lO
TIIE MORNING ORE GO XI AN , SATURDAY, JULY 2, 1910.
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"OKTLANI, SATURDAY, JULY" S, 1910.
I
VICES OF "DIRECT" LEGISLATION.
People of Oregon adopted initiative
end referendum as an emergency
method of legislation. They never
Bupposed fadisms, selfish designs and
Innovating fakismr, -would find in it
yt3rv srsirt f mm 1hf checks Of reD-
' . recentative legislation. Nor did they
foresee that it would be urged as sub
stitute for Legislature, and that its
champions would now be preaching
decline of the history-vindicated
method of representative constitu
tional government.
The "system" in this state has
been carried to an effort to substitute
a. democracy without constitutional
limitations or representative institu
tions. Its champions are ignorant of
the fact that constitutional and rep
resentative government is the safe
guard of democracy; without it, de
mocracy everywhere has failed. The
founders of the Government in the
constitutional convention of 1787 un
derstood this matter. They established
e. republican form of government,
!whlch they defined as one of constitu
tional and representative limitations.
History of democracy and despotism
, made such scheme as "direct" popular
lawmaking abhorrent. They allowed
restricted referendum and subsequent
events have vindicated their wisdom
but they repudiated the initiative.
The initiative and referendum in
Oregon should be taken out of the
reach of common use. More than
thirty measures vill be submitted to
voters next November for "enact
ment." These bills, in each case, are
beyond the comprehension of the aver
age voter, because, if not deficient in
intelligence, he lacks information of
details. None of the bills is needed as
3aw. The people will be better oft
fwithout all of them. They serve local
schemes, fad designs and selfish ob
jects. They should be considered, if
Bt all, by a legislative body that can
study every detail and amend and
modify them to copform with the gen
eral interest. "
The initiative and referendum was
Intended by the people of this state as
a means of correcting omissions of the
Legislature. Instead of that, the ap
peal is now to the Legislature to cure
vices of initiative and referendum.
Mr. ITRen and his element, however,
Is so satisfied that he declares the peo
ple are dispensing with legislative as
semblies. This, then, is the fruitage
of the "Oregon system." But the sys
tem will not be permitted to spread
to further Impairment of representa
tive, constitutional government. The
people are beginning to call a halt
and to demand that initiative and ref
erendum be reserved as a supplement
to assembly legislation and be made a
Substitute.
PORTLAND JOBBERS SECT" RE.
The American-Hawaiian Steamship
Company has been carrying freight
from the Atlantic coast to Pacific
ports at a maximum rate which is 60
per cent of the rail rate for the same
service. Being unhampered by the
regulations which the Interstate Com
merce Commission insists that the rail
roads must obey, the steamship com
pany frequently cuts this rate as much
as 30 per cent of the rail haul. With
an admirable transfer service across
the isthmus of Tehuantepec, the
steamship line is enabled to deliver
freight at Pacific Coast terminals in
less than 30 days after it leaves the
East, thus making practically the same
time that is made by the average run
of freight reaching here by rail. The
American-Hawaiian Steamship Com
pany is a close corporation and does
not take the public into its confidence
' regarding its profits. It is known,
however, that from a meager begin
ning, with two small steamers, the
line has within a few years developed
Into a great concern operating about
twenty mammoth freighters, with sev
eral more under construction.
If there has ever been any misgiving
lest the low rates charged were in
sufficient to warrant the service, It
will be dissipated by the news that the
company will not only increase its
Tehuantepec service, but will also op
crate steamers by way of the straits
of Magellan In opposition to the
newly-established Bates Cheesebor
ough line. The Bates line has been
making a $7 rate between San Fran
cisco and New York, compared with
the $9 rate of the American-Hawaiian
Jine, and the latter, following the
longer route of the Bates line steam
ers, has cut the rate to $5.5(5 and $6
per ton. The Bates & Cheeseborough
people assert that the reappearance of
the American-Hawaiian line steamers
on the route through the Straits of
Magellan is exclusively for the pur
pose of driving the new line off the
ocean. Whether this be true or not,
one point is made plain: that is, that
the business of transporting freight be
tween the Atlantic and Pacific sea
boards at a rate that is but 60 per
cent of the rail rate Is so profitable
that the steamship line engaged in
it Is willing to fight to retain the
business.
But there can be no monopoly and
no permanent removal of this compe
tion. The ocean Is a free highway
over which the steamers of any -corporation
or any individual can wander
at will. To this fact is due the im
pregnable position of the Pacific coast
ports, in the present rate disturbance.
There are a few commodities origi
nating in lerrttory well inland from
the Atlantic seaboard which can be
shipped westward by rail to better ad
vantage than by water; but on the
great bulk of traffic distributed be
tween the Pacific Ocean and the
Jtocky Mountains the water carrier
will always be the cheapest.
If It shall become apparent that any
permanent damage to Portland's trade
fa to result from the new ruling of
the Interstate Commerce Commission,
it will be necessary for the merchants
of this port, as well as other Coast
ports, to turn all of their business that
can be diverted, to the water-carriers.
An earnest effort should also be made
to secure the passage of a free ship
bill, so that if necessary our mer
chants could buy cheap ships on short
notice, and toy their own erforts thwart
any posssible combination between the
rail and water-carriers. There is
plenty of business in Portland alone
to maintain a regular line of steamers
between the two coasts; ' and, if the
lines already in operation do not make
satisfactory rates, the merchants would
then be in a position to force matters.
ASSEMBLY AID TO PRIMARIES.
Colonel Roosevelt, Governor Hughes
and President Taft regard party as
sembly as a necessary auxiliary of di
rect primaries. The Cobb direct pri
mary bill, which they urged the New
York Legislature to enact, provided
that party committees should "desig
nate" candidates for nomination in
primaries, that conventions should
nominate party candidates in certain
restricted cases and should choose
delegates to National conventions, and
that the petition method of naming
candidates for nomination should be
employed along with the committee
deirignation method.
Here then were all the essential de
tails of Oregon's plan of assembly rec
ommendation and primary nomina
tion. The primaries in New York were
not to be an Instrument of minority
factionalism and party disruption. The
Cobb bill recognized necessity of party
organization, of party assembly and
convention and of committee direction.
In Oregon this plan has been scored
by demagogue beneficiaries of disor
ganized party, as a scheme of boss and
machine. Yet it is commended by the
greatest anti-boss authorities of the
Nation. They say leadership in party
must be safeguarded and advice and
recommendation of influential men in
party continued. This idea was clear
ly expressed by Governor Hughes in
his message to the Legislature at the
opening of the special session, as fol
lows: I believe that opportunity should be pro
vided to those who have been chosen to
represent the party to make their recom
mendations and thus to secure to the party
the advantage of their confidence, and open
advice.
How absurd the clamor In Oregon
against party assembly! Not only
does that clamor disregard precepts
of common sense, but it ignores const!,
tutions and statutes which guar
antee citizens the right peacefully to
assemble.
The Government of this Nation and
that of each state was started in as
sembly. Its welfare- will be considered
in assembly Just so long as the people
shall enjoy free institutions.
ABSURDITIES OF "CONSERVATION."
The Oregon Legislature, last ses
sion, enacted a law taxing appropria
tors of water power between 25 cents
and $2 per horsepower per annum.
Needless to say, this law has stopped
development of water power. State
officials openly admit it.
The United . States Senate commit
tee on high cost of living cites that
cost of timber products has advanced
40 per cent in ten years. Chief cause
of this advance is the locking up of
Government timber, hundreds of
thousands of acres of it, in accordance
with false theories of reserves.
Residents of Alaska face dull times
and pay $15 for imported coal, while
resources of the territory are held in
non-use by busy Pinchot officials in
defiance of law. So heavily does con
servation weigh on the territory that
both the "regular" and "Insurgent"
conventions at Juneau this week de
nounced coal land withdrawal and
forest reserve excess.
Returning to Oregon, one finds
cheap agricultural land withdrawn by
the Government from settlement and
homeseekers by tens of thousands go
ing to foreign soil instead of coming
here. One also sees a Washington, D.
C. bureau tying up power streams, for
ests and minerals for collection of
tolls by the general Government, while
older states hold their resources in
their own possession and pay no such
tax.
The horsepower tax Jn Oregon, as
imposed by the state government, is at
freak side show of conservation. The
law taxes water power before it has
been created and puts a ban on crea
tion of new power projects.
The people are waking up to realiza
tion of conservation excess. The gen
eral tax laws of this state are ade
quate to cope. with this and other mat
ters for many years to come.
The West needs the kind of conser
vation suited to the needs of its own
people Instead of the fad theories of
New England.
PORTLAND MARITIME COMMERCE. .
One of the principal reasons why
Oregon is the most prospero-. estate
on the Pacific coast can be found in
the shipping statistics printed in The
Oregonian yesterday. In the twelve
months ending Thursday, California
alone bought from Portland dealers
more than 100.000,000 feet of lumber,
nearly 4.000,000 bushels of wheat, and
234,000 barrels of flour, the value of
these staples in round numbers being
about $5,000,000. In other words, for
these three staples alone the Califor
nians paid out to the Oregon ians an
average of about $14,000 per day
throughout the entire year. To Puget
Sound ports there was paid for the
same commodities an average of about
$11,000 per day. Of course our neigh
boring state did not settle all of the
bills in cash, for a partial offset was
made by the shipments to the North
of considerable quantities f fruit and
early vegetables, oil, sugar and so
forth.
These importations, however, were
very much smaller than our exporta
tions to California, and the amount of
disbursements for California account
were nearly equal to those which were
made for wheat, flour and lumber sent
foreign from this port. With the ex
ception of the redwood industry, Cali
fornia has never cut much of a figure
in the lumber business, her exports be
ing Insignificant In comparison with
her imports of this kind. In grain,
however, California two decades ago
was one of the world's most Important
sources of supply, and for more than
thirty years prior to 1900 there was
a never-ending procession of California
wheat cargoes en route to the markets
of the Old World. It may be true that
there was an economic advantage In
this retirement from the grain busi
ness, but the Pacific Northwest can
still find a profit in growing it and for
many years to come will supply the
California trade.
Incidentally, while we are opening
up newfieds in which grain will for
a few years be the principal crop.
there will be a continued encroach
ment on the old fields by the small
farmer, the orchardist and the dairy
man. We may not find a market for
these products in California, tout there
is an ever widening market that can
not be supplied at home. By the.time
we produce a surplus, our development
farther east and in tha North will
supply a market for them. While the
California, as well as the foreign lum
ber shipments, broke all previous rec
ords for the year, the business is in
creasing so rapidly that it is almost a
certainty that the fiscal year just be
ginning will witness proportionately
heavy Increases. Oregon is rich and
prosperous, because she produces on a
magnificent scale many great staples
for which there is always a demand
at high prices. Our production is so
far In excess of our consumption, or
of any demands that may be made at
home, that a heavy balance of trade
at home Is always in evidence.
THE DANGEROUS HOUSE-KL.Y.
A health car I. e., a car under the
jurisdiction of , the State Board of
Health will be added hereafter to the
farmers' demonstration trains that
tour Oregon at intervals. Among the
important subjects to be dealt with toy
the lecturers on board this car will be
the means whereby the house-fly can
be exterminated from farmers" homes.
It is a task, as everybody knows, . to
keep farmhouses clear of flies. The
pigsty, the milking stall or shed, the
barnyard, are all ideal breeding-places
for these pests. To disinfect these
places so that flies cannot breed in
them is not impossible, but it will re
quire a vigorous campaign '-f cleanli
ness that will last the better part of
each and every year.
For the rest, screens at the doors
and windows of the farmhouse, vigi
lance in teaching children to keep
them closed, care in the disposal of
kitchen slops and vegetable refuse, will
accomplish wonders in decimating the
ranks of the house-fly and-keeping him
from mischief.
Thinking of the old farmhouses,
with unscreened doors and windows,
the open slop barrel within a few feet
of the kitchen door, and every room in
the house swarming with flies, one is
lost in wonder that a child ever grew
to maturity in the country, before this
winged pest became known as the pre
daceous filth distributing, dlcease
breeding monster that sanitary sci
ence has proclaimed him to be. One
thing is certain, however. No civil
ized, half-civilized or enlightened per
son now drives a swarm of house-flies
off the table and then sits down with
relish for his food.
ON THE WAY TO I.Ira.
The Paris correspondent of the New
York Evening Post announces that a
great discovery in physico-chemlstry
has Just been announced to the Acad
emy of Sciences. It was made by Dan
iel Berthelot, son of the great Berthe
lot who became famous as a chemist
in the last century. Berthelot the elder
succeeded before he died in making a
number of organic products by chem
ical means.
Organic products, as everybody un
derstands, are those which result from
the operation of the life process. In
reproducing them Berthelot employed
pure chemical reactions such as that
by which water is obtained from
hydrogen and oxygen. He never suc
ceeded . in imitating the method by
which life itself obtains these com
pounds, so that his results were mere
ly curious. They had but slight philo
sophical ' significance. Now his son
Daniel Berthelot has made a long
stride ahead of him. The young sa
vant has prepared these organic prod
ucts by a process which is precisely
j like that which life itself makes use
from atmospheric air by. means of
radiant energy without the aid of any
chemical reactions.
This Is Identically the same thing
which a living plant does with the
chlorophyll in its leaves. The vital
function of chlorophyll, the green leaf
cells, is to seize the carbon, hydrogen
and so forth from the air and work
them over into organic compounds.
The process is carried on not by chem
ical reactions, but by means of the
ultra violet rays In sunlight. It is
purely' physical. What Bethelot has
done is to imitate the work of the
chlorophyll in his laboratory, only he
gets his ultra-vioiet rays from a mer
cury vapor lamp Instead of from the
sun. He has carried his victory to the
point of producing the substance which
is the basis "of albumen. Now albumen,
as the reader knows, is the basis of all
living creatures, so that Berthelot is'
tout one step, apparently, from the
manufacture of protoplasm. After
that he may possibly make a living
animalcule and falsify the maxim that
omne vivum comes ex vivo.
We shall see what we shall see, but
it is well to warn everybody that
Berthelot is the last person in the
world to make the absurd claim that
he has created life as yet.
AS TO BOUEN'S CRIME.
The reflective reader will no doubt
discern three causes which contributed
to inspire S. T. Bolen to shoot his di
vorced wife and then commit suicide.
The first was that sentimental roman
ticism which in every foolish novel
and idiotic play makes it the duty of
a "wronged" husband to do the most
foolish thing he can think of. This
entire body of literature scouts the
Idea that a man who has been slighted
by his wife in any way ought to be
rational about the matter. Nay in
deed. He must rave. He must tear
his hair and kill everybody in sight,
ending, of course, with self-murder.
This is the only conduct the Laura
Jean Libby code tolerates. The man
who takes misfortune of this sort
coolly and seeks to make the -best of
a bad affair is cowardly. He is a base
cad. He has no sense of honor. He
is eternally disgraced. Few of us real
ize how deeply this idea of conduct
has been wrought into the popular
mind until some such affair as that
at a Portland restaurant occurs, and
then we wonder why a man should
be as foolish as Bolen was.
The second cause of Bolen's dread
ful act was the current doctrine of the
"unwritten law" which is taughi from
so many pulpits and upheld so often
by leading lawyers in the courtroom.
According to this code any person who
fancies his family rights have been In
vaded Is permitted to take a gun in
hand and sally forth to avenge him
self. The more people he kills the
more gloriously he has done his duty.
If he sheds blood enough to swim
around in. It simply shows that he was
filled with a lofty sense of his prerog
atives under the unwritten law. If
Bolen had not shot himself we should
have been treated to the spectacle of
some lawyer maintaining before a Jury
that he had done perfectly right in I
shooting his wife and there are preach
ers in Portland who would have laud
ed his crime. At any rate they have
lauded similar crimes before this.
The third cause of Bolen's deed is
the lingering feeling among men that
their wives are their personal proper
ty. A woman who obtains a divorce
steals herself from her lawful owner
precisely like a slave who runs away.
In pursuing his divorced wife, with a
gun Bolen was merely seeking to re
cover his fleeing property, precisely as
a farmer pursues a runaway cow. It
will be apparent, therefore, that so
ciety .has much to overcome before
murders of the Bolen sort are likely
to cease.
When wheat king Patten retires and
the rich farmers enter the wheat pit,
as was reported In news dispatches
this week, it does not require a very
Intricate knowledge of speculation and
gambling to forecast the result. Since
the Dakota farmers invaded the Min
neapolis market and bought vas quan
tities of wheat last week, the price has
declined about 5 cents per bushel and
is still weakening. One of the prin
cipal reasons why the farmer usually
loses, while speculators of the Patten
type win, is that the farmer almost
invariably buys, while most of the pro
fessslonal traders take kindly to the
short side of the market and sell. The
crop scare in varying degrees of seri
ousness appears every year, and is
always an excellent pretext for start
ing a bull market that usually carries
prices to a higher level than condi
tions warrant. It is then that the short
seller with the long memory begins
operations, which as a rule yield better
returns than those which are garnered
from the bull side of the market.
Railroad surveyors arerep6rted to
be working along the coast between
Siletz Bay and Yaquina Bay, and a
few weeks ago a party was reported
running lines between Yaquina Bay
and Tillamook. Some day a railroad
will be built along the coast, and it
will be well patronized. In the begin
ning, after its completion, its chief
revenue will toe derived from hauling
lumber out of the wonderful forests
that fringe the ocean for almost the
entire distance along the Oregon coast.
Eventually there will .be a tourist
travel that will reach astonishing pro
portions, for there are few if any
more wildly'b'eautiful views of scenery
than those which make a trip along
the coast a never-ending surprise. The
line, of course, would be incomplete
until it continued north from Tilla
mook past the famous Necarnie Moun
tain, Humbug Point, Arch. Cape, Smug
glers Cove, Haystack Rock, Tillamook
Head and others.
The American citizen is almost con
tinually being reminded of how much
better some things are done over in
Canada than on this side of the line.
In the way of land laws and develop
ment of the country there is of course
some advantage in being a Canadian,
but in the matter of controlling forest
fires they do not seem to have much
advantage over the Americans. For
est fires in the Rainy River district of
Ontario have already destroyed tim
ber and other property valued at many
millions, and the fires are still raging.
Systematic organlaztion and a care
ful patrol system which is rigidly fol
lowed during the dry season have quite
materially reduced the loss by forest
fires in this country. As the timber
Increases in value, still greater vigi
lance will be exercised.
The food-consuming capacity of
New York is indicated in the state
ment that one-fifth of the products of
all the farms in the United States are
consumed annually in that city. The
value of these products in figures ag
gregates $1,745,000,000 a year. Yet
this Is the city wherein, according to
the estimate of school Inspectors, a few
years ago, thousands of eluldren went
breakfastless to school.
Disregarding the wishes of some of
the residents of Mount Tabor district,
to hold back work on the new school
house to take advantage of a techni
cality, there should be nothing of the
kind. It will be wrong to send chil
dren again to the old building, which
is nothing but a firetrap, taken over
when District No. 5 was annexed to
No. 1.
George Hart did not intend to "raise
hades" to use the colloquial term
when he shot a .22 bullet into a ware
house at Boulder, Mont., Thursday
evening, but the town concluded he
did, for the missile hit a lot of dyna
mite, and in the consequent ruction
Hart ascended and descended accord
lnc to Hoyle.
There are some people, like the
muckrakers, who would have been a
lot happier if Colonel Roosevelt had
rushed at the President and given him
a few shorts-arm jolts and an upper
cut or two, but that is not what hap
pened. Old friends do not fight be
cause mischief-makers want them to.
Hereafter, a news dispatch says, the
price of a meal at Haines will be 35
cents. This is the direct effect of the
high cost of living. Haines is a thriv
ing town in Baker County, and a daily
feature of-the menu is three kinds of
meat ham, pork and bacon.
The home of the "rubberneck" has
at last been located at Mineola. near
New York, where one of the Vander
bilt women rode in an aeroplane
Thursday and where, the dispatch
says, "the flight was cut short because
the spectators got in the way."
Two elephants chained together
chasing a bakery wagon through the
streets of Greeley, Colo., are a testi
monial to the hilarity produced by a
rarified atmosphere, for Greeley has
always been "dry."
The fact that a Portland -roman has
the measles at the age of 66 is another
point in favor of the desirability of
living here, for many can escape the
affliction of dying before attaining
that age.
Livestock handled at the North
Portland yards the first half of this
year was of a value of $4,500,000. This
is but the beginning of the industry.""
It Is proper to cut out fireworks on
the Fourth, when most of the stuff has
to be imported. What fools we must
be in the estimation of the heathen.
The new German warship carries
twelve twelve-inch guns. Those fig
ures represent a gross, and that's what
she is.
A Minnesota man is "wanted" in
Oregon. This state wants lots of Min
nesota men, but not for grand larceny.
PRAISE FOR ASSEMBLY IN POLK.
No Slate, No Frame-Up, No Bona and
No Machine.
Dallas Observer.
No more enthusiastic, harmonious and
representative gathering of Republicans
was ever held in Polk County than that
of last Saturday, when delegates repre
senting 19 of the 20 precincts in the county
met In Dallas In response to the recent
call for a Republican assembly.
Neither in the precinct primaries on
Wednesday nor in the assembly on Sat
urday was there anything even resem
bling a "slato" or "frame-up." No at
tempt was made to influence any voter
In favor of any. man, or set of men. Fac
tional differences were ignored as com
pletely as if they had never existed.
Contrary to the doleful predictions
made by opponents of the assembly plan
in the state, no attack was made on the
primary law, either in the resolutions
adopted by the assembly or by any
speaker taking part In the meeting.
Each precinct delegation was permitted
to select its own delegates to the State
Assembly, and these selections were rati
fied by the assembly without 'a dissenting
vote.
No attempt was made in any quarter
to influence a delegate to vote against
his wishes for any candidate, and It is a
fact worthy of note that the ticket rec
ommended by the assembly 4s composed
of men who have never held a public
office in Polk County or men who have
never had the charge of "political boss
ism" laid at their door.
The assembly was composed of the best
citizens of Polk County farmers, stock
raisers, merchants, professional men
men engaged In all worthy lines of com
mercial and industrial endeavor.
For the ticket Itself, it can be said that
a cleaner and more capable lot of men
were never placed before the voters of
the county. Not one word of unfavorable
criticism can be rightfully urged against
a single candidate recommended by this
assembly for nomlnaton at the Septem
ber primary. Commencing at the head
of the ticket, let us consider for a mo
ment the qualifications of the men rec
ommended for office.
As a result of this meeting, the people
of Polk County know where the Repub
lican party stands on questions affecting
their interests. They know that every
candidate recommended by this assembly
stands committed to the principles set
forth in its platform. The people have
seen that no attack was made on the
direct primary law, and that no attempt
was made to place the county under boss
rule. They have seen it demonstrated
that the members of a political party
can come together under the direct pri
mary Jaw, and without attempting to set
aside or nullify a single provision of
that law, can work together honestly,
harmoniously and conscientiously to pre
serve party organization and party In
tegrity and to aid -in securing worthy
and capable men for positions of public
trust.
With the senseless hue and cry that
Is being raised against the assembly by
selfish and designing interests in Oregon,
it is only to be regretted that every voter
In the state could not have been present
at the Republican meeting held in Polk
County to see for themselves how utterly
false and unworthy are the arguments
that are being urged against the assem
bly plan.
HELEN TAFT NOW IN SOCIETY
President's Daughter No Longer Ac
counted a Schoolgirl.
Washington Cor. New York World.
During Miss Helen Taft's last visit to
Washington her friends became sudden
ly aware that the President's 19-year-old
daughter is really grown and is no
longer accounted as a school girl. Miss
Taft wore her first decollete frock1
when she presided at the dinner the
President gave for the visiting Japan
ese Prince and charmed the guests by
the graceful tase with which she bore
herself on that occasion.
The rumor that Miss Taft will spend
the social season at the White House
instead of returning to Bryn Mawr is
gaining credence in Washington and so
ciety is looking forward eagerly to such
an acquisition to its ranks.
On her last visit home, just before
the White. House family left for Bev
erly, Miss Taft was several times seen
taking horseback rides around Wash
ington. Although not athletic In her
tastes, she is a good rider, having first
grown used to a saddle In her child
hood days In the Philippines, when she
and Miss Marjorle Aleshlre were to be
seen riding around Manila on the backs
of the little native ponies.
Miss Taft is rapidly realizing the
promise she gave of becoming an un
usually handsome woman. Her color
ing is beautifully fresh and her biond
hair sets it off strikingly. Miss Taft is
fond of the shade of pale blue, which
only those of perfect complexion can
wear, and she looks her best in it.
An Acknowledgement Party.
Atchison Globe.
A sad-eyed woman, wearing clothes
that were wedding finery four years
ago and shoes that are misfits because
they were cheaper, has sent out invita
tions to her best friends and relatives
to an acknowledgment party. There
are those to whom life' has been one
glad, sweet song -who don't know what
an acknowledgment party Is, and they
should shake hands with themselves
because of the happy ignorance. When
the guests come to this party their
hostess will say as she greets each
one: "I wish to acknowledge that you
were right and I was wrong; he is
worthless, as you said, and I made a
mistake in marrying him." In the
books a woman in such a plight will
close her lips in determination, throw
her head In the air and try to look
like a triumphant procession returning
with the trophies of victory, but this
woman knows that any effort to make
others believe that the old cracked
jelly glass she drew is a cut-glass
tumbler is. futile. Hence the acknowl
edgment party.
Useful Hints for Anglers.
Boston Transcript. .
A bookworm does not make good bait
for trout fishing.
The red spots on a trout do not indi
cate scarlet fever or the measles, as some
suppose.
The angler Is like the actor in one
respect, he must not forget his lines.
Like many humans, the trout that
keeps his mouth shut saves himself lots
of trouble.
Birds are often brought down on the
wing: trout are frequently brought up
on the fly.
Trout may or may not make brains,
but they certainly make liars.
We 'prefer, however, having our trout
stories overdrawn rather than our bank
account. x
If you hook a trout you will pull it In;
If you hook anything else you are apt
to get pulled In yourself.
That Is all we know about trout.
Membership Doubled.
Pittsburg Gazette-Times.
An English navat expert says war be
tween the United States and Japan is a
certainty. So the Society for the Pro
motion of War now has two members.
Hobson Is the other one.
Doctors Generally Disagree.
New Orleans Times-Democrat.
Now that they both received select
assortments of honorary degrees, Dr.
Taft and Dr. Roosevelt may safely pro
ceed to a diagnosis of the Republican
party's ailments.
WANTS , NORMAL MACniNE END
Southern Oregon Editor Says One Good
School Ts Knough.
Grants Pass Observer.
An initiative petition for the re
establishment of the Ashland Normal
School was circulated in Grants Pass
last week, and obtained signatures, as
all petitions do. Besides the four
schools that were closed down, as
worthless, by the Legislature two years
ago, there are three or four other towns
desirous of securing normals by ini
tiative. There seems to be an impres
sion that the people will approve any
thing in the way of Initiative, and
there is some ground for the impres
sion In view of initiative measures that
have heretofore been approved.
This paper believes in one normal
pchool, well equipped and conveniently
located. Such a school can accomplish
more for the public In one year than
the four accomplished during their en
tire existence, and the cost would be
much less.
If the normal schools and their back
ers, the members of the Legislature
from the four school counties, had had
common honesty the schools would still
be in existence. These schools clubbed
together to rob the state treasury.
Every session it was the same story.
They corrupted the Legislature. They
traded their bunch of votes with any
member who had a proposition and
would agree to vote with them. They
even threatened to balk legislation if
the Legislature would not grant their
extravagant and wasteful demands.
They were more pernicious than the
"machine," and will be so again if the
people mistakenly place them In posi
tion to reconstruct their methods.
These schools were of no particular
benefit to the state. They were' only
squanderers of public money. There
are very few teachers in Oregon who
were trained by these imbecile Institu
tions. Oregon for years has been get
ting teachers from the East. There is
a whole band of Eastern teachers In the
Grants Pass schools, and they were em
ployed because home teachers could
not be had.
It seems to the Observer to be the
clear duty of every voter to vote
against every normal school bill that
comes up under Initiative next Novem
ber. The voter who does not do that
Is not honest to himself or to the peo
ple, for the plain reason that it Is im
possible for the average voter to be
properly informed of the merits of these
measures. The business of providing
needed education belongs legitimately
to the Legislature, which is a deliber
ate body and does not bolt laws without
consideration and necessary amend
ment. It Is said that people who circulate
these petitions are paid 10 cents a name.
That has all the quality of corruption,
and is only different in degree from
the action of a man who may hire a
friend to buy votes for him at $10 each.
"DIRECT" GOVERNMENT FALLACY.
The One Safeguard of Democracy la
the Representative System.
Aberdeen World.
"The great Issue before the Ameri
can people," says Senator Jonathan
Bourne, of Oregon, "will be popular
government against delegated govern
ment." Then there will be no Issue,
for popular government can not be
possible except through delegated au
thority. How else? Popular govern
ment, as contrasted with delegated
government. Is absurd. If it means any
thing, it means that popular govern
ment is to be construed in terms of
individual government, which is an
archy. Mr. Bourne Is himself a repre
sentative with delegated powers.
Mr. Bourne goes on to attempt to
explain that his definition of popular
government is "direct accountability
of all public servants to party and
l general electorates rather than to Ir
responsible political machines." It is
an explanation that does not explain.
It means nothing. "Irresponsible po
litical machines" exist only because the
people permit them to exist. They will
vanish as the morning mists whenever
the people want them to vanish.
There can be no issue on that point.
"Machines" are the outgrowth of party
and of Indifference within the party.
The term, besides, is vague and Indefi
nite. If by it Mr. Bourne means or
ganization, then he does not know the
essentials of party or of his own gov
ernment. Party can not exist without
organization. It will end In futility.
It cannot end otherwise. Party exists
to accomplish something. It can ac
complish nothing by mere fulminatlons
and grandiose phrases. It must act.
To act It must be placed In authority.
It cannot gain authority without or
ganization. The condition of the Re
publican party In Oregon ought to be
sufficient for Mr. Bourne. Public serv
ants there are accountable to nothing
but the whimsies of factional strife and
the willingness of the minority to for
swear allegiance to fts own party In
order to work havoc in the ranks of
the opposition.
Mr. Roosevelt does not need Mr.
Bourne's advice for his future. Mr.
Roosevelt has some knowledge of the
political game and some insight Into
Issues himself. He never conceived
anything quite so absurd as a quarrel
between popular government and its
only possible agent, government by
delegated authority.
Sneeze Sets Broken Bone.
Hartford Cor. New York Press.
Patrolman Charles Schiller, whose
right cheek bone was broken by a
baseball In Riverside Park two weeks
ago, was to have undergone an opera
tion this morning. Before the doctors
got there, however, the policeman per
formed an unexpected surgical opera
tion on himself.
His face pained him a good deal, and
he sent one of his sons to a drug store
to get a patent salve, but accidentally
got some of It to his nose, and it
caused him to sneeze violently several
times. The last time he sneezed he felt
a sharp pain in his face, and when the
doctors got to his house ready to ope
rate they found the sneeze had taken
their job from them, and the bone had
snapped back into place.
A Critic and a Doer.
Philadelphia Press.
While Alton B. Parker, a. gentleman
who was once hoaxed Into the belief
that he was running for President of
the United States, was criticising Presi
dent Taft. the Chief Magistrate of the
United States was attaching the Execu
tive approval to the greatest bunch of
Important legislation ever procured by
a President in the closing days of a
session of Congress.
Cocktails and the Civil War.
Idaho Statesman.
There is a dispute about the Inven
tion of the cocktail. New claimant de
clares he originated the seductive
drink in 1S60. Notice that is about
the time the late unpleasantness
started. Any connection? Given enough
cocktails, and most anything ls liable
to start.
Depending on the State of Trade.
Kansas City Star.
A man took a prescription to an
Atchison druggist the other day' and
asked what the price would be for fill
ing it. "If business is pretty good
within the next half hour it will be
85 cents, but if business Is rotten I
may have to charge 50 cents," replied
the druggist.
Busy Season Expected.
Indianapolis News.
The Oyster Bay rumor foundry is
looking forward to one of the busiest
seasons At has ever experienced.
LIFE'S SUNNY SIDE
Kirk La Shells met an actor and noticed
that he was wearing a mourning band on
his arm.
"it's for my father," the actor ex
plained. "I've just come from his fu
neral." La Shelle expressed his sympathy. The
actor's grief was obviously very real and
great. "I attended to all the funeral ar
rangements," he said. "We had every
thing just as father would have liked it."
"Were there many there?" asked La
Shelle.
"Many there!" cried the actor, with
pride. "Why. my boy. we turned 'em
away!" Minneapolis Journal.
mm
"Rita" so Mrs. Desmond Humphries,
the English novelist, is called was con
demning in New York the frequency of
divorce in America.
"You Americans," she said, "don't seem
to possess the secret the secret, I mean,
of matrimonial happiness. Perhaps you
might take a lesson from a city clerk I
heard of recently.
"A friend of his, after visiting him at
hi3 home, said:
" 'Excuse me. Will, but how do you
mariagp, on your small salary, to have
such well-cooked and delicious meals?'
" 'The secret is simple.' Will replied.
'Every day I kiss the cook and do all
I can to please her and make her happy.'
. " "But doosn't your wife object?" the
other asked.
" 'Dear, no! she's the cook, was the
reply." Washington Star.
At one of the hotels In Washington
several members of Congress made them
selves conspicuous by calling to one
another across the table, 'Will the gen
tleman from Maine pass me the butter?"
"Will the gentleman from pass me
the salt?" etc., etc. There was a gentle
man present who was exceedingly an
noyed by their conversation, and, turn
ing to the waiter at the back of bis chair,
he politely requested. "Will the gentle
man from Africa pass me the butter?"
Judge.
Night was approaching and the rain
was coming down faster and faster. The
traveler dismounted from his horse and
rapped at the door of the one farm
house he had struck in a five-mile stretch
of traveling. No one came to the door.
As he stood on the doorstep the water
from the eaves trickled down his collar.
He rapped again. Still no answer. He
could feel the stream of water coursing
down his back. Another spell of pound
ing, and finally the red head of a lad of
12 was stuck out of the second story.
"Watcher want?" it asked.
"I want to know If I can stay here
over night," the traveler answered tes
tily. The red-headed lad watched the man
for a minute or two before answering.
"Ye kin fer all of me," he finally an
swered, and then closed the window. Lip
plncott's. William B. Ridgely, ex-Controller of the
Currency, said of a certain speculator
recently:
"The man Is as Ingenious as a horse
trader's son, who once unexpectedly,
called upon his father to mount a horse
and exhibit its paces.
"As he mounted he leaned toward his
father and said:
"Are you buying or selling?" Success
Magazine.
Cold Water Without Ice,
Suburban Life.
Ice is not a necessity in order to se
cure cool water, for water can be made
sufficiently cool for drinking purposes
by putting it In a bottle or jug and
wrapping a woolen rag around the lat
ter, then setting it in a shallow dish of
water and placing the whole outfit in
a cool place: if in a draft, all the bet
ter. The principle Involved is found
in the fact that when evaporation
takes place heat is given off. Th
woolen rag absorbs the water from
the dish below, which is evaporated
from the rag. cooling the water. If
you have ever bad alcohol or ether
on .your hands, you will no doubt have
noticed how cool the skin felt. This
was because of the evaporation of the
liquid. The faster it evaporates the
cooler the object gets.
King George's BJffut-hand Man.
London Chronicle.
Lord Knollys, who, after serving the
late King for 40 years, has been ap
pointed private secretary to King
George, comes of a singularly long
lived race. His father served as con
troller of the Prince of Wales' house
hold until his SOth year, and lived for
six years after his retirement, and
his grandfather likewise attained a
great age. His ancestor, William
Knollys, who also served in the house
hold of two monarchs, Elizabeth and
James I, died at the age of 85, and, ac
cording to Dugdale, "rode a hawking
and hunting within half a year of his
death." Sir Francis Knollys, the dis
tinguished statesman who founded the
family fortune, was 82 at the time of
his death.
Who Invented the pneumatic Tire f
New York Press.
Edinburgh is going to put up a
broze statue to the inventor of the
pneumatic tire, but Edinburgh is not
certain whether It was Thompson, who
took out a patent in 1845 for affixing
a belt filled with compressed" air to
the rim of a carriage wheel, or whether
It was a veterinary. Dr. Danlop, who.
In 1888. helped out his kids riding on
the rough stones of Belfast by rigging
up a crude set of pneumatic tires for
his tricycle. Thompson never did a
thing with his patent, nor would have
pottering Dr. Dunlop.
One Shrinking Terror.
Hartford Courant.
At one of the Yale class reunions this
week a clergyman with 40 years (more
or less) of experience in the world told
his listening friends that his conclusion
of the whole matter was that hell ls not
now anything like so big as it was when
he entered the ministry and he thought
it was still shrinking. This is suggestive,
not to say cheering.
News and Comment
From the Ringside
Among' its other features, The
Sunday Oregonian tomorrow will
contain telegraphic letters from
REX BEACH,
JACK LONDON, .
JACK GRANT,
HARRY B. SMITH,
and Associated Press correspond
ents, together with the very latest
pictures connected with the
world 's heavyweight champion
ship fight. A great variety of
other interesting matter, includ
ing fresh gossip and news, will
also be printed.
On Tuesday, July 5, The Ore
gonian will publish probably the
Best and Fullest
accounts of the contest of any
paper in the Western half of the
United States. With such compe
tent writers, our readers need ex
pect nothing less.