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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 5, 1915)
TIIE MORXIXG OREGOXIAy, TUESDAY. JA?HJARY -3, 1915. 6 J C PORTLAND. OBMOS. ' Entered at Portland. O rag on. poetoffloe MMEd-cUa matter. ..-. t; Cebecriptloa Rates IttaM advance. (Br stalO - T&anr. "under Included.- on year rail. Sunday Included, els months r . . i i a .kM. mnnlhl ... - . , XJSiljr. tUQU7 uciuun " - " Ially. Sunday included. one month ... I Daily, without Sunday, one year - - - Daily, without Sunday, ai month . . f? Xielly. without Sunday, three months .. i baily, without Sunday, oaa month .... r- Weekly, one year V. bunday. ona year ----- Sunday and Weekly ona year .75 00 IS 1.T5 .SO 1.40 t By lmr.l JJalTy. Sunday included, ona year "'" . ; DaJlv. Sunday Included, one month " !:" !niJffcn.c? or meantime to brood over the murder I der. express order or m J' atLno rehearse. In his cywn feeble mind jocaj iran a aumpa. au w - , , ..,-!-.-. ri.k aiv. ooatonica addreaa la rou. F! Including county and state. .. ''TfTJ'rTZ..- il , cent.; . - V T. . i u is nagea. S Ji crau; 7$ to 2 pages. cents. Foreign post- ; ae. double rata. ninm-rm A CoIlk. S vflSSSZSlttiam c lucia building, Kea Frw-tee OSTce B. J. BIdweU Com- h. pacy. n-J Market street. - - ZTZZTZ 77Z I lata, I-OKTLAMJ. TIKSDAY. JA3T. . IMS. . .. oaeSat B Ofi uiy.w.' .1. .a aHnnHnn nf the antl-canital nunishmeni amendment ... n anma other evidence tnan . . . - -; the revelaUons in the Wehrman case r- Jn the beginning It may be said that . i-i . A v,. inhn Arthur nimosi Kimuuv a "uuui Pender would not have been nangea fn, mtirrier HTM if the bill tO abolish w. capital punishment had failed or en- ctment. So far as Governor West Is oncerned. he had In effect passea fate of Pender on to his successor r on to n Before election he declared it his pur- pose to grant a stay of execution in tne case unUl some time aunng tne ro- p.nHer wiut convicted on the film iest of evidence. The case against Vim una almost io.h ollv Inference and conflicting testimony, with a few small circumstances partially to jusiny . suspicion that was directed against it i hardlv nonceivable that Withvcombe would have permitted Pender to hang, once the am. i-na falrlv presented to him. Yes. Innocent men are sometimes hanged. Innocent men, too, some iim.. r their Uvea away In prison ' NVIther should be true. That these ,r fa-ta rinM not In Itself jus tify abolishment of the noose any more than It Justifies abolishment of penitentiaries. Truth is that punish ... ment of the Innocent Is indicative only of errors in our Judicial proceaure. -.. .minai ttHAla are not conduct ed bv the prosecution and defense sofely with intent to see that exact "" justice is done. The whole aim of the T,wi.tion L to convicu The sole purpose of the defense is to secure . , acquittal. The trial Judge sits merely ..kiiA. over two wartins- ele- menta. himself uninformed as to what circumstances bearing on tne crime either element may elect to suppress or misrepresent. In respect to the fancied bearing upon capital punishment of the Pender . .nA u n t im en tal newsDaper re- calls the fate of a prisoner who was . proved Innocent arter serving ihictu years. "By reason of the long Incar r ,,tinn and hla melancholy reflec tions over his unjust punishment, his -inind failed shortly alter nis reienjre an1 k aoon died. P Sad indeed! How much sadder It I wronM hava been had he been hanged K j In the beginning! Throughout all ' eternity this man will have the satls 2! faction of recalling that a beneficent t 1 law permitted him to suffer lingering ' death Instead of ending it all jn a few , momenta a 1 The point Is not that imposition of f . . -w I huir. hpan r. mi cram jeiiaiij " v' " " 2 '. mercy In his case. It la that his sub- ' Jection to the torture of undeserved lra I I prlsonment until reason departed and a : it.mii olaimod him was a crying ln- 5 Justice and a sacrifice to the mockery " l,l.nriiHiiia w j The law says that no man shall be 3 convicted of crime unless his guilt be J proved beyond a reasonable doubt. j Reasonable doubt ought to be as 5 , carceration as against the treading of 5 the gallows. Pender was convicieu m : spile of reasonable doubt as to his guilt. If, as now seems probable, he i shall be proved Innocent beyond a m reasonable doubt, the three years of life he has given to gratify a public demand that a victim pay the penalty for revolting crimes can never be re turned to him nor fully recompensed. t nia rase impel us to iniroaiicuiiwu i"t . - - - lAn nui 11 w . . .l..Ua 4 v,o ahnnl for Feeble-Minded. and a correction or court oeec. Justice may not again be detnronea oy J clamor nor by blunders of the legal I ,,-,,m I " TWO COIBTS 1" COMT-ItT There Is an apparent conflict be tween the decisions of the United States courts at Philadelphia and St. Louis In their interpretation of the anti-trust law. The St. Louis court held the Harvester Company -to be il legal tor the sole reason that it con trolled so large a percentage of the business as to be a monopoly, though Jt had not used its power Injuriously. The Philadelphia court now re fuses to condemn the Keystone Watch rase Company, though it controls a t large percentage or tne nilea watcn : case business of the country and though the court found that it had : attempted to use Its power "by at- tempting to fix and maintain prices J by using a species of boycott or black listing. In order to lessen the trade of t Hvula" In the face of this finding. . the court says that "when a large busl ourt sa that "when, large busl- has proved Itself to be beneficial a . v. f,,t to the oommunifv It 1 ihouid not be condemned because It Is Z.Urxe- S; Vhe Sherman law condemn, a mo- S'-orani. w.uaa. It 1. a monopoly, and 1 .he attempt to boycott implies hat the Keystone Company is a monopoly. w .. a tnite. eonalona ' ai.,, of mononoltstlc rower. The a . i or 1 1 1 ii aaii aaiiaruifa i-m-'-'J . law condemns monopoly because it has & this power, because this power Is lnlm I Iral to free competition and because its possession implies Its exercise. " Ex-President Taft said that when men combine several corporations 1 with the effect that they control a 2 certain Industry It Is to be presumed 2 that theypurpoae to. produce that ef J feet and to exercise the power gained" T by the ornblnatlon. His idea was that the mere possession of such power is in the eye of the law a public danger. This principle conveys no condem nation of business because it Is large. There Is ample scope for a single busi ness to grow to the largest proportions which can make use of modern meth i ods and bring about economy, and yet "-:not to grow to the dimensions of a monopoly which, by 1U very existence, endangers competition. A decision by the United SUtri Supreme Court Is reeded to reconcile the conflict be- twen the two lower courts, and It may result 'rom the appeal just .. 1 by the Harvester Company. SIERKS' COXIIM'W- It will have been observed by those who read Mr. Thacher's study of John Sierks In The Oregonlan Monday ... . . . .tA morning that tne criminologist antic! morUUlg UlUL l"C timuwiUB piled much of the attempt to pick to ni ihd haif.,wit'B confession. Mr. Thacher distinctly said that he did not believe that certain of the de tails, nf the. confession were accurate. t-WIThe same details are now subjected to rtinniitR. Tt must be remembered that several years have elapsed since the commission of the crime, mat I s Vw hn. hajt nnnortunity in the i t n mieht sav If compelled or I inrliioeH to tell the story. He was familiar with some of the detail of the evidence adduced at the M&1 of John Artnur Pender, who is now serving sentence for the murder. It is- the most natural thing in the world for a feeble-minded person to confuse with what he has heard or read- events that actually occurred at a time when his brain was sodden TLf,aor It would be aimnet nhcttrii to evneet a normal man l. 1 . ...t t V. miifi1 no PttPlll AT1 tV u ici&iD n mi -. I fall that hfturj ened on a niffht follow- lng an all-day liquor debauch. i Tv. r. wrtn waoT fofiTfir in t n Liidi "" """'" -- - points to the substantial irutn 01 glerks. confesslon is the nature of the ima It nad nono of the aspects of , . coja premeaitatea muraer or ut mm- dgr wnlch a man was prepared . i. i, t,- thmirrod In a 1 IU LUIlllllll ai " J " - - purpose It was perpetrated in Insane frenzy to wnich Pender is not known De addicted, while Sierks is. Klerks Is a degenerate, a nair-wit wJth homlcI(jai tendencies, dangerous wnen croSsed and confesses to having atterapted assault upon his own mother. He was but ten miles from the Wehrman cabin on the day pre ceding the night of the murder. He uo infatuated with Mrs. Wehrman. He was suspected, so he says, by his own family or being tne guniy one. iinr. ora pirptimstajicffl at least as strong as those on which Pender was convicted. There are certain phases of the sierira oonfesslon that' can be checked as to truth. No effort should be spared to confirm It. ir tne Dunet ne says is In the Wehrman cabin wall, or the revolver he says he burled In the gar der is found, the confession will have Kon Biihatantlotert in the minds Of all intelligent persons, regardless of what Sierks says Jn the matter of other details. WHAT'S I P? i ne oaiem cuyjuu ouu(,a ,a offended because as It says the "Portland ring" Is laying plans to or- . , - v. t j,. ganize me next sesbiun ui iuo ucjiieiatj lature. l ne iweive ciuzens w " maae .m the Hnma deleiration from Mult nomah and the seven other citizens who have been chosen for the Senate, will be much interested, no doubt, to learn from unlmpeacnaoie aaiem au thority that they constitute a ring. liiuriiv h.ij wv..w..w ... ... r or ineir own seiiisn ri:u"ii. sons, they are accused of having gone out to Lake County, 600 miles from . a i at mt.Amnaon for President of the Senate, and to he eoncoirerf tocnther under the . . ... . . . malelicent direction 01 im uiej"- ... - . i .- nlan to name Mr. selling irom taeir own numoer tor opeaacr snneara to ha the idea in the r - Journal office that the portiana aeie Journal on ice tnat tne rutuimu ucic- gaUon has no right to act together . . ...11 for any purpose or to nave a iaaia-i Hate for anrthinr The Oregonlan would De pieasea to hue the Kfilam nanar or anv other little Democratic Journalistic cuckoo of like mind, say precisely what wicked deeds they think Portland can be contemplating. It must be that, throwing their professions of economy to the winds, they plan to plunge their arms to the elbows into the state treasury and return with enormous sums for the benefit or poruana. Doubtless they will seek to perpetuate the atiioennoua arraft of 31000 per annum for the Oregon Humane Society, or $000 per annum for the paiion uome or mono for the Oregon His torical Society, or 17500 for the Flor ence Crittenton Home, or one or two other similar itema which altogether make up Portland's largess from the state. It must be so indeed. We cannot imagine It possible tnat DAii.nri la siiV7??rteri of a dark design to cut off the 1600,000 biennial appro- propriatlon ror tne uregon iiibuo Asylum, located at Salem, or J200.000 for the State Penitentiary, or s-uu . or ..,vvu T Schoo . or MJ.000 for the Blind School, Or JOU.UUU wr mo muuou Rehnni. or 130.000 for the State iair. t on., of the innumerable SDecial appropriations, sucn as Jiu,u ir -f 1" r . h new lihrarr huildin?. everV Leg islature Is called upon to make, with great resultant benefit to Salem. It is a fact that the average biennial ap- nronriation of an Oretion Legislature. including continuing appropriations, are nearly 6, 000. 000, and one-half, OP more about $2,000,000 Is spent in and around Salem. Now we really should like to know hat the Salem paper thinks the Portland "ring" contemplates doing. The Portland "ring" two years ago chuse both Speaker and President from Portland. ' Just see what hap pened to hurt Salem and help Port land. XKGRO BLOOD, The miaatinn whether Mrs. Arthur Uttle. of Detroit, has "ef" " her -veins or not do not s-era to us Little, of Detroit, has negro blood In to be of the first importance. n might have a generous Jnfusion of that particular fluid and still be a worthy woman abounding in good well advanced on the way to a home In glory. These matte 01 ir . ' anurra or a woman S VIIaM IIUIU, i a- i man's either for that matter. 'l who wants .11. from her after a vear of mar ried life, says she is the daughter of a full-blooded negro man and a "col ored woman." Her own story is that she Is the daughter of a white couple who died In her babyhood. Since she is described as a . "golden-haired blonde," her account of the matter reads more- credibly than her hus band's. It would be interesting to learn how he came to light upon the story of her negro blood as a ground for divorce proceedings. To convince a judge that his contention was true some sparks of evidence would be de sirable and Little has none at all. His wife might have a faint trace of negro blood and still show no pat ent signs of it in complexion, hair or features. She would of course possess the Mendelian units of heredity that came from her dark ancestors, but they might all lie latent, or recessive her last ..t6- -- ! aoao inraihla that aha Should H ootoa In freriihle. that she should not show at least few marks of her oriirln- According to the. accounts Mn. aro he found. A fuljbiooded negro father could have transmitted to her only authentic negro traits. He could not have given i ti. ,.n4. ff hereditV. 1 .. j for the excellent reason that he had ner a. suuutr iijlc u.l - none to trnnom it Her mother. learn, was merely "colored"; she may not have been all negro, in mat cas she might have transmitted "white" Mendelian units, but not any more than she herself possessed eitner rlnminant or recessive traits. That nersnn aceuratelv "white" In all her qualities should have been produced by such a parentage is n"t heltaVAO1 The sole fact that tells for Mr. Little t. the hie-h imnrohnhilitv of the exist ence of a "pure-blooded negro", in the country. Pure races are a myin u lln.nlm Thau arlat nnlV In the eX olted Im.iiriristinns of anery husbands and fierhtinar politicians. Science known little or nothine of them. The ha n noa ore t hat even if Mrs. Little father was colored he had a good deal of "white blood and was moremro able to transmit the Mendelian un oharaeteristle of that StOCk. Rut the whole rlisrussion Is futile. The only question of real importance relates to Mrs iji llh; b mina ana c-x acter. If she Is a good wife and mother it matters little if her parents - n a 1 ,f.-n were Hottentots irom uenirai ILLITERATE STUDENTS. With admirable discretion Chicago University has done its level best sunnress the scandalous answers which Its English students perpetrated at a recent examination, but some them have leaked out. The class lmHn. araminatinn wan "advanced nrhieh nnrhann accounts for the ig norance of the answers. The farther a college student advances from the "English" of his admission require ments the less he is naturally supposed to know about his mouier tongue hjiu lt Htemtiire. frta. nrnmiclnr VOtinflT Student WTOtO that Gretna Green was the richest woman in the United States. Anotner iiiu-rihaii the TjiVe Poets as "Indiana writers who had moved to Chicago." A third defined the Oxford Movement as "something in a watch." And so it went through th whole big pile of examination papers. A similar storv comes trom tne -o inmhla school of iournalism. where Talcott Williams held an examination K Englisn the other day. He (has published the returns and, Incredible n a it mav aeem thev are a worse scandal than those of Chicago Uni 1 cimij. - The students under examina tlon were from all parts of tne coun- try, so that tne biignt 01 couege uuf I .. . he fulrlv wlde.snreal be fairly widespread tViT-nnirtinnt the lnnil No doubt several factors combine to make good literature hateful to young people In college. Tne strong cet v.rf nirelv is the nreliminarv drill in the great poets and prose writers urhieh thev undergo in tne prepara- ......... j - I . ., , 1 This rtrill reduces iuj "uv' genius to a grind and makes literature a matter of pecks and bushels. You ,1 , , en mi,-h nnH von Cf't VOUT marks for all the world like a porker I fattenlnir for market. He consumes I . . n a-n-111 anA ia evneot. sg munj puunua i . , - I . . . ..Hunnnilta. wal H-ht ea to put u tunwii-."o of tat The hov irfirt ran come through this -, .. . . i.im ... rtr.t-u -ith anv ronnnefiS Tor auhus f 1 .. - books In his soul Is a marvel. Most I . b,, It detest the alfht ul unvnc nnw ow. n alr.iT at the name of poetry and turn sick at the name of Shakespeare or woraswonn. we do not wonder at the effect. What surprises us is that any of them survive. ONTVT THE FOBTCTSE OF WAR. Those German-Americans and pro fessed advocates of absolute neutral ity who propose that the United States declare an embargo on exports or war material do not look far enough ahead. Those who are prompted by par tiality to Germany and who chafe at the fact that Germany's enemies alone benefit by our trade in war material do not recognize that this fact is due to the fortune of war, which now gives Great Britain naval supremacy. So long as the German navy is in being, practically unimpaired, there is a pos sibility that Germany may become su nme at Ian OtTTTifl n v and her al lies would then monopolize the oppor tunity of importing war materials from this country, which is now enjojeu only by their enemies. Would they then he Trillins' tn abide bv the prin ciple which their friends now invoke? t avat nrinplnla were now adopted, it would operate to Germany's hurt in case the tables were turnea. Thnce who res-nrr! our trade in war material as a .violation of neutrality are really endeavoring to commit this country to a serious breacn or neu trality. Supplies go to the allies alone because they alone are able to convoy ships safely across the ocean. Were l.manar eoiiallv Shift' tO COnVOV them, they would go to her in equal quantity, so long as she wisnea to Duy ,a. ahie tn nav. Were the United States to proclaim an embargo, this country would not De practicing neu trality; It would be depriving the allies of an advantage they have won in fair fight and would be accused of an un friendly act towards mem, ana w1Ui good cause. If Germany controlled h. .eo anrl are were, to DrOClalm SUCtl an embargo, she would very promptly give us to unaersxana uii wo "re taking sides against her in the war. Furthermore, this volimer aoctrme. if Vdopted by us. would rise up to Jg .oncelvable u, we k - - , 7,r 0ur enemy "and "a v m supplies of some k,nL We should be In a very em- " ,. ,hp -ountry to oroolaim an export embargo, and, to proclaim an wpun ciiiuas, ...he,, Va nrotested. were to cite the -- . . .a,. ... v. n n .a nrmaaian. apre au i-iiv; VL Great Britain placed herself In this s.t h. lavlnr down nrinclDles as isoiwwu j - - j n to contraband aunng me aoer mm Russo-Turkish wars which we are-now qnoting against her. . The United States is observing strict neutrality by permitting Its citizens to sell to all comers who are willing to buy. If Germany lav' unable to buy, that Is no fault of ours. If through a change In the fortune of war Great Britain should be unable to buy, It would still be no fault of ours. The sensible union school Is replac ing the Isolated and Impoverished "little red school house" as rapidly as one could expect, but not rapidly enough. We have before us a picture of the Alsea union graded and high school buildings which five districts united to build. The children are brought from a circuit of five miles as the phrase goes. But if both in eohooi wffMia which &ro as peda- gogical In that community as maps and dictionaries. JOHN MIXTO'S EinMKS OF OREGOJi. Like many others of the early Ore gon pioneers, John Minto has a fine literary gift. His prose Is entertain ing and his poetry is full of true feel ing with a lively taste for scenery and human adventure. His "Rhymes of Early Oregon Life" contains a number of poems, some essays and historical notes, a short account of the author's boyhood and a "Tale of the Oregon Coast," reprinted from the Oregon Teachers' Monthly, with an introduc tory note by the late Horace S. Lyman, whose large "History of Oregon" is useful to scholars. We gather fronr- Mr. Mlnto's foot notes that some of the poems are from other pens than his own, but no doubt most of them are original. They are all interesting and characteristic. The "Oregon Cowboy's Song" is particular, ly pleasing. It begins in the good old orthodox manner for a ballad. "Come all young men who ride the range where grows the fine bunch grass." They are invited to sing the merits of their loves, none of whom can com pare, as It turns out, with "the Belle of Wasco Plains." The bunch grass is not so fine on the range as it was in 1844 when John Minto came to Oregon, but the belles of Wasco plains have lost none of their charms. Has the romance of r.TAAO-.r. nnKjefarl fLWAV with the prairie schooners and cowboys? Where are- the young poets of today who can sing, as John Minto did, the beauties of their loves and feel the great inspira tion of the land they live in? We know a pioneer who rode a broncho from Union to The Dalles on his way to be married at Salem in the days of long ago. The youth of this degener ate age would be likely to nae twice as far to escape matrimony. The first printing office in America was not In Boston, but in Mexico City. Tt wna established in 1639. some eighty years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock, by Juan Cromberger, of Seville, whose resident agent In Mexico -was Juan Pablos, or paoii, an Italian. We clip this interesting item from the esteemed Christian Science Monitor. The Monmouth Normal School haa mihiiahed a bulletin for rural schools which discusses the needs of country life and its plans for meeting them. There is now an agricultural training course at Monmouth in which teachers learn the fundamental prin ciples. of farm work and acquire some knowledge of rural propiems. fT-h raaL..ina machinery of our criminal procedure is usually occupied . . .. . -.. he in turning criminals iooob. -d"--nrocess is varied now and then by con victing an innocent man. Do not the facts fully Justify all tnat Mr. nw said about the fatuity or mis oiuuucr ing system? taiHtnin Tn v adoDt conscrip tion. Now is the time for the laaies of the equal rights brigade to assert themselves and claim tun equamy the matter of going to the front. The state Tlenartment is exerting it self to prevent anti-Jap legislation at the California Legislature. Yes, by all means spare W. Jennings from an at tack of nervous prostration. An Austrian editor has been'ex- i fo hla utterances. We truly hope and pray that this gentle prac tice does not come into iuwu favor. Another small tract of ground has been gained by the French near Roye. n- v. ,,r.,i no doubt, on which to bury those lost in making the gain. Mr Rariiner is surely a great mili tary student or else a group of pro fessional experts are keeping him primed from the background. au he nermann held in Siberia need is "food, clothing and medicines," which are about all anyDoay in aeieu- tion or otherwise needs. TArith the nermans at a standstill in Poland, once more the strife between Slav and Teuton appears to have reached an impasse. a .m-aetori vesterdav charged with non-support is alleged to have three wives. No wonder. How could he support them? The Germans announce that they are certain to win. The Allies claim it is they who will win. And there you are. That marine flea, the Karlsruhe, has been sighted off Venezuela and news of a one-sided engagement may be expected. We trust the legislators will keep the faith and spend no more or our money than necessary this session. The -Rnarilsh now Dray for victory. That Is precisely what we would have to fall back upon In event or war. As Canada needs more revenue, why she not Dut a head tax on Immi grants from the United States? tt is a Hull dav in Portland when some new phase of growing prosperity oes not manifest itseir. The annual installment of the story f the thriftless and shiftless is run ning in the local presa. v.w that the worthy poor have re covered from holiday indigestion, how about needed relief? rieaoite romnlaints from belliger ents, the United States Is the market place of the world. Sawmills will resume work." That Is the epitome of the good news of tne Pacific Northwest. Wetumpka, Ala., had the usual di version yesterday. Number of victims, two; color, blacky Austria also announces confidence of winning. Must place great hope in the Germans. a a taat tha'hrava English football players may go to the front. Under draft. r-ooner of Bonner is Sneaker in Idaho. Something In euphony. fiood times are at the door, says McAdoo. Come inl Twenty-Five Year Ago. From The Morning; Oregonlan Jan. 2. 1800. Columbus. O., Jan. 2 John McLean, Rrioe ami Thomas, three ambitious mil lionaires, are furiously fighting each other in a closely-contested race.ior the Ohio Senatorship. Sleighing is excellent today follow ing laat night's big fall of now, and we'll have skating soon, from appear ances. The storm is general through out the Northwest, with- the mouth of the Columbia River the storm-center. Ice is running off the Columbia, and Portland's streetcar system Is put out of commission, but trains are not yet interrupted. This is the biggest snow fall the Northwest has seen in five years. New York, Jan. 2. The epidemic of grippe is making progress throughout the East. Ellen Carroll, mother of four children, delirious from an attacK, leaped to death from her third-story window to escape sufferings. Lord Salisbury is reported better, and -bu rope notables die. Olymnia.' Wash.. Jan. 2. Over 300 cases of grippe here.- Portland's Chinese and Japanese trade, is leaping forward with long steps and great bounds. The demand In those countries for Pacific Coast stuffs is growing rapidly, and they are requisitioning cargo after cargo of lumber and barrels of flour galore. ; A gentleman from Kansas, who re cently announced his intention to erect a cheese factory near Turner ir zov milk cows could be pledged, now that the demand has been complied witn, says he can't erect that cheese factory because he is without funds. Mr. E. J. Jeffery, president of the brick "trust." announces that bricks will cost $8 per thousand next season. Samuel Tillman, who has been in the city over twenty-five years and Is norularlv known as "Little Sam," was found dead in the snow this morning, He was the first dead man in the morgue for over a week. GREAT COST OF liXPHEPAREDXESS It Means Needless Slanchter of Volun teers If War Comes. CAMAS, Wash.. Jan. 4. CTo the Edi tor.) The many articles appearing in print In different publications abusing Congressman Gardnervfor his patriotic stand for an adequate defense for our country make us remember the Spanish war. Previous to that we had no prepa ration, either. Our Army was small and scattered, but that did not keep us from going to war. did it? Neither prepa ration nor lack of it will ever influ enre the action of this country. We will not go to war without just cause and if our cause is Just we will not keeD back our hand because It is empty or armed only with a broken reed. And when th day comes when we must fight it wM not be the peace-at-any-price men, tne men who refuse to provide an army, who will do the fighting. They will not suffer: no, not they. They are against war and will be in Congress or in the Cabinet or at home. Bryan lias said that "if the country calls for a million men before night there will be a million men in arms." That is, of course, "piffle." There will be a million brave and patriotic young men ready to serve their country but they will not be armed. They will not be peace-at-any-price men either; they will just be ordinary, every-day Ameri can citizens, ready to serve or die. but they might as well be so many children. , Where will the modern high-power rifles come from? And ammunition by the hundred of million rounds, and field guns and siege guns and aeroplanes and a thousand other things? The idea of these people In Congress and out will then be to "let George do It." As the son of a Civil War volunteer and a volunteer myself in the Spanish War, I believe a protest is due against this idea that all that is necessary to be done is to call out the volunteers and expect a mob of brave and patri otic"" young men, unarmed, untrained and unofficered, to meet an army, for instance, such as Von Kluck led across Belgium. When the Spanish War came we were in the same condition, but we went to war just the same. These same vol unteers were sent to fight a modern army armed with Mauser rifles, with only obsolete, single shot, black powder guns in their hands. jAny soldier could have told what the result was to be. It meant for one thing the unneces sary death of many a young man whose life was as dear to him and to his friends and as valuable to his country as the lives' of most of the members of Congresa It seems to me a shameful thing that a country so great and rich as this can do no better when she calls her sons to defend her than place in their hands obsolete and worthless arms and tell them to go and fight with them. It Is because of the indifference of Con gressmen who would rather get ap nronriations for their districts and jobs for their friends than spend a little money in preparation. I If it were decreed that when war does come the front ranks should be filled by every member of Congress, then we would no doubt see a modern equipment for our forces. When a war comes now we sball not have six months to train in. Where would Paris and France be now if they were all as unprepared as we? Where would we be now if attacked as France s? Washington would be in ashes again and New York under tribute, our Army annihilated and a large part of the country overrun. Of course, we should some day win it back, at a cost thousand times greater in toil and death and suffering. It would not be done by the peace propagandists, how ever. They, having done all the harm possible to the country, would be in Canada or Mexico. A VOLUNTEER. AXIOMS OXtT COBTSTITUTIOIV Contributor Believes Controversial Matters Out of Place There. LONG BEACH, Cal., Jan. 1. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian December 23 is an editorial entitled "Latter Day State Rights." If I read it correctly, you claim that any prohibition placed n the Constitution by a vote of three- fourths of the states is rightly placed there. A vote of three-fourths of the states might prohibit the use of tea or coffee or meat of any kind, or the use of woolen underclothing. Meth odists might be forbidden the right to worship in their churches and be re- quired by taxation to support the Roman Catnoiic unurcn. ir these things were attempted the cry would go up that these matters of personal conduct were not proper subjects ror legislation. But all things that may be subjects for legislation are not proper subjects to be placed in the Constitution. The Constitution is a bill of rights and should contain only those provisions that are universally accepted as right and proper. Matters about which there is controversy should be left to the Legislatures. President Taft stated the matter cor rectly vfhen he said, in effect, that we can preserve our liberties only when, the majority is willing to put restraint on itself to protect the rights of the minority and it is the right -of the individual to determine for himself what he shall eat, what he s ill drink and what kind of clothes. he shall wear, subject only to the right of society to reauire of him decency of conduct. H. W. KEED. i LITERATI-RE MIXl'S ADJECTIVES It Would Be Dull and Dry Akeee of Their Adornment. T t T a To the Editor.! It is with 'great pleasure we read the letters ana eaitonais on taiau subjects In The Oresonian. It is pleas- . . ... . i. ,,Ht,u," to be aMIL lUltUS Va HID Sl .'U1.V.....E,- -- informed that men should not wfjte unless tney nave sometniug m when they do say it, that they must never "split an infinitive'' nor "use an adjective." As to an infinitive, we admit it to be a -crime to split one, and probably would never do so if we could recognlie one while wielding the ax. It is more than probable that 99 per cent of your readers would not know that the darned thing had been spilt and would care less, though they might be greatly pleased with the letter or editorial and fully concur with the thoughts ex pressed. To write well Is a great aecomplisn ment: to think well in greater. To re frain from expressing a great and use ful Idea because one has not the ability to express the thought in elesant lan guage, or even good language, should not prevent the expression, nor should It submit the writer to public criticism Our schools take no heed of such matters as good writing or good speak ing unless -the student passes beyond the public schools. They fill the mind with useless I.atln. Oreek. French and German, neglecting Englinh and Span ish. Ensrlish, our own expressive and cosmopolitan conglomeration, which i ...l.n.tlnn than all Other neeus mum , languages combined, and Spanish, tne language or our couimoiu, a given little or no consideration. No wonder the "groundlings" "spilt an in finitive." It's a wonder they do not make complete kindling wood of it. As for adjectives. "Use them not at all or at least sparingly." Your corre-, spondent quotes agnostic "Bob" as an example. Who ever heard of an "eagle chained .on barren crags?" The matter of a "solemn sea" depends on the outlook or the individual who does the outlooking. It is a good allitera tive expression for a hypochondriac, but for a normal and good feeling writer the restless sea is anything but solemn. Its billowy motion when at comparative rest and its mighty power when stirred by winds is anything but solemn. Not use adjectives! Just as well abolish salt from food. What a dry old world of literature we would have without these adorning colors, shapes, images and imaginings. Now the bright morning star, ay' har binger, . Come, dancing from the Bait, and leede with ht-r . The flow'ry May. who, from her green lap throws The yellow cowellp nd the pale primroee. Or this: , Through the hush'd air the whitening shower descends. At first ihin waVring, till at lat the flakei Fall broad and wide, and taet, dimming the With continual glow. The cherteh'd fields Put on their Winter-robe of pureet white: Tie brightness all, save where the mow melts Along the tnary current. no to! Ahnlinh "sdiu iniinuivea ii you will, but preserve to us our ad 1er-tlverositV. Let us reason further along, the line of correct and eleant groupina of words and syllables: In heads replete with thoughts of other men . . -, . . .. .i th.l. na-n. w isaom la miuuB ... - Books are not seldom tallemane and spells y wnicn tne masio an u .,nwwr. - .. Holds an unthinking multitude enthrall a i . - , . l , .. ..a ...nartt tO th Will Ull lllttiiliwi V. ' - ....... - - educated writer and commiseration for the readers I remain THE VALEITE, EATOX WRITES ONCE MORE Thus Getting: a Little More Advertislnir tor His Candidacr- PORTLAND, Jan. 4. (To the'Editor.) .i.....inr vmip editorial of January 4, the only real fact you urge against MA tv.. Snanliat-ahln is that I have supported the university appropriations. Since you admit tnat air. nonius e"w ported the same bill in the Legislature .. n.i ah., hafore the neonle on the ref erendum vote you yourself supported the same Din, ana tnat doih ui are therefore in the same boat with me on that Issue, I think I can rest my cass. vat von. vocabulary of vituperation seems to increase with practice. In ni;ain to the other thlnes YOU say about me, you now say that I am a snake in the grass. w naiever ni faults may be tney uo not inciuae nii a nrti.entneRs or want of candor. And since you apply Vila epithets to me you will perhaps permit me, even in your own columns, to say that In my opinion antnannkm tn me is not based at all upon my support of the university. or my legislative action in anj vn.aa respect, but exists solely because you ha t am an obstacle to the Pro gramme of The Oregonlan In seeking to control and direct legislation, noi . i. tna. ...a of the cnuntrv. nor in in in v. . . ; . v, a.a intereat aif Portland, but In the political interest of The Oregonlan and Its handtul oi aiaers ana anenuie. ALLEN h;atu. The reason that The Oregonlan pro tests against the election of Eaton as Speaker of the "House is that he will be, as he has been, in the legislature persistent obstacle to economy ana .at.enehment anil to any pracllcaoio proposal for simplified government,, all meaning lower taxes. His candidacy represents the final struggle ot uov o.no. wet nd his Dolitlcal machine to keep their hands at the throat of affairs in Oregon. The Oregonlan's sole interest in tbe organization of the Legislature is to give what aid it can to a successful fulfillment of the pledges upon which nearly all members were elected. Governor West has al ready permitted It to be advertised that he will be present throughout the session as a public mentor and critic. Whatever be further Intends the future will disclose. With his long time ally Eaton as Speaker, the situa tion for the West, programme would be Ideal. . ivo Possible Need to Fight. PORTLAND, Jan. 4. (To the Edi tor.) Your editorial. "Suppose," seems to me misleading and mischievous, as it suggests bloodshed to attain some thing which could be attained Ira a peaceful way by losing some trade which would be lost anyway. Suppose the government of Great Bri tain did not listen to reason and the Government of the United States would prohibit the export or everything to the allies? Would that not have" the desired result? Why always think of fighting? It only shows the barbarian in us. Might is right, but the greatest might is In telligence and knowledge. Let us live up to the principles laid down by the founders of this Republic, and we can toria a sure alliance with the Southern republics and maybe after a while with Canada, in which ease there is no Dower on earth which would threaten us with war. WILLIAM ISENSEK. 414 Broadway. Medical Journals tn Oregea. PORTLAND, Jan. 4. (To the Editor.) Kindly give names and addresses of the medical journals which are pub lished in this state and greatly oblige. SUBSCRIBER. The sole medical Journal published In Oregon Is the Medical Sentinel. Dr. Henry Waldo Coe is the publisher, with offices on the fifth floor of the Selling building. Portland. The official journal of the Washing ton. Oregon and Idaho state medical societies is the Northwest Medicine, published In Seattle. Half a Century Ago. Trom The Oregonlan of January b. 1SS.V News comes from the front that Granger with a larare Fc.teial force was lately within three mile of Mo bile . threatening an attack on that place. In all quarters the TTnlnn forces are very active. It la said the Unionists In Texas and North Caro lina are taking pieps to restore those states to the Cnlon. The people of Charleston are piinic-strlrken and fleeing the city. The steamer Orrnon, If. J. Johnston, captntn, will sail tonight at o'clock for San Francisco. Francis Atwood Inserts an adver tisement In this Issue saying he haa found a trunk eight mllra below Port land on the wagon road. It has been . left at Henley Jackson's place, A large audience saw "Hob Roy" nt the Willamette Theater last night. This eveninar Is aet about for th benefit of Mrs. C. Getsler. The play la "The Life of an Actress" and Mrs. Gctzler will essay the role of Violet Nathan Tearcy, eon-ln-laW of Mr. Knlsht. of Clarke County, austalnril a badly shattered left arm when his fowlinar-piece burst few dna ago. Mr. l'earcy lives on Hush Island, a few miles below Vancouver. SEASONAL Nt'MBF.R ARK Kl urnmeroaa fferthweat Nctmnaprra Are Ont In Anneal Dress. The "Eloventh Anniversary Number" of the Jewish Tribune, of Portland, la up to the standard of excellence estab llahed bv Its editor years ngn. It Is remarkable for Its literary quality an.l the number of eminent contributors, among them being KabM Stephen K Wise. Governor Moses Alexander, of Idaho, and mnny Jews of National prominence In letters and professions. The holiday Issue of the Mershflciit Evening Record la itlven more to plotting its advertisers and, do. Ing, shows the business men of the Coos Bay metropolis are a "live bunch." " Tho annual number of the Salem Statesman Is "the best ever," for It tells of the "City of lteautlful Homes" and the people who made It so. not se lecting to bear testimony to other parls of Marlon County that have merit and hold out opportunity for Investor and homemaker. Of a certainly Kind ford business p predates the startling character of It a morning paper, the Sun, and shows It by appearing In the holiday number. There Is nauht of vainglory In this particular issue but that is not for lack, of opportunity. Medford la the great city of r-outhern Oregon and the 6un Is its prophet. The Oregon City Enterprise's recog. nltinn of tho recent holiday season was a riot of color and wealth of advortls Ing, with enough literary matter to leaven the lump. a. a The annual number of the Walla Walla Union filled 60 pagos within an Illuminated cover. There were seven sections and the whole was a study In Commercial activity of the Inland Em pire city, for It was "all advertising." Yet It had merit, for the displays ei'oke volumes. SXOWBALLI.V TIME 11 AS COME. A mountain kid tells it. Snowballln' time has come agin up In these Cascade hills. Sometimes It falls In finite, sometimes like little livor pills. An' us kids has the mostest fun 'at ever happened. We Have battles that we make belleve's like them across the sea. Bill Grimes he Is the Klzor In our make believin' war. An' I'm the King o' England, an Bed Rogers the K-ar, An' when the nghtln" foes advance an' balls begin to fly The air Is full o' that white ammunition from the sky. The Germans hock the Klier, an' lorn of 'em tries to sing 'Bout wachln' on the Khlne. an we yell out, "God save the King." The Rushln's whoop fur the K-sar, sn" little Llmpy Hates, That's crippled, stands a-lookln' on an' plays United States. The hottest battle that we flt was on last Chrls'mtis duy. When Helnrlch Schwartx, the grocery man, said he would give away A bottle o' red sody to each German If they would Defeat the sassy allies an' 'd lick 'em plenty good. Then Walker, o the rival store, said on the sly 'at he Would give us bags o' candy If we won the victory. An' then our patr'otlsm rls plum up to fever heati An' 'twasn't long afore we had the Germans on retreat. You seo. the news leaked out about the candy he'd pervlde An' half their men deserted n' come over to our side. An' when the light was over an we'd overcome the foe Us kids was chawln" candy an' the Dutch waa chawln' snow, Snowballln time has come egaln, lha hills Is full o' snow. An' all us kids feel sorry fur the kids 'wav down below That's llvln' In the valleys an' the woods an' on the plains Where every time It ort to snow It Jua' cuts loose an' rains. Whilst we are coastln' on our sleds sn' playln' snowball war, An skatin' on the little lake that's froze from shore to ahore. We're mighty glad 'at we don't live down where It never snows. An' where dad says the kids have webs, like ducks, atween their toes. James Ilarton Adams. I.lttlr- nit ef Medical Aelvlee. Judge. -i. I .... . V.1 n nhvatclan (to new patient) "Ah, madam, 1 perceive that .ii run down, a complete nervous wreck. In fact. (Siting up luxurious environment, ana ei.prua.j falling Into hla usual formula.) I .,,i.i anvise a change of scene r say a little trip to Europe " !-ady (shrieking) uooa fi, I've Just come rrom imir, A Wise Woman's Wjy It was a wise and experienced woman who declared that she always sought the advertising columns of her newspaper before she aet out on a shopping tour. The advertisements gave her definite Information as to the various attractions: they told her about the goods, they told her of the prices. And so when she set out ahe went forth with a fixed Idea of what she wanted and where she wanted to go. Thua advertising to her waa a guide post. It enabled her to go In the eaalest and quickest direc tion. It led her straight to wise economies. And that Is one of the functions of advertising to tell you where to go to buy to best advantage. Tne merchant long ycare ago learned this, and today, more than ever, does he seek to make his ad vertisements thoroughly valuable and helpful by crowding Into them In attractive form everything bear ing upon the subject article, price and service.