TTIE MORNING OREGOXIAN. MONDAY, APRDL 24, 1911.
fre (Drrimtrtn
rORTT, .TD. PRBTOT
Entmtrl at Portland. Oregon. Poatoftlc a
hcon-l-Otu Matiar.
uir:nioo Raia Invariably la Advance.
(BT MAIL)
r!Ir. Bandar lnc.'utj5. oaa vr . . ...lAe
I-aHy. Sued? loclud-4. i month .... 4 23 , . .t f w .-f
X !I. Sunday Inc1u.l.d.thra month.... iSS ! Ur Proportion Of the total cost or
t aiir. evuidar ineiadcd. on month. tj the finished product Is represented by
I1.T. wltftout unl. on . i.k
Xal.y. without undT. month S-M
r It. wlthont Sunday, thra montfca. ... 1.7
country widens the market for this
sea food there la certain to be a, great
expansion in this business. In time
it will become aa Important aa that of
the rivers and bays.
The treat value of fisheries to a
community or to the state Ilea in the
facta that the raw material Is avail
able without cost to any fisherman
who roes after it and that a very
.... 1 w
J-AO
S.40
I'ilr. without Sunday, on meats
on yar
undy. on yr.
aWaday aod walr, ona yar.
(BT CARRICK)
fai"?;. oB4ay included, en yar. ...... JO
J . tl III HI p. ,1., III I .11. V U 1UWU.1...... i
How t BaUf sand Pwioffiw monr ! system to the Columbia River. Testl
r,o?r l'A ;ZT '..n" frfn before the Stat. Railroad Com.
m at th adr- nak. iiir poatorf.ca ! mission hearing; at Spokane. Saturday.
ad-3ra la foil. Inrlsdins county and aiata, pre-id-nt Graves of the road said:
TO EXTEND Ot K TRADE LIMITS.
The Spokane & Inland Railroad, a
line that la doing- for Spokane what
the Oregon Electric is doing for Port-
ts . land, la planning an extension of the
lntara Kama 10 to 14 eaaaa. 1 cant: IS
to 2g pacae. 3 canta; 30 to ) pas. 1 cent;
to ao pgea. 4 canta, foreign poiag
dotjtla rat.
Earm Bawtnea OTfluva Verra A conk
II f Nw Tork. I.runavlca. building. Cul
rego. stger building-.
T-QBTLASD. JtOVDAI. ATEIX 14. Mil.
THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT.
The political cauldron at Washing
ton Is fairly seething at the present
time. Like the song of the witches in
Macbeth, "black spirits and white,
red spirits and gray: mingle, mingle,
mingle." There axe some rare good
men among those who have cut loose
from the party through which they
rode Into power, and there are also
among their number a few political
highbinders who are aa patriotic and
mild mannered aa the best-natured
pirate 'that ever cut a throat or
scuttled a ship. It Is the association
of these political pirates with the
really honest and well-meaning men
who have become weary of the stand
pat policy of the Republican party
that has given the progressives numer
ical strength with a corresponding re
duction In the average good character
of the body aa a whole.
The old Republican party before it
began wearing high tariff hobbles
fought shy of these political mounte
banks with whom gall and matchless
nerve took the place of merit and po
litical honesty. Whenever one of these
adventurers slipped into the House or
the Senate while his constituents were
engaged in a family row, the august
body in which he alighted at Wash
ington was somewhat Indifferent
about giving him a preferred place on
committees. As a result, members of
this type may be said to have been on
the ""waiting list" until this progres
sive movement, led by a few really
honest Republicans, came along and
welcomed them into the fold. Any
new organization badly in need of
members la not apt to look recruits
over with a mlscmscope until there Is
assurance that the organization Is
strong enough to exercise some dis
crimination regarding the company it
keeps.
It is not much of a strain on the
memory for one to recall the days
when the party of Champ Clark was
so far In the minority that It was re
garded as a good deal of a Joke. Per
haps If Uncle Joe Cannon and his
compatriots of the hlde-boun i. steel
riveted, blown-ln-the-bottle, high-tariff
type, continue their Ajax-defylng-the-lightnlng
stunt long enough, this
new party, or new wing of an old
party, may grow Into proportions
where it also may elect a Speaker of J
iue .House. ii is poaviojo, even proo
able, that the very respectable show
ing made by the progressives, good and
bad included, may cause some of the
old guard to alt up and take notice.
There are enough good Republicans
in the country to rehabilitate the
grand old party of Lincoln. Grant.
Garfield and other illustrious haroea
and if thev can keen the nolltlcaj ad- But for the past two years Gel
venturers who at Dresent flirura on 1 has been unusually prosperous.
the roster from becoming too promt- ! H manufacturers have undoubtedly
nent. there Is something more than ! found It very profitable to Import. In
a fighting chance for the party to re- j H"" quantities, raw material and
gain the ground that has been loot by ' other commodities which are used in
too much Cannon and too much tar- ' the factories. The big grain crops
iff. Political history of the oast ' whlcn are grown in the uerman Era
"We have promised Lewlston and
Walla Walla a line In the future.
Further, the line down the Spokane
to the Columbia has been surveyed.
We have the rights of way and are all
ready to let a contract when the op
portune time arrives.' Explaining his
remark regarding the opportune time,
Mr. Graves said that work would be
gin as soon aa financial conditions be
came less stringent.
This Is an announcement of consid
erable Interest to Portland. The ex
tension when built will add another
large are to the territory for which
this city is now the tidewater market
The Spokane A Inland traverses much
of the best portions of the rich Palouse
country and it also draws big traffic
from the Idaho Panhandle. It has.
from Its Inception, bandied such a
large volume of traffic that it has
been one of the best-paying electric
lines In the West.
At the present time it assembles a
large amount of freight .which Is
turned over at Junction points to the
steam roads. Part of this freight now
finds its way to Portland. With the
proposed lines built to Lewlston and
Walla Walla there would not only be
much new territory opened, but the
frequent service which is possible with
an electric line would greatly increase
the prosperity of the people in the dis
tricts through which It operated. Let
us hope that there will be a speedy ad
justment of the financial conditions so
that Mr. Graves can get his construc
tion forces In the field this season
New railroads are dally adding to
Portland's trade territory, but there
Is still room for more development of
this kind.
THE WORLD'S TRADE.
A very Interesting; summary of the
world's commerce for 1110 has Just
been published by the British Board
of Trade. The United Kingdom still
leads all other countries In both ex
ports and Imports, but the United
States Is crowding it hard for the
place with ex porta of $1,852,000,000.
Germany cornea third with 1 1,788,
000,000. and France follows with II.
169.074.000. these being the only
countries with exports In excess of
11.000.000.000. All have shown sub
stantial gains over the preceding year.
In Imports for consumption, the Uni
ted States Is crowded out of second
place by Germany, while France
which was more than 1600.000,000 be
hind the United States In exports falls
but a few millions short of this coun
try la the amount of Imports for this
item.
The figures on German trade for
the year offer an Interesting study
for the people who profess to regard
an excess of Imports as detrimental to
the country. Germany Imported II,
S34.000.000 worth of commodities and
exported but ll.7S6.000.000 worth,
the "balance of trade," as we call It,
thus being very much against her.
shows that it haa generally required
some economic or social cataclysm to
bring a new partv r",,,1 "o power.
The growth of great parties as a rule
has be-n alow and for that reason it
may be several years before the pro
gressives can swallow the old Republi
cans or the old Republicans win back
the progressives. Whichever method
la successful will be agreeable to those
who believe In good government hon
estly administered.
OKEGO.TS FISHERIES O
Not very many years ago that the
fisheries of the state constituted one
of the most Important factors in the
general trade situation especially in
the Columbia River district. The Im
portance of this great industry has
been somewhat overshadowed by the
Increased growth of other industries.
Wheat, fruit and lumber have all
come Into prominence since the Co
lumbia River fisheries first made Ore
gon famous. While the relative Im
portance of the fishing Industry has
been thus lessened the actual output
still remains at a pretty high figure
and with the enforcement of laws will
undoubtedly show an Increase. The
United States Government Is a lfttle
slow In completing some of its elab
orate compilations of statistics, and
for that reason the 190S returns on
Oregon fisheries have Just appeared In
a census bulletin report.
Despite the fact that they are two
years old. these figures present some
very Interesting details of the great
Industry, which once was the prin
cipal wealth producer in Portland's
trade territory. The value of the
products for 190$. according to the
Government flrurea. was fl.35C.000.
Of this amount -the Columbia River,
with Its big salmon pack, easily led
ail other portions of the state with
a total pack valued at 11.1(1.000. The
remainder of the total was made up
by the packs at Nehalem. Nostucca.
Tillamook. Rorrue River, Coqullle,
Clackamas. Willamette and Siuslaw
Rivers. Coos Bay. Taqulna Bay. AIea
Pay, Umpqu River, and Necanlcum
River. The capital Invested In this
great Industry amounted to Sl.3iS.000
of which $735,000 was Invested In
apparatus of capture. 1508,000 In
boats and outfits and $45,000 in shore
and accessory property.
The fish Included In these statistics
were practically all caught In the
rivers and bays of the state. Deep
water fish cut no figure In the totals.
With proper attention to artificial
propagation and care of the young
fish from the hatcheries, there la still
possibility for great expansion in the
Industry. The greatest Increase In
the future will come, however, from
the exploitation of the deep water
f.aherles. The waters of the Pacific
off the coast of Oregon and Washing
ton teem with valuable food fishes.
plre, and the meats that are produced
on the German farms, are thus used
at home to support the laborers who
are employed in making the articles
that figure In the record-breaking ex
ports of the empire. We have heard
much of late about the aggressive
nature of the Germans in building up
their manufacturing trade, and it is
not difficult to understand from these
figures why Germany is making such
progress.
In Great Britain the showing Is
even more printed, for In 1910 the
par with those that had their foun
dation In the favor of royal licen
tiousness? None certainly, unless the
sense of American dignity and the In
dependent spirit that is fcopularly sup
posed to be begotten by republican in
stitutions do not provide such a rea
son. If the American women who hope
to attract attention In London dur
ing coronation week by the display
of wealth see no Incongruity In the at
tempt to Intrude themselves and their
Jewels . Into the presence of British
there is no reason why they should not
do go. They will be snubbed, perhaps,
by those whose favor they seek to
gain, or perhaps they will only be ig
nored. In any case they will have
their day in the ranks of barbaric
splendor, bring- their Jewels and other
trappings back through the New Tork
custom-house in triumph and boast to
their descendants, if they have any,
of the splendor of the coronation,
which In their view would have been
shorn of half its brilliancy had they
selfishly refused or wantonly neglect
ed to lend the splendor of their Jewels
and the charm of their presence to the
pageant.
Since there Is so little left for the
rich American woman in the way of
personal enjoyment, he would be a
churl Indeed who would if he could
deprive her of the privilege of going
to "Lunnon" next month and taking
her Jewels and Individual coronation
robes with her.
THE VANISHING SHEEP.
Sheep shearing In Walla Walla
County Is about over for the season
with a total of about 20,000 fleeces re
moved. This Is only about one-fifth
of the number sheared five years ago.
The range Is becoming so scarce that
the Industry no longer figures very
much as a factor In the commercial
situation. The great decrease in such
a brief period, it Is asserted by some
sheepmen, is due to the Pinchot policy
of conservation, which restricted the
available range. Unquestionably the
absurd policy of Mr. Pinchot. has been
responsible for some decrease in the
herds of Eastern Washington and Ore
gon as well as elsewhere In the
United States. There is a possibility,
however, that other causes may have
contributed to this striking reduction
In the sheep census.
Walla Walla County, like all other
portions of the Columbia basin, has
been undergoing an economic change.
Many of the old sheepmen have be
come farmers, and now reap larger
profits from a few acres of fruit and
vegetables than they formorly secured
from a big band of sheep. Some of
the land "which was formerly regarded
as worthless for any other purpose
than grazing has been Included In Ir
rigation projects and Is of course
making big returns, which would have
been Impossible from the sheep In
dustry. The restriction of the range
seems to have brought at least one
pleasing change. The annual epidemic
of assassinations and slaughter of
sheep by the cattlemen who were also
anxious of monopolizing the free
range of Government land Is no longer
noticeable.
It Is doubtful If very much harm
ever resulted from running a moderate
number of sheep through the forest
reserves and the Pinchot conservation
policy was of course all wrong. And
yet closer Investigation of the problem
would probably show that sheep herds
In Walla Walla County have decreased
because there is more money In some
thing else.
PX.1E.VnnC MANAGEMENT.
In a somewhat vague but still In
sistent way economy of material, time
and labor has been recognized as a
prime element In the successful man
agement of all large business enter
prises, particularly those which In
volve the employment of a large body
of comparatively unskilled and unin
telligent men. While chafing at the
waste incident to the carelessness,
stupidity or unwillingness of such la
borers, employers have generally ac
cepted It as one of the risks insep
arable from "doing things" and have
put a price upon their product of
whatever nature, to cover this wast
age in the cost of production.
Occasionally men who are skilled
In the tactful handling and direction
of labor have been able to get the best
service which their employes were
capable of giving. But until recently
no general application of this fact or
process has been attempted. It Is now
proclaimed with all the zest of a new
what are likely to be the results of
this system upon the human machine?
What sort of a man will "Scientific
Management" applied to labor pro
duce? It is. Indeed, a far cry from
the apprentice of former years, who
mastered every detail of his trade, un
til from crude material to finished
product the work was his very own
the product of his own strength, in
telligence and skill to the workman
In the factory under "Scientific Man
agement," who spends his days In the
monotonous, unthinking, mechanical
performance of some perhaps, unim
portant part of a work, the completed
product of which he never sees, or
seeing recognizes nothing therein that
thrills him with the pride of producer,
This new system carries him a
step further toward the effacement of
self In his own production and with It
the pride In personal achievement that
is the spur to personal effort.
Modern educational methods recog
nize the close relation between the
hand and the brain. "Scientific Man
agement" ignores this relation utterly
by making the brain of the worker
subservient to that of the supervisor.
Will not this process in the end make
the worker a mere automaton, the
greatest virtue of which Is not to think.
but to hold himself (or In process of
time Itself) always ready for Instant
obedience to the will of another?
The safety of a republic rests upon
the intelligence and the Initiative pow
er of Its citizens. Will this new sys
tem of Industrial management develop
a body of worldngmen that may be
relied upon in stress of social, eco-
nomlo and financial questions for
support?
There are some economies that are
dear at any price. Among these may
we Justly reckon the lowered cost
to the consumer and the increased
profit to the producer which may be
secured by Mr. Taylor's discovery?
What, indeed, will compensate the Na
tion for the weakening of the mental
and moral fiber of a large body of Its
citizens?
Ill faro th land, to halting Ilia a prey
Where wealth accumulates, and men decay.
Judge Landls, famous for his anti-
corporation decisions, at Chicago,
Saturday, sentenced to ten years in
prison a white slaver who had be
trayed a fifteen-year-old girl. After
sentencing the villain. Judge Landls
said: "As far as I am concerned this
law Is going to have such enforcement
and application as will be calculated
to make a fifteen-year-old girl the
most dangerous thing in this com
munity, for unprincipled men to tam
per with." This Is a threat that will
be applauded by every decent man In
the country. It is a matter of regret
that the Government throughout the
United States does not pay as much
attention to prosecuting these while
slavers, who steal and ruin children.
as it pays to some unfortunate rancher
who cuts a few trees on Government
land. By imposing ten-year prison
sentences on a few of these unspeak
able dealers in children, the practice
would soon be made too dangerous to
be followed.
Imports of that tight little Isle were , . . .Vi . .
more than $400,000,000 In excess of Dg lt thls "SIt
the exports. Both of these countries.
which have outstripped all others In
their manufacturing development.
have the world for a source of supply
of raw material. The Importation of
most of this raw material Is not hamp
ered or prevented by any such re
strictive tariff laws as now prevent
the Americans from securing, duty
free, the products of other countries.
We have heard much of the great
strides that Japan Is making as
manufacturing nation, but the foreign
exports of that country for 1910 were
$224,081,000, or about one-tenth the
exports of the United States. In im
ports, Japan took more than $216
000.000 worth of our goods. Regard
less of the msgnltude reached In the
previous year none of the big coun
tries of the world have witnessed any
striking change either way. but It Is
believed that the totals for the year
1911 will far exceed those for 1910,
BARBARIC SFLEXDOR.
An exhibition of the barbaric splen
dor Indulged In by those "strange peo
ple, the Americans." is noted in the
registration at the New Tork custom
house of $3,000,000 worth of Jewels
and gew-gaws of various kinds by
American women who, themselves un
known, will visit London to witness
the coronation ceremonies of King
George IV and Queen Mary next
month. With a sagacity that does not
belong to the devotee of fashion, the
owners of these Jewels have fore
stalled he demand of the customs of
ficials for duty upon their return of
the gems which are to rival royalty
Itself In brilliancy.
Her ladyship, the oil magnate's wife,
the steel king's oft-wedded spouse, the
pork packer's erstwhile helpmeet, the
coal baron's dame and other get-rich-In
- a - single - generation's representa
tives all along the line will outshine
In this' opportunity to display riches
the court ladies whose titles date back
to the Norman Invasion or at least to
the days of Queen Bess and her uxorl.
ous father, or to the reign of the first
of "the fools and the rascals called
George."
And why not? Is there any rea
son why riches acquired through even
the most Questionable methods of
As the Increasing population of tha American finance should tot be on a 1
lng the best results for his employer
has not always the intelligence to do
this to advantage. This responsibility
has been left to those whose labor is
applied to piece-work in factories. It
is at least a fair presumption that the
man paid by the piece will produce
as much in a given time as is com
patible with the excersise and direc
tion Of such skill and strength as he
possesses. Hence under the general
supervision of the foreman he is left
largely to his own Initiative.
Mr. Fredrick W. Taylor, a man
trained and skilled In technical knowl
edge. Is proclaimed the discoverer or
Inventor of a new system of employ
ing the human machine, whereby the
best that Is In Its mechanism may be
utilized with the least possible amount
of friction hence with the minimum
waste of time and strength. This dl
covery he calls "Scientific Manage
ment" and In elaborating and carry
ing out the Idea Involved he has spent
much time and money. He maintains,
fundamentally, that all muscular ef
fort can be reduced to a system
through which Its highest efficiency
may be evolved a system, for ex
ample, whereby the handler of pig
iron is enabled to use every ounce of
his strength without waste of time or
motion.
This system, as explained in articles
carefully written upon the subject. In
volves a detailed and complete super
vision by competent managers of men
employed In special branches of In
dustry from the most crude to the
most skilled - labor. In accordance
with this new science, the workman
selects his tool, uses It In certain ways.
lays It down and rests, at prescribed
Intervals all at the command of the
supervisor, thereby making only such
movements as are requisite for the
work In hand, and while accomplish
ing much more, avoids fatigue.
Figures are given which show that
the practical results of this system
in Increased output and diminished
expense to the manufacturer are very
great, and In the Increased wage and
cheerful co-operation of the laborer,
form the long-missing - link In the
chain of labor.
These are obvious benefits and the
system hss been applied to many In
dustrial plants In directing labor of
diverse kinds with great success. But
The nature of the evidence against
the three men charged with blowing
up the Los Angeles Times building,
has not been disclosed. Pending its
publication and a fair trial for the ac
cused they will of course be regarded
as Innocent of the awful charge that
has been placed against them. Union
labor has suffered much for crimes
which its best representatives have
been prompt to repudiate ' and de
nounce, but the Los Angeles horror Is
the worst that has ever brought It
under suspicion. American citizens who
believe that this is a free country in
which these old-world crimes could
not take place, will hope that the evi
dence of guilt or innocence in this case
will be conclusive. If guilty, no pun
ishment Is too severe for such fiends.
If Innocent, they should be promptly
released.
It may be hoped that the troubles
of residents of the Mount Scott dis
trict on the water question, and inci
dentally those of George W. Brown In
the effort to make a dry section wet
through July and August with aqua
pura without adequate facilities for so
doing, are now over. The Woodmere
water plant has been bought by the
city, not because the city needed It,
but as a matter of courtesy to the
enterprising citizens who Installed It in
advance of the certain laying of Bull
Run pipes Into the district which It
fruitlessly tried to serve. The case has
a parallel in the purchase several
years ago of the old. Stark-street ferry
equipment when It could no longer
serve the people and the bridges had
taken over the traffic.
The United States Navy is to apolo
gize to a young woman for the act of
a snob who notified her that her pres
ence was objectionable at a Navy hop
at Annapolis. She is the daughter of
a professor at Tale and was living in
some capacity (not stated) with the
family of a Lieutenant-Commander.
The order for the apology came from
the Secretary of the Navy. The whole
affair Is a discredit to a branch of the
Government. The naval personnel con
siders Itself the royalty elect of this
great democracy, but the head of the
department, who Is always a civilian,
is able and has the power to take the
starch out of the snobs.
The plan of Labor Commissioner
Hubbard, of Washington, to house all
cripples In an institution and make
them self-supporting is of dubious out
come. Under restraint, the legless one
would kick all the time and even the
armless wonder would be disposed to
punch somebody. A headless prodigy
could, of course, utter little objection.
Better let them roam.
ROOSEVELT AXD THE THIRD TERM
Oakland Writer Elaborate Hla Foro-
eaat of 1913 Convention.
OAKLAND. CaL. April 17. (To the
Editor.) Referring to his letter, and
editorial comment thereon, in The Ore
gonlan of April 14. this correspondent
disclaims writing In a controversial
spirit. It is his desire only to make an
interchange of ideas. Continuing the
correspondence on the . moot subject.
which is of undoubted Interest even
thus much in advance of the events
speculated upon, he would emphasize
that what he has said, and what he
will say, is predicated en the assump
tion that the "Wall street influence"
will not be either innocuous or passive
before and during- the National conven
tions next year. But on the contrary,
that that influence, very potential in
its way will be aggressively active in
its own behoof.
Reasoning .from this premises, the
conclusion is easily reached that "It"
(the system) will strenuously endeavor
to prevent the nomination of both La
Follette (RepubWan), and any man
(save Woodrow Wilson, perbaps) who
was the choice of William J. Bryan.
Because the Wall street oligarchs ex
pect to lose control of the Congress in
toto, although Bailey, so-called Demo
crat, remains in the Senate. This will
render it the more Imperative that they
shall control the Executive, or at least
have as Executive a man who would
not "run amuck." slashing at "big
business."
Now the principal reason why the
Wall street Influence would rather have
Roosevelt than Taft nominated next
year. Is, In the opinion of this writer,
because Roosevelt's eleotlon would be
much more likely than Taffs; it mat
ters not who the Democrat nominee
was. For there Is no denying the faot
that, with the masses, the name "Roose
velt," or "Teddy," is one to conjure
with; whilst that of "Taft" awakes no
emotion, but falls flat and palls on the
proletariat.
Should the Wall street influence not
have been successfully .exerted In the
making up of the Republican conven
tion, it is verv Drobable that La Fol
lette would have a support which would
Dring dangerously near his nomina
tion. The Wall street influence would
is soon have Bryan President as
Fighting Bob." Should he be nomi
nated, and a Bryan Democrat also be
nominated, it is at once apparent that
the thing euphemistically called "The
System," would either have to organize
a convention and name a ticket of its
own, or take no part In the contest
(saving to Itself thousands of dollars.
perhaps), trusting to its press to pat
curb on the new President, to re- ,
strain him from running away In his
reform crusade, and smashing the
market to smithereens.
This muoh Is conceded: If the Demo
crats nominate Harmon, or any man
who would be supported by- Bailey as
tne mouthpiece of Thomas F. Ryan, Au
gust Belmont, John R. McLean, and
last but by no means least, John Pier
pont Morgan, then, if Mr. Taft desired
it, he would be renominated.
What would follow would be a sham
battle In which the "great common peo
pie" would take but a listless part.
But did the Republicans nominate La
Follette as the opponent of Wall
street's Democrat, then there would be
a battle royal, with the masses on the
side of "Fighting Bob."
It 19 In anticipation of such a culml
nation that a stampede would be made
to Roosevelt to prevent La Follette's
nomination. Would T. R. accept?
What's been the meaning of his
'swing round the circle" and adapting
his political views to what he believed
to be the preponderating reform or
other sentiment In the state where he
was speaking, if 'twas not with view
to having from those states delegates
in next year's convention who would at
the proper time cast their votes for
him as nominee, to prevent utter re
pudiation of the Taft administration,
by the nomination of the master spirit,
of the "Republican Progressive
League?"
JOHN ATJBRET JONES.
The man who shot the policeman
Saturday night must be caught and
punished for being a better marksman
than the three officers who emptied
their guns at htm.
The father of the white man's hope
is ready to back him with $50,000 to
mark the yellow streak in Mr. Johnson.
When all the Umatlllas are adorned
with spectacles nobody can tell the
cook from the doctor.
Why does not a local poet write a
song on "The First Rose of Summer?"
PRESENT LAW NOT ENFORCED.
Auto Owmer Reealla Ordinance Relat
ing- to Traffic on Carliuea.
PORTLAND. April 18. (To the Editor.)
In answer to the letter of C. E. 9.
Wood of April 18. asking for nme relief
from the auto epeed fiend, would say I
have given some thought on the subject.
I am an owner of a machine and live
on Union avenue, where I have a fine
chanoe to see a great deal of the trouble
be speaks of.
There is an ordinance, I believe, that
says, in effect, that the driver of a ma
chine must stop his car when he finds
the streetcar has stopped to take on
or let off passengers, but there are very
lew drivers who pay any attention to
this ordinance. If there does not hap
pen to be a "cop" in sight, they "let
her go," so they will not have to
change gears, which is a waste of energy
of the driver.
I think a good way to remedy this
would be to take the number of suoh a
car and report the same, stating the
time and place (not wait until someone
has been killed or Injured) and notify
the driver, that the second offence he
will be fined from $5 to J35 aa may suit
the judge. . I think by this means we
would do awey with a great deal of risk.
for very few, if any, have so much
money that they care to pay S3 for the
time or energy used in changing gears.
I wish to state that It would be a good
thing for the auto squad to keep an eye
on the conductors of the cars on Union
avenue. I think they will find that they
break the law In regard to epeed aa
often as the auto drivers, especially the
through cars In the evening, when there
Is danger for anyone crossing the street
from teams, autos and streetcars. There
Is so much nolee one can hardly hear
which side the warning comes from if
there Is any given.
The law allowing people to drive a ma
chine for hire Is very lax. A boy can
get a llcenee. after passing an examina
tion and saying he is 18 years old. There
Is very small punishment If he kills any
one, because there are a lot of them
who ere not 18 years of age. Since they
have not sworn to anything they have
not committed perjury. Now I would
think It would be safer if no person was
permitted to drive a machine for hire
unless he was 21 years of age. They
should be registered as a voter.
For one's own private use it would not
be necessary that the driver be 21 years
of age. A PUBLIC WELL-WISHER.
Early Canadian Reciprocity.
GERVAIS. Or., April 20. (To the
Editor.) For 18E4, I think it was, we
entered Into a reciprocity agreement
with Canada. Why and when was that
agreement abrogated? There Is much
discussion on the question and It would
be a satisfaction to many of us now
to know why It was not satisfactory.
CONSTANT READER SINCE '63.
The reciprocal agreement with Can
ada became effective March 16. 1855,
and was peremptorily terminated March
17. 1866. by act of congress, xne cruel
reason outwardly expressed at the time
was that during the treaty period the
balance of trade had been against us.
Historians, however, find a more patent
cause of abrogation In the hostile feel
ing engendered In this country toward
Great Britain by the unfriendly acts of
the British government and people
toward the Union cause in the Civil
War.
SCHOOL METHODS ARE CRITICISED
Dull Pupils Too Often Crowded, This
Writer Believes.
PORTLAND, April 22. (To the Ed
itorsThe other day a Portland mother
asked her four-year-old son to perform
some trifling service. Looking up from
his engrossing task of railroad con
struction, the little fellow said, "Ex
cuse me, mamma dear. I need myself
for a little while."
Unknowingly, the child hit upon one
of the difficulties of our modern edu
cational system. We fail to recognize
the fact that children need themselves
occasionally. They need to learn how
to use themselves and their powers.
We do too much for them. We try to
teiM-h them too much.
Our graded schools are planned with
a view to cramming the childish
cranium the greatest amount of In
struction possible In a given time. The
teacher must get her class through a
certain number of "parts" of the
course of study In a month. The
teacher and the class work are always
under the spur of this necessity.
No time can be spared to allow the
slow-thinking- child to puzzle anything
out for himself. His task must be
assigned him, with definite Instruction
as to how it is to be performed, with
the teacher's eye upon him to see that
he wastes as little time as possible in
profitless effort. The child is deprived
of the mental strength and joy which
come of a long, difficult and finally
victorious struggle with a refractory
problem.
In the leisurely days of the old-fash
ioned district .school the simple ele
ments of what constituted book learn
ing were gone over again and again.
The teacher's time was more fully oc
cupied than It is today, but the child
had muoh more time, and was thrown
largely upon his own resources In the
use of It. The result of the old sys
tem was a product of great variation.
The stupid and idle did not accom
plish as much, perhaps, as they might
under the modern system of surveil
lance, but such knowledge as wae ac
quired was thorough and lasting, be
cause it represented the fruit of the
student's own effort. We must await
the maturity of the present generation
of school children to Judge the result
or our later methods. We may expect
greater uniformity of training, but
may reasonably anticipate a loss in or
iginality and individuality.
Our life has grown so artificial that
we must have playgrounds with In
structors to teach the children how to
play. How pitifully dependent Is the
child who must be taught so natural
and inherent an accomplishment. Tom
sawyer and Huckleberry Finn needed
no expensive appliances, or trained
supervisors to produce games which
have been the vicarious Joy of a generation.
As much as possible let us permit the
child to work things out for himself.
Some of our best scholars have been
maae that way. Lincoln came to be a
clear thinker, a convincing speaker,
and developed a marvelous literary gift
Dy the light of the traditional pine
knot. It Is a question whether he
would have passed honorary In a mod
ern BChool, or whether the result would
have been as good if he had.
LOIS P. MYERS.
Advertising Talks
By William C. Freeman.
DARK HINTS FROM MR. CRIDGE.
One of Oregon's United States Senators
Candidate for Vice-President f
PORTLAND, April 21. (To the Ed
ltor.) The communication from N. F.
Throner In The Oregontan of April 21
to the effect that the Oregon system of
direct nominations produces Inferior
punilo servants Is not borne out by the
facts. Oregon has as efficient, capable,
honest and trusted men In her publio
service today as she ever had.
The reason the Western States are
passed up in appointments to commit
tees is merely one of population and
strength. Some of the Eastern States
have direct nominations and some have
not, and the same la true of the West
ern States.
California has a Governor that has
made himself known all over the land
as a progressive, fearless, pledge-keeping
servant of the great commonwealth
of the Southern Pacific He is a
product of the direct primary. Nothing
the matter with Johnson.
Oregon hae two United States Sen
ators fully the peer In accomplishments
of any of their predecessors. One of
them a possible candidate for Vice
President, with a good chance of elec
tion, too. Another has spread the
name and fame of old Oregon further
and faster than ever any Oregon Sen
ator did before.
The man too bashful to allow hie
friends to propose him for nomination
before the people is always too bash
ful and modest to get out and frame
up a convention to nominate him. The
old convention plan, with votes $5 each
at the primaries, and from that sum up
in conventions, is too recent history for
x riend Throner to talk about as su
perior to the direct primary.
we need the preferential vote in con
nection with the direct primary, which
would put an end to nominating candi
dates by minorities, and compel the
nominations to be made by majorities.
We need to go forward, not backward.
The direct primary has come to stay.
and with all Its faults It gives us just
as efficient, capable and powerful men
as the old convention plan, with all
Its rottenness, ill-feeling, wire-pulling
and trading.
As Roosevelt said, "Take It and look
pleasant," or words to that effect.
ALFRED D. CRIDGE.
Four hundred and twenty-five men
paid $1275 for a dinner at the Onondaga
Hotel In Syracuse on March 27th to lis
ten to speakers who were there for the
purpose of diacuaalng advertislns:.
Beeldes the $1275 expended for the
dinner, a considerable sum was spent
for music, decorations, and some very
clever local "take-offs."
This dinner was given under the
management of the S. A. M. Club, an
organization of Syracuse men vitally
Interested In advertising. The trade
mark of the organization Is a picture
of Uncle Sam. Its policy Is the devel
opment of Intelligent, honest and ef
fective mdv-ertlalng;.
Juet think of getting together 425
men in a community of the size of
Syracuse, all Interested In advertising!
There were business and professional
men there the president of the Cham
ber of Commerce was present; the
Mayor of the city was also present, and
so were Congressmen. State Senators,
an ex-United States Senator, a clergy
man, who opened the meeting, and all
of these men are actually Interested In,
modern advertising.
This all goes to show what a grej
hold advertising of the right kind has
on everybody. One thing that Im
pressed the speakers was the spirit
displayed by the newspapers of the
city in this meeting all of the busi
ness managers and proprietors co
operating in every way, and all of them
friendly toward each other.
Still another remarkable thing was
a request made of the committee of
arrangements, by fifty women In Syra
cuse, intereated in and identified with
advertising, to be permitted to attend
the 'banquet and take part In the affair
a request which had to be denied be
cause all the seats had been taken.
Almost every city outside of the big
metropolitan centers is able to get to
gether once a month sometimes often
er great numbers of merchant and
advertising men for the purpose of dis
cussing improvements In advertising;
methods.
They are all doing a great work,
which Is reaching out all over the.
country, and the general result Is bet
ter advertislns; than America has ever
seen before.
Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe
(Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew
Adams.)
Your friends are probably all right,
but haven't you some pretty tough
acquaintances?
Nearly every wife says to her hus
band: "I've taken a good deal from
you, and I suppose I'll take a goo.l
deal more, but there's one thing I
won't stand, and you might as well
know it." And every man knows what
that one thing Is.
Tou are supposed to get your "rights"
In this country; but I'd like to see you
get thom.
No one takes old age quite as hard as
an actress.
Do you take pleasure in "catching"
people at things? It's a mean trick.
Watch a man peel an apple, and
you'll want a bite.
I have noticed that as I ktow older I
am more neglectful In hating my ene
mies.
A fool and enthusiasm make a bad
combination.
A farmer gets the bert work out of
farm hand who aspires to bo hla
son-in-law.
Rich men are hated, and this Is the
reason: We poor people are in the
majority.
Half a Century Ago
Knock for Purple Potato.
PORTLAND, April 23. (To the Ed
itor.) I see that some of the potato
growers are advocating the growing
of the Russian purple as a new and
good variety. If the Oregon farmer Is
wise he will not get caught with such
chaff.
Forty years ago this potato was
brought Into Western Pennsylvania at
a time when the growers had lost crops
for four years on account of the potato
rot. This Russian potato was rot proof,
but it ruined all the white varieties
by mixing with them, and for yeare
tne nousewives were disgusted when
they endeavored to place on their
tables a nice plate of mashed potatoes,
as they looked as if they had been
boiled with a dirty dish cloth.
I advise the Gresham and Powell
Valley farmers, who now raise the best
potatoes in Oregon, not to spoil their
tine Burbanks with a mixture of Rus
sian blue. EX-FARMER.
From The Oregonlan, April 24, 1861.
The nomination of Isaac L Stevens
as Delegate to Congress from Wash
ington Territory appears to be a fore
gone conclusion. The trembling Democ
racy thirfk he Is their strongest man.
while we feel sure of beating- him if he
is put up.
About 8 o'clock yesterday morning a
little girl, the daughter of Mr. Dwyer.
was drowned In a hole of water la
Sixth street above the Sisters' School.
After next week we expect to be in
receipt of telegraphic dispatches regu
larly. The repairs in the line ought to
be completed by that time.
St. Louis, April 4: A special dispatch
from Charleston says the crisis has at
last arrived. Provisions to Major
Anderson were stopped today. General
Beauregard Is now Inspecting ' the for
tifications. Orders from Montgomery
for the commencement of hostilities
are howrty expected. The preparations
are complete.
Jack Johnson is out of Jail and San
Francisco is too slow for hlra.
The Beavers got wholesale rates on
hits yesterday.
Consrreaalooai Apportionment.
WARREJfTON, Or., April 21. (To
the Editor.) In apportioning Repre
sentatives to Congress from the sev
eral states, what Is the basis of representation!
LOWELL VAN HORN.
Mr. Burns seems to have been active I
of late.
One Representative
population.
to 194.183 of
Another Eg Record.
BORING. Or.. April 19. (To the Edi
tor.) Having read with some interest
the records for laying hens that have
been published in The Oregonlan, I am
going to send you the record for 12
Barred Plymouth Rock pullets for the
month ending April 18. -These hens
were hauled 10 miles and put Into
strange quarters the day before this
record was started.- I wished to see I Oregon?
wnat Kina or layers tney were, so have
kept a correct account of all eggs
produced and am more than pleased with
the results. The total for the month
was 255 eggs. G. H. SWAIN.
Road Low in Washington.
BRUSH PRAIRIE. Wash.. April 20.-i
(To the Editor.) Can a road that has
been traveled without obstruction for 13
years be closed now? I bought the farm
nine years ago. At that time there was
no question but I had the right to drive
over this other land to reach the county
road. But this land was sold five years
ago and the present owner has hindered
the sale Of my place by 6tatlng that we
had no way out. There Is another party
on the other side of us that has to use
the same road. Under these circum
stances, can the road be closed?
R. B. BOTD.
Not legally, after, the road has been
held In adverse possession for 10 years
or more. If, however, the owner of the '
land gave license to use the road, he
can close it any time. If It has been
used by the publio openly, notoriously
and adversely for 10 years. It cannot be
closed.
If the writer has used the road by ad
verse possession for 10 years, he has a
right to an easement over It now, the
same as he has been enjoying;
Oregon System.
PORTLAND, April 22. (To the Edi
tor.) What is the meaning of State
ment No. 1 and the Initiative and ref
erendum as they apply to the State of
A RECENT ARRIVAL.
Fair Real Estate Deals.
PORTLAND, April 22. (To the Edi
tor.) If a man buys property In Port
land, having never seen it, and be finds
out it has been misrepresented to him,
would It be unfair to have his money
refunded? A SUBSCRIBER.
Under the conditions cited, it would
be fair for the grantor to refund the
purchase price in return for recon
veyance of the property to him. Not
enough facts are given, however, on
which to have an opinion as to the
right of the grantee to recover at law.
"Statement No. 1" Is a pledge Incorpo
rated in the direct primary, which can
didates for the Legislature may sign
at their option. It pledges the candi
date, if elected, to vote for the peo
ple's choice for United States Senator.
The lntiatlve In Oregon gives eight
per cent of the voters of the stat the
power to prepare laws by petition and
bring them to vote of the people.
The referendum provides for refer
ence to vote of the people, upon peti
tion of S per cent of the voters, of any
law (not necessary for the immediate
preservation of the public peace,
health or safety) passed by the Legis
lature. It also empowers the Legisla
ture to submit laws to the peonla.
Operation of laws referred Is suspended
pending decision of the voters. ;