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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1914)
ttjv. rOT?XTXO OREGONTAN, TUESDAY, APRII, 21, 1914. WILSON'S APPEAL TIGHTENS TENSION National Capital Feels "War Spirit" and Army and Navy Are Busy. PRECEDENT IS CALLED UP Incident in 185 4 in Nicaragua Un der President Pierce to Be Basis for Present Action Bureau Clerks Work 24 Hours. (Continued From First Pa In the Senate committee on foreign re lations showed that the prospect of passing immediately the joint resolu tion approving the President's course was by no means as bright as it had seemed, and debate was expected to run far Into the night. President "Wilson had pointed out that under precedent he did not need the authority of Congress to act. but merely sought their counsel, advice and approval "in a matter possibly of so grave consequence." Orders Go to Army amd Navy. While Congress deliberated and Ma jority Leader Underwood urged prompt action, so that if American forces were fired on they would bo free to act, the executive branch of the Government is sued orders to the Army and Navy with systematic regularity. The Army was cautioned to be on the alert and active preparations to use the militia as volunteer forces in case of further emergencies were begun. The warships of the Navy were ordered to concentrate on Tampico and Vera Cruz as their first objective point. Plans Made to Seise Forts. Plans were made to seize these ports. American merchant vessels were or dered out of Mexican harbors and there was a long session of the joint board of the Army and Navy, participated in by Admiral Dewey, Major-General Wood and Major-General Witherspoon, after which it was announced that the Army and Navy were prepared for in stant action. Tonight the President conferred with Secretaries of State, War and Navy re garding successive steps to be taken to force reparation from Huerta. Major General Wood, chief of staff of the Army; Rear-Admiral Victor Blue, chief of the Navy Bureau of Navigation; Rear-Admiral John Fisk, chief of the Bureau of Operation, and John Llnd, the President's personal representative in Mexico, were called into the confer ence. Americans are being urged to with draw from Mexico. Merchant ships are being chartered to take them away and while the President himself deprecates the "war spirit" with which the Na tional capital is surcharged, high Gov ernment officials do not deny that most elaborate precautions are being taken for any eventuality. Clerks on Dnty 24 Honrs. Clerks and secretaries in the State. War and Navy buildings are being kept on duty 24 hours, and everything is on a "war basis." Social engagements are being cancelled by Government offi cials; members of Congress are hesitant to leave Washington while the crisis is on. Newspaper extras and crowds watch ing the bulletins in front of newspaper offices, and scenes of animation at the White House and State, War and Navy building indicated the excitement that has spread through Washington. The President in a statement to newspaper correspondents said he had no enthusiasm for war; that he hoped to avert it, but that he was taking forceful steps to stop indignities which might lead to armed conflict. He drew a distinction between the Huerta fac tion and the great body of Mexican people, who had refused to recognize General Huerta as their President. ' The President in deprecating the war spirit that had arisen said: "In no con ceivable circumstances will we fight the people of Mexico." Measures "short of war" are planned by the President, such as the seizure of custom-houses, the occupation of coast towns, the takinar of Mexican warships and a blockade of Mei o's commerce with the United States. r--Precedent la Found. When the- President laid the situa tion before the Cabinet in a two-hour session Counsellor Lansing, of the State Department, sat at the table, telling in detail of the precedent upon which the Administration's action, it now has been aeciaeti, will he based. It hap pened in 1854 when the captain of an American war vessel was ordered by President Pierce to Bluefields, Nicar agua, to obtain reparation for insults to the American Minister. The town was held by rebels who had not been recognized by the United States. It was thrice bombarded by the American ship and finally the American officer went ashore with his men and burned the town. No lives were lost, the popula tion taking refuge some distance away. Mr. Wilson realizes that any action which the United States might take might be construed by Huerta as a mil itary operation sufficient to provoke war, but in all utterances today he emphasized that it was not the part of a powerful nation such as the United States to declare war on a weak neigh bor, especially on a small portion of a country already torn by civil strife. War's Only Purpose Declared. The President's message indicated clearly that should war result the United States would not seek to add to its territorial confines and that its only purpose would be the restoration in Mexico of law and order. The delivery of the message giving to Congress a detailed account of the arrest of the American bluejackets at Tampico and Huerta's refusal to ac cede to Rear-Admiral Mayo's demand for a salute was the incident of most absorbing interest of the day. Great crowds swtrmed the Capitol grounds and the House chamber. In feverish excitement people waited for hours to hear the message read. The President was calm and smiled his ac knowledgment of the demonstration of cheers with' which he was greeted. When he reviewed the incident at Tampico and said he deemed it his duty to sustain in full the demand of Ad miral Mayo for a salute, cheers came from the Democratic side and from some Republicans. Many members of the minority party were silent, bow ever, a fact which occasioned much comment in the galleries. Many Republicans Silent. The President's strongly phrased ex pression of his determination to secure approval for the use of armed forces "in such ways and to such an extent as may be necessary to obtain from General Huerta and his adherents the fullest recognition of the rights and dignity of the United States" waa re ceived with a burst of enthusiasm, but again many Republicans were silent. As the President leTt the House chamber he chatted with House and Senate leaders about the steps he had in mind. He did not think it necessary as yet to ask for an appropriation but already such a measure had been in troduced in the Senate. Secretary Bryan stayed at the Capitol to discuss with members of the Houbc committee on foreign affairs the phraseology of the joint resolution ap proving the President's course in using the Army and" Navy. The Senate in the meantime passed the House bill, providing for the or ganizing of the militia as volunteers on authority of the President but the resolution was held up on a motion to reconsider by Senator Reed. Those in charge of the resolution hope to clear it tomorrow for conference. Consideration of the joint resolution to carry out the President's purpose of enforcing the demand on Huerta oc cupied the attention of the two con gressional committees in charge of for eign affairs, and the bill soon was re ported to the House, but held up In the Senate committee to await the' action of the other body. Opposition Is Varied. , Opposition developed along many dif ferent lines. Some wanted to give the President authority to deal with the whole Mexican problem; others objected to individualizing Huerta in the reso lution, while others thought the use of the word "justified" in reference to the President's course might commit them Into an expression of approval of other phases of the Mexican question. Acting Chairman Shively and Sena tor Swanson of the Senate committee on foreign relations, went to tiie White House at 6 o'clock for a conference about the text of the resolution while the House debated it. Senator Shively did not think the Senate would act until tomorrow. Inasmuch as the At lantic fleet will reach Tampico Wednes day morning. the Administration wanted the resolution passed so that tomorrow night be occupied in a com pletion of orders to the fleet. Secretary Garrison insisted in his talks with callers today that no orders had been issued to the Army for ag gressive action, but that his depart ment had merely taken steps deemed prudent in the emergency. Brigadier General Mills. In charge of militia af fairs, had telegraphed to the various states for information about militia to be used as volunteer forces In cases of necessity, and arrangements were being made with merchant steamship lines to charter ships for transports. Secretary Garrison announced that if the Army were used in forcing the de mands on Huerta, Major-General Wood, whose term as chief of staff expires this week, would go to Texas City to tajce cnarge or the situation. General Wood said that, should the Army be required to move before he could reach there, Brigadier-General Funston would oe in command of any forward move ment. Clashes to Be Prerented. The chief p rpose of the meeting to day of the joint Army and Navy Board, composed of representatives of the Army and Navy war colleges, was to prevent clashes of authority between these two branches of the service, where they might be ordered to work in conjunction. Should Tampico be taken bv tho ma rines landed from warships and troops then sent to hold the town, the board decided upon disputed points in such cases which arose in the SDanish- American War. It was the first time in many years that the Joint board had met. Besides Admiral Dewev and M1or- General Wotherspoon, who is to suc ceed General Wood as chief of staff of the Army, those who participated in the deliberations of the Joint board were: Rear-Admiral William H Sutherland, Rear-Admiral Bradley A. lske. becretary Daniels aid for oner. ations. and Captain Harry S. KnaDD an memoers or tne General Board of the Navy, as well as Brigadier-General J-iunter Liggett, president of the Army war college, and Brigadier-General Erasmus M. Weaver, ' chief of coast artillery. Warm debate began in the House as soon as the resolution was reported by the foreign affairs committee. During the consideration in the committee Rep resentative tiartnoldl, of Missouri, had offered an amendment to restrict the President's activities to "his constitu tional authority. On this Representatives Bartholdt and Ainey voted against the remainder of the committee. On the final vote Ainey aione opposed the measure. The discussion in the committee hovered about the use of the word "Jus tified." Some members contended that the President should be "authorized to use the armed forces of the Nation, Dui it was neia that this would be a virtual declaration of war. After the committee adjourned Chair man Flood presented the resolution on the floor for the action of the House. after conferring with Bryan and Under wood. Mann Asks Tot Honrs. When Flood asked unanimous consent that the resolution and report be read. Leader Mann reserved the right to ob ject to the present consideration of the resolution and demanded an explana tion. Chairman Flood said he was pre pared to allow half an hour's debate on the resolution on each side of the House. Representative Mann asserted the minority needed two hours' debate. "The President has advised us of con ditions," Underwood said. "We would not insist on putting this resolution through at this time if this were not a matter of paramount importance. But with the President's message delivered our troops may be fired on at any time. We must act at once," A round of Democratic applause greeted this. "1 am not alarmed by that state ment," Mann replied, "but the Presi dent has asked for our advice and we shov A have time to give it. Before we equip -the Nation for war we should at least have time to draw our breaths. I am always ready to support the Presi dent in his conduct of the foreign rela tions, but I value my country above my allegiance to the President." A cheer from the Republican side greeted this statement. Shouts of "bring in a rule," "Hurry it through," from the Democratic side, interrupted the effort to obtain unanimous consent. Representative Mann finally agreed that he would accept an hour and a half. Representative Underwood said the Democrats would be satisfied with one hour. Representative Sisson, Democrat, of Missouri, declaring that the resolution was "a declaration of war, and as such was a matter which Congress should duly consider," objected to any agree ment. Rule la BroDcbt In. Speaker Clark then recognized Chair, many Henry of the rules committee, who presented a special rule for the consideration of the resolution. The rule simply provides that the House "proceed to the consideration of the Mexican resolution." By agreement be tween Henry and Campbell, ranking Republican on the rules committee, the deDate on tne rule itself was limited to 20 minutes, with the understanding that the Republican side was to have a fair opporunlty for debate on the resolution after the . adoption of. the rule. Representative Campbell of Kansas, Republican, opened the opposition to the rule saying its purpose was "to make in order a resolution which is a declaration of war." "We are asked to declare war against Huerta, Why?" he asked. "Because American citizens have been murdered? No. Because Americans have been out raged? No. But because a company of sailors were arrested by a subordi nate. 13 it enough to Justify a declara tion of war? War with its awful con sequences against the helpless, dis tracted, poverty-stricken people of Mexico. For the people of Mexico share with Huerta. the results of war. "I am against this war," Campbell continued. "But if you force this war upon my country it will be my war, the war of my country and I will sup port it. "If you force this war upon my country 1 will stay here until the war is over." An outburst of laughter and applause from the Democratic side greeted this, and for a few minutes Mr. Campbell was unable to continue. rroKKMlvn IMeda-e Support. Representative Pou of North Caro lina, a Democrat, supported the rule. declaring the time has come to put an end to these outrages in Mexico." Progressive support for the resolution was pledged by Progressive Leader Murdock. This resolution needs one thing more than anything else,' he said. "That is the unanimous vote of the Congress of the United States. When my country's dignity is in question- I have but one rule. That is: Follow the flag. This resolution will do one thing that should be done. It will send around the world the word that our flag must be respected. I am tired of 'watchful waiting.' " A cheer from the Democrats greeted Murdock's speech. Lenroot, Republi can, favored the resolution, saying that its passage was the "best means of preventing war in Mexico." Republi can Leader Mann spoke vigorously against the President's policy. 'If the Incidents which the Presi dent has related to us had occurred with England. Germany. France or any other great nation." he said, "we would not have such a resolution pend ing here now. But we think that be cause Mexico is weak we have the moral right to declare war against her with high hopes of success. I would not declare war against Mexico for something for which I would not de clare war against England or France." Mr. Mann said the President was is suing orders" to congress. 'This is a declaration of war, he said. "This is a declaration that the U. S. is the helpful ally of the murderous crew in Northern Mexico who are mur dering men and outraging women." He insisted that it was purely a case of personal resentment of the Presi dent because he did not like Huerta, 'I don't condone the methods by which Huerta secured the high posi tion he now holds," continued the lead er, "nor do I believe in a declaration of war against him becauso Wilson does not happen to like him. 'We owe more than a salute from Huerta to the flag. We owe it to make the flag stand for right and Justice and peace." Representative Underwood closed the debate in support of the rule. As he took the floor the Democrats cheered. "This resolution," he said, "may mean war. It may mean peace. Let us hope that the ultimate result of the passage of the resolution will be peace and good order and the establishment of friendship between the two govern ments. Representative McDonald, of Mich igan, Progressive, supported the reso lution as a step to prevent war. Representative ICent, IndeDendent. California, expressing regret that he could not agree with the President, said the resolution was a "declaration of war" and asserted that by passing It Congress would "condemn to death many of our citizens in Mexico." Rep resentative Kahn, of California, also opposed the resolution, asserting that it meant useless war. "I have always believed," said Rep resentative Madden, of Illinois, "that nothing less than a nation could pro voke another nation to war. But here we are asked to declare war against the individual, Huerta. We have no cause for war. I would go as far as any man to preserve the honor of the Nation, but I am not prepared to jus tify war for any such trivial cause aa this. Representative Bryan Speaks. "This resolution simply calls upon us to put our forces down in Mexico to preserve the peace of the world, said. Representative Bryan, of Washing ton, speaking for the measure. Representative Gardner, of Massa chusetts, said he was willing to vote the President full support in the fu ture, but was not willing to subscribe to the President's position in the Tampico incident. Representative Stephen, of Mississip pi, was the first Democrat to speak against the resolution. He said the resolution was a declaration of war and that he did not believe the "Presi dent had made a sufficient cause to justify us in declaring war." Representative Butler, of Pennsyl vania, opposed the resolution as un necessary. He was followed by Repre sentative Reilly, of Connecticut, who aroused a storm , of applause on the Democratic side of the House by re citing a poem to the flag. Representative Moore, of Pennsyl vania, offered an amendment providing that nothing in the resolution "shall be construed as a declaration of war As the debate grew to a close, the House became reckless, applause be came boisterous and speakers were frequently interrupted by shouts of "Vote, vote." Gallerlea Join In Spirit. The crowded galleries joined in the RUM Portland, Oregon, March 25, 1914 " We have made a complete analysis of the contents of a can of Rumf ord Baking Powder purchased of a Portland grocer, and found it to be worthy of the highest commendation as a healthful, efficient and economical leavening agent." Gilbert-Hall Co., Chemists, spirit of restlessness and Speaker Clark had considerable difficulty in suppress ing disorder. Closing the debate against the reso lution. Minority Leader Mann declared that he was opposed to war because he "had served in this House through one war." "I have seen the results of the Span ish War," he said, "and I have seen that no one can foretell the results of war. I do not believe It is possible for -us to have war with Mexico and ever leave Mexico. I think that when our troops land in Mexico City when the war is over we will own Mexico. I am not now in favor of acquiring the re sponsibility for that ownership. I know that when the time comes I will Join with a majority in this House who will say the flag must never come down; that our boys plantea it there." Mr. Mann added that he believed that all of the efforts of peace had not been exhausted in the Mexican situa tion and that the Nation should not yet be plunged into war. Representative Henry concluded the debate in support of the resolution. Partisan Polities" Blamed. He said that Representative Mann had involved "partisan politics" in the consideration of the resolution. The President, he declared, has done every thing that a patriotic President could do to avert the war that seems to be impending in Mexico. "Every member In the House should vote for this resolution." he said, "and every man should be ashamed to play partisan politics." The Bartholdt amendment, limiting the President's power, was rejected by a viva voce vote. The amendment of Representative Moore, declaring that the resolution was not to be construed as a declara tion or war, also was downed by a rolling chorus of "noes" from the Dem ocratlc side. The Gardner substitute. autnorizing the President to use the armed forces of the country, but with holding approval of the President's course In the Tampico incident, was likewise defeated. Representative Mondell. of Wyo ming, Republican, in the debate on tho resolution, arraigned the Presi dent s policy and denounced the con stitutionaltsts as "murderous, robbing brigands. He asserted the Admlnis tration had accepted "miserable and humiliating replies fiom Villa and Carranza to its demands. "During all this time. he said, "the Huerta ad ministration has been preserving order. her conduct toward this Government has been perfect." Representative Heflin, Democrat, of Alabama, said Congress should let Huerta know "we have one country, one flag, one heart and every man ready to defend that flag. Incidents Viewed aa Trivial. Representative Gillette, of Massa ehusetts. Republican, said the incidents cited by President Wilson were trivial. "This is war," he said, "with all its horrors and responsibilities. History will censure and condemn those men who today on this miserable pretext vote for war. TWO PORTS WILL BE SEIZED 1 Continued From First lgg.) The debate in the House brought out the fact that while the American Navy probably would block Mexico off from commerce with the United States, It would not interfere with the passage of foreign vessels, although cargoes discharged on the shore might be held at custom-houses if they were occu pled by American forces. Resolution Set Forth. The joint resolution adopted by the House and which was before the Sen ate at a late hour tonight read as follows: "A joint resolution Justifying the employment of the armed forces of the United States in enforcing certain de mands against Victoriano Huerta: Re solved. By the Senate and House of Representatives, in Congress assembled that the President of the United States is Justified in the employment of l.ie armed forces of the United States to enforce the demands upon Victoriano Huerta for unequivocal amends to the Government of the United Statu3 for affronts and indignities committed against this Government by General Huerta and his representatives." During the evening there were in formal conferences of Democrats and Republicans and opposition to the phraseology of the resolution was ap parent. Many Senators, among t!iem a tew Democrats, objected to singling out General Huerta as an individual and wanted to amend the resolution to direct it against the de facto govern ment in Mexico City. Others wanted to make the resolution broad enough to cover Mexico generally. Forces Are Rallied. Administration leaders were begin ning to rally their forces early In an ticipation of Republican opposition. Administration Senators held that the passage of the resolution was a step which would enable to President actu ally to prevent war by forcing Hutrra to respect Americans and their inter ests. The President had made it cleat to Congress in his message that the exec utive really had authority to act. but that he preferred the approval of Con gress before making any important move. Members of the House went to bed FO By . .T. VrVyfvW THE WHOLESOME AK1NG POWDER HOW SHE GOT RID OF A TER- RIBLE COLD V i - m-tii-..- Mrs. Rosa Ncnqester, "About two years airo I contracted a terrible cold that settled on my lungs and left me -with a bronchial cough. Upon the advice of a druggist I tried Chamberlain's Congh Remedy. The re lief from the nrst dose was very great.- and by using two bottles of it I was enred and am very pleased to recommend it to others," writes Mrs. Rosa Nonges. ser, vnuersvuie, yjmo. instead of waiting for the Senate to reconvene. Crowds thronged the Senate galleries and corridors. At executive quarters there wa; a let-up in the late hours. Clerks were on duty for emergencies, but no movi ments were announced. A high offi cial who was in conference with the President pointed significantly to the fact that no orders had been Issued to the Army and remarked that the con stitutionalists need not be alarmed over the situation, for the present action was aimed entirely against Huerta. It was said that one of the reasons the White House was insistent on in dividualizing Huerta in the resolution was to prevent the constitutionalists from misinterpreting present move ments as threatening hostilities against them or the Mexican people generally. Huerta'a Statement Denied. With the announcement earlier that the battleships Virginian, Nebraska and Georgia of the third division had been ordered from Boston to Tampico. it was believed the final orders had been given for the movement of ships on the Atlantic side of the continent. The receipt late tonight of the state ment dictated by General Huerta to the Associated Press saying there was no American flag In the Dolphin's whaleboat brought out informal com ment from Navy department officials. who asserted that Rear-Admiral Mayo had reported tne boat as flying the colors of the United States at both bow and stern. - Tumulty In Conference. Just before midnight Secretary Tu multy left the White House for the hotel where Vice-President Marshall lives. Postmaster-General Burleson and Secretary Garrison were there and all went to the Capitol. By adjourning until 12:10 o'clock the Senate had ended the calendar day of Monday, and under the Senate rules a single objection to a report from a committee or to a motion to dis charge a committee Is sufficient to put the matter over one day. When the Senate convened at 12:10 o'clock for the regular Tuesday ses sion, the calendar was passed over quickly, and Senator Shively presented the new resolution as a substitute for the measure passed by the House. Senator Llppitt, of Rhode Island, im mediately objected. Senator Lodge urged that the objection be withdrawn and the Rhode Island Senator finally consented, reserving the right to object later. The resolution was read while Sen ate leaders conferred over an agree ment for a recess. SALEM CAN SEND TROOP MILITIA CAPTAIV BESIEGED MEN READY TO EXLIST. I1Y Company M, Third Regiment, Has SS Members and Officer Recruiting to Get It on War Footing. SALEM. Or., April 20. (Special.) That Marion County and Salem will supply their share of soldiers in case of war with Mexico was Indicated to day, when more than 100 men notified Max Gehlhar, captain of Company M, Third Regiment. Oregon National Guard, that they were ready to enlist. The majority of them said, however, that they would not enlist unless It was assured that the company would be sent to the front. Captain Gehlhar begin recruiting men tonight to bring the strength r.pres. R D imJ, J TV scales of Jusiice j You f Jyidf " U8ne? some of the money you are paying as taxes to employ expert STTI chemists to investigate the Nation's food supply. We down an opinion that California Home Brand Catsup Is Pure! This "table joy" catsup wins the decision every time on the bench, in the restaurant, and in your home. m m B of the company to the war number. Several ex-members re-cnllsted, and the Armory will be kept open the re mainder of the week. The member ship now is 58. but Captain Gehlhar says it should be at least 110. "The patriotism of the city and coun ty was fully proved." said the Captain. "I have been besieged by men all day desiring to join Company M. but the majority of them said they did not care to enlist unless we had positive assur ance of being' sent to the front. I shall recruit the company to its full fighting strength, however, to be in readiness for a call to service. Almost enough ex-members have applied, with the stipulation that they must experi ence service, to complete the quota. So The broiling pan is easily 11 iNliil'IMS-:' Wff m GOLD DUST Makes every kitchen utensil clean and sanitary. 5c and larger packages. Itme n m FfllRRANK company 1 CHICAOO -Lmt thm GOLD OUST TWItfS cfo jeor vor" zxH iHixl IxrTl ( liaaf'IrWff' CRYSTAL 'MM SUGAR. Al&avs Futl-tOelghi Al&aya CrrtI Domtno Gnmi1-e4 Bat fat coofrmg and yuwm ling O-ytnT Potntno Sartf CCtrp) The oaiy wamr (or ca&cc r lea Pmv ijrTiip- tiabaoos Cr-ytal Domino Ppw-3r-gc Perfect on fctratitt or ciii Cryrrtml Docnioo Comf tctian F Of COfafocBUlM SD(i lUftA TIm ArjMrlcmat SavarrRan-airavCo. Nw Torftc -ty At all Grocers The Main Highway TO THE EAST and its principal cities is tho Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Co. OREGON SHOiiT LINE UNION PACIFIC THE FAMOUS COLUMBIA RIVER ROUTE Through Trains Solid Splendidly equipped; oil-burning locomo tives; good roadbed; dining-car service second to none; well trained, courteous employes everything necessary to safe and pleasant travel. STEEL COACHES BLOCK SIGNALS Three Trains Daily Leave Union Depot: 10:00 A. M., 7:00 P. M 12:30 A. M. For Schedules, Tickets and Berth Reserva tions, call upon our CITY TICKET OFFICE Third and Washington Sts.. Portland, Or. PHONES Marshall 4500 and A 6121 HbKe.Mext) j Tisxxce iV? l:fi.,.T.. -tt 1 mana""- A vc are getting a better run for your money than you did in yester-years. are quite pleased, because on Feb ruary 26, 1914, Judge R. S. Bean, U. S. District Court. Oresron. handed r M it would be an easy matter to send a trained company from this county." 23-MINUTE QUAKE FELT Marqucllc Sciinogrrupli Indicates J-hot-k in Mexico. MILWAUKEE. April 20 The seismo graph at Marquette University reeis tered today an earth shock at 7:45 last ing about 23 minutes. Father S. Hagerty believes it was more than 1800 miles nwny. In a south westerly direction, possibly near Gua dalajara. Mex. cleaned with hot water and 53 CP Mi 3A V A'ja CJtVSTM. UOiTWtU " sa Tkl -n 7 - - - -