Morning Oregonian., April 13, 1914, Page 2, Image 2

3
- THE MORXIXG-
r '
OKEGOXIAX,
CONGRESS EXPECTS
TO ADJOURN EARLY
Prospect of Agreement to De
fer Most of Trust Bills
Gives New Hope.
CANAL DEBATE TO WAIT
191 1.
FOUR YORK ' 'GUNMEN'; ROOMED TO DIE FOR MURDER OF
" unmnum, amaAH ROSENTHAL.
Senate Coinuiiitee to Hear ex-Ambassador
Cboatc and Other Men
of Prominence Labor Men
Drop Caucus Demand.
WASHINGTON, April 12. Repeal of
toll exemption for American ships
passinsr through the Panama Canal
still holds the center of Interest In
Congress, with prospect of further enlivening-
rtificuKsion during the week In
the Senate, where the committee on
inter-oceanic canals is to resume hear
ings on the iBsue tomorrow.
With the tolls controversy 3raa:jjinp
and little chance for final action "on it
for anothermonth, membersof the. Senate
nd House have been restive lest early
adjournment for the Summer campaign
miht he impeded. The development,
.however, that Administration leaders
are preparing a plan to postpone anti
trust legislation until next session, save
for the creation of an Interstate Trade I
Commission, has revived hope that!
" ongre.ss may get back to the country
and Into the campaigns for the elec
tion of Senators and Representatives
rs cany as July.
Opposition Gains in Visor.
i-niii me nanus or the opposition to
canal tolls repeal are clearly shown,
it cannot be foretold how long the
.Senate will confine itself to discussion
of this all-absorbing subject, but there
Is little likelihood general debate on
the issue win begin for two weeks,
the canal committee puhposlng to give
11 days more to hearings on bills In
troduced and the House repeal bill.
Opposition to tlie repeal Is growing
more vigorous as the time for disposi
tion of the controversy approaches, but
Senators supporting the President In
sist this opposition Is not extending
Itself. They still maintain confidence
that the repeal bill will pass wlfhoui
amendment.
Kucli Democratic opponents of repea
as Senators O'liurman and Chamber
Jain retain the hope that repeal will be
defeated or that the bill at least will
bo amended in such a way as to pro
claim forcibly the sovereignty of the
United States aver the Panama Canal.
AmhiuMdon l Br Heard.
Senators Owen and Fimons, who are
leading tin- fight for the President In
the canals committee, expect to present
important information as to just what
this Government had In mind in the
negotiations of the Hay - Pauncefote
treaty with reference to treating all
nations on an equal basis In the canal.
Some of this Information they hope to
get from Joseph H. Choate. Ambassador
to England when the treaty was nego
tiated, and Henry White, who was In
charge of the American embassy In
London at that time. These and other
men of prominence are to appear be
fore the canals committee In the course
of the week.
Senator O'Uorman ami ntliec nnn-
Jients of the repeal plan to make cap
ital of the treaty negotiated with
Colombia which would extend to the
South American republic the use of the
canal free of tolls for warships The
fact that members of the Senate's
Interstate Commerce Commission plan
to amend the proposed interstate trade
commission bill so as to give that Com
mission authority to Investigate the re
lation to business of interlocking
directorates, holding companies, stock
watering, destructive price discrimina
tion and like evils, has struck a re
sponsive chord In the minds of many
democrats in both houses, and there Is
a growing feeling that the trade-commission
measure would be the only
trust legislation passed at this session.
Revised Trade Bill Ready.
Meanwhile the House interstate com
merce committee remains active, and a
trade commission clothed with the
power and authority to prevent "unfair
and oppressive competition" is pro
posed in a bin to be introduced tomor
row by Mr. Stevens, of New Hampshire.
rhlB committee will report tomorrow
its revised trade commission bill in
order to clothe the committee with au
thority to regulate competition between
corporations the Stevens bill declares
to be unlawful "all unfair or oppressive
competition in commerce" and empow
ers the commission to prevent such
competition.
Plans for caucusing on the question
of pressing the Bartlett-Bacon antl
Injunction bill have been dropped on
an understanding of the labor group in
the House that when the anti-trust
?,.Jf. f,naUy sha eman-t. -nm the
judiciary committee there will be In
cluded some provision to limit the in
junction power of the courts. So
labor element action is dependent also
on the probability that general trust
legislation may be dropped at this ses-
"')?"; Secretary Garrison. Chairman
Adarason. of the House Interstate com
merce committee, and Stevens of Min
nesota, of that committee, still are
wrestling: over the form that general
?hi'?r.'"?0wer conservation legislation
(hall take at this session.
EYE GRAFTING SUCCEEDS
Experiments "Wltn Plg'a Cornea
Seems to Have Given Sight to Babe.
BALTIMORE. April 12. (Special.)
The success of the operation performed
several weeks ago at the Baltimore
Kye. Ear and Throat Hospital, in which
the cornea of a pig's eye was grafted
onto the blind eye of David Kane, a
six months old infant, is now practi
cally assured. Dr. Floyd B. Whitman,
the surgeon who performed the opera
tion, still refuses to make a statement
with reference to it. but it is learned
that the eye on which the pig's cornea
was grafted is Still clear. There is
reason to believe that It will remain
clear for the few days left of the time
allotted for the test by the surgeon
If by end of this week the eye has
not clouded, the mother of the infant
probably will be able to take him
from the hospital virtually cured of
the blindness in whioh he was born
and seeing through a pig's eye. '
Portland Resolutions Protest.
A resolution pleading for the lives of
the four gunmen who killed Herman
Rosenthal was adopted at a meeting of
the Oregon League for the Abolition
of Capital Punishment in the Plasa
block yesterday. a message urging
the commutation of the sentence of
death to life imprisonment was tele
graphed to Governor Glynn, of New
Tork.
A. new automobile headlight has Just been
rut on the market In France, whlfr. repro
nt a radical departure from prmnt da
aina. The lamp haa the shape of a human
eyeball and turns In Its socket In exactly
tie una manner as the eye in its supprt.
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A""'V l-t-KT. "lEfTIB I.OI IK" BOSKMJKKfil RKiHT, HIRRV
W ITZ. I-GYP THE Bl.OOn n , BEI.OW. I.KKT. - DMiO F
t IROFItl, HIIiBT. FRANK SKIDE.N SH Kit MVHITEV" I.KWIS)
HORO-
PRASK"
FOUR AWAIT DOOM
First "Gunman" Who Flinches
to Be First to Die.
NUNS VISIT PRISONERS
Day .Spent in Devotion, Spirit of
Which Spreads to Whole Cham
ber, In Which 1 Condemned
Men Await End.
'Continue,! From First Fajfe.
an instant during the day or night.
Until the moment or the electrocution
they will be under the observation of
Dr. Farr and Dr. Mereemo, the prison
physicians. In addition to the guards.
At 3 o'clock In the morning the final
prayers will be said. Father Cashion
will kneel with "Dago Frank" and re
ceive his final confession. The Kabbis
Golstein and Kopfsten will prepare the
other gunmen for the end.
The condemned mens' last word from
their chief counsel. C. G. F. Wahle.
came in the form of a telegram from
Albany telling of the Governor's flnal
refusal to Interfere.
GLYX DENIES IxAST PlyEAS
Attorneys Plead Two Hours, Disre
garding Personal Sympathy.
ALBANY. N. T.. April" 12 The last
faint glimmer of hope that a reprieve
might be granted for the four New
York gunmen passed late today.
In the executive chamber of the de
serted state capitol Governor Glynn
heard the final appeals of two attor
neys of the men. C. G. F. Wahle and
H. L. Kringle, for a stay of the death
sentence and then again and for the
last time declined to interfere.
For two hours the attorneys pleaded
with the governor. All appeals to 1118
sympathies were disregarded. Only the
new evidence that was placed before
Justice Goff In New York yesterday
was presented.
Every scrap of evidence was gone
over carefully and every affidavit read
fully by the governor and his legal ad
viser, John G. Saxe. Then the gun
men's attorneys were sent for. Pale
and a trifle nervous, but with a firm
voice, the Governor said: "Gentlemen,
I am sorry, but I cannot see my way
clear to change -my decision."
"It seems the boys must die," Mr.
Wahle said. "Unless the governor
changes his decision before morning
they are doomed."
"Did he hold out any hope?" waa
asked.
"No." he replied. "On the contrary,
he said his decision was final."
"The governor seemed anxious to
know every new fact In the case." he
said. "We presented all of the evi
dence and affidavits produced before
Judge Goff yesterday, set forth verb
ally the salient features of the evi
dence, then gave him and his counsel
the affidavits for their own examina
tion. There is nothing left for us to
do but continue our duties as bearers
of bad news."
While the attorneys were with the
governor a report became current that
the mother and sister of "Dago Frank"
Ciroflcl were coming to see the execu
tive. One rumor was that they bore
confessions from the gunmen. Another
was that they thought a last personal
appeal to the governor might save the
gunmen's lives.
When the governor heard the re
port of the women's Intended visit he
said ho would not grant them an audi
ence. He decided several days ago not
to talk with anyone of the relatives
of the condemned men.
POLICE
'SYSTEM'
INVOLVED
Crime for Which Gunmen Pay Re
sult or Wave of Reform.
NEW YORK. April 12.Hope for the
four gunmen was closed six days before
their execution when Governor Glynn
refused to grant a stay, pending the
second trial of Charles Becker, ex- po
lice lieutenant. Becker was convicted
In the lower courts of having plotted
the murder of Herman Rosenthal to
prevent him from making graft revela
tions to District Attorney Whitman.
The Court of Appeals, in reversing
the decision for Becker, declared itself
unconvinced that he had directed the
murder, but upheld the judgment of
the lower court that the four gunmen
had been the instruments. Motions for
a new trial on the ground of new evi
dence were denied and they were sen
tenced to die during the week begin
ning April 13.
The real names of the men who have
been known as "Gyp the Blood," "Lefty
Louie," "Dago Frank" and "Whltey
Lewis" were Harry Horrowitz, Louis
Rosenberg, Frank Ciroficl and Frank
Seldenshner. The youngest. "Lefty
Louie" was 21. the oldest, "Dago
Frank." 27. Except "Dago Frank.",
the men were Jews. As the nickname
implies, he was an Italian. "Gyp the
Blood" and "Lefty Louie" were married.
Their young widows survive them.
The crime for which the gunmen paid
the penalty started a wave of police
reform, from which the ripples have
not yet subsided. Through the revelat
tions made at the. time and subsequent
ly, stalked the vague monster known as
the "police system."
Rosenthal was shot down early on
the morning of July 16, 1912, In front
of the Hotel Metropole in the heart of
the tenderloin. On receiving an an
nouncement from a man who came Into
the hotel, he walked out and fell dead
before a fusillade of bullets. The mur
derers leaped Into an automobile and
escaped. Weeks later, after Becker
had been arrested, the gunmen were
found in a flat in Brooklyn.
Their conviction and Becker's were
based chiefly on the testimony of three
go-betweens who turned state's evi
dence. These men. Jack Rose, Brldrie
Webber and Harry Vallon. declared
that they had hired the gunmen to kill
the gambler, Rosenthal, at Becker's re
quest. Sam Schepps. a little gambler,
corroborated their testimony and waa
not adjudged an accomplice.
Becker was a police lieutenant In
charge of the "strong arm" squad,
whose duties were to keep in subjec
tion the gangs of the city and to regu
late gambling houses and places of ill
fame. Rose, Webber and Vallon said
that Becker had made use of his posi
tion to collect money from these houses.
Rosenthal, according to these same wit
nesses, having a grievance against
Becker, was about to give evidence
against Becker to the district attorney.
CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS LEADING- DIRECTLY TO EXECU
TION OF NEW YORK "GUNMEN" TOR MURDER.
exposing pub-
July 13, 1912 Herman Rosenthal publishes affidavit
lie graft.
July 1 Rosenthal murdered.
July 30 Inspector Charles Becker indicted
August 12 Sam Schepps arrested.
August 20 Schepps confesses he saw gunmen paid
August 21 Becker and six others indicted.
September 1 Several witnesses vanish.
September 15 "Gyp the Blood" and "Lefty Louie" arrested
OcJohfr uli'S,Us- lmpor,tnt Witness for state, assassinated.
October 8 Becker trial opens.
October J5 Becker found guilty of murder In first degree
October 1 Becker in death cell, execution set for December
November 8 Trial of four gunmen opens.
November 17 Trial of gunmen ends.
November 20 Four gunmen found guilty.
cuserlelnbr 11 In"urnce companies reject risks on gunmen's ae
November 22 Informers freed, pursued by crowd.
rile!" eZBrldey" WebDer denies repudiating confession.
, December 20 Appeal stays execution of gunmen
tionember Sl TrU1" f Becke' n1 gunmen lead to graft Investlga-
May 1, 1913 Four police captains sentenced for graft
June 14 "Brldgey" Webber, informer, stabbed
february 25. 1914 Court of Appeals grants Becker new trial
February 25 Four gunmen denied new trial.
governor Glynn rerusea to Interfere In
men.
April 11 Justice Goff denies new trial.
April li Governor Glynn again refuses to Interfere.
execution of gun-
ROLE TO CONFINE
DEOATE IS NEEDED
Effort in Senate Is Coupled
With Move to Restrict Ex
. ecutive Sessions.
BOTH CHANGES DESIRABLE
Members of Cpper Body at Present
Permitted to DIm-uss Any Snb
jccl. Without Reference to
One Being Considered.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash
ingion, April 13. There is strong
Democratic opposition In the Senate to
the proposal of Senator Kenyon to d
away with executive . sessions, except
for the consideration of treaties, but
there is also keen support for the pro
posal of Senator Hoke Smith to compel
Senators, when ad-diessing the Senate,
to speak only on the subject then
pending.
Senators who take a broad view of
the Senate rules agree that both pro
posals should be adopted, and that the
two changes should be made in the
rules. There are intense partisans,
however, who view both proposal from
the viewpoint of party advantage, and
these Senators cannot support both
propositions.
Objeetloa Made to Srereey.
Under the rules all nominations
made by the President are considered
In executive session, and only the final
action of the Senate is officially an
nounced. The proceedings of the Sen
ate behind closed doors are usually
fully reported in the dally papers, but
the reports are not official, a xi there
fore are subject to some dou'n.
It is- argued by Senators who object
to executive sessions that nominations
made by the President should- receive
open discussion, as do nominations
made by the people for elective cfflccs.
The secrecy thrown about Presidential
appointments operates to protect an
appointee who Is subject to legitimate
criticism and also affords Senators so
disposed an opportunity to make reck
less charges. If appointments were
considered In open esslon. men who are
vulnerable would not seek public of
fices as freely as they do. and Senators
would be less free to prefer charges.
Daniels' lSamlnatlosj ia Mlad.
The discussion over executive ses
sions Is the direct result of the fight
against the confirmation of Winthrop
M. Daniels for Interstate Commerce
Commissioner. Senators who took part
In that contest agee that had Daniels'
nomination been considered in the open
Senate It would have been re1tri
notwithstanding he was the personal
appointee of the President. '
While Senator Hoke Smith is mak
ing his fight against the Kenvon
amendment to the rules, he Ih insist
ing on amending the rules so that Sen
ators cannot discuss any subject under
the sun at any time they may be rec
ognised. On this issue, the Democrats
are at a disadvantage, under present
rules, for Republican Senators are
breaking Into the Senate proceedings
at all times and when all manner of
subjects are pending, and are hainmur
ng President Wilson and the Admin
istration for its stand on the Panama
Canal tolls question. This Is not pleas
ant music to the ears of Senator Smith,
and he wants to shut off all discussion
on the tolls question until tho tolls bill
is reported and before the Senate for
consideration.
Present Rule Indefeasible.
Partisanship aside, there Is no de
fense of the present Senate rule which
permits Senators to discuss any sub
ject at any time. There Is every rea
son why discussion should be eon
fined, as it is in the House, to the bill
pending. Such a change would re
store order to the Senate proceedings
uur ue eminently lair to both
Sides.
This change, however, is no more
desirable than that proposed by Sena
tor Kenyon. An effort is being made
to combine both proposals and adopt
both amendments at the same time. If
the Senate can do this. It will have
mnde a step forward.
TREATY IS NOT CONSTRUED
eontlmied From Flrat Paie.
treaty. It is simply a refusal on the
part of the United States to raise that
question in that way."
Discussing the President's right to
expect the support of Congress when
he deals with ( International questions.
Secretary Bryan adds: "The Chief Ex
ecutive speaks for the Nation in inter
national nfTstr and It Is only fair to
assume that he speaks advisedly when
he declares that intercourse with other
nations Is seriously embarrassed by ths
free tolls law which he seeks to re
Peal. occupy today a proud position
among tho nations; we are the fore
most advocate of . peace and arbitra
tion; we are becoming more and more
a moral factur throughout tho world.
Can we afford to surrender this posi
tion? Can wo afford to belittle the
screat enterprise which has reached Its
consummation at the lsllimus? The
question is not what we can do, but
wliat we ought to do. This question
must be decided on moral principles
:md not by counting of our regiments
and battleships."
Ilalllmore Platform loaatrara.
Mr. Bryan was a memher of the res
olutions conimitteo of the Baltimore
convention and his observations on the
platform constitute his Mrst utterance
on the subject. He arcuea that there
are two planks in the Baltimore plat
form pertinent to the discussion, one
which dcolares the belief of the Demo
natic party In the encouragement of
fie merchant marine, but says that It
should bo developed "without imposing
autilt'onal burdens upon the people and
without, bounty or subsidies from the
public treasuries." and a second plank
declaring in favor of tho exemption
froin'tclls of American coastwise ships.
Mr. Bryan declares that the opposi
tion t.t bounties is a doctrine "for
which the Democratic party has stood
from liaie immemorial." He rcfera to
the exemption plank as a "little plank"
and to the pronouncement on bounties
and subsidies as the "larger plank.
anrt says: "What opiate docs the little
plank contain that It can make those
who accept it oblivious of tho larger
plank? By what rule of construction
can the small plank be made binding
and the larieer one Ignored? The secret
of the strange power exerted by the lit
tle plank is to be found in the fact thai
it careful? conceals the means by which
It is to be carried out. Had the woid
subsidy' or 'bounty' been inserted in
this plank, it could not have secured
the indorsement uf the convention, be
cause the contradiction between this
plank and the larger plank would ha-ve
been immediately apparent.
. hana'd CeadKloaa Alao Pleaded.
"But even If ths platform had not
contained within itself a complete refu
tation of the position taken bv the ad
vocates of free tolls, the President
would have been justified in the posi
tion that he took by the changed con
ditions which confronted him.
"A platform is a pledge and is as
binding upon an official as the com
mand of a military Ufflcer Is upon a
subordinate the statement cannot be
made stronger. But the subordinate
officer Is sometimes compelled to act
upon his Judgment where a change of
which the commanding officer Is not
aware has taken place In conditions.
It Is not -only the rlKht of the subordi
nate to Judge the situation for himself
where conditions have changed elnce
the order was given, but It is his duty
to do so.
"In the case under consideration tiic
president takes responsibility for an
official act which he regards as neces
sary for his country's welfare and the
people must decide whether or not he
Is Justified; and those who refuse to
act with him also assume responsibility
and .they. too. must abide the Judgment
of the public. Such a change has taken
place since the Baltimore platform was
adopted.
C'eamtlaa Velea la liaaraarr.
"Had the Democrats In convention
assembled been confronted by the con
dition which now exists and had they
known what those now. know who
voted for repeal, no such plank would
ever have been placed In the nlatrorm
The convention's attention was not
even brought to the fact that a ma
jority of the Democrats In the. House
had voted against the free tolls meas- '
i. re ana mat it nad In tact been passed
by a combination of a minority of the
Democrats and a majority of the Re
publicans." Mr. Bryan says that platform planks
dealing with international questions
must be accepted with the understand
ing that we act Jointly with other na
tions in International affairs, that even
If a plank had not been contradicted by
another plank in the platform and even
if it "had not concealed a subsidy pol
icy repugnant to Democratic princi
ples and history." that even if condi
tions had nut changed, a platform
plank should be taken on International
questions "as the expression of a wish
rather than as the expression of a de
termination, for no nation can afford
to purchase a small advantage in the
face -of a universal protest."
Diplomatic Relatloas Disturbed.
"It is best," the Secretary continued.
"If a nation desire to array itself
against the world, it should be sure
that the thing which it is to gain is
worth what it costs. The President,
knowing that every commercial nation
except our own construes the treaty as
a pledge of equal treatment, would
have been recreant to his trust had he
failed to point out to the American
people that our diplomatic relations
would be seriously disturbed by the
carrying out of the free tolls policy."
Considering the repeal measure upon
its merits. Mr. Bryan said there were
Just two questions to be decided:
First. Is It desirable for tho Demo-
pi
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cratle party to abandon Its historic
position and become the advocate of
subsidies and bounties? And. second,
if it is deairable. what is the Demo
cratic parly willing to sacrifice in in
ternational prestige and world influ
ence In order to secure the advance
which these subsidies promise to a few
people?
FAIR
WEEK IS FORECAST
onditioii Declared Probable
Next 1'rv Days, at Least.
for
WASHINGTON-. April 1 J. Generally
fair weather for Eaatcr week in all
parts of the country, except South
Atlantic states, where rain is indicat
ed for the first day or two, was fore
cast tonight by the bureau.
"It will be cool and frosty over the
centrsl and Eastern districts." the bul
letin says. "As there are no indica
tions of the approach of a storm over
the Northwest for several da vs. at
least, the fair weather is likely to
continue during the greater portion of
the week.
"After the middle of the week a dis
turbance win appear on the Xorth Pa
cific coast or in British Columbia, but
without disturbance other than somi
local rains in the North Pacific sni
the far West on Thursday or Kridav
and some unsettled weather over the
Northwest generally by the end of the
week."
Jacob' Kurth Xot in Danger.
SAX FRANCISCO, April 1. Jacob
Furth. Seattle financier, taken to a
sanitarium here yesterday suffering
from heart trouble, was reported to
night to be "about the same" and in
no immediate danger.
New Cannery Being; Built.
WHITE SALMON. Wash.. April
(Special.) Work on the excavation for
the new cannery building has been
commenced. The plant will be located
along the railroad tracks below White
Salmon.
VANCOUVER MAU
AFTER SIEGE
SUPPLE AS BOY
OF RHEUMATISM
G.
R. 'Gallant Gives Credit
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Recovery
il. R. Gallant, retired, of Vancouver.
Washington, who has been a great suf
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Hroada-ay and Washington. Although
he was badly crippled before trying
Akoz. the remarkable mineral that Is
proving such a formidable rival f
radium, soon relieved him.
"I had been a great sufferer with
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"I hope the multitude of rlieumati
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