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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 9, 1915)
THE BIORVTXG OREGOXIAJf, SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1915. fOKTLAXD. OREGOM. Entered at Portland. Oracoa. Poatoffloa a sococd-eleaa matter, t Subscription Bate Invariably n advance. (Br Mall) ' Ialty. Sunday rneluded. ona yaar ... Illy, Sunday Included, alz montha . iDaily, Sunday Included, thraa montha 'Vty. bunday included, ona month - Patir. without Sunday, one yaar .... . . .. 4 .. Irally. without Sunday, ata montha la!iy. without Sunday, thraa montha fr liailr. without bunday, ona montlt AVeekly. one year ..........-. aonday, oat year ............ auaday and Weekly one year .... r IR. farrlar.l .. I-" .. J.60 . . -0 rtallv ftoviflav lnaluded. oaa year -.---' ;Ially. Sunday Included, ona month .. . i iit nmnA Poetofflce money .TS der. express order or personal check on your local bank, H tamos, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give posloHice addreaa la xuii. InlnH tr. Awtntw n rl ata I. Feetace Haifa It to la pares. 1 cent: IS to 23 paces, a centa; MUM paxea, a emu ; ad ia an ... a cesti: U to II pages. 'cents: 7a ta i naxea. cent. Foreign poat- -ami Hniikl. ra f mm "' Euln Raslneea Ofln TVTM Conk' 'lie. New York. Brunswick building; Chicago, tn-tenger bulidlna. i baa Fraaratrw Office K. J. BldweU Com rany. Market street. iroirrxANo. satikday. jax. . wis. WILSON'S FABT1BAN SrtEClI. ! President Wilson's) speech at In dianapolis la so partisan in tone that ;lt gives no consideration to the work done by the Republican party for th progress of the Nation during its long period of control or to the disaster -which has almost Invariably followed : Democratic supremacy. Only a man .blinded by partisanship could say the :Republlcan party has not had a new Idea In thirty years. ; During that period the Republican "party has passed and enforced the iantl-trust law and the several inter estate commerce laws; it has firmly es tablished the gold standard; it has lib erated Cuba, Porto Rico and Hawaii .from misrule: it has caused the Phil Mpplnes to make astonishing progress ;in training for self-government; it has Tatopped the looting of the public do main and has Inaugurated the policy tof conservation. It has upheld the 'American policy of protection and has :vastiy extended our foreign trade. It (has lifted our diplomatic service to a .plane where it won the respect of na- ;llona. It has reorganized the Army jand rebuilt the Navy. It has greatly (extended the application of the merit Jayatem to the civil service. It has passed numerous laws for civic better iment and for Improvement of the lot of workmen. It has built the Panama Canal, the greatest work In our history. For the second time In those thirty ' years the Democratic party is in full control of the Government and for the second time in that period it has passed a tariff law which caused witie j spread depression among our indus j tries. The greatest war the world has jever known is alone capable of miti- satin? the disastrous effects of the Underwood law. Only the determina- '. tion of a President wiser than his party forced the Democrats to repeal ; the silver-purchase law. The Income J tax which the Democratic party has ! imposed was made possible by Repub- i llcan votes for a constitutional amend i merit. The amendment providing di i rect election of Senators was forced J through Congress under Republican ; leadership. The Federal reserve law, i of which Mr. Wilson boasts, was pro- posed In substance by Republicans un ! der a Republican Administration. The - . -- 1 I 1 anu-trusi laws vmvn imve utrcu t'oeocu , by trie present Congress are so weak ( and ineffective as to win the con- j tempt of some of the ablest men in ; ilr. Wllson"s own party. : The best work of the Democratic i Administration was the fruit of Re j publican labors, and much of It was marred by the Inexpert hands of the Democrats who finished It. The worst : work of this Administration is that : which It Initiated. Besides the tariff ; and anti-trust laws, it Is responsible for the conservation bills, which I threaten to block the progress of the J West: for the Philippine bill, which . I would halt the progress of the islands aud would bring chaos there; for wild : extravagance in expenditure, which : necessitated a miscalled war tax when the Nation was at peace. In our for- '.eign affairs this Administration has . fostered anarchy In Mexico by Its In .effective meddling and has brought the name of America into contempt. It has surrendered our rights In the ! Panama Canal at the dictation of a foreign power and has besmirched our ; good name by the Colombian treaty. It has brought scandal upon us in ; Santo Domingo, making American di I plomacy a byword even In the West I Indies, notorious for malodorous po li lt U. In face of Its proved incompe- tence to manage the affairs en trusted to it, the Democratic party (now asks to be trusted further with the management of Government tele ' graph and telephone lines, and de mands that the Government be per mitted to buy ships and operate com mercial steamship lines. Mr. Wilson i assumes that the last-named measure is the only means of Increasing the merchant marine, though emancipa- tion of the shipping business from le- gal shackles is alone needed to tempt I private enterprise into it. After raak : ing such a record. Mr. Wilson has the audacity to deny the title "progres- slve" to the Republican party and to j claim it for the Democratic party. The Oregonlan dislikes to make a I seemingly partisan comparison of j party records. We prefer to discuss ; the acts of the Administration on their ; merits without regard to their bearing j on party politics except so far as vital ! party principles are concerned. But the President himself challenged the ! comparison In Ms Indianapolis speecft. I being blinded by partisanship to the weakness of his case. He has de scended from the high position which he took at his Inauguration, when he Invited the co-operation of all parties, and has voluntarily assumed the posi tion of a party leader, who can see no merit In his opponents, who seizes all credit for all good work and who fails to acknowledge a flaw In anything be has done. He himself Invites us so to regard and to discuss him, and we ac cept the Invitation. , One passage in Mr. Wilson's speech Indicates that he has descended even lower than the position of a part leader to that of a boss, who punishes by ostracism all who do not on all occasions stand by the organization. He vys: "If man won't play on a team, ha must get off the team," and he styles himself the captain of the - Democratic team Tor the present." These remarks imply that he would read out of the party Senator Reed, O' Gorman. Hitchcock. Martina and others who have opposed him. and whom he has ignored In filling Fed eral offices. If that be his purpose, he would better beware. The Senate , tan da ta a man behind these Senators Xa their controversy with, him, and persistence In his present course may spell disaster for his Administration. His predecessor tried to read Insur gents out of the party and was th "worst-licked" though the "best liked" of our Presidents. HOPELESS AS A ' PABTY. It is iuite disconcerting to find Mr. J. Sanger Fox, secretary of the Pro hibition party, speaking bitterly of "resubmission, bootlegging, law viola tion and all the evils attendant upon nonpartisan prohibition. - as tried in Maine, Kansas and other prohibition states" particularly Kansas. Before election it was quite Impos sible to discover a prohibitionist, par tisan or otherwise, who would admit that prohibition did not effectively prohibit in Kansas. But now that Oregon has adopted nonpartisan prohibition. It seems that Oregon is not to have real prohibition until it accepts the partisan variety We fancy that partisan prohibition will be long on the way. A quarter of a century or more agj, when Iowa had prohibition. It was quite freely predicted by the enthusi asts i.i that state that the time was near at hand -when National partit would not divide on tariff or any other issue except prohibition. One great party was to be wet. the other dry. Yet the dav has not yet come, ana in the meantime Iowa has backslid. Th. paity Prohibitionists helped th? state along the downward path. in 1890. although the Republicans d clared for a continuance of prohlb! tion, and the Democrats declared for high license, the Prohibitionists in slsted on having their own ticket, ond the Democrat won. It Is somewhat significant that the Prohibition party vote in 1890, when Iowa was dry. was only about 1200 and that it increased during the sub sequent wet period to more than 3000 in 1912, although the voting popula tion' did not greatly increase. On the other heed, Kansas cast its greatest prohibition vote In 1886. when the party polled S094. In 19101 the par-.y vote had dwindled to 2372. In prohl bition Maine the Prohibition party in 1312 cast its smallest vote In twenty eisht sears. Clearly .nonpartisan prohibitum is disastrous to the fortunes of the Pro hibition party. The party thrives only v. hcu prohibition is not in force either in form ot substance. MR. ALEXANDER'S MAGNA CHART.. When Representative Alexander characterizes the ship-purchase bill as the Magna Charta of American ship ping proclaiming freedom from the feudal barons of maritime commerce. he overlooks a few material facts bearing upon the subject. The law forbids ownership of trans oceanic lines by the same men as con trol railroads unless these lines are extensions of the railroad routes. The same law applies to coastwise lines. , All ships owned or controlled by railroads or trusts are denied the use of the Panama Canal. Hereafter a leamship company will be baoiy handicapped if its ships cannot pass through the Canal. The law was passed througn tne House by Mr. Alexander's own party therefore he should know of its exist ence. If he desires to anve oui t the shipping business all the wicked millionaires he mentioned in his Bos ton speech, why does he not stir up the Interstate Commerce Commission and the Attorney-General? It is their business to enforce this law Instead of creating a Government monopoly as a remedy for an alleged crivate monopoly, why does not Mr. Alexander introduce a bill emancipate na the shipping business from tne ansurd restrictions which cause oper ation of ships under the American flag to cost twice as much as under any oreign flag? Instead of denouncing the millionaires for taking advantage of a, situation which Congress Has created, he should denounce Congress for creating that situation. THE EATON CLAQUE. The leaders in the anvil chorus of tho country press, now hammering away for Eaton to be Speaker, are the Medford Mall Tribune (Democratic;, the Oregon City Courier (Democratic), Salem Capital Journal (Democratic), Pendleton East Oregonlan (Demo cratic), NewBarA-Enterprlse (Demo cratic), and a few others which have been misled by the false statements of Eaton as to the situation. Their pur pose is obvious. They are out to make trouble for the Legislature and par ticularly for the Republican majority. They do not hesitate, for mere parti san purposes, to stir up sectional feeling, hoping through the discomfit ure of' the Legislature to gain some advantage for themselves and tneir party. There is nothing more to it, except Eaton's ambition to be in con trol. It Is an unscrupulous and dis honest campaign on Eaton's part. nd nothing good can come out of it for himself or the state. It is hot creditable to any of these papers that they, or most of them, nave aaoptea. without investigation, and apparently without concern, Eaton's version of the contest. Mr. Eaton runs a bookblndery at Eugene and poses as some kind of an uthority on art. He is the particular Representative of the State University in the Legislature, and is well repaid for the interest he takes In that Insti tution. For example, since 1908 he has received practically all of the S040.89 spent by the university ror bookbinding. In 1914 he got all but 40 of the 995 expended for this pur pose. It is, ana nas oeen iran me first, given to him without competi tive bidding, at "about current rates." But the usefulness of the Lnlversity Eaton as an asset does not end there. He Is now on the universuys payroll as a lecturer on art and for the arrangement of art exhibits. For the first semester, ending February 1, 913. the sum of J3o0 has been ap propriated for Eaton's benefit by the regents. Is there any possible reason hy Eaton should have got tnis joo. except that he is a member of the Leg islature? This statement of Eaton's nanclal relations with the State Uni versity will doubtless be highly Inter esting to the Legislature and to the state. Mr. Selling, who Is a candidate for Speaker, has been twice State Senator for Multnomah County, iie is a mer chant of Portland, doing a large busi- The state would no doubt be a desirable customer. But he has had so scrupulous a regard, for his duty to the public that he has declined even to hid on state contracts for any kind of supplies, and has, directly or Indi rectly, sold no goods to the state or sought to profit hy his membership in the Legislature. Such a man as Mr. Selung'ougnt to be Speaker, and such a man as Eaton ousrht not to be. These are the rea- sorin not reasons of sectionalism, or TaaTanWe to avnr mythical Port, land ring or . any other such why The Oregonian has taken an active interest in this matter. The Orego nian contributed Its influence to the election of a representative legisla tive delegation from Multnomah County. It was everywhere hailed as desirable service. Now The Orego nlan hopes to see the fruition of that work by the Legislature. It can be done through Mr. Selling. It will not be done through Mr. Eaton. THE CONJUROR. The conjuror's art never loses its charm. The roses which he pours in fabulous abundance from his paper horn are eternally fresh. The rabbits which he creates in the hollow of his mystical hand squirm with agile life. The lady who turns into nothing be hind the walls of the magic box which she enters with smiles so ravishing is greeted with unfailing applause at her speedy resurrection. What becomes of her in the second or two when the box is covered with the wonder-working black veil? What becomes of the marl whom now we behold clinging like a monkey to the rope high up in the air and the next Instant he is not as Enoch was though, for a different reason, we fear, and In a different way. wno can retain his faith in spirit manifes tations in its full vigor as he looks on at the performances of a deft con juror? All that the visitants from tne other world are supposed to mane their long and difficult Journey to ex hibit he does and does It better than they. The spirits cannot work their won ders without elaborate incantations. There must be evocatory singing, dim lights, a receptive state of mind in the congregation. The conjuror asks for none of all this. He goes about his business satirically smiling, with an occasional Jeer at his own marvels. He works lightly, skimming over the mir acles as Camilla does over the unbend ing grain field. He makes a jest and creates living ducks from empty air. He smiles ironically and puts the laws of physics to rout before your eyes. From the top of the bald head's pon he rakes gold by the handfull. Why does he not make us all rich? He does make us all happy. It seems as if he might as easily dq the other trick. BELGIUM'S GREAT POET. Like most small countries, the salt of the earth, Belgium is prolific in art and literature. Everybody knows Maeterlinck and loves him, but Ver haegen is not so familiar to the public, although his poems are said by some critics to.be the best the modern world has produced, vernaegen nas oeen translated Into English by the Vien nese poet Stefan Zweig and published by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., so that his poems are accessible to all who wisn to read the best and highest. By some critics Verhaegen has been compared to Walt Whitman. He thinks and works bn the same colos sal scale as our poet of democracy and perhaps his ways are as uncouth. He has broken away completely from what is timorously revered as "poeti cal tradition." No moldy statues for Verhaegen's robust muse, no sobs and sighs over decayed cities in Italy or anywhere else. He is thoroughly anve. He delights in the noise and smoke of London. He loves the muscular work. men In the Belgian mills and mines. Human energy wakes the music of his song. Human triumphs over nature set his imagination on the wing for its highest flights. It is said of Verhaegen that his poems are written to oe sung or reuneu. They run best In speech, net in silent reading, and this is true of all the best poetry. Tennyson delighted to cnant his verses to visitors. So did Words worth, both of whom were great mas ters of the lyric mode. It Is well known that the cantos of the Iliad were recited in shin and camp for enturies before they were reduced to writing. The poetry which can not be read easily aloud lacks something es sential. That Is one reason why Browning failed somewhat in his duty o the world. He left his verse so in choate that It does not trip from the tongue. It must be pondered In the tudy like an algebraic equation, ur course It well repays all the study one can give It. but so does Kant s Crit ique of the Pure Reason. Still nobody would think of calling Kant a poet. It is the war that has brought ver haegen into the world's notice. Out of the worst evils some good is almost sure to flow, such are the mitigating providences that make life livable. THE LAW AS TO BOYCOTTS. Affirmation of the judgment re quiring the Danbury hatters to pay damages for Injury done by their boy cott of the Loew hat factory has sim ply reaffirmed the position the United States Supreme Court has aiwajs taken as to the right of labor unions to pursue lawfully their legitimate ob. Ject of bettering the condition of wage-earners. The Sherman law does not interfere with the pursuit of the unions' legitimate objects, for, the court has said, they "have nothing to do with interstate commerce as such. But unions have a power which, when unlawfuly used against one. cannot be met except by his purchas ing peace at the cost of submitting to terms which involve the sacrifice of rights protected by the Constitution or by standing on such rights and ap pealing to the protective powers oi a court of equity." The hatters' boycott was applied not only to the relations of the union members with the Loew factory itself, but extended to all who bought its products, whether wholesale or retail merchants. It thus obstructed inter state commerce and renaerea tne nion subject to exaction of treble damages, the amount of which is larger than any single penalty Im posed under the Sherman law. The individual members are held to have delegated authority to officers of the union to act for them and are there fore held liable for the consequences. The fact that the union is not incor porated does not relieve Its members of this liability, and thus one of the main arguments against incorporation of unions Is swept away. This decision was rendered under lite Sherman law as It stood before it was supplemented by the Federal Trade Commission law and the Clay ton anti-trust law. As to whether the latter law renders lawful a boycott which under the original law was un lawful, there rs a direct conflict of oninion between men most deeply In terested. Daniel Davenport, counsel of the anti-boycott association, holds that section of the Clayton law merely restates the law as It had been already defined by the courts. That section declares that nothing In the anti-trust laws "shall be construed to forbid the existence and operation of labor, agricultural or horticultural or.Jdaddle. . ganizatlons," or to forbid them "from lawfully carrying out the legitimate objects thereof." That is no more than the court has said. The Clayton law forbids injunctions against the lawful withdrawal, of patronage or re fusal to employ any party to such dis pute and such activities as recom mending, advising or persuading oth ers by peaceful and lawful means so to do. Mr. Davenport maintains that- the use of the word "lawful," in the ab sence of modification of the law as to legality of the boycott, leaves the status of that weapon of industrial warfare unchanged. He holds that. If the law were construed to legalize the boycott, it would deprive person's in jured by boycotts of property rights and would also invade the judicial power of the courts; hence It would be invalid. James A. Emery, counsel of the American Manufacturers' Association, on the other hand, holds that the boy cott is made legal by that section of the - Clayton law enumerating acts which may be done in a trade dispute with Immunity from the injunction. He holds this opinion because, after inserting the words "lawful" and "lawfully" throughout that section, Congress added these words: vr Rhnll nnv of the acts specified In this paragraph he considered or held unlawful. The foregoing sentence constitutes an amendment which was submitted by the American Federation of Labor and It appears to declare lawful in any circumstances all the acts which are permitted only If lawful throughout the rest of the section. The Clayton law seems to have increased the am- bitruity of the anti-trust statutes, so far as they relate to labor unions. . We shall not know until that law has been, construed by the courts whether the Danbury hatters will be the last labor unionists to be penalized for boycotting. Though the proviso quot ed may have been intenldeB to legalize the boycott, we must await decisions by the highest court before we shall know whether such an exception to the general provisions of the law will stand under the Constitution. Similarity of names sometimes causes contusion ana morse. rui example: ' The young man who killed ' Ralph - Brown at Kaskela was said to be Clarence Bettis. His name is Pettis. There is In that region a young man of about the same age named Clarence Bettis, nn or .T M. Bettis. well known In Washington County, where the family resided many years.' Two years ago Mr. Bettis and his sons moved Into Crook County, where they are farming and growing stock on an extensive scale. Clarence Bettis. who is well known in the younger set around Hillsboro as "Casey," resents the im plication, and he has a Just grievance. The fine assessed against people who drive by a streetcar discharging passengers is not large and does not diminish the number of orrenaers. inc person alighting cannot easily turn to gaze backward and a reckless driver can cause lifelong misery or death. The penalty should be made so severe that nobody will dare brean. tne law. For the forthcoming city election it might be a good plan to have the day boards composed entirely ot women and the nierht boards of men. While in the eternal fitness of things mun dane a woman is so well qualified to serve on a night board, there is a jar in the scheme, and as an equalizer the suggestion is offered 1 Following a football game between German and British soldiers at the front, German authorities have forbid den further fraternizing with the en emy. DouDUess uennan uianum-iiu-o, after assembling football casualty data, decided that war Is bad enough. A local woman is suing for a decree because her husband padded to con ceal a deformity.- The villain! By the way, you never hear of a man making aimi'lar complaint, for reasons so ob vious they need not be mentioned. Germans say the British would have cut one of their armies in two Dy 101-inwtne- ud a certain advantage. We suspect that, having failed to wipe the British out, the Germans are now twitting them. We have it. Let's move our citizens back from the borders ana can an those home from abroad. That is the logical thing to do since we are un willing to give them adequate pro tection. . rrhll yesterday ordered a former President of the republic to leave the country. If that plan were to spreau northward, what a world or joy wouia be missed. Day-old bread is urged by Chl- cagoans as an economy move. Yes, we may be eating it a week old If wheat keeps going up. Villa's threats to attack the border towns with 8000 men prings me Washington Administration's latest bluff to a showdown. . Rmosure to the weather of soldiers in the trenches is nothing compared with that suffered by the local war college. An American dollar -has a buying value of 11.05 in Switzerland. And that of about 15 cents here. Anyone with the power of "seeing things" ought to be able to Join a mag ical society Just formed here., - Italv. with a million fresh men. should prove a great asset to the side she finally lines up with. If oDDOsing troops are not allowed to fraternize the soldiers may find out what the war is about. The wheat thermometer continues to act in the manner of mercury on a hot morning. The trouble with the "Sick Man of Europe" is lack of something to make him move. Ta Villa's Dlan to attack border towns to go through unhampered? Great Britain will remedy our com- plainta in part. Why not In full? Mexico is bursting In on the front page space again. The Legislature pruning knife is sharpening the The Austrians have learned to ske- 1 Half a Century Ago. From Tho Morning; Oreg-onian Jan. 9. 1SC5. George Austin, brother of R, D. and Cornelius Austin, of this city, and former war correspondent of the Ore gon Dally Times, has been taken by the rebels to Libby Prison. Company E. First Regiment, Oregon Infantry, numbering 85 men, were mus tered into the service of the United States last Saturday by Lieutenant Kapus, of this city. The officers of the company, commissioned by Governor Gibbs, are: K. O. McCown, Captain; J. B. Dimlck, First Lieutenant, and J. M. Gale, Second Lieutenant. Washington. Jan. 8. Kentucky is talking seriously of emancipation, and Governor Bramlette rejoices greatly in his message over Union - successes achieved. The state may have, voted McClelian, but ehe meant Union all' the while, and is providing 70,000 soldiers for our Army. The "Loring Farm," situated In the vicinity of this city, has been sold at auction by Colonel W. W. Chapman for 85000 to Arthur Fay. . The ladies of the M. E. Church pro noss to Eive an os'ster supper at th late Armory of Company A, on Front street, between Yamhill and Taylor streets, tomorrow evening, the proceeds to ga in aid of the erection of a new church edifice. The bark Industry, captained by Louis Master, arrived today from San Francisco with a consignment of nver chandise to Richards & McCracken. Ten days were consumed on the journey. The Richmond papers own that th cannonade on Fort Fisher was the severest ever experienced In the an nals of war. The slack attendance at Willamette Theater of a month since getting on our nerves, we are pleased to see beginning to change off ' to better houses. The audience Saturday night was quite liberal. HISTORIAN'S STATEMENT DOUBTED Other Authorities Dispute Assertion 'That Seward Was Slaveholder, EUGENE. Or.. Jan. 7. (To the Edl tor.) In a recent editorial you stated that William H. Seward "despised Lin coin and was himself a slaveholder. Two correspondents demanded your authority, and you cited the book "Statesmen of the Old South," written by W. E. Dodd. who you Bay Is pro feasor of American history at Chicago University and "an acknowledged au thority on his subject," and there the matter ended. I am a New Yorker by birth and have some personal reasons that make me desire to correefwhat seems to me ail iiijusLivo. Mr. Dodd, by a recent biographical sketch, is shown to be a native of North Carolina, to have been educated In Virginia, and until comparatively recently to have been a professor of history at a Virginia college. I cannot but think that early environment has had something to do with making the professor over-appreciative or jerrer son Davis and at the same time un ftnnreeiativft of Mr. Seward. I have verified my former belief by examining available encyclopedias ana histories and by an inquiry of the Sew ard family at Auburn. N. Y. The pres ent William H. Seward explicitly and unequivocally denies that the ex-Secretary of State ever had or claimed own ership of any slave. The authorities at hand seem to justify this family statement Negro slavery existed in the State of New York at the blrtn or w imam n. Seward, and his father. Dr. Samuel S. Seward, had three slave servants. Two voir, hef ore the Dirtn ot w 1111am n the New York Legislature provided for the gradual abolition of slavery in that state, and slavery had practically ceased when William reached majority, in 1821. He was admitted to the bar that vear. entered at once upon a very sue cessful professional career and did not afterwards live at home. JLr. oewara lived until 1S49. and the slaves re malned his property until the legal title to them had ceased by operation of law. The only relation of the son to them was in providing generously for them in their old age. Now for the inference that Seward wa.a indifferent to the wrong or slav ery. In his autobiography, Mr. Sew ard sa.ys that his youthful observation of slaves and slavery made him an abolitionist. At 37 he became Governor nf New York and one of the marked acts of his administration was his declination to return to Virginia negro seamen demanded by the Governor, of that state as fugitive slaves. At tne close of his second term as Governor ho resumed Iecral Dractice. ana snortiy, and very much agflmst his professional Interests, accented0 two cases tnar. hrnuitht him intd no little disfavor, The first was the defense of John Van Zandt, accused of aiding a slave to es cape. The second was the defense of the neero. Freeman, who had commit ted an atrocious murder, put. wnom Mr. Seward zealously defended on tne cround that the negro was in fact in sane, but was still entitled to the same consideration in this respect-as a white person. His address in this case was pronounced by W. B. Gladstone as "the e-reatest forensic eriort in linBlian- Aa a Dublic speaKer Mr. tsewara wa.s one of the first to declare slavery lm- nnsslhle in the republic. In tne annex atlon of Texas controversy he charged that to increase the slave power was to "subvert the Constitution. ' At Cleve land In 1848 he said: "Slavery must be nhniished and vou and I must do it. On the admission of California he made the famous declaration that there was a "higher law than the constitution, referring to the natural right to lib erty, and at Rochester in 1858 he made famous mat equauy api cvijiwotuu that the slave controversy was "an ir repressible conflict." He was an early, zealous, untiring advocate of freedom for the black man. Whether or not Seward aespisea Lincoln is a matter of opinion. I have re-examined Nicolay and Hay with this thought in view and I find nothing to indicate that they tnougnt sucn was the case. They say that he was a tire less natient worker for the Union cause, and they record Mr. Lincoln's characterization of him as a man without guile." S. D. ALLEN. Care of Tnberclar Patients. PORTLAND. Jan. 7. (To the Ed itor.) Kindly Inform me If there la a sanitarium anywhere in this vicinity where a person without funds to pay for same may receive free treatment for tuberculosis. I have heard so much of the great good accomplished through the sale of Red CroBs stamps for this dread dis ease, it is mine to have for a near neighbor a young girl in the first stage, at least, perhaps the second of this dis ease, and from lack ot funds unable to pay for treatment at a sanitarium. Kindly give me information on the subject. ' AN IGNORANT SUBSCRIBER. Write to Mrs. Sadie-Orr Dunbar, 7118 Fifty -third avenue. Southeast, Portland, or phone to her. Tabor 30S4. Confederate Money W'orthle-aa. WEDDERBURN. Or.. Jan. 6. (To the Editor.) Kindly inform me as to the value of a ten dollar Confederate bill. It has Richmond on it, also February 11, 1864. If it is worth more than face value, where could I send it to receive the difference, or is it worth.face value? HOLLIS R. CLARNO. A Confederate bill is about as value able as a picture postcard. Someone might be willing to pay a trifling sum Xor jt as a curiosity. GAME LAW OPPRESSES FARMERS Lack of Elasticity Makes Their Flocka Prey of Predatory Animals. KINGS VALLEY. Or.. Jan. 7 (To the Editor.) The Kirsxs Valley settlement in Benton County Is "up in arms" anent the recent arrest of "Hy" Plunkett for the 'alleged offense of running deer with dogs. It appears that the formers in that valley are raising sheep and goats aa ah additional means of making a livelihood: it also is well and gen erally known that cougar, wildcats and coyotes are a continual menace to all stock in general, and sheep and goats In particular. The ranchers, to protect their flocks, have to have dogs, and without dogs the varminta would soon destroy these delectable tid-bita with the result that practically every rancher would have to quit business. , Now the great State of Oregon haa on its statute books a lot of game laws designed for the protection of beaver, deer and other animals. "Thou ahalt not" is the burden of the statute and nowhere is there a saving clause cov ering a ainele exception, that would protect the flocks, crops or orchards of this state. The enforcement of these laws is largely in the hands of the Game Warden and his deputies. Thou sands of dollars are collected anntially for fishing and hunting licences and these funds are expended principally for salaries axid expenses of a lot of hungry officers and are dissipated by wanton and wasteful extravagances. A zealous game warden caused Plun kett's arrest upon the suspicion that dogs, which he alleges were Plunkett's, were running deer eight miles from Plunkett's residence in King's Valley, and because somebody told him they were Plunkett's hounds. There are two sides to this controversy that will undoubtedly be developed at the trial of Plunkett on this charge, and Plun kett intends to stand his ground. Mean while, those who have suffered loss to their flocks by reason of the existence of numerous coyotes and other var mints are wondering what the outcome is going to be, and whether the coming Legislature will make the state safe for their flocks, or whether Oregon is to continue a game preserve and tho habitation of destructive wild animals. As an instance, beaver are protected by law. What for? Everybody knows the tendency of beaver to cut trees, and they are a positive nuisance to ranchers along many creeks and rivers who presume to set out orchards, since beaver don't discriminate between fruit trees and other wood. Bill Goldson, living on Mary's River, southwest of Corvallis, planted 100 peach trees three years ago on some bottom land suitable to growing fruit of all kinds, and after cultivating his little orchard and seeing some of the trees come into bearing this year, no ticed that his small orchard was being cut off and removed by beaver. Bill has a family to make a living for. and what spare time he had, during the day time, kept watch to drive the beaver out, but the beaver dlan t get arouna the orchard in the day time, and Bill couldn't work and watch days and nights, too. Besides, Bill realized that to keep the beaver out of his orchard on dark nights would have necessitated the use of dogs, or a kind of a "pussy- wants - a - corner" game with every Deach tree that was left as the ob- lective goal. The result is that Bill's entire or chard and all his -work has been sacri ficed because the laws In substance av "Thou Bhalt not kill beaver." Had he done so the penalty would have been drastic enough to show Bill where to "head in at," and a deputy game war den would have attended to all the de- tftila. TherA In nn remedy or relief for the destruction of orchards, crops or riocKs by the wild animals which it has oeen the policy of the state to protect. The owners of orchards ana nouns tn rage and stand helpless, since no ac tion can be maintained against the state for reparation. The ward heelers and politicians, with a single eye on a nice, easy, tat appointive jou wueie thev can draw salaries and their ex penses, are the sole beneficiaries under tho game laws ana us aaminiKirainin. The poor devils that exiat in the hills. and are taxed "coming and going, are expected to smother etheir feelings, pocket their losses and act cheerfully, or, If they don't like it, they can move out. Meanwhile the cltTfcens of Oregon can either quit trying to raise Btock or anything else, defend themselves in court against sucn cnarges as are maue against Plunkett, and let the powers that be turn the state into a game pre rvn and sDortsman's paradise, or move to have some legislation enacted that will protect the flocks. Which does Benton County think the most desirable? By the way, it wouldn't be a bad idea to put a crimp In the game warden's office or abolish It alto gether. FAIR PLAY. HOPE RESTS IN POLITICAL PARTY Only Partisan Problbltlon will i Oregon Really Dry, Sara Secretary. PORTLAND. Jan. 8. (To the Edi tor.) I notice in your editorial columns : statement that we Prohibitionists should favor a political party for every social reform on the carpet." Permit me to say that whenever a social evil has become such a menace to our country that its perpetrators control our dominant political parties then, indeed, I do favor it, but I un hesitatingly declare that it Is the only sensible method to rid the Nation of an evil thus ensconed. The Prohibition party in state ana Nation stands today, and always has stood, as the champion of social and political reform. The direct vote for United States Senator and equal auf frage for women are two reforms ad vocated by us since 1872. This party was the pioneer in advocating control of private corporations, conservation of National resources. In opposing dis criminations of Capital against labor and monopolistic and class legislation.! Upon the question of all reforms re quiring political action, we have always been in the lead, although re cently other parties have adopted planks for which we have created public sentiment. Your own cnampion, ex-r-resiucnt Taft, Is authority for tne statement: This Is a government by political par. ties and there should be party respon sibility." President Wilson says: Great measures, under our system oi government, must necessarily be party measures." The liquor traffic Is a crime and must be annihilated, and the task must ultimately Be nanaiea as completely and as surely as the aboli tion of slavery. Surely this classes it aa a "great measure." Russia has accomplished this pri marily by administrative rather than by legislative methods. Goethals has rid Panama ot tne curse Dy m same means. It is surely a mow to our National pride to think that we. aa a Nation, cannot see as clearly ana act : decisively as Russia. We Prohibitionists have been fight- ntr for over 40 years for this, and predict that tne uay-spring la i hand" when we shall see elected to power in White House, Statehouse and Courthouse an administration pledged to free, actually and for all time, our fair land of thie, the greatest curse now licensed to exist. Resubmission, bootlegging, law-violation and all the evils attendant upon non-partiaan pro hibition, as tried In Maine, Kansas and other prohibition states, will then bo unknown. Oresron. In 1915. will have the oppor tunity of leading the way and showing the Nation that a real Prohibition state is an actual possibility; our efforts are focussed at making this an accom plished fact. J. SANGER FOX. Executive Secretary Oregon Prohibition State Committee. , Twenty-Five Year Ago. from The Orefc-onlau, January a. 110. Wasnington. rWnator Mttshell, tt Oregon, introduced a petition from the old Bohliera of Oregon asking that a reduction l-e made in the revenue until tiie lrcislut'.on prepared by the Na tional Grand Army committee haa been enacted. Victoria. 13. C. Lady DoukIh rellrt of the flit Governor of British Colum bia, the late Sir James Douglas, died last night, aged 73. Oregon City. F. V. Drake and V. ". Barlow have asked for a franchise for a railroad along the county roads frotn t-ellwood to Burlow station: also from the White House to Oregon Cllv The scheme Is unfavorably received. !". II. Martin, secretary, ha Issued the call for tho next regular meeting of the Builders' Asaoi-latlon, whlth mill be held this evening at Yotin'a Hall. The meeting Is called by order of tho president. J. C. liayer. Daniel Kelly haa assm-tated with himself John liannaford. aiul they IU conduct a general plumhlnc huplnena on Fourth street near Taylor street. Dr. W. W. Green haa tnken rharce of Dr. Stryker's office during the latter a abaeuL-e. The St. Lou In Browns, the ra' k baseball nine, will arrive at 10:40 to day from ban Francisco. There will bn a band and a larme delegation lo meet them at the depot. Saturday and sun day evenings the team member! will Sive exhibitions at the pavilion; how. ing .among other things some lam y curved ball pitching. Fred O. Howell, formerly bookkeeper for Sutton & Beebee. has juat returned from an European trip. Last night about mldnltrht the steam er J. Ordway waa burned tb tlie until edge while lying In Winter uuarteia. near Wledler'a mill. Captain Lombard expert to hae 'il Hood Kiver icehoimo filled to lapaciy 5000 tons by tomorrow. Ex-Governor George L. Woods, after a long and painful illness, died Tues day night. January 7. at St. Vlncenfo Hospital. Ex-Uovertior Woods waa born In Missouri in 1832; educated In Oregon, and active In civic arid political affairs in Oregon, Idaho. Utah and Cali fornia. He waa a Lincoln elector. He also was appointed Governor of I'tah In 1871 by Urant, after having Detin elect ed Republican Oovernor of Oregon In 1866. He was County Judge at Wasro County. Oregon, in 1S6S. It was In 1865 that he was nominated associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Idaho. Mrs. Woods la a daughter of the late Dr. McBride, of St. Helena, She la In Los Angelea. ONLY ONH GUNBOAT IV HARBOR Small Britten Veaarl Plueklly Knaaard German Crnlaera Off Hearboroua". pnTT.ln .Tan II (To the liiltor. I think it may be of Interest to the public if you care to publish this ltjtter, with regard to the recent bom bardment of the British coast, at Scar borough. My brother Is an .ofricer In the Patrol, watch was erroneously reported together with two other ahlpa aa lying In the harbor without ateain up and with the officers ashore. I have Just received a letter from home with more or loss full detail. The Patrol (a email gunboat not a cruiser) waa lying In tjte harbor, with decks cleared of course. Upon Ilia Ae Hi... ii.rmin cruiser BJ)Iibui.. w ' ' ' - - - -- - she Immediately put out to sea and opened action, some time was m....- J n-U. , ; -, an I . Ll I 1111 any conaumeu. i no - no chancea. retired slowly. They had every advantage both In speed and guns. H. M. S. I'atrol was badly "holed." and only just mauo me nsivu, with the aid of towing. "One more shall," elates my brother, "would have llnlahed u; It waa a miracle that we were not mink." Tho casualties were slight, fortu nately. Two men killed and seven t , , I .. K-nth-f'a .-f. wee III wounnea. mj - - -- --- the Grand Hotel. West Hartlepool, wnicn ri m i in. ' j . - - - " The bombardment lasted about 35 min utes. i - ...., Oiat Mi. H waa inuf'TJU imt.-ivu..... ..-. . Patrol waa the only ehlp In the vicinity. put mis IS appareniij kuv ...,. Special Features for TOMORROW A paffe reproduction of famous paintings by Verostchapn. There are live masterpieces wliieh oYpiet war in the eastern theater minnc Winter months, pivinpr an entirely new insight into the riffora of Win ter campaigning. The Anto in War. " A full pape, with VI photographs, showing varied uses to which great high-powered autos are put in the war zone. Montenegrin Warriors. Kichard G. Conovcr writes in terestingly of the hardy little army of Montencgra, which fighlt in the face of tremendous odds. Full page, with photos. Oregon's New Episcopal Bishop. An intimate sketch cf the career of Dr. Walter T. Sumner, who ha just been eonseerated as bishop of Oregon. Ho is one of Chicago' foremost citizens, and the article, which is illustrated, tells of his re marriible work in that city. Panama-California Exposition. San Diego's Exposition is now open and will be one of the chief attractions for tourists who visit the Pacific Coast. An article de scriptive of the exposition is il lustrated with pictures tuken on the opening day. Dentistry and Arithmetic. Strange as it may seem, they are being used to save the seals aud salmon of the Northwest coun try. Full-page feature, with photos. A Modern Straw Hide. Full-pago poster in brilliant colors. A color page worth pre serving. - Dolly Dip. she visits (hf nncra. and. of course, ends up by Inking part. Full page in colors, witu verse mu music. The Children's Page. illustrated features and many short stories are provided for the voting readers. Countless Other Features. Onier today of your newsdealer.