THE MORNING OREGOXIAN, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1913.
6
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j PORTLAND, BATCBJJAT, SEPT. L 191.
5, .
: ROOSEVELT AND WILSON TBCST
POLICIES.
There is marked contrast between
'' the attitude of Roosevelt and that of
Wilson toward the trusts. Both pro
' fess hostility to monopoly, but there
' they part company. Roosevelt re-
1 gards many monopolies as the inevi-
2 tabla- developmeat of modern condl
" tion and would dissolve them only
' where they are considered harmful to
the public interests by a Federal com-
mission, endowed with broad powers.
He would regulate and control all
corporations doing an interstate busi
i ness and would mercilessly pursue
t'any which did not voluntarily submit
to the control of his commission in
i case they committed infractions of
',- the law. Wilson would cut the ground
from under the feet of monopoly by
depriving it of those special privileges
which have been the chief source of
its growth by disentangling the Gov-
' ernment from special privilege. He
would arrest and prevent monopoly
-v and would revive competition "by
changing the laws and forbidding the
practices that killed it and by enact-
: ing laws that will give it heart and
i occasion again."
How Roosevelt would carry out his
5 policy he explained in his confession
1 of faith. He regards as utterly hope-
- 1 less any attempt to control the trusts
he says control, not destroy or dis
. solve by the anti-trust law. He
would create a National industrial
commission to regulate and control
; them, having power to deal with their
abuses and to stop stock watering,
: having free access to their books with
", power to compel publicity of the acts
? of any corporation which goes wrong,
to grant immunity from prosecution
to any corporation coming under the
commission's control which obeyed
. its orders, but to prosecute and break
up any corporation violating its or
5 ders, whether that corporation had
i' voluntarily come under its control or
; not; with power to fix maximum
prices and to regulate wages.
How Roosevelt would exercise the
. power which he proposes should be
t" given the Government must be Judged
from his course while he was Presi
..dent. During that time the number
of trusts grew with such amazing
rapidity that 10,020 plants came under
; their control and their capitalization
multiplied tenfold. He could have
prevented their organization by in
; Junction; if not under the Sherman
r law, then under the common law, but
X he did nothing of the kind. He not
i only permitted the formation of the
steel trust, but tacitly sanctioned its
i absorption of its principal competitor;
though one of his own adherents,
Herbert Knox Smith, has since de-
4 clared that half of this trust's stock
J is water. He refused to prosecute the
J harrester trust. During the entire
seven and a half years of his admin
istration he brought only forty-four
5 suits against trusts, many of which
. were insignificant local affairs, though
great trusts were growing up around
him like weeds. His own course
shows that he does not regard monop
' oly as an evil in itself, to be struck
down by the Government as soon as
it shows its head, but as something
to be coddled or destroyed according
to whether It conformed or did not
conform to certain standards which
,' he would set up. -
Wilson regards monopoly as an evil
j to be fought and scoffs at the Roosa
i velt theory that monopolies will not
use their power for evil, the exercise
V of that power being the very purpose
- for which they are brought into
: istence. By cutting down all those
tariff duties which have bred monop
; oly. he would deprive the trusts of
' the chief source of their power. By
forbidding and punishing the prac
tices which are peculiar to trusts and
the means of their organization and
prosperity, he would drive them out
of existence or compel their reorgani
; zation on a footing where they would
. have no advantage other than that
which their own natural position and
the ability of their managers gave
. them. By thus restoring equal oppor.
tunltv. he would stimulate competi-
tion. In the face of which no monop
oly could stand unless it could com
mand its field in the free and open
straggle of trade. His platform de-
; clares a private monopoly indefensi-
- ble and Intolerable, and maintains
that state law should be supplemented
I by Federal law, which shall lay down
the conditions under which corpora
', tions may engage In interstate trade
and which shall brand as unlawful
those means and practices by which
monopoly is bred and maintained. The
manner in which Wilson would attain
these ends Is shown by the Stanley
v bill, which he is understood to have
' approved.
' Roosevelt regards a trust as a thing
t which may or may not be good. Judg
ment to be based on the way it acts.
-Wilson regards a trust as Inherently
evil. Their points of view and modes
; ! of treatment are therefore diametric
i ally opposite. ,
Another Roosevelt policy has been
' carried out by the Taft administration,
I though Taft gets no credit for it from
Roosevelt or his men. Secretary
."i Fisher has confirmed the cancellation
V, of the thirty-three Cunningham coal
y claims in Alaska and the men who in
-igood faith spent hundreds of thous
. 'ands of dollars in complying with the
law have been made the goats in an
attempt to appease the men whose
' conception of conservation is to bot
tle up Alaska. The development of
" the Alaska coal fields is effectually
stopped. Western Alaska is hermeti
cally sealed, the Navy still imports
roal from the East for the Pacific
fleet at exorbitant prices, and the peo
ple of the Pacific Coast are denied a
supply of cheap coal, which lies at
their doors. Roosevelt should cer
tainly be satisfied ' with this tribute
to the wisdom of his friend,- Plnchot.
THE PEACEABLE. SOCIALISTS.
Mr. ICitching may keep his money.
He offers to give The Oregonian J100
if -it can prove, from the socialist
platform, that the socialist preaches
any kind of a revolution "except a
peaceable revolution of ballots." Cer
taJnJy, certainly. We suppose it was
a peaceable revolution of ballots, and
not bullets, that Debs meant when he
offered to lead a million men into
Idaho to see that Moyer and Haywood
got Justice. Debs and his peaceable
million stayed away, and Moyer and
Haywood escaped Justice. What would
have. happened if the "peaceable" co
ercion threatened by Debs had mater
ialized it is not easy to say.
The Oregonian is not prepared to
assert unconditionally that all pro
gressive legislation in the United
States is to be credited to the
Republican party. That would be
ridiculous. But the Republican party
has been in complete control of the
Federal Goverriment for sixteen years,
though the present Congress has a
Democratic House, and during that
period the progressive movement has
grown and matured, and progressive
legislation has been enacted. Practi
cally no other but Republican states
have fostered so-called progressive
measures. The Democratic states have
done little. William Jennings Bryan,
however, has done a great deal.
, The socialistic platform proposes
a radical programme by peaceable
means, possibly; but if not by peace
abletmethods, what methods? Whence
comes all this menacing talk of "direct
action"? Why the red flag? Is the
red flag the emblem of peace? Why
the "Marseillaise?" Is the "Marseil
laise" the song of peace? Why the
widespread soapbox propaganda of
violent speech and ugly discontent?
When the socialists drop the red
flag and raise the American flag, and
stifle the "Marseillaise" and sing
"America," and teach loyalty and not
eaHitinn. . arirl assure the Dublic that
direct action does not mean defiant
lawlessness and "physical force, tney
will have somewhat more of the gen
eral confidence.
THE "WISE AN6WEB."
We have come across a copy of the
New Grammar School History of the
United States. It is the California
aiata Sorisi "Cnmnllen bv the State
Text-Book Committee and approved by
the State Board of Education" of Cal
ifornia. On page 228 of this book we
And the following faithfully historical
account of an event in early days of
the past century:
During 1806 the States of New Jersey.
Vermont, Pennsylvania. New York, Rhode
Island, Maryland, Georgia and North Caro
lina Invited Jefferson to be president a third
time. For a while he made no reply, but
In December, 1S0T, he declined and gave
this reason: "That I should lay down my
. . am mtirh a (illtV
cnarx, a. yryji -
as to have borne it faithfully. If some ter
mination to the services or me -niei
lstrate be not fixed by the Constitution, or
supplied by practice, his office, nominally
. . in fart hrnma for
lor lour l " " " " -
life: and history shows how easily that
degenerates into an inneniance.
This wise answer was heartily approved
by the people all over the country, and with
Washington's similar action established a
custom which has generally been followed
ever since.
It seems to us that the State Text
Book Committee, with the approvaa of
tho fstata Rnarri nf Education, ought to
compile a new school hlsory at once
for use in the California schools. The
following paragraphs suggest them
selves as suitable additions:
"While in 1807 the solicitation of
oio-ht sratAs failed to divert President
Jefferson from a highly patriotic reso
lution, the plea or seven uovuniuu
tai9 qmsmI Thpndore. Roosevelt to ig
nore a century-old tradition and seek
a third term.
"At a time when the educators of
California were teaching the school
children of the state that Jefferson's
refusal of a third term was a. -wise
answer,' the Governor of California,
urns ram naltmlne; as the running mate
of the first and original third-termer."
STILL A LOOPHOLE.
"You are on trial, not I." said Sen
ator Bourne to the Republican voters
of Oregon when the issue of his re
nomination was before them for con
sideration. "In business, demonstrat
ed efficiency is the sole measure of
retention or promotion of the employe.
Thus It should be in government. I
am giving you the opportunity of
demonstrating that in Oregon such is
the case, and your failure so to dem
onstrate will be your loss, not mine.
You are on trial, not I."
Yet the Republican voters made a
signal failure, in the Senator's eyes, by
falling to nominate him again for of
fice. But is his beautiful faith In the
people shattered? Not a bit of it. He
has come to Oregon, to find out what
was the matter. He has discovered it.
The people did not have a fair trial.
The trouble was that the newspapers
do not "furnish truthful news about
public men."
This discovery is disconcerting to
all newspapers, but It has disturbed
principally our esteemed contempo
rary, the Oregon Journal. The Jour
nal points with pride to the devotion
of its columns to the faithful chron
icling of commendable services Sen
ator Bourne has rendered the state
and Nation. It almost challenges Sen
ator Bourne to omit the Journal from
his baneful Indictment.
The Oregonian adds Its testimony
to the case. The Journal has nobly
defended Senator Bourne and has con
sistently recorded most, if not all, of
his activities in Just the manner, we
should think, the Senator himself
would desire. Yet and the sugges
tion, is made with reluctance and a
somewhat painful sacrifice of. convic"
tion Senator Bourne need- not relin
quish his modest confidence in his own
merit or lose his sublime trust in the
wisdom of the people on that account
Perhaps the people do not read, the
Journal. ...
IRELAND'S HOPES . IN DANCES.
The loss of Midlothian by -the Brit
ish Liberals is the more ominous that
It was brought about by the running
of a Labor" candidate. Who,, split-the
vote by which a. Liberal won at the
previous election. This fact presages
a break-up of the coalition to which
the Asquith government owes Its ma
jority. If after whittling down the
coalition majority by - running third
candidates at bye-electlons and thus
turning over Liberal seats to the To
ries, the Labor party should finally
desert the coalition and Join the
Tories, Asquith might be driven from
power.
The most serious consequence would
be further postponement of Irish
home rule. The home rule bill Is not
yet through the House of Commons,
which is expected to pass It finally
at an adjourned session this Autumn.
Its rejection by the Lords is a fore
gone conclusion and it cannot be again
passed by the Commons until the ses
sion of 1913. The Lords are sure
again to reject it and it cannot become
law without their consent until passed
again by he Commons in 1914. Be
fore that time arrives .Asquith may
have lost more seats at bye-elections
and the Tories.may have succeeded by
intrigue in prying the Labor party
loose from the coalition. That may
bring defeat to the Asquith Cabinet
and force Its resignation.
Ireland has endured the tortures of
Tantalus. Her hopes of autonomy
have been repeatedly "on the eve of
realization when some unforeseen
event has thwarted "them. 'Parnell had
an Irresistible phalanx lined up be
hind him in Parliament In support of
Gladstone's home rule bill, when the
exposure of his relations with Mrs.
Nolan caused Gladstone to denounce
him and drive him into retirement.
The rise of the' Labor party now again
threatens-to break up the forces which
are united -for home rule and to post
pone the assembling of an Irish Par
liament on College Green far into the
future. - '
EDUCATION AND CLOTHES. '
If we ' may believe current reports
the Spokane high school girls are a
great deal more interested in the ap
pearance of their persons on gradua
tion day than they are in the contents
of their minds. The ceremonies come
off next January, which is a long time
ahead, but they have already begun
to wrangle over the all-important sub
ject of what shall be worn. Some fa
vor sailor suits, some prefer cream
colored serge. Party spirit ran high
at the meeting where the momentous
question was debated and perhaps the
class may be divided, some wearing
one uniform and some another.
What a tragedy that would be.
Surely the skies would tremble, if not
fall, were the Spokane school girls to
wear a variety of costumes on gradua
tion day. How empty their heads may
be ion that sublime occasion is not a
subject of much importance. At any
rate it does not seem to trouble either
the girls or their teachers a great
deal. Ardent educational enthusiasts
Vook forward to a time when subjects
other than clothes ajid athletics, fra
ternities and sororities shall be of
prime importance In our schools and
colleges, but perhaps their expectations
are baseless.
Something ak'in to a revolution must
take place In the educational world
before the boys and girls who attend
the high schools will think as much
about their studies as they do about
these extraneous affairs. There must be
some reason for the marked diversion
of their interest from the real pur
pose of the schools, but nobody ap
pears to be able to lay a finger upon it.
One may perhaps surmise that the
students have unconsciously drifted
into the belief that the whole current
scheme of education is rather frivol
ous. They must know perfectly well
that many of the studies which they
are formally If not actually expected
to pursue are Inconsequential. We
may be thankful that they occupy
their minds with interests as Innocent
as clothes. Give them more that is
earnest to work at and they will cease
to be frivolous soon enough.
PROFESSOR SCHAEFKR'S ORIGINAL
ADDRESS.
Readers who are interested in the
progress of thought will be gratified
to learn that Professor Schaefer"s
presidential address before the British
Association has now been published
in this country and is therefore ac
cessible to everybody who wishes to
obtain it. The address is remarkable
for the discussion which It contains of
the origin of life and a scholarly spec
ulation upon the probability of pro
riiif'n llvinn- matter by synthetic
chemistry. Professor Schaefer has
little confidence in any of the current
hypotheses concerning the origin of
living matter on earth. The notion
that it was brought here from. some
other world has no standing because
it mrnriirl i-enuira 60.000.000 years for
it to traverse the distance between us
and the nearest of the fixed stars.
What living being could survive tor
such an interval, even granting that it
could escape all the possible mishaps
of the Journey? It would require 160
years for living matter to reach the
earth from our neighbor Mars, which
Is equal to 60,000,000 as far as its
effect upon this question is concerned.
There is a curious speculation which
seeks to account for the origin of life
in another way. It holds to a doctrine
called "cosmic pansperma," according
to which life is inherent in the me
teoric dust everywhere dispersed
through space. This life-bearing ma
terial slowly sinks through the atmos
phere to the surface of the ' ground
and thus the first -living germs may
have been brought to our sphere. But
Professor Schaefer remarks about all
such theories that they merely evade
the problem of the origin of life. They
do not solve it. They slip away from
the issue by saying that living matter
first appeared in some remote quarter
of the universe which It is out of our
power to investigate. In other words
they tacitly give up the problem as one
that cannot be solved. But Professor
Schaefer believes that it can be solved.
He has no faith In Dr. Charlton Bas
tian's experiments, but there are oth
ers of kindred nature which appear
to him to be strictly scientific and re
liable. Dr. Bastian, as the reader will
remember, seals up certain sterilized
preparations in flasks and after wait
ing for a time fancies that he finds
living organisms in them. Professor
Schaefer says that no eminent scien
tific man except Dr. Bastian himself
has anv confidence in these results.
The"bodies which the experimenter de
tects really exist, of course, but they
only simulate life.
Indeed, Professor Schaefer manes u
..,. ,.i r that it is difficult to dis
criminate between animate and inani
mate matter. The old test or spon
tn.nna mnvRmnnt" is not sufficient,
ir, ihera are a great many colloidal
substances which wriggle about like
living creatures, jvor is ine assimua.
.i tnnA an . adeauate test. This
process goes on among Inorganic sub
stances by the agency ot osmusis u
i i. Tti-ooiaelv the same force which
sucks up nutriment through the walls
of the intestine into - the blood. Nor
can we make growth and reproduction
riirhi, Hiatlnrtion between living
an iinmiiu.u u.w.. -
and inanimate matter, inasmuch as
crystals both grow to a fixed stature
like animals and reproduce their kind
is sufficient nutriment
provided. Indeed there is no satisfac-
torv criterion oy wiutn Kicute
j.inttaiv rttarriminate between sub
stances which are alive and those that
are not. This, in iroiessor cscnaeiers
view, is ,a hopeful circumstance be
cause it seems to Indicate that he line
between life and death is illusory. The
inorganic passes Into the organic by
transitions so minute that they cannot
be traced.
He has a pretty clear concept of
the way life might perhaps have be
gun on earth. That it originated in
the depth of the ocean, as many im
agine, he does not hold to be a settled
point by any means. The conditions
in the soil are probably more favor
able for the mystic transformation,
since in that ' situation matter is sub
ject to a great variety of influences
from temperature, electrical currents,
magnetism, chemical affinity and so
on. The indubitable indications are
that animate matter in no way differs
from inanimate as far as its chemistry
is concerned. Indeed,, many organic
substances have been produced in the
laboratory and Professor Loeb has
even fertilized an egg artificially. We
may therefore safely believe that on
some occasion a little mass of colloidal
slime may have been precisely so sit
uated as to pass into the chemical con
dition which we designate by the ad
jective "alive," but it certainly did not
acquire the form and properties of a
cell with a nucleus all at once. This
came about by insensible transitions.
Multiplication and reproduction are
easily accounted for because all masses
of colloidal slime tend to fall asunder
when they attain a certain size, ' After
this process had been carried on for
a long time the earth would be inhab
ited everywhere by living substances,
though they would be extremely ele
mentary. The development of the cel
lular form with a nucleus" Would be
merely a matter of time, since in the
very nature of things the vital ele
ments would tend to segregate them
selves In the interior of each living
body. By the accidents of - existence
some cell would happen to exchange
the contents of its nucleus with some
other and thus sexual reproduction
would begin. Such an exchange would
give a marked impetus to the develop
ment of the creature to which It oc
curred and a corresponding advantage
in the struggle for survival would re
sult. Of course as soon as we have
reached the nucleated cell all the rest
of the history of life follows necessar
ily from the law of evolution.
Although Professor Schaefer repudi
ates Bastian's results, he sees no rea
son to believe that life originated once
and for all at any particular time or
place. It may have begun at many
spots far apart and on many different
occasions. It may in fact be originating
every day, though in forms so indis
tinct that they elude observation. The
simple truth of the matter, according
to Professor Schaefer, Is that life must
have begun on earth somewhere and
somehow and there Is no good rea-
danci that the conditions
OUU 1UI ut.i.j..'B
which made it possible in the first
place occur sUU. . .remaps tney uwui
frequently.
Ohio voted not to restrict the power
of the Judiciary rejecting the con
stitutional amendments which would
have limited labor injunctions to the
protection ' of physical property and
which would have granted jury trials
In all cases where contempt is com
mitted outside of a courtroom. Seven
other propositions failed. Including
woman suffrage, abolition of death
penalty and good roads, but less than
one-half the qualified voters took
part in the electiorf, and once more
important constitutional changes are
adopted, less by the active demand
fnr thm than bv the inaction of those
who simply let them have their way.
The difficulty about direct legislation
If, thus seen to lie in the unwillingness
of half the voters to legislate. .
The opening of the door of hope to
the Northern negro and the closing
of the same door to the Southern
negro by the Roosevelt Progressives
does not appeal to W. H. Lewis, the
colored Assistant Attorney-General of
the United States. Referring to the
statement that the Democratic ,policy
towards the negro- Is brutal and the
Republican policy hypocritical, Mr.
Lewis says that of the Progressives
is both brutal and hypocritical. This
portends a real division of the negro
vote and the failure of the Roosevelt
scheme to win it in the North while
countenancing its suppression in the
South.
A favorite phrase in Democratic
tariff planks is: "Expenses of the Gov
ernment economically administered."
We all have an interest in the practice
of economy, for it prevents the taking
of money out of our pockets. Hence
credit is due to President Taft for
having reduced expenses 18,000,000 a
year while extending the operations of
the Government, after an increase of
$191,000,000 during the two terms of
Kis predecessor." But little interest is
taken in economy and its practice Is
about as thankless a task as a man
can undertake.
While aeroplanes are being turned
out by the hundreds in Europe, have
taken part in the war in Tripoli and
in French, German and English man
euvers, their manufacture In this
country languishes. The cause is the
suit of the Wrights in defense of their
patents, which may cumber the courts
for several years. Scarcely any great
invention is made in this country
without a lawsuit to obstruct its de
velopment. This is as true of the
telephone as of the aeroplane.
Judges are elected to administer
justice for the people, not to decide
t...-.wn lawvers. The State Bar As-
uctn" . --j
sociation of Washington can no more
appropriately recommend a candidate
for Supreme Judge than the bankers
can recommend a candidate for State
Bank Examiner. The parties chiefly
wtoci in the selection of a judge
are the litigants, and those chiefly
Interested in the selection oi a tjann
Examiner are the depositors.
A trainload of sheep, fattened on
grass kept green by continued Summer
rains, left Bend yesterday for Chicago,
and Easterners will soon" tickle tholr
palates with "prime Oregon lamb," for
this product is too good to be called
"mutton."
The man who devises use of his es
tate during life to his widow is hardly
doing right to his lifelong companion.
What she helped build, she should
In not many cities are built sewers
large enough to be investigated by In
spectors riding in automobiles, but
Portland has that distinction.
Nine shingle mills on Puget Sound
have shut down, and this is the very
time when roofs need repair for the
Winter. '
"Around police headquarters they
seemed to think the loot was suitable
for a potlatch.
WTilson is sure of the fans. He has
shaken hands with Ty Cobb.
Local Progressive candidates will
certainly be handplcked.
Kellaher could not continue his two
horse act
REQ,l"ISITES OP FRAT MEMBERSHIP
Wealth and Classy Appearance . Admit
.-' Majority, Asserts Barbarism.
PORTLAND, Sept 20. (To' the Ed
itor.) If you are not wearied already
by the discussion of fraternities I
would beg room for my humble
thoughts on this subject. I am just a
plain American who has gone through
high school and university without the
"refining" influence of fraternity lite.
I attended two different universities,
and, from my experience there and. in
the preparatory school, I do not hesi
tate to state that fraternities are a
serious menace to the real American
spirit of equality. The cordial princi
ple of these societies is excluslveness.
The requisites for admission, in the
order of their Importance, are wealth,
self-assurance or "classy" appearance,
and cleverness. The majority of the
members are admitted on the first two
qualifications, and then a few, who are
usually of moderate means but who
really possess cleverness are taken in
to provide the requisite amount of
brains and stamina at least to lend an
air of respectability to the whole. In
a few cases none of these redeeming
ones are included In the membership. I
have several very good friends among
fraternity men of th"e latter sort, and
in some instances I have been given to
understand by them that they were
really disgusted with their affiliations.
While attending a large university
in California I had a student friend
who, during his junior year, took a
position as assistant in the gymnasium.
At the beginning it fell to his lot to
assist in the required physical exam
ination of the entering freshmen. A
prominent fraternity, realizing that this
gave my friend the opportunity of see
ing every freshman, offered him a sub
stantial remuneration if he would ob
tain for It the name of every one who
was well dressed and had the appear
ance of having money. Which goes to
show that the very first requisite is
wealth.
They make a great point of their
"brotherly love" and honor which their
organizations are alleged to develop
and foster. I personally had fed and
clothed at two different times fraternity
men who were ashamed in their tem
porary difficulty to go to the local
fraternity house and ask for 'some of
that "brotherly love," realizing full
well the disdainful air with which they
would be received. In regard to the
honor part, I at this time hold a ficti
tious check for $25 passed on me two
years ago by one of the "classiest"
looking frat men I have ever known,
and I am still looking for him.
Did you ever meet a fraternity man
and not have him ask you immediately
what frat you belong to? In his esti
mation the answer to that question
classifies a man instantly. If you are
compelled shamefacedly to confess that
you are a mere barbarian I ask' you to
notice the supercilious raising of the
eyebrows and the patronizing air which
immediately permeates the conversa
tion. i. e., if it is allowed to continue
at all.
In my Innocent student days 1 used
to look with more or less envy on the
well-dressed, self-assured ones who, I
knew, looked do.vn on me and the other
common mortals so .condescendingly.
Not that I or my fellow barbarians,
who in some cases had to work our
way through college, felt the least in
feriority, but we knew that the fra
ternity men thought' they were better
than we, and the feeling hurt. It Is a
feeling that no American should be
compelled to feel. But now that I have
grown older and have seen so many of
the elect sink back rnto obscurity, sup
ported by their, relatives, and with no
achievement behind or before them
other than the great right to wear the
fi at pin on the lower corner of their
vest, or" just over the heart, I can at
least look one of them in the eye with
out trembling. BARBARIAN.
PfEW CRIME OF JUDAS ISCARIOT
Adds Infamy to Odious Xante by Be
traying Roosevelt. . .
New York World.
Words fail us in the attempt to pic
ture our abhorrence and detestation of
the latest crime, of Judas Iscariot. It
appears that Judas also betrayed MS.
Mr. Roosevelt told the whole .sad,
sickening story In his speech at Port
land. Judas Iscariot' s other name is
Thomas McCusker. He was a dele
gate to the Republican National con
vention at Chicago. He voted with
the crooks and burglars and counter
feiters and pirates and second-story
workers and buccaneers and porch
climbers and thieves and forgers and
asassins to seat Taft delegates, and
then McCusker "turned around and
voted, for ME against MY own personal
protest."
To think that a human beingeven
Judas Iscariot could descend to such
depths of infamyl
As Mr. Roosevelt so sweetly and pa
tiently and gently remarked to his au
dience of horror-stricken Oregonians:
"If he wanted to play the part of a
Judas he might have omitted the kiss.
It is not a nice thing to be a Judas,
but the klHS Is an added touch that
might have been omitted."
We think so, too, and we hope that
Perkins will pour enough Harvester
trust money into Oregon this time to
put Judas Iscariot out of business once
and tor all.
Settlement of Estate.
FOREST GROVE. Or., Sept. 19. (To
the Editor.) (1) When a piece of land
is deeded to a man and his wife jointly
and one of them dies, would the title
of said piece of land go to the other
without any court proceedings, and if
so, when the one living sells said piece
of land, would an affidavit attached
to abstract to the effect that the one
was deceased be sufficient?
(2) If a man wishes his wife to come
into possession of his real estate after
his death, will a deed to that effect,
recorded after his death, be sufficient,
and in such a case would estate have
to be probated?
(3) If a man dies and leaves an es
tate, but not will, what interest In said
estate does his wife and children get?
H. C. PARKER.
(1) Yes.
(2) The deed would be sufficient If
delivery had been made prior to the
husband's decease. If there was no
other property, probate proceedings
would not be required.
(3) The wife receives during life
one-half the Income from the estate.
These answers apply only to Oregon.
United State Consuls Abroad.
HILLSBORO, Or., Sept, 17. (To the
Editor.) (1) Who is the American
Consul at Sydney, Australia?
(2) Who is the Uruguayan Minister
to America and what Is his address?
(3) Who is the American Consul at
Montevideo, Uruguay? I. D. 1
(1) John P. Bray, Consul-General,
Sydney. ,
(2) Dr. Carlos Maria de Pena, Wash
ington City.
(3 Frederic W. Godlng, Consul-Gen-eral,
Montevideo.
Pressing Woolens.
EUGENE, Or., Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly tell me how I can suc
cessfully press serge or woolen gar
ments without making them shine.
A SUBSCRIBER.
The customary method is to lay a
damp cloth on the garment and press
over that, not letting the iron, come in
contact with the goods to . be pressed.
Adoption of Child.
PORTLAND, Sept 19 (To the Edi
tor.) (1) Having been divorced and
married again, my husband, wishing to
adopt my child, which is a girl, where
must I go?
(2) What does It cost?
A SUBSCRIBER.
(1) To any County Court.
(2) The cost is nominal
SOCIALISTS -AND REVOLUTION.
Propaganda of the Red Flag Party De
fended. PORTLAND, Sept. 20. (To the Ed
itor.) In the editorial article entitled
"Socialistic Phrase Making" in The
Sunday Oregonian, Mr. Seidel's criti
cism of the Republican party is at
tacked, and the truth of his remarks
denied. No doubt each of the other
political parties would deny the truth
of his statements as pertaining to them
individually, but would agree in a
measure with his arraignment of the
other parties. It will be admitted that
campaign oratory sometimes over
shoots the mark. The Oregonian will
admit this, I am sure.
Then if Mr. Seidel's statements con
cerning the other parties Is a bit over
drawn, what of The.Oregonlan's claims
that the Republican party is sole
sponsor for all progressive legislation?
W. J. Bryan would take exceptions to
that statement, and would adduce col
umns of evidence . to show that the
Democratic party alone was the agent
by which progressive legislation was
obtained.
The Oregonian's broad assertion that
the movement for social justice and
Industrial equality has been promoted
solely through the Republican party
falls flat upon an examination of facts.
Republican judges, appointed by Re
publican officials, have obstructed
most of the progressive legislation that
an aroused constituency has forced
through Republican and Democratic
Legislatures. Is it not so?
The Oregonian's statement that the
Socialist party deserves less from the
hands of the people than any of the
others, is open to question. The reasons
given for. this statement are not based
on facts.
The constructive - policy of the So
cialist, administration in Milwaukee,
Wis.; the attempts of the present Mayor
of Schenectady, N. Y., to alleviate the
suffering of the poor in that city by
conducting a municipal ice plant, and
the appointment of Miss Helen Keller,
the noted blind girl, on the Child Con
servation Bureau, all of these attempts
to ameliorate the condition of the peo
ple by Socialists are In direct contra
diction to the statement above re
ferred to.
I am a poor man, but I will give $100
to the poor of our city if The Oregonian
can prove from the platform of the
Socialist party that the Socialist party
preaches any kind of a revolution but a
peaceable, peaceful revolution of bal
lots. This is a bona fide offer.
CHAS. J3. K ITCHING.
"OLD MAIDS" TREATED UNKINDLY
Personal Experience Related to Show
Injustice of Usnal Attitude.
1 PORTLAND, Sept 20. (To the Edi
tor.) I wish to add a few words to
what "a young old maid" has written
regarding unmarried women. It seems
to me very unfair that married women
should have all the praise and respect,
while unmarried women get nothing
but ridicule and contempt. I believe
that in most cases the woman who Is
not married leads a more unselfish life
than the married woman, and, besides,
it is not often the woman's fault that
she is not n'.arried. Perhaps a page
from my own history might prove to
some the truth of what I say.
I am one of a large family. My
mother married when she was very
young, and as she was an Invalid and
very Inexperienced she was quite un
fit for the task of bringing up chil
dren or taking care of a home, so the
burden fell on me at a very early age.
I took up the burden as bravely as 1
could, always hoping that some time
my "day" should come, but it never
came. When offers of marriage came
I had to decline, for I could not leave
my aged father and helpless mother,
but I declined with a breaking heart,
for I did long for love as much as any
one. Now at the age of 30 I am too tired
and sad to wish to take on new re
sponsibilities. My only wish is for the
quiet grave, yet I may have to live
many dreary years yet. I am alone in
the world and have no wish to make
new acquaintances or go out among
people, for I know they look upon me
as an old maid and therefore despise
me. When I -go to. a party everybody
slights me, for no one wishes to be
seen talking to an old maid. Now, If
I had done anything disgraceful or
even selfish I should see no Injustice
in being treated so, but why should I
be despised for doing my duty?
I wish people could see how cruelly
they treat unmarried women and how
much they add to their sorrow. I
write this not to. get sympathy for
myself, for I have had all I want of
this world, but in the hope that it may
lead at least a few people to think
more kindly of unmarried women.
JANET.
Officers Seeking Re-Election.
RIDGEFIELD, Wash., Sept. 18. (To
the Editor.) Please give the names of
the state officers of Washington, who
are candidates for re-election and un
der what party they are seeking of
fice. . . G. A. G.
M. E. Hay, Governor; C. W. Clausen,
Auditor; I. M. Howell, Secretary of
State; W. V. Tanner, Attorney-General,
are candidates for re-election t6 the
offices they now bold. All have been
nominated on the . Republican ticket.
W. E. Humphrey, First District, and W.
M. La Follette, Third District, present
Representatives in Congress, are can
didates for re-election as Republicans.
Stanton Warburton, the Representa
tive from the Second District, seeks re
election as . a Progressive. Wallace
Mount and O. G. Ellis, Justices of the
Supreme Court, are up for re-election
on the non-partisan Judiciary ticket. R.
O. Dunbar, the third Justice nominated
for re-election, has died since the pri
maries. Population Figures.
SALEM, Or., Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) What are the six largest
cities in the world, and their popula
tions? (2) The population of Dominion of
Canada? A. K. TUB&x.
1. Londen, 7,262,963"; New York, 4,766,
883; Paris, 2.846.986; Chicago, 2,185,283;
Tokio, 2,168,151; Berlin, 2,064,153. The
population of Registration London in
1911 w?s 4.522,964, and with metropoli
tan and city police districts 7,252,963.
Population of Greater New York and
its Westchester and New Jersey sub
urbs in 1910 was 6,501,178. Berlin's es
timated population with suburbs was
3,400,000 in 1910.
2. Canada, 7,200,000.
License for Peddlers and Agents.
DALLAS, Or., Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) What is the law in Oregon re
garding agents? Are they obliged to
have a license as in some states?
A SUBSCRIBER.
License is required of real estate
agents in the City of Portland. Regu
lation in other cities depends on char
ter provisions. Outside of cities that
have charter regulations, all peddlers,
including persons who offer from house
to house merchandise at retail for fu
ture delivery, by sample or catalogue,
must obtain license from the County
Treasurer. . This does not . apply to
peddling or selling agricultural, farm
or nursery products.
Corrupt Practices Act.
PENDLETON, Or., Sept. 19. (To the
Editor.) 1. Please explain the "cor
rupt practices act."
2. When will The Hague conference
meet next. MRS. R. G.
1. The corrupt practices act is too
lengthy and comprehensive to be ex
plained in these columns. In full. It
comprises some 12,000 words, or the
equivalent of ten newspaper columns.
2. The Hague conference was held
In 1899. The Hague tribunal, estab
lished as the result of the conference,
is a permanent international court of
arbitration.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian of September 22. 1862.
BALTIMORE, Sept. 12. On Wednes
day morning heavy firing was heard In
the direction of Harper's Ferry. Rebel
General Lorlng had crossed the Po
tomac at WHliamsport and was march
ing towards Harper's Ferry, where he
had commenced attack on Federals, who
opened masked batteries and repulsed
them with much slaughter.
Legislative Proceedings House: Mes
sage from the Senate giving notice that
the bill organlxlna: Baker County had
passed that body was received. Sa
Baker County was organized.
BALTIMORE, s"ept. 13. General
Hooker took possession of Frederick
last night. McClellan entered that city
this morning. ,
CINCINNATI. SepT. 12. The Rebel
Army has fallen back beyond Florence.
Prisoners say retreat was made because
they heard of Buell's advance Into Ken
tucky. The news that "General Stevens, of
Washington Territory, was killed in one
of the late battles on the Potomac we
fear is true.
AUTOMOBILES AND GOOD ROADS
Modern Needs Must Be Reeognlsedt but
Speed Limits Must Be Set.'
PORTLAND, Sept. 20. (To the Edi
tor.) On the first day of July last
there " were 891,432 gasoline-burning
autos In. active use in the United States
ind 32,000 autos that were run by
electricity. From recent reports of
sales made by auto manufacturers-that
number has so increased that we have
at least 1.000,000 autos of different de
scriptions running today.
This new method of travel requires
a change of roadbed. The soft-surfaced
road that Is required for the
safety of the horse, mule and ox to
walk upon Is not suitable for the auto.
We all realize that it is very hard
work to make some people see the
necessity of the change. Our fathers
and grandfathers fought the introduc
tion of steam railroads. It would ruin
the country. The stagecoach was good
enough for their fathers and mothers
to ride in. It was good enough for
them.
Men of the capacity of mind of Dan
iel Webster, Henry Clay and others or
like nature fought against the Intro
duction of electricity as a means of
communication between different parts
of our country. We have many so
called wise men today who are fighting
against the great Improvements of
this day and age of the world. The
auto has come to stay and we. must
prepare a way for it. At the same
time we must restrict the speed of
auto drivers.
No auto driver should be allowed
to exceed the speed of 20 miles per
hour on roads that are used for com
mon travel. The best auto road that
can be constructed will not stand the
strain that an auto gives the surface
when exceeding the 20-mile limit. If
men wish to exceed that speed let them
provide racetracks, the same as we
have for our fast horses at county
fairs. There they can run as fast as
they please. But the highways, where
all people are expected to travel, should
have a speed limit, and that not to
exceed 20 miles an hour. The suction
Is so great under the soft-yielding
tires of our autos that a swift-running
auto will destroy the best track that
could be made.
We are now in the experimental age
of auto roadbuilding.. From the re
reports that we have from Europe
and our Eastern states, where they
have expended millions of money in
experimenting, we find that the auto
track that is made by first laying a
solid surface of broken stone, that
rolled down hard, then that given
four inches of sifted gravel and sand
mixed with prepared tar or asphaltum
oil, wears hard and keeps smooth, pro
vided the speed limit of autos is kept
down to a reasonable pace. Police
regulation should not allow ah auto
to pass another that is running up to
the speed limit, and that limit should
be not over 20 miles an hour.
The day is not far distant when we
shall have a good auto track from the
Atlantic to the Pacific Coast. The
road will be built with two tracks,
with a parkway between the tracks.
The parkway and the sides of the road
will be set with walnut trees. The
sales' of the nuts from the trees will
keep the track in good repair.'
The auto in the hands of an in
competent man or woman is far worse
than the revolver. Ten people are
murdered today by heedless auto
drivers where one Is killed by the re
volver. The penalty for exceeding the
20 miles per hour on public highways
should be heavy fines and Imprison
ment. CICERO NEWELL.
When Note Is Outlawed.
TUALATIN, Or., Sept. 14. (To the
Editor.) (1) In what time does a note
become uncollectable after the last
payment of interest thereon? (2) A due
bill? (3) An account? INQUIRER.
- Six years in Oregon. This answer is
for all three questions.
Special Features in
The Sunday
Oregonian
Life Aboard Battleships The
1000 men aboard a modern levia
than of the Navy make up a fru
gal household. Description of life
on board the battleship Delaware
is interesting and instructive.
More About Hirts An admis
sion by a woman writer that those
of her sex love through their ears.
Unmasked This is a sequel to
"The Woman in Red" and is a
thrilling short story.
Enrope's Trust Problems Dif
ferent nations in Europe engaged
in controversies over monopolis
tic questions. Differences are
shown between German combines
and American trusts..
The Decline ' of Courtesy
French writer laments that olden
days of chivalry have gone to
stay, and points out that people 's
manners are brusque.
The Emigrant Maker An Ac
count of a widow's experiences in
America that is full of heart in
terest. More Angels of Mercy With
the passage of a new law, the
scope of the Red Cross Society
has been broadened. America now
has the world's greatest reserve
corps of nurses. Full page, illus
trated with photos.
Why Was King Rogers Killed?
An account of the strange
career of an American adventurer
who met death in Africa at the
hands of British soldiers.
The Polo Girl Another bril
liant poster in colors which is
well worth cutting out and saving.