TITE MORNING OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1911.
8
rORTLIND, OKK.ON.
Eatered at Portland. Oregon FoatofTlea aa
Sf-n4-f'iu Matter.
ube.rtpUoa itatae Invariably In JWdvance.
(BT M1IU)
TaVy. Sunday tnetudad. on year. eo
!:, haaday Inrluded. e!i months..... 4.2
lUr. S'jn-Uy Included, three) manlhl... XJ3
lel.y. Senday lnrludad. one ra'inth.
lin"ut sunoar. ml year
laiiy. wttnout unaay. six months..
PillT. without feuatiay. una month..
Weekly, one yaar...... .......
1?
.an
1.9i
f-'jrMay, ,114 TMr
2 SO
feuaxiAjr and Weekly, ana year. sou
(BT CARRIER.)
rt'r. Suader Included, oft, ye.ir. . AO
Ie;:y. oundav included, obt math.. ... -
- Haw ta Kamlt end PietolTlce money
arear. iprts uruer or personal cherk on
your local tank. Mtampi. coin or currency
ara at tha HiJrri r-.a. Olve poeiofflee
a-wres ta ro.l. Inrludlns county an 1 state.
rwwr Rat 10 to 14 pu. 1 rant; 1
to 2 pa-ea. 2 casta: 8' to mim, S centa;
to , pasea. 4 cents, forifa poataa
Bvuo.a rata.
t aataraj rlaafneae Otflrra Verre a CtiH
l'n N Tre, Krnaeelck bullions Chl-
rao. stea-ar Sulltllns.
rRTUD. n tsUAI. Jl I.T II. 1IL
ox erA&ixo tbc a
l1dajit?y Dr. F. W. Van Dyke I"
Cot much of a believer In the Angelic
theory of th nature of children. We
'111 not go so far a-a to say that he
would call them all little Imps of
Satan, but from his presidential ad
dreaat at tha opening of tha State Med
ical Foclety we are constrained to In
fer that ha pins hie faith to the an
cient and respectable doctrine of total
depravity, lie emphatically Indorses
the opinion that "all children will lie
and steal" "that cruelty it Inborn in
lys." that "the Joy of killing some
thing Is well marked. and to cap the
ft-arful climax he seems to hint that
our lax methods of parental discipline
tend to deepen the dye of the evil
tr-its which nature had planted In the
infant sou I.
While we are not prepared to Insist
upon the formal morality of little chil
dren, we think it proper to caution the
public against taking their sins too
seriously. The lying that children do
! something very different from the
,c:ibvra:e mendacity of their elders.
The Infant mind require a certain
amount of experience before It can
Craw a clear distlnctlno between the
Inner and the outer world. The two
series of "states." the Internal and the
external, which play such a part in
Herbert Spencer's psychology are only
a single series until events have sep
arated them to the intelligence. The
child must wait for this to happen and
in the meantime he necessarily treats
the figments of his Imagination almost
as he does the reports of his senses.
Hence If he Is a liar his sin Is venial.
He cannot help committing It.
It is much the fame with the little
hoy's stealing, and perhaps also with
the little girl's. The distinction be
tween rneum and tuum. as all philos
ophers agree. Is not natural. That is
to say. it Is created by society for so
cial purposes. In the world as man
originally found It this distinction did
not exist. Dr. Van Dyke himself says
that "children are In their Instincts
and desires primitive men." There
fore they take the world as primitive
man did and, regard as their wn
whatever they happen to want. So If
we eonsent to brand our infants as
liar, and thieves It must be with the
proviso that their crimen are InstlrV
tire and Inevitable. I'ntll they can
be born mature they will continue to
be born with Imperfectly developed
morals. Indeed complete morality is
the highest intellectual state to which
man ever attains. Many persons never
reach It before death calls them to a
haprler sphere.
But we say this merely to relieve
me-hat the somberness of the stain
on the infant character, not by any
means to deny that the stain exists.
It Is there even with the most angelic
Indeed, too much of the external angel
la a child U a bad sign. It Is only too
apt .to Indicate that within there Is a
superfluity of the imp. The relieving
thought is that the stain, dark as it Is.
need not be indelible. It can Ve erased
by education, and here la where we
Join hands with the eloquent and
-wrathful doctor. Nature has done
her best te make our beloved offspring
end on the gallons or In the peniten
tiary, and we fond and futile parents
do little or nothing to thwart her
baneful purpose. Instead of chastis
ing ot:r chllJren. we. as Dr. Van Dyke
-. "tdoltie them." Especially is the
"only child" set on a pedestal and wor
shiped. The doting mother narrates
his wonderful performances to the
guests at luncheon, the boy sitting by
end drinking It all In. The father
bores his visiting friends with the mar
vets the Infant prodigy has wrought
while the prodigy listens and plans
t jture miracles of magnified naughti
ness. The simple truth of the matter is
that the ordinary American parent, of
e'rher sag. completely falls to do his
Z-V'T y his children in the way of
caJii'ivMng their Inborn devtllshnes.
Jr. far from eradicating It they do
':: they can to encourace it by fulsome
Matry. by neglect of discipline, by
Taollab Indulgence. Is It any wonder
" a., as Dr. Van Dyke declares, our
children grow up to be nuisances neg-Jas-nful
of their plainest social duties
roi too selfish to admit the rights of
Oars ? A man who has been edu
cd to think his will the law of the
liiFrersa. Is not to be blamed If he
oaas the statute law when It stands
he wwy of his desires. When he
T as beam trained by Ms parents to con
s!.W himself the only person In the
wrU of any consequenre. It Is not
avirpr-atrg If be develops Into a cruelly
ih man. Social morality has not
Traor. Implanted In the human heart by
tho Lord. It Is a matter of education
and simple, and If the education
s neglected the morality la never at
tained. Much lees will it be attained
!f the person Is educated away from
morality by the silly Idolatry of weak
tr.lmled parents.
The long and short of It is tliat the
human lnfsnt Is a little brute and his
proper training cannot be carried
through without a certain amount of
b7-utailty. There are times when the
father's hope and the mother's Jy
must feel the tingle of a hickory switch
tn his skin or suffer serious moral
detriment. To whip a bad boy is not
cruelty. It la often the greatest favor
that can he conferred on him. since if
rescues him from moral wreck. Occa
sionally a good, sound thrashing is the
i-nly thing that will convince a boy of
the supremacy of right and bring to
h:s attention the value and besnty of
fh moral I so. As to cruelty, that la a
aide topic. In our opinion it Is more
rrua to make a boy lie abed all day for
e'ealirg aplae than 1t la to thrash him
and have does with It. Many of the
S4-ca!!e1 "humar.s" p jnlshmer.ts.
athich, fiaodd parental ladulfenco. has i
devised are Incomparably more brutal
In essence than tho old-fashlonod ap
peal to the roe. Take, for example,
the sentimentalizing which goes on in
some refined families. The boy must
not pick daisies because "the mother
daisy grieves over the death of her
dear little ones." and so on. This Is
not only inane, but It is the worst kind
of cruelty because It p'.:ts the wretched
boy fataily out f touch with the re
alities of the svorl 1.
HALF-WAY .MTEAerKKS.
If Urother Ciim. who ridicules local
option and prohibition, before the
Christian convention, will tarry a
while In Oregon, he will get testimony
from many sources to convince him
that he has made a mistake, and
from other sources that he has not.
Here there are about twenty counties
with local prohibition. A traveler
through Ores-on recently reported that
the law was not enforced in some of
the counties. Indifferently enforced in
others and rigidly enforced In a few
others.
It denends on the community. If
there is a strong and active sentiment
against liquor, ltquor-eelllng and liquor
drinking. It will manifest itself In the
election of otlicers who will aee that
the law is obeyed. If the community
is divided, or If In any city or town
prohibition haa been Imposed ngalnst
local feeling, there the saloon has been
replaced, by the deadfall.- the speak
easy, the locker, the bootlegger and
the boKus soft-lrlnk emporium.
That Is local option in Oregon and
everywhere. Urother Crtm thinks It
hopeless to expect lasting reeults from
it But through It the community that
prefers aridity and sobriety can stay
dry. sober and peaceful; the people
who want the other thing get it
Urother Crtm Is weary with the effort
to reform people against their appe
tites and will. He would go to the
source of the evil by destroying the
distillery and the brewery. Hut the
brewery and the distillery are only half
way on the road to the real origin of
all the mischief. If liquor-making
and llquor-drtnklng are to be reme
died onlv by going to the fountain
head, the only sound way is to abollsn
the hopyard. the wheat field, the corn
field, rye. sugar cane, rice, potatoes
and other abundant products from
which beer, whisky and other liquors
are mail a. What is the use of any
half-way mensurest
tOE BR YAK TTU-eT TVTWONT
Sir. Bryan quotes in his Commoner
from the Sioux City (la.) Journal an
ajilt 1 which he captions "A Republl
can Newapaper on "Bryan"1.' " and
which contains expressions that evl
dently reflect the present Bryan view
of an interesting public subject. The
Sioux City paper describes consecu
tively the several defeats of Mr. Bryan,
but finds that while the country de
feated Bryan because he was Bryan,
It elected Taft because he was for
Bryanlsm or the twin Rooscveltlsm. or
it thought he was. It defeated Bryan
In 1398 because he was a radical; It
elected Taft In 108 because it had
become a fixed National habit to re
ject Bryan. But it has become great
ly dissatisfied with President 'iait ne-
cause he Is not more like Bryan. Now,
continues the Journal:
Tha ritemocratlr Dartv Is looking for
sura enough radical to oppoaa Taft. If It
.fi tha naht man It ronnd'ntlr ba-
lm ha can be ale.-td ovr Taft by a
largo a majority aa Talt nan over nry
In toe ronfui'd rampalsn of !!. Tha talk
n. la that Wooriruar H'Hion Is the right
.a ir ha ran Mcurf the Indnraem nt of
Jiryan. Wllaon la a fjnuar conrvain
ho turned radical alter raiicaiim nma
boeo mail, fashionable through tna inula
tire at Bryan.
If Wilson turned his tack on his
ncient conservatism when he had be-
coaie "fashionable" through the initia
tive of Bryan, for that reason. It
may be supposed there Is some doubt
In Bryan's mind aa to whether he is
a sure enough radical. Are there any
sure-enough radicals besides Bryant
Mr. Bryan arrears to accept compla
cently and approvingly the Journal'i
statement thai the right man must se
cure the Indorsement of Bryan. But
how nearly can anybody be right who
took to the cyclone cellar In the dark
das of ' and who emerged only
when the political fashions had
changed? There la only one Bryan
man that Mr. Bryan can unconaltlon
lonally trust. Putting his O. K. on one's
residuary legatee as a Presidential
nominee Involves a grave responsibil
ity and equally grave consequences, as
Mr. Bryan may leavrn by consulting
Mr. Roosevelt.
IIOVT uRS.IT Ay ELEMENT IS Hf-XT
What part dooa luck play In one's
success! Is the question which has
been put to a number of distinguished
Frenchmen and their answers vary
widely, from a denial that there is
such a thing as luck to an admission
that luck plays the chief part In all
things. Paul Deroulede sal.l that the
recipe for success was one-quarter luck
to three-quarters perseverance. But
several Insist that luck amounts to lit
tle, some putting It as low as 10 per
cant.
Most precise of all Is a member of
the Academy of Medicine, who says:
ftuoeaaa la made up of Intalllgenca. ra
pacity and luck. At eheae talent miani
la par cant and chance nil; but at reuletta
chance meane loO per cant and talvnt nil.
Itwen thaaa two extramae He an poaai
bllltlea Succeaa, I ahuu.d say. needs 60
per rent InteKiitenre. 10 per cent lnduatry
and SO per rant luck. lint theaa flgur-a
ahnuld be taken a prbdurta, not a addi
tion. If any of tneae thraa farultlea or
poetera la nil. then the result will be nil.
too. After all la aaid and dona, the question
whether we have been born Intelligent la
Itself a matter ot chance or luca. l nere ta
no woraa atroka of bad luck than to be
bora a fooL
Jules Lemaltre thinks there la no
such thing as luck. "What we call
luck Is the belief in some equalizing
power: an Idea born of the innate In
stinct of Justice in man." And at tho
other extreme is the composer Masse
net, who says: Tea, I believe In luck
especially in others."
But If the chess-players opponent
makes a false move which leaves him
an opening, is that not luck which re
duces below 100 the percentage of tal
ent entering into success? At roulette
a winning player must exercise Intel
ligence, in order to know when to stop
playing, hence his success is not due
entirely to luck.
Luck in some degree corresponds
to that "tide in the affairs of men
hich. taken at the flood, leads on
to fortune. l he quotation from
Shakespeare's Julius Caesar continues:
Omitted, all the voyage of their life
la bound In shallows and In mlaetiea.
Industry Is required to get into the
tide, perseverance must be exercised
to keep In It and not be diverted by
some side current and Intelligence
must be used to know when it Is at
the flood and take it then.
What Is commonly called luck Is a
!arg element In the lives of all men,
but men are too often called lucky be
cause their fellows do not kjiow or J
are unwilling to admit the qualities of
mind and character which have con
trlbuted to the so-called stroke of luck
On the other hand, the chronic failure,
the human derelict is prone to blame
his "rotten luck" for "slings of for
tune." which are nothing but the fruit
of his own follies, either of commis
slon or omission, for the last person
such an one is willing to blame is
himself.
In short, good luck Is the scapegoa
of thlse who see others achieve where
they have fallen short and bad luck
Is tha scapegoat of those who have
failed. If each man exercises the seV'
eral qualities which the Frenchmen
mention perseverance, industry and
intelligence his share of luck is pretty-
apt to come and do him some good
If he lacks those qualities he will waste
the fruits of the greatest stroke of
luck and fortune, being a "fickle
Jade," is likely never to return.
REVISING THE nECUABATION.
It strikes one that some of the crit
los of ex-President Kliofs Fourth o
July address In Faneull Hall did no
read it very carefully before they be
gan to pour forth their reflections. One
commentator records that Dr. Eliot,
referring to the statement that all men
are created equal, "bluntly speaks of
It aa a lie." What the distinguished
orator really said was that "the state
ment la manifestly not true In every
sense."
Who ever dreamed that It was? Are
not some men fat by nature and some
lean, some muscular and some feeble.
sumgVpoete and some painters? What
Jefferson meant was that all men are
born equal before the law, that they
re born with a Just claim to equality
of opportunity in the world. Once
given the opportunity, it Is their own
fault If they fall to improve it.
Again, Dr. Kllot remarked that some
time, he hoped, education would clear
away the "error that every Journeyman
In the same trade should receive the
same sAages. that the hours of labor
during the day should be the same in
all occupations." and so on. Note
that Dr. KItot calls these propositions
"errors," but his critic counts them
"among the things which he would
have in his new Declaration of Inde
pendence," Is this not excellent fool
ing? It requires some little "gall"
first to quote a man as saying the ex
act opposite to what he did say and
then gravely scold him for doing it.
The remarkable point In Dr. Eliot's
address was his Insistence upon the
economic motive underlying human
affairs. He reasoned that tha Dec
laration of Independence was written
to correspond to the economio condi
tlons of a time when the citizenry of
the country was composed largely of
farmers, all In fairly comfortable cir
cumstances; without Industrial prob
lems and without social misery. If it
were to be rewritten now, he went on
to speculate. It would probably be
made to Jibe with current economic
conditions. Instead of the old insist
ence upon political freedom he de
clared that It would call for industrial
freedom because the public lnconven
lences which then flowed from pollt
leal tyranny have now been replaced
by others arising from industrial tyr
anny. This is too obvious to startle
any. reasonable person, but even If it
were the hottest radicalism, Faneull
Hall would have found It well In line
with familiar traditions. The audience
room which has heard so many radical
and revolutionary speeches could hard
ly have been much disturbed by the
cautious and restrained remarks of a
great scholar upon the manifest con
ditlons of the life around him.
THE WORLD'S UUUiEST LIBRARY.
The new public library that was
opened with great ceremony In New
Tork recently is housed in the largest
single building in the world devoted
to this purpose. It has a floor space of
I7&.000 square feet compared with
146.000 In the great library of Con
gress afAVashington, and represents a
combination formed by the Astor Li
brary, which was Incorporated in 1849,
the Lenox Library, Incorporated In
1870, and the Tilden Library, Incor
porated In 1887.
The total endowment of the three
foundations la 18,446, S00 and the new
Institution started out with 378,000
books on its shelves. The main reading-room
on the top floor is 295 feet
long. 77 feet wide and 60 feet high.
the lofty celling painted to repreaent
the sky with drifting clouds.
The Influence of the effort and op
portunity represented by this great
and artistic building with Its hundreds
of thousands of books and the Invita
tion and even enticements on every
hand to read, study and acquire Infor
mation, Is beyond computation. Even
aftetr It haa left Its stamp upon suc
cessive generations of men this chap
ter in lis history will remain un
written. A great and growing Institu
tion, an object lesson. In the progress
of human Intelligence, It will simply
take its place among the forces of
civilization that lay a shaping hand
upon the destinies of the race.
DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL BOOMS.
If the next President should be an
Ohioan, his name will be Taft, not
Harmon. Not every Democrat who
Is elected Governor of a normally Re
publican state can be regarded as
good Presidential timber. There was
quite a crop of them last year, but
the only one who haa succeeded In
enlisting any following outside his
own state is Wilson, of New Jersey.
An attempt has been made to Inflate
a boom for Marshall, of Indiana, but
the gas leaked out through many pin
holes in the envelope.
Publicity has everything to do with
the Inception of Presidential booms.
Whatever achievements Harmon has
to his credit have not been noised
abroad to the extent that Wilson's
feats have been. Wilson was a pictur
esque figure through having fceen a
president of Princeton, a university of
National fame, and few college presi
dents have gone into politics with
any remarkable success. There was
natural curiosity to see what sort of
a Governor a pedagogue would make
and the opportunity for publicity was
good through New Jersey's proximity
to New Tork, the news center of. the
country. When Wilson proceeded to
win one battle after another, to bowl
over the bosses like tenpins and to
force the Legislature to carry out
platform pledges) which had been
adopted only to bunco the voters, the
attention of the country became fas
tened on him. He riveted this atten
tion by his Western tour. In which he
recommended progressive measures
without the usual red fire of the in
surgentsnamely, furious denuncia
tions of the "interests." He had caught
the public ear. he stood In the lime
light, and Harmon could arouse but a
languid Interest.
Wllson'a jaoet riouv rival appear
to be Champ Clark, of Missouri, which
state has become a' good source of
Presidential timber since It became
doubtful In Presidential years. Clark's
prospects are somewhat complicated
by the pledge of support given Folk
at the state convention in 1910, but as
a candidate for President Folk is a
back number. He might have secured
the nomination while the Impression
of his prosecution of the St. Louis
grafters was fresh In 1904, had not
Bryan secured such an unbreakable
grip on the nomination, but since
then the Missouri Supreme Court has
undone his work and it has passed into
history. Folk is left over from a for
mer crop of candidates. Clark, on
the other hand, comes with the flush
of victory in 1910 and with the pres
tige of the Speakership.
If the Democrats should name Clark
for President, It is within the range
of possibility that the Republicans
might retaliate by naming ex-Governor
Hadley, of Missouri, for Vlce-Pres-klent
on the ticket with Taft. Hadley
has made a fine record both as Attorney-General
and Governor. In the
former capacity he co-operated with
Folk, then Governor, in anti-graft
prosecutions and became a National
figure through his successful prosecu
tion of the Waters-Pierce Oil Com
pany for combining with the Standard,
of other trusts and of race track
gamblers. He continued his good rec
ord aa Governor and has contributed
largely to make Missouri a Republi
can state.
Casualties of pence were reported as
the result of gun vibrations on the
Eastern shores of Virginia and Mary
land during the sinking of the old bat
tleshlp San Marcos by the twelve-Inch
guns of the New Hsmpshlre. These
consisted in the killing of hundreds
of unhatched chickens and thousands
of hard-shelled crabs. Farmers and
crab packers in the sone affected by
these vibrations have filed a strong
protest with the Navy Department
Against a repetition of this slaughter
of the innocents by further gun tests
in Chesapeake Bay. Reprisals upon
Industry and destruction of property
In time of war are unavoidable and
must be borne with patriotic stoicism.
but gunplay In time of peace arouses
no such response. It remains to be
seen whether the Government will
take this view of the matter and move
out to sea the next time it puts up
one of its old naval craft as a target.
The National Educational Associa
tion la fighting again the battle be
tween, the old and new, the past and
present, the ornamental and the use
ful. The conservative universities are
ruled by veneration for the great
works of the past; the progressive
Western universities and schools are
Inspired by the thought of great works
to be done in the future and by desire
to fit the growing generation to do
them. They have use for the works
of the past only so far as they aid in
doing greater works in the future.
They would shape the brain and hand
to do the work of the world and con
sider" that the most beautiful which
best serves man's ends. The conserv
ative East would beautify first and
make utility a secondary consideration.
Secretary Meyer's plan to have the
battleship fleet divide its time between
the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts is grat
ifying evidence that the East at last
realizes that the Pacific States are
not a mere distant colonial possession,
but are as much a part of the United
States as are the Atlantic States. But
Mr. Meyer need not wait for the com
pletion of the canal, near as it is. Now
is a good time to send the fleet.
She was indeed a sensible mother
who met her eloping son and his
young bride at the Union Depot in this
city last Sunday with kisses and con
gratulations. It is the part of wis
dom under such circumstances to ac
cept the situation, not only without
useless protest, but with amity. Just
think of the grandchildren!
The professional arbitrator is the
latest in labor affairs. The Kansas
coal miners and operators have Joint-,
ly employed W. L. A. Johnson In that
capacity and hope thereby to end
strikes. They may have many imita
tors until the walking delegate or
business agent Is supplanted.
Bruce, the Chesapeake spaniel, is
out of place on a farm and knows it.
He should be the pet of some childless
rich woman, with his own valet, has
msrble bathtub and all the other fol
derols of a poodle. He is as out of
place on a farm as the woman fitted
to be his mistress woulif be.
The latest crop estimate by the
Government shows that everything
that grows Is about one-fourth or more
short of normal and will. In conse
quence, command good prices. There
Is but one way to beat the game di
minish consumption and acquire bet
ter health.
If Captain Farla delayed landing the
passengers of the 8anta Rosa In re
sponse to orders from the owner;, as
dispatchers -state, the law should have
some dealings with the company's of-
Clals who gave the orders.
John Keats sang pathetically of the
owl that "for all his feathers was a-
cold." A news dispatch tells of the
pitiable plight of John D. Rockefeller,
who, for all his money, s "a-hot."
Poor rich man!
There Is one thief beyond the power
of Sheriffs to arrest and of courts to
punish, as Sheriff Bonn, of Lane
County learned when the wind
whisked a check out of his hand.
Early apples from The Dalles are
crowding late strawberries from many
parts, and between them the market
s well supplied with all the fruits that
make Portland famous.
One big thing to the credit of Post
master-General Hitchcock Is the raise
In pay he is giving to the rural deliv
ery carriers. They earn the money
in the hardest kind of work.
One of the demonstrations in con
struction of blg office buildings Is that
the best-paid men are the slowest to
quit when the whistle blows.
Pedestrians have right of way on
the crosswalk, but will be better off
by using a little vigilance.
Depend upon it, everybody in Atlan
tic City will know that Portland, Or..
Is on the map.
Nat Goodwin has a good memory.
Most men forget about all but tha first
and, latesK
Gleanings of the Day
That crops of grain, potatoes and
other food plants may be Increased not
only by rotating them with crops of
leguminous plants, but by actually
mixing the seeds and growing the
two crops together, has been proved
by T. L. Lyon and James A.vBlzzell, of
Cornell University. Such leguminous
plants as alfalfa, clover, peas, beans
and vetches manufacture their own
fertilizing nitrates, which not only In
crease the following crops of grain in
quantity, but also Increase their per
centage of grain, which Is the tissue
building substance of food. The Cor
nell experimenters have discovered
that not only may the soil be stored
with nitrogen compounds by turning
under the leguminous growths for fu
ture crops, but "the growth of legumes
may also furnish nitrogenous food to
other plants growing with them," and
"then influence the nitrification of the
soli besides." They Increase the per
centage of protein In timothy from
12.75 to 16.6s by sowing it with alfalfa
and from 17.19 to 24.66 by mixing its
seeds with red clover. Oats which
sown alone yielded 3750 pounds of hay
to the acre Increased the yield to 4850
pounds when sown with peas, while
another lot of oats which yielded 2900
pounds alone Increased to 3900 pounds
when sown with peas. By this method.
too, the nitrification f the soil con
tlnues long after harvest-
Sir Charles Watson, speaking at a
meeting of the Palestine Exploration
Fond, . referred to his recent visit to
Palestine and the explorations being
carried on at Beth Shemtsh by D. Dun
can Mackenzie, says a London dispatch
to the New York Sun. During the
past year the White Fathers of St.
Anne have discovered the site of the
church erected by the Empress Helens,
mother of Constantino, on the Mount
of Olives, over the sacred cave in
which, according to tradition, Christ
sat and taught his disciples. The
church was completely destroyed by
the Persians In the sixth century, and
its situation and that of the cave were
quite unknown.
Sir Charles said Dr. Mackenzie and
his assistants had found several pe
riods of construction, the earliest dat
ing very far back. Great quantities
of pottery of all ages had been found,
but bad not yet been classified. Va
rious flint Implements and bronze and
Iron objects had been found, while
other articles belonged to an Egyptian
occupation, possibly of the 18th dy
nasty. ,
In a debate on the Aldrloh National
reserve plan at the recent convention
of the New Tork Bankers' Association,
E. C. McDougal, of Buffalo, said:
. Ona gentleman here today said something
about tha fact that whan legislation of this
kind la Introduced by bankera tney would
Just aa soon trust criminals to formulate
the criminal laws and other classes of tha
communities to formulate lawa to apply to
them. I know, too. In eome cases, the
bankera era to blame for that, I think, and
In soma waya they are not. They ara to
blame for this reason. I think wa will ad
mit that we ourselves very seldom recom
mend and bring In legislation which la
primarily for the beneAt of our depositors,
unless It aeema to ba at tha same time for
the benefit of our stockholdera. Now. there
la where the bankers ara wrong. We ahoutd
bo first to bring In measures for tha benefit
of our depositors for the benefit of the
general public The next reason la that we
are kept ao busy defending ourselves, there
are ao many attacks on us oy the Legisla
ture that wa do not give very much time
to originating any lawa for the benefit of
our depositors. But the banka should realise
that helr first consideration should be tor
their depositors, and for the soundest pos
sible banking system and that their stock
holdera will be well taken care of on that
basla. '
Mr. McDougal has put his finger on
the cause of much of the distrust of
legislation. Bankers go to the Leg
islature to see that their interests are
guarded in new laws and pay no at
tention to the depositors, without
whom they could not exist. Manufac
turers,, merchants and fisheries do the
same with regard to the interests they
represent, ignoring the people who buy
their goods. If they would do some
thing to, help "tho other fellow" the
depositor or the customer the other
fellow would help them to safeguard
their interests by. proper legislation.
A battle between clans at Point
Creek Church, Whitley County, Ken
tucky, Is taken by the Louisville Cour
ier-Journal as the test for a lecture to
the Legislature on how to civilize the
mountains and backwoods. Three Gal-
amore brothers went to the church with
the avowed intention of breaking up
the services, and driving out the four
Swain brothers and were sent to glory
by the Swains, who plead self-defense
and recall a previous attack by the
Galamores in support of the plea.
Commenting on the enoounter, the
Courier-Journal says:
Encounters such aa tha Qalamore-Bwatn
battle do not occur where the highways are
broad and smooth, where the little country
echoolhouaes ara aufTlolently numerous and
ell conducted, and where Industrial pros
perity lifts the people above the necessity
or llvtna- In primitive homes and laboring
tinder the disadvantage of the limitation ot
their mental horlson to the natural horlxon
created by the eurroundlng hills. Whitley
County's backwooda dlatncta are not repre
sentative of Kentucky, as Is believed In a
considerable part of the United States,
thanks to the wide exploitation of tha de
tails ot such picturesque affrays as that re
ported from Williamsburg, but they are a
part of Kentucky, nevertheless. Tha people
of tna state owe n to tnemeeivea to pro
vide a avste-ro of taxation, highways and
schools that will give the people of the
backwooda an opportunity to develop the
abilities and virtues to which their excel
lent Anglo-Saxon blond entitles them. The
residents of the rich bluegraas counties upon
-which prosperity has smiled for a century
shirk a plain duty when they oppose liberal
lawa for road building upon the ground that
they would benefit pauper ooonttea rather
than their own section. And legislators who
play peanut politics at Frankfort and refuse
to conalder tax bills that aim at bringing
capital into Kentucky, at developing the
natural resources of the mountains aa well
as bringing a greater number of milts and
factories to other parts of the state, are
guilty of criminal neglect of their duty
as law makere.
The white man's burden Is not sviways
black.
There Is a fttortage of candidates for
midshipman at Annapolis. Only 300
appeared to fill 450 vancancles and only
140 of these passed the tests. Allow
ing for the usual number of failures,
there should have been 700 or 800 can
didates to fill all the vacancies.
A Terrific Romance, Almost.
Answers, London.
He took the proffered gloveless hand
In his, while high above them blew
soft breezes, which, descending, fanned
the stifling air that sought to stew
them as they stood there face to face.
Her brows were raised. What Joy to
Via ao naai this mieen of Smtlina STraCe.
to hold her hand so tenderly!
Tha Ano-aea raat. allm And WhitA.
for one brief moment on his palm. And
yet his face showed no aengni, nis
massive chest betrayed no qualm.
A- . Vans a hAVS rtlMnArseo'
the heated air and flies, he said, wlth-j
out a sign of love:
"Si and a- half, ma'am, ia j-oui size,"
BALLIXGER ASO POPULAR WILL
Writer Likens ex-Secretary to Alarm
lata ta Early Days of Nation,
PORTLAND July 5. (To the Editor.)
I note the recent statements of ex
Secretary R. A. Baillnger challenging
present-day popular government by the
people.
It is to be regretted that in this day
of printed page, rural free mall deliv
ery and generally discussed social and
economic affairs by the people, one as
learned as Mr. Baillnger should, bring
forth the same argument that was made
against popular government by the
framers of our National constitution.
With the limited knowledge of state
affairs when compared with the pres
ent day then prevailing among the
common people and with a large per
cent of the citizens disqualified through
a property franchise right, the demand
was even then so strong as to cause
fear for the adoption of the National
Constitut'on If submitted to the people
for ratification.
At the so-called constitutional con
vention, which was never called for
that purpose, Elbridge Gerry, of Massa
chusetts, said: "I am afraid' to submit
the proposed constitution to the peo
ple." , Mr. Madison afterward President
was afraid the majority would oppress
the wealthy minority and said: "In a
Republican form of government, the ma
jority, if united, have always an op
portunity" to defeat the ruling mi
nority. His plan was to keep them
divided and thus destroy their unity
of action through conflicting interests
of representation
Mr. Rutledge. of South Carolina, had
no faith in the people. He said: "If
this convention had been chosen by the
people In districts it is not supposed
that such proper characters as com
posed that body would have been pre
ferred." Listen to Mr. Baillnger at Aber
deen's celebration July 4, 1911:
Will not every ona say who candidly sur
veys the situation, that the tendency to
legislate In our constitutions, to weaken our
representative system, to leave to the pop
ulace the decision and disposition of public
functions which dSmand the deliberate con
aideratlon of men of wisdom and of special
selection. Is destructive of the liberty sought
to be secured by our constitutional system,
and, most of ail. produce a mutable policy .
Is this not the same spirit that ruled
the self-imposed constitutional conven
tion of revolutionary war times, when
we had not a smattering of the knowl
edge of economics that prevails today?
This same issue was loudly proclaimed
during the agitation for the adoption of
the Initiative and referendum. In this
state, which today stands In popular
favor with our people and Is fast pre
paring every state In the Union for a
similar privilege.
The Issue is fully demonstrated, not
in fiction but in fact, that the people
are the government. Their manage
ment may not be to the liking of the
special Interests; neither is it neces
sary that their actions and legislation
be always perfection. Their mistakes
are as easily corrected as are the mis
takes of an arbitrary representative
body and their blunders far less In
number and magnitude.
The fact remains that the people are
fast coming to the management of their
state affairs by a more direct method.
The general education and common
knowledge, as the legitimate offspring
of the common or public school system,
has prepared the people to surmount ev
ery possible objection for complete,
democratic self-government. Every
impediment placed in the path of prog
ress by any autocratic power will only
add to the force that will sweep It
away. Flowery words and fine techni
calities fall to stay the pending changes
demanded by an educated populace; and
we sweep irresistibly on.
C, W. BARZEB.
Pedestrian Has Slim Chance.
Buffalo (New York) News.
Here was a case where It seemed a
If ,1'trvihlnr was settled. The In
snrance company's doctor had reported
rt to he nil rierht.
and the man himself had certified that
he was not engaged in any aangerou
Aiinnatlnn
'T laaH a naripntnrv life." he told
h.m "t work In ttn office and we
have no danger or excitement.
"How about the sports? the exam
iner asked. "Do you football? Base
ball? Do you box? Do you belong to
an athletic club?"
"No none of that stuff. I guess I m
a sate risk.
"Do you scorch?"
"What do you mean?"
"Do you drive your car faster than
the speed limit?"
"I have no car."
"What? How do you get about?"
"I walk."
"Rlolr mfuaori ' A Rrnrph,!- l- a. rlan-
grerouB risk, but a pedestrian has no
chance at ail. Buy a car, oia man
Sorry good night!"
THE HOTHOUSE METHOD.
Professor Boris Sldis claims the train
ing of the kid la
Not everything it should be in our
nroarresslVA day:
That his system psychologic should
supplant the pedagogic
Methods that at present hamper us on
, learning's thorny way.
The Sldis system drastic grabs tho mind
when it is plastic.
And early is the twig inclined toward
mathematlo lore.
"Til a youth of seven Winters can
knock Euclid Into splinters.
While most of his contemporaries
balk at "four times four.
With Baby's milk dentation, comes
Demosthenes oration.
An almost simultaneous growth like
nuDDvdogs and fleas
And bis convolutions can knit rings
around the Persian bansant.
Where our present system binds him
to the simple A B Cs.
He-can argue on extension to a fourth
or yfth dimension.
And can draw dodekahedrlgons
whatever those things be
While a lad of the old system never
heard of them or missed era
From his limited arithmetic or his
geometry.
When the prodigy Is twenty, then his
learning will be plenty
To confound the deepest scientists
and thinkers of the age.
And then if he be alive still at the age
of twenty-five, will
Rank him up, to put it mildly, as the
Dickens of a sage.
But the thing that puzzles me now is
the fact I cannot see how.
With his baby bites of Sanskrit, and
bis boyhood, science filled.
He will have a chance of learning.
when the Autumn leaves are turn
ing. Where crabapples ripen thickest, and
where chestnuts have been spuiea.
Will the lines of "Do Corona" give unto
the boy alone a
Clue by which he can translate with
ease the lansruaee of his dog?
Will the fourth or fifth dimension e'er
improve on that invention
Of a forked stick with which to twist
a rabbit from a log?
After all. Professor Sldls may have am
ple right to Old us
To plunge straight out from the
xeaia into 1aarninars crabbed land.
But myself I really can t see, but that
childhood's age or rancy
Is lots shorter than the most of us
would have It, as it stands. -i
Dean Collins, Portland,
Advertising Talks
Br William C Freamaa,
I received a letter from Frederick
Edward McKay, from Seattle, recently.
He Is now manager and half owner of
"The Yankee Girl" company. In which
his wife. Miss Blanche Ring, is star
ring. While in Seattle Mr. McKay wrote an
article which appeared in tha Post-ln-telllgencer
at the head of the dramatic
department. On this subject he writes:
"As I read my own paragraph a sec
ond time, it occurs to me that you might
be glad to have it sent to you as a text
for one of your dally chats. The point
I make is that If a manager who is in
the same class with all other business
men make, an honest and valiant ef
fort to give his patrons "the goods" and
advertises exactly what he has, he will
make all the money he requires In this
world, and the mere fact that his pro
duction is financially successful in first
class theaters proves that it must be
artistic must have merit.
"Every week throughout the last two
seasons a great many dollars have been
spent In the daily newspapers in the
various cities In which Miss Ring has
appeared. As I look upon the profits of
these two tours I consider that a very
considerable portion of them Is dne to
tbe thousands of dollars spent in extra
advertising In the daily newspapers and
the further fact that the old-fashioned
hot air over-elaborate methods of
vrritfnsr tkeae advertiaementa has been
thrown to the discard. Henceforth I
will spend twice aa much money in this
direction as hitherto, realizing that in
the theatrical business, as in other
lines of occupation, the scheme of
qraU'a-eye statements In the dally press
Is simply casting bread upon the wa
ters." When Mr. McKay and I were associ
ated together we often talked about
the value of advertising discussed the
methods employed by theaters and we
always agreed that a theater running
a good play would always be filled with
an appreciative audience if the man
agement took the trouble to put some
human Interest, as well as facts in the
advertising copy.
I am glad to know that Mr. McKay
has done this on his own account and
that he has succeeded. The plan that
he has carried out so successfully
should be adopted by theaters every
where. Five-line theater announce
ments have little if any effect,
(To be continued.)
Country Town Sayings by Ed Ho wa
(Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew
Adams.)
If you can't do anything well your
self, be a critic.
If any one gives you more than ho
gets in return, you may rest assured
it is counterfeit.
One reason some actors change their
names is that their acting is so bad
they don't want people to know who
they are.
People don't seem to be homesick as
much as they formerly did.
Most ministers are too willing to al
low strangers to strike their congre
gations for a collection.
If a woman of 30 marries a man of
60, people say she is 18 and her hus
band near 70.
Too many men, when asked for an
opinion, try to decide in favor of all
parties concerned .
I believe I never knew a widower
who was not abused for not visiting
his wife's grave oftener.
A rich man usually has poor kin to
keep him humble.
No man ever enjoys the kisses en
closed in a letter; but they are said to
make women feel happier.
This is the season when a woman
never goes to the front door without
chasing out a fly.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregon.an, July 11, 1861.
The first Central Overland mail left
Placerville on the 1st of July. The
coach and horses were decorated with
American flags. There were six bags
of letter mail and 28 bags of paper
mall, weighing 1776 pounds.
The U. S. troops have been removed
from the fort near Klamath reserva
tion. The Indians In the country are
Just double the white population, and
some solicitude is felt for their safety.
The people are about organizing them
selves into military companies.
There was a severe shock of earth
quake at Pan Francisco on the 30th.
It lasted 15 seconds.
Tkn.. waa a profit flrft In San Fran
cisco on the 8d. It was progressing
at the date of the dispatch. Fifteen
buildings were burning. loe winci
was high. The Are commenced on the
corner of Valleio and Kearny streets.
There was no water.
Stop it. Bathing in front of private
dwellings. If this Is not done there
will be some striped hides.
The comet, one day last week, occu
pied a portion of the same space that
the earth had occupied the day before.
A meeting would have done no harm.
The earth would jhave gone through the
comet without the least inconvenience.
What are comets made for?
Brad's Bit o' Verse
You think your life is all -up hill?
Then think of poor old Kaiser Bill: If
anyone deserves a crown for daring
dark misfortune's frown it surely is
that monarch grand who tries to run
Der Faterland. In vain his fierce
mustaohioa point upward with Imperial
pose; in vain he chants Pie Wacht
am JUiine they calmly chuck his
right divine and teil him bluntly to
his face that "Me unt Gott" can't boss
that ra.ee. The reichstag hands hlra
out a chunk that makes his dally life
seem punk; his stein of beer has lost
it charra; his soul is filled with deep
alarm. He sees the people getting wise
it brings the tear drops to his eyes:
each day with bootless worry teems;
the spooks of freedom haunt his
dreams. The trouble with our good
friend Bill, be wants to see the world
stand still. He thinks it might ad
vance too fast; he loves the cobwebs
of the past. And there be others of
his kind who grope about in darkness
blind like blinking owl3 that fear the
light and hoot at all things fair and
bright- If all such dubs would disap
pear and leave the track of progress
clear, this world would lose a heavy
load and be a place of blest abode.
(Copyright, 1811, by W. D. Meng.) -
v.
f