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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 24, 1915)
t g . Tin: MOKxryo oKEGoyiAX. Tuesday, august 24, 1915. (ttH st t-aaiiaaa). Oaaea, Foria a ea4..aaa aa;;f . - jLeuaa iarta: Ib Mil il MaiLi 1 ln.! V. -44'i-t. e-a ..-ee A I I J 11 , vu e aaa J-r , Ofitent 4a4i. 1 mjitf) . vt-iiiidl !luaJt. tire 1 . VJiCAaut MJ4. M . . n Tr .............. . .1 e-Ta-iaa. ana J Mw I fc. a ft fa!'a, i'1t la-iwUtt. aar ........ X- i. KUf. tM4444 aatk ...... , cata ae ' - Rd-r a fa 1. tn.:.it.;iR civo ir aaa aiaia. 11 to 14 P -- 1 "m,:." i- ij ' aaaee. . 'U : "" : : t . S3 !). tat. a.s 1 ma DffUn Vr tla, Hr a-m ew T-wa: 4 r4.lM. r lll:t C6.'-; " niaMtlu. Kw J. ii-leeU, It. ar- ecreat. KTU1D. TX rJ-t. Al.tT fa. Mr. Taft baa undergone a mrtamur thopi. The people did not under stand Mr. Taft aji prwHnt. probably brue hi purpose and actions were mLlctrrprted to them by powerful aatannialU: voice Which had the tubiio tar. Mr. Taft did not thn appaar lo bav the faculty of getting la tuna with the reoplc. Hut now the real Taft 1 revealed lo the worl.i: and ho haa done tt ail himself. Probably It U because he l.a free from the rrstruir.ta of hUh efftc4. and apak for htmaclf only, out of a full mind and a rtpa xpri enca. It U unqurtlonably the truth that ho haa drtached himself entirety from any political movement, or frm n ihouaht of personal ambition and he pea It a what ha thlnka and a-ofs where he plcaaes. and doea ex actly what he Ukea to d. all In hl own free wav and all with a due I peel t hu dutla aa a citizen and tha ob;iKitiuns and proprieliea that leet up"n him aa an ex-prealdent. If ITeatiieot Taft wa denied place In the public affection. Mr. Taft haa found It. Ther La a bond of Teal avmoathr between him and the Am.rlcan public. It U became Mr. Teft la frnulnety himself a reat cltnen. ttr l:ty IdraLa. and well coajt'lered opinions, and the courace and ability t pra thejn. 111 tmr.R.U WltM Kit. Kuasl' Io tf Kig.. Vilna and Breat-Litovak belca; already amonc the early p.tbt!tne. the question arises how far can the Uermana aareiy con' ttniie their advance Intct lha heart of Huia. When this question la raised, memories of N-ipolron'a retreat from Moscow ar Inevitably recalled, and tha su stion is made that the Ger mans micht meet disaster similar to tils. But con.lltlons now are radlcatly dif ferent frura those which prevailed In H1I. To beitln lth. the German have welt-dUclpllned troops of their own nationality whoa hearts are. In the causa and who are flushed with a aerie of cttrie. Only one-third of .Napoleon's army w.ts French, the ether two-ihtrle betnr anwilllnc con tineents drawn from the countries he had conquered. Napoleon had to de pend on horses lo carry supplies, and early In his advance dle4ea swept a,4ay a Utrce proportion of them. Hta Intellectual powers were beflnntnc to fall, and hi plana wera foiled by his failure to drive his General to that out. kn-.-j! of movement which had been a main element In hi succe-wrs. Of the battle of Porodtno the Kncy elpdta llrltarnlca fa): Till abot a.i-1'tar ha f -lloar lha eouraa f tna a.-ti.'O !' M a.rtaaa. Ihott tm a-'laar t- fcava t a aaavxfna lt a tt-"4 t an.t a..tfa4 ha niarabaie to liabl 7 Iwmjvittt. The camr-ai.cn was so badty conduct ed that when the army reached Vi tebsk, halfway to Moscow. It had al ready lost one-third of Its strenKth. fcvery attempt to cut off the IJuselan armies failed and they hung on the French flank, harassinic the Invaders but avoid ins; pitched battles. The army waa alr.'avly tlemxrallxed before the re treat ban. and' the Hrttannlca at tribute It subsequent dln-isters to "utter want of march discipline" and not to "climatic condltlona." The re treat havin bearun after a French de feat on October H. that authority says: ActraMy tt;a fret caitia Uur than ttatjal that .r. tsrt.rf-r CT. an.t Int weather aa a.y a-.l bra-tn. a.'t tilt N-wtm -r S il-l t.ta r at atant b.-ma liiarp Kv ajbaa ta Ita'-aina a r-a.-h-l n ,omt4r S'k 1a c..l ia fr frum arra. t.r tiia Uar and luh iir.im aaa not frjn 4r. a la preaU frr t.-a fa-t that r a l-wnfri 4ra-l tn l'ia aatar a:l Ihrauah thai tarr;..;a la'. I'it tha yrrnoh arm a aa at la.ir r.jint''a'.i put ? hanl. and tha dr-Si-a la hl- h irt panic S a cro4 eta maarar an lha tr"n-'at IwatlPMM of tha ln.u.Uk ta aaua l. tha c-r.l u. t t lha ftaai'lta h rrv!H oar l.a trilia. tr-Jira hm.traU ndarf..C WM;jt all tha r. ner waa i.i tr.lau:a. ana lr:."inta.l mtt ro.1- MckjrJt H1 forwafia a rnaa it. Contract this, story with the modern mean of communication and the ad mirable tem of btinarlnc up supplies at the command of the Germans, as shown by the foltowlr.e; Interview with General von Ituclow: In time whan a rallwaa la fcelrc bvtlt a rr' a hahui't t.ta a4taatirt lulvi. w haa aEha:t ri'a.ia mw. aa It a are. out of lha eart.i. wh-tt tho-oaanta wt Bi.itoe locnea ara r.nM hh;n-l ua. r ai.'h airatee art ba afraclaa. Tha bread, whtrh evir aoi.tl-ra eat l.!ar at WmUai a a baM In P' u yaa-trf-ae. W a drinW t'errr.an mineral l'f mr-i eat freart maat tlirert rr m li-rlta. and can bai:4 a ra4 It r.caaaarj Jlflr ml. a Ivnf In t U . oa w haa m-an pt r .nnurkaiLoft ba a mu Improvad II la RfNlM tn araak af tha lae aad atratev 'f Ntpilrwa, When the Kuaatans are clear of the eul de sac formed by Toland between Fast t'ruaala and Gallcta and ara In thair main terrttcry. they may be able to make a better stand aralnat the in vadem. If the latter extend their lines r.crthward ar.d southward, they may t capped t- local mishap from ar mies advancln from remote regions, but aeroplanes can rive warnlnf of such attacks and the railroad which the German build as they advance wilt enable them to reinforce any dan ger point. The aJvance may be slow ard deliberate, but the German course in far Indicate that the occupation of the country and the protection of fanka an.1 of communications will be thorouih. If t liiwuri fltht aa t.ey re-.reat. If they rain time to or caciae new armies and to brine up f Tea ri artillerv. ammunition and par twu'.arlT aircraft, to their aid. and If t!e allies be tin such a morous ofTen-s-ve In the wewt and south aa to cause eMverston of Grman troop, they may t able to stop the advance and to re sjme the offenaive. But e are not 1 KtTy to see a repetition of the over aahs'mlrc d.ter which befetl Napo leon In I'll . GTe Fitch, the writer, who d.ed t other dat. U reaplrs; a little- of fie p.-na;komou lorr tt-at oaually rniH t writers who have conttib-tita-J har.e.r tf rot aerfnu thonfht to ts readirt world- Newspaper edl-e tors aad maraaine writers, not to men. Uon contrtbotora. ara pavsstnt; prale upon tha author of tha tUwasn storlea and other noted bit of American hu mor. In fcla home. Peoria. III.. Mr. Fitch waa mora than a newspaper ed itor and funny man; be waa a legis lator and active In public affairs of different aorta. Many who knee blm lean Intimately, however, will remain bar blm aa a writer of natural atyla with tv clean and human appeal. rrATK-s good ortxiox. T a im. ma m mOTw aewapapaTe puM 'ahed ewtefcne af pvatk CoaMttv aew appiaaaj la tea ibr.a'.eae4 ra.a.1 la k Cooau. A reader ad aal ba ary iBteiiarlual la datarmlee that aeartv all af them ara aps-ai.d In tha r-. a M aajr lima W aaiBbUa Ia4epam4eac atBllac. Tha people of Polk County of course; will conduct their affairs to suit themselves: but Is It a matter of bo moment to them that twoacore or more newspapers have mora than a caaaiDC Interest In them and are unanimous In the opinion that the thing which soma people In that coun ty desire to do ought pot to be done? It la tha opinion of The uregonian that no recall of a public officer. elected by tha suffrage of tha peo ple. Is justified, except for grave rea sons of public policy. Undoubtedly. proven dishonesty warrants the recall. or notorious moral delinquencies: or demonstrated Incompetency affecting vitally tha public Interests; or preju dicial favoritism for one or another Interest. But It la foolish to recall, or attempt to recall, any public official over any question of mere administra tive detail. That Is what most at tempted recalla are. except those other recalls which are Inspired by motives of personal revenge or factional, sec tional, or political resentment. Polk County ought not to be insen sible to the fact that the people of Oregon aa a rule rejoice greatly when a recall, anywhere within a city or county, fall. MAX'S STRIFE WITH NATt RK. In view of the new disaster at Gal veston some of our contemporaries are expressing surprise that the people of that city should have returned to their homes and rebuilt their stores after the terrible experience of IS years ago. In the great storm tOOO lives were lost and property beyond computation swept away, btill hope prevailed over despair. A great sea wall was built to keep out the devour ing waves, a reformed city government was supposed to reinforce the provi sions against destructive nature, and for a time all went well. But now the old experience I repeated. Na ture scorns tha feeble efforts of man to withstand her power at Galveston, as elsewhere. We may predlclt. how ever, that no disaster, be It ever so terrible, will cause the people of Gal veston to fon-aka their city. They will return again and again, continu ally believing, or trying to believe, that for the future all will go well. v hen San Francisco was laid low by earth quake and fire It was predicted by soma that the site of tha city wouiq be abandoned, but liuitcad of that the fallen edifices were rebuilt on a grander scale and 8an Francisco now alts smilingly and confident for wnat the future may bring forth. The cities and towna around the base of Mount Vesuvius have been dev. astated by volcanic fires a hun dred times. But over the graves of their dead retatlvea the peasunls erect new cottages and till the fields where he ashen strata have written the his- torv of ruin century after century. Na ture has hsrdly succeeded yet In driv ing man from any abode whore he hu lived long enough to form a home ana rear a family. It is said by historians that the secular drying up of the re gions of western and central Asia caused great migrations in former centuries. If they are right nbout it climate seems lo be more effectual nan volcanoes, storms and earth quakes. It 1 certain that the pro rrrsslve descent of the great glacial ap to the southward at about tne line when man first appeared on earth drove him and all other living creatures out of their ancient haunts and forced all lire to seek warmth and food In the tropics. As long as tha soil and climate of a-tven region afford sustenance to man he will continue to dwell there and take whatever risks nature may Impose upon him for the privilege. Every advantageous business site nas been Inhabited until the course oi trade turned population elsewhere. Dollars ran outdo nature many times over In directing the tides of popula tion. We may rest perfectly conn- dent that no storms from the Gulf and no loss of life or property will cause Galveston to be forsaken. As long as It remains a good site for busi ness It will ba a great and growing city. In time the works or man will probably stand firm against the onset of nature's wrath and the place will become as safe as it Is desirable In other ways. SNAKES. A Pennsylvania physician. Dr. A. Surface, has rashly offered a hundred dollars to sny person who can prove that there 1 such a thing as a hoop nakr. Years ago we could easily have won that hundred dollars, for we knew many a boy of unblemished truthful ness a ho had seen hoop snakes rolling along the road. The reptiles, as every body knows, were supplied with deadly venom. When they ran Into a person It was always with the head, and the blow was fatal. Cures had been tried by the hundred, but they were all of no use. Everybody struck by a hoop snake dies, and that Is the end of It. Big trees are also pointed out by the learned which have been blighted. like the tig tree In the Bible, by mere con tact with a hoop snake. Boys In all parts of the country are perfectly fa miliar with the ways and looks of thta venomoua reptile, though It Is only the luckiest who have been favored to see one. The glass snake Is another dead ly creature whose existence the skep tical Dr. Surface probably questions, though there are tons of evidence for it. It Is useless to try to prove anything to some people. They acquire the habit of doubting at school or In the ctssectir.g room ar.d never can break themselves of It- One of our esteemed contemporaries has a subscriber who brought a piece of a glass snake Into the omce the other day. It wa picked up after the repttle had been shattered by a blow and before It could reunite with the rt and run down a hole. The hair snake 1 another curiosity of natural history familiar to boya. It Is produced In warm, shallow pools. Tou throw In a horsehair and let It lis for ten days. At the end of that time you will find It changed Into a snake. Such transformations are frequent In com mon life, much aa they are ridiculed by silence. For Instance, did you ever notice the water which Is alwavs found at the bottom of a cask of gao!tr.e? Tou might Imagine that it was mixed with the gasoline In tha first place and had gradually settled to the bottom, but that isn't so. The truth Is that gasoline has a bad habit of turning Into water, and will always do so if you let it stand even a little while. We have not noticed any water turn ing Into gasoline yet. but probably It would if It stood long enough. Per- hap soma of our readers hare wit nessed this latter miracle. If they have, will they kindly favor Tbs Ore gon tan with an account of it? The lore of snakes, to return to our subiect. Is far mora extensive and ex citing than dull scientists ara disposed to admit. The most Interesting mem bers of the family, such as sea ser pents and snakes that live In boots, they have never discovered at alL But one would have supposed that, with all their blindness, they would have observed by this time and described In their books the snake In the grass. They never have, however. Science Is very proud of Its achievements, even haughty sometimes, but compared with what every boy knows about snakes, its knowledge 1 ridiculously limited. VtHKKS TAUEXT FAIL. Tha Ideal Is not always desirable hen It Is unmixed with the practical. Like ground so rich that the plant goes sll to wonderful foliage and little or none to fruit or bulb, la the man today who converts his talents too much In one direction. The business man of today Is paying his specialist a high wage not alone because he is a specialist In any one line, but because he Is a specialist In one line, with nis penectea taienis leavened with a certain amount of common sense and practical acumen. The salesman who can sell thou sands of dollars' worth of stuff a year because he Is a good mixer, a fluent talker and a thorough believer in his wares, but who spends exorbitant sums In so doing. Is little or no better than the man who sells less at proportionate expense. One meets every day the painter. orator, lawyer or agent who Is brilliant along one line of endeavor. Yet he lives In a garret, eats sparingly, wears shabby clothes and is often out of work. On the other hand, his appar ently less-talented coworker .Is always eating, wears good clothes ana is al ways at work. It Is sare to say tne Ideally accomplished worker of the two Is less happy. Hypnotists and psychologists nnd the majority of us unevenly balanced. Those of us who are not, they say, are mere slicks. The happy and fortunate one is he who is unevenly osianccu when It comes to talent and sagacity, but who carries a ballast of common sense with which to keep on an even keel while pursuing the stormy sea of a workaday life. IS FKAt g XOW POSMBLE? All the world is discussing proposal of peace to Kusala. evidently emanating from Germany. The latter country has replied to the Pope's plea for peace that It Is ready to connlder overtures from the enemy, on wnai lerma would each of the two parties make peace at this time, and Is It probable or even possible that they can be brought Into agreement : The overtures said to have been made by Germany through the King of Denmark were addressed to Russia alone. Their motive Is. obvious to detach one member from the quad ruple alliance in order to leave the Austro-German armies free to combat the other three. To accomplish this end. Germany and Austria' could afford to be generous. They could take the Cxar at his word as to auton omy for Poland, could Join him In restoring the Pollh kingdom to con sist of Russian Poland. Qallcla and some parts of Polish Russia and could restore all the conquered territory on the Baltic. Would Russia accept these terms? Russia has been defeated in war be fore, but has never ceded territory. In ISO 7 Napoleon defeated Alexan der I. but was glad to make him an ally. In 1812, when Napoleon was in Moscow, he made proposals of peace w hich meant division of the world De tween France and Russia, but they were rejected. Russia was beaten In the Crimean War. but lost no terri tory thereby. Beaten again In Man churia. Russia only gave up what was never Russia's. That nation has never In recent times ceded territory after defeat, but has suffered only checks to aggrandizement. What would be the consequences to Russia If the Czar now made peace? Enmity of her present allies, with whom she would break faith and whom the Muscovite Empire would abandon to their fate In a war which Russia began. France entered It to help Russia and Britain to help both, using Belgium as a good pretext for doing what vital Interest prompted. Abandonment of position as pro tector of the Slav race and of the Balkan states In particular, to protect one of which Serbia Russia began the war and which state would in that case be left open to the vengeance of Austria. Loss of hope that Constantinople and the gateway to the warm sea would become Russia's, when F"rance and Britain are fighting to present it to her. Should Russia desert the Western powers and should they con tinue and win the war without her, they would dispose of the Dardanelles and Constantinople on such terms as would forever close that gateway to her and they would partition Turkey among themselves and any of the Balkan states which Join them, block, lng Russian advance southward. There ara two conditions under which Russia might make peace at this time. One Is the capture or destruction of tha field armies and impotence to organise hew ones in time to stop complete subjugation. The other is that the Slav empire might go over bodily to the side of the Teutons and form an alliance with them. The conflict of Interests and ambitions Is such that the latter con tingency may be dismissed as impossi ble. As to the former, it may happen, but each day's events reduces Its prob ability. The army Is not caught In the Wsrsaw trap and Is still fighting and In places repelling the enemy. If the Cxar. the Grand Dukes and the bureaucracy were Inclined to make peace, they would-have the Rus sian people to reckon with. for. as Samuel O. Bbthe explains In the Sat urday Evening Post, the people have made this their war and the Duma has taken In hand the provision of muni tions for the army. Any move for peace before Russia was hopelessly crushed would mean a revolution far more serious than that which followed the Manchurlan defeats. The gov erning class knows this and would not acknowledge fnal defeat by making peace until all hope was gone. (tome suggest that Russia may make peace In anger because her allies haws not done enough to relieve the pr sure upon her. France has been doing about all she can. and this complaint applies chiefly to Britain. But the latter 'has killed German ocean commerce, kept the sea open for the allies. Joined France In a war against Turkey, of which Russia will be the chief beneficiary in case it succeeds, and organized an army estimated at . 000. 000 men. which is now taking the field. Britain has been slow In providing war munitions, but Russia has been more so. If Russia were to abandon the allies, a contest of recriminations would ensue compared with which that following tha declarations of war would be uninteresting. But Germany's overtures may be Intended as the prelude to peace all around. . At present the Empire Is In a good position to make favorable terms of peace. The Kaiser can be generous, but still return to Berlin with great spoils. His armies occupy practically all of Poland ana t'our- land. nearly all of Belgium, one-twentieth of French territory. Including one-eleventh of French population. About 300 square miles of Alsace Is all the German territory occupied by the allies in Europe. As to the colo nies, all are lost except Camerun and East Africa, and these are In danger. but Germany could well afford to give up the richest of her colonlea.to gain Antwerp. Were Germany and Austria to offer the cession of Russian Poland, Gallcla and some of Prussian Poland to a new kingdom of Poland, the evac uation of all French territory, the ad mission of Belgium to the German federation as an autonomous state, the independence of Serbia and the free dom of the Dardanelles, in exchange for return of her colonies, with some material additions, she would consider j the offer generous. Should Germany add the restoration of Belgian Independence with a guar- anty of neutrality, these terms would about restore the condition prevailing before the war. and the allies might accept, but they would do so only for certain reasons closely resembling those of Germany. The latter coun try finds It has more enemies to fight than it can thoroughly defeat at one time. The allies find that Germany and Austria are amply ready, while among themselves France and Italy alone are yet fully equipped. Ger many may desire peace, but only for the purpose of making a new align ment of powers more favorable to her success In a future war. The allies may desire peace, but only that they may be better prepared for the next war. Peace would no sooner be made in the present situation than the arma ment race would be resumed with re newed frenxy. Britain would probably adoDt comDUlsory military service and would enlarge her navy. All of the allies would provide for manufacture of war munitions within their own borders on an Immense 'scale. Russia Is defeated, but not Anally beaten. France has definitely blocked further Invasion of the republic. Brit ain Is Just putting her new army in the field. Is Just beginning to produce munitions on the required scale, and Is Just beginning really to fight with all of the empire's great power. The two latter nations are on the aggressive against Turkey and have slowly gained ground at great cost, Italy is com paratively fresh in the fight and is making slow headway. On the other hand, Austria has won against Russia only when the bulk of .the Gorman army fought beside the Austrian le gions, and has suffered terrible losses. Germany haa lost one-third of her ef fective men. Turkey Is stubbornly fighting a losing battle, cut off from allies and from the supplies they might furnish. There is possibility of aid coming to the anti-Teuton allies, but not to the Teutons, from the Balkan States: the best the Teutons con hope is that those states will remain neu tral. These being the sentiments and pur poses of the nations at war and this being the present military situation, it is easy to conceive why Germany may have offered the olive branch of peace, but it is not easy to conceive why the enemies of Germany should accept it on any terms which Germany would grant. Japs In Seattle are forming labor unions, but they can not outstrip the individual Chinaman In standing for the minimum scale. The Celestial sets his price, and "no likee, no takee." The Japs have much to learn. Henry Ford would better stick to manufacturing and keep out of the campaign against "preparedness." His nroDosed tractor is Just the thing to vanlt a machine-gun around a battle field. George H. Himes, who has been keeping books in this country since the records were started, can tell of hotter days when people did not have the present-day aids to comfort. Somebody has stated the system re quires five pints of liquid a day to avoid rheumatism and other Ills. Now Is the time to stock up and keep the yearly average right. Another prosperous Oregon farmer who retired a year ago from active life has died. Transition from bard work to ease is bound to bring results. Great Britain Is now teaching Its recruits to cook. She has been a long time learning that the company cook Is the true patriot. Twenty-five deaths a day from starvation in Mexico City are just twenty-five too many on this Ameri can continent. The form of "legality" -observed by the party that lynched Frank did not contain the Important feature of poll ing the Jury. . Bondsmen of criminals who Jump their bail exhibit sublime nerve in asking for the forfeited money. The bar programme today does not Include "bowls of suds." though the weather Is more than favorable. A man or woman can be a perfect Christian and sprinkle out of hours and days. One of the showers that are swamp ing Missouri would be welcome here. In the midst of all the luncheons. Is Judge Taft getting a square meal? Who was It promised relief from this hot epell? A big' stump can make a lot of smoke. a"iA weathg tcie cook. mm awwaaawasssan wnwa - nJlVJE aTJ-Ca 1 sTa -Uij ' - - - I , European War Primer Br -National Geographical Soeiey. BUILT up around the deep pocket of the Kleler Foehrde, a narrow arm of the Baltic Sea that cuts it way back into the province of Hol atein, the old city of Kiel lies, well shielded from all hostile attack and fleet, either upon the open ocean or upon the inland sea. This ancient port city is headquarters for German sea strength, the first naval station of the empire, the point from which the or ders have been issued directing the duel between the ships of the Kaiser and the fleet of Britain. The great war-habor of Kiel is. one of the finest and roost powerfully pro tected harbors in the world. The sea arm, whose base is inclosed by the port, has a narrow entrance and a long, irregular surface. The entrance and the strategic points along the bank are heavily fortified. Fort Falkenstein and Fort Btosch guard the narrow, about JVi miles above the town. Flanking ttu; northern termination of the new Kiel suburbs, the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, a triumph of patience and engineering, cuts its way into the sheltered bay. Br means of this canal Kiel is in close communication with the North Sea, and units of the Kaiser's navy can be trans ferred rapidly and safely from the war theater of the open ocean to that of the Baltic The Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, or the Baltic shin canal, is the product of an idea which ripened through centuries. Projects for connecting the Baltic and North seas by a water route through the northern peninsula, which should avoid the dangerous voyage around Jutland, were considered spasmodically from 1300 on, but it remained to the military necessities of a great empire to bring about the realization of this advantageous waterway for trade. Any number of bashful beginnings of the projected way were made before the construction of the present canal was undertaken by the first German Em peror. Kaiser Wilhelm I laid the foun dation stone of the canal in 1SS7, and the costly avenue was formally de clared open by the present Emperor In 1895. The original canal has been ex tensively improved. The canal crosses the peninsula, from Holtenau, Just beyond the northern sub urbs of Kiel, to the Brunsbuettel, at the mouth of the Elbe, at sea level, the locks at either end merely serving to neutralize the tides. It is 60 miles long, with a depth of more than 30 feet and a width sufficient to pass the largest men-of-war. A steamer takes between eight and nine hours to pass through the canal, thus bringing the advance German naval base at Heli goland within easy reach of the Kiel headquarters. The whole way at night is lighted by electricity. The first cost of the Baltic ship canal was :t9,000. 000. Other millions have been expended In Its improvement. Regular steamer excursion service was maintained here before the war. but the voyage offered little of interest beside steep banks and here and there spiritless scenery. Great imperial decks, arsenals and navy-yards are located at Kiel, as are also Admiralty headquarters and the Imperial Naval Academy. Foreigners were not admitted to the docks and yards. Many thousands of visitors reg ularly attended the iKeler WOch (Kiel week), the great German regatta, held each year during the latter part of June. This regatta was an event of first Importance in the world of inter national sport, and yachts from all na tions interested in water sports were annually entered in its famous races. The yacht Hohenzollern, housing the Eniperor and the imperial family, builded each year the central point of the gay, rich, cosmopolitan throng of sportsmen. Kiel Is one of the oldest towns in Holsteln. The older parts of the town are badly built, having twisting, nar row, indifferently paved streets and be ing flanked by gnarled, time-tortured buildings. The new town, however, is filled with handsome structures, and Is well planned. The city has grown In every way, industrially, commercially, socially, artistically, since becoming naval headquarters for the empire and of the great sport event upon the Ger man sport calendar. I'TTEIIASICES THAT ARE TREASON Education of Xatarallzed titlxena Seen as Duty of Xevt-apnpera. ALBANY. Or.. Aug. 21 (To the Edi tor.) It occurs to me that the great daily newspapers of the United State's should at once by means of their edi torial columns, educate our foreign born population, especially those who have become naturalized or sworn al legiance to the United States, that It is their highest duty to remain loyal and faithful first and always to the Govern ment of the United States. My ances tors settled in North Carolina and in New York before the Revolutionary war, and helped to thrash the British red coats, and I naturally would protest against treasonable utterances made by people in this country against the United States. Why are people of for eign birth who have sworn allegiance to the United States permitted to gather together and denounce the Government of the United States, and openly de clare that If it came to a war between the United States and a country across the Atlantic that they will do all they can against the United States? Is this not high treason? Is there no person, tribunal or department where a loyal citizen may lodge complaint against such treasonable clttzens, and cause them to realize that the Government of their adoption the United States demands loyalty from her citizens foi the blessed privileges accorded to men in this country. I insist that my friends of foreign birth who have made all the property ever possessed by them in thiB land of the free, remember that citizens of this country should not fight for kings or emperors, nor plan what they will do against the United States if we should go to war with the nation of their birth. GEORGE WILLIAM WRIGHT. Germans Carried Array by Spirit. PORTLAND, Aug. 82. (To the Edi tor.) Having read the report of the money Germany spends, for the pur pose of influencing the American mind in a pro-German way, 1 give you a few interesting facts about it. Prior to the war, the Bohemian Athletic So. clety had a meet at the capital of Moravia, Brunn. Germans, in order to crush them, sent for all students avail able from Insbrunk, Vienna and other big towns. Some were paid their ex penses. They also hired a lot of hood lums to start a riot and did every condemnable trick. The police were on their side because the Courthouse is in the hand of such a ring there. They had sticks and clubs and yelled. some remarks being obscene, or at least, very Immoral. They tore the badges, worn by women and men from their coats simply be cause they wanted to predomi nate in that country which is not theirs by any means. You don't need to take my word for it. but get the news papers from Moravia, from June 27 to July 10. When the parade started, with about 20 bands, each club carried its banner - and the people shouted "Long Live Bohemia, etc." The Ger mans could not stand it any longer, and thev made such an anti-Bohemian demonstration that they broke all the glass In the well-known buildings. The State Gendarmes had to repulse the German side with their bayonets. SUBSCRIBER. Those Oseer Girls. Chicago Tribune. He When you accepted Mr. Much gold did you mention our engagement? She Of course not. We promised each other to keep it secret, didn't we? Jaka IV. Kllaarorth Sara We Blast Real lac Ve Fan Condition. PENDLETON. Or.. Aug. 21. (To the Editor.) The hue and cry about race betterment may be timely, but there are limitations to eugenics. Grover Cleveland's words apply in this matter. In that we face "a condition, .not a theory." There la no absolute perfection in all nature or the human race, and never can be. In that we can advance to a certain degree, or hold our own in human nerfection eocenics is useful. That's tha theory. The condition Is that we are all, more or less Imperfect "chil-. dren of the dust" Human passions, radical human frail tics, numberless blows by time and fate, mishaps in life produce an endless chain of perfect mprtals. All sorts and con ditions of men enjoy "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." and all are entitled to a place under the sun. Some folk assert we should not eat meat. The Bible outlines how meat should be eaten, and advises its use. Dr. Kellogg, great eugenist, head of the Battle Creek. Mich., Adventist Sani tarium, the largest In the world, is "agin" the use of meat for food, the Bible to the contrary, notwithstanding. I stand withHhe Bible. Likewise, many folk, like Dr. Kellogg, have pet fads and fancies. It is to be hoped eugenics will not omit the essential element of compassion and brotherly love, and will not develop too many hobby riders. A good thing intrinsically. It may easily be made not practical. Eugenists can never ignore the fact that the Creator intended that all his human children, including the more or less imperfect, to have the right to life, and hanDiness. Christ healed the lame, halt and blind. Latter day healers, scientific students, educators of varied ilks, will solve the problems of race betterment, without trying vainly to crush human longings and aspirations, and that, too, without mutilation of the human form divine. The "good book" tells us "there is not one that doeth good, no, not one," or, in effect, that all mortals fall short of perfection. Yet all belong In the scheme of life. It is intended by the Maker that we should unceasingly strive, which, if we were mortally per fect, would be Impossible to do. Let us not forget, as expressed by my long dead mother, friend and adviser of Joaquin Miller, "poet of the Sierras," that The lofty mountain and the lowly vale Each has In the wondrous whole a part. Nor doth either nearer than the other reach Toward his great heart. The time is approaching when science will find the remedy to cure all forms of bodi,Iy disease. Meanwhile, as in the joyful day ahead, mortals will marry and thus be as happy as conditions allow. Speaking of race betterment. Father O'Hara, of Portland, spoke by the book when he said, i believe in education, but not by the knife." There is room, and to spare, In the wide world for all, good, bad and indifferent. "Each has in the wondrous whole a part." The Roman Emperor, Caesar, Peter the Great, of Russia, and Napoleon Bonapart, each of use to the world, was imperfect personally. All of them had epilepsy, or common "fits." At the zenith of his power. Napoleon weighed only 115 pounds. Lord Byron had a club foot and fierce temper; yet his poetry is beautiful and valuable. Sir Walter Scott, who gave us his immor tal novels and poetry, would have never written a line had be bowed to bodily pain, as he himself states. The South ern statesman and Vice-President of the Confederate States, was a semi-invalid. Robert Burns was almost a drunkard. Oliver Ellsworth, third Chief Justice of the United States, who did much in the wording of the American Constitution, though strong bodily, was a slave to tobacco snuff. John C. Heenan, the giant American "Benicla boy," world champion pugilist, died like a frail woman, while in his prime, on board a Union Pacific Railroad train, from bleeding from the lungs. George Wash ington, father of his country and of modern freedom, had imperfections of body and temperament. From the high to the lowly, similar examples of human Imperfection are without limit. JOHN W. ELLSWORTH. A Pair of Twins. SEAVIEW, Wash., Aug. 21. (To the Editor.) Is the expression, "pair of twins," meaning two children, correct? Does it mean four children? E. A. T. This question presents a technical argument, but certainly in ordinary and accepted usage "a par of twins" means a set of twins; two twin chil dren, as differentiated from a pair of children of different ages, characteris tics, etc. In this sense the expression merely means a pair of children, twins to each other. One might speak of two twins, meaning one twin of a set six years old and one of another set four years old, In which case they would be merely two children and not a "pair" in the better sense of pair. The word "twins" merejy defines the kind of a pair. It is reasonable, there fore, to speak of a pair of twins mean ing a pair of twin children, and to take the expression to mean four children would be unusual at least. There is, of course, an element of redundancy evi dent, but undoubtedly "pair" In this sense means "set." To go further, one could speak of a gathering containing three or four twins, but no one twin would be a twin to any one other pres ent. In the accepted sense, then, it would be impossible to get a "pair" ot twins out of the entire lot, Just aa It would be impossible to get a pair of gloves or anything else out of a col lection, of one glove, one shoe, one cuff button and one trouser leg. It is not strictly necessary to say a pair of twins any more than It is to say a pair of spectacles or trousers, but or dinarily one would not be more confus ing than the other. The Oregonlan would not hesitate to say "pair of twins," meaning two. if the expression added to the frace, variety or clearness of what it was attempting to say. England's Delay Aggravates. TIMBER, Or., Aug. 22. (To the Edi tor.) In these days of German victories on land and sea, one often wonders where the English men-of-war are keeping themselves. The Germans are forcing the entrance to Riga and ham mering the Russians to pieces. Why Is it that the English don't get in the Baltic with their navy and help the poor Russians? It looks like England is afraid to risk anything, while her al lies are trying to put up a hopeless fight. Please give your readers a truo writing up on the subject and oblige a constant SUBSCRIBER. Madaaee Jomelll. PORTLAND, Aug. 22. (To the Ed itor.) Kindly give me this Informa tion regarding Madame Jomelll, the grand opera star: (1) How is her name pronounced? (2) Her nationality? (3) Married or single? (4) Any relatives In this city? E. R. L. (1) Yomelll. " (2) French. (3) Married. (1) Yes. Bonght Two Tickets. ' New Tork Globe.' Mazie Artie, where are we going on our honeymoon? , Artie Around the world. darling. They are going to give it in seven reels at tha uMAer picture show. Twenty-Five Years Ago From Tha Oresonlan of August 14. 1S1. Ex-Governor Chadwick was In the city yesterday. Livingston, Mont., Aug. 23. A ranch er living 20 miles west of here, named Qulnn. today killed his wife and five children with an ax. Qulnn was killed by one of the men who tried to arrest him, in eelf-defense. Melbourne. Aug. 23. The trade unions here are voting large sums in the suDDOrt of the strikers in the ship ping trade. As a result of the strike 20 ships are lying Idle in tne naroor. "Life In a Great City" will be the attraction at Cordrays Theater next week. Sarah Bernhardt is writing the story of ber life. If ehe is as frank and exact as Count Tolstoi. "The Kreutzer Sonata" will be forgotten in the rush for the book. A very enjoyable surprise party was given Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Day on Wednesday evening at their home, 427 S. street, the occasion being the first anniversary of their wedding day. Games and dancing were enjoyed until a late hour. William Ladd Joined his brother, Wesley, and sister, Mrs. H. J. Corbett, at the Tioga Hotel on Tuesday. Bert Farrell returned on the Potter Friday from a 10 days' camping trip at Seaview. Vice-President W. H. Holcomb, of the Union Pacific, accompanied by General Manaecr McNeil and Superintendent Crocker, left yesterday In a special car to make a tour of the lines of the com pany in this division. Half a Century Ago From The -Oregonlan ol August 24. 1S5. A trial was recently made in London of a new Ironclad. It is a steam gun boat which can be taken to pieces and may be removed from place to place in a wagon. It is said to be ball-proof, draws but three feet of water and car ries a battery of rifled guns in a space where 40 gunners as well as the guns are protected. The trial was very sat isfactory. The election In Idaho Territory, as far as heard from, has gone "Demo cratic." This was expected. Missouri outlaws and soldiers from Price's army swelled the "Democratic" vote and gave the party its majority. Today General Ashley and Colonel Frothingham will .leave Portland by the steamer Rival, on a visit to the capital. They will also visit the San- tiam mining regions, U time ana oppor tunity will permit them to do so. New Orleans, Aug. 5 The Galveston Bulletin of August 4 says yellow fever was prevailing to a considerable ex tent at Havana and the proportion of deaths was unusual. New York, Aug. 8. The receipts of Internal revenue yesterday were one and one-quarter millions. The Treas ury has enough funds to pay all the Indebtedness of the Army. The steamer Orizaba carried for the Victoria "market last evening about 250 boxes of assorted fruit and 200 gunnies "of hams and bacon. For San Francisco the freight amounted to 11 cases merchandise, 27 boxes eggs, a Quantity of green and dried hides and several bales of wool. San Francisco, Aug. 23. The receipts at the mint today amounted to 673 de posits, making 19,000 ounces, all in dust, and valued at about $285,000. A large proportion of it came from the northern mines by the Sierra Nevada'. SAVE SOUTH rROM HER "FRIENDS" Trade Journal Point Out What Embar go Against England Would Mean. (From Tha Cotton and Cotton Oil New. Dallas. Texas.) Some of the people who are profess ing friendship for the Southern cotton planters are agitating for an embargo against England. The design is to prohibit the export of war munitions and food products to England in order to coerce England into permitting the export of cotton to neutral ports. The Columbia State, one of the strongest papers in the cotton states, takes a sane view of the situation. It "The German and Austrian cotton factories have 16,300,000 spindles and Turkey has none. "The factories of Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia and Japan (al lies in this war) have 79,525,000 spin dles, of which 66,000,000 are British. "It follows that, were the Germans in control of the seas, they could and doubtless would confine the market for American cotton to about one-fifth of the spindles that it is confined to by the allies. "However oppressive, therefore, British Interference with American ex portation of cotton may be, it is clear that the South is fortunate in that the interference is not by the Germans and Ausrians." The Baltimore Sun says: if the Germans, instead of the Eng lish, had control of the seas, asks tha State, does anyone believe that she would open the gates to American cotton bound for British, French, Ital ian and Russian ports? Does the con duct of Germany In this war lead to such a conclusion? Therefore, the State is of the opinion that the South had better be content with the present market than run the risk of losing all foreign markets by attempts at coer cion. Pronunciation of Mezzanine. LA GRANDE. Or.. Aug. 21. (To the Editor.) To settle a dispute please publish the correct pronunciation of the word mezzanine. I notice that authori ties differ. W R. UNDERWOOD. It is correct to pronounce mezzanine either: Mez-a-nin (last syllable with short "1" as in pin): or, mez-a-nen (last syllable with sound of long "e" or neen). The accent is on the first syllable. He Had Seen the Look. Evening World. Wife (at 2 A. M.) Wake up, John; wake up! There's a burglar in the next room. Husband (sleepily) Well; I've no re volver. You go in and look daggers at him. The High Cost of Living Each family pays J60 more for living expenses than it did ten years. ago. The greater part of this increase goes into the higher cost of food products. War and hard times have not materially checked the upward tendency- This financial barometer gives a very Important reason why people should bay intelligently. Proper selection of time, place and merchandise frequently means lessened prices. Towards this latter solution the advertising columns of The Orego nian point the way. They give the Information that leads to intelligent buying.