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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 13, 1914)
10 THE MOKNING OltEGONIAN. SATUTITAY, JTTJTE 13, 1914. ( - V V V v -r w PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Fostofflcs a fiecond-clama matter. a Eubscrlptlosi Rates Invariably In Advance: (BT MAIL) . Dally, Sunday included. oie rear .48.00 Dally, Sunday inoluded, six monthl ..... e.26 Dally, Sunday Included, three months . Daily. Sunday Included, one month ..... Dally, without Sunday, one year ....... J.uu Dajly, without Sunday, alx moatbi Dally, without Sunday, three months .... DTS Dally, without Sunday, one month Weekly, one year ..... ll Sunday, one year Z.5U Sunday and Weekly, on year 9.M (BT CARRIER) Dally. Sunday Included, one year .....49.00 Daily. Sunday included, one mootb ..... .70 iiow to Remits tiead postofXioe money or der, expreas order or personal checlc on your local bank. Stampa. coin or currency are at Bender's risk. Give postoffice wddresa in full, Including county and state. Postage Kates 12 to lu pages, 1 cent; 18 to 2 pases, 2 cents; 84 to 48 pages, 8 cents; B0 to uu paces, 4 cents; 92 to 70 paces. 9 cents; 78 to D2 cages. cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Eastern Bueinees Offices Verree A Conk II n. New York. Brunswick building. Chi cago, Steger building. baa Francisco Office R. J. BldweU Ch, Ta Market street. rOBTXAND, SATURDAY, JTJJS'E 13, 1911. DEABXT-BOCOHT VICTORY. The reasons ' given by President Wilson for repeal of coastwise ex emption from, tolls have been com pletely refuted by members of his own party. The contention that ex emption is a violation of our treaty obligations is answered by no less an authority than Richard O'lney, for mer Democratic yAttorney-General and Secretary of State, in an article published by the American Society of International Law. It is republished today in another column. The plea that we should yield this point, be cause, rightly or wrongly, .the opinion of the world is against us, is un worthy of a self-respecting, independ ent Nation which, knowing its rights, dare maintain them against a world In arms. The argument that exemption from tolls is a subsidy to a coastwise ship ping trust has been refuted by Demo crats whose fidelity to their country and to their party's platform rises above their fidelity to their leader. It is proved" to be an afterthought by the President's own campaign speeches delivered in " 1912 and by Secretary Bryan's part in molding the canal tolls plank of the Baltimore platform. It is proved to be a sub terfHge by the fact that the party .which has carried the repeal bill vot ed for sections in the canal act of 1912 excluding entirely from the ca nal ships owned by trusts or rail roads. No trust could have profited by toll exemption except by derelic tion of duty on the part of the Ad ministration which has repealed ex emption. The only interests which will profit by the repeal bill are the railroads, to compete with which the canal was built, and British ship owners, who have exultantly pro claimed that the canal was built for their use. To these Interests, which the Dem ocracy has fought when in opposition, it truckles when in office. For proof of these statements we need refer, not to Republicans, but to that stal wart band of Democrats which has placed the Nation's interests and fi delity to party pledges above fealty to a party leader. This is no party question; it rises far above party. It is a question in volving the Nation's right to control its own territory and its own prop erty, independent of the dictation of any foreign nation. Both the leading parties were divided on the issue, and the lines of division are most signifi cant. Those Republicans who voted against exemption are a remnant of the old standpatters whose leader ship is being rejected by a rejuvenat ed and popularized party and who have consistently stood for private as against public interest, reinforced by a few men from interior states whose vision is so narrow that they cannot set National above supposed local in terest and that they cannot see the interest of their own section in re duced cost of transportation from coast to coast. These men are joined to those Democrats who blindly fol low their leader no matter where he may lead. Against them are arrayed those Republicans who draw their in spiration direct from the people and whose rising power presages their future dominance in party councils; also those Democrats who stand stur dily for National rights, who are true to their platform and who yield their judgment to no man, however great may be his temporary power. This controversy Is of vital impor tance to the Nation's commerce. Our ships, already overburdened by obso lete laws, cannot compete in trans Isthmian commerce with those at the eerVlce of our Canadian neighbors. The tolls are to be levied on the ca pacity, not the cargo, of a ship, and V.he rate per ton of cargo may easily prove to be double the rate per regis tered ton. "With the early prospect that recent invention " will " enable ships to carry freight between our two coasts at (2 a ton, it may prove that the canal tolls will exceed the freight. Under such a handicap American coastwise commerce may languish, while that of Canada swells to great volume. As goes commerce, bo will go industry. The lumber, wool, fish, grain, fruit and other in dustries of the Paclfio states may take second place to the correspond ing industries of British Columbia or may have to seek an outlet through the ports of that province. But the vote of the Senate and the ready acceptance of its amendments by the House are not the end of the controversy; they are only the begin ning. By expressly denying that the repeal of exemption waives any treaty rights the bill clears the way for re opening of the controversy. Having been fought out in this Congress, it will now be fought out before the people in the coming Congressional campaign and in the Presidential campaign of 1916. Passage of this bill, combined with the Mexican mud dle and the Colombian treaty, re duces almost to a certainty the ac cession of a Republican Administra tion In the latter year. After that event the negotiations may be re newed where they were dropped by Secretary Knox on his- leaving office. Then the dispute may be settled, as it should be, either by direct negotia tion with Great Britain or by arbi tration. Of one thing the people may be certain no Republican is likely to be elected President who is capa ble of surrendering- the Nation's right to control Its canal. The movies can be made to serve the virtues as easily as the vices. It is no more expensive or troublesome to throw an uplifting picture on the ecreen than one which corrupts. "With these trite precepts in mind the American Bankers' Association has prepared a film called "The Reward of Thrift," which, teaches people to save their pennies. We hope the play is a good one. If it is dull the excel lence of its purpose will not save it, A moral picture which nobody wants to see Vill hardly save the world from poverty. BEADY FOB SOMETHING JTEW. Judge Lowell has started something by his recent suggestion that the di rect primary be abolished and that a single election under the preferential system be substituted. The Orego- nian is surprised at the response that has come from the newspapers of the state, which, it may be supposed, re flect .local opinion. "We agree with the Judge thor oughly," says the La Grande Oh server (Progressive), "for to our mind primaries are an entire waste of men and money." The Observer is getting pretty far away from Pro gressive party profession and prac tice when it attacks the direct pri mary. We have no purpose, how ever, to upbraid; only to express our wonder. "The direct primary," says the Pendleton Tribune (Republican), "serves no real purpose except pos sibly as a sort of elimination and en durance contest in the political prize ring." "There is a growing dissatisfaction with the working of the direct pri mary, particularly the financial side of it," declares the McMlnnville Telephone-Register (Independent). "It is a very pertinent question why it should be necessary to hold two elections." "The primary has never been a satisfactory system," says the Cottage Grove Sentinel A. Republican). "The Lowell suggestion is- in line with what the Sentinel has said before." "The primary election has cost the state $200,000, and what is the re sult?" asks the Condon Times (Re publican). "Why not have one elec tion?" "The recent primary Is an expen sive bantling," says the Capital Jour nal (Ind. Dem.). "If it is an im provement on the old, convention methods, no pne has yet discovered wherein it is so." The convention has gone; the di rect primary is, apparently, to go. What next? IXCAFABI.B OF LIBERTY. The history of Santo Domingo, as reviewed by T. Lothrop Stoddard in the Review of Reviews, illustrates the hopelessness of the experiment of leaving a backward race to work out its own salvation in the expectation that liberty and progress will result. That farcical republic has been inde pendent for over a century, except for the period during which it was ruled by Haytl and for the brief period of re-annexation to Spain, but it has made no advance in liberty. On the contrary, it has steadily degenerated through a series of revolutions and under a succession of despots, and the only period of peace, security and progress it has enjoyed was the nine years of American financial control. Inability to obtain the sinews of war from the custom-houses prevented revolution, and not until the present administration relaxed its grip was anarchy renewed. "The bulk of -the Dominican popu lation are mulattoes, and the Spanish mulatto has proven in the main a weak and degenerate stock," says Mr. Stoddard. His conclusion is that "Santo Domingo's only hope seems to lie in prolonged tutelage to some for eign power." This opinion does not coincide with President Wilson's opin ion ,that Mexioo should evolve liberty from within, nor is Mexico's case very dissimilar from that of Santo Do mingo. As to the latter country. Colonel Roosevelt seems to have hit upon the happy means of escape from the alternative between foreign occu pation, which we would not permit, and American annexation, which we have once rejected and should prob ably again reject. His plan was - to enforce peace and solvency by taking control of the revenue. Possibly under such control even the Spanish mulattoes might evolve a tolerable government. WHAT WILL THE OOIX"EX. DOT Against his will, Colonel Roosevelt is to be drafted into the service of the Progressive party as its candidate for Governor of New York. The party advisory committee of the state has sent to every county chairman blank petitions designating the Colonel for a place on the primary ticket. Its members reject the suggestion ema nating from Oyster Bay that the Pro gressives indorse an anti-Barnes Re publican ticket. They declare Impos sible the candidacy of Charles S. Whitman on both tickets and say that there is a strong and insistent de mand that the Colonel "shall head a movement which shall expressly ap peal to the independent voters of all parties for the overthrow of the cor rupt bipartisan control of the state government." They admit his aver sion to becoming a candidate, but they say "the demand for him to lead in a clean-up is growing in volume, and it was thought that this demand would exercise a strong appeal to his high sense of duty." The New York World, however, does not believe the Colonel will run. It points to the falling off in the Pro gressive vote of the state from 390, 021 in 1912 to 195,097 in 1913 and to the increase in the Republican vote from 455,428 in the former to 697,357 in the latter year and to the enroll ment of 626,000 Republicans and only 111,000 ' Progressives this year, as proof that he would have no chance of election. The World thus sums up the case: And overwhelmingly defeated for Gover nor of New York, That possible chance would he have as a candidate for President in 1918? The Colonel Ts hardly the man to Jump off the dock merely because some of his en thusiastic followers believe that he could walk on the water. The Times ascribes the drafting scheme to "a desire not to see the Progressive party reduced to compet ing with the Socialists for the booby prize," and says the Colonel "is per fectly well aware that a defeat for Governor, following on his defeat for President, would mean not merely a loss of prestige but an actual loss of votes in the campaign of 1916." It also says the Colonel's presence is badly needed to stiffen up the Pro gressive ranks in other states and that, if he confines himself to New York, "he will be abandoning the party in the Nation in this its dire need." Yet, "if he consents to run, but still goes West and campaigns for those who want him, who must have him, he will be Incurring almost cer tain defeat In his own state, a defeat which will react most dangerously not only on his personal fortunes, but on the future of his party." The Times concludes: But if they break away from him and force bla nomination against his willt he will have to yield. He cannot write a declination in which he can give his real reasons for declining, and to give any other would seem like running away and would dishearten his followers. Evidently it be hooves him, Jf be can. to stop this move ment at the beginning. If it geta too far along ha will be nominated and the future of hla party in the Nation, already dark, will be yet more cloudy with disaster. The Colonel's own admirers threat en to put him between the horns of a dilemma. He can foil them only by Insisting at the outset that the nomination 'petitions be with drawn. Such course would chill the enthusiasm of his . lieutenants, but would avoid the disastrous effects of personal defeat and would keep him self free to aid his party in other states and to make the combination with anti-Barnes Republicans for which he has declared. As a political weather forecaster he Is -far wiser than hla party, but the radicals refuse to accept his guidance when they fear it will lead to party extinction, and consequently to their own extinction as political leaders. A question equal in Interest to "What will happen to the Democrats next Fall?" Is "What will the Colonel do?" ,. FREE WOOD AND WOOD PRICES. While Democratic Senators from wool-growing states, anxious to ex cuse their votes for free wool, have been pointing with pride to high prices, reports of imports and of the world supply have been sweep ing away their arguments. The ad vance in price of raw wool is due to a short clip the world over, the short age in the United States alone being about 30.000,000 pounds. The total world shortage Is estimated at 240,- 000,000, but in spite of this fact im ports to this country have enormously increased. The report of the Bureau of For eign and Domestic Commerce shows Increases in March, as compared with March, 1913, in imports of class 1 wool of 95.9 per cent; class 2 wool, 60.7 per cent; class 3 wool, 72.6 per cent; woolen cloths, 324 , per cent; dress goods, 227 per cent; wearing apparel, 3.2 per cent; all other manu factures of wool, 707 per cent. These figures were quoted in the Senate by Senator Smoot as showing the disastrous effect of the Under wood tariff on American" Industry. Senator Chamberlain attempted to answer him a few days later by quot ing from The Oregonian statements that growers have secured this season the highest prices for seventeen years and. by quoting from what he called "a leading Democratic paper in the heart of the woolgrowing section of Eastern Oregon," reports of sales at a considerable advance over the prices of last year and the year preceding. Mr. Smoot promptly exposed the fallacy of Mr. Chamberlain's argu ment by stating that "the world price of wool Joday is about three times what it was in 1894" because of "a shortage of about 240,000,000 pounds in the world's production." He added: I simply make this statement to have It understood that if the conditions were' the same In the world's wool market today that they were In 1894 there would be no such articles presented to the Senate. If there was a duty on wool, the woolgrower would do getting Higher prices than he la getting today. American growers know that the higher price obtained for their crop is abnormal and are getting out of the business by selling their flocks. The woolgrowers of Oregon are not de ceived by Mr. Chamberlain's shallow arguments. They know that a nor mal world's clip will flood the Amer ican market with cheap foreign wool, and they are getting from under. FLAG DAY. The Stars and Stripes upon the American' flag have an interesting history. To find their origin we must go back to the time of the Stuart Kings of Great Britain. Before the time of James I, who was of Scot tish birth, England had flown the blood-red cross of St. George at the mastheads of her ships, while the Scots used the white cross of St. An drew on a blue field. St. George's cross was depicted on a white field. King James combined these two em blems into a more truly national flag by uniting the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew, the new figure being still carried on a blue field in com pliment to his native land. The New England Puritans scarcely relished marching under a flag bearing the figure of the cross, which to' them signified spiritual tyranny. They therefore early began to devise em blems of their own. Maine, for ex ample, supplanted the Union Jack, as the King James' flag was popularly called, with a green pine tree, leaving the blue field unchanged. The Southern colonies also began at an early date to adopt flags of their own, though not for the relig ious reasons that Inspired the New En glanders. It was the separatist spirit that moved them, a spirit that has not died out in the South to this day. South Carolina is known to have been using the "rattlesnake flag" in 1764. This" extraordinary emblem consisted of a rattlesnake on a white or yellow field with the legend "Don't tread on me." Benjamin Franklin approved of this grotesque and omi nous design because, as he said, the rattlesnake was a genuinely Ameri can reptile. His reason is not so con vincing as some that he gave regard ing other matters in Poor Richard's Almanac. The British flag, carrying always the Union Jack as part of it, was displayed in various forms. The one most familiar to the American colonists was the "red ensign" which had the Union Jack in the upper left hand corner of a red field. This em blem no doubt gave the colonists the effective suggestion for the stars and stripes. Washington unfurled over his headquarters at Cambridge on January 1, 1776, a banner which was obviously derived from the red en sign. The red field was divided into thirteen stripes, alternately red and white, while the Union Jack remained unaltered in the upper left-hand cor ner. Occasionally the.colonlsts formed a banner for themselves from the British Blue Ensign which carries the Union Jack in the same position but on a blue field. On this flag the colonies were represented by thirteen alternately white and blue stripes. But, as all know, red was adopted officially. The next step was to get rid of the Union Jack and replace it with some more truly American symbol. The blue field from which it was banished was finally filled with stars, in num ber thirteen, and arranged in a cir cle. Thus each colony on the original flag had one stripe and one star. When Vermont and Kentucky were admitted to the Union in 1791 and 1792 respectively it was conceded that they should have their symbolic place on the national flag. For this reason two new stripes and stars were im planted and thus the flag remained until the close of the war of'l812. As new states were admitted in increas ing numbers it became apparent that a new star and stripe for -every one would soon produce a startling effect. Congress evaded the difficulty in 1816 by returning to the primitive form of one star for each state with the fixed number of thirteen stripes. This rule prevails today. The arrangement of the stars has never been officially de elded upon. It is left more or less to the fancy of particular departments. while so far as size and shape- are concerned, the flag is subject to in finite modifications. Nobody seems to care much what the shape Is if only the stars and stripes are In their proper places upon the field. ' Tradition asserts that we owe the five-pointed star to Betsy Ross. Washington had the six-pointed star in mind when he was discussing the subject with her one day, but, as the story runs, she showed him by deftly folding a piece of paper how much easier it was to make five points and the Commander-in-Chief followed her advice. The poets have imagined a more romantic origin than we have described for the colors on the flag. One of them sings that its stars "have lit the welkin dome." He means that they shone in the sky for an eternity before the colonists put them upon their flag.- "And all thy hues," con. tinues the poet, "were born in heav en." The red glows in the sky at sunrise, the white is the pure radl ance ,f the stars and the blue Is the color of the ether itself. Whether the emblems and colors of the flag came from above or not, there is no question but that Its meaning did. To the colonists, as to us, the flag stood first and pre-eminently for freedom. man's best gift from Heaven. It was freedom that, in the poet's splendid phrase, "unfurled the standard to the air." It was freedom that "tore the azure robe of night and set the stars of glory there. . She mingled with its gorgeous dyes the milky baldric of the skies and striped its pure celestial white with streaklngs of the morning light." To their imaginations Old Glory was "the flag of the free heart's hope and home." Freedom was the great word on the lips of the Revolutionary armies. The flag that waved -above them upon their tragic battlefields symbolized a new nation and a new hope. In the land they dreamed of every human being should be free to make the most of himself. There should be no oppressor to keep him down, no ty rant to blight his faculties. This was their sublime. Ideal and it is still the ideal of the American people. Today, as in the dark years of the Revolu tion, Old Glory is glorious because it symbolizes the unconquerable deter mination of Americans to be free. The Pullman Company has sent quite a little army of expensive law yers to California to convince the State Railroad Commission that its porters receive high wages and do not need tips. High wages for a porter mean 3 32 a month. Travelers who have witnessed the hungry aspect of these servitors need no lawyers to tell them whether tips are required or not to eke out their miserable pay. Sup pose the Pullman Company were to dismiss half a dozen lawyers and di vide up their salaries among the por ters. Would it not be better off in the long run? Insurance is a small percentage of Bandon's loss, but the balance is overcome by the optimism of its peo ple, who have made it a bustling city heretofore and will do it again. Read the paper in bed this morning and-do not try to arise. Telephone the "boss" you have an "tlcute attack of "awnwee." Having the same, he'll appreciate it. The American " husband was de clared a great blessing at a female convention in Chicago. Glad they rec ognize a good thing when they see It. Spectators of Wednesday's floral parade are . still complimenting the Fire Department on the grand display the boys made of the machines. ' The crowded streets this week gave an Idea of what Portland will appear a few years later when she has a million people. It might be rather -expensive for either Judge McNary or Judge Ben son to celebrate each victory as an nounced. Portland neoDle are not quitters. They stayed through the rain until the last piece passed their view. All that now remains is for Presi dent Wilson to sign the transfer of our canal to Great Britain. Everywhere Dr. Withycombe goes the people give a glad welcome to the next Governor of Oregon. And you'd never miss the roses from the Portland gardens. The sup ply is inexhaustible. Didn't think there -were so many good-natured and enthusiastic people in the world. Portland needs much patriotism to celebrate the Fourth after this week's festivities. Taken all in all, the weather could hardly have been improved upon. A score of 16 to 2 is doubly worse than "16 to 1" ever dared to be. By the way, what has become of Private Parks at Vera Cruz? Well, wonder who'll be nominated today McNary or Benson? Mediation is getting to be an off-agaln-on-again sort of affair. Portland owes a debt to Salem and Eugene and will pay. The weather man is sorry, for it could not be helped. Kermit has finished the Job of get ting married. There were enough troops in line to oust Huerta. Now for the Fourth. Then vaca tion. Hard luck to have to work today. The canal Is earning money already. Sunday for a much-needed rest. It was a great week. Back to the grind. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of June 18, 1864. . A friend at Eugene writes that the reception of the news of the renomi natlon of Abraham Lincoln and the nomination of Andrew Johnson was the -signal for a general outburst of enthusiasm. One hundred guns awoke the echoes. The Oregon Educational Association and State Teachers' Institute will meet in Albany August 2. The - citizens of Yamhill County are making extensive preparations for a grand union celebration of the Fourth of July at Lafayette. Governor Glbbs is to deliver the oration. A brass band and a number of military companies will be present. The day will be cele brated at Salem, Harrlsburg and Eugene. Citizens about Belpassi and Waconda held a ratification meeting at the Belpassi Academy on June 10. L. H Poujade was chairman. Professor E. P. Henderson secretary, and F. O. Mc Cown, H. P. Jackson and C. Calvert drafted resolutions. Cairo, June 11. The Ohio River boats report that the guerillas are en forcing? a merciless conscription In Kentucky above Smlthland, sweeping the country of all the men under oO, especially those of Union sentiments. Everett loft Maysvllle on' Wednesday for Mount Sterling, at which place. It is thought, Morgan's men were con. centrating with the intention of at tacking Lexington. Washington. June 11. The Richmond Examiner says Hunter oocupled Stan ton, driving the rebels about 12 miles. A deserter says Hunter took 20 can non many prisoners and a quantity of stores. " New York, June 10. Our lines in Virginia have been somewhat ad vanced and placed in strong condition for defense. New York, June 10. The most of the leading journals in this city devote several columns to exceedingly Inter esting official communications from Secretary Seward to the Senate rela tive to the great advantage to be de rived from the projected international telegraph to unite Europe and Amer ica via. Bering's Straits. The June term of the Circuit Court, Judge Shattuck presiding, will com mence today. A 10-stamp mill with a steam engine, boiler, tools and all appliances ' ar rived on the Pacific and was trans ferred to the steamer Wilson G. Hunt on Saturday for the South Boise mines. This mill was manufactured in San Francisco and is the third one now on the way to the upper country. Colonel H. li. Raymond has It in charge. . The steamer Pacific, which left this port for Victoria and San Francisco this morning, carried $203,791 in treas ure, besides that carried by a large number of passengers. One party is known to have had about $25,000. Other lots do not appear on the manifest. At the target shooting by Company A on Saturday some 60 shots were fired. The distance was 100 yards. G. B. Gray carried off the palm and George A. Buchanan was second. Cap tain. Powell, on behalf of his company, tenders thanks to Captain Kerns, of the steamer Loyal Ellsworth, for trans portation of troops and munitions. The bark Sam Merritt, Joseph Wil liams commander, arrived yesterday from San Francisco. A splendid property will be sold by Mr. Richardson on Wednesday. lt is situated on the northwest corner of North Fourth and C streets, compris ing three lots, and is an admirable lo cation for a business man's residence. OLXEV DEFINES TREATY RIGHTS Ex-Secretary of State Says We May Exempt Oar ships From Tolls. The following statement by ex-Secretary of State Richard Olney, . of the American contention, as against the Wilson contention, as to the treaty right of the United States to exempt American ships from Panama- Canal tolls, is republished from the new vol ume of the American Society of Inter national Law: "1. The United States, as builder and owner of an artificial waterway within its own territory, is entitled to dictate the conditions of its use unless. and only so far, as it has contracted that right away. "2. It has made no such contract except with Great Britain and by the Hay-Pauncefote treaty and by the clauses of that treaty, which stipulate for the use of the canal by 'all nations' on equal terms and for reasonable and equitable tolls. "3. As the term 'all nations' com prehends not only states, but their na tionals, the crucial question is, are the words 'all nations' Inclusive or exclu sive of the United States and its na tionals? "4. The principle is well settled that a state conveys away Its rights of sov ereignty or property only by terms which are clear and express and are not susceptible of any other reason able construction. If the terms are vague and of doubtful Import the pre sumption is against the states inten tion to part with or abridge its juris dictional or property rights. 5. Hence, as the term 'all natlonB, as used in the treaty, may be taken to mean either all without exception or all except the United States, the latter meaning Is to be accepted as the true one, because the least restrictive of the normal rights and powers of. the United States. "6. But It is unnecessary to rely upon presumption. The treaty as sumes the United States to be the owner of a canal to be built by it on Its own territory, and must be taken to have had as its natural and legiti mate aim the fixing of the terms upon which other nations might use it. Ex cept as necessarily abridged by such terms, nothing in the treaty Indicates any purpose to further abridge the rights of the United States as canal builder and owner. "7. IS short, the treaty is an Instru ment by which the proprietor of a canal fixes and states the terms of use to its customers. There is an utter absence of evidence that the United States re garded itself as one of Its customers. 8. The neutralization proposed by the Clayton-Bulwer treaty resembles that proposed by the Hay-Pauncefote treaty only In the idea that the operat ing charges and rules for use of the canal shall be the same for all nations. It differs, of course, in the vital fea ture of conditioning such equality 'of terms upon protection being afforded to the canal. "9. When five out of six 'of the treaty rules for the use of the canal do not apply to the United States It is a reasonable conclusion that the sixth also was not meant so to apply." y. Amundsen Studies Aviation. Berlin Cor. Chicago Record Herald. Captain ROald Amundsen has just been visiting Johannisthal aerodrome, near Berlin, and studying the merits of the German aeroplane with a view of buying one or more for his North Pole expedition which he now plans to make in 1915. The explorer was accompanied by a Norwegian expert aviator. Cap tain Jacobsen, under whom Amundsen himself is learning to handle a flying machine Doctor Filchner, who will join Amundsen next year, is also In training as an aviator at Johannisthal. Stars and Starmakers BY LEONE CASS BAER. CathHne Countlss hurried to Denver to spend her .vacation and drive all over the mountains and rills and oxone and other things Denver features in Its advertising. Miss Countlss has a great big new motor and a family, mother, sister and friend-husband, E. D. Price, in Denver and she was mighty tired after- her strenuous and lengthy season on the Orpheum cir cuit. Besides, Mr. Price has been 111 and had to spend a few sweet restful weeks In a San Francisco hospital jUBt following the close by the actor and company he travels ahead ofs Robert Hllliard in "The Argyle Case Well, .Miss Countlss rushed Into Denver so tired she couldn't think of anything but tbex. long vacation of six weeks ahead of her, and she stepped right off the train Into the arms of work. Being a good girl Miss Countlss went to church the Sunday following the Saturday of her arrival. And Just as she reached home she was appealed to by Manager O. D. Woodward, of the new Denham Stock Company. His leading- woman. Eva Lang, had broken down at a final morning rehearsal of "His House in Order," and was even then on her way to a hospital to be operated on for' appendicitis. Miss Countlss has had her own com panies and knows how many interests suffer when a theater is closed. So she undertook to keep the Denham open. Eight hours later she was playing Nina, the lead, one of the longest and trickiest parts in modern drama. Her reception throughout the evening was terrific, for the audience realised the big thing she was ac complishing. Here Is what the Denver Post said about It: Cathrine Countlss accomplished the seem ingly impossible last nlgbt at the Dekum Theater. Miss Lang was taken ill suddenly and Miss Countlss. who fortunately is spend ing her vacation In Denver, was aaked to assume the long and difficult role of Nina in "His House in Order." In the astonish ingly short time of a few hours she mastered the part so that by referring to the manu script of the play she carried the tour acts In a way that was not only surprising but a very artistic piece of acting. It was really a marvelous performance that Miss Countlss gave and demonstrated the thoroughness of her ability. Miss Coun tlss la already well known to Denver audi ences. And all the other papers ran big pictures of Miss Countlss and splashed yards of nice comments about how well she played at such short notice. e The title of the new Richard Harding Davis-Jules Eckert Goodman play which Arthur Hammersteln will pro duce is "The Trap." This Is Mr. Ham mersteln' s first venture in the dramatics field. , Tully Marshall has been engaged for an important role. see Howard Russell is vacationing for the first time in almost three years. Two years ago last November he joined the Laurence Stock Company in Vancouver, B. C, and has stuck with theatrical zeal to his post as . prime comedian. But this Summer the Rus sells decided they'd like a peep at their Tualatin Valley ranch and a bit of I-like-the-cows-and-chlckens life. so they journeyed in that direction, smelled the new-mown hay and ac quired a lot of bucolic atmosphere, and now they've gone to Calgary, Canada, for a visit with Mrs. Russell's folks before the season resumes, on "June 29. Nance O'Neill is playing a Summer stock engagement with the Laurence Company in Vancouver. 'Maude Leone is in Seattle stock. see Helen Lackaye is playing the lead role in "Seven Keys to Baldpate." now at the Gaiety Theater in New York. e Kitty Gordon will take to the two a-day soon In a sketch written for her by Jack Lait. It Is said she will be gin her tour In Milwankee, and later go to Chicago. There Is a rumor she will get $2500 a week for her serv ices. You can always divide such rumors by two and subtract one-half and then It's exaggerated. . It is Indeed pleasant In these days of theatrical depression to learn that the drama is likely to sustain a boom next season. The promise of uplift is to be found in the announcement that Ethel Lorraine will return to the stage at that time. The news comes In the following paragraph from a press agent: Thursday morning at 11 o'clock the entire household effects of Mrs. Raymond Bel mont, who was formerly Ethel Lorraine, an actress, will be sold at public auction by Darling A Co. It la reported Mrs. Belmont will return to the stage next sesaon. Of course they proved at the trial that Mrs. Lorralne-Belmont never bad been on the stage, but It Is a cinch she'll go on now. see Next week Wilton Lackaye will de vote himself to vaudeville, having sold his art to the management of the Pal ace Theater for that -period. He will appear with a company of four in a playlet by Hall McAllister entitled "Quits." e e e Thais Magrane is playing leads at Elitche's Gardens, where Mary Edgett Baker is playing. Miss Magrane's last notable- appearance was in the leading role of "Everywoman." She has had considerable stock experience, and her vacations are usually brief in conse quence of the great demand made upon her capabilities as leading woman. Robert Hllliard and his bride have sailed for a honeymoon In Europe. Portland's Hospitality Praised. PORTLAND. June 12. (To the Ed itor.) Your editorial In The Oregonian praising the people of Portland for their efforts to entertain the out-of-town visitors is a fine acknowledgment of the hard work done by your people. As a visitor to your city I want to add this from one who has traveled all over the United States. Portland beats them all. Where can you go where the mothers, wives, sis ters and sweethearts will meet stran gers at your gates with that smile that won't come off. and pinning flow ers on each and every one, making everyone feel at home and be glad to come again? The happy spirit is certainly abroad in your city and no matter which way a stranger turns he is greeted with a smile. With such men and women as Portland Is made up of you deserve to win everything that is good. Every where that Portland smile is seen and is worth mlUlona to your people. A. A .HERRING. Walla Walla, Wash, x Twenty-Five Years Ago From The Oregonian of June 11. 1889. Seattle, June 12. The CLty Council today adopted an extensive plan of street improvements. Walla Walla, June 12. Tuesday af ternoon Rev. Eagan solemnised the marriage of James M. Fuller and Miss Lillian Kohn. of Portland. It i a runaway , match. Albany, June 12. A force of 50 Chi namen was sent to the front on the Oregon-Pacific today to surface and improve the east end of the track for construction trains preparatory to the resumption of work. Albany, June U. The graduating ex ercises of Albany College occurred to day. Misses Flora Mason, Helen Craw ford and Ina Robertson receiving diplomas. Olympia, June 13 The Masonic grand lodge today selected Ellensburg as the next place of meeting. The fol lowing grand officers were elected: W. A. Fair weather. Q. M; J. E. Edmlston. D. Q. M. ; Thomas Amos, a W.; A. A. Plummer, J. W.: Benjamin Hurried, treasurer; T. M. Reed, secretary. Victoria, B. C, June 18. John Stuart McDonald, of Portland. Peruvian con sul for Oregon, who died here at the hospital, was burled this morning. New York. June 12. Anthony Com stock made a successful raid this morn ing. He arrested Olln D. Chase, man ager of the East Lithographing & En graving Company, and seised 1.000,000 lottery tickets, 15 llthographlo stones, etc. New York. June 12. The Democratic National committee today elected Cal vin S. Brice, of Ohio, chairman. The Oregon State Medical Society yesterday met in the Ablngton build ing and heard papers by Dr. J. W. Mc Daniel, Dr. F. A. Cauthorn, Dr. A. W. Moore, of East Portland, and Dr. J. F. Bell, Dr. a E. Josephi. Dr. 8. E. Watt, of Pullman. W. T.; Dr. J. A. Fulton, of Astoria and Dr. F. B. Eaton. In the evening the members were tendered a banquet at Freemann's by the physi cians of Portland and East Portland. A meeting of the stockholders of the new hotel was held last evening at Masonic Halt. Hon. H. W. Corbett. president of the board of directors, in the chair. Secretary Theodore Wygant reported that $300,000 had been as sessed on the stock, of which $292,250 has been paid In. The estimated prob able cost of the hotel and ground Is $555,000. It was resolved to borrow $200,000 on mortgage. Mr. Corbett said the cost of furniture had been esti mated at $150,000, but he thought it could be done for $125,000. The fol lowing directors were elected: H. W. Corbett, H. Falling, E. G. Hughes, W. M. Ladd, C. A. Dolph, H. W. Scott. V. B. DeLashmutt, L. Therkelsen. R. Gli san, S. B. Willey. W. K. Smith. The death ofCounty Clerk E. C. Wheeler creates a vacancy and it de volves on the County Commissioners to elect a successor. The only one men tioned for the place is T. Cader Pow ell, the present Deputy County Clerk. E. McLaughlin has returned from a trip to Klamath. Merrick was convicted. Black ac quitted of the attempt to wreck a train on the Oregon Short Line P. A. Marquam yesterday took out a permit for the erection of an opera house and office building, to cost $225. 000. ' Mr. F. J. Alexander Mayer, assistant secretary of the Oregon Fire & Ma rine Insurance Company, and Miss Mary C. Wolfe, youngest daughter of the late Captain John Wolfe, were mar ried yesterday at the bride's residence by Rev. Father O'Dea. Features for Tomorrow. The Festival in Pictures Several Pages of Striking Photo graphs Show the Big Events of the Past Week in Portland. Oregonian staff photographers were on the job early and late and the pictures secured by them af ford a comprehensive review of the 1914 Festival. Taming the Lumber Jack. This picturesque worker in the Northwest woods is addicted no longer to poker and booze. He has been effectively reformed and just how this huge task was accom plished by the Y. M. C. A. is" told in an illustrated, full-page article in colors. Saving Millions. Not millions of dollars, but mil lions of lives. A record of a corps of distinguished medical men in the United States and their great achievements. Harrison Fisher's Art. In the sixth drawing of his se ries, "The Great Moments in a Girl's Life," the famous illustrator depicts "Their New Love," or the arrival of an heir for the newly weds. 4 An Electrical SchooL A novel experiment in education has been made in a small Idaho town and the success of the new school is shown in an illustrated special article. Mexican Bandits. Another letter from a corre spondent of The Oregonian, who is among the rebels of Northern Mex ico. A number of unusual photo graphs accompany this report. Tact in Dress. A "leading woman" in stock tells how tact and taste and ingenuity save her hundreds of dollars, as she must make over her gowns and appear in rich creations which her pocketbook cannotmeet. Hideous Styles. That is what the Paris arbiters put out this year. Sterling Heilig writes interestingly from Paris of how the fashion dictators fell down this year. Word Pish. A number of them spell their own names for the children. There is a whole page of other features for the little ones. Shadowgraphs. They reveal the nature of their owners in a striking fashion. Many Pages of Other Features. Order today of your newsdealer.