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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 25, 1914)
THE MORNING OREGOyiAX, TUESDAY, AUGUST 25, 1914. w 50-MILE STRETCH TWO PHOTOGRAPHS OF SCENES WITHIN THE PRESENT BATTLE ZONE. GRAPHIC STORY OF FLIGHT IS RELATED - Q niir IS Dr. Guy Mount Tells of Great American Hegira From War-Torn Europe. Germany's Attack on Other Combatants Gives Czar Chance in Prussia. REFUGEES IN SORE STRAITS TWO POTENT POINTS TAKEN WON BY RUSSIA Capture of Gumblnen and Inster trarg Lead's Ross to Strongly Fortified Cities Powerful Forts Dot Zone Ahead. PARIS, Aug. 24. The Russian ad vance along- the German frontier la more decisive than at first supposed and the army of the Czar now occu pies German territory for a stretch of 60 miles, the invasion into the prov inces of East and West Prussia having been unopposed, owing to the Kaiser's troubles with the French, English and Belgian troops in Belgium. News has reached here that the Rus sians now have captured the important positions of Gumbinnen and Insterburg, the capture of which has brought them In front of a series of more or less strongly-fortified German cities, placed to the east of the Vistula River and bftween it and the frontier. The slow mobilization of the Czar's army is now accounfed for and indica tions point to a strong campaign pr Cramme outlined. Strong Forts on Route. Among the fortresses which now will confront tie Russian army Is Koenigsberg, on the Gulf of Danzig, a fortress of the first class as well as of great import. The city contains about 200,000 Inhabitants and was for merly a Polish possession. The garri son in times of peace comprises three infantry regiments of three bataallons each, a heavy cavalry regiment, a squadron of mounted rifles, two field artillery regiments, one garrison al tillery regiment, two engineer battal ions and one battalion of the army service corps. Thorn is another first-class fortress guarded by a large number of outly-'l Ing works. This place also has a garrison of nine Infantry battalions, one regiment of Uhlans, one field ar tillery regiment, one garrison artil lery regiment and a battalion of fort ress engineers. It is southwest of Koenlgsberg, on the Polish front. City Well Fortified. Allenstein is. if anything, stronger even than Thorn. Its garrison con sists of six infantry battalions, one dragoon regiment and a regiment of field artillery, but It is the headquar ters of the Thirty-seventh Infantry Division, as well as of the Seventy fifth Infantry Brigades, the Thirty seventh Cavalry Brigade and it is re garded as a place of concentration for a field army. Allenstein waa the scene of a victory by Marshal Soult and a French army over the pursuing Rus sians and Prussians in 1S07. It lies equally distant between Thorn and Koenlgsberg, the three cities forming the first fortfied line on the Eastern German frontier. Far to the north on the Vistula lies Danzig, a great naval station and fortress. It has a popula tion of about 150.000 and a considerable garrison, consisting of nine infantry battalions, two regiments of hussars, two field artillery regiments, one gar rison artillery regiment and a battalion of the army service corps. To the south of the Russian line of advance on the left wing of the Rus sian army lies Posen, a strongly fort ified city, formerly part of Poland, which Is occupied by a garrison, whose composition is not determined, but whose strength Is believed to be very great. Old Battlefields Involved. Between Danzig and Posen on an un even line lie the two fortresses of Brom berg, with six infantry battalions, one mounted grenadier regiment and two field artillery regiments, and Graudenz, which, has nine infantry battalions, a regiment of mounted rifles, two field Artillery regiments and some garrison artillery. These are the keys of the second line of defensive works. Other small fortified places on the line of advance are Marienburg, with a small garrison of artillery, which form erly was a fortress of the Knights Templar; Kulm, with a garrison of one rifle regiment and a machine gun sec tion; Dirschau, a small place which was plundered and burned by the French in 1807. and Braumsberg, which Is oc cuped by a fusileer battalion and which was the scene of a victory in 1807 by Bcrnadotte over the Russians. All these places were originally Polish, most of them becoming Prus sian territory when Poland was di vided In 1772 among Russia, Austria and Prussia. Most of the inhabitants still speak the Polish tongue. AMERICANS HELD AS SPIES 31an and Wife Detained in Jfureni burg. Searched and Released. LONDON, Aug. 24. Archer M. Hunt ington, president of the American Geographical Society, and Mrs. Hunt ington, who have arrived In London from the Continent, today confirmed the story of their arrest as Russian spies In Germany. They left Carlsbad two hours before the receipt of the news of the declara tion of war with Russia and traveled by motorcar to Nuremberg. When they reached Nuremberg they were arrested and taken to the police station, where they were searched and detained for six hours. Their papers were ransacked and their car commandeered. They were then at liberty to remain In Nuremberg under police surveillance. Later their French chauffeur and English valet were made prisoners of war. The Iluntlngtons remained in Nurem berg until August 18, when they took a special train to Amsterdam and ar rived safely in London. FIGHT ON PRICES GOES ON w York to Distribute 100,000 Pamphlets to Aid Work. NEW YORK. Aug. 24. In Its fight on high prices of foodstuffs, the Mayor's committee was prepared today to begin the distribution of 100.000 pamphlets on the many ways in which vegetables may be substituted for meat. The committee also has Joined in the campaign started yesterday by Mrs. Julian Heath, president of the National Housewives League, for a return to market-basket days. Some members of the committee believe that the habit of going to market will result In the establishment of open market-places throughout the city. The surface of the Caspian s has been iradually linking since 1910, until now navi gation has been Tmpedsd at several points. ABOVE RIVER MEUSE, LOOKING WORTH FROM CITADEL HEIGHTS OF INVASION PLAN OUT Germany Would Try Death Dealing Zeppelins. ARMY NOW NEARS OSTEND Bombs, Dropped From High in Air, on "Lunnon Town," Would Do Irreparable Damage Consul Says England Real Enemy. CHICAGO, Aug. 24. (Special.) The early invasion of England by the death dealing Zeppelins, the defeat of the French in the vicinity of Longwy by the German forces under the Crown Prince and the capturing of 8000 Rus sian prisoners on August 20, was the gist of an official wireless message re ceived today by Baron von Rieswltz, German Consul in Chicago. The mes sage came from the Ambassador, who arrived today at Washington. "The German army is now near Os tend, and from there to the nearest British seaport town the distance is only 62 miles, a small matter for the monster Zeppelins. It is only about 130 miles to London, and no doubt the air craft will go there as soon as possible. "Think what It means London only about 130 miles away. The Zeppelins can ride over there . In the dead of night, practically unseen, and drop those death-dealing bombs. We are not boasting. It's a reality. The damage that could be done to London cannot be estimated. "I don't believe there will be much work along the Belgian frontier, though England Is what they will go after. This Is the first official message I have received, and it surely is encouraging. It shows the other side of the situa tion." The Consul refused to discuss the Japanese situation. He evaded the question by merely saying, "I have nothing to say." BRUSSELS JHAS GIVEN UP (Continued From First Page.? Germans will let us send we will need no money. , Meanwhile, this is being taken to Ostend by motor car, but after the Germans enter, that route also may be closed. The English correspondent and all the American correspondents except three got out last night. Two hundred Americans are registered at the Ameri can Legation. Germans Enter on Bicycles. The first Germans to enter Brussels were on bicycles and in gray, an officer and two privates. They were white with dust, rifles were slung from ineir shoul ders and their spiked helmets covered with khaki. At the circle where the boulevard Regent meets the Chausse du Louvian, probably 300 men and three or four women gathered. They were, of course, of the concierge and work men class, In blouses. The windows of TIFIED CITADEL AT H.UIUK. the houses in which they had been em ployed were so tightly closed that Lady Godiva might have ridden the length of the boulevard and felt no shame. A few people, who had hermetically sealed house fronts, made It appear as though within an hour the day had changed from Thursday to Sunday morning. The entire route over which it was expected that the Germans would pass had been carefully policed. Both gen darmerie and citizens with special licenses from the Burgomaster kept the few spectators back from thccurb when the bicycles appeared. These policemen forced those who advanced curiously to retreat. The Germans came riding quickly, obviously with no thought that they might be molested. One of them as he passed asked in French, of a police man, the way to the railroad station. The man with the motor car to Ostend won't wait longer so I must stop. The numbers of Germans immediately out side the city is reported to be about 16,000. They are to occupy the Royal Palace and Hotel de Vllle. NEUTRALITY PLAN IS UP BRITISH AMBASSADOR AND SECRE TARY BRYAN CONFER. Belligerents Want Neutral Nations to Deal With Each Question as Legal Matter. WASHINGTON. Aug. 24. Sir Cecil Spring-Rice, the British, Ambassador. who has Just returned from London, conferred today with Secretary Bryan and Counselor Lansing on the general subject of American neutrality. As the United States and Great Britain have been foremost in develop ing abstract principles of International law governing obligations of neutral ity, the British Ambassador was par ticularly anxious the United States con tinue the advanced position It has taken. Regarding the principles of neutral ity concerning contraband, blockade, the rights of belligerent shipping and the rights of neutrals to maintain strict impartiality In their treatment of the war and commercial ships of the belligerents, It is the purpose of the British government and it Is un derstood of the other belligerents, to request such neutral powers as the United States to deal with each ques tion involving the application of neu trality, as a distinct legal proposition. This would result in a standard and uniform method of dealing with these questions. Great Britain and France already have signified their purpose to abide by the declarations of London as af fecting their rights and that of neutral nations during the present war. The United States Government has ratified the deglarations in treaty form, but has withheld their promulgation because of the failure of the great European pow ers to consummate the international agreement. It is the British that these arti cles would not prohibit the trans fer of belligerent ships to the Amer ican merchant marine under the pro vision of the new registry law, pro viding there .is no intention to use the vessels for the benefit of the bellig erent state, nor to return them to for eign ownership at the conclusion of hostilities. DrNANT. BEMW-STRONGLY FOR AUSTRIA NOW WAITS Russian Intervention Halts Its Fight on Servia. OFFENSIVE TACTICS STOP Forces Are Gathered fop Giant Struggle in Northeast, Says Of ficial Note Servians List Spoils Taken. LONDON, Aug. 24, 4:45 A. M. Ac cording to the Times' Venice corre spondent, the official telegraph agency in Vienna publishes the following of ficial notice on the Austro-Servian sit uation: "On account of the Russian interven tion in the Servian war, Austria is forced to gather all its forces for the principal struggle in the northeast Consequently the attack on Servia is henceforth looked upon asva punitive expedition and not as definite war. "The decision, therefore, has been reached to retire from the offensive and take up a waiting attitude, making a fresh attack when opportunity pre sents Itself. "The principal losses by Austria on the banks of the Drina are not surpris ing in view of the superiority of the numbers of the enemy. ivion, oerviu, auk. via uuuuuii, 11:25 A. M. Servia has issued a reply to the official communication on the Aueti u-oei v u suuiiiiuii, maucu en. Vienna. After repeating the points of Llie AU&L1IAU jlULt , lllU cici nail wui- munication says: "In order to put matters in their proper light, the official press bureau has been authorized by the highest au thorities to issue the following: ' "The Servian army captured spoils from the enemy In the engagement on the Drina. Up to the present the spoils include the following: " 'Four thousand five hundred pris oners, 53 guns, eight Howitzers, 114 caissons, three field ambulances and a medical column with supplies, 14 field kitchens, 15 ammunition, provision and telegraph wagons, railroad trains, quantities of equipment, several strong boxes, etc' " CAPTIVE LAUDS FRENCH Work of Artillery Praised by Ger man, Glad to Be Prisoner. PARIS, Aug. 24, 9:35 A. M.-Jhe Matin quotes today a German prisoner at Montpelier as follows: "Your French artillery is admirable. It destroyed in a few minutes entrench ments which we spent three days In making. The greater part of our men were killed, while others rushed to the rear with frightened cries as if some supernatural force had intervened against them. "I am glad to be a prisoner; it Is better than being under the yoke of German officers." Southern Banker's Automobile Com' mandeered and Trunks Dumped Into Street Steamer Runs Silently Through Fog. OREGON CITY, Or., Aug. 24. (Spe cial.) A graphic tale of the confusion In Europe and of the adventures at tending an unusual Journey across the Atlantic is told by Dr. and Mrs. H. S. Mount, who returned to their home here late last night, after spending several weeks in France, Germany, Bel gium and EJngland. They left the Con tinent for England July 27 and sailed for the United States on the White Star liner Celtic, August 6, arriving in New York August 13. Dr. and Mrs. Mount met many of the refugees from the Continent during their stay in London. "Many of the refugees were forced to walk from the interior of the country to the coast In their effort to get to London," said Dr. Mount this after noon. "Automobiles were taken away from American tourists with no delay. I heard of one English army officer, high In command, who was touring Germany in a brand new car. He was boastful that he would keep his ma chine, despite the order of the German government, and when a German of flver commanded him to get out of the car he pulled out his card. 'Oh! that's all right,' said the officer. 'Your driver will run the car to the barracks and then you can go to your hotel. You had better take your handbags, before the car leaves.' And that pro gramme was carried out exactly. AntomoMle Taken) Trunks Dumped. "There was one wealthy Southern banker who was making his first trip through Europe. He went through Italy and into Paris when the war broke out. He and his wife had bought many expensive articles and had five trunks filled with goods. They were driving through Paris toward their hotel when an officer stopped them, took their automobile for government use, and threw the trunks on the street, where they were left. The banker had a letter of credit for $10. 000, but no cash, and was unable to raise a cent. Finally he found another American who lent him $20 and the husband and wife bought a ticket to England. They arrived in London with 9 cents, and several Americans gave them enough to get to Liverpool, where the banker had connections. They crossed the channel in a boat which had a carrying capacity in ordinary time of 500, but which was loaded down with over 2000. Men and women slept on the decks and all were 111, for the trip was rough. "In several cities streets were blocked with trunks deserted by Americans, and I heard of one town where there was a pile of them up to the second story of a house." American Cash Discounted. Dr. and Mrs. Mount were In England before the $2,500,000 was sent on Its way from the United States for the re lief of Americans in Europe. "An American dollar was worth from 30 to 40 cents, and letters of credit on American banks, notes and express drafts were almost valueless for a time. Many Americans in London were abso lutely broke, and I saw one wealthy woman in Liverpool, who in her home in this country had everything she wished, who was without 1 cent and had no hope of securing money for some time. "Americans were willing to sacrifice almost anything to get out of England and back to their homes. I was of fered $5000 for my stateroom on the Celtic but refused the offer. Wealthy men and women came in the steerage and were glad of the chance. Every where there was a spirit of democracy and a total lack of selfishness. The refugee who had money was willing to lend it to the one who did not. "Many tricks were resorted to to se cure cash. A favorite one was to buy money orders at one sub-station with notes or checks and then go to another station and cash It. I know one man who secured $200 in that way. We landed in Europe before the finances of the country reached the critical stage, and I was fortunate in cashing several express orders before it became too late. Cooks and Walters Leave. "The real crisis was reached Wednes day, July 29. We were stopping at the Hotel Cecil, In London, at the time, and all the waiters and cooks, who were French, were summoned home. Some did not even have time to go to their rooms, so sudden was the call, and I remember that over 1000 French re servists were marched from London to their country's defense before 8 o'clock In the morning. "After the cooks and waiters left our meals did not come regularly, and we were forced to wait until the crippled force which was gathered could reach us. "The trip across the Atlantic was rough and certainly quiet. There was no light on the deck after dark and canvas was draped over the side of the steamer to hide the light from the portholes. After we sailed from Queens town we went for two days straight northward, and during those two days the ship was tossed constantly. At times the bow of the ship would be thrown from the water and then the propeller. At the end of the second day it grew very cold and a fog settled down, but the ship did not sound her fog horn or light one deck light. The fog lifted suddenly one morning and we found that the Celtic had missed British tank steamer less than 160 yards. At one time the ship did strike an iceberg, but we were going so slowly that no damage was done. SHIP LEAVES FOR ORIENT Shinyo Maru, Likely to Be Escorted by Japanese Cruiser. SAN FRANCISCO. Aug. 22. The Jap anese liner Shinyo Maru sailed today for the Orient, after an overhauling in dry dock. It is supposed she will be Joined at sea and convoyed across the Pacific by the cruiser Idzumo, which preceded her last Saturday. Somewhere between this port and Japan are the German cruisers Leipzig and Nurnberg. Japanese Diplomat Quits Berlin. BERLIN, Aug. 24, via London. The ,1 jpjlJCJL , anese Charee d'Air;urus, wno was handed his passports Dy tne merman ,..,.t vnqtprrfav lpft Rerlln to gov day His departure was accompanied by no untoward inciaeni. ne is piu ceedlng to the Dutch frontier. Oak Street To Benson Grill THOSE preferring lo enter the prill directly from tho street, without passing through the lobby will appreciate the convenience of the Oak-street entrance. Our French chef has a new specialty every day. Concert by our celebrated symphony orchestra, Geo. Jeffries, conductor. Hotel Benson Carl Sfnnley, Mprr. Have Your Kodak Films Developed by Men Who Know How OUR developing and printing are done on the premises by men who arc experts in the art of bringing out the best there is in amateur expos ures. We employ no boys, Japs or amateurs, and our men take the same pride in the quality of their work that you would yourself. Headquarters for Everything Needed by the Amateur Kodaker. You ar.e Welcome to Inspect. The Agents, Columbian 145 Sixth St. i TRUST IS FOUND Food Price Inquiry Discloses No Unwarranted Rises. SUPPLY IS NOT ABNORMAL United States Assistant District At torney bays Warehouses Xot Be ing Stored With Goods to Force Up Prices. NEW YORK, Aug. 24. The Federsl inquiry Into the higher cost ot food sinco the war began in Kurope has not developed that the increases were un warranted, according to Roger B. Wood United States Assistant District Attorney In charge of the Investiga tion. "No evidence of conspiracies to force up the price of food has been disclosed which would warrant criminal action being Instituted by the Government." Mr. Wood said today. "Generally speaking, there has been no unusual rise In the price of foodstuffs. There have been increases In a few commodi ties, but some of these have become dearer because of natural causes. "I will admit that tho timeliness of our inquiry might have urrested a gen eral upward movement of prices due to the greed of retailers and wholesalers." Mr, Wood added that he had found no abnormal supply of foodstuffs li storage warehouses which would Indi cate that dealers were storing goods to force up prices. Prudential Officer Killed. NEWARK, N. J., Aug. 24. George H. r:,..i-,.t,if.if ?c vpin old. assistant actuary of the Prudential Insurance Company of America, was killed today, when ho either ten or jumpeu num the roof of the apartment-house where . , i i 1. .... M.mhnr. nf thp ffl.mtlv ne nveu ....... w -- - say that the fall wag accidental, bv(t, NONE It Is a serious claim to indulge la f Onemust be positively certain of tion. When we say that the Busn iane can be made we ao bo wmi mo luu part of a BUSH & LANE PIANO is as good as It Is possible to make It. ,k ' ... . Portland Branch Entrance the Eastman Kodaks Optical Co. Bet. Alder and Morrison according to police records. It waa a case of suicide. Mr. Klrkpatrlok had been In Ill-health. FRENCH HELD DEFEATED German Crown Prince's Ann Vic torious, Shjm Mciikc. WASHINGTON. Aug. 24. The Ger man Embassy today received the fol lowing message from the Foreign Of fice In Berlin: "The army of the German Crown Prince has won a decisive Vtotor) northwest of Piedenhosen over five French army corn. The relr.at "f tho southern French wing on Verdun has been cut off. "The French troops were r. nulMd across the River Meuse In complet" rout. The Crown Trlnee's army, giving chase, took many prisoners, and. It Is asserted, the French troops are no longer able to fare the terrific Mr of the German Infantry." Manning's 35c Coffee Manning's Coffee Store Jones' Market Fourth and Alder BETTER. the cord Best in promotion of any line the promise to safely take such a posi . . , ,. , piano is " mienuwn w. . We stand ready to prove It to you. 433 - 435 Washington Street corner twelfth.