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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 3, 1911)
THE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX., - WEDNESDAY,. MAT, 3, 1911, 10 PORTLAND. ORF.GON. CIRCVUaTIOX 6TATEM1TXT. thirraj tha month of April. 1511. tti avar. as clrcuiatloa ( Toe Oresoslaa waa: Imn 8nlay ClrraUtloa. AinH lall ClmlatWa.. .STSM Tha iall-I atatarnant tr aarr dr dT ls( taa month o( April. 1W1. la aa followa: April 1 April IT .Bet April IS .M.oe April 1 6M April SO . April 21 B1.1S April 22 1.4C April M April 24 l.3t . April 25 M.404 April 2.... .!. April 2T al.ze4 April 2 April 2 l.4 AprU W. Total Circulatloa 1,57a.. C"ia?y of iluURAraah. Stata of P"I Taia U to corttfr that tho actum! circula tion of Tfca urioais for iba znonin or April vma a -t forth. H. P. HOPWOOp. circulation Xanagar. tahacTt4 and iwori to botora mo thla trat !ar of Hmj. 1111 ISEAil W. E'HARTVrS. Notary Putlle. TT abora circulation waa dlatrlbotad aa fo;iowa: I!tT. SundiT. ... 41.41 oJ.I ... a..". Washington Ail otaar ataces. Vorb of tha Wah!n"B circulation l d!rilr trlbuiarr to Portland it inr.ud mtrn lowr diroc:W a-roa uia livar aa Van couvar. WaaooucaL Carraa. ate. POBTXAVD. WtOXWWV, MAY 1. HUX.RIJ'i Or ARBITRATION. Tho arbitration treaty with Great Britain which vu concluded ln 1907 failed of ratification In the Senate. The ground riven for its rejection was reelect of the Senate's constitutional authority over treaties. It provided that all differences between this coun try and England should be submitted to arbitration, but it failed to arrange for consulting the Senate. It was therefore objectionable in some quar ters and was not ratified. Perhaps the delay was all for the best. The treaty was not nearly so complete as the new one. which has been negotiated under President Taft's management. It excluded from arbi tration cases which Involved the Na tional honor and Independence. When one of these arose no attempt was to be made to arbitrate, but both coun tries were expected to rush to arms In the good old barbarian fashion. Since any difference whatever be tween two countries may be construed to affect the "National honor and In dependence." of course the arbitration treaty of 1907 was a mere form of words expressing a pious aspiration, but not likely to be of much practical effect. There was a good deal of mourning over Its rejection by the Senate, but we dare say the regret was wasted. We are now likely to have a much better treaty. Word cornea from London that the new agreement for arbitration between the United States and Great Britain will probably be finished and signed within two weeks, it maras a long step forward inasmuch as it excludes nothing whatever from Its terms. Cases affecting the National honor are to be arbitrated as well as thos affecting the National pocket. This Is well. Honor, after all. is what other people think of us. A man loses his honor when other people deride or despise him. In the career of individuals we long aco reached the point where it became disgraceful for a person to defend his reputation with a horsewhip or a pitchfork. Civilised opinion requires him to leave It to the decision of the established tribunals. Honor Is safe guarded by submission to law. Rebel lion against the courts Is disgraceful. yo doubt the same stage will be reached In the career of nations before a great while, though it Is still some distance ahead of us. Arbitration la an experiment as yet. Tears will be required to Interweave it with our Na tional habits of thought and make us perfectly ready to turn to It In all dif ficulties as we turn to the courts when wa are at odJs with a neighbor. Even in Individuals the right of prl. Tate war died hard. Its last respect able disguise was the duel. Time was when It waa cowardly to decline to fight a duel. It Is cowardly still In Prance, though the contest has lost most of its danger and all of its dig nity In that country. England was the first of the European nations to outlaw the duel, just as It is foremost now in promoting International arbi tration. Our hotheaded Southern com patriots practiced dueling long after It had been abandoncS In England and the Northern states, but even In that section it la now seldom heard of ex cept in the form of street fights, which are admittedly criminal. One of the last conspicuous duels in this country was that between Alex ander Hamilton and Aaron Burr. wnicn oeomea us oi n. Knai iiuicb man and checked the career of an unprincipled demagogue. Two or three bullies from the slavehoidlng states challenged the friends of Charles Sum ner who spoke their minds about the attack on him by Preston Brooke In the Senate chamber, but no fights fol lowed. Christian sentiment had by that time definitely triumphed over the duel In this country. Rationally regarded, war is nothing but a duel between nations. It la de fended by the same arguments pre cisely as were formerly used to prove that private duels were Indispensable. It was said that honor would decay if gentlemen were forbidden to kill one another with polite etiquette. Man ners would - deteriorate, everybody would act and talk like a ruffianly boor. Nobody would be safe from as sault. All this was bosh. Manly honor Is much more sensitive now than it ever was in the days of the duel, though It is not so foolishly touchy. Manners never were so gracious or kindly as In our time, and lit and property are incomparably more se cure than they were when every man defended his own with his sword. So ciety does the duty better for each of .us than anyone could do It for himself. The abolishment of the internation al duel win lead to the same happy consequence. A court of unprejudiced arbitrators will look out for our honor vastly better than we could for our selves, and It will be done more cheap ly. Relieved of the ever-present ne coesity for fighting, we can turn more of our energies to the arts of peace, and as other nations discern the bene ficial results f our agreement with j-oj'.nd no doubt Ui pracUca of. ar Aprn 1 April I.eJS April ao.aoa April O.IOS April 4.;j Apr'.l M.ioa April T 4.:T April S April 41.430 April 1. ....WJM April II 4.;m April 12 S.l AprU IS 45 -Vi April 14 M.4JJ Ai.rU 13 M ail bitration will extend until it has in cluded the whole civilised world. Ultimately there will be a general disarmament Just as respectable in dividuals no longer carry gnns and swords. This happy consummation will not arrive at once, but It is cer tainly on the way. Is there anybody who will fail to welcome it? DESTROYING OCR RESOCKCES The landing of a 1000-pound stur geon more than ten feet in length by a Vancouver fishermen recalls the time when sturgeon of this size were far from uncommon. It also reminds us of the manner In which this really excellent food fish was almost exter minated without providing any reward of consequence to the exterminators. The people of Portland, or at any of the Columbia River cities, do not have to look back more than twenty-five years In memory to the time when thousands of big sturgeon were used for fertilizer or thrown away because there was no market for them. It was not an uncommon occurrence for the Astoria boats to bring to Portland from 5000 to 10.000 pounds of these f ijh and have them rejected after they were landed on the dock for no other reason than that the supply exceeded the demand. No attempt had yet been made to pack the fish for future use. With such an uncertain market it might be supposed that there would, have been no Incentive . to catch the lubberly sturgeon, some of which were of great age. The fishermen. however, with abso lutely no restriction on their op erations, continued to catch ten stur geon where there was a market for less than one. As the work and skill Involved was Inconsequential, the loss of the other nine gave no concern at that time. The prodigality of nature was shown In the abundant supply of these big fish and the wastefulness of man was even more strikingly shown in. their practical extinction In less than two decades. An occasional big specimen like that taken at Vancouver is still found and there are a few smaller ones captured, but sturgeon is no longer found In the fish markets except on rare occasions. This criminal waste of what might have been a good source of revenue for years does not differ materially from the policy of destruction that exterminated the passenger pigeons, which In the memory of some of the present generation darkened the sky in numberless millions or from that which swept out. of existence the vast herds of buffalo on the great plains. In the case of the pigeons there would In time have come a natural decrease In their number as the wilderness on which they found sustenance was cleared away and domestic fowls and birds took their place. The same economic conditions would also have reduced the herds of buffalo, but nothing except criminal wastefulness could have caused the complete ex termination of the passenger pigeon or the wholesale butchery of the buf falo herds. the sturtreon there were absolutely no compensating con ditions. Nothing nas taxen us piaco and nothing ever will take its place. We simply withheld protection from it until it was too late, and have ac cordingly lost a resource which, if properly guarded, would have contrib uted annually large sums to the work ing capital of the Pacific Northwest- fHIXA MOVTNO FORWARD. According to the accounts which have been received from China, the present revolutionary outbreak is di rected against the ruling Tartar dy nasty and not against all foreigners. The royal family which reigns in Pekin Is as completely foreign to the country as Germans and Americans are. It is of a totally different blood and originated In another land. The Tar tars of the north have been In the habit of making Inroads Into China from very ancient times. In 1111. under the great conqueror Jenghla Khan, they gained complete control of the empire, but they were after ward driven out by the natives. It was only In 1644 that the foreign dynasty was firmly established over the country. Upon the whole it has ruled intelligently, but it has not pro moted progress a great deal. The na tive Chinese have constantly cherished more or less disloyalty to their Tartar sovereigns. Rebellions In the various provinces have been numerous and sometimes they have almost attained the dignity of revolutions. But thus far the Tartars have held their own. The disturbance which Is now In progress may perhaps be connected with the general outburst of national feting which has eben observed In all parts of Asia since the war between Japan and Russia. The sentiment has gained ground that an Oriental Is as good in war or peace as a European and furthermore that each nationality has the right to control Its own des tinies. At the same time China has made remarkable progress In what we call civilized arts. The army has-been disciplined by modern methods, engi neering projects have been developed and science has made its appearance In the schools. What the final result will be la of course a problem, but It is well to re member that the native Chinese are by no means an inferior people. They are highly gifted Intellectually and as courageous in war as Europeans. What they have lacekd Is discipline and effective armament and this they have now attained, unless the accounts err. Their unfortunate quietlstlc re ligion has also helped to check the growth of the national spirit, but per haps this, too, will be corrected by modern influences. Some observers expect to see China among the fore most nations in a few more years. THE WORLD'S WHEAT. Russian wheat shipments last week were 4,344.000 bushels and another million bushels poured out of the Danublan ports. When It is remem bered that the movement of the Rus sian crop is almost simultaneous with that of our own country It Is apparent that these enormous shipments are coming out on what should be the fag end of the season. The phenomenal output of Russia for the' past two years has more than offset the decline in shipments from the United States, and since the opening of the current season, last July, the Russian and Danublan shipments have reached the total or 258. 000.000 bushels or more than one-half the total shipped from all countries. - The United States and Canada, which a dozen years ago far outranked Russia, for the first ten months of the present season have shipped but 100, 000.000 bushels, compared with 122. 000.000 bushels for the same period in the preceding season. All other ex porting countries show an increase. Tko total from ail of tbe principal ex porting countries of the world for the ten months ending May 1 is 613,856. 000 bushels, compared with 428,627, 000 bushels for the same period last season. Supplementing these bearish statis tics is an array of good crop reports from nearly all parts of the world, and tn the face of such conditions the con tinued strength of the wheat markets is difficult to understand. In the United States the consumption of the cereal Is overtaking the production at such a rapid rate that the markets of this country will undoubtedly hold much afos-riipr than those of Europe. I If the 1911 crop in the United States should be an exceptionally large one, however, there will be considerable for export and the price should recede to a parity with the foreign markets. We are not yet on an exclusively do mestic basis, and until we reach that point our markets will be governed by conditions abroad as well as at home. AX IRREVERENT REFORM. The progress of the triumphant car of reform occasionally takes It into unexpected quarters. It is all very well to cut down the salaries of Con gressional scrubwomen, discharge ob solete committee clerks and dismiss useless Capitol .policemen, but when it comes to abolishing eulogies on de funct statesmen one feels disposed to shudder a little. It Is too much like Invading a cemetery with a sledge hammer. Of course everybody knows that the customary eulogies on departed Con gressmen are frauds, more or less pious, of course, but still frauds. When Torn Reed traa asked what ought to be said about a departed colleague he hastened to reply, "Oh, anything but the truth." His advice Is often fol lowed on those solemn occasions when the tearful House assembles to cele brate the obsequies of a statesman gone before. His memory Is bedecked with sanctimonious mendacity. Flat tering falsehoods are wreathed above his grave with that elaborate profu sion which always attends the expen diture of time and money belonging to other people. And now comes a proposal to abol ish all this. What la the world headed for? We should as soon think of abolishing the hearae and the string of weeping carriages at a funeral. They have always been thus and there fore thus they must always be. It is some comfort to notice that this sac rilegious project of reform does not originate in the House. It was born in the irreverent brain of a newspaper writer, but where it was born makes but little difference. The important question is. who will adopt and father It? Who will make the ill-born urchin his own child? We suspect that Victor Murdock Is quite capable of the enormity. He hap already Invaded the sacred privilege of printing fake oratory In the Con gressional Record. If he has his de structive way no speech can be print ed at the public cost unless it has been actually .delivered in the House,, That reform ought to satisfy the most om nivorous soul, but Mr. Murdock Is hard to satisfy. Like grim death he forever wants more. We ehudderingly await his attack on the eulogies of defunct heroes. AN OPPORTUNITY INDICATED. United States Consul P. Merrill Griffith, of pernambuco. Brazil, Joins the official commercial representatives of other cities of Latin America in urging manufacturers and large whole sale Interests of the United States gen erally to pay more attention than they now do to supplying the market of that city with products of American mills, canneries and other, great in dustrial plants. He cites the fact that such sale as there Is of American canned goods In Pernambuco, a city of 225,000 Inhabitants, Is very remu nerative. A Urge quantity of the canned meats and butter sold In this m.rii) la nf domestic manufacture. coming chiefly from Rio de Janeiro, but practically all or tne remainder or these articles, as well as food stuffs, sea food and confections. Is imported from Europe. These conditions, says Consul Grif fith, can and should be changed. Of course the most efficient and effective way to do this is by sending out thor oughly competent representatives who speak Portuguese (the grocery trade In Brazilian cities being entirely con trolled by Portuguese merchants) and who are familiar with the social and business customs of the people. If this is at present not practical, owing to lack of specific training, the use of catalogues and descriptive circulars, all of which should be printed In Por tuguese, together with the weights, measures, etc.. stated according to the system employed there, will answer a good purpose. This suggests a new field for the entrance of Pacific Coast products when the Panama Canal is completed. The tens of thousands of orchard trees, that have been planted in recent years: the enormous possible produc tion of loganberries, strawberries and other small fruits and vegetables, sug gest boundless possibilities for a mar ket for canned goods grown In the Willamette Valley and the fruitful valleys of Southern Oregon and . put Into merchantable shape In canneries of sufficient capacity to handle them. Inquiry has shown that the demand for articles of this character in this soon to be near market depends almost wholly on the price, quantity and qual ity of the goods, to which prime essen tials may be added In attractive labels and the guarantee of purity under our National pure food laws. Here, It seems. Is an opening for business and trade that ambitious young Americans may enter when the time comes, with every promise of success. There Is time between the present and the opening of the Panasna Canal for any ordinarily bright young man to qualify himself to work successfully In this market. The conditions, as herein stated, are a thorough work ing knowledge of the Portuguese lan guage, and of the system of weights, measures, etc.. there employed. To this may be added a good, sound body and an enterprising spirit. The Latin states of South America of the Atlan tic seaboard are at present far away countries when considered In connec tion with the markets of the Pacific Northwest. The completion of the Panama Canal a few years hence will bring them to our doors, commercial ly speaking. Toung men who possess the qualifications above Indicated, will, when the time comes, find here a won derful chance to succeed In commer cial life. A working knowledge of the Portu guese and Spanish languages, and in telligent study of trade conditions In the countries of the Atlantic seaboard of South American countries, especial ly of the citiea of Brazil, tnroufh, the means provided by the trade literature Issued from time to time by the Bu reau of Manufactures at Washington can be acquired In the meantime. Our horticultural and agricultural prod ucts will Increase enormously by that time and the growth of the cannery business may reasonably be expected to keep pace with this Increase. The door of opportunity In this direction is already ajar. It will awing wide in 1916. Those who are prepared to enter it will find grand commercial possibilities awaiting them. ' PROTECTING WITNESSES. Some of the Maryland courts have set a good example by adopting a rule for the protection of witnesses against lawyers. The attorney who takes de light In bullying a witness Is familiar to everybody who has had business in court. Sometimes a lawyer thinks that It helps his case with the Jury to cast slurs upon the good name of opposing witnesses. Occasionally he fancies that the strength of his own evidence will be Increased by hinting that those who testify on the other aide are liars. Now and then a lawyer is found who has a native relish for cruelty and gratifies it by making witnesses suffer on the stand. The danger of falling Into the hands of an attorney of this sort makes it a fearful ordeal for many persons to testify In a lawsuit. They go to court with extreme reluctance and when they are on the stand they are so frightened that they do not know half what they say. Of course this gives a cannibalistic lawyer all the better chance to devour them alive. More truth can be drawn from a witness by treating him politely than by browbeating him. Good lawyers know this and act accordingly. It is only Inferior members of the profes sion who try to eke out mediocre abili ties by outraging witnesses, but they are numerous enough to make testi fying in court a nightmare to timid people. Usually -a witness has nothing to gain by testifying. He goes to court upon a business which is not his own, often at serious loss to himself. The law requires him to make the sacrifice and it seems no more than right that the law should protect him from wan ton insult while he Is performing his unwelcome task. The notion that out rage and Invective are the best means of extracting the truth from a witness belongs to the time of torture. In this century there Is no place for it. Wit nesses ought to be protected as scru pulously aa . the lawyers themselves. Often they deserve protection far better. A 6000-ton steamship is loading lumber at South Bend for Australia Several vessels of similar 6lze and even larger have recently loaded at Grays Harbor and also at Coos Bay. Eureka, Cal., which a few years ago -was deemed unsafe for large carriers has also recently been visited by a number of these big freighters. The appear ance of these big steamers at these ports reveals a great change in ship ping conditions along the coast. It shows, first, that shipowners can no longer discriminate against any port that is safe to enter, and that they will send their vessels wherever cargo can be secured. It also shows that there are several very good harbors along the coast whieJh a few years ago were obliged to depend exclusively on small vessels that of course demanded and received much higher freights than the big carriers. A few years hence Tillamook will be added to the list of harbors which can handle big ships and there will be an opportunity to market the great timber holdings of that region to much better advan tage than is possible under present conditions. ' Astoria has a postal bank and it opened with a good business, the de posits offered on the first day amount ing to $600. Astoria, compared with other cities, has been singularly free from bank failures and the financial institutions already established In that city have always received very liberal support from the people. For that reason the demand for a postal bank In that city might be less pronounced than In cities which have been less fortunate with their banks. But there is a large foreign population in and around Astoria which has such explicit faith in the Government that deposits might be given a postal 'bank that would be withheld irom other institu tions. Further operations of the As toria postal savings bank will un doubtedly show substantial deposits In the Government Institution without any apparent effect on the deposits in the banks previously in operation. ' The Portland Woman's Union, the first organization in the Pacific North west that took cognizance of the home needs of self-supporting young women, has started upon the twenty-fifth year of Its work under very favorable aus pices. If the plans carefully laid are not thwarted by conditions which fealty, courage and endeavor cannot surmount, substantial progress will be made toward building a new home for self-supporting women during the year which the organization entered upon the first of May. The man who is thrown off a street car deserves big damages, about a mil lion dollars, for he is the object of much ridicule, as well as contempt, for not putting up a successful fight. . Seattle is getting ten carloads of potatoes from Maine. They will come high, after crossing the continent, but If they are from Aroostook they will be worth the money. There is plenty or good orchard land v.i nnH houiht in Oretron and there should be no "shady" deals to , reflect discredit on tne general oou of real estate men. The dairyman who lost his money In a bunco game became accessory to the crime when he dropped into the saloon below the line and met the sharpers. . Injury by frost to fruit in the Middle West means a good demand for the North Pacific product and consequent scarcity of fruit in our own market. Some of the revolting Chinese may have their queues cut off a few Inches below th,e ears. The Widow Leeds has her hooks out for a Duke, with big money bait. flop contracts at 18 cent presage more than 25 cents later. Acting Chief Moore is big enough to told down, the lid. MRS. TJUNIWAY TO THE CLERGY She Tells of Dr. Brougher's Stand oa Equal Su ft" raise (tneatlom. PORTLAND. May 2. (To the Editor.) For the benefit of my friends of the clergy who may not have read The Sun day Oregonian I respectfully solicit space in a daily issue to call their at tention to the stand on the equal suf frage question so firmly held by Rev. J. Whltcomb , Brougher, formerly pastor of the Portland White Temple, who is now winning added laurels In Los An geles. The ministerial association of that city, numbering 250 members, met re cently in the Young Men's Christian Association building. In presence of a packed audience, to hold a conference In reference to their action relative to the pending amendment to the constitu tion of California to enfranchise women. The speeches were all in favor of equal suffrage and the applause of the large audience seemed universal, when at the conclusion of the programme Mrs. George A. Connell, leader of the "antis," was granted the courtesy of a hearing a courtesy never granted the suffragists at a meeting of "antis" anywhere. 'The lady's address was merely an appeal to the ministers to refuse to preach on the question. Dr. Brougher immediately took the floor and said that he felt compelled to discuss this question from his pulpit very soon. "I would not," said he, "force any women to vote, but I would permit all women to vote who desire to do so." This Is the only fair and honorable course for anybody to pursue In adjudi cating this question, and Dr. Brougher has stated concisely and clearly. Be lievers in equal rights for all the peo ple and special privileges for none, are always glad when some would-be ob structionist makes the same heroic endeavor that influenced Dame Parting ton when she attacked the Atlantic ocean with a broom. Although Oregon's loss of Dr. Brough er Is California's gain, the more than 40.000 women of Oregon who are on record as suffragists can afford to wait till 1912 for famous advocates of their cause, like Bev. Mr. Brougher and Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, to return to our state, since California's suffrage campaign is scheduled for 1911. ABIGAIL SCOTT DITNIWAY. One View of Vice Problem. PORTLAND, May 2. (To the Editor.) In answer to a physician's letter, which appeared in your issue of May 1, I would stata that the social evil is unprofitable hence ' impossible on a large scale when not given official sanc tion. Where the law recognizes a certain I Bevuvu VI mo w.ijf ny cis .. ; the municipal market place for souls, a class 01 oeings spring up wuu ize this franchise, as it were, and ex haust every resource to bring new wares to their market. They employ a staff of lieutenants to scour the city for freh stock, incessantly striving to seduce the poorer and less fortunate of the girls, and even import from foreign cities and countries. To quote the words of the Chicago Society of Social Hygiene the members of which organization have made a study of this question, and who ara recoenized as grood authority on this j subject. "Society ... is always for getting to turn on tne iautci stream of men's gold which alone makes prostitution possible." Destroy the segregated- district and you destroy nine-tenths of the social evil by turning away the stream of gold from the filthy coffers of the unspeakable wretches who thrive only in segregated districts. And if the physician still insists on segregation as a cure, why not have the segregated district, its saloons and its gambling dives next to his home where be can see to it that it is "regulated with an Iron hand?" Why have It thrust upon the poor of the dty to whom the temptation is the strongest and whose resistance can be but of the weak estT We say that if you must have a segregated district. Nob Hill is the place for it. Our women folk, in the poorer quarter are as sacred to us as your wife and daughters are to you. ONE OF THE POOR. Hudson "3 3" Latest on Market. American automobile manufacturers present to the buying public this sea son 1027 models to select from. There has been very little change in them over last year, alterations in body de sign being the chief difference. The trend has been strongly toward torpedo bodies. The foredoor tye has made a tremendous hit. and demands for that Btyle of body have been correspond ingly heavy. One model offered this year is not onlv different In body design, but shows i a vast change. The Hudson IS new iniernmij as well as In outward appearance. Howard E. Coffin, who has been called the master builder of cars, has been responsible for the Hudson "83." It has Inclosed valves like the European cars; its fan Is combined with the fly wheel, making the motor a more sightly and accessible Job. At the' automobile shows held throughout the country since the New York show opened, January 7, the "33" has been minulely inspected by motor ists. Never since the "33" was put out has the Hudson factory been caught up on its orders. Gngelte la 'New Mineral. Springfield (Mass.) Republican. A new mineral has been discovered by Professor Alexander H. Phillips, of Princeton University, which has been named "gageite." in honor of R. B. Gage, of Trenton, through whose ef forts sufficient material was collected to perform the necessary analysis. All specimens thus far secured "have been obtained from the Parker shaft, near Franklin. N. J. The mineral is found in a transparent, colorless crystal for mation and possesses a high vitreous luster. The crystals are ordinarily lodged In the walls of small cavities and occur In fan-shaped groups. When observed under the microscope the prism angles are seen to be well de fined The new mineral Is supposed to be closely related to the family of crystalline zlncite and calcite, while the same combination of agencies which produce leucophenicite will also, under certain circumstances, produce gageite. Gransre Organised at McCoy. M'COY Or, May 1. To the Editor.) Last Saturday, State Deputy Cyrus H. Walker organized McCoy Grange with a splendid charter list. The officers are: Master, George L. Richards; overseer, S. L. Stewart; lecturer, Hettie Shields; steward, John Romig; assist ant steward. A. H. Wyatt; chaplain, F. T Romlg; treasurer, George A. Shields; secretary. H. C. Patty; gatekeeper, August Rhoda; ceres, Grace Stewart; Pomona, Mary Romig; Flora, Marian Patty; lady assistant steward, Hattie Lynch. For some time Polk County has been the weakest Grange county In the Willamette Valley, with but two Granges. Harem Skirt Innplrea a Dancer. London Telegraph. M. Lefort, president of the Academy of Dancing Masters, is one of those who believe In the future of the harem skirt and he has taken it for the In spiration of a dance which Is called La Cherouelle," the name of the puffed trousers worn by women of the East. " . Naval Recruiting; Office. EUGENE, Or., April 30. (To the Editor.) Is there a naval recruiting office In Portland and what is Its loca tion. -A- VETERAN. . An office for enlistment of marines Is located in the Breedln building. Third and Washington, Portland. . ROMPT appreciation of American scholarship is noted in the prep aration of the new edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, and the' edi tor, Hugh Chisholm. is to be congratu lated on the good Judgment . he has shown in making his selection of con tributing writers. For climatology, Professor R. de Jourcy Ward, of Har vard, was chosen; for meteorology. Pro fessor Cleveland Abbe, of Washington, D. C; for Christianity, Professor George W. Knox, of Union Theological Seminary; for paleontology. Professor Henry Fairfield; Osborn. of Columbia University; for Mohammedan Institu tions, Professor D. B. Macdonald. As an expert adviser on astronomy, the late Professor Simon Newcomb was select ed; and American writers were also chosen for articles an mining and Ori ental antiquities. Mr. Chisholm Is quot ed as saying: "What it means is that here In America you have caught up with the Old World, and are supplying your share of original mind-stuff for the rest of the globe to digest and profit by." Eliza Calvert Hall has. in her new novel, "To Love and to Cherish," told the story of love and sacrifice with a characteristic Kentucky setting. The story deals with the same genuine, big hearted Kentucky men and women that the author has so faithfully portrayed in "Aunt Jane of Kentucky" and "The Land of Long Ago." Bimetallism and kindred plans for currency reform are dismissed as un sound by Professor Fisher ,of Yale, in his new book on "The Purchasing Power of Money." As a relief, he pleads for a gold exchange standard combined with a tabular standard, and affirms that the purchasing power of money depends on these five factors the volume in circulation, velocity, the volume of bank deposits subject to check, the velocity of that volume and finally the volume of trade. He also furnishes a statistical verification of the reconstructed quality theory. Owen Wister, the novelist, was talk ing in Philadelphia about a poet whose works sold poorly. "Poets are usually without honor," he said "Remember Wordsworth's case. "The great Wordsworth was in the habit of spouting his poetry alond as he took his lonely walks. Thus he polished and elaborated his lines. Thus, too, he got the reputation among the Rydal Lake folks of being a bit daft. " 'Well. John, what's the news?" Hart ley Coleridge once asked an old stone breaker by the lake shore. " 'Why, nowt varra partickler.' . the stone-breaker replied; 'only old Words worth's broken loose again.' " Robert W. Chamber's Civil War novel, "Ailsa Paige," is third on the list of best selling books In Great Bri tain. a Robert Davis, who is editor of Mun sey's Magazine and the author of sev eral plays, in discussing a man who had achieved some distinction as a kill Joy, says: "That fellow is a great athlete. He can throw a wet blanket 200 yards in any gathering." The new novel by Susan Glaspell, author of "The Glory of the Conquered" (now In its 12th edition), is announced under the title of "The Vlsloning." Like "The Glory of the Conquered," it con tains a love story; but it is. perhaps, of much larger significance. It shows vividly the growth of the soul of an army girl, first seen as absorbed in the circumscribed though gay life of an army post, but coming into terribly close contact with the realities of life through rescuing an unfortunate girl from deep trouble. The social life of officers at an arsenal of today is pre sented with charm and color, while the hero, first known to the army girl as "the man who mends boats," is an un usual, almost mysterious, figure. Miss Edna Ferber who. In her new novel, "Dawn O'Hara," describes the fascination of the girl reporter's life, is herself a newspaper woman of expe rience. She was called "the youngest real reporter in the United States," when, at 17, she began work on a paper in the town of Appleton, Wis. Here she covered a multitude of details. Miss Ferber Is enthusiastic over the excel lent training acquired on a small news paper, where one cannot specialize too much. "Memories of a Manager," by Daniel Frohman, discusses the early career of E. H. Sothern, Margaret Anglin, Mary Mannerlng, James K. Hackett, Maude Adams, William Faversham, Harry Woodruff, Julie Opp, John Ma son and many others who were under the management of Daniel Frohman at the old Lyceum Theater. At the time referred to, Mr. Frohman had profes sional relations with several play wrights of great ability and wide rep utation, such as Sir. Arthur Pinero, Henry Arthur Jones, Anthony Hope and Bernard Shaw. One of the most inter esting parts of Mr. Frohman's book is his account of the rehabilitation of plays which had been wobbling on the edge of failure; the methods of the stage manager and his experience with stars like Mr. and Mrs. Kendall, and Madame Modjeska in the dramatic and musical field, and Mr. Frohman's ex perience in all the phases of the dra matic profession. E. Phillips Oppenheim has returned to his country home In England, after spending the Winter in the South of France. Mr. Oppenheim is planning to sail in a few days for his trip to America, about the time of the publica tion of his next novel. "The Moving Finger." Notable Imported religious works Just brought out in this country are: "The Athanasian Creed in the 20th Century," by R. O. P. Taylor, M. A, (Cantab.); "The Kingdom and the Mes siah," by E. F. Scott, D. D-, professor of New Testament Literature in Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, and au thor of "The Fourth Gospel; Iits Pur pose and Theology"; "The Moabite Stone," by M.'H. Bennett. D. D., Litt. D., professor of Old Testament Exege sis, Hackney College and New College, London. For months people- speculated on the authorship of "John, the Unafraid," a book considered to be a real lamp along the path of the gospel of human broth erhood. . Its sale was, and is, large. It has Just been announced that the au thor Is William E. Mason, of Chicago, lately United States Senator from Illi nois. "Good Men and True" is a lively tale of our Mexican border by Eugene Man love Rhodes, who began life as a cow boy. a a . a Second editions are announced of Mrs. Helen B- Albee's "Hardy Plants for Cottage Gardens" and Professor Rennie W. Doane's "Insects and' Disease." Captain B. Granville Baker's "The Danbue With Pen and Pencil," has 99 illustrations, and vividly recalls the military, religious and romantic annals of one of the most famous rivers of the world. Advertising Talks By William C. Freeman. The Mutual Coffee Co., of Montgom ery, Ala., printed in the Montgomery Advertiser on March 26 an advertise ment that told of remarkable reaults secured from an announcement of theirs printed a few days before. This company sells coffees. It an nounced in the advertisement referred to that it would sell special brands, packed in Mason's Jars, and they ex pected that the advertisement would sell about 10.000 Jars for them. As a matter of fact, during the week they sold a carload of Maaou's fruit Jara, filled with their different brands of coffee, representing, all told, 21,0 Jan. They announced that the following week they expected to eell 43,200 Jars, or two carloads. Now, Montgomery is not a large city, but the people there have formed the habit of reading tbe advertisements printed In the newspapers and the habit has grown because the local stores take the people into their con fidence and tell them straight truth about the merchandise they have to sell. That Is why the advertising of the Mutual Coffee Co. brought such splen did results. In the smaller cities the practice among advertisers Is to address them selves to the public just as though they were talking to personal friends because they know nearly everybody in the community and they would not be doing the fair thing by their friends if they were not as accurate in their printed words as they were in their spoken words. Advertising has a treniendoua power when it is a truthful, friendly mesaage from a store to the people, and such advertising always brings results. (To be continued.) Country Towa Sayinjs by Ed Howe (Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew Adams.) Very few real singers are willing to sing for nothing in a church choir. In a town of less than 20,000 people It is hard to make use of the third story of a building. It's hard for a lecturer to get the people out, and hard to entertain them after he does get them out. If you discover that you made a mis take, don't stubbornly insist upon keep ing it up; let go and run. The men who gain distinction are the men who blaze the trail in the world's progress. When a man tells a solicitor he will "think about It," the solicitor knows he has lost. Fortunately, an amateur singer fin ally realizes the truth. Lots of people think that owning a piano gives them social standing. After a girl passes 30 she is old enough to marry a widower. Nearly everyone thinks, "Everybody knows me," and is mistaken. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian, May 3, 1861. SALEM, April 30, 1861. The news that Fort Sumter has fallen was re ceived here this morning with much ex, cltement, and whatever opinions have been entertained before, the almost universal feeling now is, that the Gov ernment must be sustained. There are those who sympathize with secession even here, but thank God they are few. It is grateful to the heart of an Amer ican to see that in this hour of trial, the people of Oregon are for the Union, and for the enforcement of the laws. Look around our streets straw, chips, wood, broken planks, barrels, boxes and filth of various kinds, fill up the gutters; all kinds of rubbish can be seen in a spot within a stone's throw;, holes in the sidewalks where persons in the night can easily cripple themselves for life. Whose business Is it to remove these nuisances from the streets and to repair the sidewalks? A meeting to give expression to the sentiments of the unconditional Union men. is in contemplation. We hope that it will take place at no distant day. The subject has been talked over until a good understanding prevails among the Unionists, and it now remains for them to act. Let it be done speedily. How Chewing Gum la Gathered. Harper's Weekly. In Yucatan the gathering of the chi cle chewing gum Is an industry that employs the services of considerable bands of natives known as "chicleros." They go into the deep forests, under ex perienced leaders, armed with ueavy .knives of special make and pails and ladles for the sap, and each one Is provided with a strong rope, more than 80 feet long, to be used in climbing the lofty sapota trees from which the gum is procured. The sap flows from gashes cut in the bark. A camp of chicleros, where the sap is boiled, re sembles In some respects an American maple sugar camp. After months of work the chicleros return from the -forests laden with bricklike blocks of aromatic gum. The finest gum is col lected from the fruit or the sapota, mostly by the native women, and It is said that it is seldom exported, because it is too well liked at. home. OIJ Asre Pensions In Germany. London Tit-Bits. Old age pensions, accident and sick ness pensions and other provisions for wageearners grow apace in Germany. In 1909, out of a population al about 64,000,000, nearly 10.000.000 of men and nearly 3,500,000 women were insured against sickness; nearly 15,000,000 men and 9,000,000 women against accident. Disability insurance embraced about 15,400,000 persons. Employers paid about $98,000,000 in premiums, em ployes about 581,000,000, and state con tributions were more than $12,000,000. It is expected that premiums for this year will reach $250,000,000, with an other $100,000,000 on top of it, for the insurance of public and private serv ants. Engraved Letters a Boston Fad. Xew York Press. Acknowledging and answering cor respondence with engraved letters is a novelty introduced by a Boston woman. Recently a Xew York woman sent a picture to this woman, and was greatly surprised to receive an engraved letter expressing the recipient's pleasure and extending an invitation to a week-end. party. This Boston woman answers all her correspondence in this way writ ing, then having the letter engraved. An' engraved memorandum keeps her posted as to engagaments and tells of the arrival of friends in town. Heaviest Weight at 40 Years. Pathfinder. A man generally reaches his heaviest weight at 40 years.