TIIE MORN'IXO OREGOXIAN, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26. 1911.
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A COMTLIX PBOBLEX.
If social conditions were such that
early tnarrlacea were the rule Instead
f the exception among prudent peo
ple of small means. If every man had
a wife and family and a home of his
own. secure from the vicissitudes of
fortune, and If withal the Inborn way
wardness of mankind had been elim
inated and no person, male or female,
received lass than a comfortable live
lihood for his dally work, then we
mlrnt agree with the Keverend Mr.
Talbot that the problem of the social
evil was la a fair way to be solved,
t'ntll some or all of these happy con
ditions have been achieved we shall
probably be more or le worried by it.
When the social conscience is slug-
r'.sh it will not trouble us a great deal,
r.o matter how many young girls may
be lured to ruin and bos poisoned in
the slums. When the social conscience
Is active, as tt happens to be Just
now. me shall .see efforts renewed to
root out the everlasting evil. All the
methods of dealing with It which are
proposed by our ministers and vice
commission have been tried and tried
train with only moderate success.
Th Ten Commandments, for exam,
pie. which are recommended by some
ss a sovereign remedy for the social
disease, have been taught with more
or lera assiduity for three or four
thousand years. The effect has, of
course, baen something. V may say
confidently that conditions are not so
abominable as they would have been
had the Commandments not been
taught to the young, but atlll since
modern civilization began to take the
direction of industrialism and great
tolling cities grew up over the world,
the social question has become more
.acute every year. Nor nas education
been entirely overlooked as a remedy.
There have always been plenty of men
In the world who thoroughly under
stand the consequences of laxity In j
this particular, but some of these men
are far laxer than their Ignorant fel
low citizens. It la not the man who
knows most about the consequences of I
ho 1. alwaya the least vicious.
e believe that both education !
vice
Rill
and the Ten Commandments must
have a place In any successful cam
paign against this cancer of civilisa
tion. The causes of social vice are as
numerous as th varieties of human
depravity and greed. In dealing with
It we must not forget one fundamental
fact of biology which Emerson signal
ized so well when he said that "Nature
In order to make sure of the perpe
tuity of life had overweighted the pas
sion which draws the sexea toward one
another." The pasion has been over
weighted by evolutionary tendencies
running back to the beginning of
time. It can be directed Into whole
tome channels, but It cannot be sup
pressed. This ought to be taken as a
basic fact. The evil of the slums, like
many others, arises from misdirected
passions which, were they properly
utilized, would be wholly beneficent.
The Reverend Mr. Talbot speaks Judi
cially In calling attention to the eco
nomic difficulties which ar wrapped
up la the problem of vice. For one
thing. Industrialism haa collected
great groups of unmarried men and
women In almost every large city.
Their numbers are far greater In pro
portion to th whole population than
they were In any former pertcM of
hlmtory. Students of Immigration tell
us of th great troops of Italians who
come to this country without families.
Jt Is the tame with other South Euro
pean Immigrants.
Again note must be taken of the
growth of our so-called "leisure class,"
social class with far more money
than is for Its good and little sense of
i-bligxtlon ta God or country. It lives
only to gratify Its sensual passions.
The male artisan and the sensual mil
lionaire hav created a demand which
premized agencies have been created
to supply. It Is the enormous devel
opment of vicious demand which has
lad to the formation of a sort of "vice
trust" In recent years so that the butt
ress of "white slaving" Is now carried
on In a strictly commercial wy. Nat
urally men who want to make money
and care little how they do It have
been quick to seize upon this manner
tf securing Incomes. It Is notable that
the most persistent tempters of young
girls are men ho cynically plan ft
make money by selling them.
a see. therefore, how naturally
th organised whit alav traffic haa
grown out of Industrial conditions. On
th on side we have vast collection
of vigorous men who do not earn
enough ta make It safe for them to
marry or who have left their famille
In the old country. On the other w
have a numerous class of wealthy men
with nothing to do but to prey upon
female vtrtue. It follow as a matter
of course that there Is a quirt effort
going on all over the country to sup
ply the vlclot. demand thus created.
The Ignorance In which the American
girl grows up plavs Into the hands of
those who seek to entrap her. The
poor things are kept In sedulous Ig
norance of th consequences of yield
ing. Hence they often yield under a
temptation from which a little knowl.
tige would have kept them. safe. In
sufficient wages, as Mr. Talbot well
say, alto help out th whit slaver In
his Infernal business. Th girl who
Is starving on four or flv dollars a
week has to listen to persistent stones
of th luxuries th might enjoy wer
th to yield to th tempter. That so
many of them refute and prefer vlr
tuout misery to vicious luxury Is a
credit to womankind, but far too
many yield". And w fear they will
continue to yield.
Th most disastrous blunder on
can make In dealing- with th problem
of vice U to fancy that tt Is easy or
simple. It Is as complex as Industrial
society and as difficult as for a camel
to go through the eye of & needle.
Education will help, religion will help,
but no final solution will be reached
until some way Is discovered of settling-
our population In homes of their
own wHh families gathered about
them. The social disease la Intimately
connected with thoso economic dis-
rMe
of which our statesmen have
i fO much to y.
THE JOKE ABOCT ECONOMY.
The Mayor's official organ is ex
cited. That Is the chronic condition
of the Mayor's official organ, which
excites Itself every day about some
thing or other. The other day It was
the rottsn Manley crematory, which
Mayor Simon had arranged to build;
today It la the lying defamers of the
beautiful, stately, efficient, admirable,
odorless Manley crematory which
Mayor Rushlight is arranging to ac
cept. Now It is over the forthcoming
city tax levy, which some one haa
ventured to say will have to be high
unprecedented high if the Mayor
shall approve the demands of the de
partments, which aggregate, or will
aggregate, about IJ. 000. 000. ,
The some on Is The Oregonlan.
which haa been stating facts as usual
If we are to have a Urge number of
new policemen, new fire equipment
ami more firemen, more parks ana
Dlavrrounds. more bridges, a new
auditorium, more streets and more
street-cleaning, more water reservoirs
and pipe lines, and more Jobs for th
Mayor's friends and for the "every-
bodies, anybodies and nobodies wh
would be friends of the Mayor, the
taxpayer must foot the bill.
There was a decided "If" in Th
Oregonlan's I J, 000.000 estimate, but
there Is no "If In the demands of the
departments, or the Job-holders,
needed and superfluous, whose num
bers never decrease. If the Mayor
prunes the estimates. If he insists on
economy and if he exhibits backbon
and stands out against the clamor for
more and more, th budget for 191
will aggregat less than S3. 000. 000
But we have so far heard from th
Mayor no suggestion or Intimation
that th brakes must be applied and
th taxpayer's burden lightened. Nor
has anyone heard such a gratifying
suggestion or Intimation. Economy Is
not and never has been the watch
word of this administration.
BLACK CONSERVATION
Th Bolsl Statesman printed on its
first page, at the time of Secretary
Fisher's recent visit, a map of Idaho
with the various forest, coal, water
power and phosphlate withdrawals
Indicated In black. We suppose black
was selected as the conservation color
because It best suited the requ I re-
ments of th
equipment; but
happily chosen,
mood of Idaho
Statesman's printing
It was nevertheless
Black 'describes the
and th results of
bureaucratic persecution in the name
of conservation. Th conservation
map of Idaho la a thing of shreds and
! patches. It looks like a tombstone
smeared with soot and whitewash.
"Immense areas," says th States
man, "have been withdrawn as coal
Und ,,ht leaT not enough coal to
run kitchen range three weeks. The
withdrawals for power purposes are
quit aa ridiculous. "All the Govern
ment has succeeded In doing." re
marks the Statesman. "Is to fasten a
monopoly upon the people at once
and yet the boasted object of the
power withdrawals was to save the
people from monopoly!
Idaho Is two-thirds conserved. One
third, or less, of its area Is free from
the stagnating influence of a false
Federal conservation. The pretense of
the Government that there Is no Inter
ference with the homesteader on
forest or other reserves does not help
the situation. Instead of aiding the
homesteader to get lands for home-
making, the Government Interferes
with him, harasses him, starves him.
and finally eject him. Instead of
giving him a helping hand, it regards
him as a thief and an interloper. He
la a bold citizen who builds a home
in a forest reserve.
Idaho has been conserved almost
to Its undoing. Has the present
generation any duty to starve and die
for the exclusive benefit of unknown
and unappreclative generations? Or
should the present generation live,
work, and strive to establish homes,
found industries, and build cities and
states for themselves, their children
and their children's children? How
can any conservation better serve
prosperity?
FOB ATRISTH, NOT I F XI COG RATH EM,
TO HMIllt
The United States Supreme Court is
expected soon to give a definite and
final answer to the question as to
whether the Initiative and referendum
measures that have obtained statu
tory standing in a number of Western
states Oregon leading are or ar
not constitutional. Mr. Kosslter John
son, editor, author and lexicographer,
boldly asserts that they are unconsti
tutional. His contention Is that di
rect legislation Is Impossible In this
country, citing in evdence th Stan
dard dctinnary, of which he was one
of the editors. The Standard defines
a republic as 'a stat In which th
sovereignty resides In th people, and
the administration Is lodged in officers
elected by and representing the peo
ple." Supplemental to this h cite
th constitutional guarantee to every
state In the t'nlon of a republican
form of government
Since, according to Mr. Johnson, w
ir.ut go to the dictionary to learn
what a republican form of govern
ment is. we are Impelled to ask.
"What dictionary?" Consulting Web
ster we find that "a republic Is a
state In which the sovereign power
resides In the whole body of the peo
ple and Is exercised by representatives
elected by them." Passing on to th
Century dictionary In search of th
truth as tt Is in verbal definition w
learn that In a republic it la only th
executive power which la vested In a
person or persons chosen, directly or
indirectly, by the body of citizens en
titled to vote.
Thus entangled In the meshes of
verbal definition, we ar fain to seek
reassurance in the fact that men who
compile dictionaries are not necessar
ily great statesmen. Indeed, until Mr.
Johnson, no lexicographer has es
sayed the role of statesmanship, and
even he. not being a member of the
Supreme Court, has not a deciding
voice upon the question of the consti
tutionality of this or any ether law.
in the meantime the er.tlr country
will await with Interest the decision in
th cas now pending before the Su
preme Court between the Stat of Ore
gon and the Pacific Telegraph and Tel
ephone Company, belnr a challenge by
the latter of a law enacted by th
Oregon legislature under th Initiative
by which a tax of 3 per cent was
levied upon the gross earning of tele
phone and telegraph companies. Far
reaching In Its effec, this decision 1
awaited with more than common in
terest. Stripped of legal verbiage. It
Is the arraignment of the "Oregon
System" befor th court of last re
sort. The public is advised, through
th Washington correspondent of The
Oregonlan, that this cas is near the
head of the docket and hence a deci
sion upon it may be reached before
the end of the term. Lawyers not
lexicographer will argue It, and em
inent Jurists will decide whether the
"Oregon System" represents upstart
legislation or 1 within constitutional
law.
PROBLEM OP TWE MAINE.
In raising th battleship Main
from th slim of Havana harbor.
United State engineers have verified
th belief that was prevalent at th
Mm th vessel- went down In th
darkness of a (February night In
II SJ. It was then loudly asserted
that th explosion that sent th Main
to the bottom of th harbor was from
without, th strong Inference being
that a mine laid by Spaniard was
the cause of the terrible disaster.
The twisted mass of steel and iron
that has been so long submerged has,
after months of effort and applied en
gineering skill, bean raised and
cleared of mud, disclosing a ghastly
upward rent that could not . possibly
hav been mad by an explosion from
within.
Captain Slgsbee of th Ill-fated ves
sel gave this opinion at the time, but
without Investigation It could not b
corroborated. Belief in Spanish
treachery', however, was strong, an
not until Spain's fleet was destroyed
and that country, defeated at every
turn, was forced to abandon Cuba,
did American fury against that coun
try abate and "Remember the Maine
ceased to be a National war cry.
Time, the great healer, has softened
the animosities of that period i
the verification of th belief that th
Main was destroyed .through Spanish
agency create little comment an
causes no return of National, or even
personal, bitterness. An event of long
ago, it has simply passed Into history,
rorB NEW ELDERS.
There la mora work for a minister
of the gospel In our day than there
ever was before, but In large part It
goes undone. Th harvest Is plente
ous, but th laborers are few. Hence,
we read with a good deal of pleasure
such Items as that which records the
ordination of four new elders in the
Methodist Church at Salem last Sun
day. One of these men may be gifted
with the power to set the world on
Are and show us how to meet our
modern difficulties with the old faith
That would be worth while.
Most ministers who have any par
ticular ability turn their eyes toward
the city Instead of the country. Since
these new elder ar country-bred, we
hope they will not make that mistake
The true problems of our civilization
lie in the rural districts. It la the
country church which can do most to
uplift American standards of life, and
It Is the country church which usually
goes begging for a competent min
ister.
This is tragic when we remember
all that an ably conducted country
church can do for the population
around It. It can ba th leader in
education, in amusements. In cam
palgns for good roads and better
schools. There is no department of
life where It cannot help. The rural
church has abdicated most of its
duties. Lack of ability in the pulpit
has been partly to blame, but sterile
Puritanism has also much to answer
for. The country church has been so
deeply afraid of violating th pro
prieties that It has withdrawn from
almost every fruitful activity. In it
seal to discourage dancing It has en
couraged dullness and disgust. In Its
anxiety to keep the meeting house
sacred" It has driven the young
toward the saloon and dive.
Perhaps th four new elders who
have been ordained by the Methodists
will take a wiser view of these mat
ters and apply th divine art of con
quering human nature by yielding to
it. St. Paul won his victories by being
all things to all men. The country
church haa failed by allowing itself to
become next to nothing.
ITALY'S THREAT OF WAS.
Italy appears so determined to seize
hare of what remains of Africa
after the other European powers have
helped themselves that she is ready
to go to war with Turkey In order to
secure Tripoli. This province is
nearly opposite Italy, on the North
African coast, and when France
elzed Tunis Italy was quieted by the
concession that Tripoli would be in
Italy's sphere of Influence. That
means that France would leave Italy
free to take it away from Turkey if
she could. Italy Is worse off for
colonies than any other of the larger
European countries. The Italian
colonies ar Eritrea, on th west
coast of the Red Sea, and a plec of
Somallland. farther south on the east
coast of Africa, and they are of small
value.
It may not prov so easy for Italy
to take Tripoli as It was for England
to take Egypt and the combined
European powers to lop off Servla,
Bosnia, Herzegovina, Roumanla,
Bulgaria and parts of Thessaly and
Eplrus from th Turkish dominions.
Th Young Turks, who now rule the
Empire, are not disposed "to give up
ny more territory without a fight.
But th odds ar against th Turks.
Th Itf liana hav only to cross th
narrow Adriatic Sea to carry th war
Into Turkey In Europe and Queen
Helena's father, the King of Monte
negro, would willingly be "compelled"
to allow Italian troops to land at his
fort of Duleigno. There they would
find valuable allies In the rebellious
Albanians. Such an Invasion would
occupy the Turks to such an extent
hat they could not send a large army
to Tripoli, th coast of which Italy
could occupy with a greatly superior
navy. But the mere threat of an In
vasion of Turkey proper would arouse
h fears of th other powers that the
much dreaded "Eastern question"
ould be re-opened in Its entirety.
They would probably bring the twp
nations to a compromise whereby
taly would get some concessions in
Tripoli and let Turkey in Europe
alone.
If Italy should obtain Tripoli, the
occupation of the entire coast of
Africa by the Christian powers of
urope would be complete, assuming
hat Franca finally take Morocco. On
th west Italy would hav Tunis, be-
yond which are th French provinces
of Algeria and Morocco, and on th
east she would have Egypt, ruled by
Britain. Tripoli extends for 1000 miles
along the Mediterranean coast and.
including; its hinterland, Fezzan,
reaches 100 mile inland. Scattered
over Its 400.000 square miles are
1. 000. 000 to 1. 600. 000 Berbers, with
an admixture of Jews and negroes.
The productive area Is nearly all along
th coast plain, th interior being
desert with widely scattered oases,
which are connected by caravan
routes. The caravans carry Ivory,
gold and feathers. Barca, the eastern
section of Tripoli, is mountainous an
more productive. Tripoli, the capital,
which has 30,000 people, is on the site
of one of three cities founded by th
Phoenicians, and near there an Ameri
can party of scientists recently dis
covered some Interesting Phoenician
or Roman remains.
The Governors' conference was
marked by a revival of the state rights
doctrine by Republicans and Demo
crats alike in relation to the power
of states to regulate lntra-state rates.
This doctrine has been generally re
garded as Democratic because of It
association with the cause of slavery
and of the Republican antagonism to
it which followed. The fact is that
since the war endd state rights have
been championed by Republican an
Democratic, Northern and Southern
states, as suited their convenience in
some particular case. Whenever
stat law Is annulled toy a Federal
court, as by Judge Sanborn In MInne
sota, th cry goes up that state rights
are Invaded. Whenever a state Is con.
fronted by a perilous situation with
which it cannot cope, as was Loulsl
ana by the yellow fever epidemic, It
forgets Its sacred rrghtx and calls on
Uncle Sam for help, ready to sur
render its rights In order to get it,
Therefore, the state rights cry should
not be taken too seriously.
Boss Murphy finds that this is an
evil world where a premium is put
upon political Irregularity. The elec
tion law by which he planned to make
the services of a certified accountant
necessary In order to enable an inde
pendent to vote as he wished Is an
nulled by a ruthless fusion Judge, and
the woods may be full of Independent
tickets this Fall, designed by cunning
Republicans to lure good Democrats
away from the true faith. One of the
drawbacks of being a boss is that
everybody is busy thinking up
schemes to depose him. He Is no bet
ter off than a king; in fact, ha
won off, for he Is not possessed of
"that divinity that doth hedge about
a king." At least, nobody ever no
ticed any divinity about Murphy.
A man who knows no better than
to sit down on a pumpkin pie de
serves to spoil his trousers. Of course
one does not expect habitually to find
pies In th pews at church, but still
they may be there and young men
ought to be on their guard. ' The
fragrant emanations from any pie are
sufficient warning of Its proximity! but
those from a pumpkin pie are so de
lectable, they are so piercingly lu
clous, that we cannot understand how
anybody could fall to smell them. The
young man who sat down on the pie
must have been walking In his sleep,
and since It la a sin to sleep In church
he was properly punished.
Giving Puget Sound equal rates on
grain from the Inland Empire may
b held as a Joke In Its hearing on
business at this port. -There Is today
congestion In the Terminal yards, with
hundreds of cars of wheat that can
not be handled because the supply is
in excess of all expectations. In t
day or two the embargo will be lifted
Meanwhile Puget Sound is welcome
to the concession, for It affords relief
to this greatest shipping port.
Accidents follow one another so
swiftly In the French navy as to sug
gest something more human than
mare chance as th cause of them.
Perhaps the officers are more showy
than competent. France never has
shone very brilliantly at sea. On land
her prowess Is unrivaled, but her navy
lias usually been defeated when it
ventured to fight. Very likely there
Is a reason for this in the character of
the French people.
To be beautiful now-a-daya - a
woman must look like a telephone
pole, or be a little thinner even than
that. What the fat ones will do with
their obese accumulations while the
craze for exiguity rages we cannot
Imagine, but they will do something.
In a few short weeks every woman
will ba slim aa a rail, but fashion can
not shake our opinion that every
woman over forty ought to ba com
fortably rotund.
Th family of William N. Paul
might hold a convention and put i
Paullst ticket In the field when It set
tles down. It will have IS votes when
the youngest daughter reaches her
majority, which is enough to swing
many an election. Perhaps the Paul
pool would be more effective .in get
ting results for the family.
In the face of death all real men
are alike. The Frenchmen stood at
their guns and fired a salute as the
Llberte sank. That was bravery and
th height of discipline, for how shall
man die braver than In facing un
known odds?
Irascible sportsmen of the hair-
trigger brand are reminded that any
body can eat pheasants bred and
raised In captivity, if he has the op
portunity and the price.
Now is accounted for the heavy re
turn to Italy in the past month. Th
lowly banana man will "knock th
stuffing" out of the Turk, and may
h do the Job quickly.
Le Galllenne, like Upton Sinclair,
haa free and easy Ideas of marriage,
but the former's plan to make divorce
s easy as marriage Is a little beyond
th limit.
High heels and hobblo skirts ar
held responsible for many accidents
to women, but many women would
rather die than be out of style.
Theorists are holding sway at Kan
sas City this week to point to practical
men the way to conservation. Theory
never fattened hogs. -
Th Italian soldier showed In
Abyssinia his ability to fight, and he
111 repeat It If he has to invade
Turkey.
Pendleton haa another round-up on
hand, different but highly meritorious.
gleanings of the Day
It Is estimated that the dissolution
of the Standard OH Company Into Its
separate atoms will causa It a loss of
about 110,000,000 a year In profits, but
mat would still leave them about 90.
000.000.
China has now a total of about 8404
miles of railway in operation, or al
most completed. Of the railway line
In actual operation, 2433 miles are In
Manchuria, and about two-thirds of
these are Japanese or Russian. There
Is
In course of construction a total of
about 1701 mllas, some of which will
probably not be completed for several
yeara There Is projected, with more or
less definite plans of construction,
surveyed or unsurveyed. authorised by
the Chinese government or not,, a total
of 13.434 miles. Construction ' during
1910 added rather less than 500 miles
to the railways of the empire. Nor Is
th prospect for 1911 much mora prom
lslng, sloe almost no new enterprise
hav been undertaken. While plans
ror new railways In China ar num
erous, actual development Is proceeding
slowly,
An American consular officer in the
Levant reports that a good opportunity
exists for tha int,inn a m .r .
and as favorably received by furniture
manufacturers and wood carvers as lt
is In Italy. One local firm la ready to
purchase one carload of lumber, similar
to a sample which accompanied tbe re
port, cut In several dimensions, and
which can be obtained from the Bureau
of Manufactures. Prices should be
quoted c L t. certain city, and should
the quotations prove satisfactory the
order will be confirmed by telegraph.
This small order Is placed with the
view of testing the market prepara
tory to a direct and steady Import of
American lumber. The name of another
firm which also desires to be put In
tuuch with American xporters of lum
ber Is given in the report. A large
landowner In the Levant has requested
an American consular officer to obtain
for him some Oregon pine seeds. It is
believed the soil and climate of the
region It favorable to the growth of
this tree.
A bill strictly regulating emigra
tion haa Just been submitted to the
Greek Parliament. It recognizes three
classes of emigration: First, the prac
tice of kidnaping young children, who.
after being maimed, are sent to Russia
for the purpose of soliciting alms;
second, the practice of cajoling young
girls into Turkey and Egypt under pre
text that they will be placed out to
service and then selling them for Illi
cit purposes; third, emigration proper.
The bill provides rigorous measures for
effectively putting a stop to the first
two practices and places certain re
strictions in the case of emigration
proper. Thus males under the age of
21 have to deposit a guarantee to be
forfeited In the event of their not re
turning to fulfill their military obli
gations. All emigrants have to con
tribute to a fund established for the
purpose of succoring destitute Greek
Immigrants In foreign countries, or for
other purposes, to be determined later.
special service will be attached to
the Hellenlo consulates in foreign coun
tries and will be expected to look after
the interests of Greek Immigrants.
Greece sent about 48,000 emigrants to
the United States In tbe year 1910.
The Erie Railroad has begun to 'ap
ply economy to the use of fuel and
has appointed an official for the pur
pose. On one division In 1910 he saved
130,020 as compared with 1909 and In
the first three months of 1911 saved
8.60G - as compared with the same
period of 1910.
The only limit to the number of
postofflces which are now being dally
designated for the receipt of postal
savings is tbe capacity of the clerical
force of the Postal Savings Bureau to
get out the necessary papers. And
this is also the case with respect to
the designation of postal savings de
pository banks. Up to this time nearly
3000 offices have been designated, of
which nearly 1800 are of tbe second
class and ZOO of the first class. At
the present rate, the entire list of
offices of these two classes will be
exhausted wlti4n the next week or two.
The clerks are working overtime and
tha Immense amount of detail Involved
being handled with efficiency and
expedition.
No recent reports have been re
ceived as to the exact amount of
money that Is being taken In at these
postofflces, but brief statements have
reached the department from time to
time showing conclusively that the de
posits are large and rapidly increasing
both in total amount and In the amount
of Individual deposits Word has come
from New Tork, Chicago, Boston and
St Louis, the four first-class offices
which were originally designated, to
the effect that in less than 20 days
after the offices were ready for busi
ness, over $250,000 had been taken In.
Bankers everywhere are rapidly send-
ng In applications to be designated aa
depositories, together with a verified
copy of their last report to the Con
troller of the Currency in the case of
National banks and to state officials In
the case of state banks and trust com
panies. Over 314,000,000 In bonds have
so far been accepted by the authorities
as security for postal savings, and
bonds are now coming in at an lncreas-
Ina- rate- Fullv one-ha'lf of the entire I
.. . ... . I
amount or Bonds received nave Deea
nth.r than National or state bonds.
being confined largely to municipal and
county bonds Including water and road
Improvement lssuea
The department will nqw take np
third-class offices, of which there are
(143 In the country, and these will be
designated as rapidly as circumstances
will permit This large list will prpb-
bly not b exhausted for
. I
ably not d exnauaiea tor menu
months, but when completed, attention
will be given to the designation of
fourth-class offices. There are many
obstacles, however. In the way of
naming a large number of this class.
wing to tbe absence of banking facili
ties In places where they ar located,
but lt is probable that before long
patrons of fourth-class offices will be
given the privilege of depositing their
avlngs in the nearest offices of the
first three classes. The plan, however, I
has not yet been worked out but lt I
,- pn.f..f...n... I
s the purpose of the Postmaster-Gen
eral ultimately to bring the system
within the reach of every man, woman
and child In the country, so far as lt
la practicable to do so.
can lnmh., i- ,,. .,,., , pretty well posted on samuei nui s
thriiJ ' X . i d'"trlct: 18 of road methods a. advocated by him and
the oplnior that American lumber may lt wlI, take veraI trlps by tno Gov.
be as easily Introduced Into that region ernor to i-nnvlnnn thAtn thnt thnv want
BLAME RESTS WITH GOVERNOR. -
He
Vetoed Good Roads Btlla,
After
Legislature Did Its Duty.
ATHENA. Sept JI. (To the Editor.)
If the state finds Itself at this time
without needed laws whereby counties
can build good roads, the people should
place the blame where It belongs
with Governor West and his Portland
advisers.
The last L-faiAtur nassed several
I good roads laws well adapted to the
needs of the state. These laws as
passed safeguarded the people's right
and put th matter in the hands of the
County Courts and the people that foot
the bills.
The Governor evidently sees his mls-
I take and is now trying to get the
"peopl" to urg him to call a special
session to pass such measures as he
may Instruct them to pass. For my
self, I am not In the habit of asking
others to think .for me and refuse to
be bound by any promises other than
the promises made to my constituents.
Should the Legislature meet, the
first work should be to consider the
Governor's vetoes. Should the good
roads laws vetoed be passed over the
Governor's veto, these laws are far
better for the people than those pro
posed by the so-called Governor's oom-
mlttee.
The press dispatches state the Gov
ernor Is to tour Central and Southern
Oreeron In company with Samuel Hill,
of Washington state roads fame. The
I to-called Grangers and the farming
community of Eattern Oregon are
any of lt The State of Washington
was compelled to call a halt, so great
was the protest from the Granges and
taxpayers.
Eastern Oregon is In favor of good
roads and good roads legislation, but
any laws passed must place the selec
tion of the roads to be Improved and
expenditure of the funds In the hands
of the County Courts, subject to the
approval of th people of the county.
We have no objection to a state
highway engineer (or commissioner),
whose work shall be advisory to the
county authorities where state aid is
made.
The question of amount of state aid
la debatable. My personal views are
that the counties should pay three
fourths and the state one-fourth of
the oost of permanent macadam roads.
The only feasible way for the coun
ties to construct any amount of per
manent roads Is through the county
bonding act. such as the Legislature
passed at the last session, with a small
annual tax for state aid purposes. Al
inougn personally favoring some
amendments, the laws as passed were
good laws and safeguarded the tax
payers' right. ' Should the Legislature
pass any laws alone the line advocated
Dy the ixovernor s committee, the refer
endum will be called, I am quite sure.
at I think I know tha feeling of the
terming Interests of Eastern Oregon
and also have heard expressions along
these lines from the Grangers of the
W illamette valley.
By all means, let us have the Gov
ernor call a special Besslon to act on
his vetoes, as the state needs many of
the laws he vetoed, evidently for In
tended political effect.
a A. BARRETT.
Joint Senator from Umatilla. Union
and Morrow Counties.
A Pioneer See Astoria.
SALEM, Or., Sept 24. (To the Ed
Itor.) Please accept a. pioneer's
man us ror The Oregonlan's good-hu
mored criticism of the lady from In
diana. She ought to have seen As
toria before writing of it as you auote
ner. as a pioneer I was many times
west of its site before lt became of
ficially Astoria by act of the United
States postal authorities. It was Fort
George from 1812 to July 1847. when
I. M. Shiveley came overland from St
Louis as Its postmaster and claimant
It required time and Industry to find
living evidence that ever knew it as
Astoria; that lt was known as Astoria
In the East was more owing to Wash
ington Irving's writings, than to J. J.
Astor s action.
As a pioneer I visited Astoria twice
during the late fair and esteem myself
well paid for each trip, which as
Journeys were both cheap and easy.
On the whole I could but advise that
what the men of today have done be
added to the works of the last 60
years, by making one of the most
beautiful sites in the world Into a Joy
forever, and I hope a permanent fair
ground. To see the fireworks on the
river revived memories of reading de
scriptions of Greek fire 1 fighting In
Plutarch's lives 70 years ago.
The Astor family has yet to earn
the right to have Its name attached
to this seaport of the grand Columbia;
its present population has one and one
half miles of sea wall awaiting capital
and energies; the building of this is a
Job well - becoming the present J. J.
Astor; there is room to use every dol
lar of his millions and at a sure profit
There Is nothing more certain In fu
ture returns than dredging and filling
on the estuary of river of Oregon.
J. MINTO.
Some Tariff Questions.
PORTLAND, Sept 24. (To the Edi
tor.) Reciprocity has met defeat so
great in Canada, that there is no mis
take about popular opinion there. My
friend Hennessy Murphy concedes it
was the asinine speech of Champ Clark
which did lt but he asks. What can
you expect of a Mlssourlan, anyway?
Perhaps the. loss oi tnis treaty may
not be a great misfortune after alL
There are timely questions right now.
For example, will our new board of
scientific tariff experts be controlled in
their findings In some subtle manner by
the same Interests which have hereto
fore controlled our Congressional tariff
tlnkerers? If not then will Congress
ignore scientific findings and make tar
iff schedules irrespective of them as lt
always has done? In other words.
when shall the people reany secure a
tariff for the benefit of the entire peo-
tla In all Its parts?
Clvn coal aa a concrete example.
What prevents right now the taking off
of all tariff on coal so we can get it
cheaxner while we wait for that vast
supply now on the way from Alaska?
Can The Oregonlan sneo any iigni
whatAvr nn these thing's, which will be
of comfort to those who have their
..... , 1.1 V, K tariff anfeAri.
pocsiuu n - " :
UleaT
ROBERT C WRIGHT.
When th Bishop Was Stamped.
Watchword.
BishoD Goodman was one day address
ing- a Sunday school when he said. In
a most expressive way: "And now,
children, let me tell you a very sad
fact In Africa there are 10,000,000
M.-. j-, (..rtlnrv wlthntit a sin.
-- - ----
f. .XW.
what should we au try ana i our
money and do!"
And the class, as one voice, repiiea
In ecstatic union: "Go to Africa!-
It' Matter- of Choice.
PORTLAND, Or., Sept 24. (To the
Editor.) Being a staunch admirer or
Webster as a scholar and for authen
ticity In abbreviations. I will respect
fully ask that you enlighten me
through the columns of your valuable
paper, which is the correct Abbrevia-
tion of Oregon: "Or." (as per W eb-
ster). or "Ore., Are Dotn correct
Being a newcomer here I notice that
most all automobiles and motorcycles
Invariably carry the "Ore." abbrevia
tion. 8. C NOBLE.
Vox Populi at Work
By Deaa Collin.
"What Is that sound that blows acrosi
The broad politic highways?"
Say statesmen, with their ears attentive
bent,
"Say, can it be Vox Popull
Has awakened, and is calling me
To enter in the race for President?"
They hear the sound, lt waxeth strong,
And Woodrow pricks his ears up.
And Cummins murmurs, "Shall I not
assent?"
And sayeth Folk, "Is lt a Joke?"
Or has Vox Popull awoke
To call on me to run lor President?"
And Clarke, who fain would gather all
Of Canada to his bosom.
Heareth the sound, and guesseth its In
tent, And Harmon, blushin' carmine.
Says, "I hear that voice a-charmln,"
And a-wooin" me to run for President"
To Gaynor and to Sherman ,
In Vice-Presidential coma,
Bloweth the voice, with evening's
breezes blent
And also Hearst heard from the first
Vox Popull, as lt would burst.
Blowing the call to run for President
And e'en Lafolletta feels Its breath
A-rlpplln' through his long looks,
A call from all tha eountry's broad ex
tent ;
And maybe Bryan, where he's lylsf
H.areth Vox Popull a-cryln'
"Aw, make Just one more run, for Presi
dent!" ,
It calleth loudly unto Taft,
A long and lusty holler.
By which the air from East to West la
rent;
And, who shall say? Perhaps lt may
Blow round an Outlook desk soma
day
Its haunting call to run for President
Ah wondrous many are the ears
Vox Popull Is reachln'.
While lt tinkers with the Presidential
dice;
But tell me true, who is there, who
Hath heard Vox Popull say "You
Axe Just th man we want to run for
Vice!"
Portland. Sent 25.
Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe
When a man haa a littlo pain, he
goes around saying he feels as though
someone Is sticking a knife Into his
vitals.
Nothing makes a man feel sillier than
to shake hands with a woman who
pulls her hand away quickly, as though
she had encountered a snake.
A couple of months after yo-i begin
a law suit lt doesn't look so favorable.
The other day I heard a hard-working
married woman tell of the best
time she ever had the three weeks she
was in the hospital, when she had an
operation performed.
Nearly every man will strike at a
moth, if one files around him as he sits
at home; but only a thoroughly domes
tic man takes a fly or two out with
him through the screen door every time
he leaves the house.
When a man begins to tell his side
of the story, and says: "Well, I'll tell
you Just how tt was." he probably in
tends to tell lt fairly, but, as the ac
count proceeds, he Is pretty apt to
wander away from the truth.
There is always deception in polite
ness; few people take politeness for
what lt is worth.
A man who Is looking for "genteel
work," is not looking for work at all.
If you are at all busy, . you can't
argue everything with everybody.
The only naturalness is found in pri
vate life. Invite a modest citizen to
read a "paper" before his society, and
he will fill lt so full of big feeling
that his friends will wonder what book
ha copied lt from.'
More Than One Ground of Opposition.
VERBOORT, Or, Sept 22. (To the
Editor.) Opposition to international
arbitration by American citizens comes
from many honest minds upon different
grounds than that of Senatorial pre
rogatives. Admitting the force of Benjamin
Franklin's saying "that there never
was a good war or a bad peace," all
the same nations are like individuals,
and a code of morals to be observed
by an Individual, fundamentally, in
most cases, are to be observed by a
nation.
Therefore, a nation seeking equity
by and through international arbitra
tion boards, should come Into equity
with clean hands.
High churenmen now approving In
ternational arbitration on terms at this
time publicly discussed, merely state
viewpoints from American citizens in
no wise related or connected with
morals' or faith. In the opinion of the
writer.
To localize a question recently put
by an eminent Chicagoan, suppose I
went to confession to Father Hickey
with stolen goods Btill In my pos
session, think you I would receive ab
solution before first returning
the
loot?
PIERRE JOSEPH HEYVAERT.
Tides In Pacific
CENTRALIA, Wash., Sept 24. (To
the Editor.) Is lt high tide on both
sides of the Pacific Ocean at the same
time, or is lt low tide on one snore.
while high tide on the otnerT how
accounted for? SUBSCRIBER.
Generally speaking, lt may bo said.
that when it is hish tide on the West
ern side (not shore) of the Pacific, lt
is high tide on the eastern side. This
is caused by the existence of two tide
waves moving on opposite sides of the
earth. It Is inaccurate, however, to
e v that when lt Is nign tiae on one
shore line it Is high tide on the other.
The shores of the continents do not
conform to longitudinal lines, while
the tide waves are huge, moving
ridges. The hour of high tide varies
along each coast For example, when
i. i inw tide at Tillamook Head lt is
approximately high tide at the Isth
mus of Manama.
Why Motor Cars Have Horns.
London Chronicle.
- The London police are trying to les
sen the nuisance from motor noises at
night. Has lt occurred, to anyone that,
hod the motor car been an English in
stead of a French Invention, night and
day would have been still more hideous
by the nerve-racking shrieks of thou
sands of whistles instead of the dis
cordant toots of t he motor horn?
Whistles are used for starting trains
In England, while horns are the sig
nals used for trains at railway stationt
In France. The use of the horn in con.
nection with trains was no doubt th
reason why lt was adapted to motor
cars. .
Woman and Her Maiden BTame.
Washington (D. C Herald.
"Women are a myBtery to me," de-.
clared the divorce lawyer.
"How now?"
"That woman made me beg the Judge
to let her have back her maiden name,
and then only kept lt half an hour."