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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1911)
: JlwittHf jjl rf$ftt ' Tr t? tt a vt nw.pr.nv. FRIDAY. APRIL 21. 1911. PRICE FIVE CENTS. VOL. LI Q. , T Instead He Gives Diaz 24 Hours to Resign. ATTACK ON JUAREZ DUE TODAY ftebel Leader Deaf to Plead ings of Delegates. . FORCES SURROUND CITY Delegation of Friends of Both Par ties Even Offer Surrender or Juares. bat Cltimatum About DLas Is Unchanged. EL VASO. Tex, April 10. Unless the Federals make an attack on the rebel army. F. L Madero aaya there will be no assault on Juares until after o'clock Friday afternoon. If by that time be baa not received assurances from Por Brlo Dial that he will retire from the presidency. Madero declares that the Juares fight will take place at once. -All that the Federals want Is time to brine up more reinforcements." he said today, when asked If he would consider an armistice. -j will give Tla 21 hours to resign." he said this afternoon, when a delega tion of Kl Pasoans and Mexican cltlxens called upon him In his camp In the hills near Juares and asked him to consider peace terms. The latter assertion was not only a reply to the volunteer peace commission, but also to Gonzales Gar-secretary-genera! of the revolution ary Junta, who carried a message from Ir. Gomes In Washington on asking for a delay In the attack. He said It was his final reply to all attempts to secure peace: that Diaz must surrender the presidency. Dia Most Co, Jaare Surrender. The volunteer peace commissioners who visited the provisional president and lnsurrecto commander went under the permission of the Federals and made the trip In two automobiles with white flags. The Associated Press correspon dent was In the camp when Madero met them." After the conference Madero dictated the following: "The peace commission came unoffi cially and asked under what terms I would make peace. I said I would agree, as I have already said to Dr. Gomez, that In the Interest of peace I would resign as provisional president of Mexico. bit only If I consider that the will of the people has been satisfied, otherwise the revolution will continue, notwithstanding my peace negotiations. "I know the people want the retire ment of Dlas and no re-election. For that purpose I will accept as provisional president any one of the members of the present cabinet who will call a new election. In case this condition Is agreed upon, we want Juares -to be delivered to us. and then an armistice will be signed. "I will wait nntn tomorrow evening to hear the result of the peace nego tiations, which are being directed by Pr. Vaaques Gomes. If tomorrow night no answer cornea I will commence hos tilities." Madero Ready to Sacrifice All. The peace pilgrimage waa made up of Fella Martlnes. of El Paso. Esqulbel Obregon and Oscar Branlff, of Mexico City, speaking Independently, but for the federal government; Sylvestro Terrasas, of Chihuahua; Dr. J. A. Samanco, of El Psso; Lots L. Samanco. of Juares. and Emlltano Enrique, of Chihuahua. The conference was attended by Ma dero In person. Colonel Jose de la Lus Blanco. Lieutenant-Colonel Garibaldi. Raoul Madero and Frederick Gonxales Garxa. provisional Secretary of State and head of the Mexican revolutionary junta In El Paso. After the self-appointed peace com missioners had returned to El Paso. Felix Martlnes gave out the statement of their trip. . "1 do not want the Presidency." Ma dero said, and repeated frequently dur ing the conference. "1 am willing to sacrifice everything wealth, position, family name and even mr life for the cause of Mexico; Dlas ought not to heel tat to sacrifice the position that he has held for 30 years for the cause of his country." Peace Delegates Vainly Plead. Esqulbel Obregon. who. with Senor Oscar Branlff. had gone from Mcxk-o City to Washington to consult with Dr. Vasques Gomes regarding any possibil ities of peace, spoke In behalf of the federal government and agreed to trans mit any terms Madero might suggest to the President at Mexico City. They were acting only as private cltlxens bent upon seeing a peaceful condition of affairs in their native country, they told Ma dero. -We have no ax to grind." Obregon said at the conference. "All we want Is to stop the bloodshed and destruc tion of property. The Mexican govern ment has granted all of the conces sions you (Madero) have asked for. and the moral victory, for which all tig battles are fought, has already been won. Why cause further suffer ing and misery among the people that are your people and my people?" Os.-ar Branlff said: "I am President Dial' best friend. iCosclodsd ea face 3.) MADE RD WILL FJO 6RAHT AHMISTIGE GOULD TIE CALLS ISLAND PRINCESS SIRS. DAVID KAWAXAVAKOA OX WAT TO XEW YORK. Doky Member of Royal Hawaiian Family to ' Attend Coronation After Miss Graham Is Bride. SAX FRANCISCO, April 20. (Spe cial.) The Pacific MalL liner Siberia arrived at noon today from the Orient via Honolulu. Among the prominent passengers was Princess David Ka wanakoa, who will tarry in 6an Fran cisco but one day 'before continuing to New Tork. where she will attend the wedding of Jay Gould and Miss Annie Douglas Graham. April 29. The Princess, who la mother of the three remaining members of the Ha waiian royal family, is a relative of the young woman who, by her beauty alone, won her way Into the Gould family.. The Prlncesa Kawanakoa. who was the beautiful Abby Campbell, of Hawaii and San Francisco. Is not a good sailor and never has become Inured to the rigors of mal da mer. She was among the first to walk down the plank and expressed her pleasure volubly at again being on land. She was met by Mrs. Kate -Voorhles Henry, her most Inti mate friend In San Francisco. Mrs. Ilenry Is as beauteously- f,r th Princess Is dusky, and the two attract ed much admiration as they walked to their waiting limousine. Immediately after the Gould-Graham nuptials, the Princess and Mrs. Henry, who will aocompany her East tomor row, will sail for England to attend the coronation ceremonies. The Princess carries the distinction of being the only American woman to be "commanded" by King George and Queen Mary to attend the coronation. The command was made as a courtesy to the royal Hawaiian family, which as a dynasty became extinct when the Isl ands came under the domination of the United States. CHALONER TO PAY EX-WIFE ovelist Anielie Rives, Xovr Princess Troubet&key, Gets $3 600 Yearly. NEW TORK, April 20. (Special.) Princess Troubetakey. who was Amelia Rives, the novelist, took the witness stand before Referee George M. Mac vn.r todav in support of her claim for an allowance of $300 a year from her ex-husband. John Armstronr Chal oner. on the ground that when she got her divorce from Chaloner In South Dakota In 1195 she made no ciaim on him for about 120.000 or her earnings that he had Invested. Chaloner. who has been adjudged In competent. In this state, did not object to payment, and Thomas T. Sherman, acting for the estate. Informed the ref th.t it would gratify -Chaloner if the amount were allowed. The referee recommended the allowance, and Jus tice Blanchard signed an order direct ing payment of the money. Princess Troubetskey testified that she got $20,000 from her writings at various times and that Chaloner un derstood it was to bo returned to her and promised many times to return It. In answer to a question by the referee the Princess said that in consideration of payment of $3600 a year, which is to be Increased to $6000 when Chaloner is able to pay It. she will release him of all claims against him. WEST ORDERS CLERK OUT John W., Throne, or Insurance Cora . mlsfclon, Jold to Resign. SALEM. Or, April 20. (Special.) The political ax has fallen cgaln at the State Capitol and John M. Throne, of the Insurance Commissioners' depart ment, has submitted his resignation at the Instance of Governor West. Mr. Throne was employed during Governor Benson's administration and is a Republican. Governor West ac cuses Throne of "making Indiscreet re marks" concerning Weat In the cam paign and as a result the Governor notified Mr. Kozer to discharge his head clerk. He will be succeeded by Charles Wilson, of Portland. Mr. Throne comes from Roseburg and Is a Republican. Ula resignation goes Into effect May 1. HONEYMOON TARDY LONG Aberdeen Minister and Wife, SO Years 3farrled, Take Trip. ABERDEEN. Wash. April 20. (Spe cial.) After 30 yeara of married life Rev. and Mrs. F. F. -W. Greene sailed today on the steamer Centralia for California on what Is to be their honey moon. Friends showered them .with rice and their stateroom was filled with flowers and gifts or all kinds. Rev. Mr. Greene Is pastor of SL Andrew's Episcopal Church here. He has been 111 for several weeks, due to overwork and his parish Is giving him this trip as a tribute of its regard for him. He and his wife never had time to make a honeymoon Journey. CANFIELD'S PLACE IS SOLD American Monte Carlo Bought by Saratoga Springs Village. SARATOGA. N. T, April 20 Richard A. Canfield's famous clubhouse and park was bought todsy by the village of Saratoga Springs for 1150.000 and will be added to the State Mineral Springs reservation. The Canfleld place was famous as an American Monte Carlo : : I 1 . . .. . T I . i f n n n n II ' II HIIIIIIIRIDIl HRIRI 1 mm t wuHUb ARE TAKEN BACK Mexico Retracts When Note Offends. INTERVENTION NOT DESIRED Wilson's Question Causes Sur-r prise to de la Barra. AMERICAN ARMY FEARED Minister Tells Deputies Shooting at Agua Prlcta Was Done by Ameri cans in Lopes' Army United States to Be Mollified. MEXICO CITY, April 20. Mexico to night, through Minister of Foreign Af fairs de la Barra. modified her reply to the note of President Taft regarding the Agua Prleta Incident. Minister de la Barra requested Am bassador Wilson to notify the State De partment at Washington that he desired to recall that portion of his recent note In which he expressed the surprise felt by Mexican officials at the crossing of the International boundary by "Individ uals of the American Army." He referred to the Incident of Captain Gaujot and Lieutenant Moore who en tered Agua Prleta on the day of the fight and accepted the surrender of a body of federal troops. In view of the late reports, the Minister declared his belief that the officers did not cross the line to ask the garrison to surrender. The Minister asked the American Am bassador to call at the department and briefly he outlined the character of the modification he wished to make. He had read In the afternoon papers the story from Washington In which it was said the note from Mexico had created an unfavorable Impression. Intervention Not Desired. Discussing the attitude of the Wash ington officials. Ambassador Wilson aaked Minister de la Barra If he was expected to understand that Mexico was attempting to force the United States to Intervene. Expressing his surprise. Minister de la Barra assured him that nothing of the kind was intended. He assured the Ambassador It was the desire of Mexico to avoid any possible misunderstanding growing out of the controversy. He desired to have the United States understand that nothing that had oc curred, either In the affairs on the fron tier or in the correspondence growing out of It. would Justify the impression that Mexico desired the Interference of the United States. - Mr. Wilson assured the Minister he would Immediately forward the request of the Department of Foreign Affairs to Washington. Mr. de la Barra, the Ministes-of For eign Relations, made a report to the Chamber of Deputies on relations with the United States, in which he stated Mexico's defense In regard to the shooting of American cltlxens at Agua Prleta and made frequent allusions to the large American Army assembled (Concluded on P 2.) INDEX TO TODAY'S NEWS . The Weather. YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature. 74 decre: minimum. 40 decrees. TODAY'S Fair; winds shifting to southerly. Mexico. Madero refuses to grant armistice and will . attack Juares today unless Diaz resigns In meantime. Page 1. Senator Stone proposes Intervention, but loaders of both parties "oppose him. Pace 2. De la Barra retracts offensive words In rote to Taft and says Intervention Is not desired. Page 1. National. Party affiliations forgotten in debate on reciprocity in House. Page 5. Domestic. Mormon Church and. State of Utah In con certed move to investigate charges of Importation of English women for im moral purposes. Page 5. Chicago Lutheran minister admits having three wives, is arrested on complaint of third. Page 1. Police Chief Seymour refuses to wink at Vice aa McCarthy desires and quits, ru mor In San Francisco. Page 6. Five Americans tunneled for yea to rob Panama bank of $100,000. Page 6. J. P. Morgan's man. Day, heads Equitable Life at 130,000 yearly salary. Page 1. - Ex-Senator Hopkins testifies abou Lo rimer bribery. Page 3. Rivalry for president-general of Daughters of American Revolution is keen. Page 8. Princess David Kawanakoa arrives In San Francisco, bound to attend Gould-Graham wedding. Page 1. Paclfle Northwest. . Mayor-elect Parks, of Aberdeen, locks horns with Council over appointments. Page T. Pardon denied W. Cooper Morris, and prison looms near. Page o. W. W. Seymour takes oath of office as Mayor of Tacoma, replacing Mayor Faw- cett, recalled. Page 7. Depositors In failed Vsncouver bank may get 60 per cent. Page 7. Sports. Northwestern League results yesterday: tpokane 3, Portland 2; Victoria 2. Ta coma. 0; Seattle 3, Vancouver 1. Page 8. Pacific Coast League results yesterday: Portland 4, Los Angeles 8; San Francis co 7. Sacramento 2; Vernon 10, Oakland 3. Page 8. Coulon has big shade on Phil MoGovern Jn ten-round bout. Page 8. Ex-Champion Beals Wright defeats Brandt Wlikeraham at tennis. Page 8. Nine slashing bouts seen at Columbus Club smoker. Page 4. Commercial and Marine. Coal tests for lighthouse tenders to be made. Page 18. Wheat soars at Chicago In response to bad foreign crop reports. Page 19. Gould atocks affected by uncertainty of road' a affairs. Page 19. Portland and Vicinity. Veteran passenger man says Rose Festival will be better than coronation. Page 9. Steamer Shaver damaged $15,000 by fire. Page 12. Milkmen plan co-operative distribution qf produce to city customers. Page IS. Cameron's prospective opponent is yet un announced. Psge 9. Grand Jury aummons three members of po lice and' clergyman after Municipal As sociation representative testifies, page 14. Sixty-five nominations made for 13 munici pal offices. Page 12. Dr. Andrew C. Smith tells of compact with C. K. Henry over postofflce site. Page S. Werleln and Lombard, Mayoralty candi dates., hurl charges at each other In Masonic Temple debate. Page 1. East Side business men favor vacation of streets. Page 4. MRS: BURKE-ROCHE TO WED Her Engagement to Brother of Lord Decles Is Announced. v AKRON, C April 20. (Special.) The engagement of Mrs. Burke-Roche, daughter of the late Frank Work, and fourth cousin of B. C. Work, eldest son of the Work family In Akron, to Ro bert Seton Beresford, brother of Lord Decles. who married Miss Marjorie Gould, Is announced. Mrs. Burke-Roche and Beresford have been in each other's company a great deal since the arrival of Beresford from England to act as best man at his brother's wedding. Mrs. Burke-Roche has been married three times. . She was divorced from her last husband, Aurel Batonyi, after her father had referred to him as a "fortune-bunting coachman." Frank Work, from whose estate Mrs. Burke-Roche Inherited $1,000,000, was one of the most famous horsemen In the world. MEANING OF THOSE SOCIALIST " VICTORIES.' MORGAN'S MAN IS EQUITABLE'S HEAD President Day to Get $50,000 Yearly. MORTON RECEIVED $80,000 Directors Indorse Plan for . Mutualization of Society. MONEY KING APPROVES Xew York Insurance Commissioner Advises Board to Defer Elevation of Vice-President, Pending Changes bat Is Disregarded. NEW YORK. April 20. Against the advice of Superintendent Hotchklss, of the State Department of Insurance and Its trustees, the Equitable Life Assur ance Society, by vote of its board of di rectors today. elected W. A. Day, J. Plerpont Morgan's candidate, to succeed the late Paul Morton as president of the society, at a salary of $50,000 a year, as against the $S0,000 a year paid to Mr. Morton. No vice-president was chosen to succeed Mr. Day. The board continued the present com mittee on mutualization and lnstructea It to co-operate with the State Depart ment of Insurance, with the trustees and with Mr. Morgan. The vote stood 26 for Mr. Day and three against and later was made unani mous. Thomas Spratt, chairman of the committee on reorganization, said alter the meeting that there had been no op position to Mr. Gray on personal grounds but that the trustees and Superintend ent Hotchklss believed the election should have been postponed until a defi nite mutualisetion plan had been ef fected. Hotchklss Makes Address. For an hour, Mr. Hotchklss addressed the directors. "The majority of shares In this society to be exact 602 shares put of 1000," he told them, "Is now owned by J. Pler pont Morgan and for him held by three trustees. I believe that Mr. Morgan fa vors mutualization. In fact, he has told me so; but Mr. Morgan is T4 years old, and we all know what distrust, unrest and anxiety have attended a change in control of the society in the past. "Here we have a corporation with 500,000 policyholders In this country, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, India, all over the world, as nearly permanent, one may say, as any corporate institu tion In the world can be. "Is this corporation to be sold and re sold at the will of an Individual owner, perhaps to be exploited, certainly to be Intrigued for, or Is It to be enfran chised and own Itself?". Resolution Is Adopted. Following Mr. Hotchklss' address the directors adopted bo following resolu tion: "Resolved, that It is the senee of this board that mutualization, as suggested by Superintendent of Insurance Hotch kiss In his letter of January 18, to (Concluded on Page 3.) PARSON ADMITS HAVING 3 WIVES THIRD MATE, HIS "TRUE LOVE," CACSES HIS ARREST. Chicago Lutheran Asks Court Not to Hold First Tie Against Him. Grand Jury to Inquire. CHICAGO, April 20. Kurt Carlson, who says his real name Is Kurtz Mueller, and that he Is an ordained Lutheran minister, pleaded guilty to day In the Municipal Court to having three wives living. He was arraigned on complaint of the third wife, whom he described as his "true love," and In his story to the court he said he thought his first marriages "should not be held against him." These are the three wives and the reason he married or left them, as given by Mueller: Wife No. 1 Kate Mazer Mueller, of Sutton, NebT; married her because dea cons of his church said it was not good for a young man pastor to re main unmarried.; after four years left her because of her simplicity of mind and hie own "elevated mentality." She is the mother of three of his chil dren. Wife No. 2 Annte De Block Mueller, of Detroit, Mich. She married him for his money ten months after he left his first wife. After two months she left him; Is the mother of one child. Wife No. 3 Amelia Fehl Carlson, Chicago, his "true love." Married her 18 monthB ago In Chicago. Mueller has been working as an elec trician. He was held to the grand jury in bonds of $2000. PEANUT ROLLER PAYS BET Wheelbarrow Rides Also Enjoyed by Opponents of Fawcett. TACOMA, Wash., April 20. (Spe cial.) Wearing on his back a large placard labeled "I voted for A. V. Fawcett," Al Smith today laboriously rolled a peanut with a big steel crow bar from a barber shop at Ninth and C streets to the Tacoma Hotel. Smith made his freak bet with J. R. Kline, who had picked Seymour to win. Smith had plenty of company on his peanut rolling expedition, the crowd being so dense in places that he had trouble keeping trace of his peanut. Louis Leth enjoyed a three-hour wheelbarrow ride today, the motive power being supplied by Martin De vlne, who had picked Fawcett to win. A second wheelbarrow bet was paid by Warren Cady, a tlmberman, who wheeled Jerry Meeker from a saloon on Pacific avenue to the Donnelly Hotel and back. The biggest cash bet was $2500 put up at even money by John Novak, an oysterman, and taken by a lumberman whose name was kept secret. Mayor Fawcett retired to private life at 3 P. M. and Mayor-elect Seymour took the oath of office. Fawcett an nounced that he propably would never seek office again. The official canvass of the returns today showed 21,711 votes cast and Seymour's majority 733. SURGEONS CURE CRIMINAL Growth Pressing on Brain Causes Xevadan to Commit Murder. CARSON, Nev., April 20. Following an operation on his skull. Frank Ever ett, sent to state's prison for life In 1906 for the murder of Roundhouse Foreman E. Malone In Mlna, Nev, was conditionally pardoned -today by the Board of Pardons. His continued freedom depends on his future conduct. Everett's relatives said he was in sane when he shot Malone upon the latter's refusal to provide a special lo comotive for him. After four years of effort before the Pardon Board, the prisoner was operated upon for the re moval of a foreign growth In the skull, and a small section of bone was cut out, releasing pressure on the brain. Everett recovered normal mentality and the doctors said his case had been "Jacksonian" epilepsy, which is cura Me. In the bone was a rusty needle. COACH CRIPPLED IN PLAY 3Ilchlgan and Chicago Yells Ring Out as Athletes Clash. OREGON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Corvallls, Or., April 20. (Special.) As a result of a playful episode In which the athletic rivalry between the University of Michigan and Chicago played a prom inent part. Dr. Steckle, coach of the college track team, is confined at his apartment with a broken leg. The Injury was received In a friendly skirmish between Steckle and Fred Walker, coach of the baseball team. At the close of practice tonight the two coaches were in the gymnasium. Steckle, who Is an old Michigan football star, picked up a football and yelled "Michi gan." Walker, who Is an ex-Chicago halfback, responded with the Chicago yell, and then the athletes clashed. COUNTY IS LAWYERLESS Last One In Kansas Section Dies and Murder Case Waits. TOPEKA, Kan., April 20.--Stanton County, Kansas, with a population of 1084, has not a lawyer In Its midst. S. M. Brewster, State Senator of Doniphan County, was today appointed special as sistant Attorney-General and designated to act as County Attorney in a murder case In Stanton. Several weeks ago Marlon Cole, Stan ton County Attorney and the last lawyer In the county, died. The murder case, thus held In abeyance, will be tried next w-ee! ix E C CANDIDATE TARGET OF OTHER Werlein and Lombard in Sharp Debate. COUNCIL CALLED BAD TRUST City Treasurer Says Rival Is Betrayer of City. PAVING CONNECTION CITED Ex-City Father Seeking Major's Chair Denounces Charter and Foe Vpholds It Warmly. 800 Hear Discussion. Sharp charges were hurled at Gay Lombard by his Republican opponent for the Mayoralty nomination. City Treasurer Werleln, at a joint discussion between the candidates In the Masonic Temple befgre an audience of 800 per sons last night Thomas J. Fording was chairman of the meeting, which was the largest gathering of voters in a municipal campaign held In Portland In years. Councilman Rushlight, the third Republican candidate for Mayor, was not present. Council Called "Trust." Ignoring the personal references of Mr. Werleln, Mr. Lombard delved Into serious discussion of municipal affairs which he censured severely and recom mended the adoption of a commission form of government as the only rem edy. He denounced the present char ter as "obsolete and old-fashioned." He reiterated his charges against the present City Council, which, he said, under the present charter constitutes "the greatest trust with which the people of Portland have to deal." He made the assertion that the new cre matory plant was "a political job got ten up In payment of a political debt, no matter whether the Health Board or anybody else did it." Paving Bases Attack.' Betrayal of the city through hia activity in introducing before the Coun cil resolutions calling for street paving in view of the fact that a bonding com pany,' of which Mr. Lombard was presi dent, bonded the contractors, was among the charges made by Werlein against his opponent. Werlein further charged Mr. Lombard with lack of knowledge of the pro visions of the present charter and resented feelingly the published imputa tions by Mr. Lombard that Werieln, as City Treasurer, in 1907 deposited city funds in banks without obtaining ade quate security, in violation of the city charter. It was In this part of his dis cussion that Mr. Werleln alluded to Mr. Lombard, Indicating him with his finger, as "this man," instead of calling him by name. Charter Is Upheld. Mr. Werleln defended the present city charter, which, he said, was one of the' best documents of its kind in the coun try. He asserted that It should be given a thorough trial by good men having the courage of their convictions. Faults now found In the administration of the city government, declared Werleln, were due, not to the charter itself, but to the men who were responsible for Its Inter pretation and application to municipal affairs. With good men in the Council and the provisions of the charater correct ly applied, Mr. Werlein argued, the gen eral public would be satisfied with the results. Sympathy for Council Felt. Mr. Lombard, In his argument, ac cuses Mr. Werleln of evading Lombard's demand that he Inform the voters what he thought of the members of the pres ent Council., In his rebuttal, however, Mr. Werlein said he "had deep sympathy for these men (Councilmen) who are doing the best they know how, but the best they know how is not very good." Introducing the discussion, Mr. Wer leln, who spoke for 30 minutes, said no patented form of government known to the ingenuity of man would give satis factory results unless administered prop erly. He said that under the present charter the funds of the city were being squandered and dissipated, not through dishonesty, but because the men direct ing the city's affairs . did not under stand the charter provisions. Tax Increase Cited. Quoting statistic Mr. Werleln showed that the taxes of the City of .. Portland had increased from $660,222.54 in 1906 to $1,124,986 in 1910 and $1,617, 187 in 1911, or an 1 urease of 50 per cent during the last 12 months. "Relief from Increasing taxation, said Mr. Werlein, "cannot be expected as long as those closest to the Council continue to get their hands into the city treasury. There is no justice in paying one employe $100 a month and another employe $150 for doing the same class of work. I would not be parsimonious, but would pay for every job the salary that the work is worth. . Overpaid Are Assailed. "I am not after the men in the street cleaning department, who are earning the wages they receive, but I am after the men "higher up,' who, under the present system, are building up a sys tem of 'ring rule and boss politics.' Under this system men are now In the Concluded en Page i-l ( 1