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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 7, 1913)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, j'ULY 7, 1913- PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce as second-class matter. Subscription Hates Invariably In Advance, (BY MAIL.) nally, Sunday Included, one year f"o? Dally. Sunday Included, six months J.-'J Dallv, Sunday Included, three months .. JJauy, Sunday inciuaea, one monin Uailv, without Sunday, one- year Dally, without Sunday, six months -Dally, without Sunday, three months Daily, without Sunday, one month, . tVe kly. one year - Sunday, one year ....- Sunday and Weekly, one year tBI CARRIER) Dal.;-, Sunday Included, one year . . Dallv. Sundav included, one month 75 6. On 3.23 1.75 .60 1.50 2.60 8.50 9.00 .75 How to Remit Send postofrice money or der, express order or personal check on local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give postofllce address in lull, including county and state. Postage Rates 12 to 1 pages, 1 cent; IS to S2 pages 2 cents; 34 to 4S pages. 3 cents, 60 to 60 paxes. 4 cents: 62 to 7a pases. 0 cents: 78 to 02 pages. 6 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conk lln. New York, Brunswick building. Chi cago, Steger building. San Fnn -!-. Office R. J. Bldwell Co.. 742 Market street. European Office No. 3 Regent street S. W"., London. TORTIAND, MONDAY, Jtl.Y 7, 1913. PtTLL DEFEATS JCSTICE. Democratic leaders in Congress may well endeavor to prevent or re strict inquiry into the McReynolds iMcNab scandal. The closer inquiry is made, the worse appears the con duct of the Attorney-General. He has attempted to create the Impres sion that he knew nothing of the evil consequences of postponing the Dlggs-Camlnetti case when he or dered the postponement; that what ever objections had been made had slipped his memory and that he was sruiltv of nothing worse than an oversight. He accuses Mr. McNab of publishing the reasons for resigning in order to make political capital, The records contradict every state- ;ment he makes and create impres slon opposite to that which he strives to give. On Mav 16. little more than a month prior to his' order of post 'ponement, Mr. McReynolds tele graphed to Mr. McNab for a report - on the Dlggs-Camlnetti case. That proves that it had attracted his at tention. On May 21 Mr. McNab sent his ' report warning the Attorney-General that it was being openly charged that T,rHHr-nl Influence would stOT) the cases and that the prosecution would be "fixed," and demanding instruc l tlons by wire to proceed. On May 27 Mr. McReynolds or dered that the trials proceed. That Droves that he had been warned against political Influence and had needed tne warning. On June 3. Mr. McNab wrote to the Attorney-General Informing him that the elder Caminetti had made reDeated telegraphic requests for ; postponement. Mr. AiciaD says: I have no hesitancy In saying that the Government's case will be Impaired by a lorn delav. -Witnesses whom It Is material the Government should use mav not be ' available If postponement be granted; evi- ' dence at hand may be difficult to secure , later. In this letter Mr. McNab went on to say that he had written to immi- gration Commissioner Camlnett, "in- forming him of the condition of the - public mind and saying to him that " both he and this office will be sub lected to the bitterest public criticism if the cases again be postponed. That is warning No. 2. On May 28 Mr. McNab renewed his protest against delay, saying: The comment has been freely Indulged .In that unlimited Influence would be brought to bear at Washington, either Indefinitely to defer the cases, if not to dismiss them. That Is warning No. 3. But a warning came from another quarter. C. K. McClatchy, editor of the Sacramento Bee, telegraphed to Secretary of the Interior Lane a mes sage for the Attorney-General, which was delivered to that official, saying that he had a strong intimation from leading Democrats of a systematic effort to have the trials dropped or postponed "for the weakening of the prosecution" and continuing: It would be an infamous outrage If this -were accomplished. It would be a reproach to any Department of Justice which would permit this or even acquiesce therein. It wouiu say 10 ine peupie OI caniurum mm there Is one law for wretches without friends and a totally different law for wretches with political pull, and It woul provoke universal contempt for all law In this section of California. . That is 'warning No. 4. Commissioner Caminetti wrote to Mr. McNab on May 2 3 demanding a postponement. Mr. McNab, on May 27, refused, saying: , Your well-known political prominence has already brought forth suggestion that the case has been continued for political reasons. On June 1 Mr. Caminetti tele graphed to Mr. McNab, again asking postponement and again the request was refused. Then began the efforts to secure delay through what an Eastern news paper has well named "courtesy of the Cabinet." Through Secretary Wilson Mr. Caminetti obtained from the Attorney-General what he could not obtain from the stiff-necked Mc---Nab. Mr. Wilson asks us to believe that he had to insist on Mr. Cami nettl's seeking that which Mr. Cami netti had been pulling every political wire to obtain. Mr. Wilson must have known about the white slave cases. ' When we are asked to believe that ...he knew nothing of Mr. Caminetti's earnest desire for delay of the trials. .'too strong a draft is made on our - credulity. Mr. Wilson required an : -excuse for intervention on behalf of his subordinate and he found it in - the need that Mr. Caminetti remain c in Washington to learn his duties. i;' In face of four warnings three - from Mr. McNab directly and one from Mr. McClatchy through Secre- tary Lane that political pull would ' be used to procure delay, Mr. Mc- r Reynolds asks us to believe that he did not see through this specious plea he who has been for years en gaged in tracing out the dark de signs of trusts. He yields to pull , as t, soon as it comes irom a uaDinet col league, heedless of the protest which l ha3 come through that other Cabinet colleague. Mr. Lane. When Mr. Mc , Nab indignantly resigns and accuses him of having yielded to the influ- ences against which he has been Ve- t.peatedly warned, he can still think of nothing but politics; he gives no " thought to outraged justice, for he says: "A Republican has resigned. I am shedding no tears." When a storm is raised, he with r an assumption of innocence says: 7 It did not occur to me that any' malign - motive would be -attributed to me. opportunity of recalling my attention to 'the peculiar conditions . . . - 1 should have jftven earnOHt consideration to hln sug i aestionn and could have - acted with the ' conditions fresh in my mind. For heaven's sake, how often did the man wish to have his mem ory refreshed? Is he verging on paresis? He proceeds to impute political motives to the very man who had warned him against the wiles of men who would use , political pull. Mr. McNab had said: "They have dug a pit for you," showed him where the pit was and stuck a danger flag beside it. Mr. McReynolds walked Into the pit and then denied he had been warned and charged the very man who had warned him with digging it. HOPK AND WOOL.. Mr. Atchley and The Oregonian do not seem to have the same under standing of the meaning of the word hope." Hope is desire accompanied by expectation. It also means re liance. "The Lord will be the hope of his people." say the scriptures, but our theologians have never con strued this promise to mean that the Lord is an uncertain or fickle friend. Those who start out in life or begin business anew with positive assurance of success are fortunate- but rare. Hope defines the average state, so the statement as to the wool growers' future, which Mr. Atchley criticises elsewhere, is to our mind a proper expression concerning their fate. We would remind our correspond ent that cheapness is a relative term. An all-wool suit at the present price of shoddy would not help one whose earning power had been destroyed. The woolgrowers recourse with his industry destroyed is not wholly a matter of his going to work at plow ing, sowing and reaping. Land in Oregon now devoted to sheep grazing is, as a rule, . nt for nothing else, Sheep grazing, too, is practically the only immediate benefit Oregon de rives from the forest reserves The estimated saving on a suit of clothes as a result of free wool is 50 cents. The- value of sheep in Ore gon exceeds $12,000,000. The people of Oregon would have to' purchase 24,000,000 suits of clothes or about 35 for every man, woman and child before the loss of all the sheep-woujd be offset. This illustration is not given with the idea that every sheep in Oregon will disappear upon the advent of free wool. But it does Indicate that Oregon citizens must buy clothes and woolen fabrics hand over fist if they hope to balance the ledger against the harm that will be caused the sheep-growing industry by free wool Our Democratic friends may be con fident that after important local In dustries are hampered the people of Oregon will still have the wherewithal to make the purchases that will represent the free-trade savings promised the consumer, but we look upon the destroying or deteriorating of resources as dangerous business. NON-PARTISAN NO LONGER. When the Payne-Aldrich bill was before the Senate, Senator Chamber lain voted for the present duty on raw wool. He voted for that provi sion of the Republican tariff bill on the theory that the wool industry of Oregon, and of other states, was en titled to this protection. Now Sena tor Chamberlain proposes to reverse himself, and vote to place raw wool on the free list, thereby voting against his own judgment, and to the detri ment of the wool industry of the West. He" will Justify this vote on the ground that he must preserve his party regularity, and stand by the Democratic President. To make a record for himself. Senator Chamberlain went before the finance subcommittee and urged the placing of a duty of 15 per cent on raw wool; he voted for such an amendment when the bill was con sidered in caucus, and he also went to the White House with other West ern Democrats to urge the President to consent to this change. Now that these appeals have failed, Senator Chamberlain has decided that he must abide by the decree of the Administration. As a matter of fact, it Is in Sena tor Chamberlain's power to defeat the free wool provision of the Under wood bill. The two Louisiana Sena tors, who intend to vote against the bill because it places sugar on the free list, will join any other two Democratic Senators to defeat the free wool clause, and they have given this assurance time and again. Sen ator Walsh, of Montana, is ready to join the Louisiana Senators, if a fourth Democrat will come in and vote against free wool, but he is not disposed to waste his vote, and open ly break with the Administration, unless, by breaking, he can accom plish something. So if Senator Cham berlain would array himself with Senator Walsh and the two Senators from Louisiana, he could defeat the free wool clause, and force a duty of 15 per cent. This is especially true, because Senator Culberson, of Texas, is ill and will not be able to vote on the tariff bill, even though Senator Poindexter, of Washington, . in pay ment for favors received from the Democrats, votes with them. This sacrifice may gain for Mr. Chamberlain the indorsement of President Wilson when the Oregon Senator opens his campaign for re election. It may cause three Cabinet members who expect to visit Oregon this Summer or Fall to put in a good word for him. It may obtain for him other Democratic favor. But will Dem ocratic indorsement help a candidate In Oregon? -Senator Chamberlain must certainly abandon the non partisan attitude. He was elected during a Republican National Admin istration, from a Republican state, as a non-partisan. But he is a dyed-in-the-wool -Democrat now that the Democratic party is in control of the Government. The expression may be written, "died-in-the-wool" at obse quies in November, 1914. AN IDEAL RURAL COMMLKITV. How rural life is made both profit able and enjoyable, therefore at tractive, was illustrated to the American Agricultural Commission at Totmegyer, Hungary. The Ameri cans were welcomed by the peasants with shouts at the People's House, built by co-operation, bands played, girls danced and luncheon was served. Then they , were shown . the spotlessly clean homes of the people, the butcher shop, sausage shop and bak ery, operated by the village co-operative society, the library of 600 vol umesv the three bowling alleys and the tennis ground, all maintained in the same manner. They were told of the Winter entertainments given in the big hall of the People's House. They learned' of the co-operative credit society, which has 368 mem bers, a capital of $4520, deposits of $18,400 and in 1912 handled $25,200. What wonder that the boys of this village have no desire to leave for the towns, but are content to marry the village girls and stick to their farms? What wonder that American farmers' sons and daughters flee from the dreary isolation and lack of neighborhood co-operation of our rural districts? They have no Peo ple's Houses, no gypsy bands, no dancing girls, no library, no bowling alleys, no tennis grounds, no library or Winter entertainments. The farmers have no co-operative bank to find use for their surplus or to lend them money. They sell' their crops to the city buyer, each for. himself, and buy their supplies at the country store. Had we the small farms of Hun gary, had we tne good roaas, tne social spirit and the 'impulse to pull together in the common interest, our rural population might be gathered areund such centers as Totmegyer, and the village boys might be con tent to marry the village girls and stick to the farm. ULSTER WARLIKE.. Does Ulster mean it? is the ques tion that England and Scotland are asking themselves. By Ulster in this connection is meant that corner of Ulster ' which is mainly Scotch-Irish and Protestant. The people of that section openly proclaim that they will forcibly resist any attempt to subject them to an Irish Parliament. Sir Edward Carson, their leader, is going about the country telling great meetings that they never will submit so long as they can raise their right arms. He is trying to arouse the feeling of kinship in Scotland and religious prejudice in both kingdoms. Arms are being imported and Orange men are organizing and drilling. Ulster's threats caused laughter at first, but the impression grows that they may be followed up by deeds. In our own Civil War, neither thought at first that the other was in earnest; only hard blows brought conviction. ADVICE TO FARMERS. A great deal of the excellent advice given so abundantly to farmers in agri cultural papers and college bulletin" misses the mark, because it omits some essential point. It is useless to preach the same doctrines to the Wil lamette Valley farmer and his brother in Eastern Oregon, for they work un der conditions radically different. Neither soil nor climate is the same for them. Much of the farmers' lit erature which circulates so widely is devoted to theoretical exhortation. "Plant loganberries, sow alfalfa, raise hogs" are the cries, but the enthusi astic exhorters neglect to tell how their precepts are to be applied in prac tice. This is particularly the case with the many stimulating articles about alfalfa which we have been privileged to read. They tell the farmers that alfalfa is the best forage crop he can grow. It is more nutritious than any other. It produces more abundantly and it is best for the land. All this is true, but it is pointless as long as the man who reads it does not know how to make alfalfa thrive on his farm. Hundreds of progressive farmers have sowed alfalfa, carefully following all available directions and have not succeeded with it. It cometh up like a flower and grows a few inches and then It withereth away. What is the matter with it? The local Solomons all have their opinions. One says the subsoil is too firm. Another thinks it was planted in the wrong time of the moon. A third lays the blame on the lack of inoculation. Now nothing is more certain than that inoculation alone will not make alfalfa thrive. Nor is deep soil the only requisite. These points are . valuable, but it has been ascertained by scientists that alfalfa will not grow well on a soil that lacks lime. When a man makes up his mind to sow this most valuable crop his first step should be a test of his soil for lime. Unless that element is abundant he must supply it. If he fail to do so his seed will be wasted and his hopes disappointed. From this time forward every article urging farmers to grow alfalfa ought to begin with the pre cept, "test your soil for lime." What good does it do to publish tables of the merits of alfalfa as long as the farmers find themselves baf fled every time they experiment with It? Chemistry, like the other sciences. is becoming more essential every day to successful farming. The time has gone by when deep-throated exhorta tion will pass for instruction in agri culture. What is wanted is scientific fact. More than any other man the farmer needs an all-round education Narrow rule of thumb training proves its uselessness to him in every direc tion. The ideal farm paper of these times is one that goes straight down to sci entific principles in its articles. Vague preachments may have been well enough when it was supposed that the Lord supplied growing crops with all the nurture they required. Our nu merous failures with alfalfa demon strate that .some other help is needed at least with that crop. A little lime will go farther with it than many ser mons. BANKS ARE HANDED A LEMON. The great inducement held out to the banks to accept the terms laid down by the new currency bill for membership in the Federal reserve banks is the opportunity to rediscount their paper. A country bank in the Western wheat fields or the Southern cotton fields or the Oregon and Cal- fornia orchard regions is led to ex pect that notes it has taken to secure loans for harvesting . and crop- carrying can be rediscounted at Fed eral reserve banks. Thus the devel opment of the country is to be pro moted and the bank's facilities for do ing business are to be enlarged. But when the country bankers ex amine the provisions of the' bill re lating to rediscounts, they find re strictions which render these provi sions useless to them. Federal re serve banks are forbidden to discount notes for internal trade having more than forty-five days to run. When their cash reserve exceeds one-third of their demand liabilities, they may discount paper having forty-five to 120 days to run, but not more than half the paper discounted for any depositing bank must have a maturity of more than sixty days. As a matter of fact, practically all agricultural ana commercial paper runs from ninety to 120 days. Hence a bank discounting a ninety-day note would have to carry it for forty-five days before it could legally rediscount a 120-day note for seventy-five days If the reserve bank were loaded with cash, it might rediscount a certain proportion of a bank's paper having from forty-five to sixty days to run and a further limited proportion which would mature in more than sixty days. The forty-five days dor ing which a bank must carry Its notes would probably be the very period during (which it most needed to rediscount, for they would extend over most of the harvest season. By the expiration of that period, the first loans made for that season would be repaid and the pinch would be relieved. The privilege of redis counting paper having a longer ma turity than forty-five days is largely delusive, for the harvest season is pre cisely the period when the reserve banks' funds would be . low. Hence, we may consider that forty-five days would ordinarily be the limit. This is the sort of Dead Sea fruit the banks are asked to buy by sur rendering control of one-fifth of their capital and one-twentieth of their de posits to a reserve bank which is to be governed .in general by a board of seven Presidential appointees, only one of whom need be a banker, and in particular by a board of nine men, three of whom are to be appointed and three more of whom may be re moved by the President. On this large proportion of their resources the banks are never to be allowed to loan more than 5 per cent and may earn as much as the President's seven wise men dictate. The country banks have discovered that the fruit offered them by Sen ator Owen and Representative Glass is not an orange but a lemon, and they are murmuring as loudly as their city brothers about .surrender ing their National charters and doing the best they can under state law. President Wilsoji will discover that he ' may -be' able to establish a Bryanized' banking system, but he cannot compel the banks to operate under it. In that respect the banks are not as helpless in the power, of the Government as the railroads, yet it is proposed to take the direction of their own business out of their own . hands far more than was the case with the railroads. ' Of the population of the United States 14.7 per cent were, foreign born in 1910, but the Immigrants are so crowded in the Eastern States that the native-born population of native parentage is in a small minority. In New York city two-fifths of the peo ple are foreign-born, two fifths na tive of foreign parentage -and only one-fifth of native parentage. Passaic, N. J., has 5 2 per cent foreign-born and only 13.8 per cent of native par ents. Lawrence, Mass., the scene of the woolen mill strike, has 4 8.1 per ent foreign-born, 37.9 per cent na tive of foreign parentage and 13.6 per cent of native parentage. So it goes with all the great Eastern manufac turing towns. To find the genuine American, we must look in the West, which is populated by the best na tive blood of the East of former gen erations. The West, too, , the new home of the native American stock, is the source from which spring the great movements for progress. Because the three years' military service required in Germany brings some families near to bankruptcy by depriving them of the services of stal wart sons, advocates of disarmament argue that military service in general is ruinous. But in some countries. where conscription prevails, the time of actual service is only a few weeks in each year. Lord Roberts proposes that all able-bodied Britons undergo two or three months' training in each of two years, then a few weeks in the third year and has obtained pledges from employers to keep men's positions open for them. That would physically Improve the man, -put him in condition to fight 'when his coun try needed him and not derange business. . That is a very different thing from three years' continuous service. The Pennsylvania Legislature has made a beginning of bringing the marriage law into harmony with eugenics. It has forbidden the grant ing of marriage licenses to persons either of whom is imbecile, under guardianship as of unsound mind or subject to a transmissible disease. Nor may a man marry within five years of having been in a county- asylum' or poorhouse unless he can prove that the cause of his condition has. been removed or that he is able to support a family. The states are gradually closing in on the matri monially unfit. ' Pennsylvania has selected the daisy as the state flower. What association of Ideas is there between the state of Quay, Penrose and Flinn, of the oil trust, the steel trust and the coal trust, of the motto "addition, divi sion and silence," ana the simple flower of the meadow? As well might the Keystone State , have selected the modest, shrinking violet. That flower is still unclaimed. No state is will ing to proclaim itself modest. It is most appropriate that the first monument to Theodore Roosevelt is to be erected at Birmingham, Ala., to commemorate his distinguished services in allowing the steel trust to absorb the Tennessee Coal & Iron Company. Of course. George - W, Perkins will be present-at the unveil ing. So will Frank Munsey. Some may regard this as a solemn piece of sarcasm at the expense of the Colonel. One creamery In a valley town is making 6000 pounds of butter a day. That means nearly $2000 added to the money in local circulation day byAday. It is an easy way to spell prosperity and ' the example is good for fifty more, towns in the valley, big or little. Wilson is having., his first days of rest, guarded by the usual secret serv ice shadows. Meanwhile the fellows who really need the offices are count ing the days. By the time Bryan gets his thirty powers to consent to general world peace, -a. few of the ambitious will begin hostilities. Young bank robbers' In Oregon de serve punishment. They may hurt somebody the; first they know and "be sorry." In these days of handy divorce, the couple that celebrates a golden wed ding deserves special honor and gets it. : "When Johnnie comes marching home again" from Gettysburg, he will stay at home. Once in fifty years is plenty. Hon. Milt Miller's smile Is as placid as ever, but if confirmation does not soon come it may crack in spots. The holidays are over, patriotism is ebbing and nothing but work is in sight today. ' I Professor Frost will put the almanac makers out of business. EFFECT OF CLOTHES OX MORALS That Much Garmented Figure? Prevents Profligacy is Denied. PORTLAND. July 6. (To the Edi tor.) Many good people are unneces sarily exercised over the supposed im modesty -of women's dress. Their fear some cry, "What are we coming to?" is a superfluous and unprofitable vexa tion of spirit. We are coming out all right. Just give us time. To reassure some who may be on the verge of hysteria because they be lieve women are showing too much of their arms or necks or shoulders or the curves that swell upward from the ankle, let me ask how could it be otherwise, since we have at last been recognized as human beings? Too much sex appeal in dress today, say the rigid .moralists. Very well, let us adopt the Moslem custom of veiling all women or garbing them in unsightly or gloomy dress except when the lord of the harem Is about. But is there no middle course? Not in a free country Either women must be completely hid den or made positively unattractive in dress or the deadly sex appeal will get In Its work. So the situation resolves itself into this: If a. woman has charm, depend upon it she will insist upon showing it some way or other. None but a visionary ascetic would think it possible in this day and age to compel an attractive woman to mask or dis figure herself' in an ugly gown. If a woman is plain or hbmely there's no need of artificial dowdiness. In either case, the crusade against women set ting off the charms they have is bound to fail. . And why shouldn't it fail? There is no connection between a fashion of many clothes and high morality, and few clothes and low morality. I should like to see the scientific moralist who could supply the detailed proof, taking a good broad look at humanity the world over, that in point of history and geography much clothing is always accompanied by. the greatest chastity or little - clothing alVvays results in profligacy. Look up the matter in some work on anthropology -or evolu tionary morals and you'll find that morality Is really fostered by not hid ing the body too much and making it too mysterious. Besides, there Is' the biological prin ciple of sexual selection operating to" improve the race. Clothes "these troublesome disguises which we wear," in the Puritan poet. Milton's classic phrase may often hide serious phys ical defects that for the sake of race betterment ought to be known. As for female modesty, that has no relation to dress in itself at all. Mod esty in personal adornment means merely customary covering. Among some tribes the women feel terribly embrassed only when they haven't the usual string of beads about their necks. Otherwise absence of clothing means nothing to them. The Turkish woman thinks it exceedingly immodest to be seen in public with her face exposed. A chorus girl would probably feel very 111 at ease if she had to walk down the street in tights. On the stage she doesn t mind it. Ladies who wear ex treme decollete in a ballroom and feel much- at home would think it Indeco rous to be seen shopping in the same costume. As soon as men get used to women's greater freedom In dressing their tender moral sensibilities will no longer be outraged. "Wherever women have been free they have never hesitated to show their pnysicai cnarms. The tact tnat tney are now doing so more and more rranKly argues tneir increasing rree- dom. This instinctive tendency Is bi ologically and therefore morally sound, and makes for the good of the Individ ual and of the race. Another generation will see styles modified, no doubt, to a large extent, but not in the direction of more cover ing; rather to permit more unre strained movement. Narrow skirts are not the true type of dress for the mod ern free woman. The style has not yet arrived which embodies the spirit of modern feminism, but it is surely coming. And it is not going to be a mere aping of man's clothes, but an expression of the conscious indepen dence of her sex. Meanwhile, let us take courage. The world is not the road to perdition How else can we women learn except by living? As H. G. Wells says, "The wise make of their errors a ladder; the foolish, a grave." MISS R. V. M. HOPE AND OREGON WOOLGROWERS Mr. Atchley Thinks Them Bright Enough to Have Cinch on the Future. PORTLAND, July 4. (To the Edl ton) Suppose your worst fears are realized, that free wool destroys th American market for the American producer, why do you say that thi same producer "will have nothing left but the hope of making a living s something else?" Why mere "hope why not the same assurance as the rest of us? Has the enjoyment of spe cial privilege destroyed all independ ence, initiative ana efficiency. as Democratic leaders aver? They con tend that when the stimulant is re moved, when special privilege is cured of its drunkenness, a reaction wll bring about natural conditions, and these same individuals will become th most efficient of any in the world. Ap parently you believe the deadly effect of the tariff drug has been much more insidious than Democrats claim, if its removal leaves erstwhile beneiiciarie merely a hope of making a living a something else. Most of us believe that those who have been smart enough to convince u that . our salvation depended upon taxing ourselves tor their benefit wil not suffer in competition, with us whe they are put on the same plane i making a living. Perhaps the greatest danger will be that when we no longer willingly submit to being robbed the will do it without our consent, but w are willing to take our chances in that respect, and so they have nothing to fear. Further, you say, "The Democratl campaign for free wool is a campaign for cheap wool. A cheap suit for every man, woman and child, made from wool from any country but America will be a proper Democratic slogan Now, wouldn't it be awful if every man woman and child should be able to get an all-woolen suit for what the have been paying lor shoddy? Can you imagine a greater calamity? Surely it will add greatly to the tears of th poor woolgrower, already weeping be cause he has to plow, sow and reap instead of raising sheep. Ah, this glorious Independence day No longer shall it be said in Israel "We should worry like a rabbit and get skinned." GEORGE T. ATCHLEY Prince's Dos Finds Jewel Thief. European Edition N. Y. Herald. Prince Louis d'Orleans gave evidence at the Selne-Inferieure Assizes, when Louis Nleutin, a man servant, was sen fenced to four years' imprisonment for the burglary at the Chateau d Eu o August 16. 1912. . The capture of the burglar was du to the Prince's little dog, which at tracted its master s attention by bark ing furiously near the door of the grand salon. Concealed behind the door the Prince discovered Nieutin dismissed servant, who was armed with a revolver and a dagger. The burglar was quickly overpowere and it was found that he had stolen the gold crowns, set with diamonds, from the royal regalia, besides valua ble jewelry and a thousand-franc note belonging to the Comtesse d'Eu. New Stenographer In Scolded. New York Globe. Stenographer -What is wrong, Mr Grimbattle? Mrs. Grimbattle You've spelled Henry with a capital H. Don' you know that Henry is a mere man name? HOLD-IP OF COMPENSATION L.AW Mr. Bstr'a Believes He Can Identify Backer's of Referendum. PORTLAND, July 6. (To the Edi tor.) I have read with interest the article written by William Mackenzie, Secretary of the Steam Engineers' Union of this state, and in reply to his question as to why I failed to mention specifically the person or persons who did refer the compensation act beg to state that I was not aware that I was engaged In making charges but rather defending agents and casualtv com panies from the unsupported allega tions and misrepresentations of those who are constantly seeking to poison the public mind by pointing the finger of suspicion toward innocent parties in order that those who are guilty may escape free from any censure that their own acts might otherwise arouse. As a matter of fact, I do know to my own personal satisfaction that' two persons, one of whom represents a labor organi zation and the other an attorney, are solely responsible for having ref- rended the compensation act, one of the parties having admitted same to me, although so far as their relations casualty companies and general gents are concerned it is about as close as to the steam engineers' union. Mr. Mackenzie in commenting on my reference to the compensation laws of New Jersey, Michigan and Massachu- etts states: "These were all purely lective laws granting the power to mployers still to deal with casualty companies as heretofore," and I take xception to this comparison as grossly- misleading, because casualty companies eretofore have lndemnined tne sured for employers' liability and the new laws would Impose on mem m- emnity for compensation, in which vent the casualty companies' relations to the employers would be no different than that of the proposed state admin- stration: furthermore, under the state aws referred to. the employers have the right to choose the method of ad ministration best suited to their in dustry and are under no compulsion to favor stock companies. As a matter or fact, in New Jersey the operation ot the law is such that there is no go between between the employer and the employe so far as relates to settle ment of compensation unless the em ployer desires to avail himself of some medium for this purpose. It is for this reason that I contend that the Michigan act is a slight im provement over the New Jersey act having in mind the possible Insolvency of the employer and the protection of the employe. Under this act the em ployer Is required to choose one of the following four methods of adminis tration: First Insure with the state. Second Insure with the state mutuals. Third Insure with stock companies. Four Go without any indemnity on furnishing satisfactory evidence to the nsurance commissioner of his solvency to pay the scale provided for in the ct. If the employer is looking for effi ciency and the cheapest method, there s sufficient latitude in the above at east to suggest competition along these lines without a monopoly, and the employe's payment of compensa tion is safe guarded at all times. If the public wishes to turn over to the state all the functions now performed by private organizations and build up an exclusive monopoly with its sure and steady increase in cost as the system becomes better . understood by its beneficiaries, this can be most surely accomplished by making the state the sole administrator or any compensation act, and by so doing it is only a question of time before we will have a race of three fingered men, as we have an inherent fondness and in creasing tendency for wanting to draw pensions. It takes from five to ten vears of operation to prove the con clusiveness of . my deductions and If you can arrive at any other conclusion after a thorough review of the German and Norway, acts, then my investiga tions along this line of thought have been in vain. I have previously admitted that I will support a compensation act involving state administration as long as it gives other proved methods an equal chance, but I will Just as vigorously oppose any exclusive state administration as I will actively support the other idea. PAUL C BATES. SECTION DISTURBED BY WHISTLES Visitor Notes Annoyances From Unnec essary Noises. PORTLAND, July 6. (To the Editor.) -Please allow a Georgia visitor to Portland, in behalf of the residents of Westmoreland and Eastmoreland sec tions, to say a word about the unnec essary whistling of the locomotives of the Southern Pacific Railway. Westmoreland and Eastmoreland are a part or tne great city, ana its people have a right to tne same protection that is given the people of the central portion of the city. I hail trom tne thriving little city of Rome, Ga.. where locomotive whistling is controlled by city ordinance and by the good sense of the engineers. Running through the valley of West moreland and Eastmoreland the trains necessarily make a great deal of noise; to add to that noise by useless whis tling is confusion confounded. It is especially in behalf of the mothers and babies, whose slumbers are so sorely disturbed, that I make the appeal to the engineers of the South ern Pacific to refrain from whistling when passing through this valley. The proximity of the great Reed Col lege to this favored section is building it up very rapidly and bringing a class of people that would do honor to any community. While I have been able to Influence locomotive engineers of Rome, Ga., in regard to whistling, I have never been able to persuade the manufacturers, which are making Rome famous, to let upon their stationary engine whis tling. having made Rome, they reserve all the rights of a maker. Portland and Rome sound well- but they were not built on sounds. They Were built on merit and good citizen ship. JOHN H. REYNOLDS. Clocks In Glove and Stockings. Harper's Weekly. The three marks on the back of a u-iove and the clocks on a stocking are due Dractically to the same circum stance. The glove marks correspond to the fourchette pieces between the fingers, and in other days these pieces were continued along the back of the hand, braid being used to conceal the seams. A somewhat similar origin is as signed to the ornamental clock on the stocking. In the days when stockings were made of cloth, seams occurred where the clocks do now, the orna mentation then being used to conceal the seams. The useless little bow in the leather band lining a man's hat is the survival of the time when a hat was made-by taking a piece of leather, boring two holes through it, and drawing it up with- a piece of string. More of a Harassed Author. London Punch. Harassed Author (annoyed by the barking of a dog) Have you told your mistress that the dog must be made to stop barking? Servant Please, sir, mistress says it doesn't matter now that baby's awake. Troubles of an Officeholder. Washington (D. C.) Star. "This office you are applying for will reauire your constant attention. warned the eminent official. "That's all right. , I don't believe I will have to hustle any harder ' to hold it than I have done to get it. Twenty-five Years Ago .: From The Oregonian of July. 7, 1SSS. Salem, July 6. William . ' Landreth, murderer of his stepdaughter, Syramle Ellis Antle, paid the penalty of hia crime on the gallows at Dallas today. Seattle, July . .6. In the firemen's tournament one of the East Portland boys was badlv iniured. The run down was made in excellent time; but llllam Sprajrue, nozzle man, forget ting that he was not In the same har ness as at home, jumped out at right angles and was thrown into the air as high as the harness would allow and then dashed to the ground, lighting on his back. He crawled to the coupling on his hands and knees, falling twice In the attempt, and upon attaching the coupling called time and fell back ex hausted. The East Side The grove of fir trees that has stood on the school block on J street, between Tenth and Eleventh. is being cut down. The citizens of Corvallis Included in their celebration of the Fourth the laying of the cornerstone, of a $70,00rt Courthouse, Judge Kelsay delivering an appropriate address. 1 he stone was placed in position by Thomas Mann and John Robertson, of this city. It was pronounced plumb, square and level by D. D. Neer, the architect. J. H. Seeley, the oarsman, is ready to row any man in Oregon, Louis B. Quackenbush of this city preferred, for the championship. At a meeting held Tuesday evening by the board of directors of the Port land Hotel Company AVilliam H. Whid den was selected as architect to take charge of the work of construction. A. P. Burbank, "the Prince of the Platform," will give three of his match less recitals at the Tabernacle on Wed nesday, Friday and Saturday evenings. The Mount Hood illuminating party returned yesterday at noon, after suc cessfully accomplishing their errand. They were given a reception by the Oregon Alpine Club in the evening. Dr. William Eisen was yesterday convicted of criminal libel in writing an article for Oregon Siftlngs de nouncing Rev. C. J. Larsen. PEACE ADVOCATE REAL PATRIOT Abolition of Warfare 3! ore Than a Dream, Says Mr. Ausur, PORTLAND, July 5. (To the Edi tor.) It seems to me that Mr. Watkins. of Marshfield. is needlessly exercised over the baleful influence of the peace advocates, those "well-meaning folks who, in their zeal for peace, unwit tingly do more harm than good." The gentleman from Marshfield adduces as evidence of the harm done by the peace advocates the instance of the Spanish American War and seems to argue that the position taken by them at that time led the Spaniards to think that the Americans were cowards and that on that account they attacked us. If Mr. Watkins will read the history of the unfortunate period he will learn war was declared by the United States and not by Spain. This fact ought to convince him that the Spaniards did not attack us because they thought us cowards. It is absurd to charge that the peace advocates precipitated this or any other war. The guilty parties who egged this country on to fight the Spaniards were the sugar interests in Cuba and their allies, the editors of the- yellow press. Mr. Hearst has boasted that he brought on the Spanish-American War. What the peace advocates are trying to do is to en courage such sane thinking that 'such a war will In the future be Impossible. Mr. -Watkins says "Universal peace and universal brotherhood of man are beautiful dreams that can never be realized until men are cast In the same mold." It was not so very long . ago that men were no doubt saying the abolition of slavery, of torture as an aid to justice, of the duel as the most effective means of settling disputes between individuals, that the abate ment of religious intolerance were all beautiful irridescent dreams that never could be realized because of the in herent inhumanity of man and the unchangeableness of human nature. And yet civilized men everywhere have come to see the absurdity of these evils. Shall we say that "until all men are cast in the same mold" they will continue to cling to the crowning absurdity of all the resort to war as the best means of settling their dif ficulties? "Why play he poltroon?" queries Mr. Watkins, implying that this is the part played by the peace advocates. Dr. David Starr Jordan, Dr. Nicholas Mur ray Butler, Mr. Carnegie. Mr. Bryan et al. Is he a poltroon who prefers to submit his differences with his neighbor to the courts rather than re sort to shooting? Are they poltroons who, instead ot fighting it out in the heat of passion, sit calmly down 'and resort to reason? I fear that all this talk of dicta tion on the part of The Hague Court, "unflinching courage," "cowards," and "poltroons" is false patriotism. The best patriot is -hot " the irresponsible Jingo but the man or woman who strives to create the frame of mind : that will make war-panic and its dread consequences impossible. HERBERT B. AUGUR. From Brown To Smith. Boston Transcript. "So Miss Brown is married. Well, I'm not surprised. She always despised her own name for its commoness, and declared she would change it at the first opportunity. By the way, whom did she marry?" "A Mr. Smith." The Glories of Summer are intensified when you are properly outfitted to enjoy them. Why stick to unseasonable things when so many opportu nities to buy cool and comfort able Summer clothes abound 1 All you need do is to follow the advertising columns of The Oregonian. If it is something in cool and becoming dresses, waists, hats, shoes and dainty underwear, you are sure to find it in The Oregonian. If you are a man and want outer and nether wear that will blow the heat off the perspir ing faee of July, look into the advertising columns of The Ore gonian. If you need cooler things for the children you'll find them advertised in The Oregonian. If it's something for the home, something to drive out the glare and bring in the' coolness, look at the advertising columns of The Oregonian. Something for everybody.