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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 18, 1915)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1915. 3 FRONT IS INFERNO OF BURSTING SHELL Correspondent Sees Attack by Which German Redoubt of Hohenzollern Was Taken. SMOKE STRANGELY VARIED Lifting of Walls of Fire From Teu ton Front to Reserve11 Trenches Marks Progress of Assault. Battle Desperate. BRITISH HEADQUARTERS IN FRANCE, Oct. 15, via London, Oct. 17. -Along: the Hulluch-Haisnes line. where the fighting has been almost continuous since the taking of Ios, a correspondent had un unprecedented view of the British attack which took the Hohenzollern redoubt. From a vantage point in tKe flat country was seen a stupendous pan orama of artillery preparation and glimpses of infantry rushing through smoke and shells. So rapid was the fire that an effort to count the number of audible shots per minute from the British guns failed. In front, to the right and left, and far in the rear, guns flashed and scattered shells over the landscape. A seconds lull in the firing by the batteries in the imme diate neighborhood was filled by those farther away.. Bursting Shells Outline Trenches. The line of both the British and German trenches was discernible in long clouds of smoke from the burst ing shells. That of the German artil lery seemed smaller in volume. No shells were seen bursting in Loos it Belf, which appeared peaceful now back of tho British, positions. For this tremendous concentration was re stricted to a narrow theater against the frontal positions of the opposing side. It was a warm and perfect Autumn day, a bright sun shining through banks of clouds amid which aeroplanes hovered. Rolling clouds of gas, ris ing up from the British trenches like Pteaui from the locomotive of a pass ing train above the edge of a cut. as it was released from the apparatus in the trenches, was distinguishable from the explosion of every variety of shells. The reddish - black British lyddite and the coal-black German nine-inch explosives shot up tnrough the lighted smoke in dense spurts, tinged at the bottom with dust from the trenches, while the explosion of a mine made a vast, mushroom-shaped column. Variety of Shells Used. Large caliber shrapnel bursting in the air made big vaprous puffs, and high explosives bursting in the air caused big black puffs. There also were asphyxiating gas shells, signal shells to assist the gunners and shells which dropped streaming points of fire like those from a skyrocket. The sun, shining through the clouds, above and below, made a mass of changing colors that was an eye-tiring spectacle. Now, toward Hulluch it was pink and toward La Bassee dark green, while toward the Hohenzollern redoubt and Foss 8 the German parapet became visible for an instant, only to be hid den again. Avenues of trees along the Toads, some of them cut down by shell fire, stood stripped like telephone poles of their limbs and foliage. There were to be seen the jagged ruins of villages, whence came a. continuous ugly roar which submerged the sound of the machine guns and rifles fired during the half hour from 1 to 1 :30 before the British infantry sprang from their trenches. "Meanwhile, in the rear the miners Of this mining country proceed with their voik; farmers were plowing; women going and coming in the vil lages or standing in doorways; the soldier support straining their eyes toward the battlefield or playing foot ball, ready to find cover in the dugouts or cellars instantly should their neighborhood be shelled. The jnly way the progress of the a t tack could be told to an observer looking over the whole battlefield was by the lifting walls of fire of the Brit ish guns from the front to the reserve German trenches, while the Germans moved theirs back, presumably to punish the IJritish reserves coming to support their advance. A Hash of flame and It was seen that Fo?s 8 was on fire. An officer on horseback in the midst of shells was seen, for an instant and was gone. Soldiers were seen springing over a parapet, presumably running forward with bombs, and were lost in the man tle of smoke which gave only a few glimpses of the presence of human beings in the Inferno. CZAR'S GOAT IS CAPTURED (Continued ! rom First Page.) the mad "zeitunpsleute" were laughing about. In the course of the December figlit insr the loux. castellated railway sta tion at Skierniowice, where the red carpets for royalty have so often been laid down, was badly shattered, but it is now well repaired and scrupulously clean. The Czar's waitinsr room, how ever, still stands open to the glad sky and it will require numerous altera tions in addition to a new roof, before he will care to use it again. Kverythinfr to which a coat of white wash could be applied has been so treated, and soldiers are setting- out plants in bits of sreensward at one end of the train platform. A little period ical atand where you can buy the lat est German magazines and editions of tlerman classic plays bound in paper covers has been opened and the soldier whose train stops at ykierniewice for a few minutes can also buy a good sand wich for 5 cents and a glass of beer for cents. italional Cfaaracterlatlca Shown. I set down all these details because they are so entirely characteristic of the tasks of repairing and decorating which tho Germans set themselves in all the railway stations along the vast stretches of country they have occu pied on both fronts. They are more methodical and thorough at this kind if thing than the Austrian are in the territory they occupy further to the outh, and as to the French system well, matters were more at loose ends at the railway stations in France a week after the war had begun than they are now in some remote little Kussiaik villages which the German have held for a few days. The differ ence seemed to me important because it spelled out national characteristics in such large print. You can always depend upon a Ger man soldier promptly to set the eat in part of his quarters to rights. In the restaurant of the Skierniewice sta tion there are flowers on the table and a mannerly Boy Scout to wait on table and a menu that is amazing when you consider how far the food has to be transported. On the walls of the dining-room are three- pictures of Field Marshal von Hindenburg and two of the German Emperor and one of the Crown Prince and one of John the Bap tist, and of that selection I leave" the theologians to make what they can. Place Strangely Sedate. Cleanliness, comfort and low voices give a strangely sedate and well-ordered tone to this place, where you cannot walk a dozen Daces without see ing shattered walls and unroofed rooms and unglazed windows. In the switch yards outside stand work cars, the roofs of which have long since been sodded over in order to fool the flyers. The grass is quite nourishing. Bearded German railway engineers who also are an arm of the government service and proud of it are maneuvering long trains of flatcars loaded with ammunition wagons up and down the tracks, and as to these German engineers and German engines and German cars that one has seen so often and In places so unexpected, the Old question rises to the lips, v here does the empire get them all?" Beyond the area in front of the sta tion the switch yards are still a mass r ......... . MAP SHOWING TEUTOXlC-BrL- I GAR DRIVES IX SERBIA. I t v - I x SCALE. OF KIlXS How the German-Austrian and the Bulgarian forces are striking tor a junction in Northern Serbia is shown in the above map. The German-Austrian advance has gone beyond Semendria and Ram to the Lower Morava Val ley fB), and King Ferdinand's troops, beginning their invasion, have made a drive behind the Serbian right flank near Za sitcher and Kniashevatz (B). Between these forces is a dif ficult mountain country, but, Mackensen, by an advance up the Moravia Valley, and the Bulgar ians, by an advance .down the railway from Zasitchar, may meet at Nish. of wreckage. The town proper, how ever, seems to be unharmed. Iron Cross Made In Foliage The exterior of the Czar's chateau is not pretentious, but the lawns and gar dens around it are lovely. The stretch of lawn that drops away into a sunken garden in front of tho chateau has lately received a new embellishment, the permanency of which it will take a war to decide. It is a gigantic fac simile of a. German iron cross composed of foliage plants with leaves that are almost black, and the design is com pleted with foliage plants of which the leaves are almost white. On the edge of the park rises the ornate lodge church of white and green and gold. There is also said to be a private theater somewhere about the place, but we did not see that. Still in charge of the chateau is the ancient castellan who was there in the days of its glory. He has the whiskers an.d the deprecatory air of "faithful retainer of the family" In an English melodrama. Guided by him, we wan dered through the silent, linen-shrouded rooms of the hunting palace. In one the Emperor Franz Josef had slept when he joined the meeting of the three Emperors 31 years ago. Here was the Czar's bedroom. There was the Empress. Here was her bathroom. Upon my word, it seemed fairly inde cent, this invading of the privacies of a deserted house. Story of Tragedy Retold. Here the Crown Prince Leopold of Bavaria had slept in recent days. Here was a door at the bottom of a stairway that let down and disclosed not only the tiny closet into which it opened, but also the fact that the inner side of the door was upholstered and formed the bed on which the sentries of the Czar's bodyguard slept between watches. Just beyond that cubbyhole is the little withdrawlng-room in which the imperial family used to drink coffee after dinner. The castellan did not tell us the grisly story about the room, but a man of another nationality did. I don't know whether to believe him or not, but his story was that 10 years ago a certain Grand Duchess was sip ping coffee in that room when phe sud denly fell back dead. The coffee had contained a poison Intended for the Czar. After investigating the Empress bod room, which was equal to any you would find in an old-fashioned Ameri can hotel that has come upon second rate days, we had no shame left, and so we all laboriously took a peep through a keyhole at the private chaisl of the palace. This apartment the Ger mans keep locked. All we could see was a blaze of fresco and gold. It seemed to be the most splendid part of the establishment. Captors Respect Treasures. All the rest of it was very mahogan ish, very satiny, very chintzy, very chandeliery and reasonably tasteless though one got the idea that it would light up gorgeously at night. The sole genuinely artistic objects I saw were some exquisite little plates or trays enameled with miniatures of the most delicate design imaginable. For them alone I envied the Czar, and I have seldom been nearer to tempta tion than when I was left alone for several minutes in. an apartment where the delightful little masterpieces were strewn all about. It raised my esti mate of human nature in general and of German human nature in particular to realize that ever since this palace was occupied in December by Russia's invaders those 'things had been lying there and had been respected. I also noted the fact that in one deserted room after another fly paper had been hung from the chandeliers and that there Is a big "wipe-your- feet" mat in front of the main entrance. The Czarina may rest assured that her palace at Skierniewice is being well looked after in her absence. O.-W. K. & X. May Tap AMI la pa. CENT R ALIA, Wash., Oct. 17. (Spe cial. Following a visit by a traffic representative of the O.-W. R. & N. to all of the mills between here and South Bend to obtain data on the amount of freight shipped, a rumor is In circula tion that the Harriman line is about to enter into an agreement with either the Northern Pacific or Milwaukee, whereby it will operate trains to Wil lapa Harbor. Such a plan was about consummated a year ago, but was abandoned when the lumber market took a elump. - TOMB OF NAPOLEON - FRENCH WAB SHRINE Nation Now Draws Inspiration From Life of Great Leader of Long Ago. CROWDS VISIT INVALIDES Patient People ."Wait in Galleries to Be Admitted to See Embodi ment of New Hopes In In struments of Battle. BT CAROLYN WILSON. (Copyright, 1915, by tha Chicago Tribune. Published by arrangement- ) PARIS, Sep. 21. Peace had . her shrines in Paris, I suppose. They were gay and frivolous, full of life and light and laughter. They were, perhaps, the opera, the racetrack at Auteuil, the Foliea Bergeres. Not shrines, you say but they were gathering places of great crowds and reflected the Ideas of the people. But now Is war; and war has her shrine. Out of the peaceful, artistic nation have come warriors; out of a nation of skeptics has come faith. The two unexpected, undivided traits have become part of every Frenchman and It is at the tomb of Napoleon that he finds the incarnation of these newly born emotions. That lofty, majestic dome, with Its magnificent peace. in the encircled midst of which lies the greatest man of the world in his simple grandeur, is the shrine of the French people. Nation's Hopes Embodied In his history, in his courage, am bition, determination, they see the em bodiment of their hopes today. I some times wonder if they think upon his end and if it stirs for a vague, uncom fortable second their supreme faith in the success of their cause. I was there on Sunday. The courts on both sides of the Invalides were full. A slow-moving throng pressed up the steps. There were wounded and crippled, women and little children, shamed men, pale from bureau work, whose very presence there announced some physical defect; strangers paying their tribute, Moroccans, Senegalese, listening for the first time to tne glo rious past of France. The pale blue light filtered in through the Invisible windows of the high dome and enveloped in an at mosphere of cool aloofness the sarco phagus, the statues of victory, the torn and faded flags. And over the broad balustrade 10.000 eyes gazed down upon the simple, inornate tomb. Is thare any place like it in the world? Not to me. That massive block of red porphyry on its gray green base, those wreaths of triumph, those statues of victory, those battle-torn flags dim ly colored, and within the dust of the great little man. "Joffre of Long; Aero.9 By my side were some Senegalese to whom a Frenchman was explaining in simple language the grandeur of Na poleon, and I liked his patriotism in omitting Beresina and St. Helena and his final remark. "II etait le Joffre de jadis" (the Joffre of long ago). A reflective Moroccan nodded eompre hendingly and showed his white teeth in an earnest 'Y est un brave poilu," and I wondered how the dead Napoleon would have liked the compliment. The crowd leaving the tomb turned into the court of the Invalides and fingered the captured cannons, touched the aeroplanes with the broken wings covered with painted iron crosses. Fathers home on permission explained to their boys how such and such a gun worked, recounted tales of their own experience, little groups listening around them with interest. The chil dren's eyes, got bigger and bigger and they stood up proud and straight with a light in their eyes which said, "My papa is the greatest hero of the world." Crowds Walt Patiently. Patient crowds stood a hundred long in the two galleries on either side of the court, waiting to be admitted 10 at a time to a view of all the instru ments of this war. There are shells and bombs and hand grenades of every belief and persuasion, daggers, lances, guns, mitraileuses, cannon, models of aeroplanes, armored cars, steel arrows, asphyxiating masks everything that has to do with the war of today. It is a perfect education in things military to pay a visit here. There are lessons In heroism and bravery, flags snatched from the enemy at the price of much life, .bloody torn banners, poor broken drums which have beat the way to victory. When you see the thousands, the tens of thousands who pass through these courts, who stand humbly hope ful with bared beads by the tomb of the great man, who study the war ma chines, who listen to the tales of . the returned poilus, who finger the guns with thoughts of some distant trench or field of battle you know that Mars has found his shrine in the midst of the most peace-loving nation on earth. HATRED NOT SUFFICIENT BRITISH DIKF-ICri-TIES AT DAR DANELLES DESCRIBED. Every Conceivable Blonder Committed Says Correspondent Discussing; Proposal to Withdraw. IOXDON, Oct. 17. An interesting contribution to the controversy regard ing the abandonment of the Gallipoli expedition is made by the correspond ent. Ashmead Bartlett. who has Just returned from the Dardanelles. In an interview in the Sunday Times, he says : "One of the chief difficulties in the fighting there has been that neither the Colonials nor the British bear such a fanatical hatred against the Turks as they do against the Germans, and the curious thing is that these feelings are reciprocated. But the Turk is a true patriot and will not surrender the last strip of Europe left to him. espe cially Constantinople, without a grim struggle. "The fighting has been of the most desperate character and the results are highly unfavorable' to us. We have committed every conceivable blunder in our methods of attempting to carry out the expedition. "I hear a great deal about our loss of prestige in the Near East if we fail to carry the enterprise to a successful conclusion. Personally I take the op posite view. Even if our expedition stops today, our prestige will not suf fer because of the splendid courage and endurance of our soldiers. 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Denver, Seattle. Portland. Spokane. - .1 , iowud oiioaora, uni.j. Mmaoo. cans, orusseta. oerun, otogne, Milan, Vienna Write Department P-13 Yeon Building Portland incmnsti. Detroit. Atlanta. San Francisco, LOYALTY IS URGED British-Americans Told Duty Is to United States. AMBASSADOR GIVES ADVICE Best Service to Country of Origin, Says Spring-Rice, Will Be Ren dered by Observance of-TIicir' Oath of Allegiance. CHICAGO. Oct. 17. (Special.) Great Britain's policy with reference to en listments in the United Stales for serv ice In the European war is revealed in instructions received by the British Consul-General' in Chicago from Sir Cecil Spring-Rice, the British Ambas sador. The Ambassador says specifically that naturalized Britons have the same status as those Americans -who are native born and that the best service they can render to the country of their origin Is to observe faithfully their oath of allegiance, lie says: "With regard to former British sub jects who have become citizens of the United States, their status under the accepted principles of international law does not ii any respect differ from that of native-born American citizens. I notice with - satisfaction that it has been pointed out by certain prominent American citizens of British birth that the best service which they can render to the country of their origin is to prove by their actions and conduct that they are loyal and law-abiding Amer ican citizens. Neutrality Moat Be Observed. With regard to British subjects resi dent in this country who have not be come naturalized, 1 have to remind you that according to British -and American law they are regarded as in all respects subject to the law of the country in which they reside and to which they owe a temporary allegiance. You should, if you think it necessary and expedient, call the attention of British subjects io this fact and espe cially to their duty to observe the neu trality laws of the United States. "Since the war began I, have acted in Accordance with the opinion expressed by the Supreme Court of the United States that it is the duty of a citizen when war breaks out and he is abroad to return to his country, in order to render her or his service: and I have been guided by the decision of the United States courts that it is not an offensa against the neutrality laws of the United States for residents in this country to leave it with intent to enlist in foreign military service, provided there is no engagement, hiring, con tract or solicitation. Retnrn Not to Be Assisted. "I have claimed for trained men. British subjects' resident here and who.1 may desire to return to Kngiand for military duty, although not obliged to return by local statute, the same rights and privileges as are enjoyed in this respect by the subjects of nations which have compulsory , military service. "A question, however, has arisen as to the interpretation of the law and Is at present subjudice. I have, there fore, while reserving all rights, issued instructions that until the courts of the United States have decided the question, British Consuls in this coun try must not assist British subjects to return for military duty." Lectures Bring Big Ja-w Is Corn Crop. CENT II ALIA, Wash., Oct- 17. (Spe cial.) The extensive corn crop just harvested in Lewis County is the best indication that the lecture tour of C. L. Smith, official- agriculturist of the O.-W. n. & N., through the county last Winter, was not in vain. Farmer Smith urged the farmers to plant corn. The farmers took advantage of his in struction. The resulting crop was t plentiful one. 100 CONVICTS TO BE FREED Governor Ferguson, of Texas, Ad vocate of Clemency. s DALLAS. Texas. Oct. 17. Governor Ferguson, in 'Dallas to open the Texas State Fair, said Saturday that he would pardon every one of the 3 00 friendless convicts now in state prisons, as recom mended by the Board of Pardons yes terday. 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