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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 23, 1914)
10 TTIE .MORNING OREGOXIAN, XVEDXESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1914. PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland, Oregon, Fostofflca Second-clasa matter. EubscrlpUou Ratea Invariably In Advance. (By 1UU) . Dally. Sunday Included, one year ...... ..9S-00 Uaily. Sunday Included, six months ..... 4.25 Laliy, Suoaay Included, three month ... 2.25 Daily, Sunday Included, one month -3 Uaily, without Sunoay, one year O.Ou UaUy, without Sunday, (ix months ...... Daily, without Sunday, three months .... Daily, without Sunday, one month ...... " Weekly, one year 1.60 Suiiday, one year -60 Sunday and Weekly, one year (By Carrier) Dally, Sunday Included, one year ...... .$9.00 Lfaliy, Sunday Included, one month ..... -75 How to Kemlt fiend Poatofilce money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give Postoiflca address In full. Including county and state. Postage Bates 12 to IS pages, 1 cent; 16 to a:j pases, 2 cents; 84 to 48 pages, 8 cents; ou to t pages. 4 cents; 62 to To pages, 0 cents; 78 to UZ pages, a cents, foreign post age, double rates. Lantern Business Offices Verree Se Conk Iln, New York. Brunswick building. Chl- gu, otenger ouiiaing. San Francisco Ofiice R. J. Bldwell Co.. juaraet street. . POKTLAND, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 23. 191 WHAT OF THE SilGHT? The Evening Record, of Marsh' field, asks with some mental per turbation (whether civilization is likely to perish in the European war. As our contemporary sees the condition of affairs, not only is civilization en dangered in Europe, but it is not en tirely safe even here. "Will civiliza tion In America be saved?" it in quires and does not stop to answer its own question. In which respect it somewhat resembles Pilate, who, as Lord Bacon puts it In his famous es say on Troth, Inquired, " "What is truth?' and did not stay for an an swer." In a general way, however, the Marsh-field Record takes an encourag ing view of the situation. We gather that in its opinion the present war arose from greed. It goes on to say that greed alone is responsible for the present hardship in the United States and its conclusion for the whole mat ter appears to be that if "you restrict greed you restore an economic bal ance to the people," and thus secure universal peace and happiness. Our contemporary believes not only that the war in Europe "means the begin ning of a new dawn in he United States," but it means also "that the greed for gain which has afflicted the earth will disappear and prosperity will again reign." We wish we could join our es teemed contemporary in expecting to see unwholesome greed disappear at the conclusion of the war. But we cannot conscientiously do so. This miserable old earth has seen a great many wars before and greed has man aged to survive them all. Indeed, it usually comes out top of the heap. Whoever loses by war, "the interests" of which our contemporary writes never do. They always find themselves a little richer at the conclusion of peace than they were when the war began. Voltaire made most of his money by army contracts and his illustrious ex ample has been followed by innumer able successors, Just as innumerable contractors equally subtle and deft preceded him. War is the last agency in the world which is likely to destroy greed, or even lessen its power. Most modern wars have been caused by the desire for gain in some of its protean forms. This one is no exception to the com mon rule and there are thousands of persons who will make large profits from it. We are afraid that their greed will be inflamed rather than ex tinguished by the conflict. But greed is not the only factor which operates to make misery for mankind. The Marshfield Record lays everything upon its hideous shoulders, but really other causes are more or less to blame. We suspect that some of our troubles could be traced back to laziness and others to cowardice, and still others to lavish ness, which is the opposite of greed. But no matter about that. Although there is not the faintest hope that this war will cure all the evils of civiliza tion, there is still less ground to fear that it will destroy civilization itself. A great many people live in constant terror lest it should be overthrown, or demolished, or shattered, but it has gone through too many rough times unharmed to be slain now for good and all. During those terrible centuries when Rome was slowly perishing there was something like a general collapse of civilization. Universal bloodshed depopulated whole prov inces, pestilences raged over Europe and Asia. Morals seemed to have dis appeared, and art, science and litera ture were obliterated. Gibbon gives a fearful account of human misery in that most discouraging period, and yet civilization did not perish. Far, far from it. In the darkest years of falling Rome the seeds were germi nating which were to grow up into a civilization more serenely beautiful than anything Rome or Greece had seen. While death reigned every iwhere and the forces of destruction were doing their most cruel work the white angel of Christianity brooded over the world and generated a new life. We must grant that the new life has not been all that one could have wished. It has failed in many things and its defeats have been almost as numerous as its victorie's. But sup pose, just suppose for the sake of supposing, that there is brooding, over the warring European nations some hitherto . unsuspected power. It may be a new inspiration direct from the great source of light and liberty. It may be some new and immensely po tent form of Christianity. And from its brooding perhaps we shall see the creation of a new and better world, just as the modern world, with all its sweetness and light, arose out of the medieval chaos. WHAT TO SWAT. September is the worst month for flies, unless perhaps October excels if slightly in evil profusion. In these sunny days the iniquitous insects lie in wait at the screen doors and the instant an opening appears, in they swarm to the housewife's horror and the husband's wrath. In September bald heads are exceptionally attractive to flies, and the verminous creatures acquire a mucilaginous quality which doubles or trebles their power to an noy. "It is delightful on these accounts to be able to announce that the city of Cleveland has achieved the miracu lous feat of making flies as scarce in September as they were in March, or at least in early June. Perhaps March is a little premature for the com parison, v "N. The deed has been done, not by swatting them, but by removing the filth that they breed in. The refuse of the livery stables, kitchen garbage and the like ' have all been collected systematically and . thoroughly, under municipal supervision, with the con sequence that having nowhere to lay their eggs the flies have generated no descendants. Swatting is an agreeable diversion. Nobody can deny that it is extremely pleasant on a bright. Summer morn to smash the intruders on the window panes and decorate the wall paper with their mangled remains. It is particularly agreeable when a wound ed victim falls into the cream Jug or the ''gravy. But upon the whole it is barren of results. Of course, one gets his revenge upon individual flies for their enormities and it is sweet, as revenge always Is, but the multitude of the invaders remains undiminished. Indeed it grows from month to month no matter how industriously the swat ter may swat, and it will keep on growing as long as filth is plentiful. The venerable precept, "Swat the fly," might profitably be altered to "Swat the refuse heap." SHAIJ, THE MAJORITY It C LET Proportional representation Is in es sence a denial of the principle that the majority shall rule. It is hardly too much to say that majority rule is the foundation stone, or one of them, of republican government. Certainly it is of democracy. It may be "agreed that where proportional representation shall be adopted, no dozen mea can be elected to the Legislature representing any common aim or policy, or committed to any definite plan. As a promoter of inefficiency, disorder and disap pointment, proportional representation would do all the most ardent advocate of tTRenism could .hope for. This in reply to Mr. TTRen's letter printed elsewhere. The Republican candidates for the Legislature, nominated at a direct, pri mary by the vote of the people, re-'l sponded to a public call upon them from -more than one hundred citizens to submit their names as candidates. The Oregonian had an active sym pathy with the movement, and sup ported it; but not one of the twelve is in any sense the personal candidate of the editor of this newspaper. They are all desirable citizens, as Mr. U'Ren appears to admit. But Mr. TTRen makes it clear that he thinks .they ought not to be elect ed, because he says there is not a laborer, or a clerk, or any others in kindred pursuits in the lot. There is a representative of the labor unions in the group, and the twelve follow many occupations and have various opinions and preferences. They have been nominated, and doubtless they will be elected, because they are quali fied to represent the whole people at Salem, and because the people believe they will do it. Mr. tTRen has not been fortunate In citing the example of the twelve candidates'for the Legislature. If the U'Ren scheme of proportional rep resentation were to control our, elec tions and the personnel of our pub lic officers, only a part of the twelve, nominated on practically a common platform, could be elected. It will be a positive loss to the public If they shall not be elected. Because it wants such men elected. The Oregonian op poses proportional representation -and every other U'Ren scheme to upset and overturn. A NAVAL OUTPOST BAXD. While the armies of the warring powers pound awayr at one another in desperate hand-to-hand encounters the navies continue to spar and parry at long range without getting Into contact. The latest disclosure from the North Sea is that three British cruisers have been torpedoed by a Ger man submarine. This after several weeks of quietude since a British ex pedition of cruisers slipped into the German rendezvous about Heligo land and' picked off a German cruiser. Not a battleship in action; not a single dreadnought damaged or even brought Into action, so far as has been re vealed. - The fighting is confined to the light draft cruisers and the naval wasps of the two great powers. Nor is it likely that there will be an early change in this programme of naval fighting. The German fleet is so heavily outweighed in fighting strength that it must choose to lie close to land fortifications and pro tected harbors " about Heligoland, Wilhelmshaven and the Kiel canal. The German wasps must continue to sting a British unit here and there in the German strategy of reducing the British force to less formidable pro portions. Not only this, but the British fleets are operating so far from their bases that the strain must be heavily felt and a system of re liefs entailed in the work of. keeping the North SeEbottled up. The sinking of three British cruisers Is not likely to change the British plan very much. The Germans must be kept bottled up even though this does give the German fleet a con siderable advantage in the matter of raiding. By withdrawing to a point of relative safety from submarine or torpedo-boat assaults the British would merely make possible a wider field of German raiding operations. The fact that the boats sent to the bottom were of an almost obsolete type suggests that the British ap preciate the dangerous character of their mission off Heligoland and are making the cost as light as possible by using inferior cruisers for the more dangerous scouting work. In the patrol work outside the Ger man rendezvous the British cruisers offer a continual temptation to daring torpedo-boat and submarine operators. Of course, the British boats contin ually shift their positions, but even then the submarine may be able to get the general location and maneuver to a point from- which effective- fire can be delivered. Traveling well under the surface the torpedo boat does not disclose its position-, but necessarily it must make reconnoissance before dipping and direct its coifrse on data gathered before diving. That scores of submarine attempts must fail is Indicated by the fact that there have not been more casualties from this source, but that the submarine is also tremendously effective has just been demonstrated in the most em phatic way. This destructive vessel is a dimin utive craft of from 150 to 250 tons' displacement. It is propelled on the surface by steam and under the sur face by storage batteries. . It carries fuel for a surface run of 1000 miles and can travel .as far as fifty miles under the water, sinking to a depth as great as 150 feet. Submersion is effected by means of vertical screws, one at each end of the craft and operated by separate engines. The boat's heavy steel hulk is built to withstand the heavy pressure that comes with a depth of 100 to 150 feet. The offensive power consists of a gun carrying heavy charges of high ex- plosives and projected either by powder or compressed air. England has eighty-five of these submarines. Germany has thirty. But In the present mode of naval patrol work the Germans have a marked ad vantage in that the British are ex posed in the open sea. . By use of warning nets the Germans are able to stave off submarine attacks that might be launched against their ves sels in protected stations. So far as its importance as.decid Ing the matter of naval supremacy is concerned, the latest action is of no consequence no more than if a machine gun platoon slipped up under cover and wiped out part of a picket before the bivouac of an army. It will take many such coups to reduce the British navy. But then repeated success of submarine raids might cause the British to draw off and give the German naval bases a wider berth. A LEE SO l-I AND A WAKNKG. " The reason ' the river and harbor bill was defeated is that the so-called filibuster of Senator Burton was ap proved by the overwhelming senti ment of the country. It found ex pression in an almost universal pro test by Influential newspapers every where against the "pork barrel." ,The measure, carrying in its original form more than $50,000,000 outright ap propriations and committing the Gov ernment to $40,000,000 additional ex penditure, might have been railroaded through Congress in more propitious times; but when the nation was con fronted by an early treasury deficit, which could be cured only by the drastic remedy of a war tax, the Sen ate did not dare add the $90,000,000 overload. It is comforting to hear from Sen ator Chamberlain that Oregon "will not suffer materially" by reason of curtailment of the appropriations. The army engineers, who will expend the $20,000,000 fund, will care for authorized projects, and the Columbia River and other Oregon rivers and harbors belong in that category. Evidently the local fuss stirred up by the political supporters of the Sen ator for partisan purposes was not justified. In any event, it did not greatly impress Senator Lane, who supported the $20,000,000 appropria tion and aided the effort to throw the pork barrel overboard. Probably it has not escaped atten tion in Oregon that Senator Burton, who has been locally denounced .as a buccaneer and a highwayman for his determined opposition to the pro posed river and harbor bill, assented readily to a suggestion from Senator Chamberlain that he accept and ap prove $1,500,000 for a continuing con tract for the Columbia River, as well as the $1,000,000 original appropria tion. It appears also that all the Ore gon items had been accepted by Sen ator Burton, and had found a place in his compromise measure. The people of Oregon are pro foundly concerned about the improve ment of the Columbia River and of all their harbors. But they are not will ing, for their own advantage, to sell their self respect by a bargain with traffickers in pork through which they will give what the -Treasury raiders want if they are permitted to take what they are entitled to have. PfBIJC WELFARE AXD PRIVATE WHIM. Sound public sentiment will sustain Health Officer Marcellus in his stand on the vaccination question. His or der to exclude unvaccinated children from the schools until their health is assured is not "drastic and arbitrary," as some , parents mistakenly believe. It is an order which is essential to the welfare of the city, and well disposed citizens ought to obey it unhesitat ingly. The parents who allege that their children have not been exposed to smallpox have no scientific knowledge of that terrible disease. The expo sure may have been made under con ditions of which they do not dream. When smallpox is raging In a neigh borhood everybody is more' than likely to be exposed. Even if the exposure were doubtful in any case the public should have the benefit of the doubt. It is better that one child or one fam ily should be somewhat incommoded for a few days than that the whole community should be ravaged by a loathsome disease. It seems incredible that - intelligent citizens should oppose fundamental hygienic measures merely for the grat ification of their private whims. The public health must be protected, no matter how much it costs in money and contention. But how much better it would be if the teachings of scienca and common sense could allay the contention. IMMIGRATION TO FOLLOW WAR. ' ' The war has reduced to a thin stream the great flow of immigration which was expected to be turned in large part to the Pacific Coast after the Panama Canal was opened. The total arrivals at New York in the three months ending August 31 were only 133,429 against 347,672 in the same period of last year. August immigra tion was only 27 per cent of the total for August, 1913, and there has been an abnormal backward flow of reservists called to the colors of European armies. When the war ends, we may ex pect the westward stream to swell to a flood. Although Germany was vic torious in the war of 1S70, a great increase in German immigration fol lowed during several years, and after a lull the movement was renewed in the early eighties. In the three years before' the war with Japan, Russia sent us" 328,000 immigrants, rbut in the two years following that "war she sent us 473,000. All the nations which have sent us most immigrants In re cent years are likely .to be involved in the present war. Judging by prec edent, we may expect all to pour their citizens over our borders in vast numbers. The greatest cause of emigration is lack of capital to give employment at adequate wages to the people in their native country. iThis lack has been due to diversion of capital to military preparation. The war will aggravate this condition, and there Is likely to be a stampede of reservists to sell all they have and take their families from a country impoverished and devoid of opportunity. Whichever group of nations wins, the greatest rush is likely to be from southeastern Europe, whence has come the bulk of our immigration in the last two decades. Russia, Austria, Hungary and Italy will continue to pour out hundreds of thousands. New comers may arrive in greater numbers from Germany and the British Isles. The greater accessibility of the virgin fields adjacent to the Pacific Ocean will prove a strong lure. The war has brought into promi nence an added reason for stricter regulation of immigration. Many thousand immigrants have remained reservists in the armies of their na tive countries and have answered summons to the colors, thus showing that their first allegiance is to a coun try other than the United States. The number of" such men may well be greatly increased among the immi grants who come after the war. There are possibilities of danger in the pres ence among us of large numbers of men who still acknowledge their duty to render military service to another nation. Were the United States to become involved in war with some European nation, a host of reservists from that nation would be among us, sworn tofight against us. The govern ment might find it necessary to, con fine them in great camps, as Great Britain has done with German and Austrian residents of her territory. This su-bject will need attention when next Congress legislates on Immigra tion? . It would be a pretty slim war that did not call in at least one come A from the depths of space. When the Turks were besieging Vienna there was a monstrously bright one with a hideous tail. It was finally driven away by prayer. During the Civil war a frightful comet hung porten tously over the country. Just how it was gotten rid of has never been stated definitely. Delavan's comet will probably swing a wrathful tail in the sky as long as the fighting goes on. A contemporary quotes some Eng lish rules 200- years old" for picking and storing apples. They are about the same as those we read in the lat est Bulletins of the Agricultural De partment. "Pick the apples in an apron a yard square," the rules say, "and when it is full unloose one corner and empty it gently into the great basket." The, apron has been displaced by a patent pail with a canvas bottom, but displacement does not . always mean Improvement. ' The salmon that pulled Mr. White- more into Hood River must have been a mammoth fish. Perhaps it was not a salmon, but a whale which would have swallowed him if he had not climbed out expeditiously. It speaks well for Mr. Whitemqre's habits that he was able to climb out. We know fishermen who would not have been in a condition to evade even a salmon, to say nothing of whales. County fairs of the genuine, old- fashioned sort grow more popular every year. It is the horse-racing, vaudeville-producing sort that fails. The real country fair is educative and entertaining. It exhibits the farmer's work and his wife's, and the sports, like the entries, are strictly home made. When a fair begins to import its attractions it has entered the prim rose path to bankruptcy. Secretary Bryan boasts of having signed twenty-six peace treaties bind ing two-thirds of the world's popula tion to investigate before making war. In the opinion of the German Chan cellor a treaty is but "a scrap of paper." Unless the nation which makes a treaty can enforce it by armed might, the agreement is worth less. New York, like Portland,, has been trying free public markets on a lim ited scale and "experimentally." In that city, as in this one, the experi ment has more than answered expec tations. New York now plans to put her tentative markets on an enduring basis.. Could Portland do wiser than to follow her example? It is more than likely the Tonopah newspaper office said to . have been dynamited early yesterday morning suffered from explosion of gasoline in the garage adjoining. Dynamiting a newspaper is a lost art, as even Gen eral Otis will admit. Americans must be patient with the patriots who effervesce in the war colleges and " the. streets. Suppose this country were at war, could any thing hold down an . American in a neutral land? The surface of earth and sea is the most dangerous place in war, and therefore the most avoided. Men have taken to hiding in holes in the ground or going up in the air or under the sea. German officers accuse Belgian civilians of fearful crimes. The mili tary gents were ever inclined to pic ture noncombatants in the war zone as creatures wearing horns. We may next read of a battle under the sea between two submarines. Then our boys will pronounce Jules Verne's books "dry," and some newswriter will rewrite him up-to-date. Mexico may by a strenuous effort stave off another revolution until the American army has left Vera Cruz, but that seems to be the limit of her self-restraint. President Wilson will take notice that Kitchener gives the war three years to run and close his ears to ap peals to start a peace movement. . Canada meets the request for troops and raises the number ten thousand. The mother country is one of the goals of the colonial-born Briton. Three British cruisers stung by a single German wasp is designed to warn the British fleet away from the Heligoland bees' nest. There is nothing in the world fo match the Oregon flagpole at San Francisco, and it Is. worth the fuss made over it. Britannia must extend her rule from the waves to the bottom of the sea in order to make her ships safe. Nothing is too good for Old Yam hill. Notice the weather for the School Fair that begins today. - Three units of the British fleet have gone to the bottom with plenty of tens and hundreds left. Says a headline: "War clouds again hover over Northern Mexico." Again or yet? Even the Democrats resent West's strained attempt to find fault with Dr. Withycombe. There will be much talk but no peace until after- a decisive naval battle. Baseball will soon have to step aside for football. This is the weather. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonian Sept. 23. 1864. New York The Times' Washington correspondent sayt;: "Sheridan's grand success near Win chester is noted as the first victory ever achieved in the Shenandoah Val ley by National Arms, but it is so mag nificent in its proportions as to wipe out completely the long series of re verses which have given that valley the designation of the "Valley of Hu miliation." New York The Inter-Continental Telegraph Company, in conjunction with the Russian Government, is en gaged in fitting out an expedition un der the immediate supervision of Cap tain Bullard. U.S. A, for Oregon, the Coast of Russian America and. . the country beyond Behring Straits. The expedition is to survey & route for a telegraph line. London The Queen has ordered that no warships of either the North Amer ican belligerents in future be allowed to enter British ports, or remain for the purpose of being dismantled or sold. Severson & Elliott are now manu facturing All klnHn nf ra i-ri mb u t-, H buggies at their new shop. Second street between. Alder and Morrison. The following members answered the rollcall at the Common Council meet ing last night: Councllmen Bennett, Frazar, Gradon, Hoffman. Robertson and Starr. The liverv .tlah1llinint rnrr, nt Washington and Second streets, was Purchased bV eX-Khriff TnriH vaotar. day and on Monday next he will suc- A company has been formed for the manufacturing of water-proof cement out of the rock that abounds at the mouth of the Columbia River. The company consists of Joseph Jeffers. General Adair, Professor Hopkinson and Truman Powers. Among bills introduced In the Legis lature at Salem is one by Mr. Wade To make U. S. Legal Tender Notes re ceivable for State and county taxes, licenses, etc." HOW TO BEAT TWELVE GOOD MEN. Proportional Representation Would Cer tainly Have That Result. OREGON CITY. Sept.. 21. (To the Editor.) In an editorial article on "The "Vicious Seven" you put down the $1500 Homes Tax Exemption amendment as the worst of the lot. ' If I agreed with you, it would be the best of the lot from my standpoint. But in its ulti mate results the Proportional Represen tation amendment will be far better for the people of Oregon than the $1500 Exemption. The nomination of the Republican candidates for the Legislature in Mult nomah County is one of the strongest arguments that could be offered for Proportional Representation. It is generally believed, and I suppose the Oregonian will admit, that ten of the candidates nominated by the Republi cans were selected by 'the Editor of the Oregonian and not more than two or three of his friends. I am not criti cising the men, but they are represen tative only of the trading and profes sional men of Portland. There is not a day laborer, a clerk, a mechanic who is working at the trade, a farmer, nor a woman among the twelve. When Proportional Representation Is adopted it will be impossible for any two or three men, or a hundred times that number, to select the twelve repre sentatives in the Legislature from Mult nomah County. It will be equally im possible to elect them exclusively from trie trading and professional classes of the community. Under that amend ment" the delegation from Multnomah County will include representative citi zens from all classes of the community, Instead of from two only. We shall get fewer laws, but much better ones, from a legislature in which all classes of the people of the State are fairly represented, than under the present plan where the members are nearly all adherents of one political party, and are chiefly of the trading and profes sional classes. If you had said the $1500 Exemption amendment was the second best, I should agree with you. W. S. U'REN. SIKH IS THE FIERCEST SOLDIER He Hu m Face Calculated to Strike Terror to the Enemy on Sight. Girard, in Philadelphia Public Ledger. Did you. evtr see a Sikh In uniform? No? Whatever of fierceness your child hood fancy painted upon the face of a soldier) the Sikn has it. Other soldiers may be as brave," or may light more tenaciously, or die more willingly, but for simple fierceness of personal ap pearance all medals go to- the Sikh. He is so fierce to look at that I won der his English officer can calmly face him without fear. You have read how trainloads of these East Indian troops are hurrying across Canada to show their tierce faces to the Germans. Does not Caesar relate that the Ro man soldiers were frightened by the terrible looks of the early German tribes? Now the boot goes upon the other foot. A Sikh and I've seen many regi ments of them on their native heath is a tall man with black hair and a long black beard. The beard is what makes him look so fierce, because he plaits it into two thick braids and draws these back of his ears, where they are tied. If you think that doesn't make a sol dier look fierce, you make a sad error, which one glance at him would correct. The Sikhs are Hindus, and so strict are their religious beliefs that all the food they eat must be especially pre pared according to their own rites. WITHYCOMBE IMPRESSES COXDOX Votcra, Kesardleaa of Party, Will Sap port Mint In That District. Condon Times. The Oregon Journal has Its little hammer out knocking Dr. Withycombe for Governor. It would be well for people to take what the Journal says with a large pinch of salt. Not that it matters very much what the Journal says in this vicinity, as the doctor will carry every precinct In the county by a large majority. He will also get a large vote in Wheeler County. Party lines will not count In Dr. Withy combe's race; the people will vote for the man and let the party take care of itself. There are hundreds of good, sound Democrats east of the moun tains who have no axes to grind who will vote for Dr. Withycombe, the farmer Governor. When last here he made a lasting impression upon the ladles of Condon and will get mostly every -woman's vote in this town. It Is to be hoped he will come up again and give us another talk before election. St ad j- Spanish to Win Trade. Chicago Journal. From the Rio Grande to Cape Horn the Western world speaks two Iberian languages, Spanish and Portuguese. These are so closely allied that a man proficient in one finds the other little more than a dialect. Together they give commercial access to 8,000,000 square miles of the most productive territory on earth, territory with which the United States already has a vast and increasing trade, and in which this country can become commercially su preme if it tries. It would seem that the present is a good time for Americans to study Spanish. MRS. STTBBS WELCOME I3T OREGON Idea That She Will "Stir Ip Horn eta - Nest" Welcome to Many. PORTLAND. Sept. 21. T0 the Edi tor.) Many people were quite sur prised when they failed to find In the Saturday evening Journal the usual double-column editorial for that day setting for tin what Dr. Withycombe said at Billville some years ago about the injustice of the Nebraska-Kansas bill of 1854, but tho disappointment was in large measure offset by an edi torlal last Sunday morning directed against Mrs. Jessie Hardy Stubbs for aanng to come to Oregon for thi avowed purpose of assisting in the de feat of all Democratic candidates as piring to positions ' in the National congress. The question is asked with an ar rogant pomposity, "Can she dictate to Oregon?" and proceeds to inform the Chicago lady that she is not wanted here, that she "will stir ud a hor nets' nest in Oregon." and that "some tens or thousands of women in Ore gon know Senator Chamberlain bet ter than they know Mrs. Jessie Hardy Stubbs, of Illinois," etc The writer of thia letter has heen in Oregon longer than the Journal has and wishes to inform Mrs. Stubbs that by the larger portion of our peo ple she is highly welcome; that there is general rejoicing over the Journal's discovery that she will stir up a hor nets' nest and that the admission of the wide knowledge "thousands of Ore gon women have of Senator Cham- oerialn will powerfully contribute to the success of Mrs. stubbs' mission. All'S. Stubbs is further msnrri that it is the policy of the Journal to at tack every man and woman who ven tures to oppose it in Its campaigns of "non-partisanship" for the election of candidates on the Democratic ticket n a heavily ReDublican state. T air- Thompson was attacked viciously as a very dangerous man to trust with pub lic affairs, though his people elected him to the Legislature under the Oregon aystem. Mr. .Moser is pictured as the same sort of man because he Is sup porting the nominee of his nartv tnr Governor, thus showing his loyalty to the primary law, and Mr. Dlmick, the manager of Senator Booth's campaign, is derided because he was defeated at the primaries for the nomination fr.r Governor, thus showing his supposed unpopularity. Let a man openly sup port anybody in Oregon on the Re publican ticket and the shafts nf th "non-partisan" Journal, "an independent newspaper, are directed toward him as a bad man by nature and an nmv of good government. These lines are written to assure tr Stubbs that her reception bv th .Tnr. nai is quite in line with the brow- Deating policy of that DaDer.- that it. usual methods were followed in its attack upon her for daring to come to Oregon in any interest save that which would harmonize with its wishes and that her announced purpose in entering the Oregon campaign is ap preciated by a large majority of the people here who recall Woodrow Wil son s uncandid excuse given to the women of the United States that could not take a position in favor of equai sun rage Decause his party's plat form is silent on the subject, though he has on several occasions thrown mat piatrorm to the winds anri im pelled an unwilling Congress to knuckle to his demand for a comniiin... -in. his personal wishes platform or no piaiiorm. OBSERVER. TWO OF THE BIO SINEWS OF WAR Horaea and Gasoline Important Factors In Present Struggle. Wall-Street Journal. It is one of the grim realities of war that men are far cheaper than horses. They can be more easily replaced. They are not so costly to feed, nor does what they eat involve the bulk of transport necessary to sustain a larce cavalry force. The horse is a commodity whose price may be expected to advance in this country most rapidly. No doubt the buying will be through private agencies, but the destination will be the fieldof battle, and the nation which 'commands the sea is likely to have first pick. When an advance is checked, much is said about the exhaustion of the men. Exhaustion of the horses is a far more serious matter, because the men can soon rest or be recruited, but the lost horses can only be replaced at a cftstly expenditure of time. No doubt the mo tor is responsible for much of the transportation in the present war; but it cannot handle artillery in the field, and cavalry cannot charge on motor cycles. In the German staff record and study of the Boer War the highest praise of any General, after Lord Kitchener, was given to the present Field Marshal French. He has the rare talent of han dling cavalry in mass. Cavalry Gen erals are born rather than made, and the German staff paid him the com pliment of likening him to Key and Phil Sheridan. It must gratify them to find how accurate their Judgment was. But French used up his horses In the Boer War at a rate which scared the War Office and the British taxpayer, two institutions which do not always realize that you cannot have omelettes without breaking eggs. General French's cavalry tactics In the present campaign have won unstinted praise from expert critics. But he must have used up horses at a rate which may easily explain why the Germans have been able to reform their lines behind the Aisno a maneuver perhaps prin cipally intended to restore the lines of communication and to repair dam ages The world supply of horses Is limited, and the effect of commandeering is likely to be felt in next year's plow ing, to say nothing of the harvest. It is well enough to talk of the women and old men attending to the sowing and harvesting. But the horse is an imper ative "necessity in such agricultural work, and his absence will be severely felt. The horse io Indeed one of the sinews of war. Perhaps another, equally im- portant, though different. Is gasoline. The exhaustion of these two essentials may be a matter of life and death to Germany at no distant date. FELT MUFFLERS FOR MACHINERY Silencer, Designed by Harvard Profea aora. In New York Bnlldlns. Saturday Evening Post. A monster silencer, made on some what the same principle as the silencer for guns, has been designed by Har vard professors for the noisy ma chinery of a New York power plant. In order to meet the protests of peo ple living in the neighborhood, and its success will give an opportunity for doing away with many of the noise nuisances of industry. The great generators in the base ment of this pewer station proved to be very noisy. It was not practicable to make the building soundproof, as rapid circulation of air was needed to keep the generators from becoming overheated, and consequently the cur rents of air from the hot generators, going out into the open, carried the noise waves to the whole neighbor hood. The professors have built a well to the basement through which the air from the generators must pass to get outside the building. In the well are many flashboards covered with heavy felt. The air currents will be thrown from one flashboard to another as they come up through the well, and every sound wave that strikes one of the felt coverings will lose much of its en thusiasm, so that by the time the outer air is reached most of the noise will have disappeared. Twenty-Five Years Ago From The Oregonian. September 21. 1SS9. Spokane Falls Defective air brakes caused a fatal collision at Trent, nine miles east of the city. The engineer of the freight saw the passenger train ahead, but having confidence in the brakes ran some distance before ap plying them, with the fatal result. Lou Hogan. brakeman, was killed and sev eral injured. Tacoma, Wash. T. L. Stiles, candi date for Judge of the Supreme Court of Washington, against whom charges have been made in Tucson, A. T., fur political purposes, has received a tele gram from friends in Arizona Territory expressing their sympathy and assur ing Mr. Stiles that he has their confi dence in his integrity and ability, and that they completely exonerate him, knowing full well the charges are part of a political plot. The telegram is from the most prominent bankers, pub lic men. educators, a delegate to Con gress, attorneys and business men. St Johns, N. F. The British war ship Lily has struck a rock off Point Arthur and sunk. Seven lives were lost. Manitou, Colo. The contract for building the cog-wheel road up Pike's Peak was signed today at Chicago and on Monday work will begin from the top of the peak. The road will be ready to operate in May. A force of 300 Is ready to gar to work. Two hundred and seventy-five fine, fat cattle purchased in Klamath by E. May were driven through the streets yesterday on their way to Spaulding, Papworth & Co.'s slaughter-house. The personal property belonging to the estate of the late Ben Holladay will be sold today at his late residence. Third and Stark street, by James Steel, administrator, and George W. Weidler, receiver. The funeral of Charles R. Hoyt took place yesterday at 1:30 P. M. from the residence of his parents. Seventh and Alder streets. Rev. Arthur J. Brown, of the First Presbyterian Church, of ficiated. The pallbearers were Paul Lee, John W. McKall. Harry W. Hogue, R. H. Blossom, George McGuinn and Fred R. Smith. L. Samuel, William Kapus and Her bert Bradley have been appointed a committee to look after visiting news papermen at the Exposition on "News paper Day." which will be Saturday. S. C. Beckwith writing from New York, says: We had four calls from your city today as follows: F. J. Alex Mayer and wife. Dr. J. Hunter Wells and Dr. William Koehler, dentist. They were all delighted to get fresh news from home through the files of The Oregonian." FARMERS POULTRY DIMINISHING Correspondent on Inquiry Finds Chi nese Competition the Reason. NEWBEKG. Or., Sept. 19. (To the Editor.) A recent Journal editorial under title "Why Be an Ass?" vic iously attacked The Oregonian for Its utterances on the question of the importation of Chinese eggs. New Zea land butter and Australian beef having a demoralizing effect upon the local market the result of a policy now in operation for which the Democratic Administration is responsible. The Journal winds up its article with a quotation from the Newberg Enter prise to prove its contention that The Oregonian has adopted the Insignia of Democracy. "The long ears" and "The Hee! Haw!" as proof of Its wilful un truthfulness and hopeless Ignorance. I do not desire to engage in contro versy with the Journal as to the merits of the accusation or to match spasms over the rich Oriental aroma that es capes from the secret depth of the frying pan when a couple of those de lectable brown and bespeckled eggs are being prepared for my breakfast, but if the Journal imagines that the success of Democratic principles was responsible for the high price of but ter at Newberg, compared with a much lower market at Portland for the same quality on the same date, lt4s very much mistaken. Or, if The Oregonian believes that New Zealand butter and trie scarcity of work and the- unem ployed question have made the worker and the consumer "a millionaire for a day," with the result that butter at Newberg reached the high mark of 80 cents per two-pound roll, it, too. is far from the facts. Neither will these ex planations meet the question pertain ing to the uncalled-for discrepancies in the prices of other coTnmodities. I have traveled over the greater part of Oregon in the last six months and I have noticed a large decrease in the number of hens on the farm. When I inquired into the whys and where fores, in many cases I have been an swered, "What's the use? What incen tive is there for anyone to raise a large flock of hens for egg production, ship your eggs to Portland or other market centers and be compelled to meet the Chinese eggs In competition for which the same price, or nearly so, is being paid?" In one instance a farmer shipped two cases of egs to Portland, for which he received very unsatisfactory returns, and upon inquiry was told they could buy all the eggs they want ed at lower price, meaning the import ed article of course, and that they could handle the farmer's product at butvllttle advance. The Journal will undoubtedly deny the charge, but nev ertheless It is true, and an investiga tion carried on for the purpose of en lightenment would surprise even the most prejudiced partisan politician. The Journal has often said that the vigorous prosecution by the Govern ment (Democratic Administration) of the trusts and those responsible for aerial flights of the necessaries of life, together with free trade, would solve the problem of the high cost of living. But, behold! With swelling pride the Journal boasts of prohibitive prices without giving a justifiable reason. Consistency, like the man's appendix. has long since been removed from the anatomy of some newspapers and mag azines that I have read. - J. C. MOORES. The Gathering; Hosts. Judge. "You have a number of relatives vis iting you. have you not?" inquired the able editor of the village weekly. xes, grimly confessed Montgomery Morose, a pessimistic person with an excellent excuse for so being. "De spite a strict censorship I am able to authoritatively inform you that prac tically the entire standing army of my wife's kinfolks, together with the reservists, the colonials, the Landwehr and the Landsturm. is now mobilizinsr at our house with the Intention of in vesting it lor the balance of the heated term." You Are Wanted There is an Important message for you one that directly concerns your well-being. It may be the turning point ir your life it may merely be a tem porary comfort. Where is it? In the advertising columns of today's Oregonian. It is an invitation the voice of production calling on demand. Read the advertising In the newspaper today. Read It every day. It will pay you well. A