TTTE MOITNTXG OREOONIA. TUESDAT. OCTOBER
13. 1914.
TEUTOfl SPY SYSTEM
COSTLY TO FRENCH
Germans Even Conduct Pow
der Factory in France Dur
ing Peace Period.
THOUSANDS ARE ARRESTED
Invaders as Familiar with Forts of
Foes as Are Defenders and Are
Tliousrlit Better Acquainted
With Streams.
PARIS, Oct. 1. (Correspondence of
the Associated Press.) The discrimina
tion with which the Germans dis
tributed war lines and requisitions in
the towns they occupied in Belgium
and Northern France, and the precision
with which they chose the most solvent
citizens as hostages has been a sur-,
prise, but when the details became
known the facts carried their explana
tion with them. For instance, the
first detachment of Uhlans that entered
the City of Lille was guided by . a
man who had left his job as superin
tendent of an important factory in
the city to rejoin his regiment..
At Soissons, when objections were
raised to the exacting proportions of
the requisitions, the commanding
officer called his aid, who turned ' out
to be a well-known business man of
the town, who, of course, knew its
resources thoroughly.
All Tsefnl Information at Hand.
"You see," said the officer, pointing
to the aid. "there's no use resisting;
we are posted by some one who
knows."
Similar instances were reported from
Belgium showing that every inch of
the ground had been carefully studied;
the money in every town estimated;
every suitable horse and every ton of
hay located and the -plans of every
bridge drawn up.
In France their statistics went so
far as to show how many bottles of
wine might be exacted in each locality.
Bismarck knew two years before the
war of 1870 all that was going on in
France and among his informers was
no less a personage than the present
German chief of staff. Von Moltke.
It is doubtful, however, whether his
information was as complete as that
possessed by the German general staff
tcfday. Probably no army ever had the
benefit of so far-reaching a system of
secret service us that which the Ger
mans have developed in France.
There is nothing particularly new
In the strategems used by the Ger
man spies, but the patience, through
ness and hardihood with which they
have been worked are worthy of note.
The reports of the siege of Maubeuge
have demonstrated how the great Ger
man guns could immediately be put
Into action on arrival, thanks to- mac
adam foundations prepared months, if
not years, in advance, in the yards of
a German factory.
KrnppN Owners of Factory
The land on which this factory was
built was purchased by the Krupps
through a go-between. The sale
caused some talk at the time, but the
matter was forgotten until the fall of
Maubeuge recalled the circumstances.
The range of every fort was care
fully taken in advance and the Germans
in additftm had the benefit of a com
plete underground telephone system by
which spies posted at one end could
inform "the battery as to the exact re
sult of every shot.
In connection with the deposits of
arms and uniforms in the establish
ments of German merchants in Ant
werp, this confirms how thorough
were the preparations.
As long ago as 1887 the topography
of the region in which the battle of
the Marne was fought was carefully
studied by a company of spies, who
represented themselves even at the
Mayor's offices and at the prefecture's
as engineers studying the ground for
new railway lines. They got all the ln-
lurmauon they wanted.
Discovery la Too I. ate.
When it was discovered that the pro.
Jected railway lines were myth it was
too late. They employed supposed
artists to sketch fortifications and sun
posed fishermen to take the depths of
streams. There is probably not a fort
in France which the Germans don't
know as well as the French, and it is
quite possible that there are river
fords indicated on their maps of which
the French General Staff is ignorant.
It was recently asserted that the Ger
man Foreign Office -possessed a com
plete list of all the inhabitants of
France whose fortunes made them
eligible hostages, as well as a black
list of all those who had made them
selves obnoxious by their avowed hos
tlllty to Germany.
Most of the men employed in the
German secret service speak good Eng
lish and frequently pass themselves oft
as Americans. One tried it the other
day after penetrating to General Man
oury s headquarters, but his papers
were not satisfactory and he was shot
torthwith.
German Planta Are Near Brldares.
It was only when the general mobili
zation was ordered that the French be
Kan to realize to what extent their
country had been organized by the
enemy. Then it was remarked that at
the end or near the end of many
bridges having strategic importance
there was a German factory.
Maubeuge shows how close they got
to the forts and the Landern powder
mill is a still graver example of their
audacity. This factory, while furnish
ins suncotton to the government, was
in the hands of Germans, and it has
even been declared that the powder
that blew up the battleships Iona and
Liberte was made of defective guncot
ton furnished by this mill.
It is known that more than 3000 Ger
man spies were arrested in Belgium,
most of whom have been tried by court
lnartial. How many have been arrested
in France no one knows, the govern
ment having succeeded in throwing an
impenetrable veil over all these proceedings.
PENSIONS ARE DECREASED
Payments in 1914 Xearly $2,O00,
00 0 Loss Than Last Year.
TTASH1XGTOX. Oct. 12 Uncle Sam
puid out a total of S172,417.54l in- pen
sions In the fiscal year ended June 30
last, according to Commissioner of Pen
sions Stiltzgaber. in his annual report
made public today. This compares with
J17t.17l.6ttD in 1913. which was the
largest amount ever paid out. The com
missioner points out, however that the
summit in expenses has been reached
and a decrease in the amount may be
expected to continue. The grand total
of expenditures for pensions from 1866
up to and including 1911, was
J 4.663.51 1,466.
The total number of pensioners of all
classes on the rolls was 785.239 against
20,273 in 1813. The number of Civil
War pensioners was 728.129 compared
with 762.439 in 1S13. The largest num
ber ever on the rolls was in 1902, when
there were 999.466. ,
FIRST PHOTOGRAPH OF KAISER RECEIVED IK" UNITED
. i . WAR.
STATES SINCE DECLARATION OF
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Photo Copyright by Underwood & Underwood.
KAISER WILHEUI COXGRATULATI.VG GENERAL VOX EMMRH (LEFT), THE COXQIEROK OF LIEGE.
This photograph was brought to New York by Lucy Gates, the only American colaraturo soprano singer
in the Kaiser's opera-house at Cassel, Germany. The photograph was secured on the eve of her departure
from Cassel for America. The Kaiser, who supports four opera-houses at Cassel, Wiesbaden, Berlin and
Munich, is cutting the salaries of the singers in those houses.
RIFLES NOT ALIKE
British Use Two Types but
Cartridge Is Same.
POINTED BULLET GENERAL
German Equipment Said to Be Bet
ter Than Other Nations, Hope of
Perfecting Automatic Weap
on Delaying Change.
LONDON, Sept. 25. (Correspondence
of the Associated Press.) The British
troops at the front use two kinds of
rifles and two kinds of bullets, but
only one kind of cartridge. This is an
advantage the American army lacked
in the Spanish war, when the marines,
the regular Army and the state volun
teers used rifles of different caliber,
necessitating three separate kinds of
ammunition.
The standard arm of the British
regulars is the short Lee-Enfield. It
is a short-barreled rifle evolved after
the Boer War with 'a view to a weapon
that may be used by infantry and
cavalry alike. Its predecessor with a
longer barrel is in the hands of the
territorial troops. The caliber of both
types is .303 inch and the cartridge
is loaded with cordite. The magazine
capacity is ten shells in clips. -
Germany in 1905 adopted the pointed
bullet, which has been copied by all
the other powers. But England has
still a large stock of the old round
nosed form. Of the tw6 types, the
sharp nosed has the advantage in
swiftness, longer range and flatter
trajectory. Its muzzle velocity is 2440
feet a second as against the 2000 feet
of the round nosed. With the German
Mauser the initial velocity of 2800 is
still obtained when the sharp bullet
is issued, but there is still a supply of
the older type of German ammunition
sent to the field. The Mauser bullet
has a diameter of .311 and the missile
is somewhat heavier than the English.
Belgium is armed with the Mauser,
but it is the earlier pattern of 1889.
while the German is1 that of 1898. The
caliber of the Belgian arm is .301.
The Lebel rifle of 1886, caliber .315.
has been used" by France since 1886.
France's pointed bullet differs from
the others in being of solid copper
zinc instead of lead with steel jackets.
Austria is armed with the Mann
licher. the bullet having a" diameter of
.322, somewhat heavier than that of the
Nagent rifle of Russia.
All of these weapons are modern,
with box magazines. The German
Mauser has the highest Initial velo
city, which is a slight advantage.
One reason why so few changes have
been made in arms in late years,-why
for instance France sticks to the type
of 1886. is that all countries have
been looking for a practicable auto
matic rifle. Many automatics have
been, tried out, but they have all failed
to meet the tests. But the experts be
lieve that the day is not far off when
each soldier will carry a machine gun.
Infantry lire then will be far more
deadly than at present.
fighting along the upper Vosges
mountains were turned over to the
Swiss authorities at Leopoldshoene,
August 30, in order that they might
rejoin their troops. From Leopold
shoehe the French medical military
personnel went to Basel, and were per
mitted tp go from there to Belfort, via
fruntrut On September 2 the Ga
zette de Lausanne published a dis
patch from its correspondent at
Pruntrut, in which it was said that
"the physicians of the military rted
Lross section declared that the Ger
mans had taken everything from
them, their surgical instruments, as
well as their watches, rings and
money." ,
Interested in this alleged breach of
international military law the Swiss
general staff investigated the case
through the commandant of Basel, and
a few days ago sent a copy of the fol
lowing report to the Gazette de Lau
sanne: "The officers wore their decorations,
the cross of the Legion of Honor, had
their watches, and theif pocket books
were liberally filled with money. I
saw some who' had whole bundles of
1000-frank bills, and as a favor I
changed for several of them 50-franc
notes. Many of them had money
changed at the roxchange in the sta
tion. "The best proof that the French
were not robbed by the Germans, as
has been claimed, is that several of
them bought champagne of the best
brands to drink with their lunch in
the station restaurant."
The report continues with the state
ment that none of the officers
checked their men in cutting off the
numbers of their regiments and the
buttons from the hoods of their coats
so that they might give them to the
ladies of the French colony of Basel.
The French Consul-General at Basel
has expressed his regrets to the com
mandant for the unseemly conduct of
the French troops and the last of the
men of the medical service who -were
turned over to the Swiss authorities
by the Germans were warned by him
to conduct themselves more properly.
RELIEF WORK OVER
American Committee in Lon
don Reports to Mr. Page.
HELP TOTALS $400,000
LAKE OPPOSES PABTY
SENATOR SAYS MUTILATION OF
CLAYTON BILL. TRUST VIOLATION.
CHARGES SHOWN FALSE
Krencli Medical Officers Discredited
by Inquiry.
" THE HAGUE, Sept. 22. (Corre
spondence of the Associated Press.)
French medical officers and a number
of field hospital men who had been
taken prisoners by the Germans In the
Preaeat Form Declared "Pore Bun
combe Pat Forvrard to Fool Peo
ple and Catch Flies."
' OREGONI AN NEWS BUREAU, Wash
ington, Oct. 12. "Our methods of leg
islating are breeding anarchy," de
clared Senator Lane, of Oregon,' in
voicing his bitter disapproval of the
emasculated Clayton - anti-trust bill,
after it had been redrafted by the con
ference committee- and most of the
penalty clauses removed. More than
that. Senator Lane asserted that the
Democratic majority in Congress, by
mutilating and rendering largely in
effective the provisions of the Clayton
bill, ' had broken its solemn promises
made to the American people two years
ago. - Senator Lane refused to be a
party to any-such legislation and reg
istered his final protest against the
Clayton bill by voting against ' the
adoption of the conference report.
From the beginning of the debate
on this measure, which supposedly was
proposed to strengthen the Sherman
law. Senator Lane followed the de
bates and his view coincided with tITat
of Senator Reed, of Missouri, that , the
Clayton bill, in its final form, was pure
buncombe, put forward to fool the
people and to catch flies, but not in
tended, as the public supposes, to ren
der it easier for the Government to
convict and punish "malefactors of
great wealth." Senator Lane made 'no
remarks on the Clayton bill until toe
final vote was about to be taken and
his comment then was short, but
pointed.
Trieste. Austria, normally has 200,000 pop
ulation. - larsrely Italian. '
Approximately 9 200 Financed Home
Entirely or In Part Arrival or
Itefngees in Single Day 96-0,
Many Being Without Funds.
LONDON, Sept. 23. (Correspondence
of the Associated Press.) The relief
committee formed by Americans resi
dent in London has wound up business
and its chairman, Herbert Clark Hoover.
has submitted a report to Ambassador
Page showing in detail the work done.
The initial move was taken by Mr.
Hoover on August 3, when Consul-General
Skinner advised him of the acute
temporary destitution of many tourists
on account of the series of bank holi
days during the first few days of Au
gust. Mr. Hoover gathered annroxi
mately J4500 In cash with which a loan
bureau was opened in the consulate.
Applicants were given small loans with
out security and without interest, but
to date all the loans have been repaid
with the exception of about $250.
The next step was formation of the
committee of American residents, with
Ambassador Page as president, Mr.
Hoover as chairman, Clarence Graft as
treasurer and F. C. Van Duier as sec
retary. The benevolent fund to which
the American residents subscribed
amounted to 116,333, and a- fund to
guarantee oanKing operations amount'
ed to $41,983.
95000 Given lor Relief.
Au American citizens' committee was
also formed at a mass meeting? of tour
ists, and Theodore Hetzler was named
chairman, W. North Duane secretary
and William C. Reed treasurer, all from
New York. The departure of members
of the tourists' organization caused its
practical extinction about the middle
of August, but during its existence it
spent nearly J5000 for relief and also
iu.uuu to the residents- committee.
In mid-August the committe was au
thorized by Dr. Page to draw on and
help administer the Congressional fund
or 3uu.uuu.
So far $135,000 has been drawn from
tne t-ongresaional appropriation cover-
ing the relief of 4000 persons: but the
committee has made available to Amer
icans in ail about $400,000 throush sud
plemental banking and various means.
More than 9200 have been financed
home entirely or in p"art by the com
mittee.
Some Are I nerratef oL
There has been some friction between
the committee and a small minority of
reiugees.. wno objected either to draw
ing on their own resources for their
fares home or to accepting third-class
on the steamers. But the large major
ity have been grateful for an opportun
ity to help themselves.
At times the committe had as many
as 2000 persons in lodgings under its
control, involving a vast amount of
work. On one day 900 tourists arrived
at Victoria station from Flushing be
tween 9 A. M. and milnight. Of these
460 were advanced money on the plat
form for immediate food, and altogether
620 sent to selected lodgings. The un
escorted women and children alone
numbered 232. Over $la00 was expend
ed In this day s work.
Approximately S0.000 tourists ' have
registered and have been indexed with
the committee since the beginning, for
the information of friends, and a daily
SALE ON THE FOURTH FLOOR
Aprons, House Dresses, Petticoats
Our October Sale Starts Today
35c PERCALE WORK APRONS, 25c
x Made with large fitted bib. which fastens at the back of the neck, forming large collar. All have
large pocket. Entire apron finished with white bias banding. Made of excellent percale in a large
assortment of light and dark patterns, polka dots, stripes, rings, checks and figures. -
75c PERCALE COVERALL APRONS, SOc .
Extra long (57-inch) aprons are included in this assortment as well as 54-inch regular length. Made
with round neck, short kimono sleeves, turn-back cuffs, belted back and pocket. Aprons of extra qual
ity percale in dots, stripes, checks, figures and plain colors, trimmed with white piping.
ic GINGHAM COVERALL APRONS, 59c'
57-inch and 54-inch aprons, of excellent quality Amoskeag gingham in thecks. stripes and plain
colors in pink, lavender, light blue, tan and cadet. Made an coverall style, round neck, kimono
sleeves with cuff of contrasting gingham, pocket and belted back.
ATTRACTIVE BREAKFAST SETSr 98c
Consisting of a neat, attractive apron and dainty cap to match. Of percale in white grounds with
pretty figures of light blue, red and black, also dainty Dolly Varden patterns. Made in empire style,
with square neck and kimono sleeves, finished with wide banding of plain contrasting colors.
WOMEN'S HOUSE DRESS APRONS, 89c
Made in coverall style with round neck and kimono sleeves, belted at the waistline, giving the effect
of a dress, strings tying at the back. They are made of gingham in blue and white or black and white
checks.
All sizes to fit every woman.
CREPE BREAKFAST SETS, $1.85
. Dainty apron and cap sets of soft plisse crepe, in striped and flowered patterns in light blue,
pink, lavender and navy. Made with square neck, kimono sleeves and empire waist. Trimmed with
wide bandings of plain colors. Pretty cap to match each apron.
IMPORTED GERMAN WORK APRONS, 98c
Regular Prices $1.25 to $2.00
Imported direct from Germany, made of heavy German fabric noted for its' excellent wearing qual
ities. Made with bibs, bands at waist, or in sleeveless coverall style. Trimmed with bias or pleated
ruffles and fancy or plain bandings.
75c AMOSKEAG CHAM BRAY PETTICOATS, 49c
Made of fine quality Amoskeag chambray, with tucked flounce finished with small ruffle. These
skirts tome in straight style, and all have dust ruffle. Excellent for wear under coverall aprons. All
lengths.
$1.50 HEATHER BLOOM PETTICOATS, 98c
Made of heatherbloom or sateen, in emerald, Copen, "King's blue, American Beauty, wistaria and
brown. - Skirts have tucked or accordion-plaited flounces, and are made in narrow, straight style.
KLOS-FIT PETTICOATS OF COTTON i
SPECIAL, $1.25, $1.50, $1.75 AND $2.00
The petticoat with the fitted top. Made of excellent quality of sateen, cotton serge and c
messaline. with deep or narrow flounces of tucked or accordion-plaited materials, made witL
gores and rubber band top. which will fit any figure. Colors are black, navy, rose, emerald
$1.50 PEACH BLOOM PETTICOATS, $1.19
An entirely new material is used in these petticoats, a material which closely resembles si
has all the wearing qualities of cotton. .Made with deep accordion-plaited flounce, and top is fini
r-1 i i .1 l r 1J l ti l l i v li
in rrencn Dana styie. voiors are v-opcn, emeraia. Drown, DiacK, purpie, navy ana rving s Diue.
All lengths.
$1.65 TUNIC HOUSE DRESSES, $1.15
A new dress with long tunic pointed at the sides, finished with piping. Waist is made with set-in
sleeves, side button or rever effect with white poplin collar and cuffs, collar finished with embroidered '
scalloped edge. Piped waistline, and cut full in length, in sizes 36 to 44. These dresses are made of
fancy figured crepe in light grounds, also in neat striped and figured percale.
$1.50 TO $1.75 HOUSE DRESSES, 95c -
Of ginghams and percales in checks, stripes, .fancy figures and plain colors, in pretty colors. Made
in a variety of neat styles, showing Byron and sailor collars, round, square, collarless and V-neck,
pleated waists and vest effects, plain and panel-back skirts and piped waistlines.
Sizes 34 to 46.
$2.00 TO $2.75 HOUSE DRESSES, $1.59
A large assortment of pretty dresses of chambray, gingham and percale, in plain colors, checks
and stripes. Round. -square and V-neck style, with and without collars, also high-neck styles, long and
short sleeves, plain and panel-back skirts, piped and belted waistlines. In many pretty patterns and
colorings, in sizes 34 to 46.
$2.00 UTILITY HOUSE DRESSES, $1.29
The dress that can be worn either as apron or dress, made with reversible fronts, which can be but
toned to either side. They come in a large assortment of striped, checked and figured materials in
light and dark colors, in blue, pink, black and white, gray and white. . These dresses are also much
used for maternity, wear. All sizes. FOURTH FLOOR
r
Victor, Col
umbia Talk
ingM'chines $1.00 Down
$1.00 Week
HcrcHandiao otcJ Merit Ovy
Hoover Suc
tion Sweep
ers $5.00
Down
$5 Month
bulletin with useful information has
been issued with a circulation as high
as 10,000 copies daily.
FIVE GENERALS OUSTED
Austrian Army Corps Get Xew Heads
I'pon Sliort Jfotice.
VENICE, Oct. 12. A dispatch from
Vienna announces the sudden removal
of the commanders of five Austrian
army corps and the appointment of
General Svetozar Borsevic as the new
commander of the third army.
The commanders dismissed are Gen
erals Baron Giesl von Gieslingen. of
the Eighth Army Corps; Kolossvary
von Kolosvar, of the Eleventh Army
Corps, and Meixner von Zweienstann,
of the Seventh Army Corps, and the
commanders of the Sixth and Seven
teenth Army Corps.
The newly appointed commanders are
General Are Sixth Corps: Griesler,
Seventh Corps: Scheuhemstuel, Eighth
Corps; LJubicic, Eleventh Corps, and
Kritek, Seventeenth Corps. It is of
fially stated that the commanders re
tired on their own request, because of
reasons of health. The newspapers of
Vienna make no comment on the
changes, .
HOWITZERS FELL MANY
OiEKMA.V TELLS HOW FRENCH AR
TILLERY WAS ANNIHILATED.
Pieces Left In Road In Marcblas Order,
With Bodlea of Men and Horses
Scattered About, Sara Letter.
BERLIN, Sept. 22. (Correspondence
of the Associated Press.) What the ef
fect of the German neld howitzers' tire
can be when directed upon troops in
close formation, is described in the let
ter of a German officer, which, ' pub
lished in the Cologne Gazette of Sep
tember 20. reads in part as follows:
"On August 22, at 8 o'clock in the
evening, just as we were about to go
into quarters, a fight developed sud
denly. Before we knew what had hap
pened we were in the thick of it. It
was a quick victory. The French were
badly thrashed. That night we slept
in a ditch along the highway with the
starry sky for a blanket. The cold was
mean.
"On the following day, matters pro
ceeded. The French were retiring on
the road to Sedan. Following them
we saw terrible scenes. This was espe
cially true of a stretch of straight road
running through a forest. Here two
French field artillery regiments had
been annihilated. 'The pieces stood in
the road in marching order; the horses,
six to each piece, lay dead .In the traces
as if struck by lightning. Near them
were scattered the dead officers and
men.
"There were 28 pieces of artillery and
all their crews dead. The thing hap
pened in 10 minutes, and a Captain Wii
helmi is responsible for this fine piece
of work. He surprised the French with
his field howitzers at a range of 3iH
meters. The Captain was shot in the
chest, but he could tell us the story.
One of the French officers, who hap
pened to be a short distance away from
the artillery, and who was wounded,
told us that the experience was enough
to rob anybody of his senses.
"I will never forget the awful pic
ture. For two kilometers nothing but
pieces of artillery, corpses and the
cadavers of horses."
Trft Texas agricultural station has issued
a Damnhlet. in vtew of the great number,
of houses which have been rect-ntly carried
away in the floods of the rivers of that
state, containing valuable jniggestions f ja
an chorine houses axuosed to this dangrer.