Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 8, 1913)
8 TTTTC MOTtTSTVO CRTGCNTATf, RATTTRDA V. NOTTUrBETt 8, 1913. 2T()e (Dmvimian PORTIASD, OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon, Vostofflce ?conil -class matter. Subscription Kates Invariably In Advance: (BT MAIL,) Pally, Fund ay Included, one year. ...... .f 8. 00 Xal:-. Sunday Included. Itz months.. ... 4.25 lJaily, Sunday Included, three month!... 2.1J3 laily, Sunday Included, one month...... -5 lal!y, without bunday, one. year........ e,M lally, without Sunday, six months. .... 8.23 lally, without fcunday. three months. ... 1-75 laily, without Sunday, one month .60 Mr'etkly, one year ...........-. l.&O Bunilay, one year... 2.60 Sunday and weekly, one year (BY CARRIER) Dully, Sunday Included, one year $9.00 laily, Sunday Included, one month. ..... .73 Mow to KmU Send poatofflce money or tler, express order or personal check en your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give poatofflce address In full. Including county and state. 1'ontaca itntee 12 to 16 pages. 1 ce it: 18 to pages. ' cents; 34 to -4S pages, 8 cents; to to 60 pages, 4 cents; 62 to 7 pages, a cents; 78 to pages, 6 cents. Foreign post age, double, rates. Kaatern l!uilne Offices Verree Con. Hn, New York. Brunswick building. Chi cago, steger building. San l'ranchro Office R. J. Btdwell Co. 742 Market street. J-OH.ri.ANI, SATURBAI, NOV. 8, 101S. ,EDCCATIOXAL ETOMTIOJf. The new examination syetem which has been authorized by the Board of iMrectors lor the Portland public schools reminds us how rapidly edu- catlonal Ideals and methods are evolving- In this city. The Ironclad fetish of Inexorable written tests for all the . pupils has been dethroned and the , whole matter is left to the common sense of the city superintendent. He very wisely announces that he will delegate much of his authority in the matter to the teachers In the various i schools, who necessarily know more ' than he does about the special needs ; cf their pupils. All this means that examinations henceforth are to be a help to the pupils Instead of a fright ! Xul ogxe, which annually demands a ! eaorifloe of Intelligence and sometimes of Mfe Itself. Add to this great and . beneficent reform the efforts which sire making to bring advanced lnstruc ! tlon to the people and we may begin to appreciate some of our blessings. The lecture courses offered freely by Reed College to the citizens of Port land have been noticed in The Ore- Mnl.M TVn QtnU TTnlrorsttv Vina now arranged a similar scheme. The lecture-rooms of the public Horary and Its branches seem to be fully uti lized In this way. Along the same line of educational effort Dr. Frederick C. Howe, direc tor of the People's Institute in New York, has made a remarkable report. It aught to affoct as profoundly edu cational Ideals and work In that city as the survey of our schools has In Portland. Ir. Howe Is famous for hts books on city life and problems. He was one of the first Americans to compare our primitive municipal In stitutions with those of foreign coun tries and point out the paths which we must follow to attain the results commonly enjoyed In Germany and England. Looking at the varied so cial life of New Tork, Dr. Howe says in his report to the school inquiry committee that he sees everywhere an enormous wasto of ability and poten tial human energy. Education as a rule ends with the twelfth or four teenth year of the child. Some 500,000 children enter the lower schools of New Tork each year, while only 8600 graduate from the high schools. The grist poured Into the hopper i3 large. The return of finely-bolted flour is scant lnd-eed. We must remember too that the "cultural age" of the human being does not usually begin until long after the ege of twelve. Up to that time the child is mechanical and Inquisitive only. There is any amount nf rtnnRtlrtff- nmnnn tJifriprQ that thpv prefer to devote the child's school life to "cultural studies," but as a matter of sober fact culture in any genuine sense is utterly out of the question until after puberty and then boy or girl has usually left the school. Often the capacity for culture does not emerge in the lndividaul until between 20 and SO years of age. This may help to explain why so many yung men graduate from oollege savages in all that pertains to the higher men tality. Moved tiy facts like these Dr. Howe proposes to direct more educational energy to the Improvement of mature men and women. He sas-s that this ought to become known as "the New Tork Idea," but It never will, for it 5s already known as the Chautauqua Idea. But never mind It is the re- trults we care for, not the names. New York has already provided night schools, many series of lectures, rec reation centers and museums for the Instruction of mature persons, but It seems that they are after all regret tably Ineffectual. Th Metropolitan Museum of Art attracts comparatively few visitors. The night schools do not draw nearly so many students as they should. The recreation centers have been more or less blighted by the "school teacher" spirit. The ped agogical notions of discipline do not Appeal to grown people of either sex. Dr. Howe recommends a systematic and persistent effort to reach the in telligence of mature men and women with educational advantages. He wants to do for the entire population of New York what the Chautauquas have been doing for farmers and their wives these many years. He believes rather in social centers than In '"recreation centers," mainly because the former may be completely Belf-governing. In his opinion It is not best to put either species of "cen ter" under the supervision of the BChool principals, partly because their disposition and training unfit them for such popular work, partly because they have enough to do without It Before the social center Idea can be evolved to Its full usefulness specially prepared men and women must be se. cured to take charge of it. This has been found to be true in Wisconsin and it will prove to be true every where. There must be little academ ism in any appeal to the people. Bet ter If there i& none at all. A popu lar audience can be Interested in the Copernlcan sj'stem of astronomy or the invention of the calculus, but not by any ordinary pedagogic devices. There is absolutely no knowledge which is "above the heads of the masses." But there is a great deal which the ordinary teacher cannot impart to the masses. For social cen ter work, lust as for university exten sion, peculiar gifts are needed. But Dr. Howe knows all about these difficulties and In his report he sug gests a way to surmount them. It is to place the schoolhouses unrestrict edly in the hands of the people and let them work out their own intellec tual and social salvation. Make the nchoolhouse a family resort, where there may be dancing, music, lectures picture shows, everything that innp cently pleases, and let the people say what they will have. He sees no limits to the utility of the school- bouses. They should be used for poll ing places as well as for political speeches and dances: If the - people want to charge an admission fee for any performance they should be free to do so. The money will come In very pleasantly to pay for something else. The point of it all Is that Dr. Howe trusts the people to redeem themselves from low vulgarity and rise to the Ideal heights of culture If the road is open. They cannot be -lifted up by anybody else. THE EMPIRE BUILDER. ' Mr. James J. Hill was 75 years old on September 16, 1913; yet he Is the most vigorous and potential figure to. day in the railroad and transportation world. For fifty years he has stead ily pursued his chosen vocation and for twenty-five years or more he has had a National and international rep utation as an "empire builder." He has honestly earned that great dis tinction, for the development of cities and states has followed or attended his activities and has been In no small measure due to them. Think what this man has seen and recall the mighty civilizing movement of which he has been a part. Within the period of his personal career the State of Minnesota has multiplied In population twelve times; Montana, twenty times; the Dakotas, 250 times; Idaho, thirty times; Oregon, twelve times. In other words, these states have grown from a total population of less than 300,000 in 1860 to a grand total of nearly. 6,000.000 in 1818. No wonder Mr. Hill Is acclaimed an empire builder. No wonder his goings and. comings are of interest and mo ment to the people of the Northwest. No. wonder they wish to honor him whenever he appears among them. That is the Inspiration of the recep tion and banquet to be tendered him and his associates in Portland today. SPLIT ON CCBEEjfCI. The more the currency bill Is dis cussed, the greater differences of opinion arise in regard to It. The Democratic members of the Senate committee are divided on some of Its principal prbvlslons and one faction s allied with the Republicans In amending the bill in some Important respects. The other faction is strongly opposed to these changes and there 3 good reason to believe it will have the support of President Wilson and the House leaders in Its opposition. The latter faction now talks of calling a party caucus to secure party unity on the measure, but what ground has it for hoping that the same division which has appeared in the committee will not run clear through the party ranks? This will probably prove to be the case. A counting of noses by the insurgents will naturally follow and If they find themselves outnumbered, they may refuse to go Into a binding caucus. In that case the regulars' only hope of passing the bill substantially as it came from the House would lie in Republican support. The prospects of such support from the progressive wing were bright when the bill first appeared, for twelve Republicais were expected to vote for it. But a change seems to have come over the progressive Republicans. Such men as Senators Bristow and Crawford have Joined conservatives like Sena tors McLean and Weeks and the. mod erately progressive Senator Nelson in supporting the amendments demand ed by the Democratic Senators, Hitch cock and Reed. The Republicans on the committee are united, hence we may expect a close approach to unan imity in the party as a whole, so far as the Senate ' is concerned. The prospect of Republican help to com pensate for Democratic defection has grown dim. This situation demonstrates that currency reform in its very nature is not a party question. The Demo cratic party has taken a stand in its platform against a central bank and in favor of Government issue of cur rency, but even these fundamental points can scarcely be made party questions, for many Republicans are of one mind with the Democrats upon them. In order to get any bill through President Wilson seems under the ne cessity of choosing one of several courses standing pat on the House bill and bringing the dissentients Into line for it, modifying it so as to over come their objections, or frankly go ing outsid-e his party to win over enough Republican Senators for his purpose. In tha last-named case pas sage of the bill would be a personal triumph for him, but could not be placed to tha credit of his party. Bills dealing with the -banking and monetary system have always been a source of internal party dissension. They have split both Republican and Democratic parties. Men are more obstinately opinionated on that sub lect than on others and refuse to yield their personal opinions to party policy or expediency. If Mr. Wilson gets a bill through without causing serious division in the Democracy, he will have played politics more skillfully than many of his predecessors. uyrxo ox ceo a month. Considerable pains have been taken by. a correspondent, assisted by Mrs, Correspondent, to prove with an array of statistics that It Is possible for a man and wife to live on a $90 salary It may be presumed that, while not stated, the effort is to prove that they can live "comfortably" on that sti pend. It does not require estimates or accounting to demonstrate that It is possible to live on the salary or wage named. Many persons, including mar ried motormen, conductors, clerks, bookkeepers, stenographers and oth ers, not to mention common laborers, who receive less, are doing it. How much of comfort and enjoyment they obtain from life In comparison with their more fortunate fellows is another matter. The economist who writes today presents a list of necessities with cost Itemized and discloses a balance at the end of the year of $162.11, provided no emergencies, such as dental needs Illness or loss of time have arisen' in the period. A close inspection of the list, how ever, discloses that such items as Winter coats, . rubbers and umbrellas are omitted.- It may be doubted that man or woman would look upon those useful articles sis luxuries in Oregon. Husband is allowed 72 cents for col lars and $6.94 for shirts, presumably of the "blled" variety, but is per mitted nothing for laundering. While "Dearie," if the keeper of the purse strings, might Insist on "doing up" husband's shirts and collars, she must be a genius if with home Implements she can reproduce the style and com fort that even a $90-a-month user of starched linen insists upon. Husband, too, it seems, must go hungry at noon or carry a lunchbox from home. A 25-cent lunch daily would consume half the nestegg that the correspondent calculates might be on hand at tha end of the rear. But then we know of a banker who is quite content with a sandwich and a glass of milk at the noon hour at a cost of 10 to 16 cents. We know of a streetcar conductor who avers he is comfortable and happy with wife and baby In two upstairs rooms with sleep ing porch at. $12 a month. The cor respondent's rent figure is $20. Thirty dollars a month, which he es timates for groceries and meat, under freedom from waste and ability to utilize remains of roasts and other dishes, will provide bountifully for two and permit of food luxuries. Living on JS0 a month is not a ques tion of possibility, but one of fitting desires to Income. It is likely to be a heartbreaking experiment only when the two persons who attempt it think they must "keep up appearances" In accord with high conceptions and previous experience, or are afflicted by untoward misfortune. THE CASK FOB HTTEK.TA. Those who imagine, like President Wilson ami Secretary Bryan, that It is possible for Mexico to hold a con stitutlonal election as we understand the term and to establish and main tain a constitutional democratic gov ernment will do well to read the plea of the American residents In Mexico, which has been sent to the President and Congress. The signers of this pe tition speak from an intimate personal knowledge of the people and from a deep Interest In the establishment of peace and order. Their words are certainly worthy of attention. The memorial describes the Mexi cans as "a people consisting, at the top, of a high-grade, essentially Latin race, cultured, high-spirited and am bitious, but grading off Into a small intermediate class and Into the peon or laboring class, whose .lot is still one of poverty, ignorance and improv idence and whose political capacity is not one whit better than that of our unfranchised reservation Indians and is really below that of our disfran chised Southern plantation negroes." The document continues: There la no strong body of property- holding; people of moderate means, without which no repnbiio ever has enaurea or ever can endure. There is a small class of peo ple who are - neither peons nor property holders, who ha-re education enough to be Discontented with their unfortunate lot. From those come mostly the leaders of the rebel-bandit bands. The history of Mexico is then sketched. The establishment of a re public when the. Spanish yoke was thrown off was found Impossible and for fifty years the country was "torn by revolutions, twice an empire, sev eral times a military dictatorship. sometimes for a short period under the form of a constitutional govern ment, but never an actual republic for a moment." Every man's house was literally his castle and the Na tional Palace Is still a garrisoned fort. Finally Diaz appeared, "Worked the miracle of a benevolent military dic tatorship under the forms of a pure democracy" and brought peace and prosperity. Madero's temporary popularity is attributed not to the prospects of the right to vote but to the "prospects of what was essentially the 'forty acres and a mule' that our freedmen so in sistently expected after the war." When given a full and free chance to vote at the Madero election, only 23,- 000 out of 14,000,000 people took ad vantage of the opportunity. In defense of the Huerta govern ment the memorialists say: In spite of the widespread rebel-bandit outbreaks and the attendant expense of gov ernment. In spite of the handicap of non- recognition and the resulting difficulties of. getting funds, In spite of the low state or the treasury left by Madero, we see more work being done now in this city for the benefit of the publio health and other bene fits, especially those affecting the poor, than we have seen for many years, and the recent celebration of Independence day, September 16, was the most orderly we have ever seen. For these reasons, we are utterly unable to account for the personal prejudice against General Huerta that seems to exist in Washington, except on the score of mis apprehension of the facts. The officers who controlled the army are declared to have had to choose between loyalty to the people of Mexico and loyalty "to the un balanced dreamer, .under whom the treasury was being ruthlessly looted and the country going to anarchy Madero's election is said not to have been constitutionally legal, for im portant provisions of the election law were deliberately violated and one Congressman was driven into exile for maintaining that law. The loyalty of those officers who helped Felix Diaz Is therefore pronounced essentially sound. The net result of leaving the fac tlons to fight it out is predicted to be "to increase the present several dozen revolutionary bands of bandits and to help start the fifty-year fire all over again." Rather than get out of the country and "abandon their property to the flames" many Ameri cans "prefer, nay, must remain to try and save our all," but "our Govern ment, by nonrecognltlon, 13 trying to put out of business the only concern interested in or capable of Insuring our property or our lives." The me morial continues: Vet. when we cast our Jot or invested our money In Mexico, we thought the Monroe Coctrine would be upheld to protect us against the results of European aggression from abroad, or from anarchy in Mexico. Their feelings harrowed by the tale told by the seventy-five American ref ugees from Durango when that city was sacked and wrecked by the rebels, the memorialists say our Govern ment's "misguided efforts" tend to put Mexico under the control of these "etupid fiends." They say the restora tion or peace is not a job for a squeamish man," but ."requires a true patriot with an iron nerve and an iron fist, one with red blood in his veins: For this job they "know of none more efficient than Huerta" and they say it "would be a crime to force a change now," for "the Huerta government is far stronger than all the so-called governments and rebel bands put to gether" and that "representations to the contrary are simply not true." In conclusion they say: Finally, while it Is admitted that Mexico needs reforms. It Is a fact that nothing can be done until peace is established, and the only just and feasible way to establish peace is to recognize the Huerta government at once, and we believe that such recog nition will do more to save life, lessen want and promote prosperity than any act within the power of the President and the Con gress or tne umtea states. This memorial is signed by twenty three men In various lines of business who have lived in Mexico for various periods, ranging from six to thirty-two years. By allotting $800,000 for construc tion of the West Umatilla irrigation project and ordering that work begin Secretary Lane has made good his promises to Oregon and has proved that he Is a man of action who slashes red tape in his determination to get things. Rarely has there been a more aggravated case of backing and filling and procrastination by a Government department than In the West Umatilla affair. It took a Western man of Mr, Lane stamp to end delays, and he has ended, them. This Is but a be- ginning, an earnest of what he will do to give Oregon her due from the rec lamation fund. We may, therefore, expect to see activity ere long not only on the Umatilla,' but in the Klamath. Deschutes and other districts until Mr. Lane's energy and practical sense will convert what have been the waste places of Oregon into the most thriv ing centers of population. The Oregonian has had from the following citizens of Eugene letters or telegrams of congratulation . and of gratitude for the part It played In the recent referendum campaign for the university appropriations: Luke L. Goodrich, president of the Eugene Commercial Club; T. O. Hendricks, president of the First National Bank; Allan Eaton, State Representative; L. E. Bean, State Senator; Alex Martin, Jr., cashier of the Eugene Loan & Savings Bank; McMorran & Wash burn, merchants; John Straub, dean of the State University (representing President Campbell); J. S. McGladry, Frank Jenkins, M. J. Duryea, and sev eral others in Eugene and elsewhere. The purpose of this paragraph is to make due acknowledgment of the compliments extended by the writers to The Oregonian and to say that their kind expressions, though only In part deserved, are nevertheless heartily ap preciated. Tales of hardship inflicted by the in come tax are already coming in. A woman who has an Income of $6000 a year says she must travel on a tour ist car from Maine to California be cause of the reduction in her income. Her tax will be $30 a year, which seems a small sum to persons of even less Income. Tricks to evade the tax are also coming to light. The Chi cago Record-Herald tells of a man receiving between $18,000 and $19,000 a year who has divided it among his children to escape paying $160 a year. It Is to be hoped the children will take care of the poor old man. The Universal Peace Union proposes an international real estate trade that the United States exchange the Alaska panhandle for British Hon duras and the latter country for Lower California. It does not look like a good trade. Southeastern Alaska abounds in minerals, fish and timber. In, Lower California we should gain Magdalena Bay as a naval base, and aside from that a desert. It might become valuable, if irrigated, but we already have enough work of that kind ahead to keep us -busy for many years. ' A six weeks' investigation of Judge Ben B. Lindsey's administration of the children's court at Denver has re sulted In his complete vindication, his accusers being unwilling to back up their charges about his leniency to offenders. We can't all agree with Judge Lindsey about his methods of promoting political reform, but we can agree, that he has been a pioneer in a great social reform and that he has been a devoted and single-minded worker for the public good. The New Orleans Times-Democrat says that never before has there been as large a mass of humanity speaking a tongue equally comprehensible everywhere as in the United States. Other countries have larger popula tion, but they speak many languages and dialects. The common school welds the Nation Into one by teaching all the English language. "I believe that the rich should have children," says Mrs. Waldorf Astor. "I am the mother of four, and I am proud of it." They will be Inclined to have at least two in order to earn ex emption of that additional $1000 from the income tax. The turning back of Felix Diaz from Mexico may explain his uncle's decision to go to Paris instead of his turbulent home land. While Huerta rules, Mexico is not a healthy coun try for ex-presidents and would-be presidents. . : Hunters are to give their entire bag to the poor for Thanksgiving dinner. However, we would not advise the poor to build their hopes too high, as the ducks may have a voice in the matter. Once upon a time the Jackrabbit was excellent food, but since civiliza tion has begun to press his confines ho has absorbed ailments that prevent him getting into the braising dish. Two Oregon duelists killed each other over a woman. Why can't we master that delightful French practice of holding a duel without anyone be ing hurt? Tango will be tried, in the Califor nia Asylum for Its soothing effect. As means of identifying the "looney" from the sane, the experiment will be a success. France now has two aerial postal routes, having Just established one of 525 miles from Paris to Nice, which will be traversed In 8 hours. It would seem that when one of these amateur gunmen go Into action the only safe person in the neighbor hood is the one aimed at. Meat and fish that have been kept in cold storage for six years may or may not toe good food, but nobody will eat them If he knows It. San Francisco men will endeavor to locate a treasure ship wrecked forty seven years ago. Quick, Watro, ' the needle! in case of Intervention, of . -arse the women will Insist on equal rights with men at the recruiting depot. Mexico having sharply called our bluff, we will now flounder around again in spineless diplomacy. We recommend a Carnegie medal for the city employe who seized the Mayor's unmuzzled dog. Huerta says he will raise an army of 600,000. He'll have to raise them on bottles in Mexico. Women police officers are proving such a success that the term police woman Is Inevitable. It would appear that some of the local cold storage meat Is nearly old enough to vote. Llnd may have been sent back to the capital to slap Huerta thrice on the wrist. In the meantime the currency bill Is growing quite a beard. ALTERNATIVE FOR PROHIBITION Plan Offered Which. Writer BcUerei Would Cause Saloon to Die. PORTLAND, Nov. 7. (To the Edi tor.) A recent letter In The Orego nian from the pen of C Vv . Uarby is so much more temperate than the average prohibition argument that It merits attention. My travels over the , country, of which my critio Is evidently ignorant, included an itinerancy for many years, extending, over Oregon, California, Washington and x-aho, in the endeavor to prohibit the prohibition of votes for women. When my work in this line began, many clergymen, who are now active leaders in another prohi bition movement were my most active opponents. I was prohibited from oc cupying scores of pulpits because the preachers would quote Paul, Just as the slave-holders of a former era quote Oneslmus. The Instances my critio cites to prove that prohibition does prohibit. gives his entire case away. To carry nis argument to its last analysis, we would prohibit men to exist because some men commit murder; we would prohibit the use of horses and auto mobiles because some of them are stolen. We would prohibit the exist ence of wives because some men are known to break the law by "coveting their neighbor's wives." We would prohibit the traffio in food because sortie men are gluttons. . , I might say, in reply to some of his statements in regard to the improve ments he names in some of the smaller towns, that the cities of Portland, Seattle, Ban Francisco and Los Angeles are not even ostensibly "dry," yet I could name improvements within their boundaries and environments in over whelming proof that the reasons hn alleges for such progress in some places do not touch the "wet" ques tion at all. The "police records" show that "blind pigs" are more carefully hidden in "dry" spots than elsewhere, but the fact they are sometimes unearthed even there, only proves that they are supported by numerous patrons, or there would be no demand for them anywhere. If the agitators who are preaching prohibition would expend their ener gies In advocacy of the substitution of counter attractions, the saloon would gradually die for want of support Much good Is quietly going forward in that direction already. The puolic drinking fountains, the places for tem porary retreat, the vaudevilles and movies are beginning in the right di rection, and the men's resorts In the North End is good. But we need the poor man's club in every center to at tract the homeless man, who will seek the "blind pig" If the Baloon, now open to him, is closed. The Y. M C. A. and Y. W. C. A. are working in the right direction. We need the churches, but they fall short of their duty when they are open only one-seventh of me time, under conditions that the labor ing man or man in rough habiliments will not enter, even on the seventh day. But, above all, we need the consum mation of the law, so, recently begun by extending the right of suffrage to women, which will ultimately enable every woman to have a home; and we must teach the humblest woman to protect her right to a sober husband by demanding of him the same degree of sobriety that he now demands of her." ABIGAIL SCOTT DUNIWAT. .CAUSE OR EFFECT OK POVERTY? Writer Believes That Drunkenness Is Slam of Economic Evil. PORTLAND. Or., Nov. 7. (To the Editor.) Frances E. Willard said: "Poverty is the greatest cause of drunkenness. Most Prohibitionists don't believe It. If they did their method of dealing with the problem might be different." Harris Welnstock, in the November number of Hearst's Mag azine, makes a statement which Is most convincing proof that drunkenness and crime are effects, and not causes, of poverty. In certain sections of Ire land, where tenant farming with it inevitable poverty and general eco nomio and social degradation have been superseded by farm ownership and economic security and comfort, drunk enness has fallen to an exceedingly low percentage and other crimes are so rare that not infrequently the court calendar is blank. Some of the Jails have been turned Into schoolhouses. Think of thatl The change from economic insecurity to economic secur ity from poverty to comfort resulted in this great social and moral change. Drunkenness and crime decreased not by prohibition or a curtailment of per sonal liberty, but by increased oppor tunities to live life well and above all. by removing the fear of hunger. Our population does not consist mainly of hungry tenant farmers. It consists mainly of wage-earners whose economic position is quite as precari ous. and whose drunkenness and crim inality (If they are drunken and crim inal) are equally rooted in their eco nomic insecurity. Why wouldn't It be a good idea; Instead of spending money, time, energy and enthusiasm to make a "dry" state which will surely be full of drunkards remember Maine's appallingly high rate of drunkenness- to work earnestly for a state a nation in which every Individual would have economic security with the chances enormously in favor of the results as to drunkenness and crime being at least as good as they have proved in Ireland? Don't let's allow the "most progres slve country on earth" to lag behind little Ireland! LOUISE OLIVErLEATJ. TEMPERANCE IN ADMINISTRATION Difference Between Abstinence and Prohibition Rale, Says Writer. PORTLAND. Nov. 7. (To the Ed itor. The news columns tell us that Congressman Richmond Pearson Hob son has been made an honorary life member of the World s Woman's Chris tian Temperance Union, and add tho comment of a member of that organlza tlon to the effect that "we now have a temperance Administration at Wash ington." On account of the prevalence of total abstinence principles, it is well that the present Administration at the Na tion's Capital should be designated as a "temperance" Administration. With the liquor Interests firmly Intrenched In power in the Democratic party; with the consumption of alcoholic liquors steadily on the Increase, the public should be made acquainted with the dif ference between a "temperance" ad ministration and a genuine dyed-in-the wool, thoroughly guaranteed prohibl tlon administration. We have never yet had tho latter kind of administra tion to deal with the liquor problem but It will come as soon as the people by their balk 's shall choose the candi dates of the prohibition party to ad minister tn. affairs of government. state or isaf.onai. The trouble with such prohibition laws as we have, in several states, is due principally to the fact that the administration of law is best merely a "temperance" administration. It needs a Prohibition administration thor oughly In sympathy with the law to secure the best results. When the people make -nnlce of that kind of administration, the liquor traf fic will go out of power in politics, and the consumption of liquors will bj very materially decreased. GEO. O. PENDELL Value of Coin. HOLLAND, Or., Nov. 6.-t-(To the Edi tor.) What is the present value of a silver United States 5-cent piece dated 1834? V. L. It Is not listed among the important rare coins for which collectors pay a premium. . HOW TO LIVE ON SALARY OK $90 Correspondent Prevents Flsrnres to Show That It May Be Done. PORTLAND. Nov. 6. (To, the Editor.) The fault of the hlgh-cost-of-llvlng articles lies in their lack of statistics. We should have a schedule showing how it can be done. Reading "A Working Girl's" letter In The Oregonian of even date. I had doubts as to man and wife being able to live on a $90 salary, but my better half, being something of an economist, figures it eut and says it can be done, thusly: ftent .........20 Groceries 30 Light and fuel ................ 4 Water, newspapers, etc. . 2 Carfare 4 Total 100 This will leave a surplus of $360 per year to provide for the following necessaries: 2 suits for friend husband at !14.t8 2 hats for friend husband at 6 shirts for friend husband, at OUc. ft collars for friend husband at 12o 2 suits underwear at $1.48......... 2 ties at 47c d handkerchiefs at 23o. ..... ...... 8 pairs socks at 25c a hair cuttings at 23o 1 lead pencil at .c 29.08 4.06 B.P4 .72 2.08 .04 l.f.O 1.R0 l.SO .03 1 coco-Cola at 6c 1 package chewing- gum at Go...... 2 pairs shoes at S3 .OS .05 6.00 2 suits for Dearie at $30 60.00 2 hats for Dearie at (10 20.00 1 party dress at $17.88 17.98 J pairs shoes at 1 pair slippers at $4. . 4 pairs gloves at S2 Other little thtnea the names of 6.00 4.00 8.00 which need not be given .......... . 23.00 Total , $197.11 Therefore, it will be seen there is a surplus at the end of the year of $162.11. Quite a nice little saving. Of course there might be some incidental expenses, such as pulling teeth, loss of time, sickness or doctor bills, but it Is improbable, and even if they do occur $162.11 ought to take care of such bills and leave something for a rainy day. Of course If a couple Is extravagant In the matter of moving-picture shows, they can't expect to get a start In the world. They can't be too careful about spending money for phonographs and making donations to charity, entertain lnjr lavishly and subscribing for news papers, and any attempt to purchase mining stock will most certainly bring them to want. Christmas presents ma be accepted, but never given; friend husband should work continuously, al ways striving for promotion; the wife should pinch enough money out o grocery allowance to pay the insur ance premiums, and the trading stamps ought to furnish the living-room and den with bric-a-brac My wife says it can be done, and I believe it. R. G. D. GENERAL OVERCHARGE DOUBTED Former Wholesaler Relieves Conntj Saving Is Matter of Packs and Grades. PORTLAND. Nov. 7. (To the Ed itor.) I have noticed various claims made by Rufus Holman as to saving in county buying. I am not accustomed to writing to papers, neither am I a carper against a general buyer, but as taxpayer and ns an ex-wholesale grocer and also as an acquaintance of most of the wholesale and retail grocers of this coast, I think it is a very broad assertion, to say the least, that the present buyer for the county has ef fected a saving of 20 per cent on groceries. I do not believe the whole sale grocers or the retailers who have supplied goods to the county are so dishonest as the report would claim. I notice that the quotations given as savings are without exception on arti cles that fluctuate. Flour is lower probably than last year; coffee, sugar, beans and various other articles are from 1 to 5 cents lower; sugar varies every week; again there is a 20-cent difference between beet and cane sugar. Did the county get beet or cane? Again, as to tomatoes and corn, did the county get Maine or Iowa, or even a cheaper grade? Tomatoes, as every grocer knows, come in three grades standards, solid pack 2 Vis and solid pack 3s, and, of course, vary in price. Would the buyer please specify what they had before? I cannot Imagine what corn they could get in sincrle lots at $1.60. If Mr. Holman or the present buyer can substantiate their claims of such savings on grocrles. I certainly think the people are entitled to know the names of the grocers who have so overcharged in the past, as such broad accusations, if taken by tho public as true, certainly do not sound creditable to the parties who supplied the goods, neither can the matter be hushed up. If there lias been the saving claimed and overcharges made, It appears to me that a suit to recover is In ordor. There is possibly no doubt that over charges have occurred in some In stances, but I respectfully wish to state that I certainly do not believe that it has been general, as that is a direct charge of grafting not only against the supply firms, but also against the sev eral buyers. I would very much like to see the man who can truthfully state he thoroughly posted on prices of all commodities. I certainly can admit I would cheerfully bow to his superior knowledge over all other men. I have had about as much experience with canned goods and certain other lines as most men in the trade, but I cer tainly cannot follow the market and keep posted as our-buyer seems to be. too many packs and grades for me. There Is no doubt that a competent man can save money a man who con fines his attention to buying alone and has nothing else to do should be able to look uo things better than ne partment heads. E. WM. DENT. Problem of a Mother. RAYMOND. Wash, Nov. (To the Editor.) Perhaps among your many readers some one may be sole to sug gest something that will be of help to me. I am a married woman, 33 years of age, not very strong and hardly any education: have two lovely boys, aged six and three years. My husband often chokes, strikes and calls me all sort of names. Now, I want to leave him and would but for the boys. I could make a liv Ing for myself, but not for them with out giving them to some one else to care for, which I can not do. I've tried to think some way out of it, but can get no further than a headache. Some one of your readers may be able to suggest some way out that I could earn enough to care for them without leav ing them. Anything would be better than to have to live with him much longer. A MOTHER. Girl Has Tuller Sunflower. COTTAGE GKOVE, Or., Nov. 6. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian Sun day there was a picture of a man with his 12-foot 7-inch sunflower, with the statement that it was the tallest sun flower raised in Oregon this year. That was a Pig mistake, because 1 raised a sunflower 14 feet and 4 inches tall. I got a prize of 50 cents for it at our fair. My papa and I had just lots of sunflowers taller than Mr. Gross raised. I am almost eight years old. I want to raise more garden next year. Yourt truly. KATHEWNE S1LSBY. Her Second Ilixaband. Houston (Tex.) Post. "My second husband h no more like my first one was tha:t day is like night." - "But remember that you should never speak ill of the dead." "Oh, I had no intention of doing that. On- the contrary." Women na Lectnrrra. Washington (D. C.) Star. "I am convinced," said Mr. .Meekton. "that women are especially qualiiied for the duties of statesmanship." "Why?" "Because mostof the -women I have known were natural born lecturers." Twenty-five Year Ago From The Oregonian of Nov 8, 18SS. New York, Nov. 7. The unofficial vote of all the counties In the state gives Harrison a plurality of 11,191. Senator Quay, chairman of the Repub lican National Committee, says Harri son's election la assured. If the present ratio of Republican gains continues, the majority which Oregon will give Harrison will be close to 8000. The Republicans carry Washington Territory by over 6000 majority. Salem, Nov. 7. Governor Pennoyer today Issued the Thanksgiving procla mation. H. Miley, of Wllsonvllle, Clackamas County, brought to this office two ap ples, of different varieties, which be long to the second crop borne this season by trees In bis orchard. Miss Mary C. Hill, teacher at the Park School, received a diBpatch from Eugene City yesterday morning an nouncing the sudden death of her father. Victor Hill. Charles B. Cardlnell was busy yes terday morning transferring the Wau kegan sailboat-house from the foot of Morrison street to Its Winter quarters. Just below Dunlways wharf. Orchestral Union. This society gives the fifth of its series of three concerts Friday evening, Nov. 9. The soloists are Mrs. E. J. Finck. soprano, and E. K. Hoover, tenor. Never in all the history of Portland has there been so much noise as was heard Tuesday night, and not until 3 o'clock yesterday morning did the harsh notes of the fish-horns cease to be heard and the victorious shouts of the thoroughly-hoarse Republicans die away. Half a Century Ago from Tho Oregonian of November 9, IStlS. Several persons were arrested on suspicion of being the murderers of the miners In the gold fields, when the Sierra Nevada arrived In San Fran cisco. Philip D. Moore has been appointed internal revenue collector for Washing ton Territory, vice H. A. Goldsborough, resigned. Morris Island, Oct. 2 7. Three heavy guns have been turned on Charlestown. each throwing great fire into the heart of the city. Other guns opened on the city this afternoon. Our batteries aro also at work on Forts Johnson. Sumter and Moultrie. The enemy replies reso lutely. Washington, Oct. SO. Lookout "Moun tain was taken on the 28th by our troops under Hooker. General Thomas telegraphed yesterday morning as fol lows: "General Hooker was attacked at midnight and severe fighting ensued. The enemy were repulsed at every at tack and driven from every point they assailed." Sheriff Ladd found a nearly blind man In a shanty on Friday, who had evidently been on a spree. He was in a tiuly pitiable condition and the Sher iff provided him with comfortable quarters at the County Jail. We hope our readers will remember the ball to begin at Metropolis Hall. Vancouver, on Wednesday evening in behalf of the Ladies' Sanitary Aid So ciety. The number of pupils at Portland Academy being so largo as to require an additional teacher, the services of Mr. Deardorf, who formerly taught at Astoria, have been secured. The performance of "Medea." by Mrs. Julia Dean Hayne on Saturday intense ly gratified the audience. A pet elk, seven months old, was brought from Grande Ronde last week. The price demanded for it Is $140. Author of In in nr. GLENADA. Or., Nov. 6. (To the Edi tor.) Please tell me who Is the author of the play called "Ingomar"? This la to settle an argument. N. B. HULL. Maria Anne Lovell. FEATURES For SUNDAY Have You Met Your Double? You surely have one. Every ono ha3 a double and a whole page 13 given up to a reproduc tion of some notable doubles of well-known, persons. Is Woman Inferior to Man? According to a cynical Eng lish specialist she is inferior and bo writes a detailed version of bis views Rnd- conclusions. Boys With ' Millions There are a lot of tbem who have more money than they know what to do with, a subject which is treat ed in an illustrated half page. Theodore Roosevelt In the 34th chapter of his autobiog raphy he tells of happy days in- doors and out at Sagamore Hill. Mr. Bliss and the Highway man An entertaining short story by Montague Glass. The Pleasure Craze Rita Reese writes of some more dan gers the "successful wife" must avoid. Picking a Profession Arthur James engages in a satirical fling at dramatic critics. Can the Filipino Hold the Pace? We have lifted him out of savagery, but the question of whether we should now abandon him to himself has many ob jections. Let's Keep Our Powder Dry So says Lyman Abbott, peace advocate, who writes on tho need of keeping our fighting muscles in trim if we would have peace. Taxing Your Income An au thentic discussion on that per plexing question, which will in terest you whether your income is big enough to tax or not. The Weather To answer the question of what kind of weath er tomorrow will bring, the world is harnessed with an in tricate system. A page in colore de.-cribes the wonderful harness. These are a few of many fea tures. Order today of your newsdealer.