TTTE ?rOKnXG OTCEGOXIAX. FRIDAY, JUNE 16, 1911. i
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The time will coma soon. It may be
nippoeed. wtien tha Administration at
Vjh!rntoa will take tha country Into
lu full confidence as to the reasons
for mobilising tha American, troops on
tha Mexican boundary. Tat tha peo
ple ara In a remarkably patient mood,
contracted with the excitement, won
der and Impatience manifested when
the aensatiiiaaj movement of troopa
began. There has been no war. The
resentment of no foreign nation,
rowed friend or putative foe, has
been excltnl. The Insurrection is prac
tically over. Feace and order along;
tha border hare been preserved. The
possible aggressions of the Mikado
have been foiled. The preparedness
of the small American Army has been
demonstrated. The "maneuvers" hare
been a success.
The people of the United States ara
already satisfied. without official
knowledge, that J he President acted
with wisdom and Justifiable celerity
In the Mexican matter. The profes
sional critics, who were rreatly dis
turbed at tha VaTessive advance
agalut a friendly cation, and were
loudly apprehensive of a disastrous
international lmbreglio. now have
nothing to say. They were mistaken.
Their agitation was for public effect.
They knew little aboat Mexico and less
about its Internal affairs. They cared
nov anything. Their main purpose was
to embarrass tlie Administration by
demanding explanations when explan
ations could not well be made. Soon
they may be made without difficulty,
but tha anguished curiosity of the
yellow-peril alarmists grows leas and
less acute as the time- of closing the
episode draws near. A satisfactory
and convincing statement from Wash
ington is the last thing they want.
Mexico Is calm or becoming calm.
Japan Is just as far away as ever.
President rlas has peaceably with
drawn, a friendly government has been
Installed, tha foreign nations have
been reassured, and a - clear Na
tional duty has been done. President
Tart's policy toward Mexico has been
vindicated.
MIX ATORIAI, COOrTTJiT aVERlKVB.
Senatorial courtesy Is sometimes
stretched to such limits that, no mat
ter who Is talking. It Is difficult to
It now who Is speaking. Sutherland
had tha floor for a set speech on direct
election on one occasion when Rayner
asked to be heard. The Vice-President
naked Sutherland If ha would
yield, and Sutherland replied, "Cer
tainly." Then Rayner made a little
speech and he and Sutherland had a
wordy colloquy with a few remarks
from Root Interpolated. Next Will
lams took a hand and there were three
of them at It through a whole page
of the Congressional Record: Will
lams retired and Nelson stepped Into
tha fray, followed by Heyburn and
Koran, who Joined Rayner In keeping
the talk flowing through another col
umn of the Record.
Sutherland now grew tired of keep
ing hrs speech bottled up while tha
other Senators talked. When Borah
asked leave to put in another word,
he said:
"I will yield to the Senator from
Idaho and then 1 must proceed."
He) burn then interpoeed, bursting
with an Idea, and shut off Lodge, who
also had one. and Sutherland reluc
tantly yleldej to him with the hope
that he would be brief. Hcyburn
delivered himself of his Idea and
promptly Lode. Rayner and others
ara. Sutherland declined to yield
further, but. unable to resist Lodge's
appealing glance, relented In his favor.
F.ayner began to talk, but was re
buked by the Vice-President and sub
elded. Lodge made his few remarks
nd Sutherland, expressing his "desire
to get back to the point where I was
when the etrm broke." resumed his
speech. But the storm was not yet
rver. for another iuall came between
Futherland and Rorah. bofore the
former was allowed to finish his
argument.
And what was this all about? It
concerned the purpose of the framers
cf tha Constitution In .giving Congress
authority to fit tha time, place and
manner of election of Senators by
rate legislatures a purely academical
question, which was of live Interest in
17. but is out of date in 1111. since
Federal control of Congressional elec
tions was abandoned in practice dur
ing the Hayes Administration and an
attempt to revive It was defeated by
Quay's great filibuster. What Con
gress has In effect decided not to at
tempt with regard to members of tha
House. It Is not likely to attempt with
regard to tha Senate, and the Sectors
Jrnow It. They only talked about this
subject and let their Senatorial cour
tesy step on tha toga of their Sena
torial dignity la order to keep away
from the main question. They sought
to confuse tha Issue by talking about
tha right of Congress to exercise a
power which there Is only tha remot
est possibility that It aver would
exercise
Tha reading of one day's proceed
ings of tha Senate makes apparent
that there U a great deal of old-world
trash in Its rules, customs and tradi
tions, which would ba thrown out by
a body which knew It had to produce
tanglbl results for tha people or stay
at home. '
Tha Oregonlan thinks tha new audi
torium ought to ba grouped as nearly
a possible with other public build
ings. It Is not concerned about the
specific site. The Mechanics Fair site
would be satisfactory. The Lincoln
High School site would be good. If ob
jection Is made that the school district
would Insist on payment tha ar
il et price, it may ba replied that the
taxpayer even then only takes money
out of one pocket to put It In another.
But perhaps the school district, having
practically the same boundaries ter
ritorially as Portland, might be per
suaded to turn . over the site to the
city. Wry not? Or possibly a baste .of
trade of tha Mechanics' Fair site for
tha Lincoln site might be arranged.
RECALLING AN OREGON JTBGE!
There Is talk, we hear, of recalling
a Judge In Southern Oregon who pre
sided at a recent notorious murdor
trial and who made puling not pleas
ing to friends of tha homicide's vic
tim. Tha defendant was acquitted;
therefore the Judge must be held ac
countable. Why not? A Judge on the
boach ought so to conduct his court
as to please everybody, not to offend
anybody. If he cannot do it, fails
tn his obvious duty, set the recall on
him. That Is what It Is for to get
rtd of unpopular public officials
mayors, councllmen, legislators. Judges
and all officers under the representa
tive system who do not represent.
To avoid misunderstanding. The
Oregon Ian will say that the foregoing
is written derisively and sarcastically.
It has been unable to see, however, any
difference, except perhaps In degree,
between tha recall for a governor or
a mayor or a legislator and the recall
for a Judge. The recall Is a ready
Instrument for the removal of un
faithful public officers. If it la proper
to invoke the recall on an unfaithful
mayor or councilman, why Is It not
proper to Invoke the recall on an un
faithful Judge? But who 'shall say
when a Judge Is unfaithful? Who shall
accuse him? Disappointed litigants,
or tha friends and partisans of dis
satisfied plaintiffs or defendants?
Should there be a trial or U the ar
bitrament of the public sufficient?
We suppose It ought to be, since the
public is entitled to have such public
officers as It wants. Including Judges,
and to dismiss such as it does not
want, merely for the reason that It
does not want them.
This Southern Oregon Judge. If there
hall ba an attempt to recall him. will
of course not be recalled. But wa
think the Incident may open the eyes
of the public to the necessity of put
ting soma safeguards about this Im
portant feature of tha Oregon system.
If the recall may be used on a
Judge for hia decisions, why may not
the referendum be Invoked against the
decisions themselves?
rrouc wix.
Tha ruling of tha War Department
fixing a closed period for the Willam
ette River drawbridges Is the logical
outcome of the failure of the Govern
ment's case against Judge Cleeton and
Commissioners Lightner and Hart sev
eral months ago.
As pointed out at that time, the
court decision sustained the county au
thorities In an important particular.
While It held that the county, without
the consent of the Government, could
not lawfully establish a closed draw
period that would remain in force de
spite absence of land trafllc congestion.
It plainly conceded that land traffic
should not be unreasonably blockaded
by obedience to draw signals from
river craft.
This decision might reasonably have
been expected. In the absence of War
Department concessions, to result In
continual conflict between the discre
tion of the bridge tenders and the de
mands of the vessels In the river. No
gauge or standard could be fixed
whereby the bridge tenders could de
termine that the land traffic needs pre
dominated over those of the river
trafllc, or vice versa. Attempt to ex
ercise discretion In opening the draws
might reasonably have, been expected
to causa a succession of criminal ac-
in whlrh luriea would determine
whether the law had been violated by
the brldce operators.
The War Department's order, how
aver, clears the situation and. more
over, concedes' what the great major
ity of Portland s citizens desire, in er
trft it is a eomDromlse, for had land
traffic Insisted on Its rights, opening of
the draws might have Deen aeniea at
any hour of the day when the volume
nt mrrii tramc became rreat. Still.
the thousands of people destined for
their homes in the evening rush hours
would not have had complete assur
ance that they would not be delayed.
Vrohablv. In view of the order, the
county authorities, representing the
land traffic Interests, will not Insist on
their rights between closed periods.
But In the morning ana evening rusn
hours quick passage to and from the
East and West Sides will be assured.
LAWS PROTECTIOX OT XTRDntKR.
The United States excels not only
In the rate of Its development, the
mileage of Its railroads, the genius of
Its Inventors, the size of its swollen
fortunes, the hugeness of Its trusts,
the speed, strength and skill of its ath
letes, but In the number of Its mur
ders. It also excels In the proportion
of Its murderers w ho go not only un
hanged or unelectrorute'd, but alto
gether unpunished. The fault lies less
with the law than with the lawyers
and Judgea and tha rules of procedure
they have made for the courts. Much
fault also Uea with tha Jury system
and finally with public opinion.
In an article In tha World's Work,
Herbert F. Fisher says that approxi
mately tOOO murders and homicides
are committed annually In the United
States and that less than I per cent
of tha guilty are punished. He sums
up the record of the principal nations
thus:
Today we nave la the Cnlted States 111
homt-Me per mllltoa Inhabitant: Italy
has !u6 por mlllloa, Uormanr IS. Franca 19,
Groat Brltaia aad lraiand 17 par tnliUoa.
Great Britain hangs one In four
murderers and does it promptly; the
United States hangs one In fifty and
the Interval between murder' and
hanging Is so long that the newspapers
have to remind their readers for what
crime tha man Is hanged.
When a murderer Is captured in
Britain, public discussion of the case
ceases until ha Is tried. Then the
Judge and Jury, not the lawyers, try
him. The Judge runs tha court, not
tha lawyers. If ha Is sentenced to be
hanged, three Sundays ara allowed to
Intervene before execution. The only
Question remaining Is: Will the Home
Secretary, who exercises the pardon
ing power of tha King, commute the
sentence or pardon the prisoner. It Is
at that point that public opinion takes
a hand, but Home Secretaries are
chary about exercising the power nd
they don't worry much about senti
mental public opinion; they demand
sound reasons for action.
In tha United States, if a murderer
happens to ba caught, all the evidence
Is threshed out by the public before
tha trial. Every "1" must be dotted,
very "t crossed In tha indictment
or It may be annulled. Several days
are consumed in empaneling a Jury,
while as many hours suffice In Eng
land. The question becomes: Will
the murderer be convicted In the first
or some other degree? If he Is con
victed in any degree, the question Is,
Will he ret a new trial? If he is de
nied a new trial, the question Is. Will
the Governor pardon him or commute
the sentence? Then all the murder
era' friends and relations and all their
friends and relations and often the
Judge, Jury and prosecuting attorney
petition the Governor to pardon or
commute. The Governor, being sua
ceptlble, pays more attention to the
urgent pleas of the Insistent few than
to the desires of the apathetic many
who consider that they have elected
officials to attend to the hanging of
murderers and do not trouble about It
unless a particularly glaring failure
of Justice Is threatened. Inefficient
police and detective service are also
partly responsible, but that is a sub
ject by Itself.
In the end we find that a low value
Is put on the life of trie good citizen
who is murdered and' a very high
value on that of the man who murders
him. We ought to reverse tha
valuation.
St'GAB TRrST TASKS CONSUMER.
Tho admissions of President Atkins,
of tha sugar trust, before the House
committee, show that the trust is Im
posing a direct tax on the people of
the Pacific Coast, being enabled to do
so by its virtual monopoly. The trust
controls the Pacific Coast refineries
and establishes the same price on the
Pacific as on the Atlantic Coast, al
though the Pacific Coast refineries get
raw sugar free of duty from Hawaii
and the Philippines, while the Atlantic
refineries pay $1.84 per hundred
pounds duty on Cubar sugar. The
difference on the Pacific Coast, goes
to the trust Instead of to the consumer
and is sufficient to offset freight by
railroad as far east as Chicago.
Such a condition holds out little
prospect of relief to the consumer
from free raw materials until tne
trusts have been subjected to more
rigid regulation or competitive condi
tions have been restored. Even when
the tariff on manufactured articles is
reduced, such trusts as the Lnlon
Thread trust will not be affected, for
that conc6rn has mills In both the
United States and Scotland, and what
it lost In profit on American product
It would gain on European product.
The trusts are gradually becoming
International, building factories In
Canada and Europe to take advantage
of favorable tariff and other condi
tions to supply the markets of those
countries.
TUB PART OF WISDOM.
The elopement and marriage of a
boy and girl Is usually arrant folly;
such an elopement without marriage
Is, of course. Infinitely worse. The first
In all probability will result in the un
happlness of both: the last will result
In the disgrace of at least one of them.
When, however, honorable marriage
and a sincere, even If ill-timed, effort
to set up a home for themselves find
expression In the elopement and secret
marriage of children, wise parents ac
quiesce without public display of dis
approval, since, however Just their
wrath, nothing is to be gained by pur
suit of the willful pair and in visiting
them with parental anathema. It is
the part of wisdom to accept the In
evitable In such a case, get the boy a
Job (if he needs one, as he usually
does), help them to set up their. home
In a modest, unassuming way, and then
leave them to their own devices, abso
lutely without Interference or advice.
They will thus be enabled to fight out
the preliminary skirmishes In the bat
tle of life In their own way and be bet
ter equipped for the vicissitudes of the
coming years than they could have
been had they been taken home and
coddled, after a stormy scene of boot
less parental opposition. Besides ard
this Is worth parental consideration
this course will leave the way open for
the parents to welcome and enjoy thalr
grandchildren.
THE rSELESS "HIKE."
Speaking of the Summer "hikes"
that are being planned for our citizen
soldiery the state militia the Wash
ington Post sensibly declares that "en
forced marches under unendurable
conditions can have no possible bene
fits." The truth of this statement Li
reinforced by citation to a march
which soldiers in Texas were recently
ordered to make. This consisted of a
hike of 100 miles between Galveston
and Houston and back again by the
First Independent Brigade.
Just what the country gained in
proven military prowess or promise, or
what was gained In the welfare of the
brigade, does not appear. What the
record does show, however. Is that 360
men were overcome by the Intense
heat before the first half of the "hike"
was accomplished. With the temper
ature above 100 degrees men fell un
conscious by the roadside and those
who were able to struggle-on became
half frantic from burning thirst.
It Is further reported that the offi
cers were called all sorts of uncompli
mentary names as they rode by the
column of 4000 men, choked .with
limestone dust and parched by the
almost unendurable heat. Says the
Post:
Rowland g-reateat poet laurat haa eelo
bratrd tha charga of tha LlKht Brlfada In
nnforitattaMs vrraa. That herola onslaught
in hopeloaa. but not altuxxthar naaltsa.
Without rhanca of auceeaa. thrra waa at least
a tanglbla enemy to tha front, and thoo
who threw their Uvea away had tha aavlnc
thought that tha crowning meed of military
(lory would ba thrtra. Hut the Galveston-to-Houfttnn
march la bareft of all blah
honor. If comparable to any prevlou mili
tary feat. It muil bo likened to that of tha
duka who marched vp a Mil. and then
mar-hod down aialo.
That a march of this kind Is the ex
treme folly the outgrowth of an era
of ill-directed strenuousness Is appar
ent. When tha great Civil War broke
out. It exigencies appealed to a multi
tude of patriotic but untrained men.
Rallying to the. call of the President,
It was found that they needed drill in
discipline and In handling arms to
make them effective. This given, they
were to some extent prepared for the
fatigue and discomforts of the march,
and when It came to this they were
met as an unavoidable necessity for
which no extensive practice was need,
ed. The tramp In this case was a
means to an end. The men were re
quired to get within fighting range of
the opposing army and were eager to
do It
It may be conceded that militia drill
is Important, and to be effective for an
always possible emergency It should be
regular and exacting, while the spas
modic "hike" exhausts but does not
season the soldier In endurance. En
forced, under unendurable circum
stances, and without the stimulus of
necessity. Its affect' la to subdue pa
trlotism and breed contempt for the
compelling power. What good, for
example, could possibly result from an
experiment from which 10 per cent of
the men came out Incapacitated for
further service, many of them proba
bly suffering permanent injury?
Officers of the militia of a number of
states have entered vigorous protests
against useless, exhausting and mean
ingless maneuvers, the results of which
add nothing to the real knowledge of
warfare or to the physical strength to
endure Its hardships. These hardships
when they come will be met with cour
age and willingness begotten of necessity.
The professional East Siders who
want the auditorium on the East Side
because it is the East Side propose
something new. They are going to try
the Initiative again on the location,
not being satisfied with the decision
of the people through the referendum
to leave the location to a' commission.
Correcting the referendum with the
initiative is certainly ingenious and
worthy of men who have nothing to
do but think up ways to bother and
pester the electorate. Here is a hint
for Kellaher and Riesland. The peo
ple turned down their Initiative bill
for a fl. 000.000 paving plant and their
other Initiative bill for a public utili
ties commission. Why not try the ref
erendum on the initiative? No ques
tion Is ever decided till it is decided
right, even when the people decide it;
and there Is a fixed opinion In the
minds of at least two persons that the
people never decide a thing right until
they decide it as Kellaher and Ries
land want It decided.
At last we have a trust's definition
of a reasonable trust. The General
Baking Company, of New York, which
is said to be a merger of twenty-one
bakery firms, took pains to disclaim
any intention of violating the law as
construed In the Standard Oil decision
and announces Its real purpose to be
"progressive through the advantage of
wise buying of materials, employment
of economies, scientific and up-to-date
methods of manufacturing and by its
extensive advertising system it pro
poses to educate the public to a higher
standard of quality in bread." And
Incidentally a higher standard of
prices, though this is carefully not
mentioned.
The census of Ireland for 1911
shows that the decrease in population
has almost ceased, being only 1.7 per
cent. The ratio of decrease reached
its maximum of 19.8 in 1851, the cen
sus after the famine, and has declined
steadily ever since, except that 1891
showed a Jump in the decrease of 9.1
per cent. That was the census follow,
lng the most prolonged period of vio
lent agitation. But the great measures
of land reform are showing their ef
fects and the next census should show
an increase' in population, for home
rule is now in sight and many expatri
ated Irishmen may return to enjoy it.
The designation of teachers for the
various grades and departments of the
Portland public schools Is an annual
news item the publication of which is
awaited with Impatience and scanned
with interest. The selection and ap
portionment' pf these teachers, some
800 in number, involves considerable
time, and much patient hearing on the
part of the School Board. Scanning
the list. It is gratifying to note that
few changes in the corps were con
sidered necessary, since this Indicates
that the work Is being satisfactorily
done by a trained body of teachers.
By falling In with Underwood in re
taining a duty on raw wool. Speaker
Clark has forfeited the support of
Bryan for the Democratic nomination
for President in 1912. In his state
ment to the House Democrats oppos
ing the wool duty, Bryan In advance
accused Clark of "a cowardly sur
render" to the Democratic protection
ists. Now if Clark should be nomi
nated, what will. Bryan do? Suspend
operations with his vocal organs or
fall in line for tho sake of harmony
Democratic harmony,xoft sought, sel
dom found.
The man who obtains money on
worthless checks always offers the ex
cuse that he thought he could get the
money Into the bank before the paper
was presented, which is about as good
as the idea of the hold-up man that he
can get away before the officers of the
law catch him. The more Intelligent
rascal is the bigger fool.
The San Francisco butcher who ate
fifty-four eggs In a trifle over three
minutes saved his life by taking two
drinks of whisky. This 'is a more
statement of fact, not Intended to lead
people to cornering eggs. The foat is
not great, for an ordinary hog can beat
It without discarding the shells.
The race propagates freely in the
New Tork East Side, where babies
can't thrive and sends them to Colo
rado, where race suicide produces a
scarcity, but where they can thrive.
The law of supply and demand works.
even In the distribution of babies.
Condolence Is extended Major Mc-
Indoe on the failure of his efforts to
thwart the endeavor of the East Side
people to close the bridge draws In the
evening. The Engineer Corps is a
necessary arm of the service, but
whimsical at times.
ResDonsibilitv for any shortage of
water In Portland a possibility that
Is Incomprehensible when the source
of - mmolv Is considered should be
placed where It belongs and action
taken.
Oregon timbermen extinguish forest
fires and develop the country; the
Pinchot brigade also extinguishes for
est fires, but It arrests development.
The Oregon system Is to be preferred.
Judge Howard, of New Tork, will
begin a campaign to induce women to
abandon high-heeled shoes. By put
ting sensible ideas into their heads he
may get sensible shoes on their feet.
An operation on a woman's skuil
removed her abnormal desire o play
the piano. Paste this on the door vt
the other flatdweller.
Those former football coaches did
some excellent tackling when they
married Oregon young women at Al
bany.
The woods seem to be full of luna
tics and other bad men and the
crazy" weather yet two months off.
The tunnel under the heights will
become a big bore before the work is
ended.
ENVIRONMENT'S EFFECT ON LIFE
Writer Arsuea That I la Tlilrd Factor
la Process of Involution.
PORTLAND. June 14. (To the Ed
itor.) An article entitled "What Is
Life," on the ' editorial page of The
Oregonian of June 9 makes use of the
evolution theory as a basis for its
argument, referring to Darwin's theory
of "variation and survival" as two fac
tors In the process of evolution.
This moves me to write of another
Important factor In the evolutionary
process, given but slight prominence by
Darwin, and still less by his followers.
I refer to "environment" as a third
factor in the process.
I do not undertake to write an essay,
but will merely offer one Instance of
the influence of environment, selecting
for that purpose the period during
which the coal measures were deposit
ed, designated in geologic history as
the "carboniferous period," and in -its
relation to evolution will treat only of
Its physical aspect during that period,
as shown by the testimony of the
rocks.
The question naturally arises: "Whera
was all the carbon of the coal meas
ures before its deposit In the earth?"
And the obvious answer presents itself:
"It was In the atmosphere In the form
of carbon gases." While the presence
of these gases In any "considerable
quantity Is Instantly fatal to manmalian
lito. the fossils of that period prove
that they werq remarkably conducive
to reptilian life of wonderful fecundity
and plgnntic size. Contemporary with
this peculiar fauna was a flora of like
size and Immensity that furnished the
material for the coal beds, absorbing
and eliminating the carbon from the
atmosphere and depositing it In the
earth in the form of coal, thereby pro
ducing an environment that permitted
the existence of higher forms of life.
During this long process of abstract
ing the carbon from the atmosphere
to deposit It In the . earth, both the
fauna and flora underwent a remark
able change, seaming to diminish in size
nd quantity along with the lessening
amount of carbon, and at the close of
the carboniferous period higher forms
of animal life, made possible by the
change of environment, bad come into
existence.
In view of such facts, adduced from
the testimony of the rocks. It does not
seem a violent supposition that during
this long period environment was as
Important a factor as any other in the
evolutionary process, perhaps as im
portant as all others combined.
We read of "variation" and "survi
val" in all references -to evolution,
though their dominating Influence 1b
questioned by some able evolutionists,
while mention of environment as a fac
tor seldom occurs, though its weight
In such connection cannot be ignored
and is seldom questioned, and entitles
It to a front place In all references to
and discussions of the subject of evo
lution. GAVI.V E. CAUKIN.
GOOD POINTS OF DOG ARB TOLD
Writer Praises Canine's Loyalty and
Charges Fault a to Nature.
OLTMPIA. Wash., June 13. (To the
Editor.) The communication of Mrs.
Margaret Ayers, under the caption
"Dog Jdolatry and Barbarism," pub
lished recently In The Oregonian de
crying and characterizing those who
would raise a voice in defense of dogs
as "barbaric dog Idolaters" is worthy
of more than passing notice.
The grilling of the dog by a writer
In the Daily Abstract, which your fair
correspondent quotes and evidently ap
proves, as evidenced by embodying In the
communication referred to. will hardly
meet with the approval of the countless
dog owners and admirers of man's most
loyal friend. There Is no loyalty In the
broad sense, comparable to that of a
dog to his master, be he cur or high
bred. Loyalty on which a man or woman
can count to a certainty. No fair
minded, observant person, with the right
heart feeling and consideration, can suc
cessfully contradict this assertion. Loy
alty Is only one of many virtues pos
sessed by his dogship.
After raking the pages or history since
the birth of Time, no finer type or
genuine love and affection in the brute
kingdom can be discovered than that
displayed by the dog. All a dog asks
from his natural protector, man and
womankind. Is love and affection. To
him or her who gives them these they
give their best. Both men and women
have been known to default in that
which the dog gives rreely from out the
bounty of a heart overflowing with love
and affection. A dog. never. True, the
dog has some habits of uncleanliness not
appealing to the critical inclined, but
these have come from an endowment of
nature and ara not directly chargeable to
the dog. The Creator evidently knew
his business better than those who Joy
In criticising his masterpieces of crea
tion, not least among whom was the dog,
man's best friend and the playmate of
children.
Some people, like dogs, need regula
tion and a change of habits. Why insist
on one and excuse another? It is both
hard td expect either chaaity or reason
from the average dog critic or hater,
who seems tit lack the exercise of even
a little charity towards the dumb brutes
who cannot speak in their own behalf.
Let rason, common sense and charity,
not alone In Justice to the dog. but its
owners, take root in the hearts and
minds of the dog haters, and all will go
weI1. CAMPBELL HARDY.
Farly CommlMlon Government.
OLD FOLKS HOME, June 10. (To
the Editor.) I have read an article In
The Oregonian on commlslon form of
government for cities. If my memory
is not at fault Sacramento installed
this form in the early sixties, which
was long before Galveston was ever
thought of. This was Just after the
flood of '61 had nearly wiped out the
place. Thev put In three men, only, to
run the thing and they made a great
success. I do not know whether this
form is still running there or not. Can
The Oregonian not give some Informa
tion on this point as to Its success or
failure? It would be Interesting read
ing Just now.
AN OLD SACRAMENTON.
Sacramento Is not listed in the 1910
lists of commission governed cities
and authorities do not mention its
having having rormeriy anopiea sucn
a form of .government. The last flood
of note occured In 185S.
Western Birds and Flowers.
FALLS CITY. Or.. June 13. (To the
Editor.) What Is the best authority
in Western wild flowers, also on West
ern birds?
What book9 has W. L. Finley written
on Western birds? SUBSCRIBER.
"Flora of Northwest America." by
Thomas Howell, is the best for more
technical, botanical use: "Key and
rin.. . cn,nA nf the Common Flowers of
Oregon." by Kent Sweetser. is the best
for popular use.
W. R. Love's first . bonk upon the
birds of Oregon and Washington and
the books by Finley are the best.
W. L. Finley has written "American
Birds" and "Some Common Birds of
Oregon."
Taetleas.
Catholic Standard and Times.
"Well," said the young lawyer, after
he had heard his new client's story,
"your case appears to be very good. I
think we can secure a verdict without
mu-h trouble."
"That's what I told my wife." said
the man. "and yet she insisted, at first
that we ought to have a first-class law
yer."
PENDLETON BAPTIST CHI BCH CASE
Member Details Affair That Haa Been
Bronsht Before Public.
PENDLETON. Or., June 13. (To the
Editor.) We people of the Baptist
Church adhere to the belief that aU our
church affairs between pastor and people
should be kept sacred within the church
brotherhood.
Now. as the affairs of the First Baptist
Church of Pendleton have been brought
before the public, we wish here to state
a few facts.
Three years ago last December Rev.
R. E. Storey came to our church as pas
tor. In March, laii, the trustees of the
church met and decided that Mr. Storey's
usefulness, as a pastor to our church, was
done. At an official meeting of the
deacons the same decision was reached,
and by their direction Mr. Storey was
requested to resign.
Mr. Storey ignored the request of tha
deacons and trustees, remarking to oth
ers that he did not intend to consider it.
However, at the morning service, Sun
day. June 6, he tendered his resignation,
which was accepted by a vote of three
fourths of the members present.
Deacon Penland is a staunch Baptist,
one in whom the church has great con
fidence, honoring his Judgment in all
affairs. Before affiliating himself with
the Pendleton church he was a devoted
worker in the Helix Baptist Church,
where his son is now deacon. Mr. Pen
land has been a faithful Sunday school
teacher for many years, and as a result
of his teachings many young people
have been converted and have united
with the church. He was opposed to
Mr. Storey's idea of an organized Sun
day school, as it is mostly representa
tion and form: while Baptists believe
in teaching faith In Jesus Christ. There
fore. Mr. Penland and other faithful
Baptist teachers severed their connection
with the Sunday school.
Deacon Edwards has a home here,
where his family reside, and he is here
to take an active part in all the business
and welfare of the church. Mr. Edwards
is a firm Baptist. A number of his fam
ilv are members of the Pendleton Bap
tist Church, "hard shell." if you please
believe in the true faith, the teachings
and example of the Master; that a man
must be born Into the kingdom through
faith in Jesus Christ; be baptized with
water immersion and unite with the
church before admittance to the Lord s
supper. The bread and wine symbolizing
the broken body and shed blood of Jesus.
And Baptists believe none but the re
deemed should partake of the commu
nion. , . .
There are a goodly number here who
stand firm for the right, and to uphold
the faith of the Baptist ChurpTIgT
RECORD IN PRISON FOOD COST.
Boys tn the Indiana Reformatory Are
Fed for Ten Cents Dally.
Indianapolis News.
The entire cost to the state of caring
for more than 1000 young men at the
Indiana reformatory is less than 10
cents a day for each. Forty cents a
day la the cost of feeding inmates of
the County Jail. The cost of feeding
reformatory Inmates was 11.64 cents a
day for each in the fiscal year ending
last September 30. The gross cost, in
cluding all the running expenses of the
Institution, was 49.19 cents a day. and
the earnings of the inmates cut this
39.49 cents, leaving a net cost of 9.i0
cents.
These figures were brought out rrom
inquiry on account of the impression
that the modern method of handling
convicts is expensive to the taxpayer.
To this cost might be added a gross
charge of 30,769.B7 for repairs and
permanent improvements at the Insti
tution during the fiscal year, but with
this addition the cost per capita per
'diem for the average of 1106 inmates
wao increased to 17.33 cents a little
over a dollar for six days. The actual
gross cost of feeding the inmates of the
Indiana institution Is even less than 12
or 13 cents, considered an achievement
in the District of Columbia workhouse
under the management of Will H.
Whittaker, former superintendent of
the Indiana reformatory.
Snorlns In the Next Room.
Chicago Post.
In the gray light of early morning
the traveler faced the night clerk reso
lutely. "You gave me the worst bed In
the hotel!" he began, indignation in his
voice and eyes. "If you don't change
me before tonight, I shall look up other
lodgings." . .
"There's no difference In the beds,
sir." the clerk replied, respectfully.
The traveler smiled Ironically.
"If that is so," he said, "perhaps you
wouldn't mind giving me the room on
the left of mine."
"It is occupied, sir."
"I know it is. By a man who snored
all night and was still at it ten minutes
ago. His bed must be better than
mine, or he couldn't sleep at a maxi
mum capacity of sound eight hours on a
stretch."
"The beds are all alike, sir. That
man has been here before, and he al
ways sleeps on the floor, sir."
Mothers' Dajy and Children's Day.
HILLSBORO, Or., June 13. (To the
Editor. What was the origin of
"Mother's day" and who was the leader
In the movement?
The origin of "Children's day" and
the originators of same?
SUBSCRIBER.
Mother's day was originated by Anna
Jarvls, of Philadelphia, about 16 years
airo. It Is celeDratea on tne secona
Sunday In May.
Children s day Is the second fcunaay
In June. Observation of that day is
the result of a gradual growth. It was
first ecclesiastically recognized by the
Methodist Church and in 1883, form
ally appointed by the Presbyterian
Church.
Identity of Steel Bridge.
nonTT.ivn .Tune IS. iTn the Edi
tor.) I notice from time to time In the
three leading papers or, fortiana. refer
ences to the "Steel Bridge" across the
Willamette. Not knowing which was
the "Steel Bridge" I made an examina
tion of the one at Madison street and
so along down to the railroad bridge,
but found them all made of steel. For
the enllghtment of new-comers will
you please put us wise.
A ? v tuM rjrt.
Rriiiff'ft" ta the name commonly
given the double-deck structure used
for both street traffic and railway
trains.
What Pa Remembers.
Chicago News.
I guesa there must he aomethln queer
About a hid like me.
'Cause there ain't hardly no one here
That ever seems to see
That I don't like to bring in wood
An" do th' chorea all up;
I'd ruther ba where katin good.
Or playln' with the pup!
aly pa be talks a awful lot
About the way he did
His chores, if he wuz tire or not.
k When he wuas Jeat a kid.
Eometimea he tella about th' piles
Of frreat bis chorea he had.
An' gran'ma sez. "Tut, tut!" an' smiles.
An' then my pa gits mad!
She sex when pa wus young he'd go
Away off alidin. when
He'd ought 'a' bin a-shov-lln' snow,
Or choppfn wood an' then
In Summer, too. he'd run away
Where all th' kids wuz at.
An' awlm or fish wltn them, but, say,
Pa can't remember that!
I guess when folks grow up they all
Can't Just remember much.
Cept how they worked when' they wuz
small.
A-doln' chores an' such:
But though my gran'ma'a old's kin be.
Her memory' the best:
Ehe tells what pa done, seems to me.
Batter than all the rest!
Chlcaso News.
Advertising Talks
By William C. Freeman.
Mrs. Frank' Nathan is the president
of the Consumers' League, of New
York, the object of which is to get
all of the reputable stores In the United
States to refuse to sell the product of
manufacturers who .employ child labor
a very worthy cause.
I wonder If Mrs. Nathan has ever
thought how the work of her organiza
tion could be made more efficient and
far-reaching through the aid of news
paper publicity I
Here is a plan that perhaps will ap
peal to her and her associates, and
which I think could be put through
without much trouble.
Suppose Mrs. Nathan persuaded 500
manufacturers throughout the United
States, who refuse to employ child
labor to pool their Isnuea and con
tribute from $250 to $500 each for a
jear'a advertising; campaign.
This campaign to tell, in the frankest
way possible, the object of the league
convince the consumer that he or she
should not buy "child labor merchan
dise," and then print, in conjunction
with this human interest talk, the
names of the reputable manufacturers
who have contributed to this cause.
Such a campaign would lmpreaa
dealers In every community with the
importance of selling only those pro
ducts manufactured by adult labor, and
would educate the public generally to
buy those producta.
Another thing that would be impor
tant would be to announce the fact that
the products of these reliable manu
facturers are not made in sweatshops,
and for that reason they do not carry
with them any disease germs.
Such an advertising campaign would
not only increase the power of Mrs.
Nathan's erganization, but would bring
added business to the reputable nianu
facturera contributing to the fuud.
(To be continued.)
Country Town Sayings by Ed Kowe
(Coprlght, 1911, by George Matthew Adams.)
There are few women who do not
buy hats too young for them.
Should a woman shake hands heart
ily, or should she put a limp hand in
yours, and make you feel that you
should drop it as soon as possible?
When I shake hands with some women
somehow I feel I have been guilty of
an indiscretion, however discreetly I
have acted. .
The Devil's first idea was to be an
angel.
No one knows enough to warrant
conceit.
A politician wl do anything to get
an office, except pay for it.
This is a funny world, and it is a
little funnier than usual this year.
So many things go wrong that I am
tired of being indignant.
Whiskey seems to pickle and pre
serve one man in a hundred; but it
rots the other ninety-nine.
Even the novelii no longer put a
lover on his knees. '
There are certain people who always
say the best singer in the world cant
sing.
The Russian Czar's One Comfort.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
"I tell you." the Czar said as he rue
fully surveyed the report of a popular
uprising, a petition from the peasants
and a threatening note from the powers
"I tell you. this thing of being an ab
solute monarch has its drawbacks."
"But, sire." put in a courtier, "surely
you do not favor a democratic form of
government?"
"No, of course I don't. But It sure
must be great comfort to a man who is
certain to get the worst of It to be able
to announce that on account of the ad
vice of his physician, he is about to re
tire from the cares of politics."
Anthony Hope and a Drumstick.
New Tork Sun.
The rtory is told in connection with
the ways of the relic hunter that when
Anthony Hope tv-as last in America he
and the late Major Pond ordered an
elaborate breakfast one morning on the
train golnsr from Boston to Hartford.
Conn. The cook was so slow that the
broiled chickens appeared just as the
hungry men had to change cars at Wll
limantic. Hone would have made off
... . it . 1 . i... , vtolrtr
with a arumsucit at ieai. uu-.
Pond dissuaded him. A drummer
bought the author's chickens and pol
ished the wishbone to keep it as a sou
venir. SPECIAL FEATURES
OF NEXT
SUNDAY'S
OREGONIAN
Timely special " articles and
good fiction will ho well repre
sented in the Sunday issue. In
the way of short fiction there will
be one of the most interesting
tales yet told, "The Adventures
of Lias," a talo of tha Philip
pines; the second installment of
"Compensation." marks an im
portant step in the development
of Anne Warwick's striking novel
of Washington social life.
The Taft Silver Anniversary is
the subject of a pleasing story of
the Tafts' domestic life and the
happy wedding-day prophesy
that "has been fulfilled.
Lots of big Americans give up
their spare hours to angling.
There is a half page of fresh
stories from these noted fisher
meu. ,
Popular Writers as hard
headed investors in real estate
seem to be quite numerous. The
roll of writers who have made
their earnings work for them is a
creditable one. Half page illus
trated. Seven more of those graphic
Civil War Photos tell camera
stories of our greatest war.
Widow Wise, Sambo and Mr.
Twee Deedle, have fresh experi
ences. Two pages for children,
departments for women and .all
the world's news right up to the
hour.
A