6
Tins MonxTXO OTEoA?!,. srovnAY, Drcmrmnt 27, 1915.
el rmaio. Crs-. rxt"" ee
S a4-.es-. Blf.
tonriiiuat Va:ae taei' la 4
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i . !: a-la-i. eae awot.
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ira.- ere l
inj.. t r-a. wa ot'tii.- a., a----
... miJ as elate.
reeee Imw 11 i la r 1
t i : . ssata
ft ie 4 caoe. I
mu. : 1 J a.
OfTVr T-
' In aaklr.: "Can mKttartarn b i-
rlurl for tho u ct a
. . d.d..x.!l r anubtlraa aautn
that tto tralclnr of i nanboo4
cf a nauon to arm U mUitartam. r
...jt. tha cnrcoM and of tlio toaa
to whleU tbo arm.J fore U pal- Tbo
...nr. of it. ill tar mm ia it f '
. 1 ...lisiiea. Franc a well
r.rmaoy baa eor.acripUon. but. whan
war tsrvtn4. rrJc drow back har
troop a kUomtr from lfs if""""
tu mpbaauinf thtr dfni
lha rroa purpcaa
Eth rraec and PwtUrUn4 ar
' twmrlM of oatiora which ba adopt
, I tompuory rlc witbout d-troy-lr
d.mocracT. Cannot tho tnlte4
a. . t.- rfa tlkawta?
Th purpo of oar pabllo tchooU
t. to Kjulp lb rounc for their du:y a
iha nam men of Ihe
an wot fa!!y iulppd for thai
July nntaa tby ha bfO trained to
f.r.nj tbtr cooctry aa wu aa 10 oo
rtr part In Urn of pac. Coropul
ry rrtc would tak youn men In
r.and al tb a whi they too oftn
tm boUtaroaa corner loaier ana
. .,i.4 fh.m ductplln. To thU
t RpubUco tct:
awtt at uany.
R.f.rrtnt to tb r4!fJ traeaforrn
. .tl.li raffisallorT arrlc h
tnaJ In tb 3rmn p"Pl. for which
to gnrat.n uru..l. th K-pub-1
-an quut tr. Hrmnd aa iTl"f:
1, .f i-Jr i " 7:
lftllNiaa t4.J""av ! '
a.., . . rr-to.. 'J-
.!. an.!'' amartaaaa.
If aubordlaaUon of th Mher to
t Iaar T?rtae b tbo cooaaouoneo
f compuory aarrtc. wbhrh th Ra-j.6:k-aa
eonfod wrth ra!Mtmrttn.
why la) not t rn ro.navjuarc b
rtabl la Tanc. IUrUnd and
-ifraUT riaH-aA th dm-r:lc
ciu-trU rraa.l h almad onry to
aaaiat t." aarcl of th fclher rtr
ti bv aupptrlfc na-w maar.a thar-
f-r.
Tba I:apa6t!caa alao aar:
f- an itanata ! f" a
f -fV-a .(
t at :
f naf .iiarl.'
I fif Li. A
ai
aro.iitA ha t
I laa araaa. af
trvna ataf4a. Tfeatr
tn A rm-rt'-aa P " P - aa
... cai a "a ama II f T
lo I nt
(i-;.aa a( c-aak
ar arala l cnf.aloa of th do
fraia purpoa of French ant ?Ua
rrrar-ln. with th acaT"i Pr
l.a ef ml'tttrtarn. Th Amr.an
raepte ar rttl'.rt nouh lo ret-o.
t -it t!a dtatinctlon and to a.t
"ranr an,) jiwttjarUnd ha actea. ir
thy wait till "th lrn preur of
n'a impoaae uch a chan rrom th
u;.i.la" thywi:i b too Ut. for
urli mo w!ft!y In mdrn war
and git an nnprprd Ballon no Urn
to grl T'tT
or lconriTtT ciirraHixT
rreaHent Wl'jen aatd In a recent
p?ach that "th only leatumai -o-Jt:t
of rrnltlon la f :i.tani-y. It
ran ler b Ufl'imat who 11 U ln
tan1d fnr hoat.i compat'.tl'O Pr-
twim.- Th FraJt lent aubordlnate
re accn-aed by th New Tork Tlaica of
nikinr war on efr.ilarcr when they
attack eombtntion a loUU of th
eetl-tru-at law for no other reason man
fvrvtiiaaaioa vt power to do barm, no
mattar whether th act. of the coro
Mnation ar barmfal or L Presi
dent Taft atatej a aoond ptinclpl on
thU aubjact when h ld that, when
th fiecerr result of combination
at 1a monotory power It waa fair to
preaurn th purpoa "vt combtnln
1 b th poaa Ion and eiercLa of
that pwr.
A reruUtory bdy tntfM bo t mated
to i!l.t-rtm!na! btwa acta of a com
tnrion banerU Ul and harmful to th
public If It were Itself erfVtcnt. Tb
eCrum-nt arcuanenU ajilrat furthe
eitenaion af oernmer.t ruUtlin i
tiuainee ta th notorlou Inertlclenry
f th emmenl Itaelf. Samuel O.
)ur.B. e.Jltor of lb Railway Ac Ga
ted, etate.j thla mmnl briefly In
, ravaet aJJreaa bef 'r tha TTanpr
tatlon Club, of Leoularllta. Ky. Inea
t'str.g rommtaloha ha crtucld
th worklnr of th tfepartTnenta at
VVeahlna-ton a "entramely onbuiineeav
J;ke. Th tfi lumplt t th Toet
fflc IpMTtient. A cmm!tt of
eprt la It reported 111 -pctfic
l".l def.-ta." bat no Improeement ba
raen ma.i. Th tnl commute on
ralTway mall par crtt!ri4 th de
partment for Inability l fumtah at
1'at:r racrJlrc V- operation end for
trytcr tt ret ice railway mall par b
1W a raa.aeaabt baaia. but no more
Inf rmatton baa bacom available, and
th dapartmant tV.11 preaee th Hull
Ti:wy malt pay br.U Another con
arraestna cemmiailoa baa ronJamned
tie ar.tir admlr.t9tra.tloo of th par
eel poat.
In th rru!-t:oa of boalneaa e
per'a ar appotrtej en coram leal .in a.
r th operation of th taw la an.
n led ad alow. Tor mnp!. In rr I-tati.-n
of rat'rovt rata a!n-a ar
mad eery reluctantly and with far
Nea prompmea than reduction,
tsoaf h chare- la either direction
eheuM protnpey follow char fa la
roeernln coni!!.. ti-a I'Clela-
Itrs ts p asse l for poM'Is-al purp--e I
by man who accuse bair.c men c I
.'l.hoeetr.
tv-os"l liiair n action Is !
ntlAi:v
d!i.KXi.t Vnltk Oar-i
ner. lb l"nltei tate fculata
u:naas daef-Tietlvety. not eo-istruc
t:vrr. tt f"tHt tsea to do things tt
afeem hurtful but do- nnt encourage
er help than to do other thisgs which
: dam belpfut
fieftir th Government ran be
truefv! el'S any f jrthaf roefrl over
bualnaa er w"h rr ai'i'!nl fun
M-ii:i . - '. wa-Kiaaiia.
tri oaifk ta a.i:itart . "
tljcs. ta aif Hiawiu-i aaviali Lit44 aU NaviaUoa Ccu.ajr, whichl
completely overhauled br body of
tho vary buataee trans whom th
orator In Congress dtnounrt. Who
th C.ov.rr.menl itaalf hu bcom ef
ficient. It will Ix la position to pro
mot th rricuocr of prtvat bui
nrae. Th npper bat harped on
this ubjvt l! vain for ) tars, but bow
that direct taxes promts to becoro
prmnct. th peopl may awaken to
;te Importance and may compel action.
Thy will wish to know thr vry
dollar go and what they (l for It.
rn th iuppoaitlon that E. Alexan
der Powell, who new Whitman myth
waa d!acuaa4 by Add'.Kin Bennett In
th Sunday Orecoclan. raited Walla
Walla bfor.h wrot hla mafasln
rt!c:r It may b aaaumed that b la
devoted to two fairly general custom.
On a that of avoiding burial rroonda
or.Ieas tn1 friends or reiaUTa r
poji ther: lb other that of erecting
th moat conspicuous memorials
where th fewest persons ar likely
to e them.
Mr. Powell was In error when he
stated that Whitman' rrae I desig
nated only by a hea.Iaton surrounded
by a picket fence. Tet th tall raajbl
haft that doe la fact mark hi rest
ID( ptac would still b th most In
Unincatt of three monument to his
memoir wer It ten time as maaatr
or t la bo rata, whitman' memory I
prrrd by a vim. Important Inj U
tutloa of learning and by a prosperous
county which beara his cam.
It ha been saJd that "monument
themselv memorials need." It Is
tru of brons statu and marble
mausoUums. but not of Institutions
for practical human betterment that
honor name and achlvrementa. Wer
th fact otherwise, men whoso cbef
claim to faoi L riches would leave
fer endowment and more money
for obellaks and pyramids.
Hut Whitman Colleg Is cot en
dowed with Whitman money. II had
nun to gtva. It la endowed with his
name, th spirit of hi career and all
that they Imply. A better, trior ap
preciative memorial this than any
graveard ornament. It existence,
th perpetuation of hi nam by
Whitman County, th story of his
servtc to tb Northwest contained la
every Oregon and Washington history
would b significant commentary
upon th writings of on who convict
th Northwest of Indifference toward
Marcus Whitman, even wer It tru
that hi grave remained unmarked.
At AM DIT-A5E.
Tb fancy that disease rosy be air-
born has been fairly wall shaken
from th popular mind, according to
th Journal of th American Medical
Association, which give a th reason
better understanding of th role
cf micro-organism In th transmis
sion of disease. Tim was when every
person with timidity In his nature
feared the very air. rrovldcd any
transmissible disease wer In th lo
cality. Th evHence agtlnst the at
mospbere seemed fairly conclusive, a
man living in th neighborhood of
typhoid fever contracted that afflic
tion without coming In d'rect contact
with th disease, without so much as
coming within gunshot of th victim.
Residents caught malaria from dis
tant swamps without ever approach'
teg the awamp. while other serious
disease wr transported on th
wings of th wind, as It seemed. Tet
It was found en cloaer Investigation
that th agency of transmission was
cot th air. but pestiferous Insects.
r.lca rimed disease germ on their
tiny bodies. Notwithstanding this dis
covery, whk-h baa saved thousands of
live, the popular mind was slow In
!Lmi.!rc all suspicion of "night air
and pnltuied air. It Is not uncommon
loUajr. though mor so than In th
past, fir som cautious pedestrian to
ho!j bis breath In pa-wing a house
wber a disease flag Is displayed. Tet
pn-mlbly th same Individual would
feel po special danger In tb proximity
of an Ireert which bad arrived tn tb
dlrlng-room from parts unknown.
Air is nt without Its danger, how
ever, fvr th bacteria count runs high
In onvsntllated places wher there ar
larg awembMe. Ther la a danger,
too. from th suspended particles
thrown Into th air by fits of cough
ing or sneezing. Avoid the person who
snecxes or couch In a room or con
fined ptac without covering hi
mouth and noatrils. Fuch persons, tn
addition to being exceedingly III bred,
ar a mer.ar to public health In th
belief of minT competent autborttlee.
tuts taklma roorrwT.
Now that a determined effort Is to
b mad by th business men of Port
land to get In closer touch with th
Taklma country'.' It may bo of Interest
to ehow hovr thai portion of Washing
ton Is progressing, leaving fruit sta
tistics out of consideration.
In respect to corn, th entlr Tak
lma Valley, from Kennewlck to Cle
Elvtm lnclusl. had planted fir years
ago about to acres, which averaged
perhaps J bushets to th acre: this
season ther wer about It.OO acres
with an average ytelt around 10 bush
els to th acre, a total well up toward
a million bushets.
fnJer th Fannysld Canal alone
ther was a corn area this year of
lis J acre, with an averag ylet cf
bushel to th acre, a total of 110
::; bushels. In lll th yield per
acr la that district was ( bushels
per acre, tn 11 it was SI S. and this
year, as shown above, an tncreas of
l. buahets over that.
Of course th development of tb
rrn tni!utry haa decreased th al-f-l'
crop matrialty. Th area la al
falfa waa ::.40 acres 111 and
:i.llt this soaaon. It should b r
membrd that th alfalfa grown
ther I principally shipped away,
whll th corn la In greater part fed
at horn. It takes only an Instant's
glance to se which Is th best crop
for th good of th country.
Five year ago ther wer about a
4sn tie In thafc valley: now there
are f ". and more than a majority M
ihent were erected thl year. That.
cf foarw. mean more dairy co-era. but
hv not th figures at hand to
give in present cumor or in in
crease over former year. Tb tarn is
I tru Of hoga. sheep and beef cattle,
tt la sur that ther is practically a
train lad cf fccg shipped oat now
whr there was a carload flv years
ago- potato ar grown eitenarvely
la tt Taklma country, but th area
Is oc'y h-t.!!ng its own. Th turn Is
tru of or hards. Ko tt will ba aeo
that practically H of th nearly de-
vc ;-" 1 land Is devoted lo grccral
farmlr.r
The figure rtvn ar from report
mad by special rpreantative of
th Northern Pacific Railway and ar
ballava.) to be as near exact as can
b gathered: they practically agree
Ith thoa t.buUt. by rapreaenla-
t'Ta of tre "f-c n-" asMrgl n lull-
parallels th Northern Pacific from
Kencewlrk to North Taklma.
great deal of development of th
taklma country in th direction of
general farming rn or corn, more
cows, mor hogs Is du to th lib
eral educational policies of thoa two
railway srstem'.
the wr.trT Trr or candidate.
When the upport of Colonel Roose
velt for the Republican ticket can be
gained by th nomination of such a
man as JuiUc Hughes, ex-Governor
Had lay or ex-Secretary of Stat Knox,
there should b no difficulty about
complying with his terms. Not that
th party should nominal any par
tlcular typ of man with a view to
gaining tb support of any Individual,
no matter how Influential, but that th
course which the Colonel suggests Is
the right oc to pursue In any event-
There la an evident disposition
among old-line Republicans in the
Bast to favor certain candidates with.
out regard to th attitude of th Colo
ncl and hi recent following. Th
mention of ex-Senator Root, and even
of Senator Penrose, seems like a de
fiance of the Colonel which he could
not fail to meet with open hostilities.
Senator Weeks might be regarded In
tb same light. Th nomination of
such a man would arouse antagonism
throughout the West and axrfong the
advanced Republican of th East, a
well as among th third party men.
A man such as Colonel Roosevelt men
tion would b saf from th stand
point of all In tb East except those
extreme reactionaries whom It is hope
less to consider, and he would receive
the united support of the West. There
are other men available. of the earn
typ as those mentioned by Colonel
Roosevelt who would doubtless have
a united party behind them and would
have the Colonel' Indorsement.
In the coming campaign especially
the Republican party cannot afford to
make a mistake. Apart from the
necessity of choosing a man who will
reunite the party, the convention must
choose the man upon whom probably
win devolve the task of shaping our
foreign relation and readjusting our
foreign commerce after the war; also
the task of completing the programme
or National defense which can only
begin under the present Administra
tion. Upon th course of th next
administration will depend our place
among nation: and our commercial
future. .
so, DAxxzxa Utauh at last.
Criticism has had a most salutary
effect on Secretary of the Navy Dan
lels, for his construction programme U
th result of recommendations asked
by him from th General Board. His
programme follow those recommen
datlona a to larger ships, but exceeds
them a to aubmaxlnes and reserve
ammunition. The Secretary has been
prompted by criticism not only to seek.
to follow and to publish the advice of
naval experts, but to defend himself
by showing from the records that his
predecessors often did not seek and
never followed or published th Gen
eral Board' recommendation.
Th truth 1 that both parties, when
la control of the Government, have
been remln In providing for defense
of the Nation. Kor many years after
tb Civil ir our executive and legis
lative guide encouraged this Nation
to retir Into Its shell In a military
sens, assuming that, because w had
no desir to trouble other nations, they
woutd not trouble us. Not until twenty
year after the war was the Govern
ment stung Into action by th storm
of satlr on our Navy which the barn.
Ing of the old wooden Tallapoosa pro
voked. Congress would then construct
hips only for coast defense, and only
by Ingenious argument could It be In
duced to authorize seagoing, fighting
ship on th pretense that they were
for coast defense.
The real awakening began with tha
Spanish War, but even then Congress
clung to old habit of thought Not
until th fleet mad th round-the-
world voyage did It member generally-'
form a conception of a navy
which must go out to sea and fight
an enemy, not merely hug th coast
and drive him away. Naval appro
priation wer still fought obstinately
by men who held to old traditions.
some of them through Jealousy that so
much money should b diverted from
uses In which they had a selfish, local
interest.
Mr. Daniel should have awak
ened a year ago last August, when
the war broke out. but he did
not realize the necessity of putting tb
Nation in a thorough state of defense
until friction with several of the bel-
igerer.ta and the prod cf public opin
ion had aroused him. II Is little. If
at all. mor blameworthy than hi Im
mediate predecessors of the opposite
party, and we congratulate him on be
ing the first to follow expert advice
and to propose a continuous-construction
policy to Congress.
rxrr ntxxrii.
General French's reassignment to
command of non-combatant troops In
the United Kingdom is nothing more
than demotion. It Is th polite way
modern war office seem to have
formed of doing away with leaders
who do not get results. Von Buelow,
ho waa viewed as the man of des-
Iny In the first clashes of arms, was
retired In th same tactful manner.
Von Hausen, who led. or misled, the
Saxon army on tho Mame, went by
a similar route, while the great Von
Kluck is now suffering, from some
strange malady which serves to keep
him away from field headquarters.
General French mu-t be set down
as a courageous commander, a skillful
strategist and a competent tactician.
Put so was McClellan when he was
relieved from command of the Army
of th Potomac General McClellan
Is mentioned because his rase appears
to offer something of a parallel. A
certain argressivenea-i was absent Th
vital spark of genius wss missing. He
lacked the peculiar quality of leader
ship that the situation demanded.
After his brilliant retreat from
Mon. General French's star mounted
lo a high point In the military solar
system. Great things were claimed
for that brilliant stratagem which was
worked out and conducted tn the heat
of action and. which operated to pre
vent greater French embarrassments.
The "contemptible little British army,"
as General French's force was desic
cated by the Germans, achle'ved the
seemlngty Impossible. But It has
proved to bo a flash In th pan. Th
promise of great things ha not been
realized.
It Is Impossible, from th meager
details at hand, to present an analysis
of General French's method. But
th larger feature of bis campaign.
or lack of campaigns, stsnd out clear
ly. II ha lacked aggressiveness.
F.ven when engaged In the desperate
offensive of Neuv Chapelle this de
fect was shown. He struck the Ger
man lire with a fearful striking
por, Tk German avxd ui
broke. No more desperate fighting
has marked, th treat war. Brigades
were obliterated by the perfect hell
of conflict that raged over the dis
puted sector in General French' front.
Success waa within reach. Then the
Hrl'.lsh smashing power lost Its vital
Ity. In a vital hour th British were
put back. Ten of thousands had been
sacrificed to no avalL Th British
hinted that Gallic allies had failed to
give them promised support In a crlt
leal moment. From Paris came couh
ter hints that Gallic allies. In fact,
saved General French from a perilous
situation.
But this crimson sacrifice 1 less
vivid In tha popular mind than the
British Inactivity. Th whole British
campaign in Flanders has lacked vital
Ity. At first we were told that the
British had insufficient numbers.
General French was marking time
nntil Kitchener might convert raw
levies Into trained soldiers. A year
lapsed. Millions of men, the dis
patches and War Office reports saia.
were pushed into the theater of opera
tions. Still no action. Munitions
were not sufficient. The new ex
planation was a logical one. Moni
tion Is quite as Important as leader
ship. Perhaps more so in the des
perate typ of trench warfare that has
sprung up in turope, isui in auo
time, when the British munition scar
city had been eliminated, the aame old
dllotoriousnes persisted. What on
earth waa he waiting fori Why didn't
he use those millions of men all fully
equipped and eager for the fray 7
Neuv Chapelt was th on answer
and a tragic and costly experiment It
proved.
Apologist for General French have
said that he waa burdened with an in
competent staff at his great headquar
ters. Stories leaked out of gay and bibu
lous young officers frolicking while
the General tolled over their work.
They were of the high aristocracy and
regarded war as a glorious lark. The
taio will be recalled of the young
Prince of Wales and the Irate French
husband a few months ago. Thlajiear
the General's headquarters. But such
defense Is invalid. If his staff was
not competent the General should
have done away with the staff and
surrounded himself with officers whx
were competent. The plea of Incom
petent help never did fully excuse
anyone from the consequence of mis
deeds and failures.
So now the British must develop a
new leader. The problem of recruit
ment has been met, for the time being
at least. The troops are heavily sup
plied and the munitions problems no
longer threaten the British campaigns.
Leadership that will put these new
sgencles of warfare Into effective op
eration 1 what the War Office 1 seek
ing, and this leadership mar have to
be developed out of long and 'bitter
experience-
In the meantime. Sir John French
can retire, a pathetic figure, to duties
better suited to his peculiar abilities.
He has tasted of the cup of gTeatn'fcs
and sees himself all but seated In the
select circle of the Immortal. Now
the tragic climax of failure, for he
will be set down In history as a fail
ure even though hi career does fur
nish warm debate among the tacti
clan of future generation a In the
case of Ceneral McClellan. Neverthe
less, the tragedy la not one to excite
special sympathy. After all, he has
lost nothing more than his place
among the supermen of Europe. Which
Is a vastly lesser fate than that of
those tens of thousand of his men
who lost life or limb at jNeuve Cha
pelle.
Another man 1 to have it put all
over him In a breach-of-promise suit
by hearing read the fool letters he
wrote -to the plaintiff. New Tork is
the scene this time, but It can happen
anywhere. Why sane men tempo
rarily become driveling Idiots and
record on paper their drool'.ng
thought la something a scientist can'
not solve. That they do It Is enough
to scare, but It frills.
Senator Chamberlain forgets, when
he proposes to show Congress an
actual bombardment of trenches, that
the Army ha only enough artillery
ammunition to last through one day's
battle. Tet It would be well spent
a convincing Congressmen that an
bundant supply of big guns and
hells Is indispensable to a modern
army.
Carranza ha decreed that widows
of hla soldiers shall have free rent for
whole year. However, rent Is no
problem In Mexico, where a dugout
suffices to house the family of the
peon. Free rations for a year would
prov something really worth men
tioning. British officials In India evidently
bolleved that, after hla North Pole
and ML McKinley stories Dr. Cook
was capable of anything, even of be
coming a German spy. Thus does a
man' fame pursue him.
The chauffeur of a taxi who would
swindle a drunken passenger is a bad
actor; but why waste sympathy on the
man who ought to know how he will
wind up when he begins the hilarity?
"Persians Badly Punished" reads a
headline. Any small nation like Per
sia which offers to take a hand in
this war had better think twice. The
giant might step on It
In Missouri a man of 94 has Just
married for the fourth time. He la
the father of 41 children, and must be
striving for the record.
With a day of rest and recovery
from Indigestion, everybody 1 able
to work this morning.
Th clearance da)- ar th time for
bargain tor those who did not spend
It all before Christmas.
Thrifty Mrs. Wilson keeps the Jew
elry store as a grubstake to provide
against contingencies.
Mrs. Wilson's favorite flower Is th
orchid, which Is expensive: but "them
aa baa gits.
Th only definite programme of the
peac party is to spend all of that
1270.000.
In Syria pulling whisker binds a
contract: la other countries it starts
a fight.
Whether of high or low degree, the
Chines assassin always gets hi vic
tim.
Nobody wants the Ford peace party.
It is an outcast among the nations.
An after-Christmas Joy Is to know
the light bills lessen.
lit da) a mor aa4 thtn Ckaixt,
How to Keep Well
By Sr. W. A. Ems,
Quaettona pertinent to brclene. sanitation
and prsvantlon of dlseaae. It matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in mis col
umn. Wbare space wlj not permit or th
uh'act Is not suliablF. letters win be per
sonaijy answers!, surject to proper llnuta
tlons and where a stamped, addressed en
valope ta Inclosed. Dr. vans will not miKi
dlssnosls or prescribe for Individual dis-
eases. . Requests (or such service cannot be
answered.
(Ooyrieht. IBIfi. be Dr. TV A. Evint
Published by arransamenl with Chicago
tribune.)
Stateiaserlna- and Stuttering.
Moat small children with defects of
speech can be cured. If the defect Is
simple and the habit is not firmly
established, the mother can cure better
than anyone else.
Stammerers are unable to produce
certain sounds or to correctly pro
nounc certain words. Lisping is
form of stammering. A stammerer
may be deliberate In manner. The de
fect may, and usually does, not cause
any self -consciousness. In fact, some
children affect lisping. Many children
who stammer have been led to believe
that the speech fault Is something of
an accomplishment. The peculiar way
of pronouncing words Is imitated and
terms of endearment are used In con
nectlon with the imitation. The net
result Is that the child Is far from
undertaking the effort needed to cor
rect the fault
Most cases of stammering and lisp
Ing can be cured by the mother. The
method Is simple. She must contin
ually pronounce the words which the
child mispronounces and bave the child
repeat them after her. Rewards. In
eluding a Judicious use of praise, must
be made use of.
IX the mother cares to read some
book on speech defects, such as that of
Scripture, and learn Just how certain
sounds are made she will be the gainer
by doing so. She may learn words
which her child can pronounce cor
rectly, which words call for about the
same operations In the speech organs
as those which the child speaks Incor
rectly. All of this Is for the mother.
In training tha child the mother speaks
correctly some troublesome words, and
other related words, and the child re
peats them.
Stuttering Is a different matter.
stutterers can make the necessary
sounds. The trouble Is In forming the
sounds into several-syllable words and
Into sentences. The seat of the trouble
Is the mind.
Stammerers and lispers are at their
worst between 2 and S years of age.
The mother can cure the averasre stut
terer of his defect why? The need
is for some way to slow down the ex
cited, nervous child. To make him
think slowly, act slowly, speak slowly,
to teach him not to b-gin to speak
until bis thought and speech are
formulated, and then to say his words
with deliberation.
The stuttering child has a dlsnosl
tlon to do everything half-cocked. If
it be granted that the cause of stut
tering is In the mind; if the needed
cure is to train the child to be de
liberate and calm, does It not follow
that the mother the best teacher?
Klucmel Is risht. The majority of chil
dren who stutter, stammer and lisp
could be cured by their mothers. How
ever, there are children who stammer
because of adenoids, tonsils or other
defects and children who stutter be
cause of mental or other trouble. Such
need the help of physicians and speech
specialists.
Probably a Lona- Palate.
Mrs. F. B. writes: "Will you please
give me some advice regarding my
little girl, 10 years old? She weifths
73 pounds and seems to be in perfect
health, but at night when she goes
to bed she couprhs for hours at a time.
This seems to be caused by a tickling
In the throat, and nothing I do gives
her any relief. Do you think this con
stant coughing will injure her general
constitution, and do you think she
ought to have a change of climate?
Or will a cough syrup of some kind
relieve her?"
REPLY.
Tha prrhable rinse of this coush Is Jong
palate. oine children couh. because tiie
t-mperatupre Is not rlelit. In some cases
tba beading la not heavy enough, in some
esses It Is too heavy. A badly ventilated
bedroom may be responsible. Whon slight
cbansea In temperature will precipitate
couahtng spells there Is very liable to be
enlargement of tba g.anda in tha chest. I do
not tnlnk you need navu ner change climate.
Io not give her cousa ayrups. iiut do bave
bar examined.
Care for Stuttering.
A. R. writes: "Is there no actual
cure for stuttering? I have been suf
fering with this affliction all my life
and seem to get more nervous and find
it more difficult to talk as I grow
older. Am now 20 years old and. am
often thought stupid because I give
short answers and even pretend not to
hear when I am spoken to. Would be
very thankful if you could tell me of
some doctor In New York City that
could help me or of schools for stut
tering". REPLT.
There are cures for stuttering, thougb
aoma people do not gat cured. Much de
panda on tre mentality and the age cf tha
sufferers. Where fear, timidity and diffi
dence are prominent In a given case the
difficulties of cure are multiplied. Write to
tha Volts, bureau, Washington, D. C, for
list of schools.
Questions Too Genera.
T. T. P.. writes: "If my husband and
I can each present 'a clean bill of
health' and are apparently normal In
every way. need I feel concerned about
physical defects that my father, had
and transmitted to some of his chil
dren, though they 'skipped' me? Do
such things have a tendency to die out.
bavins skipped one generation, or are
they likely to reappear in the grand
children?
REPLY.
Tha question cannot be answered, since for
soma conditions me answer would be yes
and for others, no. b'peclfy what defects
your lather oac.
Assaaalnatloa of Austrian Heir.
MITCHELL, Or.. Dec 14. (To the
Editor.) Please give the details of the
sssassination that caused the great
war In Europe. S. M. CHKSXUT.
The following Is from the new In
ternational Tear Book: The event
that precipitated the war of the oa
tlons was the assassination, June 2S,
1914. of the Archduke Francis Ferdi
nand, nephew of Emperor Francis Jo
seph and heir to the Hapsburg throne,
together with bis morganatic wife, the
Duchess of Hohenburg. while on the
Archduke's first official visit to Sara
jevo, the capital of Bosnia.
Their entry Into the town had been
Interrupted by the explosion of a bomb,
thrown by a certain Cabrinovlc, and.
fortunately enough, warded off by the
Archduke with his arm. The bomb
exploded under tha following automo
bile, wounding the Archduke's aide-de-camp.
Colonel Meriazl. With admir
able coolness, the Archduke stopped
his car and gave orders to have the
Colonel and other injured persons at
tended to: then he proceeded to the
town hall, where he was welcomed by
the Mayor.
Afterwards the Archduke sot out to
Inquire after the condition of the
wounded ColoneL As the royal car
rounded the corner of Rudolph- street
a Bosnian youth ty the name of Gav
rilo Prlnclp fired several revolver
shots from the sidewalk, wounding the
Duchess In the side and the Archduke
In the neck. Both lost consciousness
almost Immediately and died before
medical ssslstance could be secured.
Princlp. and Cabrinovlc wer arrested
and held for trial.
REASONS OPPOSED TO EMBARGO
Writer Aalt Why Prohibition or V ar
Trade Is Inaentral.
CORVAT.T..IS. Or., Dec. 25. (To the
Editor.) In The Oregonlan Tuesday
you reiterated your formerly declared
position, that it would be an unneu
tral act for the United States to forbid
the export of war munitions to the
allies.
By Just what process of reasoning
you have arrived at this conclusion. I
cannot determine. It appears to me
to be similar to the process used by
some in determining that it (would
be) is an unneutral act for us to fur
nish these selfsame munitions to the
allies. Anyone who asserts that we,
as a sovereign state, cannot establish
and pursue any domestic policy which
we see fit would appear to me to be
lacking In the essentials necessary to
arrive at Just Judgment.
I can, of course, conceive that such
an embargo, under certain circum
stances, might be construed, in fact,
meant, as an hostile act, but not by any
means unneutral. The relations be
tween the United States and allies
might become so strained as to cause
such action on our part, but such ac
tion would be taken solely as a means
to an end In our own legitimate for
eign policy, and would lack wholly the
element of friendship for Germany,
although, as a side issue, it would
have the effect of hampering the allied
cause, and, consequently, helping the
Germans.
This effect. I reiterate, would be
used as a means to an end. and not to
show friendship to the allies' enemies.
While in practice it would have some
effect In common with a policy of un
neutral friendship, the principles be
hind the two actions would be entirely
foreign to each other. Such an em
bargo would either be declared as a
domestic policy or aa an incident in
our relations with the allies.
I think if such a club were used;
or. better still, if It were used in con
junction with some of our warships
to brine a halt to the seizing or Ger
mans aboard American ships, which Is
American soil, that some or the allies
bigness above the shoulders, due to the
much-vaunted mistress or tne seas,
would take a slump overnight. If it is
at all practicable warships ought to
be sent in pursuit of these French and
British pirates and call them to halt
by a solid (not blank) shot across their
bow If not through tneir nuu.
P. S. WHITCOMB.
The reasons why an embargo on war
exports at this time would be unneu
tral have been stated twice, we think,
by the State Department, and have
been frequently set out on this page.
Trade in munitions Is an individual
not a National enterprise. An embargo
is an affirmative, official. National act
It is a prohibition not wholly domestic.
for it restricts a. recognized right of
belligerents to recoup their arms any
where that supplies may be purchased.
An embargo would be particularly un
neutral at this time because It would
rob one belligerent of much of the ad
vantages obtained through a species of
military preparation devised in recog
nition of established rules of interna
tional law which the embargo would
overthrow. An embargo would thus
diminish the prowess of the arms
of one side through official. National
interference by a neutral with a prac
tice which was. before and at the
beginning of hostilities, open to both
sides and which is now closed to one
side by the fortunes of war and not
through the instrumentality or fault of
the neutral.
FREE TRADE THEORY MADE PXAIX
rortlanjl Exponent Welcomes Disaster
to Home .Manufacturer.
PORTLAND, Dec 26. (To the Edi
tor.) In the Portland Journal the
editor discusses the possibility of Ger
many dumping her commodities upon
the United States, we protests against
anv "Alclvlnley larin to protect
against "this rain of commodities," and
asks "why should we seen any sucn
protection?" "Why not let tne uer
mans flood us with gifts If they are so
dissosed?" "What should be thought
of a bov who should block up the
chlmnev to keep Santa Claus out?"
Seldom. If ever, has the Democratic
theorv of free trade been more frankly
and tersely stated. Why, indeed, should
wa nrotest aealnst our home maraeis
being Hooded witn loreiKn souub
the expense of the local producer and
American labor? Why not send our
money abroad for everything we eat
and wear and use, and let the "unem
ployed" of America whistle lor a jodi
We have no concern in tne encourage
merit of domestic Industry and the em
Dlovment of American labor. The great
rii.iidpra.tum is to eet things cheap.
Isn't it about time for tne journal
to give us a few more editorials on the
duiv of buvlnsr nothing mat is not
m.ada In OreKon?" ny snouia we,
If we can buy more cheaply aoroaa.'
It would be Democratic treason.
i
THE DYIXG YEAR
(First Voice)
Come, bear him on his bier.
His time draws near.
(Second Voice)
Oh, may he cursed be as the nends in
hell!
A wicked monster fell.
Cause of my sorrow, pain and fear.
(First Voice.)
Revile him not How beautiful he lies!
He was thy friend.
The deep repose of labor-wearied eyes
Bcseemshls end.
(Second Voice.)
How loathsomely he sprawls upon the
bier.
Haggard and gaunt;
Pltilesss one who never knew a tear,
But only vaunt.
(First Voice.)
Stubborn of heart and purblind, canst
thou know
Ma'pntte form?
Like some old patriarch grand he lieth
low.
After life's storm.
(Second Voice.)
A tyrannous being, scornful, merciless.
Whose greedy hand
Took from me home and friends and
happiness
Alone I stand.
(First Voice.)
A will ungovernable resides in thee;
Submit to fate;
Strive to attain what Heaven would
have thee be
Before too late.
Sweet Charity will sanctify the blows
Received by thee.
Michty he was. and to his fathers goes
Eternally.
(Second Voice.)
What are those bells that clang so
harsh and loud
On midnight air?
Their cllkmorous intonations - echoing
proud
I cannot bear.
(First Voice)
They are not harsh; their Joyful tones
declare
A new-born son:
The year's last moment, youngest child
and heir.
Has life begun.
ROBERT E. ETAUFFER. '
Wisdom of an Employer.
Dallas (Tex.) News.
"Do you men watch the clock?" "Not
sloe 1 hired that pretty sttnograyher."
In Other Days
Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonlan of December 27, 1S85.
John West has retired from tho
foundry business at Albany, Or. John
West continues to manufacture a first
rate quality of lumber at his town on
the Columbia, opposite Cathlamet
In California a prison commission 1
being organized 20 paid at one time
securing a life membership. In Oregon
the taking of $20 is almost sura to
entitle a man to- all the privileges. In
side the institute, for at least one year.
Dolph B. Hannah, former United
States Marshal in Oregon under presi
dent Buchanan and well known in Ore
gon City and this city, has struck it
rich at Owyhee. A year ago be be
came interested In the Whisky Gulch
ledge, then not considered very much
above average, but through develop
ment it has recently disclosed wealth
equal to that of the Poorman. This is
the third ledge, that is turning out sil
ver In an almost pure state, but which
Is classed among the ledges there as
being "sliver-bearing quartz."
Mrs. Lincoln has ordered in Zwickau.
Germany, a monument for the grave of
her husband, the lamented President.
It is cut out of serpentina stone, of
an obscure green color, in the form of
a large die, and bears the simple In
scription, "Abraham Lincoln." In the
middle of October it was to have been
forwarded by rail to Bremen, from
whence It will be shipped to this coun
try. Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonlan of December 2T, 1S90.
, London, Dec 25. The Russian gov
ernment has ordered the expulsion of
11,100 Germans and Austrlans, the lat
ter mainly Galiclan Poles employed by
private firms in Poland.
Professor S. T. Adams and wife, ot
Forest Grove, and Professor J. P.
Looney, of Hillsboro, have just been
honored by the State Board of Educa
tion with life diplomas.
Rev. I. D. Driver will commence a
series of five lectures lor men only at
the Young Men's Christian Association
beginning tomorrow. The subject for
tomorrow will be "The Existence of
God." Mrs. Edgar Coursen will sing.
Peter Hansen, brother-in-law of City
Treasurer Frank Hacheney, died yes
terday morning at 2 o'clock from the
effects of a fall received two weeks
ago.
W. D. Brown, ex-chief of the San
Jose, Cal., volunteer fire department,
was taken in charge Christmas day
by some of the officers and members
of the Portland Veteran Firemen's As
sociation. Mr. Brown expressed him
self delighted with Portland and the
cordial reception that has been ac
corded him here.
Captain E. H. Jefferson, of the snag
boat Skagit, which has been operating
in the rivers along the Sound, is in
the city.
MARVELS OF SOTJJTD TRANSMISSION
Air Vibrations Caused by Orchestra
Wonderful If Visible.
PORTLAND, Dec 26. (To the Edi
tor.) Has the reader attended, at the
Heilig Theater, one of the symphony
concerts? Marvelous things transpire
there. Not visible, all of them, to the
natural eye, but more to the auditory
sense.
When that orchestra plays through
the compass of the scale, the air in the
room is In a torrent of commotion, cut
into every complexity of vibration.
Grave tones mingling with shrill, soft
with full and strong, fundamentals
mingling In great overtones; the whole
flooding the ears of the listeners, with
out confusion or discord.
What Infinite diversity In utmost
harmony: what incomprehensible ex
actness vibrating all to the lowest and
the highest: literally storming the soul
with pleasurable emotions!
Plainly speaking, it is the sensitive
ness of the air to the tremors set in
motion by the 50 instruments In the
orchestra, transmitting their individual
tone qualities swiftly and simulta
neously to those present and listening.
Some of the instruments in that or
chestra; the harp, for instance record
no less than 3000 vibrations to the sec
ond, while the finer strings on the vi
olin greatly exceed that Could those
present see with the natural eye what
actually takes place they would behold
all the particles of the air agitated in
tremendous sympathy, filling the space
with swiftly expanding spheres of
spectacular beauty. These forms, rap
idly changing, are of the finest geo
metrical beauty, verified by the per
fect sounds produced.
If that orchestra could be suspended
by a cord In a vacuum, nothing would
be heard; let In the air and all is
changed. These air waves are all about
us, taking hold of our highest life. All
the delights of music, such as Vere ex
perienced in the symphony concert; all
the necessities and pleasures of speech,
with the prattle of little children, are
possible only by these moving air
forms.
The velocity and accuracy with
which the human voice is carried with
out wire conductors is just now bring
ing to light astounding things. Certain
it is, the air in these transmissions is
not shot forth by the human voice as
it is by the air-brake on the locomotive.
It would seem, rather, that some co
ordinating substance is present with
the air waves, ether possibly, in car
rying distinctly thousands of miles the
human voice, as reported in recent ex
periments. Who is not glad to live in an agi
like this? OBSERVER.
Dotlv,
LACOMB. Or.. Dec. 25. (To the Edi
tor.) Are David Belasco, Eugene Wal
ter, Sir Arthur Pinero and George M.
Cohan all playwrights or present-day
dramatists? SUBSCRIBER.
The terms mean the same. If you
desire to distinguish between author
ship and production of the work of
others, it may be said that all are
writers of plays and that all are, or
have been, interested financially or in
a managerial capacity with theaters.
N Nrn Efficiency Acquired,
PORTLAND, Dec 26. (To the Edi
tor.) I notice that the Heilig Theater
strike has been settled by allowing the
superintendent to take out a card in
the engineers' union. Does the fact that
he holds a card make him more ef
ficient? H.
No. But why the question? The
strike was not called because the
union feared for the warmth or safety
of the theater-goers.
The Day After
brings Its new myriads of wants.
And it brings with it, too. many
excellent and timely suggestions
from the merchants.
Some of these take the form of
attractive special sales.
And this means that the adver
tising in The Oregonlan today is
chock full of the llvest sort of live
news.
Tou have glanced through it, of
course?
If you have not you are probably
missing something of importance.
1