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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1915)
8 THE MORNING OREGOXIAX. .TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1915. xmmtmt PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland, Oregon, Postofflce as . Bccono-ciaBs matter. Subscription Kates Invariably la advance. (By Mall.) Tally, Sunday Included, one year. . . . . . .SS.00 ajly. Sunday Included, six months.... 4.25 2ally, Sunday Included, three months. . 2.25 Jjany, bunday included, one month Dally, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Ially, without Sunday, six months 3.20 Dally, without Sunday, three months... 1.70 "Dally, without Sunday, one month 60 "Weekly, one year .00 ' tbunday, one year 2.50 . Sunday and Weekly, one year 3.30 ' (By Carrier.) "pally, Sunday Included, one year...... 9.00 OJauy, bunday Included, one month.... i How to Kemit Send postofflce money or- , uci, cpicso uruir or personal cnecK on your . local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at i .sender's risk. Give postofflce address in - lull, including county and state. ' Postage Itatr 12 to Its pases, 1 cent; IS ; To 32 pages, cents; 84 to 4s pages, 8 cents; , fiO to t0 pages. 4 cents; 52 to 7u pages. 5 , cents; 7S to 02 pages, 0 cents. X-'oreign 4 jjomage aoublo rates. ' Eastern RiiKlneH Office Vtrrrt rnnt 'lin, Brunsv.ick building. New York; Verree & C'oriKIln, steger building, Chicago; San ranclsco representative. H. J. Bidwell. 12 i piarKei street. tOBTLAXD, TUESDAY, SEPT. 81.' 1915, , TWO WATS TO SEEK THE SAME END. T ' The same end Is sought by the two ; opposing parties in the waterpower : conference which meets in Portland "today namely: development of wa iter power as quickly as the public needs require and its sale as cheaply las governing conditions permit. The difference of opinion is as to methbd. . Advocates of the Ferris bill maintain ;that the policy of leasing power sites toy the Federal Government and of control over that development by the .'Government is the only method to which Congress will consent and Which will safeguard public interest and that, therefore, its rejection oiieans continuance of the present blockade. Opponents of that meas ure maintain that it invades the sov ereignty of the states, prescribes con ditions which will prove unworkable, and conflicts iwith state laws already In full operation. They therefore de clare that the bill will not attract capital or stimulate development and will cause continuance of the present deadlock while the constitutional and legal questions involved are being fought out In the courts. ' : The Ferris bill assumes that Gov ernment ownership of public land car ries with it the sovereign power to direct the conduct, not as tenants or purchasers, but as citizens, of those whom the Government may permit to occupy that land. While not denying the states' ownership and sovereignty over the water, the bill assumes that, because use of the land is necessary to development of water power, the Gov ernment has the right to lay down the conditions under which that devel opment shall be made. It follows up this assumption by fixing tha term ilurlng which any corporation may use the water in conjunction with the land, a term which conflicts with the term already fixed by some of the states, Oregon among them, during which the water may be used. . It imposes upon the Government's land a charge based upon the volume of power developed by the state's .water, a charge which partakes of . the nature of a tax rather than of rent. This tax is not to be uniform upon all the industries of all the states, nor even upon the entire water power industry of all the states, nor upon that of some of the states. It is to .be imposed only on those water powers . which use . Government land. It Is to vary not according to the amount and value of such land as is used,- bnt in the discretion of an offi cial who will change every four j-ears, perhaps oftener. The tax may be dif ferent' on two neighboring streams, power from which serves neighboring communities. There may be like va riations in other terms of the pro posed leases, subject only to certain treneral rules laid down in the bill and to such additional rules as the official may lay down, but which he and his successors would be free to change. The Ferris bill legislates concerning many things in regard to which the states have already legislated. These state laws are in operation and they conflict at many points with the Fer ris bill. The latter measure forbids a p'ower company to sell more than 50 per cent of its product to one con sumer without consent of the Secre tary of the Interior; the state utility commission may order it to sell 100 per cent to one consumer. -The bill forbids sale to distributing companies; states permit and even en courage such sale. It forbids combi nation between companies, permits coupling up of plants only for limited periods with the Secretary's consent, and generally favors competition; v some states permit coupling of plants and forbid new companies to enter a field which is already occupied by a company giving good service at rea sonable rates under public regulation. The bill gives the Secretary author ity to supervise issue of securities by power companies; that authority is already exercised by the states. The bill requires continuous use of water io, generate hydro-electric power; state laws give domestic use and irri gation priority . over power and au thorize utility commissions to divert water from an inferior to a superior use. Thus a. company by obeying the state might forfeit its lease, while for obeying the Government it might be deprived of water. Opponents of the Ferris bill main tain that it is founded on a series of false assumptions. It assumes that ownership of land gives sovereignty to the Government and permits legisla tion as to matters In the- West over which Eastern and Southern states have full and undisputed control. It assumes that the Government is free to hold publlo land indefinitely and never to part with title. As to the former point the courts - have held uniformly that, in its relation to pub lic land, the Government is in the same position as any other land owner, but subject to the implied un derstanding that the land is to be "disposed of." To lease land is not to "dispose" of It. If the leasing system were definitely established, from 35 to 93 per cent of the area of the eleven Western waterpower states might be permanently withheld from state tax ation, although the states would be required to carry the full burden of government over those vast areas. The West contends that this conversion of the United States into a permanent landlord would be a violation of the terms under which the states were-ad-mltted to the Union and would hold them in the position of provinces rather than that of sovereign states. Sponsors of the Ferris bill assume that by it Congress only attempts to occupy a twilight tone of Jurisdiction between that of the Nation and that fit the state. Its opponents say there is no such twilight zone. The au thority after which Congress grasps is not delegated to it by the Constitu tion and by repeated judicial decisions has been declared to be reserved to the states. This zone is already fully occupied by thirty-two of the forty eight states, , and the thirty-two in clude nearly all of the Western states. Intrusion of 'the Government into this zone can result only in a conflict of 'authority, a blockade of development ana a Doom in litigation. In an attempt to quiet opposition, the authors of the Ferris bill have in serted clauses recognizing the states' ownership and control over water and the states' regulative power over in trastate business and declaring that nothing shall be done in contraven tion of those rights. The event is likely to prove that those are the only sections of the bill which will stand fire in the courts. An excuse for this proposed usurpa tion is that the states have improvi- dently managed, their affairs and need a sort of Federal guardianship. As to the great majority, they are conduct ing their own affairs much better than the United States could do it for them. Even if they were not, the Government has no constitutional au thority to step in as guardian. Any states which mismanage their internal affairs must pay the penalty until they learn wisdom. That is a right which President Wilson concedes to the Mexicans. It has been charged that opposition to the Ferris bill springs from the waterpower trust, and that the West ern states are so dominated by. that trust that Federal authority alone can save them from it and can prevent it from becoming omnipotent. We have discovered no evidence that a water- power trust exists; if it does, the Gov. eminent -has full authority to dissolve it under the anti-trust laws. The "charge of trust domination may arise from the fact that the Western states and the waterpower interests alike oppose the Ferris bill. There is a perfectly natural and innocent ex planation of that fact. The states de sire to see water power developed; so do the power interests. The states have in most cases provided for regu lation of power companies; the com panies have adapted themselves to that regulation and accept it, but ob ject to double regulation under the changing rules of a -changing official 2000 or 3000 miles from the scene of action, who would in practice delegate his authority to subordinates. The states oppose the Ferris bill because it invades their sovereignty, ties up their resources and places them in perpetual tutelage. The power inter ests oppose that bill because they be lieve its provisions to be unworkable, fruitful of conflict and litigation and obstructive to development. The states resent an attempt to superpose Fed eral regulation over state regulation. Of the many representatives of the power interests who testified before the Senate committee, every one ex pressed ready acceptance of state reg ulation of intrastate business and Federal regulation of interstate busi ness. They welcome regulation, for they realize its benefits. These are the main points of con flict between two alternative methods for attaining the same end which the waterpower conference .will consider. If the Western states should run counter to Secretary Lane, it wili not be because .they doubt the excellence of his intentions, but because they deny that the method he has adopted will accomplish the end they, in com mon with him, seek. KIND WORDS EKOM MB. THAW. The tribute Mr. Harry Thaw pays to the workings of the Oregon system, and particularly to the recall of judges, ought to make everybody in the state the friend for life of the slayer of Stanford White. No one can doubt longer the genuine virtues of the system. If New York had had the recall of judges a few years ago. It is easy to see what would have happened. The judge who"Bent Thaw to Matteawan, which is an insane asylum, would have been threatened with the recall and would have indeed, through the power of the Thaw money, liberally applied. been made the subject of recall peti tions and the victim of a recall elec tion. It is pleasant to think that the people of New York would thus have been able to settle the question of Thaw's guilt or innocence by popular vote. What higher form of the ex pression of a perfect Justice could be devised? Assuredly the people of Oregon 'are obliged to Mr. Thaw. They were made a little uncomfortable recently, during the visit of ex-President Taft, by the sharp drives of that statesman against their prized system; but now the scales are more than balanced. Mr. Thaw has- performed Oregon an in valuable service. GOOD FROM TWO STANDPOINTS. The proposal of Adjutant-General White to organize and train a cadet company in each of the four Portland high schools affords an opportunity to young men to do something for them selves and for their country at the same time. The elementary military training" they would receive would be of Inestimable value to them in civil life. It would deyelop and improve their physique and teach them the proper care of their bodies. It would also make their minds alert and in spire discipline and the habit of obedience to officers a habit which would render them good citizens, ob servers and upholders of the law. It would teach them how to handle fire arms, and hence how to protect them, selves and their families; also how to live in camp and in placeswhere they would be deprived of the resources of civilization. All these acquirements would make them more desirable as employes, so that service in the cadets would be in itself a strong recommen dation and would constitute a large part of the foundation for success in civil life. But of course the main purpose of the training is to equip students for their part in defending their country against a foreign enemy. There is no taint of militarism in the plan, for militarism aims to take by force that which belongs to other nations, while the purpose of military training in the United States is to prevent other na tions from taking by force that which belongs to this Nation or its citizens whether sovereignty over our territory or the lives, liberty or property of our people. - In spirit and purpose the plan is the same as that of a man who buys a revolver, learns its use and keeps it in his house ready to drive away ma rauders or those who assail his family. Our country is our house, and a good citizen will be as ready to defend It as a good husband and father will be to defend his house and his family. That is all there is to patriotism and the movement for National preparedness. The plan is closely akin to that which has long been in vogue in Switzerland and which has kept that country out of war while- war rages all around it. A like plan has been adopted" in Australia and has proved so . beneficial to the physique and character of the young citizens and so efficient in enabling that dominion to do its part in the present war that Australians who formerly opposed it now say they would not be without it. Let those who fear that military training of the youth will inspire them with militarism remember that mili tarism consists not In the training Itself but in the spirit and purpose with which it is undertaken. Such training is practiced among the most peaceful as well as the most militant nations. The United States, as a peaceful nation, should practice it for the same reasons as prompt other na tions of like disposition. WHAT OF THE ROLL. CALLT The work of our public school guardians against the Invasion of the military spirit of course must not stop with a prohibition of the pupils' marching in and out of the building. Calling of the roll should cease in stantly. It is done in the Army. Other things have been made equally wicked by military appropriation living in tents and carrying things across one's shoulder, for examples. Boys should be taught how to carry ballbats in a way that will not arouse their blood lust and should be cautioned to avoid any back yard where a playmate has erected an old blanket on cross sticks. As a matter of fact, the inhibition of marching as the sole precaution against growth of the military spirit looks like a sort of dig at youthful intelligence. The boy who does not know what the real function of sol diering is and that marching has no more to do with it than eating, ought not to be attending the public schools, but an institute for the feeble-minded. We would not expect a rule against marching to make mollycoddles of the boys, unless it was impressed upon them repeatedly that that was its pur pose. Keeping step with others does not turn the mind of a healthy boy to militarism from thoughts of baseball, the swimming pool, old Jones' orchard or the more repellant anticipations of chores or study.' In other werds, marching in order to get from one place to another in an orderly manner does not have the slightest permanent influence on a child's mind and its omission will therefore not affect the trend of his character. We are somewhat uneasy, however, about entrusting the youth of Portland to the immediate influence of adults who have so little common sense as to think it will. TREND OF FOREIGN TRADE. Study of our exports and imports shows that other nations are increas ing both purchases and sales of crude materials for manufacture, but are too busy otherwise to make foodstuffs or other manufactures ready for con sumption. Our imports of materials for manufacture began to Increase materially in July, though the seven months ending-with July show a de crease, but our exports of such mate rial show a like increase for both periods; We bought less food, both crude and manufactured, but we sold vastly more in both forms in the same months than in the like period of 1914, though July showed a. decrease in ex ports of crude foodstuffs. This was probably duo to the disturbed condi tion of the exchange market Just when the new grain-shipping season opened. As to manufactures, imports of goods for further use in manufacture are gradually recovering, the decrease for July being much less in proportion than that for the seven months, but finished manufactures come in de creasing quantities. Exports of both classes of manufactures continue to grow In monthly increasing ratio and at the present pace next year may double the totals -for 1914. This de mand for this class of commodities is the real source of the boom in Eastern industries. THE DREAMS OF GENII'S. It has been some weeks since our immortal inventive geniuses wero set to the tasks of - providing a new and simple means of National defense. The idea of thus outwitting the pon derous devices of Mars originated with the genial naval humorist, Secre tary. Daniels. Necessarily Secretary Daniels had no particular line of in ventive procedure in mind and that was left to the matchless ingenuity of Drains mat una tne solving of such profound problems daily amusement. It was suggested that perhaps some means of sinking vessels by electrical waves from hidden shore batteries could be devised. However, that was a mere suggestion. The inventors might perfect a means of sinking war ships by wireless if they saw fit. Any thing was satisfactory to Mr. Daniels, seemingly, except a larger and more adequate Navy. So far, the method of protecting our shores through the medium of our inventive genius has not been perfect ed, but while we are waiting for the solution of this trifling problem it might be well to review the result of similar activity in Europe, where Sec retary Daniels' idea appears to have occurred in several thousand minds of similar trend. A Petrograd correspondent of the Philadelphia Ledger notes that the Russian War Ministry had several highly developed plans submitted for establishing Russian supremacy over the Kaiser's hosts. In fact, the total number of plans during the year was 17,000. All but 100 of these ideas, it is recorded, were clouded by the heavy odor of mandragora, while all of the practicable 100 were rusted by the mists of antiquity. Russian inventive patriots were invited to desist. The Ministry had real business at hand. What Russia needed was men and guns, not idle dreams. It is not strange that among the 17,000 assorted plans was at least one that contemplated eliminating the enemy by electrical waves. It is noted that one plausible genius named Voyevitch inveigled the military au thorities 'to a demonstration of his device for annihilating Germany, Aus tria and Turkey with, artificial light ning flashes. . Of course his. contriv ance didn't work and the failure dis gusted the observers, including Voye vltch's wife, who promptly left him. Doubtless he has since directed his inventive skill to providing mechan ical means of performing household duties. In Germany the inventors and cranks are equally busy. - Some of them are rendering valuable assist ance, but they are the practical men who concern themselves with subma rines, flying machines, big shells and high explosives. The only real inno vation that has come from them has to do with chemical processes for gen erating poisonous gases. A corre spondent describes some of the more "ambitious plans which provide for a little of everything from drowning out hostile nations to changing the lawsjf Nature in Germany's behalf. A Hungarian genius is going to put a quick end to the allies when he per fects a few minor details of his pet idea. He has discovered a method of altering climate. When his completed formula Is put to work it will reduce the temperature to a point at which a polar bear would promptly stiffen and die. A cold reception is in store for the allies when this creative mind gets nis plan in operation. Another one, named Akkermann, has a plan that will render his home town of Munich immortal. The model Is already complete. It provides a huge tunneling machine which moves under armies at the rate of five miles a day, thus paving the way for Ger man divisions to spring up in the rear of their foes. If this subterranean monster does not end the war the gun of another German genius named Meinlcke will surely do it. This gun will throw shells an incredible number of miles and has a trajectory . calcu lated to threaten the solar system. Still another one is perfecting a sys tem of magnets that will dispose of the allied navies by drawing tiriem out Into the zone of submarine activity. Another one had a fine idea for flood ing half of Poland by making use of the Vistula, but the doughty German army ran the Russians out of that territory before this budding genius could make his name immortal. Meanwhile British genius appears to be confined to literary and lingual activities applied to the field of coax ing recruits Into the ranks and ex. plaining why these recruits don't do something after they are trained. Frenchmen, for their part, seemingly are too busy conducting the major portion of the allied fighting to waste time and energy chasing inventive will-o -the-wisps. One newspaper which from the first had condemned the late land confer ence to failure now remarks: The gentlemen who controlled the con ference manifested no concern in such trivial things as irreducible school funds. reclamation ond good roads. They had higher thoughts, such, for Instance, as the pecuniary wenare oi tne railroad ina pos sible fine picking for timber syndicates and forest barons. The fact that the conference called upon Congress to enforce the terms of the original grant the policy the rail, road refused to follow for many years and. now vehemently and defiantly op poses is conveniently Ignored by this paper. But its twin railroad-baiter does a little better. Says this other newspaper: - Primarily It was planned to handle the conference for the railroads. The plan was partially defeated. The difficulties of newspapers which deliberately set out to falsify the facts about a public body or a public oc currence are not decreased when the thing they said was to happen does not happen. When the Czar calls out his 8,000, 000 territorial reserves he will prob abjy arm them with about 8000 rifles and about two cartridges apiece. Their chief use will be to get in the way and compel the Germans to burn up am munition. Mr. Bryan's 1,000,000 men who would "spring to arms" between sunrise and sunset would have about as many arms and would be of as little use. The unprecedented demand for "chickenfeed" during the last of met was coincident with the consumption of ice cream cones. Sum great The statement is made on authority that four the product of one cow In thirty goes. Into the manufacture of th e de- lectable confection. It is all very well for Dr. Hlnson to advise women to marry real men, but sometimes it is not easy, from surface indications, to distinguish the imita tion from the genuine. Then, too, the real men may turn the tables and wish to assure themselves of marrying real women. Germany and Britain each serenade Bulgaria with the song: "I need thee, oh! I need thee," and the callous maiden refuses to throw herself away on either of them. The dollar will go farther here Thursday than it has since George Washington made the historic throw across the famous gulch in Virginia. If Dr. Hillis' congregation is made of the right stuff it will hold him in higher esteem after his confession of blighted ambition than before. San Francisco saw no bad luck In the 13,000,000 attendance at the fair. If there were, it would soon be elimi nated by further hosts. . It was entirely in his line for the powderman at Tacoma who would commit suicide to blow off his head with dynamite. Is President Wilson promoting an other revolution In Mexico for the purpose of eliminating the flamboy ant Carranza? Remembering Von Hindenburgs Tannenberg trap, the Russians grow wary and are not easily caught again. All the U boats will be keen to see that new British superdreadnought Barham just going into commission. The big leagues might as well ac cept the Federals challenge and add to the money pile. Standard Oil having looked after our lights, now desires to attend to our livers. Dr. Hillis is like other men, only more prominent, who play the game. The more Dr. Dumba explains, the more he spatters himself with ink. Vesuvius, Aetna and Stromboll are suggesting to Italy to do something. A. half-million more Russian pris oners will not bother Germany. , Tlje United States can take a mort gage on the earth, if need be. Dumba will sail in a week, never to return. European War Primer By National Geographical Society. Central Russia, which lies just before the advancing German lines, was the cradle of the Empire, the seat of the Great Russians, and it Is today the heart of the greatest state where are the largest cities of the Slavs and the historic places dearest to the patriots devoted to pan-Slavism. Notwith standing Kiefs claim to recognition as the 'mother of Russian cities,' it Is to the story "of the sturdy Great Russian stock that one must turn to learn the details of the Empire's building. The Muscovite, or-Great Russian, freed the land from the Tartar yoke; subdued many neighboring nations; and, as a good colonizer, peopled the length and breadth of his possessions with his stock. Russian history, from the 14th cen tury, centers around "white-stoned" Moscow, and from this center succes sive swarms of colonists and pioneers have Bought homes in the northern forests, in the fertile southlands, and in far Siberia. Prolific, persevering, with astounding reserves of recupera tive power, the Muscovites have im pressed their government, their faith, their language, and they, lone of the Slavonians, have created an enduring world power. Today the Great Russians number far more than the White and Little Russians combined, and the Muscovite pioneer carries Great Rus sia with him wherever he goes. The original of the Great Russian Is found In the basin, of the River Oka, which Joins the Volga at Nishni Novogorod. Here is the most developed and most populous district In all the Empire. Central Russia Is a vast plain, op pressive In its horizons, its sameness of coloring, and in the monotony of its life. It Is crossed by great, sluggish rivers, with red banks. Its fields reach to the horizon lines, unfenced, vivid green in Spring, greyish-brown in Summer, and unbroken white in Winter. Its forests are of birch and pine. Its villages are all alike, and all the houses in a village are alike. A village is a straight, abominable street, two rows of houses, a white orthodox church, and a signpost with the name of the place and its number of "souls." In the street are pigs, geese, garbage and fair-haired children. The huts are simple, and are filled to one-fourth their area by monster white stoves, the first aids to Russian life, in whose ovens the peasants bake and take steam baths, and upon whose upper surface they sleep in Winter. Although an important manufacture has grown up in Central Russian cities, as in Moscow and Tver, the Great Rus sians are still primarily an agricultural people. The first choice of the Slav Is the working of land. In Summer, he and his family work barefoot in the fields; In Winter, he banks his hut with earth and straw halfway to the windows, hermetically seals it. and passes an idle, suffocating season in company with his stove, his cattle and his fowl. There is little wonder that his homA l irAnA..n . . . The peasants are capable of tremendous '6'' "'""5", as a rule, they do not over-rate time's value. They have many delightful virtues, but coupled "if- ar,ave tendncy to be dishonest. --' (ili.ui uiii to a candid and reckless proverb of their V " "i ""l" nrist and he would lr nis hands were not nailed to the cross. In this connection It is only if s7,l0te that tho Peasa"t regards It almost as a righteous thins to "convey" from the state or from an owner of the upper classes. 7-h Jeasants Possess an infinite ap- receiving, though thankful ness Is not a i ... Tl,,v " ""& aiming mem. It7a? e.?t' hospitable and h-j ViT '"-'-'liJ. ana, on the other hand, they am hnw. .i. - V . ir. trUth "d improvide"! fiuvem; "neat your wife like your fur k v. r. lle f1'' "0-v.r-. Grekl hy0me Probably: than in T andle clvriitfcfn"3""''111 the'r "s'emo? civilisation. When not drunk the tion of vodka, he of Un-an. in TiV ful passions, becoming elemental and dangerous It is upon these peasants must fall. the fatherland RACE OP WEAKLINGS OCR. KATE School. o Turn Ost Mollycoddle- If Pmc nk.j Prevail. tor??RTLAN1?', Sept" 20 To the Edi tor.) An article in The Oregonian stat ng that a Miss I)e Graff. Principal or the Kenton Public School, Ll3 elim inated the practice of children march ing in and out of her school owing to mm. WHt"!JhCr Part of Inculcating militaristic Ideas into the minds of her pupils should arouse the -ndigatlon of every true American. Ti!,en tenchcr 'n our public schools of their own volition assume so far as to force their individual opinions on the plastic minds committed to their care it Is time that the School Board, to whom is Intrusted the guardianship of our children, remove such misfits from the positions thev hoM A natural sequence in the perverted mind of this self-appointed seeker for "peace at any price" would be, and doubtless will, if not restrained, to bar and abolish the use of the American flag as an emblem in our schools be cause it has waved triumphantly over so many victorious battlefields in the past. The man or the nation hn win not fight for their rights is nothing uui a supine, oiooaiess jellyfish, fit only to be trampled under the feet of all In contempt and derision. We want our children, first and fore most, to be men and women. To tell a boy that, right or wrong, his country should not go to war; that If slapped he should turn the other cheek to the aggressor; that non-resistance Is al ways correct, is to build up a race of cowards, perverts Rnd weaklings. Our ancestors left England to avoid religious persecution, but the trials and troubles in New England made men of them, and we should not ruin that manhood now by allowing the per verted and vicious vagaries of some eccentric woman to corrupt them In their youth. Idiotic and destructive ideas like this of Miss Pe Graff should be proselyted in private, not in public. Humanity and human nature are as they were countless generations ago. Deliver us from the reforms of reformers, the legislation of legislators, and let us. once for all, admit that forms and laws cannot change mankinc, and but tend to make hypocrites of s all. GAY LOMBARD. REVERIES." When twilight brings its hours. Of memories sweet and sad Of days of love and flowers; Of Joys forever dead. Tls then our hearts do quiver. With pain for those we miss The future brings a shiver. Gone all hope of bliss. Gone the lovely Springtime, With romance in the air: Gone those sweet Illusions When the -world seems so fair. For youth is like a sunbeam Its stay is short and sweet, A kiss, a sigh a joy sublime; Again we never meet. And all that's left of a lifetime. Is vouth's sweet memories. Forever gone the Springtime Leaving naught but reveries. , : AJN.NA. UULD., Sl'XDAY LAW IS STILL ON BOOKS General Repeal Act of IS 64 Coold Xot Apply to It, Arpnes Lawyer. M'MIXNVILLE, Or., Sept. 19 (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian you publish an interview with Judge Holmes, of Tillamook, concerning our Sunday law, and Judge Holmes is re ported as saying that the Sunday law was repealed in 1864. He refers to the decision of a Salem Circuit Judge so holding. In this interview Judge Hdtmes says that the Sunday law was handed down from territorial days and included in our criminal code on Octo ber 19, 186-1. He says that the Leg islature, two da-3 after tho adoption of our criminal code, repealed the Sun day law contained therein and he quotes the section of the repealing act which ho says repealed the Sunday law and this repealing section con tains tho following: "That all statutes of a general na ture passed or ln force before the com mencement of the session, commencing September 8. A. D. 1862, except those enumerated and mentioned in the next section, be and they are hereby re pealed." v It will be seen that this repealing section has no reference whatever to any laws except those passsed or in force prior to. Setpember 8. 1862. It did not repeal, and it was not intended to repeal, any laws passed since 1862. Whether the Territory of Oregon had a Sunday law similar to the law passed in 1864 is immaterial. The Legislative Assembly on October 19, 1864. passed an act entitled "An act to provide a code of criminal pro cedure and to define crimes and their punishment." This act was Intended to cover all crimes that should be pun ishabls when it should take effect and, by the terms of section 721 thereof, it took effect on May 1, 1865. It created a complete criminal code and contained 721 sections. It passed both houses and was approved by the Governor. It was in all respects a valid act. Section 652 of said act is the Sunday law re ferred to by Judge Holmes and which he says was repealed by an act passed two days later. Now, it certainly can not bo reasonably claimed that, when the Legislature enacted a criminal code, it could not by the act creating the criminal code adopt a section re lating to the doing of business on Sun days, even though the territory may have had a similar provision. Hence I conclude that section 652 of the crim inal code, adopted in 1864, was valid. The fact that some or even all of its provisions may have been in a terri torial act could not have affected its validity. Two days after the Legislature passed tho act creating the criminal code, as abpve stated, it passsed a re pealing act, which, according to Judge Holmes, repealed all statutes of a gen eral nature that had been passed or were In force before the commencement of the session of the Legislative As sembly that convened on September (. 1862. except such acts as were men tioned in a subsequent section of said repealing act. It is certain that said repealing section did not repeal and was not intended te affect any act of the Legislature that was passed after September 8, 1862. Its language re stricts its effect to acts passed prior to that date. Therefore, can it be reasonably contended that it repealed an act passsed October 19, 1864? If it can. then plain language is meaning less. On October 19. 1864. the Legis lature passsed ftie criminal code, in cluding the Sunday provision, and two days later repealed laws passsed prior to September 8, 1862, and it is claimed that such repeal reached the act passed in 1864, because the latter act contained a Sunday provision like the one in force in territorial days. The criminal code passed In 1864 contained provisions relating to lar ceny, burglary, arson, rape and mur der and the territorial laws contained provisions to the same crimes and, if Judge Holmes' contention is valid as to the Sunday law, the same kind of reasoning might invalidate our code provisions relating to those crimes. Judge Holmes says that Judge Gal loway sustained the point that he is now making and held the Sunday act invalid. I hope that he is in error to to Judge Galloway. I believe that Judge Holmes' contention is without substantial foundation. The Sunday law passed in 1864 Is not the same as our present law on that subject. That law has been amended once or twice since 1864. In its original form and as since amend ed it has passed the Legislature twice. If not three times. That ought to satisfy Judge Holmes. AMICUS CURIAE. MAKE LEGISLATION CI TO DATE Onp-I)ar-Hrt-ln-SrVfn Act Is Better Than Sunday I. aw. PORTLAND. Sept. 20. (To the Ed itor.) Your editorial. "Now What?" will meet with the approval of all per sons who realize the utter "absurdity." as you phrase it. of the old Sunday or Sabbath legislation to meet the needs of modern life. How to meet those needs by nrovid ing for the operation of Industries that must be continuous and at the same time give the workers required time for rest and recreation once a week may not be so patent. Believing that ihe Oregonian and its readers are in favor of some rational way of provid ing, as far- as possible, for such rest and opportunity for recreation for each person. I am taking the liberty of call ing your attention to the enclosed standard bill providing for the needs of the worker, the necessities of mod ern business and the legitimate desire for recreation by giving "oie day of rest in seven." A bill based upon this stjndard form was Introduced Into the last Legislature but failed of passage. If that, or some similar piece of mod ern legislation were now on our stat utes we would not be called upon to contemplate "What Next?" as the logi cal result of the "decision of the Su preme Court upon the meaning of our ancient Sabbath law which, because It is an anachronism, protects neither the worker nor the day in an effective manner. Would not the answer to your edi torial question "Now What?" be best made by bringing our legislation up to date? FREDERIC K. HOWARD. PRODUCE OT FRESH FROM KAItM Mr. Duncan Aerta Public Market Sella Tons From Other States. ' PORTLAND. Sept. 20. (To the Ed itor.) Please allow me ;pace in The Oregonian to suggest to those dear people who believe they are getting produce "fresh from the farm" at the public market an early morning stroll along Front street. Let .them go at about 5 o'clock in the morning. There, if they will but keep their eyes open, they will see a day's supply of stock for the public market emerging from the filthy base ments of that waterfront street. If they will forego the theater one night and spend it investigating the condi tions of those basements they will not only learn Just how fresh the produce is, but they will form the acquaintance of the fattest rats they ever met or overtook in their lives. Yet a grocer must cover his produce. And we try to keep dogs out of our stores. From producer to consumer? Nothing is farther from the truth. One Portland commission house sells thou sands of dollars worth of produce on the market. Tons of It come here from California and Washington and are handled by one firm. As I was saying, let them take an early morning walk along ' Front street and see those industrious mar ket tenants bringing the daily supply from the rat-infested basements. ROBERT G. DUNCAN, Manager Portland Orocera", and Mer chants' Association. wenty-Five Years Ago From The Oregonian of September 21. 1S9U. Constantinople. Sept. 20. The official report of the loss of the British Man-of-war. Ertogoul, says 587 persons wero drowned and 66 saved. New York. Sept. . 20. The statue of Horace Greeley, at the Tribune en trance, was unveiled today by Gabrielle Greeley, in the presence of a vast crowd. Ohauncey M. Depew made tho chief speech. Sofia. Sept. 20. Tho overflow of tho Martiza River was attended by a great loss of life. Fully 100 peasants wero drowned and at Mustapha 100 Turkish soldiers perished in the flood. Articles incorporating the ' Wait Roberts Company were yesterday iiloil with the County Clerk by Charles N. Wait, W. W. Roberts. Ed D. Curtis and G. W. Ross, with a capital of 110.000. The object of the company is to carry on a general real estate and insurance business. i Buffalo. Sept. 20. BuTington's men had nr. easy time of it today. In spito of their 'errors, and by the batting Cunningham had in the fourth and eighth innings won almost without a struggle. Scoro: Boston 5. Philadel phia 13. S-n Jose, Cal., Sept. 20. The Repub lican convention of the Fifth Congres sional district met at tho Vendoma this afternoon and by acclamation declared James D. Byrne, of San Mateo, candi date for Congress. Boise City. Sept. 20. President Rich and Bisiiop Donelson, Mormon digni taries, were arrested by a United States Marshal on a charge of conspir acy in advising Mormons to violate the election laws two years ago. It is stated other arrests will follow. Berlin, Sept. 20. After a grand pa rade of troops near Eicholz this morn ing the Emperors William and Franz Joseph parted with embracing anil kissing, after complimentary speeches on both sides and much cheering by their retainers. Emperor William thanked Emperor Francis Joseph and the King of Saxony for attending the maneuvers and said he hoped what they had seen had convinced them that the army remained as efficient under his leadership as it was under Emperor Wlllian. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of September -1, lSt5. New York, Sept. 17. The Herald's Charleston's correspondent says that in consequence of the trouble between planters and f reedmen the former complaining of disregard of contracts on the part of the latter, the negroes charging the employers with injustice and cruel treatment. General Berma. temporarily in command of the Chares ton district, has issued an order re quiring all whites and blacks to give up all the arms in their possession. The old pro-slavery and secession spirit was expected to show itself in tho state convention. Some of tho delegates were congratulating them selves in the belief that slavery was not yet dead. "Alas the frailty of human calcula tions." Our pleasant days were badly interrupted yesterday by a visitation from the clouds of heavy drops of rain. Montgomery. Sept. 13. A vote vh3 taken this morning in the convention and it was decided. 58 to 84, against the repudiation of the Confederate state debt. The Sierra Nevada will be the last steamship, at least for some time, leaving this port for San Francisco via Victoria. On the arrival of the Active from below all steamers will run di rect from and to San Francisco and Portland, the Victoria trade being loft wholly to the Active. Snperintendent Haines arrived from the North a few days since and yester day proceeded to lay a submarine tele graph cable acrotis the river at this city, to take the place of the wire at present suspended from the mast be low the gas works. New York, Sept. 16. The Tribune's Wushington special dispatch says somi of the original planters are directing attention to the importation of foreign laborers to conduct the Department of Agriculture. A penUeman in Char lotte, North Carolina, has introduced 22 Swedes as laborers, who have proved patient, industrious and enerjret ie. but some apprehensions are entertained lest the climate so far south may op erate unfavorably on their health. IT'S BOTH SAFE AXU DF.SERY1XO Streetcar Should He Preferred toJltnej", Says Writer PORTLAND. Sept. 20. (To the Edi tor.) With sunrise regularity the papers continue to record jitney acci dents. Evidently, peoplo who ride in them take long chances, and when they get broken arms, legs or serious in ternal injuries, followed by long suf fering and expense, they can blame no one but themselves. They assume both bodily riskand Insurance: for from Jitney no damages can be recovered. They give no bonds, are subject to no regulation, pay no license. When busi ness is good they rurk. when fares are few they quit a law unto themselves. In comparison with the number of passengers carried by the streetcar company. Jitney accidents are 1000 to 1. An accident on the streetcar, if not through your own negligence (and often when it is), brings prompt and adequate compensation. The system i3 one of the best, its convenience wide spread, its employes much above the average in efficiency and courtesy. It must run its cars on schedule whether there are passengers or not; pays enormous taxes, helps to pave and maintain streets it operates upon; nnd by all that is Just and right, even if the traveling public's interest in the matter of self-protection did not sug gest it. the streetcar company de serves our patronage. C. H. SHOLES. LET ALL GET IX OX PEACE PLAN Writer Would Enlarge Lafe Young's Suggestion About Germans. PORTLAND, Sept. 20. (To the Ed itor.) Ex-Senator Young's suggestion that German-Americans write to the Emperor of Germany pleading for peace and telling him that they would fight for the United States in case of a war with Germany is a good one. capa ble of enlargement and possibly of shortening the war. Kindly permit me to suggest to Mr. Young through your columns that he launch such a campaign in connection with his ad dress on Monday evening. But to be effective such a campaign should include Austro-Americans, Bel gian - Americans. British - Americans. French-Americans, Russian Americans, in fact all whose mother country is at war. If these Americans of foreign de scent would each write an urgent ap peal to their respective home country, the rulers would surely pause and con sider. If The Oregonian and Des Moines Capital will launch and suc ceed with such a campaign they will earn the deepest gratitude of the en tire world and also make Portland ond Dest Moines, as well as these two pa pers, world renowned. " O, M. HIRSC3L