fair and fragrance rare A welcome sends just everywhere. OPES SESAME TO HALL OK FAME Everlasting: Distinction Due Anyone Who Answers Correctly All These, The Oregonian reprints herewith a list of Questions and brain tests coin piled or appropriated, by tho Eugene Guard, and compliments tnai publica tion for its thorough sagacity in this nartiiMilar hv addinc that anyone who answers all the Questions correctly, without recourse to texts, and meets the tests without failing, has our un divided support as a candidate for the Hall of Fame. Read these questions at the famfly dinner table tonight, and see how they are answered. It is not exactly a school teacher's list, but it was sug gested by a school teacher's list: Name the nations now at war. What is the name of the presont Podc. of the Czar, of the Kaiser, of tho Governor of your state, of your Congressman and of your Senator? When did the buffalo nickel come Into use? What are derby hats made of? Name four materials uBed In making an ordinary loaf of bread. How should you bind up a severed artjry; a severed vein.' Name four flowers that grow wild in your neighborhood. Tell soinethinc: about these persons Shackleton. Brand Whitlock. Sir Ed ward Grey, Ruben Dario, Maeterlinck, Shaw, Burbank, Kreisler. Laurior, Rostand, Krupo. What is the foot-and-mouth disease; the hookworm, the coma bacillus. With what author do you associate these names: Ulysses, Portia, Chris tian, Jean Valjean, Mr. Micawber, Don Juan, Arthur Dimmcsdale. Hypati Beatrice? Locate tho Parthenon, the Taj Mahal, the Vatican, St. Mark's, the Ityku Museum, Fujiyama, Orizaba, Mukden, Rhcims, St. Lazare, Chapultepec, Nome. With whom do you associate these sayings: "Keep your .powder dry," "innocuous desuetude?' "watchful waitinGr." "the eternal feminine," "far from the madding crowd," "the Star Spangled Banner," "distance lends en chantment," "monarch of all I survey," "my kingdom for a horse"? What do these phrases mean: Whlto elophant, contraband of war, local option, hit the trail, rendezvous, quid pro quo, ex-dividend, whole-hotsu. lifer, recidivist, 1 should worry, non sequitur. Arrange in the order in which they lived: Washington. Charlemagne, Caesar, Lincoln, Elijah, Bismark, Abra ham, Luther, Rafael, Socrates, Kant, Plato. Why does an apple fall, a stick float, a bomb explode and a fountain play? Utter 20 words, with moderato speed, one after the other, without repeating or hesitating any English words. Close your eyes and without previous preparation, name 20 objects in the room you are in. We say a "flock" of birds; of what would ycu use the terms, bevy, herd, group, company, crowd, batch, lot, heap, collection, congregation, horde. crew, gang, band, squad, swarm, school, thoal, covey, drove, galaxy, cluster, set. pack, bunch, assortment, sheaf, shock, mass? What do we know, anyway. Maybe we ought to go to school with the children. DEVELOPMENT IS PKOII1HITED Seattle Chamber Denounces Ferris Bill as Tyinir Up Water Power. The Seattle Chamber of Commerce has adopted the following resolution on waterpower legislation, which was prepared by Senator Piles, chairman of the committee on National affairs, and was reported by that conimlteu: Whereas, the development of our unused waterpower la one of the most urgent needs In the promotion and expansion of our agri cultural, commercial and industrial life; and. Whereas, it U useless to hope for any de velopment along lines that will be of ma terial benefit to the state unless a law wmi respect theivito shall bo enacted upon broad and liberal business principles; and. Whereas, the so-called Kerns bill is so un reasonable and so restrictive and druutlo In Its provisions as to mean practical prohi bition of such development; and. V hareas, there Is neither reason nor foun dation for the claim that there Is necessity for such legislation In order to prevent mo. nopoly or insure reasonable rates and ade quate service, since under thsi law of this state and of every other state where the con stitution does not prohibit It, tho Legis latures of the respective states have the un doubted power to authorize the states or ny municfpality thereof to acquire pri vately-owned waterpower plants and sites under the states' power of eminent domain. and monopoly Im. therefore, impossible, and the rates and service are reguiateu anu con trolled by the Public Service Commission; and. Wheneas, every state in this union except the nubile land states has fneely and dight- fully enjoyed the privilege of controlling anil regulating the use and development of its waters for all purposes exocpt that ot navi iratlon: and. Whereas, if the Government of the United States is to take from the public lands stales the right which all the other states have freely enjoyed in making their prugress ami development, Congress ought not In any event to go so far as to enact the aforesaid bill or anv bill which will in practical of feet prohibit water-power development, and as a necessary consequence longer retard tho growth and progress of the Western Resolved, That this chamber, w-hile pro testing against the public lands states be ne deprived of their rights respecting the use and development of their flowing wa ters, is unalterably opposed to the so-calleo Ferris bill, and to the principle embodied therein: and that If this state. In common with the other public lands states. Is to bo. temporarily at least, deprived of its rights. we urge upon our representatives in con press th3 necessity of seeing that such leg lslation be passed as will Induce and not longer practically prohibit the development of water-power In the western states. Questions of History-. PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To the Edl tor.) Will you kindly answer through The Oregonian? 1. When was Lawrence, Ken. sacked ? In what year was the famine In Ireland? 3. In what year was the Chartist rebellion in Condon led by Feargus O'Connor? 4. Where did the first Duke of Wellington die? Dr. Talmadge said in a lecture to us In Ann Arbor, Mich., he died in London. Did he not die In Walmer castle, in Kent, where he was master of the Cinque Ports? W. P. BAILLIE. 1. Lawrence, Kan., was occupied by the pro-slavery .forces in November and December, 1855. It was occupied and partly destroyed May 21, 1856, and was almost totally destroyed by Con federate raiders on August 21, 1863. 2. Feargus O'Connor carried on Chartist propaganda in a publication known as ' the Northern Star. The crest of the movement was reached in Newport in November, 1839, when an outbreak resulted in the death of ten persons. 3. The Duke of Wellington died at Walmer Castle, Kent, September 22, 1852. 4. The famine in Ireland occurred in the Winter of 1846-47. Yes. PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To the Edi tor.) A girl coming from Uermany at the age of 19 marries a man oi tne same birth and in this country, ana rears and educates a family of seven hildren. Her present ago Is b9. hlie had taken out her first citizenship papers but lost them In the Missouri River flood of 1881. 13 tins woman compelled to take out her second papers before she is entitled to vote in Oregon, after living in the state 34 .years: sucsLitiocit. Persistence and a Dentist. Life. Persistent Be sure and get the right tooth, doctor. "Don't worry. I'll get it if I have to pull out every, tooth. In your beadj't t. . In Other Days Twenty-five Iran As". Krom Tha Oretunlan l-'cbruury 17. 1SIU. London, Feb. IS. In the lloun of Commons today Mot ley moved to adopt a vote censuring tho Irish exeeuUvo committee for its action In the Tippor ary prosecutions. lie referred to tho incarceration of O Urien and Dillon in prison. Salem, Or., Feb. 16. The Multnomah Senators have reported back tho Port land consolidation bill, which passed with that terrible rider creating a City Hall commission. Tho rider It Is expected will kill it. A capacity audience filled tho Mar quam Grand Theater last niht to wul come the first appearanco In l'ortland of Lotta, the "perennial boubretle," lti her play of "Musette." Dr. T. C. Humphrey, who has been at Bellevue Hospital, New Xorlt. the last six months, will arrlvo with his family today. He will bring tho body of the youngest daughter. The. extensive work of sawinir out and fashioning tho stone which will bo used in the new building for The Oro gouian at Sixth and Alder streets has been started. While Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Hendrlck- son, of Albany, were at church Sunday morning a buiurlar entered their home and took a suit of Mr. llendrlckson's clothes, some silk hundkcrclilcf a and (3 in money. Inspector Collingwood yesterday started for England with William Stu art Crook, tho alleged forger, requisi tion papers having been received and executed by British Vice-Consul J area Laidlu w. IlHlf Century Alio. Krom Tho OreLonlun February 17. lSiirt. Tho Oregon Statesman urges the Union men to get together and combat tho influence which the. Democracy (.1 likely to have through tho "clubs" which aro proposed by the members or that party. Inasmuch ns this la a fac tor in our political life well worthy of notice, wo concur in the Statesman's proposal. In Oregon the number ot Copperheads has been small hereto fore, but the number is growing as the result of it beinu nmdc too wurm for them in Bomo of tho other states and they aro flocking to our confines. Tliero aro many societies of the Democrats all working to put down Lincoln's Admin istration and among these are such as the "Old Guard," the "Knights of tho Golden Circle'' and "Sons of Liberty." Messrs. Waud and Mooro aro open ing a coal bank about two miles south of Eugeno City. Ariincton Heights still remains In possession of the Government, but Mrs. Robert E. Lee asserts she Intends to return there even it she bus to live In tho black nuurteis. Twelvo thousand Union soldiers hav been buried on lis soil. The new Portland directory shows tho population has increused from -017 in 1S60 to 6068 in 18t5. On Tuesday nlsht the old Hudson' Raw Coninunv building at ! ort Van couver, occupied as a Government barn was burned. At the meeting of the Union Stato Central Committee lit Salem Kebruiiry 15. it was decided that tho apportion ment be so inariii as to entitle cacn county one (lelegalelo the slate con vention for every 75 Union voters and an ailclliumiil iii-hhuib tor nu-- linnui no or larger proportion or to. provided each counly shHil be entitled to ut least one delegate. lnlm Nation, suneiintenilenr of thn Willamette Iron Works, advertises that he company will iiiamUuct ure an Kinas of machinery, boilers, etc. ratierna will be made to order by l'tler lujior. LAYMAN'S HEMAHK "AS TOMSKER." Fred II. Fisher's Statement to Mnrr- tiia- In India tlufktloncil. PORTLAND, Feb. 16. (To the Ed itor.) At a session r the luymens missionary convention Fred B. Fisher made a statement to the eflect inai fifty million natives of India went n hfl half-starved." Tho Gentleman s sccrt'tarv of the Methodist Missions Society and ought to have some foun dation for a statement that certainly appears to be extravagant. With a lopulation of about ouu.uou.ug", iw means that one person In seven is on I he vertre of starvation. Unless Mr. Fisher lias census figure relating to pauperism in India one is justified In plHi-Inc; his ussertlous Hiuong th "astonijihers" that are too apt to flguro in missionary meetings. Having spent a part of my lifo in India I am In a position to declare that there Is no greater proportion of absolute destitute or sturvlng people in that country than in this. As in this land of peace and plenty, with banks bulging wilh gold, thcrn are hundreds of thousands of people who are " on the raSKed ede," the borderland between mealtime anil hungertime. so It Is in India. Thorn the class distinction (caste), makes tlxi difference between the rich, the well off end tho absolutely poor and starv ing sharply defined, much inoro so than in n more civilized land. In thinking of India people often ussumo that it is one country under one gov ernment, whose people peak one language This is. of course, not tho case. With un area of neary 2.000,1)00 square niles (two-thirds Die area of Europe), Hindustan has more coun tries, larguages, rulers and religions than Europe, of course, tho reverend gentleman may know his India well, and having be -n there more recently than 1 may speak us one having au thority. Hut the point I wish to make Is: Where did he get his figures? Did he use the figures "50.0O0.0uo" to con vev an impression. r as a statistical fact? JAMES IRVING CRABBE. 635 Linn Avenue. .No .Militia In Eontern Oregon. PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To the Edi tor.) If the National Cuard Associa tion bill for Federalization of the state troops passes, tho maximum number ot troops will be 500 for each Congres sional district, or a total peace strength of 200,000. This is un Increase of 70, 000 over the present strength of the National Cuard. Kiistern Oregon, the Second Congres sional District, including 16 counties, had a population of 142. S70 in 1910 census. It has no state troops. This district has six towns much larger than W'oodhurn, which has a good com pany. So let preparedness s,tart in those towns. If each will raise a militia company, Oregon will do her share. A JNULl 11AJ1A.H. Thursday. PORTLAND, Feb? 1G. -(To the Ed itor.) Please state the day of the week February 11, 1892, fell on. A RKAPKR. Hitting Only BulUeyes When a manufacturer uses the daily newspaper for his advertis ing he cuts out the scenery and aims only at bullseyes. He hits them nine cases out of ten, because: He brings a definite appeal be fore possible consumers at the right time, and Ho centers this demand at the dealer's counter, and gains the co operation of the latter. The result is sales. Sales, SALES, and still more sales. A