lO TIIE MORNING ORE GO XI AN , SATURDAY, JULY 2, 1910. PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland, Oregon, Postofflee as Fecond-Class Matter. Subscription Rates Invariably In Advance. (BT MAIL,). Daily. Sunday Included, one year. ?!?2 Jally. Sunday Included, six monim . j j J-aly, Sunday Included, tnree moiiina. Ially, Sunday Included, one month. . . Daily, without Sunday, one year Dally, without Sunday, six months Dally, without Sunday, three months. . pally, without Sunday, one month Weekly, one year Bunday, one year Eunday and weekly, one year,. - 2.25 .75 6.00 3.25 1.75 .60 1.50 2.50 3.50 (By Carrier). Daily, Sunday Included, one year 9.Q0 Daily. Sunday Included, one month-... -To How to Remit Send Postofflee money or fler, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. Give Postofflee address in Full, including county and state. Postage Kates 10 to 14 pages. 1 cent: 16 lo 2K pastes. 2 cents; 30 to 40 pages, 3 cents; iO to o pages. 4 cents. Foreign postage Double' rate. Eastern Business Office The S. C Beck with Special Agency New York, rooms 48 B0 Tribune building. Chicago, rooms 510 M2 Tribune building. "OKTLANI, SATURDAY, JULY" S, 1910. I VICES OF "DIRECT" LEGISLATION. People of Oregon adopted initiative end referendum as an emergency method of legislation. They never Bupposed fadisms, selfish designs and Innovating fakismr, -would find in it yt3rv srsirt f mm 1hf checks Of reD- ' . recentative legislation. Nor did they foresee that it would be urged as sub stitute for Legislature, and that its champions would now be preaching decline of the history-vindicated method of representative constitu tional government. The "system" in this state has been carried to an effort to substitute a. democracy without constitutional limitations or representative institu tions. Its champions are ignorant of the fact that constitutional and rep resentative government is the safe guard of democracy; without it, de mocracy everywhere has failed. The founders of the Government in the constitutional convention of 1787 un derstood this matter. They established e. republican form of government, !whlch they defined as one of constitu tional and representative limitations. History of democracy and despotism , made such scheme as "direct" popular lawmaking abhorrent. They allowed restricted referendum and subsequent events have vindicated their wisdom but they repudiated the initiative. The initiative and referendum in Oregon should be taken out of the reach of common use. More than thirty measures vill be submitted to voters next November for "enact ment." These bills, in each case, are beyond the comprehension of the aver age voter, because, if not deficient in intelligence, he lacks information of details. None of the bills is needed as 3aw. The people will be better oft fwithout all of them. They serve local schemes, fad designs and selfish ob jects. They should be considered, if Bt all, by a legislative body that can study every detail and amend and modify them to copform with the gen eral interest. " The initiative and referendum was Intended by the people of this state as a means of correcting omissions of the Legislature. Instead of that, the ap peal is now to the Legislature to cure vices of initiative and referendum. Mr. ITRen and his element, however, Is so satisfied that he declares the peo ple are dispensing with legislative as semblies. This, then, is the fruitage of the "Oregon system." But the sys tem will not be permitted to spread to further Impairment of representa tive, constitutional government. The people are beginning to call a halt and to demand that initiative and ref erendum be reserved as a supplement to assembly legislation and be made a Substitute. PORTLAND JOBBERS SECT" RE. The American-Hawaiian Steamship Company has been carrying freight from the Atlantic coast to Pacific ports at a maximum rate which is 60 per cent of the rail rate for the same service. Being unhampered by the regulations which the Interstate Com merce Commission insists that the rail roads must obey, the steamship com pany frequently cuts this rate as much as 30 per cent of the rail haul. With an admirable transfer service across the isthmus of Tehuantepec, the steamship line is enabled to deliver freight at Pacific Coast terminals in less than 30 days after it leaves the East, thus making practically the same time that is made by the average run of freight reaching here by rail. The American-Hawaiian Steamship Com pany is a close corporation and does not take the public into its confidence ' regarding its profits. It is known, however, that from a meager begin ning, with two small steamers, the line has within a few years developed Into a great concern operating about twenty mammoth freighters, with sev eral more under construction. If there has ever been any misgiving lest the low rates charged were in sufficient to warrant the service, It will be dissipated by the news that the company will not only increase its Tehuantepec service, but will also op crate steamers by way of the straits of Magellan In opposition to the newly-established Bates Cheesebor ough line. The Bates line has been making a $7 rate between San Fran cisco and New York, compared with the $9 rate of the American-Hawaiian Jine, and the latter, following the longer route of the Bates line steam ers, has cut the rate to $5.5(5 and $6 per ton. The Bates & Cheeseborough people assert that the reappearance of the American-Hawaiian line steamers on the route through the Straits of Magellan is exclusively for the pur pose of driving the new line off the ocean. Whether this be true or not, one point is made plain: that is, that the business of transporting freight be tween the Atlantic and Pacific sea boards at a rate that is but 60 per cent of the rail rate Is so profitable that the steamship line engaged in it Is willing to fight to retain the business. But there can be no monopoly and no permanent removal of this compe tion. The ocean Is a free highway over which the steamers of any -corporation or any individual can wander at will. To this fact is due the im pregnable position of the Pacific coast ports, in the present rate disturbance. There are a few commodities origi nating in lerrttory well inland from the Atlantic seaboard which can be shipped westward by rail to better ad vantage than by water; but on the great bulk of traffic distributed be tween the Pacific Ocean and the Jtocky Mountains the water carrier will always be the cheapest. If It shall become apparent that any permanent damage to Portland's trade fa to result from the new ruling of the Interstate Commerce Commission, it will be necessary for the merchants of this port, as well as other Coast ports, to turn all of their business that can be diverted, to the water-carriers. An earnest effort should also be made to secure the passage of a free ship bill, so that if necessary our mer chants could buy cheap ships on short notice, and toy their own erforts thwart any posssible combination between the rail and water-carriers. There is plenty of business in Portland alone to maintain a regular line of steamers between the two coasts; ' and, if the lines already in operation do not make satisfactory rates, the merchants would then be in a position to force matters. ASSEMBLY AID TO PRIMARIES. Colonel Roosevelt, Governor Hughes and President Taft regard party as sembly as a necessary auxiliary of di rect primaries. The Cobb direct pri mary bill, which they urged the New York Legislature to enact, provided that party committees should "desig nate" candidates for nomination in primaries, that conventions should nominate party candidates in certain restricted cases and should choose delegates to National conventions, and that the petition method of naming candidates for nomination should be employed along with the committee deirignation method. Here then were all the essential de tails of Oregon's plan of assembly rec ommendation and primary nomina tion. The primaries in New York were not to be an Instrument of minority factionalism and party disruption. The Cobb bill recognized necessity of party organization, of party assembly and convention and of committee direction. In Oregon this plan has been scored by demagogue beneficiaries of disor ganized party, as a scheme of boss and machine. Yet it is commended by the greatest anti-boss authorities of the Nation. They say leadership in party must be safeguarded and advice and recommendation of influential men in party continued. This idea was clear ly expressed by Governor Hughes in his message to the Legislature at the opening of the special session, as fol lows: I believe that opportunity should be pro vided to those who have been chosen to represent the party to make their recom mendations and thus to secure to the party the advantage of their confidence, and open advice. How absurd the clamor In Oregon against party assembly! Not only does that clamor disregard precepts of common sense, but it ignores const!, tutions and statutes which guar antee citizens the right peacefully to assemble. The Government of this Nation and that of each state was started in as sembly. Its welfare- will be considered in assembly Just so long as the people shall enjoy free institutions. ABSURDITIES OF "CONSERVATION." The Oregon Legislature, last ses sion, enacted a law taxing appropria tors of water power between 25 cents and $2 per horsepower per annum. Needless to say, this law has stopped development of water power. State officials openly admit it. The United . States Senate commit tee on high cost of living cites that cost of timber products has advanced 40 per cent in ten years. Chief cause of this advance is the locking up of Government timber, hundreds of thousands of acres of it, in accordance with false theories of reserves. Residents of Alaska face dull times and pay $15 for imported coal, while resources of the territory are held in non-use by busy Pinchot officials in defiance of law. So heavily does con servation weigh on the territory that both the "regular" and "Insurgent" conventions at Juneau this week de nounced coal land withdrawal and forest reserve excess. Returning to Oregon, one finds cheap agricultural land withdrawn by the Government from settlement and homeseekers by tens of thousands go ing to foreign soil instead of coming here. One also sees a Washington, D. C. bureau tying up power streams, for ests and minerals for collection of tolls by the general Government, while older states hold their resources in their own possession and pay no such tax. The horsepower tax Jn Oregon, as imposed by the state government, is at freak side show of conservation. The law taxes water power before it has been created and puts a ban on crea tion of new power projects. The people are waking up to realiza tion of conservation excess. The gen eral tax laws of this state are ade quate to cope. with this and other mat ters for many years to come. The West needs the kind of conser vation suited to the needs of its own people Instead of the fad theories of New England. PORTLAND MARITIME COMMERCE. . One of the principal reasons why Oregon is the most prospero-. estate on the Pacific coast can be found in the shipping statistics printed in The Oregonian yesterday. In the twelve months ending Thursday, California alone bought from Portland dealers more than 100.000,000 feet of lumber, nearly 4.000,000 bushels of wheat, and 234,000 barrels of flour, the value of these staples in round numbers being about $5,000,000. In other words, for these three staples alone the Califor nians paid out to the Oregon ians an average of about $14,000 per day throughout the entire year. To Puget Sound ports there was paid for the same commodities an average of about $11,000 per day. Of course our neigh boring state did not settle all of the bills in cash, for a partial offset was made by the shipments to the North of considerable quantities f fruit and early vegetables, oil, sugar and so forth. These importations, however, were very much smaller than our exporta tions to California, and the amount of disbursements for California account were nearly equal to those which were made for wheat, flour and lumber sent foreign from this port. With the ex ception of the redwood industry, Cali fornia has never cut much of a figure in the lumber business, her exports be ing Insignificant In comparison with her imports of this kind. In grain, however, California two decades ago was one of the world's most Important sources of supply, and for more than thirty years prior to 1900 there was a never-ending procession of California wheat cargoes en route to the markets of the Old World. It may be true that there was an economic advantage In this retirement from the grain busi ness, but the Pacific Northwest can still find a profit in growing it and for many years to come will supply the California trade. Incidentally, while we are opening up newfieds in which grain will for a few years be the principal crop. there will be a continued encroach ment on the old fields by the small farmer, the orchardist and the dairy man. We may not find a market for these products in California, tout there is an ever widening market that can not be supplied at home. By the.time we produce a surplus, our development farther east and in tha North will supply a market for them. While the California, as well as the foreign lum ber shipments, broke all previous rec ords for the year, the business is in creasing so rapidly that it is almost a certainty that the fiscal year just be ginning will witness proportionately heavy Increases. Oregon is rich and prosperous, because she produces on a magnificent scale many great staples for which there is always a demand at high prices. Our production is so far In excess of our consumption, or of any demands that may be made at home, that a heavy balance of trade at home Is always in evidence. THE DANGEROUS HOUSE-KL.Y. A health car I. e., a car under the jurisdiction of , the State Board of Health will be added hereafter to the farmers' demonstration trains that tour Oregon at intervals. Among the important subjects to be dealt with toy the lecturers on board this car will be the means whereby the house-fly can be exterminated from farmers" homes. It is a task, as everybody knows, . to keep farmhouses clear of flies. The pigsty, the milking stall or shed, the barnyard, are all ideal breeding-places for these pests. To disinfect these places so that flies cannot breed in them is not impossible, but it will re quire a vigorous campaign '-f cleanli ness that will last the better part of each and every year. For the rest, screens at the doors and windows of the farmhouse, vigi lance in teaching children to keep them closed, care in the disposal of kitchen slops and vegetable refuse, will accomplish wonders in decimating the ranks of the house-fly and-keeping him from mischief. Thinking of the old farmhouses, with unscreened doors and windows, the open slop barrel within a few feet of the kitchen door, and every room in the house swarming with flies, one is lost in wonder that a child ever grew to maturity in the country, before this winged pest became known as the pre daceous filth distributing, dlcease breeding monster that sanitary sci ence has proclaimed him to be. One thing is certain, however. No civil ized, half-civilized or enlightened per son now drives a swarm of house-flies off the table and then sits down with relish for his food. ON THE WAY TO I.Ira. The Paris correspondent of the New York Evening Post announces that a great discovery in physico-chemlstry has Just been announced to the Acad emy of Sciences. It was made by Dan iel Berthelot, son of the great Berthe lot who became famous as a chemist in the last century. Berthelot the elder succeeded before he died in making a number of organic products by chem ical means. Organic products, as everybody un derstands, are those which result from the operation of the life process. In reproducing them Berthelot employed pure chemical reactions such as that by which water is obtained from hydrogen and oxygen. He never suc ceeded . in imitating the method by which life itself obtains these com pounds, so that his results were mere ly curious. They had but slight philo sophical ' significance. Now his son Daniel Berthelot has made a long stride ahead of him. The young sa vant has prepared these organic prod ucts by a process which is precisely j like that which life itself makes use from atmospheric air by. means of radiant energy without the aid of any chemical reactions. This Is Identically the same thing which a living plant does with the chlorophyll in its leaves. The vital function of chlorophyll, the green leaf cells, is to seize the carbon, hydrogen and so forth from the air and work them over into organic compounds. The process is carried on not by chem ical reactions, but by means of the ultra violet rays In sunlight. It is purely' physical. What Bethelot has done is to imitate the work of the chlorophyll in his laboratory, only he gets his ultra-vioiet rays from a mer cury vapor lamp Instead of from the sun. He has carried his victory to the point of producing the substance which is the basis "of albumen. Now albumen, as the reader knows, is the basis of all living creatures, so that Berthelot is' tout one step, apparently, from the manufacture of protoplasm. After that he may possibly make a living animalcule and falsify the maxim that omne vivum comes ex vivo. We shall see what we shall see, but it is well to warn everybody that Berthelot is the last person in the world to make the absurd claim that he has created life as yet. AS TO BOUEN'S CRIME. The reflective reader will no doubt discern three causes which contributed to inspire S. T. Bolen to shoot his di vorced wife and then commit suicide. The first was that sentimental roman ticism which in every foolish novel and idiotic play makes it the duty of a "wronged" husband to do the most foolish thing he can think of. This entire body of literature scouts the Idea that a man who has been slighted by his wife in any way ought to be rational about the matter. Nay in deed. He must rave. He must tear his hair and kill everybody in sight, ending, of course, with self-murder. This is the only conduct the Laura Jean Libby code tolerates. The man who takes misfortune of this sort coolly and seeks to make the -best of a bad affair is cowardly. He is a base cad. He has no sense of honor. He is eternally disgraced. Few of us real ize how deeply this idea of conduct has been wrought into the popular mind until some such affair as that at a Portland restaurant occurs, and then we wonder why a man should be as foolish as Bolen was. The second cause of Bolen's dread ful act was the current doctrine of the "unwritten law" which is taughi from so many pulpits and upheld so often by leading lawyers in the courtroom. According to this code any person who fancies his family rights have been In vaded Is permitted to take a gun in hand and sally forth to avenge him self. The more people he kills the more gloriously he has done his duty. If he sheds blood enough to swim around in. It simply shows that he was filled with a lofty sense of his prerog atives under the unwritten law. If Bolen had not shot himself we should have been treated to the spectacle of some lawyer maintaining before a Jury that he had done perfectly right in I shooting his wife and there are preach ers in Portland who would have laud ed his crime. At any rate they have lauded similar crimes before this. The third cause of Bolen's deed is the lingering feeling among men that their wives are their personal proper ty. A woman who obtains a divorce steals herself from her lawful owner precisely like a slave who runs away. In pursuing his divorced wife, with a gun Bolen was merely seeking to re cover his fleeing property, precisely as a farmer pursues a runaway cow. It will be apparent, therefore, that so ciety .has much to overcome before murders of the Bolen sort are likely to cease. When wheat king Patten retires and the rich farmers enter the wheat pit, as was reported In news dispatches this week, it does not require a very Intricate knowledge of speculation and gambling to forecast the result. Since the Dakota farmers invaded the Min neapolis market and bought vas quan tities of wheat last week, the price has declined about 5 cents per bushel and is still weakening. One of the prin cipal reasons why the farmer usually loses, while speculators of the Patten type win, is that the farmer almost invariably buys, while most of the pro fessslonal traders take kindly to the short side of the market and sell. The crop scare in varying degrees of seri ousness appears every year, and is always an excellent pretext for start ing a bull market that usually carries prices to a higher level than condi tions warrant. It is then that the short seller with the long memory begins operations, which as a rule yield better returns than those which are garnered from the bull side of the market. Railroad surveyors arerep6rted to be working along the coast between Siletz Bay and Yaquina Bay, and a few weeks ago a party was reported running lines between Yaquina Bay and Tillamook. Some day a railroad will be built along the coast, and it will be well patronized. In the begin ning, after its completion, its chief revenue will toe derived from hauling lumber out of the wonderful forests that fringe the ocean for almost the entire distance along the Oregon coast. Eventually there will .be a tourist travel that will reach astonishing pro portions, for there are few if any more wildly'b'eautiful views of scenery than those which make a trip along the coast a never-ending surprise. The line, of course, would be incomplete until it continued north from Tilla mook past the famous Necarnie Moun tain, Humbug Point, Arch. Cape, Smug glers Cove, Haystack Rock, Tillamook Head and others. The American citizen is almost con tinually being reminded of how much better some things are done over in Canada than on this side of the line. In the way of land laws and develop ment of the country there is of course some advantage in being a Canadian, but in the matter of controlling forest fires they do not seem to have much advantage over the Americans. For est fires in the Rainy River district of Ontario have already destroyed tim ber and other property valued at many millions, and the fires are still raging. Systematic organlaztion and a care ful patrol system which is rigidly fol lowed during the dry season have quite materially reduced the loss by forest fires in this country. As the timber Increases in value, still greater vigi lance will be exercised. The food-consuming capacity of New York is indicated in the state ment that one-fifth of the products of all the farms in the United States are consumed annually in that city. The value of these products in figures ag gregates $1,745,000,000 a year. Yet this Is the city wherein, according to the estimate of school Inspectors, a few years ago, thousands of eluldren went breakfastless to school. Disregarding the wishes of some of the residents of Mount Tabor district, to hold back work on the new school house to take advantage of a techni cality, there should be nothing of the kind. It will be wrong to send chil dren again to the old building, which is nothing but a firetrap, taken over when District No. 5 was annexed to No. 1. George Hart did not intend to "raise hades" to use the colloquial term when he shot a .22 bullet into a ware house at Boulder, Mont., Thursday evening, but the town concluded he did, for the missile hit a lot of dyna mite, and in the consequent ruction Hart ascended and descended accord lnc to Hoyle. There are some people, like the muckrakers, who would have been a lot happier if Colonel Roosevelt had rushed at the President and given him a few shorts-arm jolts and an upper cut or two, but that is not what hap pened. Old friends do not fight be cause mischief-makers want them to. Hereafter, a news dispatch says, the price of a meal at Haines will be 35 cents. This is the direct effect of the high cost of living. Haines is a thriv ing town in Baker County, and a daily feature of-the menu is three kinds of meat ham, pork and bacon. The home of the "rubberneck" has at last been located at Mineola. near New York, where one of the Vander bilt women rode in an aeroplane Thursday and where, the dispatch says, "the flight was cut short because the spectators got in the way." Two elephants chained together chasing a bakery wagon through the streets of Greeley, Colo., are a testi monial to the hilarity produced by a rarified atmosphere, for Greeley has always been "dry." The fact that a Portland -roman has the measles at the age of 66 is another point in favor of the desirability of living here, for many can escape the affliction of dying before attaining that age. Livestock handled at the North Portland yards the first half of this year was of a value of $4,500,000. This is but the beginning of the industry."" It Is proper to cut out fireworks on the Fourth, when most of the stuff has to be imported. What fools we must be in the estimation of the heathen. The new German warship carries twelve twelve-inch guns. Those fig ures represent a gross, and that's what she is. A Minnesota man is "wanted" in Oregon. This state wants lots of Min nesota men, but not for grand larceny. PRAISE FOR ASSEMBLY IN POLK. No Slate, No Frame-Up, No Bona and No Machine. Dallas Observer. No more enthusiastic, harmonious and representative gathering of Republicans was ever held in Polk County than that of last Saturday, when delegates repre senting 19 of the 20 precincts in the county met In Dallas In response to the recent call for a Republican assembly. Neither in the precinct primaries on Wednesday nor in the assembly on Sat urday was there anything even resem bling a "slato" or "frame-up." No at tempt was made to influence any voter In favor of any. man, or set of men. Fac tional differences were ignored as com pletely as if they had never existed. Contrary to the doleful predictions made by opponents of the assembly plan in the state, no attack was made on the primary law, either in the resolutions adopted by the assembly or by any speaker taking part In the meeting. Each precinct delegation was permitted to select its own delegates to the State Assembly, and these selections were rati fied by the assembly without 'a dissenting vote. No attempt was made in any quarter to influence a delegate to vote against his wishes for any candidate, and It is a fact worthy of note that the ticket rec ommended by the assembly 4s composed of men who have never held a public office in Polk County or men who have never had the charge of "political boss ism" laid at their door. The assembly was composed of the best citizens of Polk County farmers, stock raisers, merchants, professional men men engaged In all worthy lines of com mercial and industrial endeavor. For the ticket Itself, it can be said that a cleaner and more capable lot of men were never placed before the voters of the county. Not one word of unfavorable criticism can be rightfully urged against a single candidate recommended by this assembly for nomlnaton at the Septem ber primary. Commencing at the head of the ticket, let us consider for a mo ment the qualifications of the men rec ommended for office. As a result of this meeting, the people of Polk County know where the Repub lican party stands on questions affecting their interests. They know that every candidate recommended by this assembly stands committed to the principles set forth in its platform. The people have seen that no attack was made on the direct primary law, and that no attempt was made to place the county under boss rule. They have seen it demonstrated that the members of a political party can come together under the direct pri mary Jaw, and without attempting to set aside or nullify a single provision of that law, can work together honestly, harmoniously and conscientiously to pre serve party organization and party In tegrity and to aid -in securing worthy and capable men for positions of public trust. With the senseless hue and cry that Is being raised against the assembly by selfish and designing interests in Oregon, it is only to be regretted that every voter In the state could not have been present at the Republican meeting held in Polk County to see for themselves how utterly false and unworthy are the arguments that are being urged against the assem bly plan. HELEN TAFT NOW IN SOCIETY President's Daughter No Longer Ac counted a Schoolgirl. Washington Cor. New York World. During Miss Helen Taft's last visit to Washington her friends became sudden ly aware that the President's 19-year-old daughter is really grown and is no longer accounted as a school girl. Miss Taft wore her first decollete frock1 when she presided at the dinner the President gave for the visiting Japan ese Prince and charmed the guests by the graceful tase with which she bore herself on that occasion. The rumor that Miss Taft will spend the social season at the White House instead of returning to Bryn Mawr is gaining credence in Washington and so ciety is looking forward eagerly to such an acquisition to its ranks. On her last visit home, just before the White. House family left for Bev erly, Miss Taft was several times seen taking horseback rides around Wash ington. Although not athletic In her tastes, she is a good rider, having first grown used to a saddle In her child hood days In the Philippines, when she and Miss Marjorle Aleshlre were to be seen riding around Manila on the backs of the little native ponies. Miss Taft is rapidly realizing the promise she gave of becoming an un usually handsome woman. Her color ing is beautifully fresh and her biond hair sets it off strikingly. Miss Taft is fond of the shade of pale blue, which only those of perfect complexion can wear, and she looks her best in it. An Acknowledgement Party. Atchison Globe. A sad-eyed woman, wearing clothes that were wedding finery four years ago and shoes that are misfits because they were cheaper, has sent out invita tions to her best friends and relatives to an acknowledgment party. There are those to whom life' has been one glad, sweet song -who don't know what an acknowledgment party Is, and they should shake hands with themselves because of the happy ignorance. When the guests come to this party their hostess will say as she greets each one: "I wish to acknowledge that you were right and I was wrong; he is worthless, as you said, and I made a mistake in marrying him." In the books a woman in such a plight will close her lips in determination, throw her head In the air and try to look like a triumphant procession returning with the trophies of victory, but this woman knows that any effort to make others believe that the old cracked jelly glass she drew is a cut-glass tumbler is. futile. Hence the acknowl edgment party. Useful Hints for Anglers. Boston Transcript. . A bookworm does not make good bait for trout fishing. The red spots on a trout do not indi cate scarlet fever or the measles, as some suppose. The angler Is like the actor in one respect, he must not forget his lines. Like many humans, the trout that keeps his mouth shut saves himself lots of trouble. Birds are often brought down on the wing: trout are frequently brought up on the fly. Trout may or may not make brains, but they certainly make liars. We 'prefer, however, having our trout stories overdrawn rather than our bank account. x If you hook a trout you will pull it In; If you hook anything else you are apt to get pulled In yourself. That Is all we know about trout. Membership Doubled. Pittsburg Gazette-Times. An English navat expert says war be tween the United States and Japan is a certainty. So the Society for the Pro motion of War now has two members. Hobson Is the other one. Doctors Generally Disagree. New Orleans Times-Democrat. Now that they both received select assortments of honorary degrees, Dr. Taft and Dr. Roosevelt may safely pro ceed to a diagnosis of the Republican party's ailments. WANTS , NORMAL MACniNE END Southern Oregon Editor Says One Good School Ts Knough. Grants Pass Observer. An initiative petition for the re establishment of the Ashland Normal School was circulated in Grants Pass last week, and obtained signatures, as all petitions do. Besides the four schools that were closed down, as worthless, by the Legislature two years ago, there are three or four other towns desirous of securing normals by ini tiative. There seems to be an impres sion that the people will approve any thing in the way of Initiative, and there is some ground for the impres sion In view of initiative measures that have heretofore been approved. This paper believes in one normal pchool, well equipped and conveniently located. Such a school can accomplish more for the public In one year than the four accomplished during their en tire existence, and the cost would be much less. If the normal schools and their back ers, the members of the Legislature from the four school counties, had had common honesty the schools would still be in existence. These schools clubbed together to rob the state treasury. Every session it was the same story. They corrupted the Legislature. They traded their bunch of votes with any member who had a proposition and would agree to vote with them. They even threatened to balk legislation if the Legislature would not grant their extravagant and wasteful demands. They were more pernicious than the "machine," and will be so again if the people mistakenly place them In posi tion to reconstruct their methods. These schools were of no particular benefit to the state. They were' only squanderers of public money. There are very few teachers in Oregon who were trained by these imbecile Institu tions. Oregon for years has been get ting teachers from the East. There is a whole band of Eastern teachers In the Grants Pass schools, and they were em ployed because home teachers could not be had. It seems to the Observer to be the clear duty of every voter to vote against every normal school bill that comes up under Initiative next Novem ber. The voter who does not do that Is not honest to himself or to the peo ple, for the plain reason that it Is im possible for the average voter to be properly informed of the merits of these measures. The business of providing needed education belongs legitimately to the Legislature, which is a deliber ate body and does not bolt laws without consideration and necessary amend ment. It Is said that people who circulate these petitions are paid 10 cents a name. That has all the quality of corruption, and is only different in degree from the action of a man who may hire a friend to buy votes for him at $10 each. "DIRECT" GOVERNMENT FALLACY. The One Safeguard of Democracy la the Representative System. Aberdeen World. "The great Issue before the Ameri can people," says Senator Jonathan Bourne, of Oregon, "will be popular government against delegated govern ment." Then there will be no Issue, for popular government can not be possible except through delegated au thority. How else? Popular govern ment, as contrasted with delegated government. Is absurd. If it means any thing, it means that popular govern ment is to be construed in terms of individual government, which is an archy. Mr. Bourne Is himself a repre sentative with delegated powers. Mr. Bourne goes on to attempt to explain that his definition of popular government is "direct accountability of all public servants to party and l general electorates rather than to Ir responsible political machines." It is an explanation that does not explain. It means nothing. "Irresponsible po litical machines" exist only because the people permit them to exist. They will vanish as the morning mists whenever the people want them to vanish. There can be no issue on that point. "Machines" are the outgrowth of party and of Indifference within the party. The term, besides, is vague and Indefi nite. If by it Mr. Bourne means or ganization, then he does not know the essentials of party or of his own gov ernment. Party can not exist without organization. It will end In futility. It cannot end otherwise. Party exists to accomplish something. It can ac complish nothing by mere fulminatlons and grandiose phrases. It must act. To act It must be placed In authority. It cannot gain authority without or ganization. The condition of the Re publican party In Oregon ought to be sufficient for Mr. Bourne. Public serv ants there are accountable to nothing but the whimsies of factional strife and the willingness of the minority to for swear allegiance to fts own party In order to work havoc in the ranks of the opposition. Mr. Roosevelt does not need Mr. Bourne's advice for his future. Mr. Roosevelt has some knowledge of the political game and some insight Into Issues himself. He never conceived anything quite so absurd as a quarrel between popular government and its only possible agent, government by delegated authority. Sneeze Sets Broken Bone. Hartford Cor. New York Press. Patrolman Charles Schiller, whose right cheek bone was broken by a baseball In Riverside Park two weeks ago, was to have undergone an opera tion this morning. Before the doctors got there, however, the policeman per formed an unexpected surgical opera tion on himself. His face pained him a good deal, and he sent one of his sons to a drug store to get a patent salve, but accidentally got some of It to his nose, and it caused him to sneeze violently several times. The last time he sneezed he felt a sharp pain in his face, and when the doctors got to his house ready to ope rate they found the sneeze had taken their job from them, and the bone had snapped back into place. A Critic and a Doer. Philadelphia Press. While Alton B. Parker, a. gentleman who was once hoaxed Into the belief that he was running for President of the United States, was criticising Presi dent Taft. the Chief Magistrate of the United States was attaching the Execu tive approval to the greatest bunch of Important legislation ever procured by a President in the closing days of a session of Congress. Cocktails and the Civil War. Idaho Statesman. There is a dispute about the Inven tion of the cocktail. New claimant de clares he originated the seductive drink in 1S60. Notice that is about the time the late unpleasantness started. Any connection? Given enough cocktails, and most anything ls liable to start. Depending on the State of Trade. Kansas City Star. A man took a prescription to an Atchison druggist the other day' and asked what the price would be for fill ing it. "If business is pretty good within the next half hour it will be 85 cents, but if business Is rotten I may have to charge 50 cents," replied the druggist. Busy Season Expected. Indianapolis News. The Oyster Bay rumor foundry is looking forward to one of the busiest seasons At has ever experienced. LIFE'S SUNNY SIDE Kirk La Shells met an actor and noticed that he was wearing a mourning band on his arm. "it's for my father," the actor ex plained. "I've just come from his fu neral." La Shelle expressed his sympathy. The actor's grief was obviously very real and great. "I attended to all the funeral ar rangements," he said. "We had every thing just as father would have liked it." "Were there many there?" asked La Shelle. "Many there!" cried the actor, with pride. "Why. my boy. we turned 'em away!" Minneapolis Journal. mm "Rita" so Mrs. Desmond Humphries, the English novelist, is called was con demning in New York the frequency of divorce in America. "You Americans," she said, "don't seem to possess the secret the secret, I mean, of matrimonial happiness. Perhaps you might take a lesson from a city clerk I heard of recently. "A friend of his, after visiting him at hi3 home, said: " 'Excuse me. Will, but how do you mariagp, on your small salary, to have such well-cooked and delicious meals?' " 'The secret is simple.' Will replied. 'Every day I kiss the cook and do all I can to please her and make her happy.' . " "But doosn't your wife object?" the other asked. " 'Dear, no! she's the cook, was the reply." Washington Star. At one of the hotels In Washington several members of Congress made them selves conspicuous by calling to one another across the table, 'Will the gen tleman from Maine pass me the butter?" "Will the gentleman from pass me the salt?" etc., etc. There was a gentle man present who was exceedingly an noyed by their conversation, and, turn ing to the waiter at the back of bis chair, he politely requested. "Will the gentle man from Africa pass me the butter?" Judge. Night was approaching and the rain was coming down faster and faster. The traveler dismounted from his horse and rapped at the door of the one farm house he had struck in a five-mile stretch of traveling. No one came to the door. As he stood on the doorstep the water from the eaves trickled down his collar. He rapped again. Still no answer. He could feel the stream of water coursing down his back. Another spell of pound ing, and finally the red head of a lad of 12 was stuck out of the second story. "Watcher want?" it asked. "I want to know If I can stay here over night," the traveler answered tes tily. The red-headed lad watched the man for a minute or two before answering. "Ye kin fer all of me," he finally an swered, and then closed the window. Lip plncott's. William B. Ridgely, ex-Controller of the Currency, said of a certain speculator recently: "The man Is as Ingenious as a horse trader's son, who once unexpectedly, called upon his father to mount a horse and exhibit its paces. "As he mounted he leaned toward his father and said: "Are you buying or selling?" Success Magazine. Cold Water Without Ice, Suburban Life. Ice is not a necessity in order to se cure cool water, for water can be made sufficiently cool for drinking purposes by putting it In a bottle or jug and wrapping a woolen rag around the lat ter, then setting it in a shallow dish of water and placing the whole outfit in a cool place: if in a draft, all the bet ter. The principle Involved is found in the fact that when evaporation takes place heat is given off. Th woolen rag absorbs the water from the dish below, which is evaporated from the rag. cooling the water. If you have ever bad alcohol or ether on .your hands, you will no doubt have noticed how cool the skin felt. This was because of the evaporation of the liquid. The faster it evaporates the cooler the object gets. King George's BJffut-hand Man. London Chronicle. Lord Knollys, who, after serving the late King for 40 years, has been ap pointed private secretary to King George, comes of a singularly long lived race. His father served as con troller of the Prince of Wales' house hold until his SOth year, and lived for six years after his retirement, and his grandfather likewise attained a great age. His ancestor, William Knollys, who also served in the house hold of two monarchs, Elizabeth and James I, died at the age of 85, and, ac cording to Dugdale, "rode a hawking and hunting within half a year of his death." Sir Francis Knollys, the dis tinguished statesman who founded the family fortune, was 82 at the time of his death. Who Invented the pneumatic Tire f New York Press. Edinburgh is going to put up a broze statue to the inventor of the pneumatic tire, but Edinburgh is not certain whether It was Thompson, who took out a patent in 1845 for affixing a belt filled with compressed" air to the rim of a carriage wheel, or whether It was a veterinary. Dr. Danlop, who. In 1888. helped out his kids riding on the rough stones of Belfast by rigging up a crude set of pneumatic tires for his tricycle. Thompson never did a thing with his patent, nor would have pottering Dr. Dunlop. One Shrinking Terror. Hartford Courant. At one of the Yale class reunions this week a clergyman with 40 years (more or less) of experience in the world told his listening friends that his conclusion of the whole matter was that hell ls not now anything like so big as it was when he entered the ministry and he thought it was still shrinking. This is suggestive, not to say cheering. News and Comment From the Ringside Among' its other features, The Sunday Oregonian tomorrow will contain telegraphic letters from REX BEACH, JACK LONDON, . JACK GRANT, HARRY B. SMITH, and Associated Press correspond ents, together with the very latest pictures connected with the world 's heavyweight champion ship fight. A great variety of other interesting matter, includ ing fresh gossip and news, will also be printed. On Tuesday, July 5, The Ore gonian will publish probably the Best and Fullest accounts of the contest of any paper in the Western half of the United States. With such compe tent writers, our readers need ex pect nothing less.