THE BIORVTXG OREGOXIAJf, SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1915.
fOKTLAXD. OREGOM.
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WILSON'S FABT1BAN SrtEClI.
! President Wilson's) speech at In
dianapolis la so partisan in tone that
;lt gives no consideration to the work
done by the Republican party for th
progress of the Nation during its long
period of control or to the disaster
-which has almost Invariably followed
: Democratic supremacy. Only a man
.blinded by partisanship could say the
:Republlcan party has not had a new
Idea In thirty years.
; During that period the Republican
"party has passed and enforced the
iantl-trust law and the several inter
estate commerce laws; it has firmly es
tablished the gold standard; it has lib
erated Cuba, Porto Rico and Hawaii
.from misrule: it has caused the Phil
Mpplnes to make astonishing progress
;in training for self-government; it has
Tatopped the looting of the public do
main and has Inaugurated the policy
tof conservation. It has upheld the
'American policy of protection and has
:vastiy extended our foreign trade. It
(has lifted our diplomatic service to a
.plane where it won the respect of na-
;llona. It has reorganized the Army
jand rebuilt the Navy. It has greatly
(extended the application of the merit
Jayatem to the civil service. It has
passed numerous laws for civic better
iment and for Improvement of the lot
of workmen. It has built the Panama
Canal, the greatest work In our
history.
For the second time In those thirty
' years the Democratic party is in full
control of the Government and for the
second time in that period it has
passed a tariff law which caused witie
j spread depression among our indus
j tries. The greatest war the world has
jever known is alone capable of miti-
satin? the disastrous effects of the
Underwood law. Only the determina-
'. tion of a President wiser than his
party forced the Democrats to repeal
; the silver-purchase law. The Income
J tax which the Democratic party has
! imposed was made possible by Repub-
i llcan votes for a constitutional amend
i merit. The amendment providing di
i rect election of Senators was forced
J through Congress under Republican
; leadership. The Federal reserve law,
i of which Mr. Wilson boasts, was pro-
posed In substance by Republicans un
! der a Republican Administration. The
- . -- 1 I 1
anu-trusi laws vmvn imve utrcu t'oeocu
, by trie present Congress are so weak
( and ineffective as to win the con-
j tempt of some of the ablest men in
; ilr. Wllson"s own party.
: The best work of the Democratic
i Administration was the fruit of Re
j publican labors, and much of It was
marred by the Inexpert hands of the
Democrats who finished It. The worst
: work of this Administration is that
: which It Initiated. Besides the tariff
; and anti-trust laws, it Is responsible
for the conservation bills, which
I threaten to block the progress of the
J West: for the Philippine bill, which
. I would halt the progress of the islands
aud would bring chaos there; for wild
: extravagance in expenditure, which
: necessitated a miscalled war tax when
the Nation was at peace. In our for-
'.eign affairs this Administration has
. fostered anarchy In Mexico by Its In
.effective meddling and has brought
the name of America into contempt.
It has surrendered our rights In the
! Panama Canal at the dictation of a
foreign power and has besmirched our
; good name by the Colombian treaty.
It has brought scandal upon us in
; Santo Domingo, making American di
I plomacy a byword even In the West
I Indies, notorious for malodorous po li
lt U. In face of Its proved incompe-
tence to manage the affairs en
trusted to it, the Democratic party
(now asks to be trusted further with
the management of Government tele
' graph and telephone lines, and de
mands that the Government be per
mitted to buy ships and operate com
mercial steamship lines. Mr. Wilson
i assumes that the last-named measure
is the only means of Increasing the
merchant marine, though emancipa-
tion of the shipping business from le-
gal shackles is alone needed to tempt
I private enterprise into it. After raak
: ing such a record. Mr. Wilson has the
audacity to deny the title "progres-
slve" to the Republican party and to
j claim it for the Democratic party.
The Oregonlan dislikes to make a
I seemingly partisan comparison of
j party records. We prefer to discuss
; the acts of the Administration on their
; merits without regard to their bearing
j on party politics except so far as vital
! party principles are concerned. But
the President himself challenged the
! comparison In Ms Indianapolis speecft.
I being blinded by partisanship to the
weakness of his case. He has de
scended from the high position which
he took at his Inauguration, when he
Invited the co-operation of all parties,
and has voluntarily assumed the posi
tion of a party leader, who can see no
merit In his opponents, who seizes all
credit for all good work and who fails
to acknowledge a flaw In anything be
has done. He himself Invites us so to
regard and to discuss him, and we ac
cept the Invitation. ,
One passage in Mr. Wilson's speech
Indicates that he has descended even
lower than the position of a part
leader to that of a boss, who punishes
by ostracism all who do not on all
occasions stand by the organization.
He vys: "If man won't play on a
team, ha must get off the team," and
he styles himself the captain of the
- Democratic team Tor the present."
These remarks imply that he would
read out of the party Senator Reed,
O' Gorman. Hitchcock. Martina and
others who have opposed him. and
whom he has ignored In filling Fed
eral offices. If that be his purpose,
he would better beware. The Senate
, tan da ta a man behind these Senators
Xa their controversy with, him, and
persistence In his present course may
spell disaster for his Administration.
His predecessor tried to read Insur
gents out of the party and was th
"worst-licked" though the "best
liked" of our Presidents.
HOPELESS AS A ' PABTY.
It is iuite disconcerting to find Mr.
J. Sanger Fox, secretary of the Pro
hibition party, speaking bitterly of
"resubmission, bootlegging, law viola
tion and all the evils attendant upon
nonpartisan prohibition. - as tried in
Maine, Kansas and other prohibition
states" particularly Kansas.
Before election it was quite Impos
sible to discover a prohibitionist, par
tisan or otherwise, who would admit
that prohibition did not effectively
prohibit in Kansas.
But now that Oregon has adopted
nonpartisan prohibition. It seems that
Oregon is not to have real prohibition
until it accepts the partisan variety
We fancy that partisan prohibition
will be long on the way.
A quarter of a century or more agj,
when Iowa had prohibition. It was
quite freely predicted by the enthusi
asts i.i that state that the time was
near at hand -when National partit
would not divide on tariff or any other
issue except prohibition. One great
party was to be wet. the other dry.
Yet the dav has not yet come, ana
in the meantime Iowa has backslid.
Th. paity Prohibitionists helped th?
state along the downward path. in
1890. although the Republicans d
clared for a continuance of prohlb!
tion, and the Democrats declared for
high license, the Prohibitionists in
slsted on having their own ticket, ond
the Democrat won.
It Is somewhat significant that the
Prohibition party vote in 1890, when
Iowa was dry. was only about 1200
and that it increased during the sub
sequent wet period to more than 3000
in 1912, although the voting popula
tion' did not greatly increase. On the
other heed, Kansas cast its greatest
prohibition vote In 1886. when the
party polled S094. In 19101 the par-.y
vote had dwindled to 2372. In prohl
bition Maine the Prohibition party in
1312 cast its smallest vote In twenty
eisht sears.
Clearly .nonpartisan prohibitum is
disastrous to the fortunes of the Pro
hibition party. The party thrives only
v. hcu prohibition is not in force either
in form ot substance.
MR. ALEXANDER'S MAGNA CHART..
When Representative Alexander
characterizes the ship-purchase bill as
the Magna Charta of American ship
ping proclaiming freedom from the
feudal barons of maritime commerce.
he overlooks a few material facts
bearing upon the subject.
The law forbids ownership of trans
oceanic lines by the same men as con
trol railroads unless these lines are
extensions of the railroad routes. The
same law applies to coastwise lines.
, All ships owned or controlled by
railroads or trusts are denied the use
of the Panama Canal. Hereafter a
leamship company will be baoiy
handicapped if its ships cannot pass
through the Canal.
The law was passed througn tne
House by Mr. Alexander's own party
therefore he should know of its exist
ence. If he desires to anve oui t
the shipping business all the wicked
millionaires he mentioned in his Bos
ton speech, why does he not stir up
the Interstate Commerce Commission
and the Attorney-General? It is their
business to enforce this law
Instead of creating a Government
monopoly as a remedy for an alleged
crivate monopoly, why does not Mr.
Alexander introduce a bill emancipate
na the shipping business from tne
ansurd restrictions which cause oper
ation of ships under the American flag
to cost twice as much as under any
oreign flag? Instead of denouncing
the millionaires for taking advantage
of a, situation which Congress Has
created, he should denounce Congress
for creating that situation.
THE EATON CLAQUE.
The leaders in the anvil chorus of
tho country press, now hammering
away for Eaton to be Speaker, are the
Medford Mall Tribune (Democratic;,
the Oregon City Courier (Democratic),
Salem Capital Journal (Democratic),
Pendleton East Oregonlan (Demo
cratic), NewBarA-Enterprlse (Demo
cratic), and a few others which have
been misled by the false statements of
Eaton as to the situation. Their pur
pose is obvious. They are out to make
trouble for the Legislature and par
ticularly for the Republican majority.
They do not hesitate, for mere parti
san purposes, to stir up sectional
feeling, hoping through the discomfit
ure of' the Legislature to gain some
advantage for themselves and tneir
party. There is nothing more to it,
except Eaton's ambition to be in con
trol. It Is an unscrupulous and dis
honest campaign on Eaton's part.
nd nothing good can come out of it
for himself or the state. It is hot
creditable to any of these papers that
they, or most of them, nave aaoptea.
without investigation, and apparently
without concern, Eaton's version of
the contest.
Mr. Eaton runs a bookblndery at
Eugene and poses as some kind of an
uthority on art. He is the particular
Representative of the State University
in the Legislature, and is well repaid
for the interest he takes In that Insti
tution. For example, since 1908 he
has received practically all of the
S040.89 spent by the university ror
bookbinding. In 1914 he got all but
40 of the 995 expended for this pur
pose. It is, ana nas oeen iran me
first, given to him without competi
tive bidding, at "about current rates."
But the usefulness of the Lnlversity
Eaton as an asset does not end
there. He Is now on the universuys
payroll as a lecturer on art and for
the arrangement of art exhibits. For
the first semester, ending February 1,
913. the sum of J3o0 has been ap
propriated for Eaton's benefit by the
regents. Is there any possible reason
hy Eaton should have got tnis joo.
except that he is a member of the Leg
islature? This statement of Eaton's
nanclal relations with the State Uni
versity will doubtless be highly Inter
esting to the Legislature and to the
state.
Mr. Selling, who Is a candidate for
Speaker, has been twice State Senator
for Multnomah County, iie is a mer
chant of Portland, doing a large busi-
The state would no doubt be a
desirable customer. But he has had
so scrupulous a regard, for his duty to
the public that he has declined even
to hid on state contracts for any kind
of supplies, and has, directly or Indi
rectly, sold no goods to the state or
sought to profit hy his membership
in the Legislature.
Such a man as Mr. Selung'ougnt to
be Speaker, and such a man as Eaton
ousrht not to be. These are the rea-
sorin not reasons of sectionalism, or
TaaTanWe to avnr mythical Port,
land ring or . any other such why
The Oregonian has taken an active
interest in this matter. The Orego
nian contributed Its influence to the
election of a representative legisla
tive delegation from Multnomah
County. It was everywhere hailed as
desirable service. Now The Orego
nlan hopes to see the fruition of that
work by the Legislature. It can be
done through Mr. Selling. It will not
be done through Mr. Eaton.
THE CONJUROR.
The conjuror's art never loses its
charm. The roses which he pours in
fabulous abundance from his paper
horn are eternally fresh. The rabbits
which he creates in the hollow of his
mystical hand squirm with agile life.
The lady who turns into nothing be
hind the walls of the magic box which
she enters with smiles so ravishing is
greeted with unfailing applause at her
speedy resurrection. What becomes of
her in the second or two when the
box is covered with the wonder-working
black veil?
What becomes of the marl whom
now we behold clinging like a monkey
to the rope high up in the air and the
next Instant he is not as Enoch was
though, for a different reason, we
fear, and In a different way. wno
can retain his faith in spirit manifes
tations in its full vigor as he looks on
at the performances of a deft con
juror? All that the visitants from tne
other world are supposed to mane
their long and difficult Journey to ex
hibit he does and does It better than
they.
The spirits cannot work their won
ders without elaborate incantations.
There must be evocatory singing, dim
lights, a receptive state of mind in
the congregation. The conjuror asks
for none of all this. He goes about his
business satirically smiling, with an
occasional Jeer at his own marvels. He
works lightly, skimming over the mir
acles as Camilla does over the unbend
ing grain field. He makes a jest and
creates living ducks from empty air.
He smiles ironically and puts the laws
of physics to rout before your eyes.
From the top of the bald head's pon
he rakes gold by the handfull. Why
does he not make us all rich? He
does make us all happy. It seems as
if he might as easily dq the other
trick.
BELGIUM'S GREAT POET.
Like most small countries, the salt
of the earth, Belgium is prolific in
art and literature. Everybody knows
Maeterlinck and loves him, but Ver
haegen is not so familiar to the public,
although his poems are said by some
critics to.be the best the modern world
has produced, vernaegen nas oeen
translated Into English by the Vien
nese poet Stefan Zweig and published
by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., so that his
poems are accessible to all who wisn
to read the best and highest.
By some critics Verhaegen has been
compared to Walt Whitman. He
thinks and works bn the same colos
sal scale as our poet of democracy
and perhaps his ways are as uncouth.
He has broken away completely from
what is timorously revered as "poeti
cal tradition." No moldy statues for
Verhaegen's robust muse, no sobs and
sighs over decayed cities in Italy or
anywhere else. He is thoroughly anve.
He delights in the noise and smoke of
London. He loves the muscular work.
men In the Belgian mills and mines.
Human energy wakes the music of his
song. Human triumphs over nature
set his imagination on the wing for its
highest flights.
It is said of Verhaegen that his poems
are written to oe sung or reuneu.
They run best In speech, net in silent
reading, and this is true of all the best
poetry. Tennyson delighted to cnant
his verses to visitors. So did Words
worth, both of whom were great mas
ters of the lyric mode. It Is well
known that the cantos of the Iliad
were recited in shin and camp for
enturies before they were reduced to
writing. The poetry which can not be
read easily aloud lacks something es
sential. That Is one reason why
Browning failed somewhat in his duty
o the world. He left his verse so in
choate that It does not trip from the
tongue. It must be pondered In the
tudy like an algebraic equation, ur
course It well repays all the study one
can give It. but so does Kant s Crit
ique of the Pure Reason. Still nobody
would think of calling Kant a poet.
It is the war that has brought ver
haegen into the world's notice. Out of
the worst evils some good is almost
sure to flow, such are the mitigating
providences that make life livable.
THE LAW AS TO BOYCOTTS.
Affirmation of the judgment re
quiring the Danbury hatters to pay
damages for Injury done by their boy
cott of the Loew hat factory has sim
ply reaffirmed the position the United
States Supreme Court has aiwajs
taken as to the right of labor unions
to pursue lawfully their legitimate ob.
Ject of bettering the condition of
wage-earners. The Sherman law does
not interfere with the pursuit of the
unions' legitimate objects, for, the
court has said, they "have nothing to
do with interstate commerce as such.
But unions have a power which,
when unlawfuly used against one.
cannot be met except by his purchas
ing peace at the cost of submitting to
terms which involve the sacrifice of
rights protected by the Constitution
or by standing on such rights and ap
pealing to the protective powers oi a
court of equity."
The hatters' boycott was applied
not only to the relations of the union
members with the Loew factory itself,
but extended to all who bought its
products, whether wholesale or retail
merchants. It thus obstructed inter
state commerce and renaerea tne
nion subject to exaction of treble
damages, the amount of which is
larger than any single penalty Im
posed under the Sherman law. The
individual members are held to have
delegated authority to officers of the
union to act for them and are there
fore held liable for the consequences.
The fact that the union is not incor
porated does not relieve Its members
of this liability, and thus one of the
main arguments against incorporation
of unions Is swept away.
This decision was rendered under
lite Sherman law as It stood before it
was supplemented by the Federal
Trade Commission law and the Clay
ton anti-trust law. As to whether the
latter law renders lawful a boycott
which under the original law was un
lawful, there rs a direct conflict of
oninion between men most deeply In
terested. Daniel Davenport, counsel
of the anti-boycott association, holds
that section of the Clayton law
merely restates the law as It had been
already defined by the courts. That
section declares that nothing In the
anti-trust laws "shall be construed to
forbid the existence and operation of
labor, agricultural or horticultural or.Jdaddle. .
ganizatlons," or to forbid them "from
lawfully carrying out the legitimate
objects thereof." That is no more
than the court has said. The Clayton
law forbids injunctions against the
lawful withdrawal, of patronage or re
fusal to employ any party to such dis
pute and such activities as recom
mending, advising or persuading oth
ers by peaceful and lawful means so
to do.
Mr. Davenport maintains that- the
use of the word "lawful," in the ab
sence of modification of the law as to
legality of the boycott, leaves the
status of that weapon of industrial
warfare unchanged. He holds that. If
the law were construed to legalize the
boycott, it would deprive person's in
jured by boycotts of property rights
and would also invade the judicial
power of the courts; hence It would
be invalid.
James A. Emery, counsel of the
American Manufacturers' Association,
on the other hand, holds that the boy
cott is made legal by that section of
the - Clayton law enumerating acts
which may be done in a trade dispute
with Immunity from the injunction.
He holds this opinion because, after
inserting the words "lawful" and
"lawfully" throughout that section,
Congress added these words:
vr Rhnll nnv of the acts specified In this
paragraph he considered or held unlawful.
The foregoing sentence constitutes
an amendment which was submitted
by the American Federation of Labor
and It appears to declare lawful in any
circumstances all the acts which are
permitted only If lawful throughout
the rest of the section. The Clayton
law seems to have increased the am-
bitruity of the anti-trust statutes, so
far as they relate to labor unions. . We
shall not know until that law has
been, construed by the courts whether
the Danbury hatters will be the last
labor unionists to be penalized for
boycotting. Though the proviso quot
ed may have been intenldeB to legalize
the boycott, we must await decisions
by the highest court before we shall
know whether such an exception to
the general provisions of the law will
stand under the Constitution.
Similarity of names sometimes
causes contusion ana morse. rui
example: ' The young man who
killed ' Ralph - Brown at Kaskela
was said to be Clarence Bettis.
His name is Pettis. There is In
that region a young man of about
the same age named Clarence Bettis,
nn or .T M. Bettis. well known In
Washington County, where the family
resided many years.' Two years ago
Mr. Bettis and his sons moved Into
Crook County, where they are farming
and growing stock on an extensive
scale. Clarence Bettis. who is well
known in the younger set around
Hillsboro as "Casey," resents the im
plication, and he has a Just grievance.
The fine assessed against people
who drive by a streetcar discharging
passengers is not large and does not
diminish the number of orrenaers. inc
person alighting cannot easily turn to
gaze backward and a reckless driver
can cause lifelong misery or death.
The penalty should be made so severe
that nobody will dare brean. tne law.
For the forthcoming city election it
might be a good plan to have the day
boards composed entirely ot women
and the nierht boards of men. While
in the eternal fitness of things mun
dane a woman is so well qualified to
serve on a night board, there is a jar
in the scheme, and as an equalizer the
suggestion is offered 1
Following a football game between
German and British soldiers at the
front, German authorities have forbid
den further fraternizing with the en
emy. DouDUess uennan uianum-iiu-o,
after assembling football casualty data,
decided that war Is bad enough.
A local woman is suing for a decree
because her husband padded to con
ceal a deformity.- The villain! By the
way, you never hear of a man making
aimi'lar complaint, for reasons so ob
vious they need not be mentioned.
Germans say the British would have
cut one of their armies in two Dy 101-inwtne-
ud a certain advantage. We
suspect that, having failed to wipe the
British out, the Germans are now
twitting them.
We have it. Let's move our citizens
back from the borders ana can an
those home from abroad. That is the
logical thing to do since we are un
willing to give them adequate pro
tection. .
rrhll yesterday ordered a former
President of the republic to leave the
country. If that plan were to spreau
northward, what a world or joy wouia
be missed.
Day-old bread is urged by Chl-
cagoans as an economy move. Yes,
we may be eating it a week old If
wheat keeps going up.
Villa's threats to attack the border
towns with 8000 men prings me
Washington Administration's latest
bluff to a showdown. .
Rmosure to the weather of soldiers
in the trenches is nothing compared
with that suffered by the local war
college.
An American dollar -has a buying
value of 11.05 in Switzerland. And
that of about 15 cents here.
Anyone with the power of "seeing
things" ought to be able to Join a mag
ical society Just formed here., -
Italv. with a million fresh men.
should prove a great asset to the side
she finally lines up with.
If oDDOsing troops are not allowed
to fraternize the soldiers may find out
what the war is about.
The wheat thermometer continues
to act in the manner of mercury on a
hot morning.
The trouble with the "Sick Man of
Europe" is lack of something to make
him move.
Ta Villa's Dlan to attack border
towns to go through unhampered?
Great Britain will remedy our com-
plainta in part. Why not In full?
Mexico is bursting In on the front
page space again.
The Legislature
pruning knife
is sharpening the
The Austrians have learned to ske-
1
Half a Century Ago.
From Tho Morning; Oreg-onian Jan. 9. 1SC5.
George Austin, brother of R, D. and
Cornelius Austin, of this city, and
former war correspondent of the Ore
gon Dally Times, has been taken by
the rebels to Libby Prison.
Company E. First Regiment, Oregon
Infantry, numbering 85 men, were mus
tered into the service of the United
States last Saturday by Lieutenant
Kapus, of this city. The officers of the
company, commissioned by Governor
Gibbs, are: K. O. McCown, Captain;
J. B. Dimlck, First Lieutenant, and J.
M. Gale, Second Lieutenant.
Washington. Jan. 8. Kentucky is
talking seriously of emancipation, and
Governor Bramlette rejoices greatly in
his message over Union - successes
achieved. The state may have, voted
McClelian, but ehe meant Union all' the
while, and is providing 70,000 soldiers
for our Army.
The "Loring Farm," situated In the
vicinity of this city, has been sold at
auction by Colonel W. W. Chapman for
85000 to Arthur Fay.
. The ladies of the M. E. Church pro
noss to Eive an os'ster supper at th
late Armory of Company A, on Front
street, between Yamhill and Taylor
streets, tomorrow evening, the proceeds
to ga in aid of the erection of a new
church edifice.
The bark Industry, captained by
Louis Master, arrived today from San
Francisco with a consignment of nver
chandise to Richards & McCracken. Ten
days were consumed on the journey.
The Richmond papers own that th
cannonade on Fort Fisher was the
severest ever experienced In the an
nals of war.
The slack attendance at Willamette
Theater of a month since getting on
our nerves, we are pleased to see
beginning to change off ' to better
houses. The audience Saturday night
was quite liberal.
HISTORIAN'S STATEMENT DOUBTED
Other Authorities Dispute Assertion
'That Seward Was Slaveholder,
EUGENE. Or.. Jan. 7. (To the Edl
tor.) In a recent editorial you stated
that William H. Seward "despised Lin
coin and was himself a slaveholder.
Two correspondents demanded your
authority, and you cited the book
"Statesmen of the Old South," written
by W. E. Dodd. who you Bay Is pro
feasor of American history at Chicago
University and "an acknowledged au
thority on his subject," and there the
matter ended.
I am a New Yorker by birth and
have some personal reasons that make
me desire to correefwhat seems to me
ail iiijusLivo.
Mr. Dodd, by a recent biographical
sketch, is shown to be a native of
North Carolina, to have been educated
In Virginia, and until comparatively
recently to have been a professor of
history at a Virginia college. I cannot
but think that early environment has
had something to do with making the
professor over-appreciative or jerrer
son Davis and at the same time un
ftnnreeiativft of Mr. Seward.
I have verified my former belief by
examining available encyclopedias ana
histories and by an inquiry of the Sew
ard family at Auburn. N. Y. The pres
ent William H. Seward explicitly and
unequivocally denies that the ex-Secretary
of State ever had or claimed own
ership of any slave. The authorities
at hand seem to justify this family
statement
Negro slavery existed in the State of
New York at the blrtn or w imam n.
Seward, and his father. Dr. Samuel S.
Seward, had three slave servants. Two
voir, hef ore the Dirtn ot w 1111am n
the New York Legislature provided for
the gradual abolition of slavery in that
state, and slavery had practically ceased
when William reached majority, in
1821. He was admitted to the bar that
vear. entered at once upon a very sue
cessful professional career and did not
afterwards live at home. JLr. oewara
lived until 1S49. and the slaves re
malned his property until the legal
title to them had ceased by operation
of law. The only relation of the son
to them was in providing generously
for them in their old age.
Now for the inference that Seward
wa.a indifferent to the wrong or slav
ery. In his autobiography, Mr. Sew
ard sa.ys that his youthful observation
of slaves and slavery made him an
abolitionist. At 37 he became Governor
nf New York and one of the marked
acts of his administration was his
declination to return to Virginia negro
seamen demanded by the Governor, of
that state as fugitive slaves. At tne
close of his second term as Governor
ho resumed Iecral Dractice. ana snortiy,
and very much agflmst his professional
Interests, accented0 two cases tnar.
hrnuitht him intd no little disfavor,
The first was the defense of John Van
Zandt, accused of aiding a slave to es
cape. The second was the defense of
the neero. Freeman, who had commit
ted an atrocious murder, put. wnom
Mr. Seward zealously defended on tne
cround that the negro was in fact in
sane, but was still entitled to the same
consideration in this respect-as a white
person. His address in this case was
pronounced by W. B. Gladstone as "the
e-reatest forensic eriort in linBlian-
Aa a Dublic speaKer Mr. tsewara wa.s
one of the first to declare slavery lm-
nnsslhle in the republic. In tne annex
atlon of Texas controversy he charged
that to increase the slave power was
to "subvert the Constitution. ' At Cleve
land In 1848 he said: "Slavery must be
nhniished and vou and I must do it.
On the admission of California he made
the famous declaration that there was
a "higher law than the constitution,
referring to the natural right to lib
erty, and at Rochester in 1858 he made
famous mat equauy api cvijiwotuu
that the slave controversy was "an ir
repressible conflict." He was an early,
zealous, untiring advocate of freedom
for the black man.
Whether or not Seward aespisea
Lincoln is a matter of opinion. I have
re-examined Nicolay and Hay with this
thought in view and I find nothing to
indicate that they tnougnt sucn was
the case. They say that he was a tire
less natient worker for the Union
cause, and they record Mr. Lincoln's
characterization of him as a man
without guile." S. D. ALLEN.
Care of Tnberclar Patients.
PORTLAND. Jan. 7. (To the Ed
itor.) Kindly Inform me If there la
a sanitarium anywhere in this vicinity
where a person without funds to pay
for same may receive free treatment
for tuberculosis.
I have heard so much of the great
good accomplished through the sale
of Red CroBs stamps for this dread dis
ease, it is mine to have for a near
neighbor a young girl in the first stage,
at least, perhaps the second of this dis
ease, and from lack ot funds unable to
pay for treatment at a sanitarium.
Kindly give me information on the
subject. '
AN IGNORANT SUBSCRIBER.
Write to Mrs. Sadie-Orr Dunbar, 7118
Fifty -third avenue. Southeast, Portland,
or phone to her. Tabor 30S4.
Confederate Money W'orthle-aa.
WEDDERBURN. Or.. Jan. 6. (To the
Editor.) Kindly inform me as to the
value of a ten dollar Confederate bill.
It has Richmond on it, also February
11, 1864. If it is worth more than face
value, where could I send it to receive
the difference, or is it worth.face value?
HOLLIS R. CLARNO.
A Confederate bill is about as value
able as a picture postcard. Someone
might be willing to pay a trifling sum
Xor jt as a curiosity.
GAME LAW OPPRESSES FARMERS
Lack of Elasticity Makes Their Flocka
Prey of Predatory Animals.
KINGS VALLEY. Or.. Jan. 7 (To the
Editor.) The Kirsxs Valley settlement
in Benton County Is "up in arms" anent
the recent arrest of "Hy" Plunkett for
the 'alleged offense of running deer
with dogs. It appears that the formers
in that valley are raising sheep and
goats aa ah additional means of making
a livelihood: it also is well and gen
erally known that cougar, wildcats and
coyotes are a continual menace to all
stock in general, and sheep and goats
In particular. The ranchers, to protect
their flocks, have to have dogs, and
without dogs the varminta would soon
destroy these delectable tid-bita with
the result that practically every rancher
would have to quit business. ,
Now the great State of Oregon haa on
its statute books a lot of game laws
designed for the protection of beaver,
deer and other animals. "Thou ahalt
not" is the burden of the statute and
nowhere is there a saving clause cov
ering a ainele exception, that would
protect the flocks, crops or orchards of
this state. The enforcement of these
laws is largely in the hands of the
Game Warden and his deputies. Thou
sands of dollars are collected anntially
for fishing and hunting licences and
these funds are expended principally
for salaries axid expenses of a lot of
hungry officers and are dissipated by
wanton and wasteful extravagances.
A zealous game warden caused Plun
kett's arrest upon the suspicion that
dogs, which he alleges were Plunkett's,
were running deer eight miles from
Plunkett's residence in King's Valley,
and because somebody told him they
were Plunkett's hounds. There are
two sides to this controversy that will
undoubtedly be developed at the trial
of Plunkett on this charge, and Plun
kett intends to stand his ground. Mean
while, those who have suffered loss to
their flocks by reason of the existence
of numerous coyotes and other var
mints are wondering what the outcome
is going to be, and whether the coming
Legislature will make the state safe
for their flocks, or whether Oregon is
to continue a game preserve and tho
habitation of destructive wild animals.
As an instance, beaver are protected
by law. What for? Everybody knows
the tendency of beaver to cut trees,
and they are a positive nuisance to
ranchers along many creeks and rivers
who presume to set out orchards, since
beaver don't discriminate between fruit
trees and other wood.
Bill Goldson, living on Mary's River,
southwest of Corvallis, planted 100
peach trees three years ago on some
bottom land suitable to growing fruit
of all kinds, and after cultivating his
little orchard and seeing some of the
trees come into bearing this year, no
ticed that his small orchard was being
cut off and removed by beaver. Bill
has a family to make a living for. and
what spare time he had, during the day
time, kept watch to drive the beaver
out, but the beaver dlan t get arouna
the orchard in the day time, and Bill
couldn't work and watch days and
nights, too. Besides, Bill realized that
to keep the beaver out of his orchard
on dark nights would have necessitated
the use of dogs, or a kind of a "pussy-
wants - a - corner" game with every
Deach tree that was left as the ob-
lective goal.
The result is that Bill's entire or
chard and all his -work has been sacri
ficed because the laws In substance
av "Thou Bhalt not kill beaver." Had
he done so the penalty would have been
drastic enough to show Bill where to
"head in at," and a deputy game war
den would have attended to all the de-
tftila.
TherA In nn remedy or relief for the
destruction of orchards, crops or riocKs
by the wild animals which it has oeen
the policy of the state to protect. The
owners of orchards ana nouns tn
rage and stand helpless, since no ac
tion can be maintained against the
state for reparation. The ward heelers
and politicians, with a single eye on a
nice, easy, tat appointive jou wueie
thev can draw salaries and their ex
penses, are the sole beneficiaries under
tho game laws ana us aaminiKirainin.
The poor devils that exiat in the hills.
and are taxed "coming and going, are
expected to smother etheir feelings,
pocket their losses and act cheerfully,
or, If they don't like it, they can move
out.
Meanwhile the cltTfcens of Oregon can
either quit trying to raise Btock or
anything else, defend themselves in
court against sucn cnarges as are maue
against Plunkett, and let the powers
that be turn the state into a game pre
rvn and sDortsman's paradise, or
move to have some legislation enacted
that will protect the flocks. Which
does Benton County think the most
desirable? By the way, it wouldn't be
a bad idea to put a crimp In the
game warden's office or abolish It alto
gether. FAIR PLAY.
HOPE RESTS IN POLITICAL PARTY
Only Partisan Problbltlon will i
Oregon Really Dry, Sara Secretary.
PORTLAND. Jan. 8. (To the Edi
tor.) I notice in your editorial columns
: statement that we Prohibitionists
should favor a political party for
every social reform on the carpet."
Permit me to say that whenever a
social evil has become such a menace
to our country that its perpetrators
control our dominant political parties
then, indeed, I do favor it, but I un
hesitatingly declare that it Is the only
sensible method to rid the Nation of
an evil thus ensconed.
The Prohibition party in state ana
Nation stands today, and always has
stood, as the champion of social and
political reform. The direct vote for
United States Senator and equal auf
frage for women are two reforms ad
vocated by us since 1872. This party
was the pioneer in advocating control
of private corporations, conservation
of National resources. In opposing dis
criminations of Capital against labor
and monopolistic and class legislation.!
Upon the question of all reforms re
quiring political action, we have
always been in the lead, although re
cently other parties have adopted
planks for which we have created
public sentiment.
Your own cnampion, ex-r-resiucnt
Taft, Is authority for tne statement:
This Is a government by political par.
ties and there should be party respon
sibility." President Wilson says:
Great measures, under our system oi
government, must necessarily be party
measures." The liquor traffic Is a
crime and must be annihilated, and the
task must ultimately Be nanaiea as
completely and as surely as the aboli
tion of slavery. Surely this classes
it aa a "great measure."
Russia has accomplished this pri
marily by administrative rather than
by legislative methods. Goethals has
rid Panama ot tne curse Dy m same
means. It is surely a mow to our
National pride to think that we. aa a
Nation, cannot see as clearly ana act
: decisively as Russia.
We Prohibitionists have been fight-
ntr
for over 40 years for this, and
predict that tne uay-spring la i
hand" when we shall see elected to
power in White House, Statehouse and
Courthouse an administration pledged
to free, actually and for all time, our
fair land of thie, the greatest curse
now licensed to exist. Resubmission,
bootlegging, law-violation and all the
evils attendant upon non-partiaan pro
hibition, as tried In Maine, Kansas
and other prohibition states, will
then bo unknown.
Oresron. In 1915. will have the oppor
tunity of leading the way and showing
the Nation that a real Prohibition state
is an actual possibility; our efforts are
focussed at making this an accom
plished fact. J. SANGER FOX.
Executive Secretary Oregon Prohibition
State Committee. ,
Twenty-Five Year Ago.
from The Orefc-onlau, January a. 110.
Wasnington. rWnator Mttshell, tt
Oregon, introduced a petition from the
old Bohliera of Oregon asking that a
reduction l-e made in the revenue until
tiie lrcislut'.on prepared by the Na
tional Grand Army committee haa been
enacted.
Victoria. 13. C. Lady DoukIh rellrt
of the flit Governor of British Colum
bia, the late Sir James Douglas, died
last night, aged 73.
Oregon City. F. V. Drake and V. ".
Barlow have asked for a franchise for
a railroad along the county roads frotn
t-ellwood to Burlow station: also from
the White House to Oregon Cllv The
scheme Is unfavorably received.
!". II. Martin, secretary, ha Issued
the call for tho next regular meeting
of the Builders' Asaoi-latlon, whlth mill
be held this evening at Yotin'a Hall.
The meeting Is called by order of tho
president. J. C. liayer.
Daniel Kelly haa assm-tated with
himself John liannaford. aiul they IU
conduct a general plumhlnc huplnena
on Fourth street near Taylor street.
Dr. W. W. Green haa tnken rharce of
Dr. Stryker's office during the latter a
abaeuL-e.
The St. Lou In Browns, the ra' k
baseball nine, will arrive at 10:40 to
day from ban Francisco. There will bn
a band and a larme delegation lo meet
them at the depot. Saturday and sun
day evenings the team member! will
Sive exhibitions at the pavilion; how.
ing .among other things some lam y
curved ball pitching.
Fred O. Howell, formerly bookkeeper
for Sutton & Beebee. has juat returned
from an European trip.
Last night about mldnltrht the steam
er J. Ordway waa burned tb tlie until
edge while lying In Winter uuarteia.
near Wledler'a mill.
Captain Lombard expert to hae 'il
Hood Kiver icehoimo filled to lapaciy
5000 tons by tomorrow.
Ex-Governor George L. Woods, after
a long and painful illness, died Tues
day night. January 7. at St. Vlncenfo
Hospital. Ex-Uovertior Woods waa
born In Missouri in 1832; educated In
Oregon, and active In civic arid political
affairs in Oregon, Idaho. Utah and Cali
fornia. He waa a Lincoln elector. He
also was appointed Governor of I'tah In
1871 by Urant, after having Detin elect
ed Republican Oovernor of Oregon In
1866. He was County Judge at Wasro
County. Oregon, in 1S6S. It was In
1865 that he was nominated associate
Justice of the Supreme Court of Idaho.
Mrs. Woods la a daughter of the late
Dr. McBride, of St. Helena, She la In
Los Angelea.
ONLY ONH GUNBOAT IV HARBOR
Small Britten Veaarl Plueklly Knaaard
German Crnlaera Off Hearboroua".
pnTT.ln .Tan II (To the liiltor.
I think it may be of Interest to the
public if you care to publish this
ltjtter, with regard to the recent bom
bardment of the British coast, at Scar
borough. My brother Is an .ofricer In
the Patrol, watch was erroneously
reported together with two other ahlpa
aa lying In the harbor without ateain
up and with the officers ashore. I
have Just received a letter from home
with more or loss full detail.
The Patrol (a email gunboat not
a cruiser) waa lying In tjte harbor, with
decks cleared of course. Upon Ilia
Ae Hi... ii.rmin cruiser
BJ)Iibui.. w ' ' ' - - - -- -
she Immediately put out to sea and
opened action, some time was m....-
J n-U. , ; -, an I . Ll I 1111
any conaumeu. i no -
no chancea. retired slowly. They had
every advantage both In speed and
guns. H. M. S. I'atrol was badly "holed."
and only just mauo me nsivu,
with the aid of towing.
"One more shall," elates my brother,
"would have llnlahed u; It waa a
miracle that we were not mink."
Tho casualties were slight, fortu
nately. Two men killed and seven
t , , I .. K-nth-f'a .-f. wee III
wounnea. mj - - -- ---
the Grand Hotel. West Hartlepool,
wnicn ri m i in. ' j . - - - "
The bombardment lasted about 35 min
utes.
i - ...., Oiat Mi.
H waa inuf'TJU imt.-ivu..... ..-. .
Patrol waa the only ehlp In the vicinity.
put mis IS appareniij kuv ...,.
Special Features
for
TOMORROW
A paffe reproduction of famous
paintings by Verostchapn. There
are live masterpieces wliieh oYpiet
war in the eastern theater minnc
Winter months, pivinpr an entirely
new insight into the riffora of Win
ter campaigning.
The Anto in War. "
A full pape, with VI photographs,
showing varied uses to which great
high-powered autos are put in the
war zone.
Montenegrin Warriors.
Kichard G. Conovcr writes in
terestingly of the hardy little
army of Montencgra, which fighlt
in the face of tremendous odds.
Full page, with photos.
Oregon's New Episcopal Bishop.
An intimate sketch cf the career
of Dr. Walter T. Sumner, who ha
just been eonseerated as bishop of
Oregon. Ho is one of Chicago'
foremost citizens, and the article,
which is illustrated, tells of his re
marriible work in that city.
Panama-California Exposition.
San Diego's Exposition is now
open and will be one of the chief
attractions for tourists who visit
the Pacific Coast. An article de
scriptive of the exposition is il
lustrated with pictures tuken on
the opening day.
Dentistry and Arithmetic.
Strange as it may seem, they
are being used to save the seals
aud salmon of the Northwest coun
try. Full-page feature, with photos.
A Modern Straw Hide.
Full-pago poster in brilliant
colors. A color page worth pre
serving. - Dolly Dip.
she visits (hf nncra. and. of
course, ends up by Inking part.
Full page in colors, witu verse mu
music.
The Children's Page.
illustrated features and
many short stories are provided for
the voting readers.
Countless Other Features.
Onier today of your newsdealer.